1
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Dhakal B, Mandhapati A, Eradi P, Park S, Fibben K, Li K, DeYong A, Escopy S, Karki G, Park DD, Haller CA, Dai E, Sun L, Lam WA, Chaikof EL. Total Synthesis of a PSGL-1 Glycopeptide Analogue for Targeted Inhibition of P-Selectin. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17414-17427. [PMID: 38865166 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The high affinity interaction between P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) and P-selectin is mediated by a multimotif glycosulfopeptide (GSP) recognition domain consisting of clustered tyrosine sulfates and a Core 2 O-glycan terminated with sialyl LewisX (C2-O-sLeX). These distinct GSP motifs are much more common than previously appreciated within a wide variety of functionally important domains involved in protein-protein interactions. However, despite the potential of GSPs to serve as tools for fundamental studies and prospects for drug discovery, their utility has been limited by the absence of chemical schemes for synthesis on scale. Herein, we report the total synthesis of GSnP-6, an analogue of the N-terminal domain of PSGL-1, and potent inhibitor of P-selectin. An efficient, scalable, hydrogenolysis-free synthesis of C2-O-sLeX-Thr-COOH was identified by both convergent and orthogonal one-pot assembly, which afforded this crucial building block, ready for direct use in solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). C2-O-sLeX-Thr-COOH was synthesized in 10 steps with an overall yield of 23% from the 4-O,5-N oxazolidinone thiosialoside donor. This synthesis represents an 80-fold improvement in reaction yield as compared to prior reports, achieving the first gram scale synthesis of SPPS ready C2-O-sLeX-Thr-COOH and enabling the scalable synthesis of GSnP-6 for preclinical evaluation. Significantly, we established that GSnP-6 displays dose-dependent inhibition of venous thrombosis in vivo and inhibits vaso-occlusive events in a human sickle cell disease equivalent microvasculature-on-a-chip system. The insights gained in formulating this design strategy can be broadly applied to the synthesis of a wide variety of biologically important oligosaccharides and O-glycan bearing glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Dhakal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Appi Mandhapati
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Pradheep Eradi
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Simon Park
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Kirby Fibben
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kaicheng Li
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Ashley DeYong
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Samira Escopy
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Geeta Karki
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Diane D Park
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Carolyn A Haller
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Erbin Dai
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Lijun Sun
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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2
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Remmerswaal W, Elferink H, Houthuijs KJ, Hansen T, ter Braak F, Berden G, van der Vorm S, Martens J, Oomens J, van der Marel GA, Boltje TJ, Codée JDC. Anomeric Triflates versus Dioxanium Ions: Different Product-Forming Intermediates from 3-Acyl Benzylidene Mannosyl and Glucosyl Donors. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1618-1625. [PMID: 38235652 PMCID: PMC10845153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Minimal structural differences in the structure of glycosyl donors can have a tremendous impact on their reactivity and the stereochemical outcome of their glycosylation reactions. Here, we used a combination of systematic glycosylation reactions, the characterization of potential reactive intermediates, and in-depth computational studies to study the disparate behavior of glycosylation systems involving benzylidene glucosyl and mannosyl donors. While these systems have been studied extensively, no satisfactory explanations are available for the differences observed between the 3-O-benzyl/benzoyl mannose and glucose donor systems. The potential energy surfaces of the different reaction pathways available for these donors provide an explanation for the contrasting behavior of seemingly very similar systems. Evidence has been provided for the intermediacy of benzylidene mannosyl 1,3-dioxanium ions, while the formation of the analogous 1,3-glucosyl dioxanium ions is thwarted by a prohibitively strong flagpole interaction of the C-2-O-benzyl group with the C-5 proton in moving toward the transition state, in which the glucose ring adopts a B2,5-conformation. This study provides an explanation for the intermediacy of 1,3-dioxanium ions in the mannosyl system and an answer to why these do not form from analogous glucosyl donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter
A. Remmerswaal
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Hidde Elferink
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Kas J. Houthuijs
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, Nijmegen 6525 ED, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular
and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, De Boelelaan
1108, Amsterdam 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Floor ter Braak
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Giel Berden
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, Nijmegen 6525 ED, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan van der Vorm
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Martens
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, Nijmegen 6525 ED, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, Nijmegen 6525 ED, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas J. Boltje
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
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3
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Kang JY, Huang H. Triflic Anhydride (Tf2O)-Activated Transformations of Amides, Sulfoxides and Phosphorus Oxides via Nucleophilic Trapping. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1679-8205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTrifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (Tf2O) is utilized as a strong electrophilic activator in a wide range of applications in synthetic organic chemistry, leading to the transient generation of a triflate intermediate. This versatile triflate intermediate undergoes nucleophilic trapping with diverse nucleophiles to yield novel compounds. In this review, we describe the features and applications of triflic anhydride in organic synthesis reported in the past decade, especially in amide, sulfoxide, and phosphorus oxide chemistry through electrophilic activation. A plausible mechanistic pathway for each important reaction is also discussed.1 Introduction2 Amide Chemistry2.1 Carbon Nucleophiles2.2 Hydrogen Nucleophiles2.3 Nitrogen Nucleophiles2.4 Oxygen and Sulfur Nucleophiles2.5 hosphorus Nucleophiles2.6 A Vilsmeier-Type Reagent2.7 Umpolung Reactivity in Amides3 Sulfoxide Chemistry3.1 Oxygen Nucleophiles3.2 Carbon Nucleophiles3.3 Nitrogen Nucleophiles3.4 Thionium Reagents4 Phosphorus Chemistry4.1 Hendrickson’s Reagent4.2 Diaryl Phosphine Oxides4.3 Phosphonates, Phosphates and Phosphinates5 Conclusion and Outlook
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yong Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas
| | - Hai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University
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4
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Muru K, Cloutier M, Provost-Savard A, Di Cintio S, Burton O, Cordeil J, Groleau MC, Legault J, Déziel E, Gauthier C. Total Synthesis of a Chimeric Glycolipid Bearing the Partially Acetylated Backbone of Sponge-Derived Agminoside E. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15357-15375. [PMID: 34672576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe the total synthesis of a chimeric glycolipid bearing both the partially acetylated backbone of sponge-derived agminoside E and the (R)-3-hydroxydecanoic acid chain of bacterial rhamnolipids. The branched pentaglucolipid skeleton was achieved using a [3 + 2] disconnection approach. The β-(1 → 2) and β-(1 → 4)-glycosidic bonds were synthesized through a combination of NIS/Yb(OTf)3- and TMSOTf-mediated stereoselective glycosylations of thiotolyl, N-phenyltrifluoroacetimidate, and trichloroacetimidate donors. Late-stage pentaacetylation, Staudinger reduction of a (2-azidomethyl)benzoyl group, followed by continuous-flow microfluidic hydrogenolysis completed the total synthesis of the structurally simplified glycolipid, whose partial acetylation pattern on the glycan part was identical to agminoside E. Our study lays the foundation for the total synthesis of sponge-derived agminosides and the understanding of their biological functions in sponges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Muru
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Maude Cloutier
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Arianne Provost-Savard
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Sabrina Di Cintio
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Océane Burton
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Justin Cordeil
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Groleau
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Jean Legault
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), 555, boulevard de l'Université, Chicoutimi, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Eric Déziel
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Charles Gauthier
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
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5
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Asressu KH, Chang C, Lam S, Wang C. Donor‐Reactivity‐Controlled Sialylation Reactions. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kesatebrhan Haile Asressu
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST) Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan
| | - Chun‐Wei Chang
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan
| | - Sarah Lam
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Chung Wang
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST) Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan
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6
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Chinarev AA, Sablina MA, Kunetskiy RA, Shilova NV, Polyakova SV, Paramonov AS, Saha J, Bovin NV. Synthesis of spacer armed Kdn(2→6') and (2→3')-lactosamines for immunochemical research. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Vibhute AM, Komura N, Tanaka HN, Imamura A, Ando H. Advanced Chemical Methods for Stereoselective Sialylation and Their Applications in Sialoglycan Syntheses. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3194-3223. [PMID: 34028159 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid is an important component of cell surface glycans, which are responsible for many vital body functions and should therefore be thoroughly studied to understand their biological roles and association with disorders. The difficulty of isolating large quantities of homogenous-state sialoglycans from natural sources has inspired the development of the corresponding chemical synthesis methods affording acceptable purities, yields, and amounts. However, the related syntheses are challenging because of the difficulties in α-glycosylation of sialic acid, which arises from its certain structural features such as the absence of a stereodirecting group at the C3 position and presence of carboxyl group at the anomeric position. Moreover, the structural complexities of sialoglycans with diverse numbers and locations of sialic acid on the glycan chains pose additional barriers. Thus, efficient α-stereoselective routes to sialosides remain highly sought after, although various types of sialyl donors/acceptors have been developed for the straightforward synthesis of α-sialosides. Herein, we review the latest progress in the α-stereoselective synthesis of sialosides and their applications in the preparation of gangliosides and other sialoglycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol M Vibhute
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hide-Nori Tanaka
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Akihiro Imamura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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8
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Haynie T, Gubler S, Drees C, Heaton T, Mitton T, Gleave Q, Bendelac A, Deng S, Savage PB. Synthesis of the pentasaccharide repeating unit from Ruminococcus gnavus and measurement of its inflammatory properties. RSC Adv 2021; 11:14357-14361. [PMID: 35424013 PMCID: PMC8697740 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01918j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles played by the gut microbiome in human health are increasingly recognized, and the prevalence of specific microorganisms has been correlated with different diseases. For example, blooms of the Gram-positive bacterium Ruminococcus gnavus have been correlated with inflammatory bowel disease, and recently a polysaccharide produced by this organism was shown to stimulate release of inflammatory cytokines. This stimulation was proposed to signal through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We have synthesized the pentasaccharide repeating unit of this polysaccharide and showed that it stimulates TNF-α and IL-6 release from bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in a TLR4-dependent manner. A related glycan does not stimulate significant cytokine release, demonstrating TLR4 selectivity in glycan recognition. The roles played by the gut microbiome in human health are increasingly recognized, and the prevalence of specific microorganisms has been correlated with different diseases.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Teron Haynie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Brigham Young University
- Provo
- USA
| | - Shawn Gubler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Brigham Young University
- Provo
- USA
| | - Christoph Drees
- Committee on Immunology
- Department of Pathology
- University of Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Tanner Heaton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Brigham Young University
- Provo
- USA
| | - Tanner Mitton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Brigham Young University
- Provo
- USA
| | - Quinn Gleave
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Brigham Young University
- Provo
- USA
| | - Albert Bendelac
- Committee on Immunology
- Department of Pathology
- University of Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Shenglou Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Brigham Young University
- Provo
- USA
| | - Paul B. Savage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Brigham Young University
- Provo
- USA
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9
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Geringer SA, Singh Y, Hoard DJ, Demchenko AV. A Highly Efficient Glycosidation of Glycosyl Chlorides by Using Cooperative Silver(I) Oxide-Triflic Acid Catalysis. Chemistry 2020; 26:8053-8063. [PMID: 32145116 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Following our discovery that silver(I) oxide-promoted glycosylation with glycosyl bromides can be greatly accelerated in the presence of catalytic TMSOTf or TfOH, we report herein a new discovery that glycosyl chlorides are even more effective glycosyl donors under these reaction conditions. The developed reaction conditions work well with a variety of glycosyl chlorides. Both benzoylated and benzylated chlorides have been successfully glycosidated, and these reaction conditions proved to be effective in coupling substrates containing nitrogen and sulfur atoms. Another convenient feature of this glycosylation is that the progress of the reaction can be monitored visually; its completion can be judged by the disappearance of the characteristic dark color of Ag2 O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Geringer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Yashapal Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Daniel J Hoard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
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10
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Chen J, Hansen T, Zhang Q, Liu D, Sun Y, Yan H, Codée JDC, Schmidt RR, Sun J. 1‐Picolinyl‐5‐azido Thiosialosides: Versatile Donors for the Stereoselective Construction of Sialyl Linkages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden University Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden Netherlands
| | - Qing‐Ju Zhang
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - De‐Yong Liu
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Yao Sun
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Hao Yan
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden University Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden Netherlands
| | - Richard R. Schmidt
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Konstanz 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Jian‐Song Sun
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
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11
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Chen J, Hansen T, Zhang Q, Liu D, Sun Y, Yan H, Codée JDC, Schmidt RR, Sun J. 1‐Picolinyl‐5‐azido Thiosialosides: Versatile Donors for the Stereoselective Construction of Sialyl Linkages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17000-17008. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden University Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden Netherlands
| | - Qing‐Ju Zhang
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - De‐Yong Liu
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Yao Sun
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Hao Yan
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden University Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden Netherlands
| | - Richard R. Schmidt
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Konstanz 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Jian‐Song Sun
- The National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
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12
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Zeng J, Wang R, Zhang S, Fang J, Liu S, Sun G, Xu B, Xiao Y, Fu D, Zhang W, Hu Y, Wan Q. Hydrogen-Bonding-Assisted Exogenous Nucleophilic Reagent Effect for β-Selective Glycosylation of Rare 3-Amino Sugars. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8509-8515. [PMID: 31067044 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Challenges for stereoselective glycosylation of deoxy sugars are notorious in carbohydrate chemistry. We herein report a novel strategy for the construction of the less investigated β-glycosidic bonds of 3,5- trans-3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy sugars (3,5- trans-3-ADSs), which constitute the core structure of several biologically important antibiotics. Current protocol leverages a C-3 axial sulfonamide group in 3,5- trans-3-ADSs as a hydrogen-bond (H-bond) donor and repurposes substoichiometric phosphine oxide as an exogenous nucleophilic reagent (exNu) to establish an intramolecular H-bond between the former and the derived α-oxyphosphonium ion. This pivotal interaction stabilizes the α-face-covered intermediate to inhibit the formation of the more reactive β-intermediate, thereby yielding reversed β-selectivity, which is unconventional for an exNu-mediated glycosylation system. A wide range of substrates was accommodated, and good to excellent β-selectivities were ensured by this H-bonding-assisted exNu effect. The robustness of the current strategy was further attested by the architectural modification of natural products and drugs containing 3,5- trans-3-ADSs, as well as the synthesis of a trisaccharide unit in avidinorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Ruobin Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Jing Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies , Wuhan University , 299 Bayi Street , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , China
| | - Guangfei Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Bingbing Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Dengxian Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Yixin Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Qian Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China.,Institute of Brain Research , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
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13
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Step-economy synthesis of β-steryl sialosides using a sialyl iodide donor. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2019; 72:449-460. [PMID: 30886347 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-019-0165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Steryl glycosides are prevalent in nature and have unique biological activities dictated by sterol structure, sugar composition, and the stereochemical attachment of the aglycone. A single configurational switch can have profound biological consequences meriting the systematic study of structure and function relationships. Steryl congeners of N-acetyl neuraminic acid (NANA) impact neurobiological processes and may also mediate host/microbe interactions. In order to study these processes, a platform for the synthesis of β-steryl sialosides has been established. Promoter-free glycosidations using a novel α-linked sialyl iodide donor efficiently provide unique amphiphilic sialoglycoconjugates for examining bioactivities in various systems.
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14
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Hayashi T, Kehr G, Bergander K, Gilmour R. Stereospecific α‐Sialylation by Site‐Selective Fluorination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3814-3818. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Hayashi
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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15
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Wang L, Overkleeft HS, van der Marel GA, Codée JDC. Reagent Controlled Stereoselective Assembly of α-(1,3)-Glucans. European J Org Chem 2019; 2019:1994-2003. [PMID: 31007571 PMCID: PMC6470887 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pre-activation based glycosylations have become a very powerful tool in the assembly of oligosaccharides and the use of nucleophilic additives allows for the in situ generation of reactive intermediates with tailored reactivity. We here use a glycosylation strategy that is based on the use of per-benzylated imidate building blocks for the fully stereoselective construction of a spacer equipped Aspergillus fumigatus α-1,3-octaglucan. We have used the trimethylsilyl iodide (TMSI)-triphenylphosphine oxide (Ph3P=O) for the stereoselective installation of an azidopropanol spacer and triflic acid (TfOH)-dimethyl formamide (DMF) enabled glycosylations for the coupling reactions with the secondary glucosyl C-3-alcohols. An operationally simple in situ activation coupling procedure is introduced and used for the final glycosylation events towards the octasaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333CC LeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Herman S. Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333CC LeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333CC LeidenThe Netherlands
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16
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Hayashi T, Kehr G, Bergander K, Gilmour R. Stereospecific α‐Sialylation by Site‐Selective Fluorination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Hayashi
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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17
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Panova MV, Orlova AV, Kononov LO. Stabilization of sialyl cation in axial conformation assisted by remote acyl groups. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Dhakal B, Crich D. Synthesis and Stereocontrolled Equatorially Selective Glycosylation Reactions of a Pseudaminic Acid Donor: Importance of the Side-Chain Conformation and Regioselective Reduction of Azide Protecting Groups. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15008-15015. [PMID: 30351022 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pseudaminic acid is an amino deoxy sialic acid whose glycosides are essential components of many pathogenic Gram-negative bacterial cell walls including those from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Vibrio vulnificus, and Pseudoalteromonas distincta. The study of pseudaminic acid glycosides is however hampered by poor availability from nature and the paucity of good synthetic methods and limited to no understanding of the factors controlling stereoselectivity. Conformational analysis of the side chains of various stereoisomeric sialic acids suggested that the side chain of pseudaminic acid would take up the most electron-withdrawing trans, gauche-conformation, as opposed to the gauche, gauche conformation of N-acetyl neuraminic acid and the gauche, trans-conformtion of 7- epi N-acetyl neuraminic acid, leading to the prediction of high equatorial selectivity. This prediction is borne out by the synthesis of a suitably protected pseudaminic acid donor from N-acetyl neuraminic acid in 20 steps and 5% overall yield and by the exquisite equatorial selectivity it displays in coupling reactions with typical glycosyl acceptors. The selectivity of the glycosylation reactions is further buttressed by the development and implementation of conditions for the regioselective release of the two amines from the corresponding azides, such as required for the preparation of the lipopolysaccharides. These findings open the way to the synthesis and study of pseudaminic acid-based bacterial lipopolysaccharides and, importantly in the broader context of glycosylation reactions in general, underline the significant role played by side-chain conformation in the control of reactivity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Dhakal
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - David Crich
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
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19
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Adero PO, Amarasekara H, Wen P, Bohé L, Crich D. The Experimental Evidence in Support of Glycosylation Mechanisms at the S N1-S N2 Interface. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8242-8284. [PMID: 29846062 PMCID: PMC6135681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A critical review of the state-of-the-art evidence in support of the mechanisms of glycosylation reactions is provided. Factors affecting the stability of putative oxocarbenium ions as intermediates at the SN1 end of the mechanistic continuum are first surveyed before the evidence, spectroscopic and indirect, for the existence of such species on the time scale of glycosylation reactions is presented. Current models for diastereoselectivity in nucleophilic attack on oxocarbenium ions are then described. Evidence in support of the intermediacy of activated covalent glycosyl donors is reviewed, before the influences of the structure of the nucleophile, of the solvent, of temperature, and of donor-acceptor hydrogen bonding on the mechanism of glycosylation reactions are surveyed. Studies on the kinetics of glycosylation reactions and the use of kinetic isotope effects for the determination of transition-state structure are presented, before computational models are finally surveyed. The review concludes with a critical appraisal of the state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Ouma Adero
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Harsha Amarasekara
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Peng Wen
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Luis Bohé
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301 , Université Paris-Sud Université Paris-Saclay , 1 avenue de la Terrasse , 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette , France
| | - David Crich
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
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20
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Wang L, Overkleeft HS, van der Marel GA, Codée JDC. Reagent Controlled Stereoselective Synthesis of α-Glucans. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4632-4638. [PMID: 29553729 PMCID: PMC5890317 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of a general glycosylation method that allows for the stereoselective construction of glycosidic linkages is a tremendous challenge. Because of the differences in steric and electronic properties of the building blocks used, the outcome of a glycosylation reaction can vary greatly when switching form one glycosyl donor-acceptor pair to another. We here report a strategy to install cis-glucosidic linkages in a fully stereoselective fashion that is under direct control of the reagents used to activate a single type of donor building block. The activating reagents are tuned to the intrinsic reactivity of the acceptor alcohol to match the reactivity of the glycosylating agent with the reactivity of the incoming nucleophile. A protecting group strategy is introduced that is based on the sole use of benzyl-ether type protecting groups to circumvent changes in reactivity as a result of the protecting groups. For the stereoselective construction of the α-glucosyl linkages to a secondary alcohol, a per-benzylated glusosyl imidate donor is activated with a combination of trimethylsilyltriflate and DMF, while activation of the same imidate donor with trimethylsilyl iodide in the presence of triphenylphosphine oxide allows for the stereoselective cis-glucosylation of primary alcohols. The effectiveness of the strategy is illustrated in the modular synthesis of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis nonasaccharide, composed of an α-(1-4)-oligoglucose backbone bearing different α-glucosyl branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Herman S. Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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21
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Abstract
Investigations of methodologies aimed on improving the stereoselective synthesis of sialosides and the efficient assembly of sialic acid glycoconjugates has been the mission of dedicated research groups from the late 1960s. This review presents major accomplishments in the field, with the emphasis on significant breakthroughs and influential synthetic strategies of the last decade.
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22
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Modulation of the stereoselectivity and reactivity of glycosylation via ( p -Tol) 2 SO/Tf 2 O preactivation strategy: From O -, C -sialylation to general O -, N -glycosylation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Wu YF, Tsai YF. Assistance of the C-7,8-Picoloyl Moiety for Directing the Glycosyl Acceptors into the α-Orientation for the Glycosylation of Sialyl Donors. Org Lett 2017; 19:4171-4174. [PMID: 28753308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient α-sialylation method for many primary hydroxyl acceptors that include 6-OH glycosides has been developed. 7,8-Di-O-picoloyl sialyl glycoside was used as the glycosyl donor, and α-glycoconjugation was controlled by using the 7,8-di-O-picoloyl moiety in CH2Cl2. The methodology was successfully applied to the total synthesis of ganglioside Hp-s1 possessing neuritogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fa Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University , Chung Li District, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Fu Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University , Chung Li District, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
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24
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Yu Y, Xiong DC, Mao RZ, Ye XS. Visible Light Photoredox-Catalyzed O-Sialylation Using Thiosialoside Donors. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7134-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - De-Cai Xiong
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Run-Ze Mao
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
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25
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Aoyagi T, Ohira S, Fuse S, Uzawa J, Yamaguchi Y, Tanaka H. The α-Glycosidation of Partially Unprotected N
-Acetyl and N
-Glycolyl Sialyl Donors in the Absence of a Nitrile Solvent Effect. Chemistry 2016; 22:6968-73. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Aoyagi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1-H101 Ookayama, Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Shuichi Ohira
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1-H101 Ookayama, Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Shinichiro Fuse
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1-H101 Ookayama, Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
- Laboratory of Chemical and Life Science, Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Jun Uzawa
- RIKEN-Max-Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology; RIKEN Global Research Cluster; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198 Saitama Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- RIKEN-Max-Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology; RIKEN Global Research Cluster; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198 Saitama Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1-H101 Ookayama, Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
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26
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Fascione MA, Brabham R, Turnbull WB. Mechanistic Investigations into the Application of Sulfoxides in Carbohydrate Synthesis. Chemistry 2016; 22:3916-28. [PMID: 26744250 PMCID: PMC4794778 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The utility of sulfoxides in a diverse range of transformations in the field of carbohydrate chemistry has seen rapid growth since the first introduction of a sulfoxide as a glycosyl donor in 1989. Sulfoxides have since developed into more than just anomeric leaving groups, and today have multiple roles in glycosylation reactions. These include as activators for thioglycosides, hemiacetals, and glycals, and as precursors to glycosyl triflates, which are essential for stereoselective β-mannoside synthesis, and bicyclic sulfonium ions that facilitate the stereoselective synthesis of α-glycosides. In this review we highlight the mechanistic investigations undertaken in this area, often outlining strategies employed to differentiate between multiple proposed reaction pathways, and how the conclusions of these investigations have and continue to inform upon the development of more efficient transformations in sulfoxide-based carbohydrate synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Fascione
- York Structural Biology Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington Road, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Robin Brabham
- York Structural Biology Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington Road, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - W Bruce Turnbull
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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27
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Frihed TG, Bols M, Pedersen CM. Mechanisms of Glycosylation Reactions Studied by Low-Temperature Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4963-5013. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500434x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikael Bols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Additive-controlled stereoselective glycosylations of 2,3-oxazolidinone protected glucosamine or galactosamine thioglycoside donors with phenols based on preactivation protocol. Carbohydr Res 2015; 403:104-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Kurimoto K, Yamamura H, Miyagawa A. Chemical approach for the syntheses of GM4 isomers with sialic acid to non-natural linkage positions on galactose. Carbohydr Res 2014; 401:39-50. [PMID: 25464080 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell-surface glycans containing sialic acid are involved in various biological phenomena. However, the syntheses of GM4 derivatives with (2 → 2) and (2 → 4) linkages have not been investigated to date. In this study, sialylation of all of the hydroxyl groups on galactose were investigated for the syntheses of GM4 isomers. Regioselective sialylation was achieved via protection of galactosyl acceptors using electron-rich benzyl groups. These synthetic sialylated glycans will prove to be useful tools for studying unidentified carbohydrate-mediated biological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Kurimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hatsuo Yamamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyagawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.
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30
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Mulani SK, Hung WC, Ingle AB, Shiau KS, Mong KKT. Modulating glycosylation with exogenous nucleophiles: an overview. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1184-97. [PMID: 24382624 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42129e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The major challenge in carbohydrate synthesis is stereochemical control of glycosidic bond formation. Different glycosylation methods have been developed that are based on the modulation effect of external nucleophiles. This review highlights the development, synthetic application, challenges and outlook of the modulated glycosylation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheen K Mulani
- Applied Chemistry Department, National Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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31
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Zhang XT, Gu ZY, Xing GW. Comparative studies on the O-sialylation with four different α/β-oriented (N-acetyl)-5-N,4-O-carbonyl-protected p-toluenethiosialosides as donors. Carbohydr Res 2014; 388:1-7. [PMID: 24594527 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Four types of 5-N,4-O-carbonyl-protected p-toluenethiosialosides were synthesized and their couplings with different acceptors were thoroughly investigated. The results indicate that the sialyl donor structure, the amount of glycosyl acceptor, and the detailed promotion conditions have great influence on the sialylation stereoselectivties and product yields. Under the (p-Tol)2SO/Tf2O activation conditions, the glycosylations with simple alcohols provided declined α-selectivities and higher yields with increasing the amounts of acceptors from 1.1 equiv to 2.0equiv. However, the outcome of same sialylation was independent of the relative amounts of sugar alcohol acceptors. With NIS/TfOH as promoter, the α-selectivities of the sialylations were significantly improved compared with the cases activated by (p-Tol)2SO/Tf2O. In general, the difference in configuration of N-acetylated sialyl donors (D2 and D4) has little effect on the sialylation yield and stereoselectivity. In contrast, the N-deacetylated α/β sialyl donors (D1 and D3) show complex sialylation profiles with different acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-tai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhen-yuan Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guo-wen Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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32
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Schumann B, Pragani R, Anish C, Pereira CL, Seeberger PH. Synthesis of conjugation-ready zwitterionic oligosaccharides by chemoselective thioglycoside activation. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc53362j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A method to chemoselectively activate thioglycosides in the presence of thioethers is developed and applied in the total synthesis of repeating units of S. pneumoniae Sp1 and B. fragilis PS A1. Biochemical evaluation of these glycans is performed after conjugation to reporter moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Schumann
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Pragani
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - C. Anish
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - C. L. Pereira
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - P. H. Seeberger
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin, Germany
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33
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Ingle AB, Chao CS, Hung WC, Mong KKT. Tuning Reactivity of Glycosyl Imidinium Intermediate for 2-Azido-2-deoxyglycosyl Donors in α-Glycosidic Bond Formation. Org Lett 2013; 15:5290-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402519c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun B. Ingle
- Applied Chemistry Department, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Taiwan 300, ROC
| | - Chin-Sheng Chao
- Applied Chemistry Department, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Taiwan 300, ROC
| | - Wei-Cheng Hung
- Applied Chemistry Department, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Taiwan 300, ROC
| | - Kwok-Kong Tony Mong
- Applied Chemistry Department, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Taiwan 300, ROC
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34
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Frihed TG, Walvoort MTC, Codée JDC, van der Marel GA, Bols M, Pedersen CM. Influence of O6 in Mannosylations Using Benzylidene Protected Donors: Stereoelectronic or Conformational Effects? J Org Chem 2013; 78:2191-205. [DOI: 10.1021/jo302455d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gylling Frihed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marthe T. C. Walvoort
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden,
The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden,
The Netherlands
| | - Gijs A. van der Marel
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden,
The Netherlands
| | - Mikael Bols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
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35
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Walvoort MTC, van der Marel GA, Overkleeft HS, Codée JDC. On the reactivity and selectivity of donor glycosides in glycochemistry and glycobiology: trapped covalent intermediates. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21610h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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36
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Gu ZY, Zhang XT, Zhang JX, Xing GW. Highly efficient α-C-sialylation promoted by (p-Tol)2SO/Tf2O with N-acetyl-5-N,4-O-oxazolidione protected thiosialoside as donor. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:5017-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40876k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Tayu M, Higuchi K, Inaba M, Kawasaki T. Sulfoxide-TFAA and nucleophile combination as new reagent for aliphatic C-H functionalization at indole 2α-position. Org Biomol Chem 2012. [PMID: 23202538 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26944a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aliphatic C-H functionalization at indole 2α-position mediated by acyloxythionium species 1 generated from sulfoxide and acid anhydride has been developed. The combination of sulfoxide and TFAA with O-, N- and C-nucleophiles enabled introduction of various substituents in a one-pot procedure. Especially on utilizing DMSO, the combination provided a practical and efficient method for the synthesis of a wide range of 2α-substituted indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Tayu
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
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38
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Kancharla PK, Navuluri C, Crich D. Dissecting the influence of oxazolidinones and cyclic carbonates in sialic acid chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:11105-9. [PMID: 22976809 PMCID: PMC3489474 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
At a moment's notice: Thermal equilibration of 1 and mass spectral analysis of sialyl phosphates suggest that the 4O,5N-oxazolidinone and the 4,5-O-carbonate systems influence the anomeric effect and the mechanisms of sialidation by virtue of their dipole moment in the mean plane of the pyranose ring. The electron-withdrawing effect destabilizes 2 and promotes associative glycosylation mechanisms. TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine N-oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan K Kancharla
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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39
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Sun B, Jiang H. An efficient approach for total synthesis of aminopropyl functionalized ganglioside GM1b. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Kancharla PK, Navuluri C, Crich D. Dissecting the Influence of Oxazolidinones and Cyclic Carbonates in Sialic Acid Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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41
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42
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Gu Z, Zhang J, Xing G. N
‐Acetyl‐5‐
N
,4‐
O
‐oxazolidinone‐Protected Sialyl Sulfoxide: An α‐Selective Sialyl Donor with Tf
2
O/(Tol)
2
SO in Dichloromethane. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:1524-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen‐yuan Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (China), Fax: (+86) 10‐58802075
| | - Jia‐xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (China), Fax: (+86) 10‐58802075
| | - Guo‐wen Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (China), Fax: (+86) 10‐58802075
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43
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Fascione MA, Adshead SJ, Mandal PK, Kilner CA, Leach AG, Turnbull WB. Mechanistic studies on a sulfoxide transfer reaction mediated by diphenyl sulfoxide/triflic anhydride. Chemistry 2012; 18:2987-97. [PMID: 22294491 PMCID: PMC3743163 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sulfoxides are frequently used in organic synthesis as chiral auxiliaries and reagents to mediate a wide variety of chemical transformations. For example, diphenyl sulfoxide and triflic anhydride can be used to activate a wide range of glycosyl donors including hemiacetals, glycals and thioglycosides. In this way, an alcohol, enol or sulfide is converted into a good leaving group for subsequent reaction with an acceptor alcohol. However, reaction of diphenyl sulfoxide and triflic anhydride with oxathiane-based thioglycosides, and other oxathianes, leads to a different process in which the thioglycoside is oxidised to a sulfoxide. This unexpected oxidation reaction is very stereoselective and proceeds under anhydrous conditions in which the diphenyl sulfoxide acts both as oxidant and as the source of the oxygen atom. Isotopic labelling experiments support a reaction mechanism that involves the formation of oxodisulfonium (S-O-S) dication intermediates. These intermediates undergo oxygen-exchange reactions with other sulfoxides and also allow interconversion of axial and equatorial sulfoxides in oxathiane rings. The reversibility of the oxygen-exchange reaction suggests that the stereochemical outcome of the oxidation reaction may be under thermodynamic control, which potentially presents a novel strategy for the stereoselective synthesis of sulfoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Fascione
- School of Chemistry, University of LeedsLeeds, LS2 9 JT (UK), Fax: (+44) 1133436565 E-mail:
| | - Sophie J Adshead
- School of Chemistry, University of LeedsLeeds, LS2 9 JT (UK), Fax: (+44) 1133436565 E-mail:
| | - Pintu K Mandal
- School of Chemistry, University of LeedsLeeds, LS2 9 JT (UK), Fax: (+44) 1133436565 E-mail:
| | - Colin A Kilner
- School of Chemistry, University of LeedsLeeds, LS2 9 JT (UK), Fax: (+44) 1133436565 E-mail:
| | - Andrew G Leach
- AstraZenecaAlderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TF (UK)
| | - W Bruce Turnbull
- School of Chemistry, University of LeedsLeeds, LS2 9 JT (UK), Fax: (+44) 1133436565 E-mail:
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44
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Crich D. Methodology development and physical organic chemistry: a powerful combination for the advancement of glycochemistry. J Org Chem 2011; 76:9193-209. [PMID: 21919522 PMCID: PMC3215858 DOI: 10.1021/jo2017026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective outlines work in the Crich group on the diastereoselective synthesis of the so-called difficult classes of glycosidic bond: the 2-deoxy-β-glycopyranosides, the β-mannopyranosides, the α-sialosides, the α-glucopyranosides, and the β-arabinofuranosides with an emphasis on the critical interplay between mechanism and methodology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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45
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Sun B, Jiang H. Pre-activation based, highly alpha-selective O-sialylation with N-acetyl-5-N,4-O-carbonyl-protected p-tolyl thiosialoside donor. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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46
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Wang YJ, Jia J, Gu ZY, Liang FF, Li RC, Huang MH, Xu CS, Zhang JX, Men Y, Xing GW. Tunable stereoselectivity during sialylation using an N-acetyl-5-N,4-O-oxazolidinone-protected p-toluene 2-thio-sialoside donor with Tf2O/Ph2SO/TTBPy. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:1271-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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Crich D, Sharma I. Influence of the O3 protecting group on stereoselectivity in the preparation of C-mannopyranosides with 4,6-O-benzylidene protected donors. J Org Chem 2010; 75:8383-91. [PMID: 21070063 DOI: 10.1021/jo101453y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
α-C-Glucopyranosides and mannopyranosides are obtained in 65-85% yields from 4,6-O-benzylidene-protected glucosyl and mannosyl thioglycosides bearing ester functionality at the 3-O-position by a coupling reaction with C-nucleophiles on activation with diphenyl sulfoxide, 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylpyrimidine, and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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49
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Nakashima S, Ando H, Imamura A, Yuki N, Ishida H, Kiso M. A first total synthesis of a hybrid-type ganglioside associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like disorder. Chemistry 2010; 17:588-97. [PMID: 21207577 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The hybrid ganglioside X1, which was identified in the bovine brain, was synthesized for the first time. Ganglioside X1 is believed to be involved in the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like disorders in patients with neurological disorders after treatment with bovine brain gangliosides. A convergent approach using two branched glycan units, the GM2-core trisaccharide and the lacto-ganglio tetrasaccharide, efficiently provided the highly branched heptasaccharide part of ganglioside X1, which was conjugated with the ceramide part to produce the protected ganglioside X1. Global deprotection delivered homogenous ganglioside X1, with which serum from the patient was reacted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Nakashima
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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50
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Crich D, Navuluri C. Stereoselective synthesis of alpha-keto-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nonulosonic acid glycosides by means of the 4,5-O-carbonate protecting group. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:3049-52. [PMID: 20333634 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200907178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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