1
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Zhu Y, Wang X, Lu S, Zheng J, Liang Y, Zhang L, Fang P, Xu P, Yu B, Yang Y. Microwave-assisted synthesis of highly sulfated mannuronate glycans as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3986-3994. [PMID: 38695061 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00466c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Algae-based marine carbohydrate drugs are typically decorated with negative ion groups such as carboxylate and sulfate groups. However, the precise synthesis of highly sulfated alginates is challenging, thus impeding their structure-activity relationship studies. Herein we achieve a microwave-assisted synthesis of a range of highly sulfated mannuronate glycans with up to 17 sulfation sites by overcoming the incomplete sulfation due to the electrostatic repulsion of crowded polyanionic groups. Although the partially sulfated tetrasaccharide had the highest affinity for the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant, the fully sulfated octasaccharide showed the most potent interference with the binding of the RBD to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Vero E6 cells, indicating that the sulfated oligosaccharides might inhibit the RBD binding to ACE2 in a length-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Siqian Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jibin Zheng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Youling Liang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Pengfei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - You Yang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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2
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Kanaujiya VK, Tiwari V, Pattanaik K, Sabiah S, Kandasamy J. Synthesis of Glycouronamides by the Transamidation Approach at Room Temperature. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Varsha Tiwari
- IIT BHU: Indian Institute of Technology BHU Varanasi Chemistry INDIA
| | | | | | - Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Chemistry Varanasi 221005 Varanasi INDIA
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3
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Collis DWP, Yilmaz G, Yuan Y, Monaco A, Ochbaum G, Shi Y, O'Malley C, Uzunova V, Napier R, Bitton R, Becer CR, Azevedo HS. Hyaluronan (HA)-inspired glycopolymers as molecular tools for studying HA functions. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:568-576. [PMID: 34458800 PMCID: PMC8341579 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00223b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), the only non-sulphated glycosaminoglycan, serves numerous structural and biological functions in the human body, from providing viscoelasticity in tissues to creating hydrated environments for cell migration and proliferation. HA is also involved in the regulation of morphogenesis, inflammation and tumorigenesis through interactions with specific HA-binding proteins. Whilst the physicochemical and biological properties of HA have been widely studied for decades, the exact mechanisms by which HA exerts its multiple functions are not completely understood. Glycopolymers offer a simple and precise synthetic platform for the preparation of glycan analogues, being an alternative to the demanding synthetic chemical glycosylation. A library of homo, statistical and alternating HA glycopolymers were synthesised by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerisation and post-modification utilising copper alkyne-azide cycloaddition to graft orthogonal pendant HA monosaccharides (N-acetyl glucosamine: GlcNAc and glucuronic acid: GlcA) onto the polymer. Using surface plasmon resonance, the binding of the glycopolymers to known HA-binding peptides and proteins (CD44, hyaluronidase) was assessed and compared to carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins). These studies revealed potential structure-binding relationships between HA monosaccharides and HA receptors and novel HA binders, such as Dectin-1 and DEC-205 lectins. The inhibitory effect of HA glycopolymers on hyaluronidase (HAase) activity was also investigated suggesting GlcNAc- and GlcA-based glycopolymers as potential HAase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic W P Collis
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick CV4 7AL UK
| | - Yichen Yuan
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Alessandra Monaco
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick CV4 7AL UK
| | - Guy Ochbaum
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Ilza Katz, Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Yejiao Shi
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Clare O'Malley
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | | | - Richard Napier
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick CV4 7AL UK
| | - Ronit Bitton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Ilza Katz, Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - C Remzi Becer
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick CV4 7AL UK
| | - Helena S Azevedo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
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4
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Influence of acyl groups on glucopyranoside reactivity in Lewis acid promoted anomerisation. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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5
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Doyle LM, O'Sullivan S, Di Salvo C, McKinney M, McArdle P, Murphy PV. Stereoselective Epimerizations of Glycosyl Thiols. Org Lett 2018; 19:5802-5805. [PMID: 29039672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyl thiols are widely used in stereoselective S-glycoside synthesis. Their epimerization from 1,2-trans to 1,2-cis thiols (e.g., equatorial to axial epimerization in thioglucopyranose) was attained using TiCl4, while SnCl4 promoted their axial-to-equatorial epimerization. The method included application for stereoselective β-d-manno- and β-l-rhamnopyranosyl thiol formation. Complex formation explains the equatorial preference when using SnCl4, whereas TiCl4 can shift the equilibrium toward the 1,2-cis thiol via 1,3-oxathiolane formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Doyle
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Road, Galway, Ireland H91 TK33
| | - Shane O'Sullivan
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Road, Galway, Ireland H91 TK33
| | - Claudia Di Salvo
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Road, Galway, Ireland H91 TK33
| | - Michelle McKinney
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Road, Galway, Ireland H91 TK33
| | - Patrick McArdle
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Road, Galway, Ireland H91 TK33
| | - Paul V Murphy
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Road, Galway, Ireland H91 TK33
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6
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Xavier NM, Porcheron A, Batista D, Jorda R, Řezníčková E, Kryštof V, Oliveira MC. Exploitation of new structurally diverse d-glucuronamide-containing N-glycosyl compounds: synthesis and anticancer potential. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:4667-4680. [PMID: 28517004 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00472a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and anticancer evaluation of novel N-glycosyl derivatives containing N-substituted glucuronamide moieties, as nucleoside analogs or as prospective mimetics of glycosyl phosphates or of nucleotides, is reported. These compounds comprise N-anomerically-linked nucleobases or motifs that are surrogates of a phosphate group, such as sulfonamide or phosphoramidate moieties. 1-Sulfonamido glucuronamides containing N-benzyl, N-propargyl or N-dodecyl carboxamide units were synthesized through glycosylation of methanesulfonamide with tetra-O-acetyl glucuronamides. 1-Azido glucuronamides were accessed by microwave-assisted reactions of tetra-O-acetyl glucuronamides with TMSN3 and were further converted into N-glycosylphosphoramidates by treatment with trimethyl phosphite. Potential glucuronamide-based nucleotide mimetics comprising both an anomeric sulfonamide/phosphoramidate group and a benzyltriazolylmethyl amide system at C-5, as nucleobase mimetics, were synthesized via 'click' cycloaddition of N-propargyl glucuronamide derivatives with benzyl azide. N-Dodecyl tetra-O-acetyl glucuronamides were converted into uracil and purine nucleosides via N-glycosylation of the corresponding silylated nucleobases. Biological screening revealed significant antiproliferative activities of the N-dodecyl glucuronamide-containing sulfonamide, phosphoramidate and nucleosides in K562 and MCF-7 cells. The highest effect was exhibited by the N9-linked purine nucleoside in the breast cancer cell MCF-7 with a GI50 value similar to that of clinically used 5-fluorouracil. Immunoblotting and cell cycle analysis of K562 cells treated with the most active compound as well as evaluation of the effect of this nucleoside on the activities of caspases 3 and 7 showed induction of apoptosis as the mechanism of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno M Xavier
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, 5° Piso, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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7
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Rajput J, Hotha S, Vangala M. AuBr 3-catalyzed azidation of per- O-acetylated and per- O-benzoylated sugars. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:682-687. [PMID: 29623131 PMCID: PMC5870170 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we report, for the first time, the successful anomeric azidation of per-O-acetylated and per-O-benzoylated sugars by catalytic amounts of oxophilic AuBr3 in good to excellent yields. The method is applicable to a wide range of easily accessible per-O-acetylated and per-O-benzoylated sugars. While reaction with per-O-acetylated and per-O-benzoylated monosaccharides was complete within 1-3 h at room temperature, the per-O-benzoylated disaccharides needed 2-3 h of heating at 55 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Madhuri Vangala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, India
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8
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Cheng WC, Lin CK, Li HY, Chang YC, Lu SJ, Chen YS, Chang SY. A combinatorial approach towards the synthesis of non-hydrolysable triazole–iduronic acid hybrid inhibitors of human α-l-iduronidase: discovery of enzyme stabilizers for the potential treatment of MPSI. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2647-2650. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09642a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and bioevaluation of substituent-diverse triazole–iduronic acid hybrid molecules are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Cheng
- Genomics Research Center
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Huang-Yi Li
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences
- National Yang-Ming University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Chang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan City
- Taiwan
| | | | - Yu-Shin Chen
- Genomics Research Center
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei
- Taiwan
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9
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Moynihan HA, Horgan DE. Impurity Occurrence and Removal in Crystalline Products from Process Reactions. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Humphrey A. Moynihan
- Department of Chemistry/Analytical
and Biological Chemistry Research Facility/Synthesis and Solid-State
Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Danielle E. Horgan
- Department of Chemistry/Analytical
and Biological Chemistry Research Facility/Synthesis and Solid-State
Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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10
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Hou Z, Liu Y, Zhang XX, Chang XW, Cheng MS, Guo C. Synthesis of glucuronic acid derivatives via the efficient and selective removal of a C6 methyl group. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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12
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Lin S, Ashmus RA, Lowary TL. An Oxidation-Amidation Approach for the Synthesis of Glycuronamides. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Methyl tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranuronate: crystal structure and influence on the crystallisation of the β anomer. Carbohydr Res 2016; 425:35-9. [PMID: 27031190 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Methyl tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranuronate (1) and methyl tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranuronate (3) were isolated as crystalline solids and their crystal structures were obtained. That of the β anomer (1) was the same as that reported by Root et al., while anomer (3) was found to crystallise in the orthorhombic space group P212121 with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. No other crystal forms were found for either compound upon recrystallisation from a range of solvents. The α anomer (3) was found to be an impurity in initially precipitated batches of β-anomer (1) in quantities <3%; however, it was possible to remove the α impurity either by recrystallisation or by efficient washing, i.e. the α anomer is not incorporated inside the β anomer crystals. The β anomer (1) was found to grow as prisms or needles elongated in the a crystallographic direction in the absence of the α impurity, while the presence of the α anomer (3) enhanced this elongation.
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14
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Novel hydroxyamides and amides containing d -glucopyranose or d -fructose units: Biological assays in MCF-7 and MDST8 cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1039-1043. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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15
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McDonagh AW, Mahon MF, Murphy PV. Lewis Acid Induced Anomerization of Se-Glycosides. Application to Synthesis of α-Se-GalCer. Org Lett 2016; 18:552-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony W. McDonagh
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Paul V. Murphy
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
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16
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Lou X, Cassidy S. Selective Synthesis of Glycoside Fatty Acid Esters and Their Antibacterial Structure-activity Relationship against BacterialStaphylococcus AureusandSalmonella Agona. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201500261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Garcia A, Sanzone JR, Woerpel KA. Participation of alkoxy groups in reactions of acetals: violation of the reactivity/selectivity principle in a Curtin-Hammett kinetic scenario. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12087-90. [PMID: 26290402 PMCID: PMC4702254 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nucleophilic substitution reactions of acetals having benzyloxy groups four carbon atoms away can be highly diastereoselective. The selectivity in several cases increased as the reactivity of the nucleophile increased, in violation of the reactivity/selectivity principle. The increase in selectivity with reactivity suggests that multiple conformational isomers of reactive intermediates can give rise to the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003 (USA)
| | - Jillian R Sanzone
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003 (USA)
| | - K A Woerpel
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003 (USA).
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18
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Garcia A, Sanzone JR, Woerpel KA. Participation of Alkoxy Groups in Reactions of Acetals: Violation of the Reactivity/Selectivity Principle in a Curtin-Hammett Kinetic Scenario. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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19
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Senthilkumar T, Asha SK. Selective and Sensitive Sensing of Free Bilirubin in Human Serum Using Water-Soluble Polyfluorene as Fluorescent Probe. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Senthilkumar
- Polymer
Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - S. K. Asha
- Polymer
Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific
and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
- CSIR-Network Institutes
of Solar Energy, New Delhi, India
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20
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Garcia A, Otte DAL, Salamant WA, Sanzone JR, Woerpel KA. Influence of Alkoxy Groups on Rates of Acetal Hydrolysis and Tosylate Solvolysis: Electrostatic Stabilization of Developing Oxocarbenium Ion Intermediates and Neighboring-Group Participation To Form Oxonium Ions. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4470-80. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angie Garcia
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Douglas A. L. Otte
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Walter A. Salamant
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Jillian R. Sanzone
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - K. A. Woerpel
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
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21
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Yuan D, Du X, Shi J, Zhou N, Baoum AA, Xu B. Synthesis of novel conjugates of a saccharide, amino acids, nucleobase and the evaluation of their cell compatibility. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2406-13. [PMID: 25383110 PMCID: PMC4222440 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reports the synthesis of a novel type of conjugate of three fundamental biological build blocks (i.e., saccharide, amino acids, and nucleobase) and their cell compatibility. The facile synthesis starts with the synthesis of nucleobase and saccharide derivatives, then uses solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) to build the peptide segment (Phe-Arg-Gly-Asp or naphthAla-Phe-Arg-Gly-Asp with fully protected groups), and later, an amidation reaction in liquid phase connects these three parts together. The overall yield of these multiple step synthesis is about 34%. Besides exhibiting excellent solubility, these conjugates of saccharide-amino acids-nucleobase (SAN), like the previously reported conjugates of nucleobase-amino acids-saccharide (NAS) and nucleobase-saccharide-amino acids (NSA), are mammalian cell compatible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, MS015, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Xuewen Du
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, MS015, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, MS015, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Ning Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, MS015, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | | | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, MS015, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
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22
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McDonagh AW, Murphy PV. Synthesis of α-galactosyl ceramide analogues with an α-triazole at the anomeric carbon. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compounds (amines, amides, and N-heterocyclic derivatives) are important targets in supramolecular chemistry. This chapter discusses the importance of aza-macrocycles in general and, in particular, those receptors containing sugar unit(s). The combination of a carbohydrate scaffold bearing nitrogen-containing functional groups in macrocyclic molecules opens a convenient route to chiral receptors having potentially useful properties. The carbohydrate-based macrocycles discussed are classified into several general groups: (1) aza-crown ethers containing a carbohydrate subunit, (2) cyclic homooligomers from amino sugars, (3) sugar-based cryptands, (4) cyclic peptides containing amino sugar units (including C2- and C3-symmetrical macrocyclic glycopeptides), (5) nitrogen- containing glycophanes, and (6) 1,2,3-triazoles containing synthetic cyclodextrin analogues. The general strategies employed, as well as specific ones leading to such complex derivatives, are surveyed. Applications of such carbohydrate receptors, pointing to their importance as hosts in supramolecular chemistry, are discussed.
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24
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Farrell M, Zhou J, Murphy PV. Regiospecific Anomerisation of Acylated Glycosyl Azides and Benzoylated Disaccharides by Using TiCl4. Chemistry 2013; 19:14836-51. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Synthesis of α-O- and α-S-glycosphingolipids related to Sphingomonous cell wall antigens using anomerisation. Molecules 2013; 18:11198-218. [PMID: 24036511 PMCID: PMC6270446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180911198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Analogues of glycolipids from Spingomonadacaece with O- and S- and SO2-linkages have been prepared using chelation induced anomerisation promoted by TiCl4. Included are examples of the anomerisation of intermediates with O- and S-glycosidic linkages as well as isomerisation of β-thioglycuronic acids (β-glycosyl thiols). The β-O-glucuronide and β-O-galacturonide precursors were efficiently prepared using benzoylated trichloroacetimidates. β-Glycosyl thiols were precursors to β-S-derivatives. Triazole containing mimics of the natural glycolipids were prepared using CuI promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions in THF. The glycolipid antigens are being evaluated currently for their effects on iNKT cells.
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26
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Granda JM, Jurczak J. Sweet Anion Receptors: Recognition of Chiral Carboxylate Anions by d-Glucuronic-Acid-Decorated Diindolylmethane. Org Lett 2013; 15:4730-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402074u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław M. Granda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Masovian, Poland
| | - Janusz Jurczak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Masovian, Poland
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Dhaware V, Shaikh AY, Kar M, Hotha S, Sen Gupta S. Synthesis and self-assembly of amphiphilic homoglycopolypeptide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:5659-5667. [PMID: 23578300 DOI: 10.1021/la400144t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of the amphiphilic homoglycopolypeptide was carried out by a combination of NCA polymerization and click chemistry to yield a well-defined polypeptide having an amphiphilic carbohydrate on its side chain. The amphiphilicity of the carbohydrate was achieved by incorporation of an alkyl chain at the C-6 position of the carbohydrate thus also rendering the homoglycopolypeptide amphiphilic. The homoglycopolypeptide formed multimicellar aggregates in water above a critical concentration of 0.9 μM due to phase separation. The multimicellar aggregates were characterized by DLS, TEM, and AFM. It is proposed that hydrophobic interactions of the aliphatic chains at the 6-position of the sugar moieties drives the assembly of these rod-like homoglycopolypeptide into large spherical aggregates. These multimicellar aggregates encapsulate both hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic dye as was confirmed by confocal microscopy. Finally, amphiphilic random polypeptides containing 10% and 20% α-d-mannose in addition to glucose containing a hydrophobic alkyl chain at its 6 position were synthesized by our methodology, and these polymers were also found to assemble into spherical nanostructures. The spherical assemblies of amphiphilic random glycopolypeptides containing 10% and 20% mannose were found to be surface bioactive and were found to interact with the lectin Con-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Dhaware
- Chemical Engineering Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
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28
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Ambrosini S, Shinde S, De Lorenzi E, Sellergren B. Glucuronide directed molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction: isolation of testosterone glucuronide from its parent drug in urine. Analyst 2012; 137:249-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15606c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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29
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Ambrosini S, Serra M, Shinde S, Sellergren B, De Lorenzi E. Synthesis and chromatographic evaluation of molecularly imprinted polymers prepared by the substructure approach for the class-selective recognition of glucuronides. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:6961-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.07.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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30
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El-Nezhawy AOH, Adly FG, Eweas AF, Hanna AG, El-Kholy YM, El-Sayed SH, El-Naggar TBA. Synthesis of some novel D-glucuronic acid acetylated derivatives as potential anti-tumor agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2011; 344:648-57. [PMID: 21984015 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A structurally diverse series of Δ(4,5) -uronamide derivatives have been chemically synthesized starting from D-glucuronic acid itself by means of acetylation, activation, amide bond formation and base-catalyzed elimination protocols. Structure elucidation for all products along with optimization of the synthetic steps is described. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in-vitro anti-tumor activity against MCF-7, TK-10 and UACC-62 cell lines. The compounds 5, 11, 13, 15 and 16 were the most active against TK-10 cell line. On the other hand, the most active compounds against the MCF-7 cell line were 11 and 15. However, compounds 5, 7, 11, 13, 15 and 16 were the most active against the UACC-62 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O H El-Nezhawy
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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31
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O’Reilly C, Murphy PV. Synthesis of α-S-Glycosphingolipids Based on Uronic Acids. Org Lett 2011; 13:5168-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202042h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ciaran O’Reilly
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland, and Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology & UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Paul V. Murphy
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland, and Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology & UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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32
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Pilgrim W, Murphy PV. SnCl4- and TiCl4-Catalyzed Anomerization of Acylated O- and S-Glycosides: Analysis of Factors That Lead to Higher α:β Anomer Ratios and Reaction Rates. J Org Chem 2010; 75:6747-55. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101090f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Pilgrim
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Paul V. Murphy
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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33
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul V. Murphy
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland, Fax: +353‐91‐525700
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34
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Laurent P, Razafindralambo H, Wathelet B, Blecker C, Wathelet JP, Paquot M. Synthesis and Surface-Active Properties of Uronic Amide Derivatives, Surfactants from Renewable Organic Raw Materials. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-010-1205-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Regioselective synthesis of α-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid derivatives and biological test against bacterial Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella agona. Sci China Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-0122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Fast synthesis of uronamides by non-catalyzed opening of glucopyranurono-6,1-lactone with amines, amino acids, and aminosugars. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Richel A, Laurent P, Wathelet B, Wathelet JP, Paquot M. Microwave-assisted synthesis of d-glucuronic acid derivatives using cost-effective solid acid catalysts. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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Tosin M, Spiteller D, Spencer JB. Malonyl carba(dethia)- and malonyl oxa(dethia)-coenzyme A as tools for trapping polyketide intermediates. Chembiochem 2009; 10:1714-23. [PMID: 19507202 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In order to study intermediates in polyketide biosynthesis two nonhydrolyzable malonyl coenzyme A analogues were synthesised by a chemoenzymatic route. In these analogues the sulfur atom of CoA was replaced either by a methylene group (carbadethia analogue) or by an oxygen atom (oxadethia analogue). These malonyl-CoA analogues were found to compete with the natural extender unit malonyl-CoA and to trap intermediates from stilbene synthase, a type III polyketide synthase (PKS). From the reaction of stilbene synthase with its natural phenylpropanoid substrates, diketide, triketide and tetraketide species were successfully off-loaded and characterised by LC-MS. Moreover, the reactivity of the nonhydrolyzable analogues offers insights into the flexibility of substrate alignment in the PKS active site for efficient malonyl decarboxylation and condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Tosin
- University Chemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK.
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39
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Wu Q, Xi X, Chen X, Li H, Zhang Q. A Vicinal Acyloxy Group Participation SN2 Reaction of Thiol Nucleophiles in the Formation of Thioacetals. CHINESE J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200990330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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40
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McCarthy JR, Bhaumik J, Merbouh N, Weissleder R. High-yielding syntheses of hydrophilic conjugatable chlorins and bacteriochlorins. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:3430-6. [PMID: 19675897 DOI: 10.1039/b908713c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Next-generation photodynamic therapy agents based upon the conjugation of multiple photosensitizers to a targeting backbone will allow for more efficacious light-based therapies. To this end, we have developed glucose-modified chlorins and bacteriochlorins featuring a reactive carboxylic acid linker for conjugation to targeting moieties. The photosensitizers were synthesized in relatively high yields from meso-tetra(p-aminophenyl)porphyrin, and resulted in neutral, hydrophilic chromophores with superb absorption profiles in the far-red and near-infrared portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. In addition, conjugation of these photosensitizers to a model nanoscaffold (crosslinked dextran-coated nanoparticles) demonstrated that the inclusion of hydrophilic sugar moieties increased the number of dyes that can be loaded while maintaining suspension stability. The described compounds are expected to be particularly useful in the synthesis of a number of targeted nanotherapeutic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R McCarthy
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th St., Rm 5406, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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41
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Pilgrim W, Murphy PV. Alpha-glycosphingolipids via chelation-induced anomerization of O- and S-glucuronic and galacturonic acid derivatives. Org Lett 2009; 11:939-42. [PMID: 19178158 DOI: 10.1021/ol802915h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial glycolipids containing either alpha-glucuronic acid or alpha-galacturonic acid residues have an important role in the innate-type immune response to gram-negative bacteria. Synthesis of closely related compounds, including a novel alpha-SO(2) glycolipid mimetic, is described from carbohydrate precursors where anomerization is a key step. Very high stereoselectivites (>97:3 in favor of alpha) were observed from O-glycoside precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Pilgrim
- UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland, and School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Paul V. Murphy
- UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland, and School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
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42
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Li JF, Chen SJ, Zhao Y, Li JX. Glycoside modification of oleanolic acid derivatives as a novel class of anti-osteoclast formation agents. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:599-605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Revised: 01/14/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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43
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Doyle D, Murphy PV. Synthesis of novel glycophanes derived from glucuronic acid by ring closing alkene and alkyne metathesis. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:2535-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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44
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Wu QP, Zhou MX, Xi XD, Song D, Wang Y, Liu HX, Li YZ, Zhang QS. A facile one-pot procedure for the transformation of acetonides into diacetates catalyzed with Bi(OTf)3·xH2O. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.02.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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45
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Leu YL, Chen CS, Wu YJ, Chern JW. Benzyl Ether-Linked Glucuronide Derivative of 10-Hydroxycamptothecin Designed for Selective Camptothecin-Based Anticancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1740-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jm701151c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Leu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan, and School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Shu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan, and School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Jang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan, and School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan, and School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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46
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Loukou C, Tosin M, Müller-Bunz H, Murphy PV. Synthesis of sugar-lactams from azides of glucuronic acid. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:1953-9. [PMID: 17477912 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2007] [Revised: 03/31/2007] [Accepted: 04/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Sugar-lactams have found application as glycosidase inhibitors, synthetic precursors of iminosugars and they are structural components of natural products. The synthesis of beta-D-glucopyranosidurono-6,1-lactams from glucuronic acid derivatives are described. NMR data and X-ray crystal structures indicate that the sugar-lactams adopt distorted (1)C4 conformations in solution and in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Loukou
- UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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47
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48
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49
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Toward the Design of Highly Efficient, Readily Accessible Peptide N-caps for the Induction of Helical Conformations. Int J Pept Res Ther 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-006-9073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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50
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O'Brien C, Poláková M, Pitt N, Tosin M, Murphy PV. Glycosidation-anomerisation reactions of 6,1-anhydroglucopyranuronic acid and anomerisation of beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acids promoted by SnCl(4). Chemistry 2007; 13:902-9. [PMID: 17086575 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of silylated nucleophiles with 6,1-anhydroglucopyranuronic acid (glucuronic acid 6,1-lactones) catalysed by tin(IV) chloride provides 1,2-trans or 1,2-cis (deoxy)glycosides in a manner dependent on the donor structure. The alpha-glycoside was obtained for reactions of the donor with the 2-acyl group and 2-deoxydonors, whereas the 2-deoxy-2-iodo donor gave the beta-glycoside. Experimental evidence shows that when 1,2-cis-glycoside formation occurs, the anomerisation of initially formed 1,2-trans-glycosides catalysed by SnCl(4) is possible. The anomerisation of beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acids was found to be faster, in some cases, than anomerisation of related beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid esters and beta-D-glucopyranoside derivatives and the rates are dependent on the structure of the aglycon. Moreover, the rates of anomerisation of beta-D-glucopyranuronic acid derivatives can be qualitatively correlated with rates of hydrolysis of beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acids. Mechanistic possibilities for the reactions are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin O'Brien
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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