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Sui Y, Xu D. Isolation and identification of anti-inflammatory and analgesic polysaccharides from Coix seed ( Coix lacryma-jobi L.var. Ma-yuen (Roman.) Stapf). Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2165-2174. [PMID: 36584288 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2162896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Coix seed is a nutrient-rich food and traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Polysaccharides from Coix seed have been rarely investigated for structure and activities. In this study, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were investigated in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that Coix seed had a significant influence on reducing the number of writhing, increasing the pain threshold and alleviating the swelling degree caused by acute inflammation. Column chromatography was used to obtain two active compounds of Coix seed. Compound 1 was (1→6)-α-glucan with a molecular weight of 6.81 × 105 Da. The chemical connection of compound 2 was as follows: α-Frup (2→ [1)-α-Glcp (6]5→1)-α-Glcp (4→1)-α-Glcp, which was isolated in Coix seed for the first time. LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells was well inhibited by compounds. These findings offered a preliminary investigation into the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Coix seed, which may be helpful for application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingling Sui
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Deping Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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2
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Chen J, Wan L, Zheng Q, Lan M, Zhang X, Li Y, Li B, Li L. Structural characterization and in vitro hypoglycaemic activity of glucomannan from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. Food Funct 2022; 13:1797-1807. [PMID: 35083996 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03010h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new polysaccharide (AABP-2B) was obtained from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge after purification by gradient alcohol precipitation and DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography. AABP-2B was confirmed to be a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 5800 Da and was composed of mannose and glucose at a molar ratio of 7.2 : 2.8. Structural analysis demonstrated that the backbone of AABP-2B was mainly composed of 4)-β-D-Manp-(1, 4,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 and 3,6)-β-D-Manp-(1. The hypoglycaemic effect of AABP-2B was evaluated by its inhibition of α-glucosidase activities and insulin resistance in a HepG2 cell model. The results showed that AABP-2B displayed α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and could significantly improve glucose consumption by activating the IRS-1/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Hence, AABP-2B may have potential as a functional food or medicine for diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China. .,International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China.
| | - Liting Wan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Qingsong Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Meijuan Lan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yuting Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Lin Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China. .,School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
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YU QY, YUAN S, YAN YY, ZHANG XF. Extraction, preparation and an assessment of the activity of carboxymethyl polysaccharide from Panax japonicus. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.82221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yang YU
- Qingdao Agricultural University, People’s Republic of China; Wuhan Polytechnic University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai YUAN
- Qingdao Agricultural University, People’s Republic of China; Wuhan Polytechnic University, People’s Republic of China
| | - You-Yu YAN
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Feng ZHANG
- Qingdao Agricultural University, People’s Republic of China
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Hypolipidemic and Hepatoprotective Effects of Polysaccharides Extracted from Liriope spicata Var. Prolifera in C57BL/6J Mice with High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8013189. [PMID: 33376498 PMCID: PMC7746456 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8013189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, C57BL/6J mice with high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced hyperlipidemia were treated with total Liriope spicata var. prolifera polysaccharides (TLSP: 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight), simvastatin (3 mg/kg body weight), or saline for 8 weeks, respectively. The results showed that TLSP had strong lipid-lowering and hepatoprotective effects on C57BL/6J mice with HFD-induced hyperlipidemia. TLSP administration significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and downregulated the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the adipose and liver tissues of the mice. TLSP exerted hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects by activating lipid/bile acid metabolism via the FXH-SHP/CYP7A1 and SEBP-1c/FAC/ACC signaling pathways. Thus, TLPS is a promising natural polymer with hepatoprotective and hypolipidemic properties.
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Zhou J, Pan J, Xiang Z, Wang Q, Tong Q, Fang J, Wan L, Chen J. Xiaokeyinshui extract combination, a berberine-containing agent, exerts anti-diabetic and renal protective effects on rats in multi-target mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 262:113098. [PMID: 32726678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xiaokeyinshui (XKYS) formula, an anti-diabetic formula, was recorded in many ancient Chinese medical books. Xiaokeyinshui extract combination (XEC) originated from this ancient formula, consisting extracts of four herbal drugs, namely, Coptidis Rhizoma, Liriopes Radix, bitter melon, and Cassiae Semen. OBJECTIVE Therapeutic effects of Xiaokeyinshui extract combination (XEC) were assessed on diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herb extracts were prepared and mixed, yielding XEC. XEC were intragastrically given at doses of 260, 380 and 500 mg/kg/d to diabetic rats for 60 days. Anti-diabetic effects of XEC were studied, with measurement of body weight, and assessment of both glycemic control and lipid management. Measurement of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines were conducted in accordance to protocols of commercial kits. Parameters related to renal functions were also measured. Western blot (WB) analysis was performed to explore the anti-diabetic and renal protective mechanisms of XEC. RESULTS Compared to diabetic control, XEC exhibited significant effects in both glucose-lowering and lipid management (p < 0.01). Both oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines were reduced after treatment of XEC for two months. In addition, XEC exhibited renal protective effects. WB analysis of liver tissue demonstrated that XEC achieved anti-diabetic effects through up-regulation of InsRα/IRS-1/PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway and phosphorylation of AMPK. In addition, renal protective effects were also achieved with down-regulation of RAGE and VEGF expressions in kidney. CONCLUSIONS XEC exerts promising anti-diabetic and renal protective effects on diabetic rats in multi-target mechanisms. XEC could be a satisfying alternative treating T2DM and preventing diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiewen Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhinan Xiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qilin Tong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinbo Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Luosheng Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Jiachun Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
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Wang X, Zhang S, Li Z, Wang M, Sun R. Comparison on structure, chain conformation, and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides extracted from Liriopes radix with hot water and ultrasound. J Carbohydr Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2020.1746329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wang
- Faculty of Science, Xi’an Aeronautical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shaobo Zhang
- Faculty of Science, Xi’an Aeronautical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhixu Li
- Faculty of Science, Xi’an Aeronautical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Faculty of Science, Xi’an Aeronautical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Runguang Sun
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Biomedicine Engineering, College of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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Zhang S, Li X. Hypoglycemic activity in vitro of polysaccharides from Camellia oleifera Abel. seed cake. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:811-819. [PMID: 29654860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We isolated and purified polysaccharide from the Camellia oleifera Abel. seed cake (CCP) and studied its hypoglycemic activity in vitro. The molecular weight of CCP was 4736 Da and the monosaccharide molar composition ratio was: Xylose:Glucuronic acid:Galactosamine:Mannose = 10.9:4.4:2.6:1.8. The CCP contained conjugated proteins and belonged to acidic polysaccharide, which can promote the consumption of the glucose in the medium by HepG2 cells within the range of 0.125-0.500 mg/mL. Relative consumption rate (RCR) of the glucose was the highest at 0.5 mg/mL, exceeded that of the metformin hydrochloride, as well as that of Tea Polysaccharide under the same concentration. A meaningful structure activity relationship (SAR) of hypoglycemia polysaccharides had established. This result suggests that CCP can be used as hypoglycemic medicine or health food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- College of Materials and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China.
| | - Xiangzhou Li
- College of Materials and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
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8
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Fang J, Wang X, Lu M, He X, Yang X. Recent advances in polysaccharides from Ophiopogon japonicus and Liriope spicata var. prolifera. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 114:1257-1266. [PMID: 29634971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
O. japonicus and L. spicata var. prolifera are distinguished as sources of highly promising yin-tonifying medicinals, namely Ophiopogonis Radix and Liriopes Radix. Liriopes Radix is generally medicinally used as a substitute for Ophiopogonis Radix in various prescriptions due to their extremely similar nature. Ophiopogonis Radix and Liriopes Radix are both very rich in bioactive polysaccharides, especially β‑fructans. Over the past twelve years, except for work on physical entrapment and chemical modification of obtained β‑fructans, the vast majority of studies are carried out to investigate the bioactivities of O. japonicus polysaccharides (OJP) and L. spicata var. prolifera polysaccharides (LSP), mainly including anti-diabetes, immunomodulation, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, anti-obesity, cardiovascular protection, etc. In addition, OJP and LSP are considered to have the potential to regulate intestinal flora. The main purpose of this review is to provide systematically reorganized information on structural characteristics and bioactivities of OJP and LSP to support their further therapeutic potentials and sanitarian functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Northwest University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Northwest University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Mengxin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Northwest University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Xirui He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Northwest University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China; Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Xinhua Yang
- Chongqing Jiangbei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400020, PR China
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9
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Shang ZP, Wang F, Zhang JY, Wang ZJ, Lu JQ, Wang HY, Li N. The genus Liriope: Phytochemistry and pharmacology. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 15:801-815. [PMID: 29329607 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Liriope (Liliaceae) species have been used as folk medicines in Asian countries since ancient times. From Liriope plants (8 species), a total of 132 compounds (except polysaccharides) have been isolated and identified, including steroidal saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and eudesmane sesquiterpenoids. The crude extracts or monomeric compounds from this genus have been shown to exhibit anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. The present review summarizes the results on phytochemical and biological studies on Liriope plants. The chemotaxonomy of this genus is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Peng Shang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zi-Jian Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian-Qiu Lu
- Library of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huai-You Wang
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ning Li
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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Structure features and in vitro hypoglycemic activities of polysaccharides from different species of Maidong. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 173:215-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Wang F, Ma Y, Liu Y, Cui Z, Ying X, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. A simple strategy for the separation and purification of water-soluble polysaccharides from the fresh Spirulina platensis. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1244549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhenggang Cui
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ying
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
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Wang PC, Zhao S, Yang BY, Wang QH, Kuang HX. Anti-diabetic polysaccharides from natural sources: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 148:86-97. [PMID: 27185119 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease attracted worldwide concerns, which severely impairs peoples' quality of life and is attributed to several life-threatening complications, including atherosclerosis, nephropathy and retinopathy. The current therapies for DM include mainly oral anti-diabetic drugs and insulin. However, continuous use of these causes insulin resistance and side-effects, and the demand of effective, nontoxic and affordable drugs for DM patients is eager. Several previous studies have shown that non-toxic biological macromolecules, mainly polysaccharides, possess prominent efficacies on DM. Based on these encouraging observations, a great deal of efforts have been focused on discovering anti-diabetic polysaccharides for the development of effective therapeutics for DM. This review focuses on the advancements in the anti-diabetic efficacy of various natural polysaccharides and polysaccharide complexes from 2010 to 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China.
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Caleffi ER, Krausová G, Hyršlová I, Paredes LLR, dos Santos MM, Sassaki GL, Gonçalves RAC, de Oliveira AJB. Isolation and prebiotic activity of inulin-type fructan extracted from Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng) Pedersen roots. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 80:392-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Zhang L, Deng W. Structure Characterization and Adhesive Ability of a Polysaccharide from Tendrils of Parthenocissus heterophylla. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to reveal the structure of the polysaccharide and its contribution to the biological adhesion system of Parthenocissus heterophylla, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PT-A) was isolated from tendrils using DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-100 columns. PT-A mainly consisted of a backbone of (1→3)-linked-β-D-Galp residues and substituted at O-6 with side chains of (1→5)-linked-α-L-Ara f residues and glucomannopyranosyl residues. Individual polysaccharide chains of PT-A with the approximately height of 0.75 nm were observed by AFM. The analysis of force curves indicated that PT-A was a kind of elastic polysaccharide with a maximum adhesion force of 279.98 nN, which could be applied as a potential bio-adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenli Deng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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15
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Xiao ZQ, Wang YL, Gan SR, Chen JC. Polysaccharides from Liriopes Radix ameliorates hyperglycemia via various potential mechanisms in diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:975-82. [PMID: 23939938 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liriopes Radix, which is regarded as both drug and healthy diet, is drunk as tea and used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetes. Based on our previous studies, investigated the hypoglycemic effects and explored the mechanisms of total polysaccharides from Liriope spicata var. prolifera (Liriopes Radix) in a diabetic rat model. RESULTS TLSP reduced hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. The oral glucose tolerance test showed that TLSP could improve the glucose tolerance of diabetic rats. Damage to liver and pancreas tissue was inhibited after treatment with TLSP. Moreover, TLSP increased glycogen content, glucokinase (GK) and glycogen synthetase (GS) activities, and suppressed the elevation of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) activities in liver. Compared with the diabetic control group, GK and GS mRNA expression were significantly elevated, while G6Pase and GP mRNA expression were decreased in TLSP groups. In addition, TLSP could inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3β expression and increase insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, protein kinase B and glucose transport protein-4 expression in liver. CONCLUSION TLSP showed hypoglycemic function. Improvement of glucose metabolism and insulin-signaling transduction were possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-qi Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
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Peng Q, Xu Q, Yin H, Huang L, Du Y. Characterization of an immunologically active pectin from the fruits of Lycium ruthenicum. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 64:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Xiao ZQ, Wang YL, Yue YD, Zhang YT, Chen CP, Wan LS, Deng B, Liu ZX, Chen JC. Preventive effects of polysaccharides from Liriope spicata var. prolifera on diabetic nephropathy in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 61:114-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Antidiabetic Activity of Polysaccharides from Tuberous Root of Liriope spicata var. prolifera in KKAy Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:349790. [PMID: 23762123 PMCID: PMC3677662 DOI: 10.1155/2013/349790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tuberous root of Liriope spicata var. prolifera has been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of diabetes. The present study investigated the antidiabetic effect and the potential mechanisms of two new polysaccharides (LSP1, LSP2) and the total polysaccharides (TLSP), isolated from the tuberous roots. Upon the intragastric administration in obese insulin-resistant diabetic KKAy mice for 28 days, TLSP, LSP1, and LSP2 all caused a remarkable decrease of fasting blood glucose and significant improvement of insulin resistance and serum lipid metabolism in diabetic mice. In addition, liver histological analysis showed that TLSP, LSP1, and LSP2 significantly ameliorated the hepatocyte hypertrophy and decreased the lipid accumulation in the mice liver. Further experiments suggested that TLSP, LSP1, and LSP2 effectively inhibited hepatic gluconeogenesis and increased hepatic glycolysis and hepatic glycogen content. Furthermore, the mechanistic analysis showed the increased expression of insulin-receptor α subunit, insulin-receptor substrate-1, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors γ. These results suggested that TLSP, LSP1, and LSP2 manifest strong antidiabetic activity, therefore hold a great promise for therapeutic application in diabetic therapy and other related metabolic disorders.
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Lee JB, Miyake S, Umetsu R, Hayashi K, Chijimatsu T, Hayashi T. Anti-influenza A virus effects of fructan from Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.). Food Chem 2012; 134:2164-8. [PMID: 23442670 PMCID: PMC7173106 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A fructan that acts as an anti-influenza A virus substance was isolated from hot water extract of the green leafy part of a Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.). The structure of the fructan was characterised and elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. The fructan was composed of terminal (21.0%) and 2,1-linked β-D-Fruf residues (65.3%) with 1,6-linked β-D-Glcp residues (13.7%). The molecular weight of the polysaccharide and polydispersity was estimated to be 1.5×10(3) and 1.18, respectively. Although the fructan did not show anti-influenza A virus activity in vitro, it demonstrated an inhibitory effect on virus replication in vivo when it was orally administered to mice. In addition, the polysaccharide enhanced the production of neutralising antibodies against influenza A virus. Therefore, the antiviral mechanism of the polysaccharide seemed to be dependent on the host immune system, i.e., enhancement of the host immune function was achieved by the administration of the polysaccharide. From our observations, the fructan from Welsh onions is suggested to be one of the active principles which exert an anti-influenza virus effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Bum Lee
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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de Melo FCBC, Zaia CTBV, Celligoi MAPC. Levan from Bacillus subtilis Natto: its effects in normal and in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:1613-9. [PMID: 24031993 PMCID: PMC3769048 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220120004000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Levan is an exopolysaccharide of fructose primarily linked by β-(2→6) glycosidic bonds with some β-(2→1) branched chains. Due to its chemical properties, levan has possible applications in both the food and pharmaceutical industries. Bacillus subtilis is a promising industrial levan producer, as it ferments sucrose and has a high levan-formation capacity. A new strain of B. subtilis was recently isolated from Japanese food natto, and it has produced levan in large quantities. For future pharmaceutical applications, this study aimed to investigate the effects of levan produced by B. subtilis Natto, mainly as potential hypoglycemic agent, (previously optimized with a molecular weight equal to 72.37 and 4,146 kDa) in Wistar male rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and non-diabetic rats and to monitor their plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. After 15 days of experimentation, the animals were sacrificed, and their blood samples were analyzed. The results, compared using analysis of variance, demonstrated that for this type of levan, a hypoglycemic effect was not observed, as there was no improvement of diabetes symptoms during the experiment. However, levan did not affect any studied parameters in normal rats, indicating that the exopolysaccharide can be used for other purposes.
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Abstract
This chapter describes the isolation of natural products using low-pressure column chromatography (LPLC) and provides a brief summary of the adsorption and size exclusion processes involved in LPLC. Different types of stationary phases used in both adsorption and size exclusion LPLC are also presented with specific examples. Various operational parameters in relation to column packing (both wet and dry), column equilibration, sample application, and column development, and a summary of generic procedures for adsorption and size exclusion LPLC are also incorporated in this chapter. Throughout the chapter, several specific examples of the application of LPLC for the isolation of various natural products including alkaloids, coumarins, flavones, and saponins from various plants are given. Many of these examples include a combination of adsorption and size exclusion chromatography to obtain specific compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond G Reid
- School of Pharmacy, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK.
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Khan V, Najmi AK, Akhtar M, Aqil M, Mujeeb M, Pillai KK. A pharmacological appraisal of medicinal plants with antidiabetic potential. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2012; 4:27-42. [PMID: 22368396 PMCID: PMC3283954 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.92727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complicated metabolic disorder that has gravely troubled the human health and quality of life. Conventional agents are being used to control diabetes along with lifestyle management. However, they are not entirely effective and no one has ever been reported to have fully recovered from diabetes. Numerous medicinal plants have been used for the management of diabetes mellitus in various traditional systems of medicine worldwide as they are a great source of biological constituents and many of them are known to be effective against diabetes. Medicinal plants with antihyperglycemic activities are being more desired, owing to lesser side-effects and low cost. This review focuses on the various plants that have been reported to be effective in diabetes. A record of various medicinal plants with their established antidiabetic and other health benefits has been reported. These include Allium sativa, Eugenia jambolana, Panax ginseng, Gymnema sylvestre, Momrodica charantia, Ocimum sanctum, Phyllanthus amarus, Pterocarpus marsupium, Trigonella foenum graecum and Tinospora cordifolia. All of them have shown a certain degree of antidiabetic activity by different mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasim Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Mohd. Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd. Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd. Mujeeb
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - K. K. Pillai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Polysaccharide fromGynura divaricatamodulates the activities of intestinal disaccharidases in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Br J Nutr 2011; 106:1323-9. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511001693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During diabetes, structural and functional changes in the alimentary tract are known to take place resulting in an increased absorption of intestinal glucose and alterations in the activities of brush-border disaccharidases. To elucidate the effect of administrating polysaccharide fromGynura divaricata(PGD) on disaccharidase activities, the specific activities of intestinal disaccharidases, namely sucrase, maltase and lactase, were measured in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Normal control and diabetic rats were treated by oral administration with PGD. Specific activities of intestinal disaccharidases were increased significantly during diabetes, and amelioration of the activities of sucrase and maltase during diabetes was clearly visible by the treatment with PGD. However, the increased activity of lactase during diabetes mellitus was remarkably alleviated by the administration of PGD only in the duodenum. Meanwhile, oral sucrose tolerance tests demonstrated that PGD alleviated the hyperglycaemia during diabetes mellitus, resulting from the amelioration in the activities of intestinal disaccharidases. The present investigation suggests that PGD exerted an anti-diabetic effect partly via inhibiting the increased intestinal disaccharidase activities of diabetic rats. This beneficial influence of administration of PGD on intestinal disaccharidases clearly indicates their helpful role in the management of diabetes.
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Hu ZF, Chen LL, Qi J, Wang YH, Zhang H, Yu BY. Two new benzofuran derivatives with anti-inflammatory activity from Liriope spicata var. prolifera. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:190-2. [PMID: 20837110 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Fang Hu
- Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Road, Nanjing 211198, PR China
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