1
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Poulou E, Hackenberger CPR. Staudinger Ligation and Reactions – From Bioorthogonal Labeling to Next‐Generation Biopharmaceuticals. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Poulou
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10 13125 Berlin Germany
- Department of Chemistry Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian P. R. Hackenberger
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10 13125 Berlin Germany
- Department of Chemistry Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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2
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Heiss TK, Dorn RS, Prescher JA. Bioorthogonal Reactions of Triarylphosphines and Related Analogues. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6802-6849. [PMID: 34101453 PMCID: PMC10064493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal phosphines were introduced in the context of the Staudinger ligation over 20 years ago. Since that time, phosphine probes have been used in myriad applications to tag azide-functionalized biomolecules. The Staudinger ligation also paved the way for the development of other phosphorus-based chemistries, many of which are widely employed in biological experiments. Several reviews have highlighted early achievements in the design and application of bioorthogonal phosphines. This review summarizes more recent advances in the field. We discuss innovations in classic Staudinger-like transformations that have enabled new biological pursuits. We also highlight relative newcomers to the bioorthogonal stage, including the cyclopropenone-phosphine ligation and the phospha-Michael reaction. The review concludes with chemoselective reactions involving phosphite and phosphonite ligations. For each transformation, we describe the overall mechanism and scope. We also showcase efforts to fine-tune the reagents for specific functions. We further describe recent applications of the chemistries in biological settings. Collectively, these examples underscore the versatility and breadth of bioorthogonal phosphine reagents.
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3
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Qiao M, Li B, Ji Y, Lin L, Linhardt R, Zhang X. Synthesis of selected unnatural sugar nucleotides for biotechnological applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 41:47-62. [PMID: 33153306 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1844623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Sugar nucleotides are the principal building blocks for the synthesis of most complex carbohydrates and are crucial intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism. Uridine diphosphate (UDP) monosaccharides are among the most common sugar nucleotide donors and are transferred to glycosyl acceptors by glycosyltransferases or synthases in glycan biosynthetic pathways. These natural nucleotide donors have great biological importance, however, the synthesis and application of unnatural sugar nucleotides that are not available from in vivo biosynthesis are not well explored. In this review, we summarize the progress in the preparation of unnatural sugar nucleotides, in particular, the widely studied UDP-GlcNAc/GalNAc analogs. We focus on the "two-block" synthetic pathway that is initiated from monosaccharides, in which the first block is the synthesis of sugar-1-phosphate and the second block is the diphosphate bond formation. The biotechnological applications of these unnatural sugar nucleotides showing their physiological and pharmacological potential are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qiao
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingzhi Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Lin
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Robert Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Sarkar B, Jayaraman N. Glycoconjugations of Biomolecules by Chemical Methods. Front Chem 2020; 8:570185. [PMID: 33330359 PMCID: PMC7672192 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.570185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioconjugations under benign aqueous conditions have the most promise to covalently link carbohydrates onto chosen molecular and macromolecular scaffolds. Chemical methodologies relying on C-C and C-heteroatom bond formations are the methods of choice, coupled with the reaction conditions being under aqueous milieu. A number of methods, including metal-mediated, as well as metal-free azide-alkyne cyclo-addition, photocatalyzed thiol-ene reaction, amidation, reductive amination, disulfide bond formation, conjugate addition, nucleophilic addition to vinyl sulfones and vinyl sulfoxides, native chemical ligation, Staudinger ligation, olefin metathesis, and Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reactions have been developed, in efforts to conduct glycoconjugation of chosen molecular and biomolecular structures. Within these, many methods require pre-functionalization of the scaffolds, whereas methods that do not require such pre-functionalization continue to be few and far between. The compilation covers synthetic methodology development for carbohydrate conjugation onto biomolecular and biomacromolecular scaffolds. The importance of such glycoconjugations on the functional properties is also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Sarkar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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5
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Pinna A, Pedersen CM. Chemoselectivity in Self-Promoted Glycosylation: N
- vs. O
-Glycosylation. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pinna
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry; Università di Genova; Genova Italy
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6
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Rykaczewski KA, Sabourin KE, Goo PJ, Griggs LH, Jain S, Reed PAM, Langenhan JM. Generation of a glycosylated asparagine residue through chemoselective acylation of a glycosylhydrazide. Carbohydr Res 2020; 493:108022. [PMID: 32516600 PMCID: PMC7325706 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first selective anomeric N-acylation of a glycosylhydrazide. We show that this transformation can be harnessed to generate amino acid building blocks including FmocAsn(GlcNAc)OH (1), a residue that has been previously shown to be a competent reagent in the solid-phase peptide synthesis of N-linked glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate E Sabourin
- Department of Chemistry, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - Paul J Goo
- Department of Chemistry, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - Lydia H Griggs
- Department of Chemistry, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - Saumya Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - Paxton A M Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Bednarek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ilona Wehl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nicole Jung
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems—Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems—Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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8
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Santiago CC, Lafuente L, Ponzinibbio A. Synthesis of Biologically Relevant β‐
N
‐Glycosides by Biphasic Epoxidation‐Aminolysis of D‐Glycals. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cintia C. Santiago
- Centro de Estudio de Compuestos Orgánicos (CEDECOR-UNLP-CIC)Departamento de Química.Universidad Nacional de La Plata. 47 y 115 1900 La Plata Argentina
| | - Leticia Lafuente
- Centro de Estudio de Compuestos Orgánicos (CEDECOR-UNLP-CIC)Departamento de Química.Universidad Nacional de La Plata. 47 y 115 1900 La Plata Argentina
| | - Agustín Ponzinibbio
- Centro de Estudio de Compuestos Orgánicos (CEDECOR-UNLP-CIC)Departamento de Química.Universidad Nacional de La Plata. 47 y 115 1900 La Plata Argentina
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9
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Tamburrini A, Colombo C, Bernardi A. Design and synthesis of glycomimetics: Recent advances. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:495-531. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Tamburrini
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversita’ degli Studi di Milano Milano Italy
| | - Cinzia Colombo
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversita’ degli Studi di Milano Milano Italy
| | - Anna Bernardi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversita’ degli Studi di Milano Milano Italy
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10
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Karpus A, Daran JC, Poli R, Mazières S, Destarac MA, Manoury E. Synthesis of S-Alkyl Phosphinocarbodithioates with Switch between P(III) and P(V) Derivatives. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9446-9453. [PMID: 31272149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Simple and effective synthetic pathways are described to prepare compounds R2P(X)C(S)SCH(Me)Ph with the P atom either in the oxidation state V [R/X = t-Bu/O (6), Ph/S, (7), t-Bu/S (8), t-Bu/Se (9)] or III [R/X = Ph/BH3 (4), t-Bu/BH3 (5), t-Bu/lone pair (10)]. Compound 9 is the first example of carbodithioate ester with a P = Se group, and for the first time, a phosphinocarboditioate with a free phosphine function (compound 10) is described. Stabilization of the latter crucially depends on the steric protection by the t-Bu groups since an analogous derivative with R = Ph is observable but too unstable for isolation. Compound 10 can be reversibly protonated to yield the [t-Bu2PHC(S)SCH(Me)Ph]+ cation (10-H+), which was isolated as a BF4- salt. A few interconversion processes resulting in the facile addition/removal or exchange of the X group in this family of compounds are also described. The oxidation state of the phosphorus atom and the nature of an electron-withdrawing group have a significant impact on the spectral properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Karpus
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT , 205 Route de Narbonne , BP 44099, 31077 Toulouse , France.,Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5623 , 118 route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse , France
| | - Jean-Claude Daran
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT , 205 Route de Narbonne , BP 44099, 31077 Toulouse , France
| | - Rinaldo Poli
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT , 205 Route de Narbonne , BP 44099, 31077 Toulouse , France
| | - Stéphane Mazières
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5623 , 118 route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse , France
| | - Mathias A Destarac
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5623 , 118 route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse , France
| | - Eric Manoury
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT , 205 Route de Narbonne , BP 44099, 31077 Toulouse , France
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11
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Marqvorsen MHS, Paramasivam S, Doelman W, Fairbanks AJ, van Kasteren SI. Efficient synthesis and enzymatic extension of an N-GlcNAz asparagine building block. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5287-5290. [PMID: 30994122 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02051a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
N-Azidoacetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAz) is a particularly useful tool in chemical biology as the azide is a metabolically stable yet accessible handle within biological systems. Herein, we report a practical synthesis of FmocAsn(N-Ac3GlcNAz)OH, a building block for solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). Protecting group manipulations are minimised by taking advantage of the inherent chemoselectivity of phosphine-mediated azide reduction, and the resulting glycosyl amine is employed directly in the opening of Fmoc protected aspartic anhydride. We show potential application of the building block by establishing it as a substrate for enzymatic glycan extension using sugar oxazolines of varying size and biological significance with several endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (ENGases). The added steric bulk resulting from incorporation of the azide is shown to have no or a minor impact on the yield of enzymatic glycan extension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sivasinthujah Paramasivam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Ward Doelman
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry (LIC), Division of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Antony John Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand and Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Sander Izaäk van Kasteren
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry (LIC), Division of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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12
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Xavier NM, Porcheron A, Batista D, Jorda R, Řezníčková E, Kryštof V, Oliveira MC. Exploitation of new structurally diverse d-glucuronamide-containing N-glycosyl compounds: synthesis and anticancer potential. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:4667-4680. [PMID: 28517004 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00472a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and anticancer evaluation of novel N-glycosyl derivatives containing N-substituted glucuronamide moieties, as nucleoside analogs or as prospective mimetics of glycosyl phosphates or of nucleotides, is reported. These compounds comprise N-anomerically-linked nucleobases or motifs that are surrogates of a phosphate group, such as sulfonamide or phosphoramidate moieties. 1-Sulfonamido glucuronamides containing N-benzyl, N-propargyl or N-dodecyl carboxamide units were synthesized through glycosylation of methanesulfonamide with tetra-O-acetyl glucuronamides. 1-Azido glucuronamides were accessed by microwave-assisted reactions of tetra-O-acetyl glucuronamides with TMSN3 and were further converted into N-glycosylphosphoramidates by treatment with trimethyl phosphite. Potential glucuronamide-based nucleotide mimetics comprising both an anomeric sulfonamide/phosphoramidate group and a benzyltriazolylmethyl amide system at C-5, as nucleobase mimetics, were synthesized via 'click' cycloaddition of N-propargyl glucuronamide derivatives with benzyl azide. N-Dodecyl tetra-O-acetyl glucuronamides were converted into uracil and purine nucleosides via N-glycosylation of the corresponding silylated nucleobases. Biological screening revealed significant antiproliferative activities of the N-dodecyl glucuronamide-containing sulfonamide, phosphoramidate and nucleosides in K562 and MCF-7 cells. The highest effect was exhibited by the N9-linked purine nucleoside in the breast cancer cell MCF-7 with a GI50 value similar to that of clinically used 5-fluorouracil. Immunoblotting and cell cycle analysis of K562 cells treated with the most active compound as well as evaluation of the effect of this nucleoside on the activities of caspases 3 and 7 showed induction of apoptosis as the mechanism of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno M Xavier
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, 5° Piso, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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13
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Zhang X, Green DE, Schultz VL, Lin L, Han X, Wang R, Yaksic A, Kim SY, DeAngelis PL, Linhardt RJ. Synthesis of 4-Azido-N-acetylhexosamine Uridine Diphosphate Donors: Clickable Glycosaminoglycans. J Org Chem 2017; 82:9910-9915. [PMID: 28813597 PMCID: PMC7558457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Unnatural chemically modified nucleotide sugars UDP-4-N3-GlcNAc and UDP-4-N3-GalNAc were chemically synthesized for the first time. These unnatural UDP sugar products were then tested for incorporation into hyaluronan, heparosan, or chondroitin using polysaccharide synthases. UDP-4-N3-GlcNAc served as a chain termination substrate for hyaluronan or heparosan synthases; the resulting 4-N3-GlcNAc-terminated hyaluronan and heparosan were then successfully conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488 DIBO alkyne, demonstrating that this approach is generally applicable for labeling and detection of suitable glycosaminoglycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Dixy E. Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73126, United States
| | - Victor L. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Lei Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Ruitong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Alexander Yaksic
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Paul L. DeAngelis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73126, United States
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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14
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Fletcher MH, Burns-Lynch CE, Knouse KW, Abraham LT, DeBrosse CW, Wuest WM. A novel application of the Staudinger ligation to access neutral cyclic di-nucleotide analog precursors via a divergent method. RSC Adv 2017; 7:29835-29838. [PMID: 28670448 PMCID: PMC5472050 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06045a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our efforts to develop a scalable and divergent synthesis of cyclic di-nucleotide analog precursors have resulted in (1) an orthogonally protected di-amino carbohydrate as well as (2) the novel application of the Staudinger ligation to provide medium-sized macrocycles featuring carbamate or urea linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - C E Burns-Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - K W Knouse
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - L T Abraham
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - C W DeBrosse
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - W M Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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15
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Chuh KN, Batt AR, Pratt MR. Chemical Methods for Encoding and Decoding of Posttranslational Modifications. Cell Chem Biol 2016; 23:86-107. [PMID: 26933738 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A large array of posttranslational modifications can dramatically change the properties of proteins and influence different aspects of their biological function such as enzymatic activity, binding interactions, and proteostasis. Despite the significant knowledge that has been gained about the function of posttranslational modifications using traditional biological techniques, the analysis of the site-specific effects of a particular modification, the identification of the full complement of modified proteins in the proteome, and the detection of new types of modifications remains challenging. Over the years, chemical methods have contributed significantly in both of these areas of research. This review highlights several posttranslational modifications where chemistry-based approaches have made significant contributions to our ability to both prepare homogeneously modified proteins and identify and characterize particular modifications in complex biological settings. As the number and chemical diversity of documented posttranslational modifications continues to rise, we believe that chemical strategies will be essential to advance the field in years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N Chuh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Anna R Batt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Matthew R Pratt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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16
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Abstract
The present review offers an overview of nonclassical (e.g., with no pre- or in situ activation of a carboxylic acid partner) approaches for the construction of amide bonds. The review aims to comprehensively discuss relevant work, which was mainly done in the field in the last 20 years. Organization of the data follows a subdivision according to substrate classes: catalytic direct formation of amides from carboxylic and amines ( section 2 ); the use of carboxylic acid surrogates ( section 3 ); and the use of amine surrogates ( section 4 ). The ligation strategies (NCL, Staudinger, KAHA, KATs, etc.) that could involve both carboxylic acid and amine surrogates are treated separately in section 5 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Marcia de Figueiredo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Simon Suppo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Marc Campagne
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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17
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Ji L, Xiang SH, Leng WL, Hoang KLM, Liu XW. Palladium-catalyzed glycosylation: novel synthetic approach to diverse N-heterocyclic glycosides. Org Lett 2015; 17:1357-60. [PMID: 25730324 DOI: 10.1021/ol5037437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and highly stereoselective method for the construction of N-heterocyclic glycosides is reported. This method is based on a palladium-catalyzed allylation which proceeded to provide N-heterocyclic glycosyl compounds in good-to-excellent yields with β- or α-selectivity. Various N-nucleophiles were examined for this reaction and selected N-glycosyl isatin substrates were further elaborated to bis-indole sugars which have potential as antiproliferative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ji
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Shao-Hua Xiang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Wei-Lin Leng
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Kim Le Mai Hoang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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18
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Wang ZPA, Tian CL, Zheng JS. The recent developments and applications of the traceless-Staudinger reaction in chemical biology study. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21496c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioorthogonal reactions are one of the most important topics in chemical biology. Traceless-Staudinger reaction/ligation has been investigated and widely applied in life science. Herein, the current developments, mechanism studies, and biological applications are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng A. Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hefei 230031
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Chang-Lin Tian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hefei 230031
- China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hefei 230031
- China
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19
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‘Click’ glycosylation of peptides through cysteine propargylation and CuAAC. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:6672-6683. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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20
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Chemoselective coupling of sugar oximes and α-ketoacids to glycosyl amides and N-glycopeptides. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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21
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Allan KM, Spencer JL. Synthesis and characterisation of novel o-xylene-based P,E ligands. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:956-64. [PMID: 24363027 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42244e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A range of novel hybrid ligands of the type, o-C6H4(CH2PBu(t)2)(CH2E) (E = P(C6F5)2, SBu(t), SPh, S(O)Bu(t), NR2, SiPh2H), have been synthesised in two or three steps from the common substrate, o-C6H4{CH2PBu(t)2(BH3)}(CH2Cl). The initial step involved treatment of the substrate with the appropriate nucleophilic reagent, or preparation of a Grignard reagent from o-C6H4{CH2PBu(t)2(BH3)}(CH2Cl) and reaction with the appropriate electrophile. In most cases, this versatile strategy produced air-stable crystalline ligand precursors. Phosphine deprotection was achieved via one of three methods, dependent upon the properties of the second functional group. An alternative synthesis of the known ligand, o-C6H4(CH2PBu(t)2)(CH2PPh2), is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Allan
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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22
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Zheng J, Urkalan KB, Herzon SB. Direct synthesis of β-N-glycosides by the reductive glycosylation of azides with protected and native carbohydrate donors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:6068-71. [PMID: 23609997 PMCID: PMC4845733 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A simple and straightforward method for the stereocontrolled synthesis of β-linked N-glycosides uses alkyl and aryl azides as the nitrogen source. The N-glycosides are formed in high yields and with high β selectivities (typically >70% yield, >15:1 β:α selectivity). This approach is also amenable to the synthesis of N-glycosylated amino acids and peptides (see example, Fmoc=9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8107 (USA). Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology (P.R. China)
| | - Kaveri Balan Urkalan
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8107 (USA)
| | - Seth B. Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8107 (USA). Homepage : http://www.chem.yale.edu/faculty/herzon.html
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23
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Zheng J, Urkalan KB, Herzon SB. Direct Synthesis of β-N-Glycosides by the Reductive Glycosylation of Azides with Protected and Native Carbohydrate Donors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Nisic F, Speciale G, Bernardi A. Stereoselective Synthesis of α- and β-Glycofuranosyl Amides by Traceless Ligation of Glycofuranosyl Azides. Chemistry 2012; 18:6895-906. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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25
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Carbohydrate synthesis and biosynthesis technologies for cracking of the glycan code: recent advances. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 31:17-37. [PMID: 22484115 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The glycan code of glycoproteins can be conceptually defined at molecular level by the sequence of well characterized glycans attached to evolutionarily predetermined amino acids along the polypeptide chain. Functional consequences of protein glycosylation are numerous, and include a hierarchy of properties from general physicochemical characteristics such as solubility, stability and protection of the polypeptide from the environment up to specific glycan interactions. Definition of the glycan code for glycoproteins has been so far hampered by the lack of chemically defined glycoprotein glycoforms that proved to be extremely difficult to purify from natural sources, and the total chemical synthesis of which has been hitherto possible only for very small molecular species. This review summarizes the recent progress in chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of complex glycans and their protein conjugates. Progress in our understanding of the ways in which a particular glycoprotein glycoform gives rise to a unique set of functional properties is now having far reaching implications for the biotechnology of important glycodrugs such as therapeutical monoclonal antibodies, glycoprotein hormones, carbohydrate conjugates used for vaccination and other practically important protein-carbohydrate conjugates.
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26
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Xue J, Guo M, Gu G, Guo Z. A Facile Synthesis ofNγ-Glycosyl Asparagine Conjugates and ShortN-Linked Glycopeptides. J Carbohydr Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2011.633723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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27
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Gaitonde V, Sucheck SJ. Synthesis of β-Glycosyl Amides from N-Glycosyl Dinitrobenzenesulfonamides. J Carbohydr Chem 2012; 31:353-370. [PMID: 23349564 PMCID: PMC3551597 DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2012.663431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The N-glycosyl-2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamides were accessed via benzoyl-protected β-glycosyl azides. The azides were reduced with Adams' catalyst to the corresponding amines. The glycosylamines were sulfonated with 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride to form N-glycosyl-2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamides in moderate yields. β-Glycosyl amides were then prepared in 67 - 81 % yields by treatment of the sulfonamides with thioacetic acid and cesium carbonate. The conversion of the glycosylsulfonamide to the glycosyl amide proceeded with high stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwanath Gaitonde
- Department of Chemistry and School for Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - Steven J. Sucheck
- Department of Chemistry and School for Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
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28
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Ivanova EA, Maslov MA, Morozova NG, Serebrennikova GA, Chupin VV. Synthesis of bivalent neogalactolipids via modified Staudinger reaction. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra01356h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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29
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Xiang S, Ma J, Gorityala BK, Liu XW. Stereoselective synthesis of β-N-glycosides through 2-deoxy-2-nitroglycal. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:2957-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Hsu CH, Hung SC, Wu CY, Wong CH. Toward automated oligosaccharide synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:11872-923. [PMID: 22127846 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates have been shown to play important roles in biological processes. The pace of development in carbohydrate research is, however, relatively slow due to the problems associated with the complexity of carbohydrate structures and the lack of general synthetic methods and tools available for the study of this class of biomolecules. Recent advances in synthesis have demonstrated that many of these problems can be circumvented. In this Review, we describe the methods developed to tackle the problems of carbohydrate-mediated biological processes, with particular focus on the issue related to the development of the automated synthesis of oligosaccharides. Further applications of carbohydrate microarrays and vaccines to human diseases are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Hsiung Hsu
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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31
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Hsu CH, Hung SC, Wu CY, Wong CH. Auf dem Weg zur automatisierten Oligosaccharid- Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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McGrath N, Raines RT. Chemoselectivity in chemical biology: acyl transfer reactions with sulfur and selenium. Acc Chem Res 2011; 44:752-61. [PMID: 21639109 PMCID: PMC3242736 DOI: 10.1021/ar200081s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A critical source of insight into biological function is derived from the chemist's ability to create new covalent bonds between molecules, whether they are endogenous or exogenous to a biological system. A daunting impediment to selective bond formation, however, is the myriad of reactive functionalities present in biological milieu. The high reactivity of the most abundant molecule in biology, water, makes the challenges all the more difficult. We have met these challenges by exploiting the reactivity of sulfur and selenium in acyl transfer reactions. The reactivity of both sulfur and selenium is high compared with that of their chalcogen congener, oxygen. In this Account, we highlight recent developments in this arena, emphasizing contributions from our laboratory. One focus of our research is furthering the chemistry of native chemical ligation (NCL) and expressed protein ligation (EPL), two related processes that enable the synthesis and semisynthesis of proteins. These techniques exploit the lower pK(a) of thiols and selenols relative to alcohols. Although a deprotonated hydroxyl group in the side chain of a serine residue is exceedingly rare in a biological context, the pK(a) values of the thiol in cysteine (8.5) and of the selenol in selenocysteine (5.7) often render these side chains anionic under physiological conditions. NCL and EPL take advantage of the high nucleophilicity of the thiolate as well as its utility as a leaving group, and we have expanded the scope of these methods to include selenocysteine. Although the genetic code limits the components of natural proteins to 20 or so α-amino acids, NCL and EPL enable the semisynthetic incorporation of a limitless variety of nonnatural modules into proteins. These modules are enabling chemical biologists to interrogate protein structure and function with unprecedented precision. We are also pursuing the further development of the traceless Staudinger ligation, through which a phosphinothioester and azide form an amide. We first reported this chemical ligation method, which leaves no residual atoms in the product, in 2000. Our progress in effecting the reaction in water, without an organic cosolvent, was an important step in the expansion of its utility. Moreover, we have developed the traceless Staudinger reaction as a means for immobilizing proteins on a solid support, providing a general method of fabricating microarrays that display proteins in a uniform orientation. Along with NCL and EPL, the traceless Staudinger ligation has made proteins more readily accessible targets for chemical synthesis and semisynthesis. The underlying acyl transfer reactions with sulfur and selenium provide an efficient means to synthesize, remodel, and immobilize proteins, and they have enabled us to interrogate biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas
A. McGrath
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706,
United States
| | - Ronald T. Raines
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706,
United States
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33
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van Berkel SS, van Eldijk MB, van Hest JCM. Staudinger ligation as a method for bioconjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:8806-27. [PMID: 21887733 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201008102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In 1919 the German chemist Hermann Staudinger was the first to describe the reaction between an azide and a phosphine. It was not until recently, however, that Bertozzi and co-workers recognized the potential of this reaction as a method for bioconjugation and transformed it into the so-called Staudinger ligation. The bio-orthogonal character of both the azide and the phosphine functions has resulted in the Staudinger ligation finding numerous applications in various complex biological systems. For example, the Staudinger ligation has been utilized to label glycans, lipids, DNA, and proteins. Moreover, the Staudinger ligation has been used as a synthetic method to construct glycopeptides, microarrays, and functional biopolymers. In the emerging field of bio-orthogonal ligation strategies, the Staudinger ligation has set a high standard to which most of the new techniques are often compared. This Review summarizes recent developments and new applications of the Staudinger ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander S van Berkel
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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34
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van Berkel SS, van Eldijk MB, van Hest JCM. Staudinger-Ligation als Methode zur Biokonjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201008102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Bernardes GJL, Linderoth L, Doores KJ, Boutureira O, Davis BG. Site-Selective Traceless Staudinger Ligation for Glycoprotein Synthesis Reveals Scope and Limitations. Chembiochem 2011; 12:1383-6. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Vala C, Chrétien F, Balentova E, Lamandé-Langle S, Chapleur Y. Neoglycopeptides through direct functionalization of cysteine. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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37
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Schilling CI, Jung N, Biskup M, Schepers U, Bräse S. Bioconjugation via azide–Staudinger ligation: an overview. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:4840-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00123f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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Niemietz M, Perkams L, Hoffman J, Eller S, Unverzagt C. Selective oxidative debenzylation of mono- and oligosaccharides in the presence of azides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:10485-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13884g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Swor CD, Hanson KR, Zakharov LN, Tyler DR. Reactions of coordinated hydroxymethylphosphines with NH-functional amines: the phosphorus lone pair is crucial for the phosphorus Mannich reaction. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:8604-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10586h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Pal AJ, Mallick A, Reddy YS, Vankar YD. Molecular iodine-promoted N- and C-glycosylation of 1-C-alkyl (or phenyl)-glycopyranoses. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Carroll L, Boldon S, Bejot R, Moore JE, Declerck J, Gouverneur V. The traceless Staudinger ligation for indirect 18F-radiolabelling. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 9:136-40. [PMID: 21103523 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00564a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Staudinger ligation of phosphine-substituted thioesters with (18)F-fluoroethylazide has been successfully applied to access (18)F-labelled molecules in radiochemical yields superior to 95%; the first fluorous variant of a Staudinger radio-ligation has been validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Carroll
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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42
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Witczak ZJ. Recent advances in the synthesis of functionalized carbohydrate azides. CARBOHYDRATE CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849730891-00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew J. Witczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nesbitt School of Pharmacy, Wilkes University Wilkes-Barre, 84 W. South Street 18766 Pennsylvania U.S.A
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43
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Jaradat DMM, Hamouda H, Hackenberger CPR. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Phosphoramidate-Linked Glycopeptides. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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44
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Tiefenbrunn TK, Dawson PE. Chemoselective ligation techniques: modern applications of time-honored chemistry. Biopolymers 2010; 94:95-106. [PMID: 20091876 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemoselective ligation techniques enable the selective modification of proteins and other biomolecules in dilute aqueous solution. Importantly, these reactions occur at or near physiological pH and are compatible with the complex array of functional groups commonly found in biological macromolecules including proteins, nucleotides, and carbohydrates, allowing conjugation reactions to be carried out on unprotected substrates. Recently, a growing number of reactions with established utility in synthetic organic chemistry have been shown to have surprising utility in the context of biological molecules in aqueous media. In this review we highlight several promising reactions that may have widespread applicability in the generation of new materials based on biological macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa K Tiefenbrunn
- Department of Cell Biology, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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45
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Nisic F, Andreini M, Bernardi A. Stereoselective Synthesis ofN-Glycosyl Amino Acids by Traceless Staudinger Ligation of Unprotected Glycosyl Azides. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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46
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Talan RS, Sanki AK, Sucheck SJ. Facile synthesis of N-glycosyl amides using a N-glycosyl-2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide and thioacids. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:2048-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Schierholt A, Shaikh HA, Schmidt-Lassen J, Lindhorst TK. Utilizing Staudinger Ligation for the Synthesis of Glycoamino Acid Building Blocks and Other Glycomimetics. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Gamblin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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49
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A novel synthesis of β-d-mannopyranosyl azide by phase transfer catalysis. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:240-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Revised: 10/24/2008] [Accepted: 10/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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50
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Abstract
The engineering of proteins can illuminate their biological function and improve their performance in a variety of applications. Within the past decade, methods have been developed that facilitate the ability of chemists to manipulate proteins in a controlled manner. Here, we present the traceless Staudinger ligation as a strategy for the convergent chemical synthesis of proteins. This reaction unites a phosphinothioester and an azide to form an amide bond with no residual atoms. An important feature of this reaction is its ability to ligate peptides at noncysteine residues, thereby overcoming a limitation of alternative strategies. Attributes of the traceless Staudinger ligation are discussed, and an overall comparison of known reagents for effecting the reaction is presented. General methods are elaborated for the synthesis of the most efficacious phosphinothiol for mediating the traceless Staudinger ligation, as well as for the preparation of phosphinothioester and azide fragments and the ligation of peptides immobilized on a solid support. Together, this information facilitates the use of this emerging method to engineer proteins.
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