1
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Dong Y, Lan MF, Lin YQ, Chen L, Wu CM, Wang ZF, Shi ZC, Deng GW, He B. Synthesis of Spiro Polycyclic N-Heterocycles and Indolecarbazoles via Merging Oxidative Coupling and Cascade Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxidative Cyclization. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6474-6488. [PMID: 38607334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
We report a step-economic strategy for the direct synthesis of spiro polycyclic N-heterocycles and indolecarbazole-fused naphthoquinones by merging oxidative coupling and cascade palladium-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative cyclization. In the protocol, bi-indolylnaphthoquinones were first synthesized by oxidative coupling of indoles and naphthoquinones. Subsequent cascade palladium-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative cyclization of bi-indolylnaphthoquinones gave spiro polycyclic N-heterocycles and indolecarbazoles. The intramolecular oxidative cyclization approach could also be realized by the presence or absence of iron catalysts under standard conditions. This protocol is featured with moderate to excellent yields, a wide substrate scope, and divergent structures of products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Feng Lan
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Qin Lin
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Mei Wu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Fan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Chuan Shi
- Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Wei Deng
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Bing He
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
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2
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Romero IE, Postigo A, Bonesi SM. Preparation of Carbazoles Involving 6π-Electrocyclization, Photoredox-, Electrochemical-, and Thermal Cyclization Reactions: Mechanistic Insights. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303229. [PMID: 38032158 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbazole is a heterocyclic motif that can be found in a diverse array of natural and unnatural products displaying a wide range of biological and physiological properties. Furthermore, this heterocycle is part of electronic materials like photoconducting polymers and organic optoelectronic materials owing to its excellent photophysical characteristics. Consequently, the development of synthetic strategies for carbazole scaffolds holds potential significance in biological and material fields. In this regard, a variety of preparation methods has been developed to exploit their efficient and distinct formation of new C-C and C-heteroatom bonds under mild conditions and enabling broad substrate diversity and functional group tolerance. Therefore, this review focuses on the synthesis of a set of carbazole derivatives describing a variety of methodologies that involve direct irradiation, photosensitization, photoredox, electrochemical and thermal cyclization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan E Romero
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 954, Buenos Aires, CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 954, Buenos Aires, CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Sergio M Bonesi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
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3
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Pavunkumar V, Harikrishnan K, Mohanakrishnan AK. Synthesis of Cytotoxic Quino[4,3- b]carbazole Frameworks through an Intramolecular Diels-Alder Reaction. J Org Chem 2024; 89:191-215. [PMID: 38133929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
An intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of positionally isomeric indole-2/3-phenylvinyl-N-alkynylated (N-phenylsulfonyl)amines has been successfully exploited for the synthesis of quino[4,3-b]carbazole and its analogues. This reaction proceeds through a [4 + 2] cycloaddition followed by elimination and deprotection of phenylsulfonyl units to afford the quinocarbazoles in moderate to good yields. The reaction features a broad substrate scope and remarkable functional group forbearance. A preliminary in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of representative quino[4,3-b]carbazoles was performed against NCI-H460 human cancer cell culture. Among the quino[4,3-b]carbazoles evaluated, five of the fluorine-containing quinocarbazoles displayed nano molar range (0.8-2.0 nm) GI50 values. The UV-vis and fluorescence spectral studies of representative quinocarbazoles were also performed. Like ellipticine, four of the quinocarbazoles displayed dual emissions confirming the existence of p-quinonoid like tautomeric forms in a polar protic solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayagam Pavunkumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kesavan Harikrishnan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arasambattu K Mohanakrishnan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
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4
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Kumar MP, G M, Amaladass P, Manikandan C, Dhayalan V. Recent synthetic strategies for the construction of functionalized carbazoles and their heterocyclic motifs enabled by Lewis acids. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32596-32626. [PMID: 37936643 PMCID: PMC10626344 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06396h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This article demonstrates recent innovative cascade annulation methods for preparing functionalized carbazoles and their related polyaromatic heterocyclic compounds enabled by Lewis acid catalysts. Highly substituted carbazole scaffolds were synthesized via Lewis acid mediated Friedel-Crafts arylation, electrocyclization, intramolecular cyclization, cycloaddition, C-N bond-formations, aromatization and cascade domino reactions, metal-catalyzed, iodine catalyzed reactions and multi-component reactions. This review article mainly focuses on Lewis acid-mediated recent synthetic methods to access a variety of electron-rich and electron-poor functional groups substituted carbazole frameworks in one-pot reactions. Polyaromatic carbazole and their related nitrogen-based heterocyclic compounds were found in several synthetic applications in pharma industries, energy devices, and materials sciences. Moreover, the review paper briefly summarised new synthetic strategies of carbazole preparation approaches will assist academic and pharma industries in identifying innovative protocols for producing poly-functionalized carbazoles and related highly complex heterocyclic compounds and discovering active pharmaceutical drugs or carbazole-based alkaloids and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marappan Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry Karaikal-609609 Union Territory Puducherry India https://vasudeva49.wixsite.com/catalysislab
| | - Mahantesh G
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry Karaikal-609609 Union Territory Puducherry India https://vasudeva49.wixsite.com/catalysislab
| | - P Amaladass
- Department of Chemistry, Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science Madanapalle 517325 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Chitrarasu Manikandan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry Karaikal-609609 Union Territory Puducherry India https://vasudeva49.wixsite.com/catalysislab
| | - Vasudevan Dhayalan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry Karaikal-609609 Union Territory Puducherry India https://vasudeva49.wixsite.com/catalysislab
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5
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Chang KH, Chao WC, Yang YH, Wu CH, Li ZB, Chen HC, Chou YT, Annie Ho JA, Li XC, Peng YC, Liao YC, Liu KM, Chao CM, Chou PT. Cyano Derivatives of 7-Aminoquinoline That Are Highly Emissive in Water: Potential for Sensing Applications. Chemistry 2021; 27:8040-8047. [PMID: 33904607 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
6-Cyano-7-aminoquinoline (6CN-7AQ) and 3-cyano-7-aminoquinoline (3CN-7AQ) were synthesized and found to exhibit intense emission with quantum yield as high as 63 % and 85 %, respectively, in water. Conversely, their derivatives 6-cyano-7-azidoquinoline (6CN-7N3 Q) and 3-cyano-7-azidoquinoline (3CN-7N3 Q) show virtually no emission, which makes them suitable to be used as recognition agents in azide reactions based on fluorescence recovery. Moreover, conjugation of 6CN-7AQ with a hydrophobic biomembrane-penetration peptide PFVYLI renders a nearly non-emissive 6CN-7AQ-PFVYLI composite, which can be digested by proteinase K, recovering the highly emissive 6CN-7AQ with ∼200-fold enhancement. The result provides an effective early confirmation for RT-qPCR in viral detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hsin Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Chih Chao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Ham Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Zhi-Bin Li
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hung-Che Chen
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Te Chou
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ja-An Annie Ho
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Xin-Cheng Li
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chiang Peng
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chan Liao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuan-Miao Liu
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Min Chao
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
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6
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Chambers GE, Sayan AE, Brown RCD. The synthesis of biologically active indolocarbazole natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1794-1820. [PMID: 33666619 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00096e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2020The indolocarbazoles, in particular indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole derivatives, are an important class of natural products that exhibit a wide range of biological activities. There has been a plethora of synthetic approaches to this family of natural products, leading to advances in chemical methodology, as well as affording access to molecular scaffolds central to protein kinase drug discovery programmes. In this review, we compile and summarise the synthetic approaches to the indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole derivatives, spanning the period from their isolation in 1980 up to 2020. The selected natural products include indolocarbazoles not functionalised at indolic nitrogen, pyranosylated indolocarbazoles, furanosylated indolocarbazoles and disaccharideindolocarbazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Chambers
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - A Emre Sayan
- University of Southampton Cancer Sciences Division, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Richard C D Brown
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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7
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An account of synthetic strategies towards indolocarbazole alkaloids: Arcyriaflavin A and staurosporinone. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Banerjee A, Kundu S, Bhattacharyya A, Sahu S, Maji MS. Benzannulation strategies for the synthesis of carbazoles, indolocarbazoles, benzocarbazoles, and carbolines. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00092f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review presents a critical and authoritative analysis of several exciting benzannulation approaches developed in the past decade for the construction of carbazoles, indolocarbazoles, benzocarbazoles, and carbolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Samrat Kundu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Arya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Samrat Sahu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
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9
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Maiti S, Mandal T, Dash BP, Dash J. Site-Selective Aerobic C–H Monoacylation of Carbazoles Using Palladium Catalysis. J Org Chem 2020; 86:1396-1407. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Maiti
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Tirtha Mandal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Barada Prasanna Dash
- Department of Chemistry, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India
| | - Jyotirmayee Dash
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
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10
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11
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Tanaka S, Asako T, Ota E, Yamaguchi J. Synthesis of a Pentaarylcarbazole: Installation of Different Aryl Groups on a Benzenoid Moiety. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Asako
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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12
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Niu Y, Bai P, Lou Q, Yang S. Generation of a Key Synthon of Indole Alkaloid Synthesis by Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Indole 2‐Methylenephosphorylation. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Peng‐Bo Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Qin‐Xin Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Shang‐Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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13
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Flynn AJ, Ford A, Maguire AR. Synthetic and mechanistic aspects of sulfonyl migrations. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:2549-2610. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02587a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonyl migrations, frequently described as ‘unusual’ or ‘unexpected’, from the last 20 years, including 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 1,6- and 1,7-sulfonyl shifts, through either radical or polar processes, either inter- or intramolecularly are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaran J. Flynn
- School of Chemistry
- Analytical and Biological Research Facility
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- University College Cork
- Cork
| | - Alan Ford
- School of Chemistry
- Analytical and Biological Research Facility
- University College Cork
- Cork
- Ireland
| | - Anita R. Maguire
- School of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy
- Analytical and Biological Research Facility
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- University College Cork
- Cork
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14
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Kumar P, Kundu A, Kumar M, Solanki R, Kapur MK. Exploitation of potential bioactive compounds from two soil derived actinomycetes, Streptomyces sp. strain 196 and RI.24. Microbiol Res 2019; 229:126312. [PMID: 31434034 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2019.126312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Due to emergence of drug resistant pathogens, nearly all available medicines are becoming ineffective against these life threatening pathogens so there is dire need for the discovery of compounds having unique modes of action. During our previous studies, actinomycetes designated as 196 and RI.24 were isolated, screened for bioactive compounds production and characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Colony 196 was identified as strain of Streptomyces albolongus (100% sequence similarity) and RI.24 as strain of Streptomyces enissocaesilis (100% sequence similarity). In current study, potential bioactive compounds produced by these strains were characterized. Cold extraction method was applied for taking out of bioactive compounds from actinomycetes. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination of compounds from these strains showed activity nearly in the range of commercial antibiotics (strain 196 0.0075 mg/ml, RI.24 0.25 mg/ml and chloramphenicol 0.0075 mg/ml, ampicillin 0.025 mg/ml). Structural elucidation of these compounds was carried out using spectroscopic techniques of LC-MS/MS and 1H NMR. Compounds K-252-C-Aglycone, indolocarbazole alkaloid, decoyinine, cycloheximide were detected from strain 196 whereas daunorubicin, hygromycin B, agecorynin F, indinavir-N-glucuronide and minocycline were identified from strain RI.24.Current study reports these compounds for the first time from strains of Streptomyces albolongus and Streptomyces enissocaesilis. Present investigation also suggests that strains 196 and RI.24 contain polyketide synthase-I (PKS-I) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters which are responsible for the production of bioactive compounds. The results of this study can be used by the scientific world or pharmaceutical industries for the development of new drugs/formulations by applying more advanced techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Kumar
- Microbial Technology Lab, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110 019, India
| | - Aditi Kundu
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Munendra Kumar
- Microbial Technology Lab, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110 019, India
| | - Renu Solanki
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Sector 3, Dwarka, Opp NSIT, New Delhi, 110 078, India
| | - Monisha Khanna Kapur
- Microbial Technology Lab, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110 019, India.
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15
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Singh S, Samineni R, Pabbaraja S, Mehta G. A General Carbazole Synthesis via Stitching of Indole–Ynones with Nitromethanes: Application to Total Synthesis of Carbazomycin A, Calothrixin B, and Staurosporinone. Org Lett 2019; 21:3372-3376. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Singh
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Ramesh Samineni
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Srihari Pabbaraja
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Goverdhan Mehta
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
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16
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Banerjee A, Guin A, Saha S, Mondal A, Maji MS. Formal [4 + 2] benzannulation of 2-alkenyl indoles with aldehydes: a route to structurally diverse carbazoles and bis-carbazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1822-1826. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02875c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Construction of structurally diverse carbazoles and bis-carbazoles by protecting-group-free formal [4 + 2]-benzannulation of 2-alkenyl indoles and aldehydes is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Avishek Guin
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Shuvendu Saha
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Anushree Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
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17
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Bzeih T, Zhang K, Khalaf A, Hachem A, Alami M, Hamze A. One-Pot Reaction between N-Tosylhydrazones and 2-Nitrobenzyl Bromide: Route to NH-Free C2-Arylindoles. J Org Chem 2018; 84:228-238. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tourin Bzeih
- LabEx LERMIT, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, BioCIS−UMR 8076, rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry F−92296, France
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences (1), and PRASE-EDST, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Kena Zhang
- LabEx LERMIT, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, BioCIS−UMR 8076, rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry F−92296, France
| | - Ali Khalaf
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences (1), and PRASE-EDST, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Ali Hachem
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences (1), and PRASE-EDST, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Mouad Alami
- LabEx LERMIT, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, BioCIS−UMR 8076, rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry F−92296, France
| | - Abdallah Hamze
- LabEx LERMIT, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, BioCIS−UMR 8076, rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry F−92296, France
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18
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Saha S, Banerjee A, Maji MS. Brønsted Acid Catalyzed One-Pot Benzannulation of 2-Alkenylindoles under Aerial Oxidation: A Route to Carbazoles and Indolo[2,3-a]carbazole Alkaloids. Org Lett 2018; 20:6920-6924. [PMID: 30358409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuvendu Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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19
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Janosik T, Rannug A, Rannug U, Wahlström N, Slätt J, Bergman J. Chemistry and Properties of Indolocarbazoles. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9058-9128. [PMID: 30191712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The indolocarbazoles are an important class of nitrogen heterocycles which has evolved significantly in recent years, with numerous studies focusing on their diverse biological effects, or targeting new materials with potential applications in organic electronics. This review aims at providing a broad survey of the chemistry and properties of indolocarbazoles from an interdisciplinary point of view, with particular emphasis on practical synthetic aspects, as well as certain topics which have not been previously accounted for in detail, such as the occurrence, formation, biological activities, and metabolism of indolo[3,2- b]carbazoles. The literature of the past decade forms the basis of the text, which is further supplemented with older key references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Janosik
- Research Institutes of Sweden , Bioscience and Materials, RISE Surface, Process and Formulation , SE-151 36 Södertälje , Sweden
| | - Agneta Rannug
- Institute of Environmental Medicine , Karolinska Institutet , SE-171 77 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Ulf Rannug
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | | | - Johnny Slätt
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Jan Bergman
- Karolinska Institutet , Department of Biosciences and Nutrition , SE-141 83 Huddinge , Sweden
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20
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Precursor-Directed Generation of Indolocarbazoles with Topoisomerase IIα Inhibitory Activity. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16050168. [PMID: 29772796 PMCID: PMC5983299 DOI: 10.3390/md16050168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One new indolocarbazole, 3-hydroxy-K252d (3), together with the recently reported 3-hydroxyholyrine A (1) and 3'-N-acetyl-3-hydroxyholyrine A (2), were obtained by feeding a culture of the marine-derived Streptomyces strain OUCMDZ-3118 with 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 potently induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by inhibiting topoisomerase IIα enzyme activity and reducing the expression of antiapoptosis protein level. Compound 3 displayed moderate cytotoxicity against the A549 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 1.2 ± 0.05 μM, 1.6 ± 0.09 μM, respectively.
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21
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Inamdar SM, Gonnade RG, Patil NT. Synthesis of annulated bis-indoles through Au(i)/Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions of (1H-indol-3-yl)(aryl)methanols with 2-(arylethynyl)-1H-indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:863-869. [PMID: 28009921 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02595a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A general method to access annulated bis-indoles from (1H-indol-3-yl)(aryl)methanols and 2-(arylethynyl)-1H-indoles under the catalysis of the Ph3PAuOTf/Brønsted acid binary catalyst system has been developed. The reaction was found to proceed in a highly efficient manner and benefit from easy-to-make starting materials, broad substrate scope and operational simplicity. The potential of this method has also been exemplified for the synthesis of pyrrole-annulated indoles using 2-(phenylethynyl)-1H-indoles and phenyl(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methanols. Furthermore, the use of a ternary catalyst system, involving PdCl2/Brønsted acid/Ph3PAuOTf catalysts, has been realized for the synthesis of annulated bis-indoles starting directly from 2-(phenylbuta-1,3-diyn-1-yl)aniline and (1H-indol-3-yl)(aryl)methanol. Mechanistically, this reaction is very interesting since the overall process involves three different catalytic cycles catalyzed by three different catalysts in a relay fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleman M Inamdar
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune - 411 008, India.
| | - Rajesh G Gonnade
- Center for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune - 411 008, India
| | - Nitin T Patil
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune - 411 008, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi - 110 025, India
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22
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Muthu Ramalingam B, Dhatchana Moorthy N, Chowdhury SR, Mageshwaran T, Vellaichamy E, Saha S, Ganesan K, Rajesh BN, Iqbal S, Majumder HK, Gunasekaran K, Siva R, Mohanakrishnan AK. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Calothrixins B and their Deoxygenated Analogues. J Med Chem 2018; 61:1285-1315. [PMID: 29313676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of calothrixin B (2) analogues bearing substituents at the 'E' ring and their corresponding deoxygenated quinocarbazoles lacking quinone unit were synthesized. The cytotoxicities of calothrixins 1, 2, and 15b-p and quinocarbazole analogues were investigated against nine cancer cell lines. The quinocarbazoles 21a and 25a inhibited the catalytic activity of human topoisomerase II. The plasmid DNA cleavage abilities of calothrixins 1, 2, and 15b-p identified compound 15h causing DNA cleavage comparable to that of calothrixin A (1). Calothrixin A (1), 3-fluorocalothrixin 15h and 4-fluoroquinocarbazole 21b induced extensive DNA damage followed by apoptotic cell death. Spectral and plasmid unwinding studies demonstrated an intercalative mode of binding for quinocarbazoles. We identified two promising drug candidates, the 3-fluorocalothrixin B 15h with low toxicity in animal model and its deoxygenated derivative 4-fluoroquinocarbazole 21b as having potent cytotoxicity against NCI-H460 cell line with a GI50 of 1 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bose Muthu Ramalingam
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Nachiappan Dhatchana Moorthy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.,Research and Development Centre, Orchid Pharma Ltd , Sholinganallur, Chennai 600 119, India
| | - Somenath Roy Chowdhury
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | | | - Elangovan Vellaichamy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Sourav Saha
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Karthikeyan Ganesan
- Research and Development Centre, Orchid Pharma Ltd , Sholinganallur, Chennai 600 119, India
| | - B Navin Rajesh
- Research and Development Centre, Orchid Pharma Ltd , Sholinganallur, Chennai 600 119, India
| | - Saleem Iqbal
- CAS in Crystallography & Biophysics, University of Madras , Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Hemanta K Majumder
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | | | - Ramamoorthy Siva
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University , Vellore 632 014, India
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23
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Saini HK, Nandwana NK, Dhiman S, Rangan K, Kumar A. Sequential Copper-Catalyzed Sonogashira Coupling, Hydroamination and Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Direct Arylation: Synthesis of Azepino-Fused Isoindolinones. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani; Pilani Campus 333031 Pilani Rajasthan India
| | | | - Shiv Dhiman
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani; Pilani Campus 333031 Pilani Rajasthan India
| | - Krishnan Rangan
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani; Hyderabad Campus 500078 Secunderabad Telangana India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani; Pilani Campus 333031 Pilani Rajasthan India
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24
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Lee S, Kim KH, Cheon CH. Total Syntheses of Arcyriaflavin A and Calothrixin B Using 2,2′-Bisindole-3-acetic Acid Derivative as a Common Intermediate. Org Lett 2017; 19:2785-2788. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sungjong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hong Cheon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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25
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Pal S, Choudhary D, Jainth M, Kumar S, Tiwari RK, Verma AK. Regio- and Stereoselective Domino Synthesis of Oxazolo Fused Pyridoindoles and Benzofurooxazolo Pyridines from ortho-Alkynylarylaldehydes. J Org Chem 2016; 81:9356-9371. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Pal
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Deepak Choudhary
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mohit Jainth
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Sonu Kumar
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Rakesh K. Tiwari
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, 9401
Jeronimo Road, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Akhilesh K. Verma
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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26
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Raju P, Mohanakrishnan AK. Synthetic Approach to Dictyodendrins: A Facile Synthesis of Pyrrolo[2,3-c]carbazole, Pyrrolodibenzothiophene, and Benzo[e]indole. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Potharaju Raju
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Madras; Guindy Campus 600025 Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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27
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Fox JC, Gilligan RE, Pitts AK, Bennett HR, Gaunt MJ. The total synthesis of K-252c (staurosporinone) via a sequential C-H functionalisation strategy. Chem Sci 2016; 7:2706-2710. [PMID: 28660044 PMCID: PMC5477024 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04399a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthesis of the bioactive indolocarbazole alkaloid K-252c (staurosporinone) via a sequential C-H functionalisation strategy is reported. The route exploits direct functionalisation reactions around a simple arene core and comprises of two highly-selective copper-catalysed C-H arylations, a copper-catalysed C-H amination and a palladium-catalysed C-H carbonylation, which build up the structural complexity of the natural product framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Fox
- Department of Chemistry , Department of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - R E Gilligan
- Department of Chemistry , Department of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - A K Pitts
- Department of Chemistry , Department of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - H R Bennett
- Department of Chemistry , Department of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - M J Gaunt
- Department of Chemistry , Department of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
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28
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Yuan ZG, Wang Q, Zheng A, Zhang K, Lu LQ, Tang Z, Xiao WJ. Visible light-photocatalysed carbazole synthesis via a formal (4+2) cycloaddition of indole-derived bromides and alkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5128-31. [PMID: 26987917 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc10542k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We successfully developed an unprecedented route to carbazole synthesis through a visible light-photocatalysed formal (4+2) cycloaddition of indole-derived bromides and alkynes. This novel protocol features extremely mild conditions, a broad substrate scope and high reaction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
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29
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Gong P, Li L, Sun J, Xue P, Lu R. Synthesis of π-extended N-fused heteroacenes via regioselective Cadogan reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Raju P, Gobi Rajeshwaran G, Mohanakrishnan AK. Synthetic Studies on Indolocarbazoles: A Facile Synthesis of Staurosporinone Analogues. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Wu JQ, Yang Z, Zhang SS, Jiang CY, Li Q, Huang ZS, Wang H. From Indoles to Carbazoles: Tandem Cp*Rh(III)-Catalyzed C–H Activation/Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Cyclization Reactions. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shang-Shi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chun-Yong Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qingjiang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Honggen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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32
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Raju P, Gobi Rajeshwaran G, Nandakumar M, Mohanakrishnan AK. Unusual Reactivity of Aryl Aldehydes with Triethyl Phosphite and Zinc Bromide: A Facile Preparation of Epoxides, Benzisoxazoles, and α-Hydroxy Phosphonate Esters. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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33
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Deng JC, Chen WY, Zhu C, Chuang SC. Multicomponent Reactions of Phosphines, Enynedioates and Cinnamaldimines Give γ-Lactams with a 1,3,5-Hexatriene Moiety for Facile 6π Electrocyclization: Access to Oxindoles, Isatins and Isoxazolinones. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201401134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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34
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Borrero NV, DeRatt LG, Ferreira Barbosa L, Abboud KA, Aponick A. Tandem Gold-Catalyzed Dehydrative Cyclization/Diels–Alder Reactions: Facile Access to Indolocarbazole Alkaloids. Org Lett 2015; 17:1754-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas V. Borrero
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Lindsey G. DeRatt
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Lais Ferreira Barbosa
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Khalil A. Abboud
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Aaron Aponick
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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35
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36
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Boominathan SSK, Senadi GC, Vandavasi JK, Chen JY, Wang J. An Iron‐Catalyzed Cascade Approach to Benzo[
b
]carbazole Synthesis Followed by 1,4‐Sulfonyl Migration. Chemistry 2015; 21:3193-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Senthil Kumar Boominathan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih‐Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung (Taiwan)
| | - Gopal Chandru Senadi
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih‐Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung (Taiwan)
| | - Jaya Kishore Vandavasi
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih‐Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung (Taiwan)
| | - Jeff Yi‐Fu Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih‐Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung (Taiwan)
| | - Jeh‐Jeng Wang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih‐Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung (Taiwan)
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37
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38
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Mal D, Roy J. A regioselective facile synthesis of furo[3,4-b]carbazolones: application to the total synthesis of mafaicheenamine E and claulansine D. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:6344-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00575b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1-Hydroxycarbazole-2,3-dicarboxylates have been shown to undergo chemoselective reductive cyclization to furo[3,4-b]carbazolones with LiAlH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipakranjan Mal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Joyeeta Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
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39
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Markad SB, Argade NP. Diversity oriented convergent access for collective total synthesis of bioactive multifunctional carbazole alkaloids: synthesis of carbazomycin A, carbazomycin B, hyellazole, chlorohyellazole, and clausenaline D. Org Lett 2014; 16:5470-3. [PMID: 25296703 DOI: 10.1021/ol502721r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Facile syntheses of imperative carbazole alkaloids carbazomycin A, carbazomycin B, hyellazole, chlorohyellazole, and clausenaline D have been demonstrated starting from readily available Boc-protected 3-formylindole and dimethyl maleate. The suitably substituted aromatic rings have been designed comprising three/four significant C-C bond forming reactions. The competent Wittig reaction, selective monoalkylations, one-pot regioselective Weinreb amide formation and Boc-deprotection, well designed Grignard reactions, dehydrative intramolecular cyclizations, and Baeyer-Villiger rearrangement of aromatic aldehydes were the main features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaji B Markad
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR) , Pune 411 008, India
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40
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van Loon AA, Holton MK, Downey C, White TM, Rolph CE, Bruening SR, Li G, Delaney KM, Pelkey SJ, Pelkey ET. Preparation of dibenzo[e,g]isoindol-1-ones via Scholl-type oxidative cyclization reactions. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8049-58. [PMID: 25138638 PMCID: PMC4156242 DOI: 10.1021/jo501185f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A flexible synthesis of dibenzo[e,g]isoindol-1-ones has been developed. Dibenzo[e,g]isoindol-1-ones represent simplified benzenoid analogues of biological indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazol-5-ones (indolocarbazoles), compounds that have demonstrated a wide range of biological activity. The synthesis of the title compounds involved tetramic acid sulfonates. Different aryl groups were introduced at C4 of the heterocyclic ring via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Finally, mild Scholl-type oxidative cyclizations mediated by phenyliodine(III) bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA) converted some of the latter compounds into the corresponding dibenzo[e,g]isoindol-1-ones. A systematic study of the oxidative cyclization revealed the following reactivity trend: 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl ≫ 3-methoxyphenyl > 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl > 4-methoxyphenyl ≈ phenyl. Overall, the oxidative cyclization required at least two methoxy groups distributed in the aromatic rings, at least one of which had to be located para to the site of the cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A. van Loon
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
| | - Maeve K. Holton
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
| | - Catherine
R. Downey
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
| | - Taryn M. White
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
| | - Carly E. Rolph
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
| | - Stephen R. Bruening
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
| | - Guanqun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
| | - Katherine M. Delaney
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
| | - Sarah J. Pelkey
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
| | - Erin T. Pelkey
- Department of Chemistry, Hobart and William
Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, United
States
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Ngernmeesri P, Soonkit S, Konkhum A, Kongkathip B. Formal synthesis of (±)-cladoniamide G. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Roy J, Mal D. Total Synthesis of Carbazole Alkaloids - Ekeberginine, Harmandianamine A, and Furanoclausamine B. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ramalingam BM, Saravanan V, Mohanakrishnan AK. Synthesis of calothrixins and its analogs using FeCl3-mediated domino reaction protocol. Org Lett 2013; 15:3726-9. [PMID: 23819770 DOI: 10.1021/ol4015738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel one pot synthesis of calothrixin B and its analogs is achieved involving an FeCl3-mediated domino reaction of enamines in dry DMF at reflux. Alternatively, the enamines upon interaction with CuBr2 in DMF at reflux led to the formation of 1-phenylsulfony-2-(2'-nitroaryl)-4-hydroxycarbazole-3-carbaldehydes in excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bose Muthu Ramalingam
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
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Schmidt AW, Reddy KR, Knölker HJ. Occurrence, Biogenesis, and Synthesis of Biologically Active Carbazole Alkaloids. Chem Rev 2012; 112:3193-328. [PMID: 22480243 DOI: 10.1021/cr200447s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 899] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arndt W. Schmidt
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden,
Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kethiri R. Reddy
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden,
Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden,
Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Sreenivas DK, Ramkumar N, Nagarajan R. Copper-mediated domino synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-b]carbazolones via Ullmann N-arylation and aerobic oxidative C-H amidation. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3417-23. [PMID: 22426822 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob07179g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
New pyrimido[4,5-b]carbazolone derivatives have been synthesized through cascade Ullmann N-arylation and aerobic oxidative C-H amidation reactions catalyzed by CuBr under air and ligand-free conditions.
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