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Wright BA, Matviitsuk A, Black MJ, García-Reynaga P, Hanna LE, Herrmann AT, Ameriks MK, Sarpong R, Lebold TP. Skeletal Editing Approach to Bridge-Functionalized Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes from Azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10960-10966. [PMID: 37145091 PMCID: PMC10281541 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes (aza-BCHs) and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) have emerged as attractive classes of sp3-rich cores for replacing flat, aromatic groups with metabolically resistant, three-dimensional frameworks in drug scaffolds. Strategies to directly convert, or "scaffold hop", between these bioisosteric subclasses through single-atom skeletal editing would enable efficient interpolation within this valuable chemical space. Herein, we describe a strategy to "scaffold hop" between aza-BCH and BCP cores through a nitrogen-deleting skeletal edit. Photochemical [2+2] cycloadditions, used to prepare multifunctionalized aza-BCH frameworks, are coupled with a subsequent deamination step to afford bridge-functionalized BCPs, for which few synthetic solutions currently exist. The modular sequence provides access to various privileged bridged bicycles of pharmaceutical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Michael J Black
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Luke E Hanna
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Aaron T Herrmann
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michael K Ameriks
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Terry P Lebold
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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2
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Fu C, Sungnoi W, Tu J, Kelley SP, Harmata M. Tropane Skeleta from the Intramolecular Photocycloaddition of (4+3) Cycloadducts of Oxidopyridinium Ions and Dienes. Org Lett 2022; 24:3521-3525. [PMID: 35511589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Easily prepared cycloadducts derived from the (4+3) cycloaddition of oxidopyridinium ions with dienes reacted intramolecularly in a [2+2] cycloaddition process to afford complex polycyclic species in which the tropane skeleton was embedded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chencheng Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Wanna Sungnoi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Jianzhuo Tu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Steven P Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Michael Harmata
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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3
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Rigotti T, Schwinger DP, Graßl R, Jandl C, Bach T. Enantioselective crossed intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition reactions mediated by a chiral chelating Lewis acid. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2378-2384. [PMID: 35310494 PMCID: PMC8864722 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00113f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition reactions, the two tethered olefins can approach each other in a straight or in a crossed fashion. Despite the fact that the latter reaction mode leads to intriguing, otherwise inaccessible bridged skeletons, there has so far not been any enantioselective variants thereof. This study concerned the crossed [2+2]-photocycloaddition of 2-(alkenyloxy)cyclohex-2-enones to bridged cyclobutanes. It was found that the reaction could be performed with high enantioselectivity (80-94% ee) under visible light conditions when employing a chiral rhodium Lewis acid as a catalyst (2 mol%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rigotti
- School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie, Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany +49 89 28913315 +49 89 28913330
| | - Daniel P Schwinger
- School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie, Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany +49 89 28913315 +49 89 28913330
| | - Raphaela Graßl
- School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie, Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany +49 89 28913315 +49 89 28913330
| | - Christian Jandl
- School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie, Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany +49 89 28913315 +49 89 28913330
| | - Thorsten Bach
- School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie, Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany +49 89 28913315 +49 89 28913330
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4
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Doytchinova K, Winkler JD. Synthesis of the Core Ring System of the Antiosteoporotic Citrofulvicin. Org Lett 2021; 23:4575-4578. [PMID: 34085522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of the octacyclic ring system of citrofulvicin is described in nine steps from readily available starting materials. Blocking undesired intramolecular cyclization of a reactive β-diketone intermediate by transient incorporation of a dithiolane ring led to the formation of the requisite 1-hydroxy-2,4,6-trioxaadamantane ring system of citrofulvicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina Doytchinova
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Winkler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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5
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Luque A, Paternoga J, Opatz T. Strain Release Chemistry of Photogenerated Small-Ring Intermediates. Chemistry 2021; 27:4500-4516. [PMID: 33080091 PMCID: PMC7986234 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical processes, such as isomerizations and cycloadditions, have proven to be very useful in the construction of highly strained molecular frameworks. Photoinduced ring strain enables subsequent exergonic reactions which do not require the input of additional chemical energy and provides a variety of attractive synthetic options leading to complex structures. This review covers the progress achieved in the application of sequences combining excitation by ultraviolet light to form strained intermediates, which are further transformed to lower energy products in strain-release reactions. As ring strain is considerable in small ring systems, photogenerated three- and four-membered rings will be covered, mainly focusing on examples from 2000 to May 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Luque
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg UniversityDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Jan Paternoga
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg UniversityDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Till Opatz
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg UniversityDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
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6
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Hu Z, Lin G, Sender M, Cannon KC, Davis FA, Krow GR. C6-Substituted methanopyrrolidine β-amino acid: synthesis and characterization of oligomeric foldamers. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Synthesis of purpuroine A, nakirodin A and MDN-0104: The hidden puzzles and risk of error in their configurational assignments. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Poplata S, Tröster A, Zou YQ, Bach T. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Cyclobutanes by Olefin [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9748-815. [PMID: 27018601 PMCID: PMC5025837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 661] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The [2 + 2] photocycloaddition is undisputedly the most important and most frequently used photochemical reaction. In this review, it is attempted to cover all recent aspects of [2 + 2] photocycloaddition chemistry with an emphasis on synthetically relevant, regio-, and stereoselective reactions. The review aims to comprehensively discuss relevant work, which was done in the field in the last 20 years (i.e., from 1995 to 2015). Organization of the data follows a subdivision according to mechanism and substrate classes. Cu(I) and PET (photoinduced electron transfer) catalysis are treated separately in sections 2 and 4 , whereas the vast majority of photocycloaddition reactions which occur by direct excitation or sensitization are divided within section 3 into individual subsections according to the photochemically excited olefin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saner Poplata
- Department Chemie and Catalysis
Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität
München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Andreas Tröster
- Department Chemie and Catalysis
Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität
München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - You-Quan Zou
- Department Chemie and Catalysis
Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität
München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis
Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität
München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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9
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Liu J, Wang L, Wang X, Xu L, Hao Z, Xiao J. Fluorinated alcohol-mediated [4 + 3] cycloaddition reaction of indolyl alcohols with cyclopentadiene. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:11510-11517. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01953f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a catalyst- and additive-free, [4 + 3] cycloaddition reaction of 3-indolylmethanols with cyclopentadiene in HFIP, producing cyclohepta[b]indole derivatives in high yields and with wide substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Lubin Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Jian Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
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10
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Bortoluzzi M, Bresciani G, Marchetti F, Pampaloni G, Zacchini S. MoCl5 as an effective chlorinating agent towards α-amino acids: synthesis of α-ammonium-acylchloride salts and α-amino-acylchloride complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:10030-7. [PMID: 25948387 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01002k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of MoCl5 with α-amino acids was investigated for the first time by choosing CH2Cl2 as the reaction medium. The interaction of MoCl5 with l-proline proceeded with Cl/O interchange and led to the formation of [NH2(CH2)3CHC(O)Cl][MoOCl4], 1, in 63% yield. The reactions of MoCl5 with l-phenylalanine, sarcosine, N,N-dimethylglycine and N,N-dimethyl-l-phenylalanine afforded the α-amino-acylchloride complexes MoOCl3[O[double bond, length as m-dash]C(Cl)CH(R)N(R')(R'')] (R = CH2Ph, R' = R'' = H, 2a; R = R' = H, R'' = Me, 2b; R = H, R' = R'' = Me, 2c R = CH2Ph, R' = R'' = Me, 2d), in ca. 70% yields. According to DFT studies, 2a,d are mononuclear Mo(v) octahedral complexes bearing a N,O-coordinated α-amino-acylchloride ligand. The presumed species formed during the first stages of the MoCl5/l-phenylalanine interaction were DFT-elucidated, thus the calculated Gibbs free energy profile for the multi-step reaction of MoCl5 with l-phenylalanine was traced. [NH3CH(CH2Ph)C(O)Cl][MoOCl4], 3, acting as an intermediate in the course of the formation of 2a, was isolated by combination of [NH3CH(CH2Ph)C(O)Cl][Cl] with MoOCl3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bortoluzzi
- Ca' Foscari University of Venezia, Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Dorsoduro 2137, I-30123 Venezia, Italy
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11
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Han X, Li H, Hughes RP, Wu J. Gallium(III)-Catalyzed Three-Component (4+3) Cycloaddition Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Han X, Li H, Hughes RP, Wu J. Gallium(III)-Catalyzed Three-Component (4+3) Cycloaddition Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:10390-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Yan LH, Dagorn F, Gravel E, Séon-Méniel B, Poupon E. Synthesis and reactivity of pelletierine-derived building blocks and pelletierine analogs. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Aleiwi BA, Schneider CM, Kurosu M. Synthesis of ureidomuraymycidine derivatives for structure-activity relationship studies of muraymycins. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3859-67. [PMID: 22458337 DOI: 10.1021/jo300205b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
One of the key constituents of the muraymycins is the 6-membered cyclic guanidine, (2S,3S)-muraymycidine (or epi-capreomycidine). In order to diversify the structure of the oligopeptide moiety of the muraymycins for thorough structure-activity relationship studies, we have developed a highly stereoselective synthesis of ureidomuraymycidine derivatives with the lactone 4a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal A Aleiwi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison, Memphis, Tennessee 38163-0001, USA
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15
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Krow GR, Yu F, Sender M, Gandla D, Lin G, DeBrosse C, Ross CW. Introduction of C(5/6) side chains onto 2-azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes via a 6-anti-bromo-5-anti-hydroxy derivative. CAN J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of the title bromoalcohol provided the strained ketone, 5-bromo-6-oxo-2-azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane. Additions of nucleophiles to either this or the debrominated ketone have been used to introduce 5(6)-syn-alkyl and aryl groups, 5(6)-alkylidene linkages, and 5(6)-anti-alkyl and acyl substituents. Facial selectivity is for additions to the 6-bromo-5-ketone and 5-alkylidene azabicycles to occur from the face syn to the nitrogen atom. The bromine atom of the title alcohol has also been replaced by a 6-anti-(1-hydroxyethyl) substituent using a directed radical addition process. The stereoselective functionalization reactions expand the range of available methano-bridged pyrrolidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant R. Krow
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Matthew Sender
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Deepa Gandla
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Guoliang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Charles DeBrosse
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Charles W. Ross
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA 19486-004, USA
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17
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Xu X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Pan L, Liu Q. Direct Synthesis of 6-Azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-2-ones and Pyrrolizidines from Divinyl Ketones and Observation of Remarkable Substituent Effects. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Roux L, Charrier C, Salomon E, Ilhan M, Bisseret P, Tarnus C. An innovative strategy for the synthesis of a new series of potent aminopeptidase (APN or CD13) inhibitors derived from the oxepin-4-one family. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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19
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One-pot catalytic C–C double bond cleavage of α,β-enones aided by alkyl group-immobilized silica spheres. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Lu SC, Duan XY, Shi ZJ, Li B, Ren YW, Zhang W, Zhang YH, Tu ZF. Photoinduced Intramolecular Addition of 3-Acyl-2-haloindoles to Alkenes. Org Lett 2009; 11:3902-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol901498f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Ci Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Jun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Wei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Feng Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Crawley ML, Goljer I, Jenkins DJ, Mehlmann JF, Nogle L, Dooley R, Mahaney PE. Regioselective Synthesis of Substituted Pyrroles: Efficient Palladium-Catalyzed Cyclization of Internal Alkynes and 2-Amino-3-iodoacrylate Derivatives. Org Lett 2006; 8:5837-40. [PMID: 17134285 DOI: 10.1021/ol062424p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first efficient and regioselective palladium-catalyzed cyclization of internal alkynes and 2-amino-3-iodoacrylates to give moderate to excellent yields of highly functionalized pyrroles has been developed. This approach is applicable to a range of alkynes and affords the deacylated pyrrole under reaction conditions for most substrates. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Crawley
- Discovery Medicinal Chemistry and Discovery Analytical Chemistry, Wyeth Research, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
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