1
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Kim GJ, Mascuch SJ, Mevers E, Boudreau PD, Gerwick WH, Choi H. Luquilloamides, Cytotoxic Lipopeptides from a Puerto Rican Collection of the Filamentous Marine Cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. J Org Chem 2021; 87:1043-1055. [PMID: 34967649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Luquilloamides A-G (1-7) were isolated from a small environmental collection of a marine cyanobacterium found growing on eelgrass (Zostera sp.) near Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Structure elucidation of the luquilloamides was accomplished via detailed NMR and MS analyses, and absolute configurations were determined using a combination of advanced Mosher's method, J-based configuration analysis, semisynthetic fragment analysis derived from ozonolysis, methylation, Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, Mosher's esterification, specific rotations, and ECD data. Except for 2, the luquilloamides share a characteristic tert-butyl-containing polyketide fragment, β-alanine, and a proposed highly modified polyketide extension. While compound 1 is a linear lipopeptide with two α-methyl branches and a vinyl chloride functionality in the polyketide portion, compounds 4, 6, and 7 possess a cyclohexanone structure with methylation on the α- or β-positions of the polyketide as well as an acetyl group. Interestingly, the absolute configuration at C-5 and C-6 on the cyclohexanone unit in 7 is opposite to that of 4-6. Compound 3 was revealed to have a tert-butyl-containing polyketide, β-alanine, and a PKS/NRPS-derived γ-isopropyl pyrrolinone. Compound 2 may be a hydrolysis product of 3. Of the seven new compounds, 1 showed the most potent cytotoxicity to human H-460 lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Samantha J Mascuch
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Emily Mevers
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Paul D Boudreau
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - William H Gerwick
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Hyukjae Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.,Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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2
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Mo X, Gulder TAM. Biosynthetic strategies for tetramic acid formation. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1555-1566. [PMID: 33710214 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00099j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2020Natural products bearing tetramic acid units as part of complex molecular architectures exhibit a broad range of potent biological activities. These compounds thus attract significant interest from both the biosynthetic and synthetic communities. Biosynthetically, most of the tetramic acids are derived from hybrid polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) machineries. To date, over 30 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) involved in tetramate formation have been identified, from which different biosynthetic strategies evolved in Nature to assemble this intriguing structural unit were characterized. In this Highlight we focus on the biosynthetic concepts of tetramic acid formation and discuss the molecular mechanism towards selected representatives in detail, providing a systematic overview for the development of strategies for targeted tetramate genome mining and future applications of tetramate-forming biocatalysts for chemo-enzymatic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhua Mo
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China. and Chair of Technical Biochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Tobias A M Gulder
- Chair of Technical Biochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
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3
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Murakami A, Hayashi JI, Igawa K, Tsutsumi M, Tomooka K, Nagai H, Nehira T. Natural dolapyrrolidone: Isolation and absolute stereochemistry of a substructure of bioactive peptides. Chirality 2020; 32:1152-1159. [PMID: 32602569 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
During the course of our chemical analysis of the hydrophilic fractions from marine cyanobacterium Moorena producens, we have isolated natural dolapyrrolidone (Dpy, 1), a natural pyrrolidone derived from phenylalanine, for the first time as a single compound. Compound 1, with an (S)-l absolute stereochemistry, was previously identified as a substructure that is common among several bioactive natural peptides. Surprisingly, the absolute stereochemistry of the isolated natural 1, determined through total synthesis, was (R)-d. This result was unambiguously determined by HPLC analysis using a chiral stationary column by comparing the retention times of the natural 1 and authentic samples of synthetic enantiomers. To verify the unexpected result, the absolute stereochemistry of the natural 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis of Pt-complex derivative using the synthetic enantiomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana Murakami
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Hayashi
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Igawa
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Tsutsumi
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Tokyo University of Marine Sciences and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tomooka
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagai
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Tokyo University of Marine Sciences and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Nehira
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan.,Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
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4
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Sala S, Fromont J, Gomez O, Vuong D, Lacey E, Flematti GR. Albanitriles A-G: Antiprotozoal Polyacetylene Nitriles from a Mycale Marine Sponge. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:3450-3455. [PMID: 31833368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Seven new nitrile-bearing polyacetylenes, named albanitriles A-G, were isolated from a marine sponge of the Mycale genus (Order: Poecilosclerida, Family: Mycalidae) collected near Albany, Western Australia. Structural elucidation was achieved using a combination of high-resolution mass spectrometry and ultraviolet/visible, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The compounds were found to possess moderate activity against Giardia duodenalis when compared to a metronidazole positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Sala
- School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia
| | - Jane Fromont
- Western Australian Museum , Welshpool , WA 6106 , Australia
| | - Oliver Gomez
- Western Australian Museum , Welshpool , WA 6106 , Australia
| | - Daniel Vuong
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd. , Smithfield , NSW 2164 , Australia
| | - Ernest Lacey
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd. , Smithfield , NSW 2164 , Australia
| | - Gavin R Flematti
- School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia
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5
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El-Demerdash A, Tammam MA, Atanasov AG, Hooper JNA, Al-Mourabit A, Kijjoa A. Chemistry and Biological Activities of the Marine Sponges of the Genera Mycale ( Arenochalina), Biemna and Clathria. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E214. [PMID: 29912171 PMCID: PMC6025471 DOI: 10.3390/md16060214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past seven decades, particularly since the discovery of the first marine-derived nucleosides, spongothymidine and spongouridine, from the Caribbean sponge Cryptotethya crypta in the early 1950s, marine natural products have emerged as unique, renewable and yet under-investigated pools for discovery of new drug leads with distinct structural features, and myriad interesting biological activities. Marine sponges are the most primitive and simplest multicellular animals, with approximately 8900 known described species, although more than 15,000 species are thought to exist worldwide today. These marine organisms potentially represent the richest pipeline for novel drug leads. Mycale (Arenochalina) and Clathria are recognized marine sponge genera belonging to the order Poecilosclerida, whereas Biemna was more recently reclassified, based on molecular genetics, as a new order Biemnida. Together, these sponge genera contribute to the production of physiologically active molecular entities with diverse structural features and a wide range of medicinal and therapeutic potentialities. In this review, we provide a comprehensive insight and up-to-date literature survey over the period of 1976⁻2018, focusing on the chemistry of the isolated compounds from members of these three genera, as well as their biological and pharmacological activities, whenever available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr El-Demerdash
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Sorbonne Universités, UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France.
- Organic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Tammam
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt.
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland.
| | - John N A Hooper
- Queensland Museum, Biodiversity & Geosciences Program, P.O. Box 3300, South Brisbane BC, Queensland 4101, Australia.
| | - Ali Al-Mourabit
- ICSN-Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, University of Paris-Saclay, 1, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar & CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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6
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Caso A, Mangoni A, Piccialli G, Costantino V, Piccialli V. Studies toward the Synthesis of Smenamide A, an Antiproliferative Metabolite from Smenospongia aurea: Total Synthesis of ent-Smenamide A and 16- epi-Smenamide A. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:1477-1488. [PMID: 30023636 PMCID: PMC6044836 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A chiral pool protocol toward the synthesis of the smenamide family of natural products is described. Two stereoisomers of smenamide A, namely, ent-smenamide A and 16-epi-smenamide A were synthesized with a 2.6 and 2.5% overall yield, respectively. Their carboxylic acid moieties were assembled starting from S-citronellene via two Wittig reactions and a Grignard process. Its coupling with either (S)- or (R)-dolapyrrolidinone, synthesized from Boc-l-Phe and Boc-d-Phe, respectively, was accomplished by using the Andrus protocol. This work also established the previously unknown relative and absolute configurations of smenamide A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Caso
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfonso Mangoni
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gennaro Piccialli
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Costantino
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Piccialli
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cintia
4, 80126 Naples, Italy
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7
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Mo X, Li Q, Ju J. Naturally occurring tetramic acid products: isolation, structure elucidation and biological activity. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09047k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products containing the tetramic acid core scaffold have been isolated from an assortment of terrestrial and marine species and often display wide ranging and potent biological activities including antibacterial, antiviral and antitumoral activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhua Mo
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology
- School of Life Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology
| | - Qinglian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica
- RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jianhua Ju
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica
- RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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8
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Teta R, Irollo E, Della Sala G, Pirozzi G, Mangoni A, Costantino V. Smenamides A and B, chlorinated peptide/polyketide hybrids containing a dolapyrrolidinone unit from the Caribbean sponge Smenospongia aurea. Evaluation of their role as leads in antitumor drug research. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:4451-63. [PMID: 24217287 PMCID: PMC3853738 DOI: 10.3390/md11114451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An in-depth study of the secondary metabolites contained in the Caribbean sponge Smenospongia aurea led to the isolation of smenamide A (1) and B (2), hybrid peptide/polyketide compounds containing a dolapyrrolidinone unit. Their structures were elucidated using high-resolution ESI-MS/MS and homo- and heteronuclear 2D NMR experiments. Structures of smenamides suggested that they are products of the cyanobacterial metabolism, and 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis detected Synechococcus spongiarum as the only cyanobacterium present in S. aurea. Smenamides showed potent cytotoxic activity at nanomolar levels on lung cancer Calu-1 cells, which for compound 1 is exerted through a clear pro-apoptotic mechanism. This makes smenamides promising leads for antitumor drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Teta
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (R.T.); (G.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Elena Irollo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (E.I.); (G.P.)
| | - Gerardo Della Sala
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (R.T.); (G.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Pirozzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (E.I.); (G.P.)
| | - Alfonso Mangoni
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (R.T.); (G.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Valeria Costantino
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (R.T.); (G.S.); (A.M.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +39-081-678-504; Fax: +39-081-678-552
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9
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Grkovic T, Blees JS, Colburn NH, Schmid T, Thomas CL, Henrich CJ, McMahon JB, Gustafson KR. Cryptocaryols A-H, α-pyrone-containing 1,3-polyols from Cryptocarya sp. implicated in stabilizing the tumor suppressor Pdcd4. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:1015-20. [PMID: 21539301 PMCID: PMC4671369 DOI: 10.1021/np100918z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A high-throughput cell-based reporter assay designed to identify small-molecule stabilizers of the tumor suppressor Pdcd4 was used to screen extracts in the NCI Natural Products Repository. Bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract from a Papua New Guinea collection of the tropical tree Cryptocarya sp. provided a series of new 5,6-dihydro-α-pyrone-containing 1,3-polyols (1-8), named cryptocaryols A-H. Their structures were assigned from a combination of NMR, MS, and CD studies in conjunction with NMR database comparisons. Compounds 1-8 were found to rescue Pdcd4 from TPA-induced degradation with EC50 concentrations that ranged from 1.3 to 4.9 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Grkovic
- Molecular Targets Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Johanna S. Blees
- Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nancy H. Colburn
- Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Tobias Schmid
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Cheryl L. Thomas
- Molecular Targets Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Curtis J. Henrich
- Molecular Targets Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - James B. McMahon
- Molecular Targets Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Kirk R. Gustafson
- Molecular Targets Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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10
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Lan HQ, Ye JL, Wang AE, Ruan YP, Huang PQ. A flexible asymmetric approach to methyl 5-alkyltetramates and its application in the synthesis of cytotoxic marine natural product belamide A. Chemistry 2010; 17:958-68. [PMID: 21226113 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
By using a methyl tetramate derivative (R)- or (S)-9 as a novel chiral building block, a direct, flexible, and highly enantioselective approach to methyl (R)- or (S)-5-alkyltetramates (2) is disclosed. Among the synthesized methyl 5-alkyltetramates 2, methyl 5-methyltetramate (2 a) is found in cytotoxic mirabimide E (4) and dysideapyrrolidone (5), and methyl 5-benzyltetramate (2 g) is a substructure in the potent antineoplastic dolastatin 15 (3). On the basis of this method, the first asymmetric synthesis of the antimitotic tetrapeptide belamide A (7) has been achieved in seven steps from (S)-9, with an overall yield of 23.8 %. Not only have the structure and absolute configuration of (+)-belamide A (7) been confirmed, but also the solvent used for recording the (13) C NMR spectrum, the (13) C NMR spectrum data correlation, and optical rotation data of natural belamide A (7) have been revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qiao Lan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
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11
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Zhang W, Li Z, Miao X, Zhang F. The screening of antimicrobial bacteria with diverse novel nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes from South China sea sponges. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2009; 11:346-355. [PMID: 18853226 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-008-9148-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) adenylation (A) domain genes were investigated by polymerase chain reaction for 109 bacteria isolated from four South China Sea sponges, Stelletta tenuis, Halichondria rugosa, Dysidea avara, and Craniella australiensis. Meanwhile, the antimicrobial bioassay of bacteria with NRPS genes were carried out to confirm the screening of NRPS genes. Fifteen bacteria were found to contain NRPS genes and grouped into two phyla Firmicutes (13 of 15) and Proteobacteria (two of 15) according to 16S rDNA sequences. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of the conserved A domain amino acid sequences, most of the NRPS fragments (11 of 15) showed below 70% similarity to their closest relatives suggesting the novelty of these NRPS genes. All of the 15 bacteria with NRPS genes have antimicrobial activities, with most of them exhibiting activity against multiple indicators including fungi and gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The different antimicrobial spectra indicate the chemical diversity of biologically active metabolites of sponge-associated bacteria and the possible role of bacterial symbionts in the host's antimicrobial chemical defense. Phylogenetic analysis based on the representative NRPS genes shows high diversity of marine NRPS genes. The combined molecular technique and bioassay strategy will be useful to obtain sponge-associated bacteria with the potential to synthesize bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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12
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Mayer AMS, Gustafson KR. Marine pharmacology in 2005-2006: antitumour and cytotoxic compounds. Eur J Cancer 2008; 44:2357-87. [PMID: 18701274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Revised: 06/23/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
During 2005 and 2006, marine pharmacology research directed towards the discovery and development of novel antitumour agents was reported in 171 peer-reviewed articles. The purpose of this article is to present a structured review of the antitumour and cytotoxic properties of 136 marine natural products, many of which are novel compounds that belong to diverse structural classes, including polyketides, terpenes, steroids and peptides. The organisms yielding these bioactive marine compounds included invertebrate animals, algae, fungi and bacteria. Antitumour pharmacological studies were conducted with 42 structurally defined marine natural products in a number of experimental and clinical models which further defined their mechanisms of action. Particularly potent in vitro cytotoxicity data generated with murine and human tumour cell lines were reported for 94 novel marine chemicals with as yet undetermined mechanisms of action. Noteworthy is the fact that marine anticancer research was sustained by a global collaborative effort, involving researchers from Australia, Belgium, Benin, Brazil, Canada, China, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Panama, the Philippines, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA). Finally, this 2005-2006 overview of the marine pharmacology literature highlights the fact that the discovery of novel marine antitumour agents continued at the same active pace as during 1998-2004.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M S Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
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13
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Changes in bacterial communities of the marine sponge Mycale laxissima on transfer into aquaculture. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 74:1209-22. [PMID: 18156319 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02047-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The changes in bacterial communities associated with the marine sponge Mycale laxissima on transfer to aquaculture were studied using culture-based and molecular techniques. M. laxissima was maintained alive in flowthrough and closed recirculating aquaculture systems for 2 years and 1 year, respectively. The bacterial communities associated with wild and aquacultured sponges, as well as the surrounding water, were assessed using 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Bacterial richness and diversity were measured using DOTUR computer software, and clone libraries were compared using S-LIBSHUFF. DGGE analysis revealed that the diversity of the bacterial community of M. laxissima increased when sponges were maintained in aquaculture and that bacterial communities associated with wild and aquacultured M. laxissima were markedly different than those of the corresponding surrounding water. Clone libraries of bacterial 16S rRNA from sponges confirmed that the bacterial communities changed during aquaculture. These communities were significantly different than those of seawater and aquarium water. The diversity of bacterial communities associated with M. laxissima increased significantly in aquaculture. Our work shows that it is important to monitor changes in bacterial communities when examining the feasibility of growing sponges in aquaculture systems because these communities may change. This could have implications for the health of sponges or for the production of bioactive compounds by sponges in cases where these compounds are produced by symbiotic bacteria rather than by the sponges themselves.
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14
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Dembitsky VM. Bioactive peroxides as potential therapeutic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 43:223-51. [PMID: 17618015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2007] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Present review describes research on more than 280 natural anticancer agents isolated from terrestrial and marine sources and synthetic biologically active peroxides. Intensive searches for new classes of pharmacologically potent agents produced by terrestrial and marine organisms have resulted in the discovery of dozens of compounds possessing high cytotoxic, antibacterial, antimalarial, and other activities as an important source of leads for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem Campus, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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15
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Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2005 for marine natural products, with 704 citations (493 for the period January to December 2005) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green algae, brown algae, red algae, sponges, coelenterates, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates and echinoderms. The emphasis is on new compounds (812 for 2005), together with their relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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