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Hartner E, Gawlitta N, Gröger T, Orasche J, Czech H, Geldenhuys GL, Jakobi G, Tiitta P, Yli-Pirilä P, Kortelainen M, Sippula O, Forbes P, Zimmermann R. Chemical Fingerprinting of Biomass Burning Organic Aerosols from Sugar Cane Combustion: Complementary Findings from Field and Laboratory Studies. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2024; 8:533-546. [PMID: 38533192 PMCID: PMC10961841 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural fires are a major source of biomass-burning organic aerosols (BBOAs) with impacts on health, the environment, and climate. In this study, globally relevant BBOA emissions from the combustion of sugar cane in both field and laboratory experiments were analyzed using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The derived chemical fingerprints of fresh emissions were evaluated using targeted and nontargeted evaluation approaches. The open-field sugar cane burning experiments revealed the high chemical complexity of combustion emissions, including compounds derived from the pyrolysis of (hemi)cellulose, lignin, and further biomass, such as pyridine and oxime derivatives, methoxyphenols, and methoxybenzenes, as well as triterpenoids. In comparison, laboratory experiments could only partially model the complexity of real combustion events. Our results showed high variability between the conducted field and laboratory experiments, which we, among others, discuss in terms of differences in combustion conditions, fuel composition, and atmospheric processing. We conclude that both field and laboratory studies have their merits and should be applied complementarily. While field studies under real-world conditions are essential to assess the general impact on air quality, climate, and environment, laboratory studies are better suited to investigate specific emissions of different biomass types under controlled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Hartner
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics
(CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 27, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Nadine Gawlitta
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics
(CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Gröger
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics
(CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Orasche
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics
(CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hendryk Czech
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics
(CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 27, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Genna-Leigh Geldenhuys
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Gert Jakobi
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics
(CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Petri Tiitta
- Atmospheric
Research Centre of Eastern Finland, Finnish
Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Yli-Pirilä
- Department
of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta
1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miika Kortelainen
- Department
of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta
1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Sippula
- Department
of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta
1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Patricia Forbes
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics
(CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 27, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
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Medicinal Plants in Peru as a Source of Immunomodulatory Drugs Potentially Useful Against COVID-19. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2023; 33:237-258. [PMID: 36855527 PMCID: PMC9948797 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-023-00367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic, characterized by a highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome, led us to look for medicinal plants as an alternative to obtain new drugs, especially those with immunomodulatory abilities, capable of acting against the pulmonary infection caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite medical advances with COVID-19 drugs and vaccines, plant-based compounds could provide an array of suitable candidates to test against this virus, or at the very least, to alleviate some symptoms. Therefore, this review explores some plants widely used in Peru that show immunomodulatory properties or, even more, contain phytoconstituents potentially useful to prevent or alleviate the COVID-19 infection. More interestingly, the present review highlights relevant information from those plants to support the development of new drugs to boost the immune system. We used three criteria to choose nine vegetal species, and a descriptive search was then conducted from 1978 to 2021 on different databases, using keywords focused on the immune system that included information such as pharmacological properties, phytochemical, botanical, ethnobotanical uses, and some clinical trials. From these literature data, our results displayed considerable immunomodulation activity along with anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and antitumoral activities. Noticeably, these pharmacological activities are related with a wide variety of bioactive phytoconstituents (mixtures or isolated compounds) which may be beneficial in modulating the overt inflammatory response in severe COVID-19. Further scientific research on the pharmacological activities and clinical utilization of these potential plants are warranted. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43450-023-00367-w.
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Camargo KC, de Aguilar MG, Moraes ARA, de Castro RG, Szczerbowski D, Miguel ELM, Oliveira LR, Sousa GF, Vidal DM, Duarte LP. Pentacyclic Triterpenoids Isolated from Celastraceae: A Focus in the 13C-NMR Data. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030959. [PMID: 35164224 PMCID: PMC8838773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Celastraceae family comprises about 96 genera and more than 1.350 species, occurring mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The species of this family stand out as important plant sources of triterpenes, both in terms of abundance and structural diversity. Triterpenoids found in Celastraceae species display mainly lupane, ursane, oleanane, and friedelane skeletons, exhibiting a wide range of biological activities such as antiviral, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic against various tumor cell lines. This review aimed to document all triterpenes isolated from different botanical parts of species of the Celastraceae family covering 2001 to 2021. Furthermore, a compilation of their 13C-NMR data was carried out to help characterize compounds in future investigations. A total of 504 pentacyclic triterpenes were compiled and distinguished as 29 aromatic, 50 dimers, 103 friedelanes, 89 lupanes, 102 oleananes, 22 quinonemethides, 88 ursanes and 21 classified as others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Grasiely Faria Sousa
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
| | - Diogo Montes Vidal
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
| | - Lucienir Pains Duarte
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
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Huang YY, Chen L, Ma GX, Xu XD, Jia XG, Deng FS, Li XJ, Yuan JQ. A Review on Phytochemicals of the Genus Maytenus and Their Bioactive Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:4563. [PMID: 34361712 PMCID: PMC8347511 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Maytenus is a member of the Celastraceae family, of which several species have long been used in traditional medicine. Between 1976 and 2021, nearly 270 new compounds have been isolated and elucidated from the genus Maytenus. Among these, maytansine and its homologues are extremely rare in nature. Owing to its unique skeleton and remarkable bioactivities, maytansine has attracted many synthetic endeavors in order to construct its core structure. In this paper, the current status of the past 45 years of research on Maytenus, with respect to its chemical and biological activities are discussed. The chemical research includes its structural classification into triterpenoids, sesquiterpenes and alkaloids, along with several chemical synthesis methods of maytansine or maytansine fragments. The biological activity research includes activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as HIV inhibition, which can provide a theoretical basis for the better development and utilization of the Maytenus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Huang
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Research Department of Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China;
| | - Guo-Xu Ma
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (G.-X.M.); (X.-D.X.)
| | - Xu-Dong Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (G.-X.M.); (X.-D.X.)
| | - Xue-Gong Jia
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
| | - Fu-Sheng Deng
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
| | - Xue-Jian Li
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
| | - Jing-Quan Yuan
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
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5
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Wang D, Liu B, Ma Z, Feng J, Yan H. Reticine A, a new potent natural elicitor: isolation from the fruit peel of Citrus reticulate and induction of systemic resistance against tobacco mosaic virus and other plant fungal diseases. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:354-364. [PMID: 32741113 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) induced by elicitors is a highly satisfying form of resistance that protects plants against invading pathogens. Exploration and development of new elicitors is a promising alternative to conventional biocides in resistant pest management. In our previous broad screening, fruit peel extract of Citrus reticulata Blanco exhibited the ability to induce SAR in tobacco. RESULT A new potent elicitor reticine A was isolated from the fruit peel extract of industrial crop C. reticulate and its structure was well elucidated. In vivo assays showed that reticine A had considerable control efficacies at 100 and 500 μg mL-1 , being superior to commercial elicitor benzothiadiazole (BTH) (100 μg mL-1 ). Reticine A had no significant impact on the virulence of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles under in vitro conditions. Application of reticine A induced a local hypersensitive reaction (HR), systemic accumulation of H2 O2 and salicylic acid (SA), systemic increase in defensive enzyme activities and systemic upregulated expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, suggesting its induction of SAR in tobacco. The expression of NPR1 and SA biosynthesis genes ICS and PAL were systemically upregulated. CONCLUSION SAR induced by reticine A against TMV in tobacco was demonstrated and the mechanism might be attributed to activating the expression of several defensive genes mediated by an SA signal. This study highlights the potential of reticine A which is recommended to be applied directly or as an active ingredient in the crude extract formulation ahead of time in the field, as well as being a potential lead compound for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of pharmaceutical engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Juntao Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - He Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Engineering and Technology Centers of Biopesticide in Shaanxi, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Malaník M, Treml J, Rjašková V, Tížková K, Kaucká P, Kokoška L, Kubatka P, Šmejkal K. Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.: Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122288. [PMID: 31226757 PMCID: PMC6630539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Maytenus macrocarpa (Celastraceae) is a tree native to Amazonia. Its roots, leaves, bark, and combinations of these are used in traditional medicine mainly to treat rheumatism and, to a lesser extent, to heal wounds and to combat bronchitis and diarrhea. To date, mainly triterpenes and dihydro-β-agarofuran sesquiterpenes were isolated from M. macrocarpa. Extracts and selected pure compounds isolated from the leaves, roots, and stem bark showed antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities in vitro. The aim of this review is to summarize the available ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological information about this traditional Amazonian medicinal tree, as well as to attract the attention of phytochemists and pharmacognosists to this potentially interesting source of ethnopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Malaník
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Treml
- Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Rjašková
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Karolina Tížková
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Kaucká
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ladislav Kokoška
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
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7
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Piacente S, Santos LCD, Mahmood N, Pizza C. Triterpenes from Maytenus macrocarpa and Evaluation of Their Anti-HIV Activity. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0600101201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of pentacyclic triterpenes has been isolated from the bark of Maytenus macrocarpa (Celastraceae). It includes two new olean-12-ene derivatives, namely 3β, 22α-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-30-oic acid (1) and 22α-hydroxy-olean-12-en-3-oxo-30-oic acid (2), and the new urs-12-ene derivative 3-(E)-coumaroyluvaol (7), along with 10 known compounds possessing olean-12-ene, urs-12-ene, lupane and friedelane skeletons. The structures have been elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments, as well as ESI-MS analysis. All isolated compounds were tested for anti-HIV activity in C8166 cells infected with HIV-1MN. The most active compound was 22α-hydroxy-12-en-3-oxo-29-oic acid (triterpenonic acid A, 4), with an EC50 value of 1 μg/mL and a selectivity index of 35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Piacente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Naheed Mahmood
- Retroscreen Ltd, Academic Virology, London Hospital, Whitechapel, 64 Turner Street, London E1 2AD, U.K
| | - Cosimo Pizza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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Kushwaha PS, Singh AK, Keshari AK, Maity S, Saha S. An Updated Review on the Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Clinical Trials of Salacia oblonga. Pharmacogn Rev 2016; 10:109-114. [PMID: 28082793 PMCID: PMC5214554 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.194046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salacia oblonga (S. oblonga), a perennial herb, has been used for thousands of years in ayurvedic medicine and is closely associated with prevention, treatment, and cure of various human ailments such as obesity and diabetes. A vast and wide range of chemical compounds such as polyphenols, friedelane-type triterpenes, norfriedelane-type triterpenes, eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes including various glycosides had been isolated from this plant. This review is aimed to survey the literature covering the phytochemistry and pharmacology of S. oblonga and to review the scientific data including active components and their multi-targeted mechanisms of action against various metabolic syndromes. We also included clinical trials related to this plant in this review. The overview would assist researchers to gather scientific information related to S. oblonga in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Singh Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit K Keshari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Siddhartha Maity
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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9
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Shan WG, Zhang LW, Xiang JG, Zhan ZJ. Natural Friedelanes. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:1392-434. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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10
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Ardiles AE, González-Rodríguez A, Núñez MJ, Perestelo NR, Pardo V, Jiménez IA, Valverde AM, Bazzocchi IL. Studies of naturally occurring friedelane triterpenoids as insulin sensitizers in the treatment type 2 diabetes mellitus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 84:116-24. [PMID: 22925829 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly expanding public epidemic and frequently results in severe vascular complications. In an attempt to find anti-diabetic agents, we report herein on the isolation, structural elucidation and bioactivity of nine friedelane-type triterpenes (1-9) and twenty two known ones (10-31) from the root barks of Celastrus vulcanicola and Maytenus jelskii. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Two compounds from this series (1 and 3) exhibited increased insulin-mediated signalling, which suggests these friedelane triterpenes have potential therapeutic use in insulin resistant states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro E Ardiles
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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11
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Sheng H, Sun H. Synthesis, biology and clinical significance of pentacyclic triterpenes: a multi-target approach to prevention and treatment of metabolic and vascular diseases. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:543-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c0np00059k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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12
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Oramas-Royo SM, Chávez H, Martín-Rodíguez P, Fernández-Pérez L, Ravelo AG, Estévez-Braun A. Cytotoxic triterpenoids from Maytenus retusa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:2029-34. [PMID: 21090801 DOI: 10.1021/np100517u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Seven new triterpenoids (1-7) and 36 known compounds were isolated from the root bark of Maytenus retusa. Their structures were determined by 1D and 2D spectroscopic studies. Several compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against the human tumor cell lines HL-60 and MCF-7. Some of them were cytotoxic, with IC(50) values ranging between 0.2 and 4.7 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Oramas-Royo
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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13
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Parveen M, Ghalib RM, Khanam Z, Mehdi SH, Ali M. A novel antimicrobial agent from the leaves ofPeltophorum vogelianum(Benth.). Nat Prod Res 2010; 24:1268-73. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410903387688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Rodríguez F, Perestelo N, Jiménez I, Bazzocchi I. Friedelanes fromCrossopetalum lobatum.A New Example of a Triterpene Anhydride. Helv Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200800252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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15
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Kloucek P, Svobodova B, Polesny Z, Langrova I, Smrcek S, Kokoska L. Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal barks used in Peruvian Amazon. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 111:427-9. [PMID: 17178202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2006] [Revised: 11/10/2006] [Accepted: 11/14/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of six barks traditionally used in Callería District (Ucayali Department, Peru) for treating conditions likely to be associated with microorganisms. Ethanol extracts of stem barks of Abuta grandifolia (Menispermaceae), Dipteryx micrantha (Leguminosae), Cordia alliodora (Boraginaceae), Naucleopsis glabra (Moraceae), Pterocarpus rohrii (Leguminosae), and root bark of Maytenus macrocarpa (Celastraceae) were tested against nine bacteria and one yeast using the broth microdilution method. All plants possessed significant antimicrobial effect, however, the extract of Naucleopsis glabra exhibited the strongest activity against Gram-positive bacteria (MICs ranging from 62.5 to 125 microg/ml), while the broadest spectrum of action was shown by the extract of Maytenus macrocarpa, which inhibited all the strains tested with MICs ranging from 125 to 250 microg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kloucek
- Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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16
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Torpocco V, Chávez H, Estévez-Braun A, Ravelo AG. New dammarane triterpenes from Maytenus macrocarpa. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:812-4. [PMID: 17473476 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two new dammarane triterpenes have been isolated from the stem bark exudates of Maytenus macrocarpa. Their structures were determined by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies as 24(Z)-3-oxodammara-20(21),24-dien-27-oic acid (1) and octa-nor-13-hydroxydammara-1-en-3,17-dione (2). These compounds were tested for antitumoral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Torpocco
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Avda, Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez No2, La Laguna, 38206 Tenerife, Spain
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17
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Alvarenga N, Ferro EA. Bioactive Triterpenes and Related Compounds from Celastraceae. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(06)80029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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18
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Duarte MR, Debur MC. Stem and leaf morphoanatomy of Maytenus ilicifolia. Fitoterapia 2005; 76:41-9. [PMID: 15664461 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2004.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2003] [Accepted: 10/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Maytenus ilicifolia is a woody medicinal plant, employed mainly for its antiulcerogenic properties. The stem and leaf morphoanatomy has been studied, aiming to supply knowledge for the pharmacognostic and taxonomic species identification. The vegetative material was fixed, freehand sectioned and stained according to usual microtechniques. The stem organization, in secondary growth, shows periderm beneath the remaining epidermis, conspicuous sclerenchymatic ring in the cortex and cambium forming phloem outside and xylem inside. The leaf is simple, alternate and lanceolate and has sparsely spiny teeth along the margin. Epidermal cells containing calcium oxalate crystals, thick cuticle that forms cuticular flanges, dorsiventral mesophyll and amphicrival bundle in the midrib and petiole are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Duarte
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua Pref, Lothário Meissner, 3400, CEP 80210170, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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19
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Alvarenga N, Ferro EA. Bioactive Triterpenes and Related Compounds from Celastraceae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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20
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Cheiloclines A–I. First examples of octacyclic sesquiterpene-triterpene hetero-Diels–Alder adducts. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Caballero-George C, Vanderheyden PML, Okamoto Y, Masaki T, Mbwambo Z, Apers S, Gupta MP, Pieters L, Vauquelin G, Vlietinck A. Evaluation of bioactive saponins and triterpenoidal aglycons for their binding properties on human endothelin ETA and angiotensin AT1 receptors. Phytother Res 2004; 18:729-36. [PMID: 15478202 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Different types of triterpenes including saponins and aglycons were evaluated for their ability to inhibit [3H] BQ-123 and [3H] angiotensin II binding to the human endothelin 1 ETA and angiotensin II AT1 receptors, respectively. Selectivity for only one of the two receptors was exhibited by asiatic acid and its saponins (ETA) and oleanolic acid (AT1). To a lesser extent betulinic acid, beta-amyrin and friedelin also showed selectivity for the ETA receptor. To address the question whether the effect of saponins on cell membranes might interfere with the normal binding of specific radioligands to their receptors, the activity of saponins with different haemolytic properties were compared. Highly haemolytic saponins such as alpha-hederin and beta-escine showed partial (60%) inhibition of radioligand-binding to the ETA receptor and complete inhibition (100%) to the AT1 receptor. Moreover, the haemolytically inactive kryptoescine, at the same concentration, caused complete inhibiton of radioligand-binding to both receptors, indicating that inhibition of receptor binding was not related to the membrane-interacting properties of saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Caballero-George
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Belgium
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22
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Graham JG, Quinn ML, Fabricant DS, Farnsworth NR. Plants used against cancer - an extension of the work of Jonathan Hartwell. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2000; 73:347-377. [PMID: 11090989 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A survey of plants used ethnomedically against cancer was undertaken, using the NAPRALERT database currently maintained by the Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois-Chicago. We report over 350 species which are reported to be used against cancer and not cited in the work of Jonathan Hartwell, "Plants used against cancer: a survey", including previously unrepresented genera and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Graham
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago IL 60612, USA
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