1
|
Current Perspectives on Pyrroloiminoquinones: Distribution, Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery Potential. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248724. [PMID: 36557854 PMCID: PMC9787360 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pyrroloiminoquinones are a group of cytotoxic alkaloids most commonly isolated from marine sponges. Structurally, they are based on a tricyclic pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline core and encompass marine natural products such as makaluvamines, tsitsikammamines and discorhabdins. These diverse compounds are known to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities including anticancer, antiplasmodial, antimicrobial, antifungal and antiviral activities as well as the inhibition of several key cellular enzymes. The resurgence of interest in pyrroloiminoquinones and the convoluted understanding regarding their biological activities have prompted this review. Herein, we provided a concise summary of key findings and recent developments pertaining to their structural diversity, distribution, biogenesis, and their potential as chemical probes for drug development, including a discussion of promising synthetic analogs.
Collapse
|
2
|
Sakata J. [Synthetic Studies on Complex Natural Products Based on Development of a Novel Synthetic Method for Heteroaromatic Skeleton]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:91-100. [PMID: 35110456 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.21-00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Among my recent work on the syntheses of complex natural products based on the development of a novel synthetic method for the heteroaromatic skeleton, this article primarily deals with the total syntheses of (+)-CC-1065, isobatzeline A/B, and batzeline A. These syntheses were accomplished via a novel indole synthesis utilizing a ring expansion reaction of benzocyclobutenone oxime sulfonate as the key step. The 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[3,2-e]indole segments of (+)-CC-1065 were rapidly constructed via a two-directional double-ring expansion strategy. Highly substituted pyrrolidine-fused common 5-chloro-2-methylthioindoles of isobatzeline A/B and batzeline A were constructed using a ring expansion reaction of benzocyclobutenone oxime sulfonate with NaSMe and a benzyne-mediated cyclization/functionalization reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juri Sakata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Paliwal D, Srivastava S, Sharma PK, Ahmad I. Marine Originated Fused Heterocyclic: Prospective Bioactivity against Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190328205729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The deep Sea has several herbal sources such as marine organisms. These marine
sources possibly have effective anticancer properties. The fused heterocyclic ring with marine
source has special characteristics with minimum toxicity and with maximum anticancer
effects. The review focused on and classified the prospective lead compounds which have
shown a promising therapeutic range as anticancer agents in clinical and preclinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP 226003, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kalinski JCJ, Krause RWM, Parker-Nance S, Waterworth SC, Dorrington RA. Unlocking the Diversity of Pyrroloiminoquinones Produced by Latrunculid Sponge Species. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020068. [PMID: 33525412 PMCID: PMC7912287 DOI: 10.3390/md19020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sponges of the Latrunculiidae family produce bioactive pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids including makaluvamines, discorhabdins, and tsitsikammamines. The aim of this study was to use LC-ESI-MS/MS-driven molecular networking to characterize the pyrroloiminoquinone secondary metabolites produced by six latrunculid species. These are Tsitsikamma favus, Tsitsikamma pedunculata, Cyclacanthia bellae, and Latrunculia apicalis as well as the recently discovered species, Tsitsikamma nguni and Tsitsikamma michaeli. Organic extracts of 43 sponges were analyzed, revealing distinct species-specific chemical profiles. More than 200 known and unknown putative pyrroloiminoquinones and related compounds were detected, including unprecedented makaluvamine-discorhabdin adducts and hydroxylated discorhabdin I derivatives. The chemical profiles of the new species T. nguni closely resembled those of the known T. favus (chemotype I), but with a higher abundance of tsitsikammamines vs. discorhabdins. T. michaeli sponges displayed two distinct chemical profiles, either producing mostly the same discorhabdins as T. favus (chemotype I) or non- or monobrominated, hydroxylated discorhabdins. C. bellae and L. apicalis produced similar pyrroloiminoquinone chemistry to one another, characterized by sulfur-containing discorhabdins and related adducts and oligomers. This study highlights the variability of pyrroloiminoquinone production by latrunculid species, identifies novel isolation targets, and offers fundamental insights into the collision-induced dissociation of pyrroloiminoquinones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarmo-Charles J. Kalinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (J.-C.J.K.); (S.P.-N.); (S.C.W.)
| | - Rui W. M. Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa;
| | - Shirley Parker-Nance
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (J.-C.J.K.); (S.P.-N.); (S.C.W.)
- South African Environmental Observation Network, Elwandle Coastal Node, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Samantha C. Waterworth
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (J.-C.J.K.); (S.P.-N.); (S.C.W.)
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Rosemary A. Dorrington
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (J.-C.J.K.); (S.P.-N.); (S.C.W.)
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yamashita Y, Poignant L, Sakata J, Tokuyama H. Divergent Total Syntheses of Isobatzellines A/B and Batzelline A. Org Lett 2020; 22:6239-6243. [PMID: 32623895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Divergent total syntheses of isobatzellines A/B and batzelline A were accomplished. A fully substituted common indole intermediate bearing C-2 methylthio and C-5 chloro groups was constructed via ring expansion of benzocyclobutenone oxime sulfonate with NaSMe and a benzyne-mediated cyclization/functionalization sequence as the key steps. The total synthesis of isobatzelline B was achieved via formation of the iminoquinone structure by the redox-neutral acid-promoted C-5 proto-dechlorination of the common indole intermediate. The total syntheses of isobatzelline A and batzelline A were completed in a divergent manner by oxidation of the common indole intermediate using MnO2 or Mn(OAc)3, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Yamashita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Louna Poignant
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Juri Sakata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tokuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Study of molecular interactions by hydrogen bond of charged forms of makaluvamines and complex stability with H 2O and glutamic acid (Glu Ac) by the theory of the functional of density (B3LYP). J Mol Model 2019; 25:344. [PMID: 31720844 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This work was undertaken to understand the mode of interaction of makaluvamines, a class of marine pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids isolated from sponges of the genus Zyzzya, used in the treatment of several human cancer cell lines. This analysis was done by the quantum chemistry method. First, we used electrostatic potential (ESP) to reveal the different sites that accept and donate hydrogen bonds (HB) of charged forms (protonated and methylated) of makaluvamines (at level B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)). In a second step, we studied the interactions by hydrogen bond between these molecules and water molecule on the one hand (at level B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)) and on the other hand glutamic acid a protein residue of topoisomerase II (at level B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)). Finally, we calculated the corrected BSSE interaction energies and estimated the relative stability of the formed complexes.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kalinski JCJ, Waterworth SC, Noundou XS, Jiwaji M, Parker-Nance S, Krause RWM, McPhail KL, Dorrington RA. Molecular Networking Reveals Two Distinct Chemotypes in Pyrroloiminoquinone-Producing Tsitsikamma favus Sponges. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E60. [PMID: 30654589 PMCID: PMC6356464 DOI: 10.3390/md17010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The temperate marine sponge, Tsitsikamma favus, produces pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids with potential as anticancer drug leads. We profiled the secondary metabolite reservoir of T. favus sponges using HR-ESI-LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking analysis followed by preparative purification efforts to map the diversity of new and known pyrroloiminoquinones and related compounds in extracts of seven specimens. Molecular taxonomic identification confirmed all sponges as T. favus and five specimens (chemotype I) were found to produce mainly discorhabdins and tsitsikammamines. Remarkably, however, two specimens (chemotype II) exhibited distinct morphological and chemical characteristics: the absence of discorhabdins, only trace levels of tsitsikammamines and, instead, an abundance of unbranched and halogenated makaluvamines. Targeted chromatographic isolation provided the new makaluvamine Q, the known makaluvamines A and I, tsitsikammamine B, 14-bromo-7,8-dehydro-3-dihydro-discorhabdin C, and the related pyrrolo-ortho-quinones makaluvamine O and makaluvone. Purified compounds displayed different activity profiles in assays for topoisomerase I inhibition, DNA intercalation and antimetabolic activity against human cell lines. This is the first report of makaluvamines from a Tsitsikamma sponge species, and the first description of distinct chemotypes within a species of the Latrunculiidae family. This study sheds new light on the putative pyrroloiminoquinone biosynthetic pathway of latrunculid sponges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarmo-Charles J Kalinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - Samantha C Waterworth
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Xavier Siwe Noundou
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - Meesbah Jiwaji
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - Shirley Parker-Nance
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
- South African Environmental Observation Network, Elwandle Node, Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus, Summerstrand, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa.
| | - Rui W M Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - Kerry L McPhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, OR, USA.
| | - Rosemary A Dorrington
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nijampatnam B, Dutta S, Velu SE. Recent advances in isolation, synthesis, and evaluation of bioactivities of bispyrroloquinone alkaloids of marine origin. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:561-77. [PMID: 26253489 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ocean continues to provide a plethora of unique scaffolds capable of remarkable biological applications. A large number of pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids, including discorhabdins, epinardins, batzellines, makaluvamines, and veiutamine, have been isolated from various marine organisms. A class of pyrroloiminoquinone-related alkaloids, known as bispyrroloquinones, is the focus of this review article. This family of marine alkaloids, which contain an aryl substituted bispyrroloquinone ring system, includes three subclasses of alkaloids namely, wakayin, tsitsikammamines A-B, and zyzzyanones A-D. Both wakayin and the tsitsikammamines contain a tetracyclic fused bispyrroloiminoquinone ring system, while zyzzyanones contain a fused tricyclic bispyrroloquinone ring system. The unique chemical structures of these marine natural products and their diverse biological properties, including antifungal and antimicrobial activity, as well as the potent, albeit generally nonspecific and universal cytotoxicities, have attracted great interest of synthetic chemists over the past three decades. Tsitsikammamines, wakayin, and several of their analogs show inhibition of topoisomerases. One additional possible mechanism of anticancer activity of tsitsikammamines analogs that has been discovered recently is through the inhibition of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, an enzyme involved in tumoral immune resistance. This review discusses the isolation, synthesis, and evaluation of bioactivities of bispyrroloquinone alkaloids and their analogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shilpa Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E Velu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang W, Nijampatnam B, Velu SE, Zhang R. Discovery and development of synthetic tricyclic pyrroloquinone (TPQ) alkaloid analogs for human cancer therapy. Front Chem Sci Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-016-1562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
10
|
Milne BF, Norman P. Resonant-Convergent PCM Response Theory for the Calculation of Second Harmonic Generation in Makaluvamines A–V: Pyrroloiminoquinone Marine Natural Products from Poriferans of Genus Zyzzya. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:5368-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5102362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce F. Milne
- Nano-Bio
Spectroscopy Group and ETSF Scientific Development Centre, Department
of Materials Physics, University of the Basque Country, CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC and DIPC, Avenida de Tolosa 72, E-20018 Donostia, Spain
- Centre
for Computational Physics, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrick Norman
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gupta AP, Pandotra P, Kushwaha M, Khan S, Sharma R, Gupta S. Alkaloids: A Source of Anticancer Agents from Nature. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63462-7.00009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
12
|
LaBarbera DV, Skibo EB. The Synthesis of Vinylogous Amidine Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11887-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401927n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V. LaBarbera
- The
Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Edward B. Skibo
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Zyzzyanones A-D is a group of biologically active marine alkaloids isolated from Australian marine sponge Zyzzya fuliginosa. They contain a unique bispyrroloquinone ring system as the core structure. The first total synthesis of all four zyzzyanones is described here. The synthesis of these alkaloids started from a previously known 6-benzylamino indole-4,7-quinone derivative and involves 6-7 steps. The key step in the synthesis involves the construction of a pyrrole ring in one step using a Mn(OAc)3 mediated oxidative free radical cyclization reaction of a 6-benzylamino indole-4,7-quinone derivative with 4-benzyloxyphenyl acetaldehyde diethyl acetal in CH3CN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwayaja H Nadkarni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oshiyama T, Satoh T, Okano K, Tokuyama H. Total synthesis of makaluvamine A/D, damirone B, batzelline C, makaluvone, and isobatzelline C featuring one-pot benzyne-mediated cyclization–functionalization. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
15
|
Davis RA, Buchanan MS, Duffy S, Avery VM, Charman SA, Charman WN, White KL, Shackleford DM, Edstein MD, Andrews KT, Camp D, Quinn RJ. Antimalarial Activity of Pyrroloiminoquinones from the Australian Marine Sponge Zyzzya sp. J Med Chem 2012; 55:5851-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jm3002795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan A. Davis
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | | | - Sandra Duffy
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Vicky M. Avery
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Susan A. Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC
3052, Australia
| | - William N. Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC
3052, Australia
| | - Karen L. White
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC
3052, Australia
| | - David M. Shackleford
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC
3052, Australia
| | | | | | - David Camp
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Ronald J. Quinn
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Recent reports on the synthetic studies of marine pyrroloiminoquinone alakloids and their analogs are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kita
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Abstract
Once considered to be isolation artifacts or chemical "mistakes" of nature, the number of naturally occurring organohalogen compounds has grown from a dozen in 1954 to >5000 today. Of these, at least 25% are halogenated alkaloids. This is not surprising since nitrogen-containing pyrroles, indoles, carbolines, tryptamines, tyrosines, and tyramines are excellent platforms for biohalogenation, particularly in the marine environment where both chloride and bromide are plentiful for biooxidation and subsequent incorporation into these electron-rich substrates. This review presents the occurrence of all halogenated alkaloids, with the exception of marine bromotyrosines where coverage begins where it left off in volume 61 of The Alkaloids. Whereas the biological activity of these extraordinary compounds is briefly cited for some examples, a future volume of The Alkaloids will present full coverage of this topic and will also include selected syntheses of halogenated alkaloids. Natural organohalogens of all types, especially marine and terrestrial halogenated alkaloids, comprise a rapidly expanding class of natural products, in many cases expressing powerful biological activity. This enormous proliferation has several origins: (1) a revitalization of natural product research in a search for new drugs, (2) improved compound characterization methods (multidimensional NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry), (3) specific enzyme-based and other biological assays, (4) sophisticated collection methods (SCUBA and remote submersibles for deep ocean marine collections), (5) new separation and purification techniques (HPLC and countercurrent separation), (6) a greater appreciation of traditional folk medicine and ethobotany, and (7) marine bacteria and fungi as novel sources of natural products. Halogenated alkaloids are truly omnipresent in the environment. Indeed, one compound, Q1 (234), is ubiquitous in the marine food web and is found in the Inuit from their diet of whale blubber. Given the fact that of the 500,000 estimated marine organisms--which are the source of most halogenated alkaloids--only a small percentage have been investigated for their chemical content, it is certain that myriad new halogenated alkaloids are awaiting discovery. For example, it is estimated that nearly 4000 species of bryozoans have not been examined for their chemical content. The few species that have been studied contain some extraordinary halogenated alkaloids, such as hinckdentine A (610) and the chartellines (611-613). Of the estimated 1.5 million species of fungi, secondary metabolites have been characterized from only 5000 species. The future seems bright for the collector of halogenated alkaloids!
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Gribble
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hu JF, Fan H, Xiong J, Wu SB. Discorhabdins and Pyrroloiminoquinone-Related Alkaloids. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5465-91. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100435g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Hu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Department of Natural Products for Chemical Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, No. 3663 Zhongshan Road N, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shi-Biao Wu
- Department of Natural Products for Chemical Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, No. 3663 Zhongshan Road N, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen T, Xu Y, Guo H, Liu Y, Hu P, Yang X, Li X, Ge S, Velu SE, Nadkarni DH, Wang W, Zhang R, Wang H. Experimental therapy of ovarian cancer with synthetic makaluvamine analog: in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity and molecular mechanisms of action. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20729. [PMID: 21673964 PMCID: PMC3108973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the biological effects of novel marine alkaloid analog 7-(4-fluorobenzylamino)-1,3,4,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one (FBA-TPQ) on human ovarian cancer cells for its anti-tumor potential and the underlying mechanisms as a novel chemotherapeutic agent. Human ovarian cancer cells (A2780 and OVCAR-3), and Immortalized non-tumorigenic human Ovarian Surface Epithelial cells (IOSE-144), were exposed to FBA-TPQ for initial cytotoxicity evaluation (via MTS assay kit, Promega). The detailed in-vitro (cell level) and in-vivo (animal model) studies on the antitumor effects and possible underlying mechanisms of action of the compounds were then performed. FBA-TPQ exerted potent cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer A2780 and OVCAR-3 cells as an effective inhibitor of cell growth and proliferation, while exerting lesser effects on non-tumorigenic IOSE-144 cells. Further study in the more sensitive OVCAR-3 cell line showed that it could potently induce cell apoptosis (Annexin V-FITC assay), G2/M cell cycle arrest (PI staining analysis) and also dose-dependently inhibit OVCAR-3 xenograft tumors' growth on female athymic nude mice (BALB/c, nu/nu). Mechanistic studies (both in vitro and in vivo) revealed that FBA-TPQ might exert its activity through Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-associated activation of the death receptor, p53-MDM2, and PI3K-Akt pathways in OVCAR-3 cells, which is in accordance with in vitro microarray (Human genome microarrays, Agilent) data analysis (GEO accession number: GSE25317). In conclusion, FBA-TPQ exhibits significant anticancer activity against ovarian cancer cells, with minimal toxicity to non-tumorigenic human IOSE-144 cells, indicating that it may be a potential therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - He Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichao Ge
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sadanandan E. Velu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Dwayaja H. Nadkarni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wada Y, Harayama Y, Kamimura D, Yoshida M, Shibata T, Fujiwara K, Morimoto K, Fujioka H, Kita Y. The synthetic and biological studies of discorhabdins and related compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:4959-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05058c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
22
|
Wada Y, Fujioka H, Kita Y. Synthesis of the marine pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids, discorhabdins. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:1394-416. [PMID: 20479983 PMCID: PMC2866491 DOI: 10.3390/md8041394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many natural products with biologically interesting structures have been isolated from marine animals and plants such as sponges, corals, worms, etc. Some of them are discorhabdin alkaloids. The discorhabdin alkaloids (discorhabdin A-X), isolated from marine sponges, have a unique structure with azacarbocyclic spirocyclohexanone and pyrroloiminoquinone units. Due to their prominent potent antitumor activity, discorhabdins have attracted considerable attention. Many studies have been reported toward the synthesis of discorhabdins. We have accomplished the first total synthesis of discorhabdin A (1), having the strongest activity in vitro among discorhabdins in 2003. In 2009, we have also accomplished the first total synthesis of prianosin B (2), having the 16,17-dehydropyrroloiminoquinone moiety, by a novel dehydrogenation reaction with a catalytic amount of NaN(3). These synthetic studies, as well as syntheses of the discorhabdins by various chemists to-date, are reviewed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Wada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Fujioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails:
(H.F.);
(Y.K.); Tel.: +81 6 6879 8225; Fax: +81 6 6879 8229
| | - Yasuyuki Kita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
- * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails:
(H.F.);
(Y.K.); Tel.: +81 6 6879 8225; Fax: +81 6 6879 8229
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jeon JE, Na Z, Jung M, Lee HS, Sim CJ, Nahm K, Oh KB, Shin J. Discorhabdins from the Korean marine sponge Sceptrella sp. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:258-262. [PMID: 20055495 DOI: 10.1021/np9005629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Two new pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids of the discorhabdin class, along with 12 compounds including one previously described synthetic derivative of the same and related skeletal classes, were isolated from the sponge Sceptrella sp., collected from Gageodo, Korea. The structures of these new compounds, designated as (-)-3-dihydrodiscorhabdin D (11) and (-)-discorhabdin Z (12), were determined by combined spectroscopic analyses. Compound 12 possesses an unusual hemiaminal group among the discorhabdin alkaloids. These compounds exhibited moderate to significant cytotoxicity, antibacterial activity, and inhibitory activity against sortase A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Eun Jeon
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim, Gwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nadkarni DH, Wang F, Wang W, Rayburn ER, Ezell SJ, Murugesan S, Velu SE, Zhang R. Synthesis and in vitro anti-lung cancer activity of novel 1, 3, 4, 8-tetrahydropyrrolo [4, 3, 2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one alkaloid analogs. Med Chem 2009; 5:227-36. [PMID: 19442212 DOI: 10.2174/157340609788185873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The high mortality rate and lack of effective therapies make lung cancer an ideal target for novel therapeutic agents. The present study was designed to implement a novel chemical synthesis pathway and to determine the biological activities of synthetic makaluvamine analogs in human lung cancer. Seventeen compounds were synthesized and purified, and their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical constants and NMR spectra. Their in vitro activity was determined in human lung cancer cell lines. Based on initial screens, compound Ic was found to be the most potent, and was therefore used as a model for further studies in lung cancer cells. Ic induced both apoptosis and S-phase cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, it activated p53 and induced cleavage of PARP and caspases 8 and 9. Our preclinical data indicate that the makaluvamine analogs are potential therapeutic agents against lung cancer, providing a basis for further development of Ic (and perhaps other analogs) as a novel anti-cancer agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwayaja H Nadkarni
- 1Department of Chemistry, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Murugesan S, Nadkarni DH, Velu SE. A facile synthesis of bispyrroloquinone and bispyrroloiminoquinone ring system of marine alkaloids. Tetrahedron Lett 2009; 50:3074-3076. [PMID: 25698845 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bispyrroloquinone and bispyrroloiminoquinone are two important polycyclic ring systems present in biologically active marine alkaloids such as Zyzzyanones, tsitsikammamines and wakayin. A facile synthesis of these two ring systems starting from a 6-benzylamino indole-4,7-quinone or 6-benzylamino pyrroloiminoquinone is described here. This chemistry involves the construction of a pyrrole ring in a single step by treatment of the starting reagents with ethyl acetoacetate or phenylbutane-1,3-dione in the presence of ceric ammonium nitrate in MeOH/CH2Cl2 solvent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Murugesan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Dwayaja H Nadkarni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E Velu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of benzyl and phenethyl analogs of makaluvamines. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 16:2541-9. [PMID: 18093835 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2007] [Revised: 11/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Analogs of marine alkaloid, makaluvamine, bearing substituted benzyl and substituted phenethyl side chains have been synthesized and their antiproliferative activities have been evaluated. 4-Methyl, 4-chloro, and 4-fluoro substituted benzyl analogs possessed pronounced antiproliferative effects on the breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 at IC(50) values of 2.3 microM, 1.8 microM, and 2.8 microM, respectively. 4-Methyl, 4-chloro, and 3,4-methylenedioxy derivatives showed the best activity against MCF-7 among the phenethyl analogs with IC(50) values of 2.3 microM, 2.8 microM, and 2.4muM, respectively. In general, methoxy substitutions resulted in slight loss in activity in both benzyl and phenethyl series. Benzyl, 4-fluorobenzyl, 3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl, and 3,4-methylenedioxyphenethyl analogs were tested by NCI in their 60 cell lines in vitro human cancer cell screen. All four compounds showed excellent inhibition against several tested cancer cell lines. Benzyl and 4-fluorobenzyl analogs were relatively more active than 3,4-dimethoxy phenethyl and 3,4-methylenedioxy phenethyl analogs. In NCI assays, the best LogGI(50) values were shown by the fluorobenzyl analog against the renal cancer cell line RXF-393 (<-8.0M) and dimethoxy phenethyl analog against the CNS cancer cell line, SF-268 (<-8.0M). The best LogLC(50) value was shown by the fluorobenzyl analog against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 (-6.01 M).
Collapse
|
27
|
Hoang H, LaBarbera DV, Mohammed KA, Ireland CM, Skibo EB. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Imidazoquinoxalinones, Imidazole Analogues of Pyrroloiminoquinone Marine Natural Products. J Med Chem 2007; 50:4561-71. [PMID: 17705462 DOI: 10.1021/jm0700870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the synthesis and biological activity of imidazoquinoxalines, benzimidazole-based analogues of indole-based pyrroloiminoquinone marine natural products. Our analogues consist of series 1, which possesses the ethylene tether and extended amidine feature found in the pyrroloiminoquinone natural products, and series 2, which also has the ethylene tether but with an electrostatically stabilized iminoquinone rather than a resonance stabilized iminoquinone (i.e., extended amidine). The biological properties of series 1 analogues, bearing electron-rich side chain rings (indole and phenol), display cytostatic and cytotoxic properties similar to that of the pyrroloiminoquinone natural products. In contrast, COMPARE analysis suggests that analogues bearing benzyl and phenethyl side chains possess a different cytotoxicity mechanism. Hollow fiber assays of analogs of 1 indicate promising antitumor activity and acceptable levels of toxicity. One analogue of 2 is active only against breast cancer cell lines, but the cellular target is as yet unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung Hoang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Shinkre BA, Raisch KP, Fan L, Velu SE. Analogs of the marine alkaloid makaluvamines: synthesis, topoisomerase II inhibition, and anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:2890-3. [PMID: 17368022 PMCID: PMC2706148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2006] [Revised: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Twelve analogs of makaluvamines have been synthesized. These compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the enzyme topoisomerase II. Five compounds were shown to inhibit topoisomerase catalytic activity comparable to two known topoisomerase II targeting control drugs, etoposide and m-AMSA. Their cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cell line HCT-116 and human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 has been evaluated. Four makaluvamine analogs exhibited better IC(50) values against HCT-116 as compared to control drug etoposide. One analog exhibited better IC(50) value against HCT-116 as compared to m-AMSA. All 12 of the makaluvamine analogs exhibited better IC(50) values against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 as compared to etoposide as well as m-AMSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan A. Shinkre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Kevin P. Raisch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1824 6 Ave South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Liming Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1824 6 Ave South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E. Velu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nakao Y, Fusetani N. Enzyme inhibitors from marine invertebrates. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2007; 70:689-710. [PMID: 17362037 DOI: 10.1021/np060600x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Marine invertebrates are rich sources of small molecules with unique chemical skeletons and potent bioactivities. Historically, such compounds were discovered mainly through the use of assays for phenotype-oriented activities, such as cytotoxicity or antimicrobial effects. More recently, target-oriented searches for bioactive substances, as exemplified by enzyme inhibitors, have become much more common, given a growing need for small-molecule inhibitors essential for studies of complex processes at the interface of chemistry and biology. In this review, selected enzyme inhibitors from marine invertebrates are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Nakao
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Utkina NK, Makarchenko AE, Denisenko VA. Zyzzyanones B-D, dipyrroloquinones from the marine sponge Zyzzya fuliginosa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2005; 68:1424-7. [PMID: 16180829 DOI: 10.1021/np050154y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Zyzzyanones B, C, and D (2-4), three new dipyrroloquinones with a pyrrolo[3,2-f]indole-4,8(1H,7H)-dione skeleton, have been isolated from the Australian marine sponge Zyzzya fuliginosa. The known zyzzyanone A, makaluvamines C, E, G, H, and L, damirones A and B, 3,7-dimethylguanine, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid were also isolated. The structures of the new compounds 2-4 were established by extensive NMR spectroscopic data. Compounds 2-4 showed moderate cytotoxic activity against mouse Ehrlich carcinoma cells (IC50 25 microg/mL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia K Utkina
- Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dembitsky VM, Rezanka T, Spízek J, Hanus LO. Secondary metabolites of slime molds (myxomycetes). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2005; 66:747-769. [PMID: 15797602 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2005] [Revised: 02/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The compounds reported from the slime molds (myxomycetes) species are described. Almost 100 natural compounds including their chemical structures and biological activities are described in this review article. Only metabolites with a well-defined structure are included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Hebrew University, P.O. Box 39231, Jerusalem 91391, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nakatani S, Kiyota M, Matsumoto J, Ishibashi M. Pyrroloiminoquinone pigments from Didymium iridis. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2004.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
34
|
Antunes EM, Copp BR, Davies-Coleman MT, Samaai T. Pyrroloiminoquinone and related metabolites from marine sponges. Nat Prod Rep 2005; 22:62-72. [PMID: 15692617 DOI: 10.1039/b407299p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the structure, biological activity, biosynthetic studies and, where applicable, references to syntheses of 81 marine alkaloids containing either tetra-, hexa- or octa-hydrogenated variants of pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline, pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]pyrrolo[2,3-h]quinoline and pyrido[2,3-h]pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline core skeletons. The literature describing the isolation of pyrroloiminoquinones, and related metabolites, from marine sponges is littered with taxonomic inconsistencies and recent efforts to clarify the taxonomy of the sponges that produce this group of metabolites are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edith M Antunes
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Keyzers RA, Samaai T, Davies-Coleman MT. Novel pyrroloquinoline ribosides from the South African latrunculid sponge Strongylodesma aliwaliensis. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
36
|
Antunes EM, Beukes DR, Kelly M, Samaai T, Barrows LR, Marshall KM, Sincich C, Davies-Coleman MT. Cytotoxic pyrroloiminoquinones from four new species of South African latrunculid sponges. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2004; 67:1268-1276. [PMID: 15332840 DOI: 10.1021/np034084b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An examination of organic extracts of four new species of South African latrunculid sponges, Tsitsikamma pedunculata, T. favus, Latrunculia bellae, and Strongylodesma algoaensis, yielded 13 known and eight new pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids, 3-dihydro-7,8-dehydrodiscorhabdin C (4), 14-bromo-3-dihydro-7,8-dehydrodiscorhabdin C (5), discorhabdin V (6), 14-bromo-1-hydroxydiscorhabdin V (7), tsitsikammamine A N-18 oxime (10), tsitsikammamine B N-18 oxime (11), 1-methoxydiscorhabdin D (12), and 1-aminodiscorhabdin D (13). Standard spectroscopic methods provided the structures of the pyrroloiminoquinone metabolites, while chiral GC-MS analysis of the acylated ozonolysis products of 21 confirmed the stereochemistry of the l-histidine residue in this compound. The anticancer activity of 20 pyrroloiminoquinone compounds was explored in the HCT-116 cancer cell line screen, and the DNA intercalation of the tsitsikammamines, together with their ability to cleave DNA through topoisomerase I inhibition, is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edith M Antunes
- Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gunasekera SP, Zuleta IA, Longley RE, Wright AE, Pomponi SA. Discorhabdins S, T, and U, new cytotoxic pyrroloiminoquinones from a deep-water Caribbean sponge of the genus Batzella. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2003; 66:1615-1617. [PMID: 14695808 DOI: 10.1021/np030292s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Discorhabdins S, T, and U (1-3), three new discorhabdin analogues, have been isolated from a deep-water marine sponge of the genus Batzella. These discorhabdin analogues showed in vitro cytotoxicity against PANC-1, P-388, and A-549 cell lines. The isolation and structure elucidation of discorhabdins S, T, and U are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarath P Gunasekera
- Division of Biomedical Marine Research, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, 5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chang LC, Otero-Quintero S, Hooper JNA, Bewley CA. Batzelline D and isobatzelline E from the indopacific sponge Zyzzya fuliginosa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2002; 65:776-778. [PMID: 12027767 DOI: 10.1021/np010581l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two new pyrroloquinoline alkaloids, isobatzelline E (1) and batzelline D (2), together with the known compounds batzelline C (3), isobatzelline C (4), and makaluvamine D (5), were isolated from an Indopacific collection of the marine sponge Zyzzya fuliginosa; the known compounds makaluvamines A (9), H (10), J (7), K (8), and P (6) were obtained from Z. fuliginosa collected in Papua New Guinea. The structures were elucidated by interpretation of 1D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra and 2D HSQC and HSQC-LR spectra. Compounds 1-10 were isolated because the crude extracts of both Zyzzya species inhibited HIV-1 envelope-mediated cell fusion. However, the inhibition profile observed for the pure compounds 1-10 mirrors that reported for the inhibition of topoisomerase II by other pyrroloquinolines, leaving open the possibility that the activity results from interactions with DNA-modifying enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leng Chee Chang
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0820, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hu JF, Schetz JA, Kelly M, Peng JN, Ang KKH, Flotow H, Leong CY, Ng SB, Buss AD, Wilkins SP, Hamann MT. New antiinfective and human 5-HT2 receptor binding natural and semisynthetic compounds from the Jamaican sponge Smenospongia aurea. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2002; 65:476-480. [PMID: 11975483 DOI: 10.1021/np010471e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the sesquiterpene-phenol aureols (1), 6'-chloroaureol (2), and aureol acetate (3), eight indole alkaloids including the new N-3'-ethylaplysinopsin (9) have been isolated from the Jamaican sponge Smenospongia aurea. Makaluvamine O (10), a new member of the pyrroloiminoquinone class, was also isolated. The structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods, and two new derivatives of aureol were prepared to optimize the biological activity. Aureol N,N-dimethyl thiocarbamate (1a) and 6-bromoaplysinopsin (7) exhibit significant antimalarial and antimycobacterial activity in vitro. Compound 6 showed activity against the Plasmodium enzyme plasmepsin II. The 6-bromo-2'-de-N-methylaplysinopsin (6), 6-bromoaplysinopsin (7), and N-3'-ethylaplysinopsin (9) displaced high-affinity [(3)H]antagonist ligands from cloned human serotonin 5-HT(2) receptor subtypes, whereas the other compounds tested did not. Remarkably, the 6-bromo-2'-de-N-methylaplysinopsin (6) showed a > 40-fold selectivity for the 5-HT(2C) subtype over the 5-HT(2A) subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Hu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Casapullo A, Cutignano A, Bruno I, Bifulco G, Debitus C, Gomez-Paloma L, Riccio R. Makaluvamine P, a new cytotoxic pyrroloiminoquinone from Zyzzya cf. fuliginosa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2001; 64:1354-1356. [PMID: 11678667 DOI: 10.1021/np010053+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloid (1) belonging to the makaluvamine family has been isolated from the sponge Zyzzya cf. fuliginosa collected in the waters off the Vanuatu Islands. The compound, designated makulavamine P, was characterized on the basis of its spectral data and displayed cytoxicity in the microM range on KB cells and antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Casapullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Laus G. Biological activities of natural halogen compounds. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS (PART F) 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(01)80022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
42
|
Ford J, Capon RJ. Discorhabdin R: a new antibacterial pyrroloiminoquinone from two latrunculiid marine sponges, Latrunculia sp. and Negombata sp. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2000; 63:1527-1528. [PMID: 11087598 DOI: 10.1021/np000220q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two sponges belonging to the family Latrunculiidae (Negombata and Latrunculia sp.) collected during scientific trawling operations in Prydz Bay, Antarctica, and by scuba off Port Campbell, Victoria, have yielded a new antibacterial pyrroloiminoquinone, discorhabdin R (2). The structure was assigned as 2 on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the known co-metabolite discorhabdin B (3).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ford
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Schulz WG, Skibo EB. Inhibitors of topoisomerase II based on the benzodiimidazole and dipyrroloimidazobenzimidazole ring systems: controlling DT-diaphorase reductive inactivation with steric bulk. J Med Chem 2000; 43:629-38. [PMID: 10691689 DOI: 10.1021/jm990210q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Described herein are the synthesis, cytotoxic properties, and topoisomerase II inhibition assays of benzodiimidazole and dipyrroloimidazobenzimidazole structural variants of the pyrrolo[1, 2-a]benzimidazole or APBI ring system. These ring variants were designed to inhibit topoisomerase II, much as the APBIs are able to do. Since only the quinone form of the APBIs can intercalate DNA, two-electron reduction to the hydroquinone by DT-diaphorase is known to deactivate these compounds. Indeed, the APBIs possess a high inverse correlation with the cellular concentration of DT-diaphorase. Therefore one feature of the ABPI structural variants is the excessive bulk about the quinone ring, which was predicted to diminish DT-diaphorase substrate activity. Another feature is the presence of one or two alkylating centers, which would permit alkylation of DNA and/or topoisomerase II. Inhibition assays for topoisomerase II-mediated relaxation of supercoiled DNA indicate that the benzodiimidazole and dipyrroloimidazobenzimidazole quinone ring systems are catalytic inhibitors of topoisomerase II. Both quinone systems exhibit cytotoxicity perhaps due to the lack of inactivation by DT-diaphorase as well as topoisomerase II inhibition. One quinone displayed the novel feature of cytotoxicity selectively against melanoma cell lines. In conclusion, the benzodiimidazole and dipyrroloimidazobenzimidazole quinone ring systems will be subjected to future analogue development and structure-activity studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W G Schulz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Le Quesne PW, Dong Y, Blythe TA. Recent Research on Pyrrole Alkaloids. ALKALOIDS: CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-8210(99)80026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|