1
|
Lei Y, Bao L, Hu Q, Zhang K, Zong L, Hu Y. Ferrocenyl conjugated oxazepines/quinolines: multiyne coupling and ring-expanding or rearrangement. Front Chem 2024; 12:1441539. [PMID: 39144699 PMCID: PMC11322062 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1441539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferrocenyl conjugated oxazepine/quinoline derivatives were presented through the reaction of hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) generated arynes with ferrocenyl oxazolines under mild conditions via ring-expanding or rearrangement processes. Water molecule participated in this unexpected rearrangement process to produce quinoline skeletons, and DFT calculations supported a ring-expanding and intramolecular hydrogen migration process for the formation of oxazepine derivatives. Two variants of this chemistry, expanded the reactivity between ferrocenyl conjugated substances and arynes, further providing an innovative approach for the synthesis of ferrocene derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yimin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lenko I, Alayrac C, Bożek I, Witulski B. 1,3-Butadiynamides the Ethynylogous Ynamides: Synthesis, Properties and Applications in Heterocyclic Chemistry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114564. [PMID: 37299038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
1,3-butadiynamides-the ethynylogous variants of ynamides-receive considerable attention as precursors of complex molecular scaffolds for organic and heterocyclic chemistry. The synthetic potential of these C4-building blocks reveals itself in sophisticated transition-metal catalyzed annulation reactions and in metal-free or silver-mediated HDDA (Hexa-dehydro-Diels-Alder) cycloadditions. 1,3-Butadiynamides also gain significance as optoelectronic materials and in less explored views on their unique helical twisted frontier molecular orbitals (Hel-FMOs). The present account summarizes different methodologies for the synthesis of 1,3-butadiynamides followed by the description of their molecular structure and electronic properties. Finally, the surprisingly rich chemistry of 1,3-butadiynamides as versatile C4-building blocks in heterocyclic chemistry is reviewed by compiling their exciting reactivity, specificity and opportunities for organic synthesis. Besides chemical transformations and use in synthesis, a focus is set on the mechanistic understanding of the chemistry of 1,3-butadiynamides-suggesting that 1,3-butadiynamides are not just simple alkynes. These ethynylogous variants of ynamides have their own molecular character and chemical reactivity and reflect a new class of remarkably useful compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Illia Lenko
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-Organique (LCMT), CNRS UMR 6507, ENSICAEN & UNICAEN, Normandie University, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Carole Alayrac
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-Organique (LCMT), CNRS UMR 6507, ENSICAEN & UNICAEN, Normandie University, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Igor Bożek
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-Organique (LCMT), CNRS UMR 6507, ENSICAEN & UNICAEN, Normandie University, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Bernhard Witulski
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-Organique (LCMT), CNRS UMR 6507, ENSICAEN & UNICAEN, Normandie University, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Le A, Gupta S, Xu M, Xia Y, Lee D. Development of an Allenyne-Alkyne [4+2] Cycloaddition and its Application to Total Synthesis of Selaginpulvilin A. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202015. [PMID: 35771213 PMCID: PMC9805236 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A new [4+2] cycloaddition of allenyne-alkyne is developed. The reaction is believed to proceed with forming an α,3-dehydrotoluene intermediate. This species behaves as a σπ-diradical to react with a hydrogen atom donor, whereas it displays a zwitterionic reactivity toward weak nucleophiles. The efficiency of trapping α,3-dehydrotoluene depends not only on its substituents but also the trapping agents. Notable features of the reaction are the activating role of the extra alkyne of the 1,3-diyne that reacts with the allenyne moiety and the opposite mode of trapping with oxygen and nitrogen nucleophiles. Oxygen nucleophiles result in the oxygen-end incorporation at the benzylic position of the α,3-dehydrotoluene, whereas with amine nucleophiles the nitrogen-end is incorporated into the aromatic core. Relying on the allenyne-alkyne cycloaddition as an enabling strategy, a concise total synthesis of phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitory selaginpulvilin A is realized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anh Le
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois Chicago845 West Taylor Street60607ChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Saswata Gupta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois Chicago845 West Taylor Street60607ChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Man Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University325035WenzhouZhejiang ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University325035WenzhouZhejiang ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois Chicago845 West Taylor Street60607ChicagoIllinoisUSA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fluegel LL, Hoye TR. Hexadehydro-Diels-Alder Reaction: Benzyne Generation via Cycloisomerization of Tethered Triynes. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2413-2444. [PMID: 33492939 PMCID: PMC8008985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) reaction is the thermal cyclization of an alkyne and a 1,3-diyne to generate a benzyne intermediate. This is then rapidly trapped, in situ, by a variety of species to yield highly functionalized benzenoid products. In contrast to nearly all other methods of aryne generation, no other reagents are required to produce an HDDA benzyne. The versatile and customizable nature of the process has attracted much attention due not only to its synthetic potential but also because of the fundamental mechanistic insights the studies often afford. The authors have attempted to provide here a comprehensive compilation of publications appearing by mid-2020 that describe experimental results of HDDA reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas L Fluegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang G, Wu J, Cheng H, Zhong C, He Z. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed [3+2] Annulations of β‐Halocycloenals with Isatins and Mechanism Study. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology LiuFang Campus Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone No.206, Guanggu 1st road Wuhan 430025 P.R. China
| | - Jiang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology LiuFang Campus Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone No.206, Guanggu 1st road Wuhan 430025 P.R. China
| | - Hang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology LiuFang Campus Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone No.206, Guanggu 1st road Wuhan 430025 P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials Department of Chemistry Wuhan University No.299, Bayi road Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Zhao‐Lin He
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology LiuFang Campus Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone No.206, Guanggu 1st road Wuhan 430025 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zheng X, Liu B, Yang F, Hu Q, Yao L, Hu Y. Access to Benzoxazepines and Fully Substituted Indoles via HDDA Coupling. Org Lett 2020; 22:956-959. [PMID: 31989829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The HDDA-derived benzyne intermediate was captured by oxazolines based on the addition reaction of benzyne to the C═N double bond. Benzoxazepine derivatives, fused benzoxazepine derivatives, and fully substituted indoles are synthesized in one step. The reaction does not require any catalyst or additives. Possible reaction mechanisms are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, State Laboratory Cultivation Base, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , Anhui 241002 , China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, State Laboratory Cultivation Base, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , Anhui 241002 , China
| | - Feihu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, State Laboratory Cultivation Base, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , Anhui 241002 , China
| | - Qiong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, State Laboratory Cultivation Base, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , Anhui 241002 , China
| | - Liangliang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, State Laboratory Cultivation Base, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , Anhui 241002 , China
| | - Yimin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, State Laboratory Cultivation Base, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , Anhui 241002 , China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ng JPL, Coghi P, Law BYK, Liu L, Wong VKW. The present and future synthetic strategies of structural modifications of sinomenine. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00785d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the modifications of sinomenine, a hot compound derived from herbal plants, which possesses diverse biological activities and low cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome P. L. Ng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Paolo Coghi
- School of Pharmacy
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ghorai S, Lin Y, Xia Y, Wink DJ, Lee D. Silver-Catalyzed Annulation of Arynes with Nitriles for Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Quinazolines. Org Lett 2019; 22:626-630. [PMID: 31887054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Yongjia Lin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P.R. China
| | - Donald J. Wink
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ghorai S, Lee D. Synthesis of Imides, Imidates, Amidines, and Amides by Intercepting the Aryne-Isocyanide Adduct with Weak Nucleophiles. Org Lett 2019; 21:7390-7393. [PMID: 31482701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
New aryne-based multicomponent coupling reactions for the formation of functionalized aromatic compounds have been developed. Arynes generated from triynes or tetraynes through the hexadehydro Diels-Alder reaction readily react with isocyanide to generate nitrilium intermediate. Intercepting this nitrilium species with various weak nucleophile including carboxylic acids, alcohols, sulfonamides, or water generated the corresponding imides, imidates, amidines, or amides. The high regioselectivity of these transformations was mainly controlled by the substituents of the arynes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
A SO2F2 mediated mild, practical, and gram-scale dehydroxylative transforming primary alcohols to quaternary ammonium salts. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
11
|
Uchida K, Yoshida S, Hosoya T. Synthetic Aryne Chemistry toward Multicomponent Coupling. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2019. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.77.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suguru Yoshida
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Reactions of thermally generated benzynes with diaziridines are reported. These trapping reactions follow the same pathway as reported earlier by Heine and co-workers with electron-deficient alkynes. The resulting N-arylhydrazones were obtained efficiently in a single step. The preference for the mode of addition of the nucleophilic diaziridine nitrogen atom to the more electrophilic benzyne carbon was consistent with what is predicted on the basis of distortion analysis. The feasibility of converting the hydrazone into a Fisher-indole adduct was demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Arora
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Vignesh Palani
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiao X, Wang T, Xu F, Hoye TR. Cu I -Mediated Bromoalkynylation and Hydroalkynylation Reactions of Unsymmetrical Benzynes: Complementary Modes of Addition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16564-16568. [PMID: 30390400 PMCID: PMC6386157 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Benzynes formed by heating a suitable triyne (or tetrayne) substrate are shown to react with in situ generated alkynyl copper species. The latter are compatible with the polyyne substrates and two types of chemistries have been achieved: (i) 1-bromo-1-alkynes efficiently undergo net bromoalkynylation of the (unsymmetrical) benzynes and (ii) in situ generated alkynylcopper species give rise to hydroalkynylation products. The regiochemical preferences of these two modes of reaction are complementary to one another with respect to the position of alkynyl substituent in the final products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207
Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207
Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207
Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207
Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xiao X, Wang T, Xu F, Hoye TR. CuI
-Mediated Bromoalkynylation and Hydroalkynylation Reactions of Unsymmetrical Benzynes: Complementary Modes of Addition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Karmakar R, Le A, Xie P, Xia Y, Lee D. Reactivity of Arynes for Arene Dearomatization. Org Lett 2018; 20:4168-4172. [PMID: 29965773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Anh Le
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Peipei Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ross SP, Hoye TR. Multiheterocyclic Motifs via Three-Component Reactions of Benzynes, Cyclic Amines, and Protic Nucleophiles. Org Lett 2018; 20:100-103. [PMID: 29239617 PMCID: PMC6344887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A broadly general, three-component reaction strategy for the construction of compounds containing multiple heterocycles is described. Thermal benzyne formation (by the hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) reaction) in the presence of tertiary cyclic amines and a protic nucleophile (HNu) gives, via ring-opening of intermediate ammonium ion/Nu- ion pairs, heterocyclic products. Many reactions are efficient even when the stoichiometric loading of the three reactants approaches unity. Use of HOSO2CF3 as the HNu gives ammonium triflate intermediates, which can then be ring opened by an even wider variety of nucleophiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean P. Ross
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St., SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St., SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gupta S, Xie P, Xia Y, Lee D. Reactivity of arynes toward functionalized alkenes: intermolecular Alder-ene vs. addition reactions. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00470f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The selectivity between two different manifolds of reactions of arynes reacting with functionalized alkenes is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saswata Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Peipei Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ross SP, Baire B, Hoye TR. Mechanistic Duality in Tertiary Amine Additions to Thermally Generated Hexadehydro-Diels-Alder Benzynes. Org Lett 2017; 19:5705-5708. [PMID: 28981290 PMCID: PMC5650509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reported here are studies directed at understanding the mechanism of tertiary amine addition to hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA)-generated benzynes. Tertiary amines are presumed to engage benzynes by generation of a zwitterionic intermediate. Simple trialkylamines undergo intermolecular protonation by a protic nucleophile to give an aryl ammonium intermediate that is then dealkylated. Amines containing acidified β-protons undergo an intramolecular elimination to give the aniline and an alkene. Finally, amino alcohols react at either of their N- or O atoms, depending upon the extent of internal hydrogen bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean P. Ross
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St., SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Beeraiah Baire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St., SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St., SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gupta S, Xie P, Xia Y, Lee D. Reactivity and Selectivity in the Intermolecular Alder–Ene Reactions of Arynes with Functionalized Alkenes. Org Lett 2017; 19:5162-5165. [PMID: 28901155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saswata Gupta
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Peipei Xie
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ghorai S, Lee D. Aryne formation via the hexadehydro Diels-Alder reaction and their Ritter-type transformations catalyzed by a cationic silver complex. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
21
|
Meng X, Lv S, Cheng D, Hu Q, Ma J, Liu B, Hu Y. Fused Multifunctionalized Chromenes from Tetraynes and α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes. Chemistry 2017; 23:6264-6271. [PMID: 28295732 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of fused, highly substituted chromenes in a one-pot-three-step cascade hexadehydro-Diels-Alder reaction of tetraynes followed by an intermolecular α,β-unsaturated aldehyde rearrangement is reported. The target compounds were prepared by the condensation of malonates with 3-bromo-1-propyne, and the resulting 2,2-di(1-propyn-3-yl)malonates underwent cross-coupling with phenylethynyl bromides to afford 2,2-di(5-phenyl-2,4-pentadiynyl)malonates, which underwent intramolecular cyclization to produce tricyclic chromenes. The overall transformation involves the formation of four new C-C bonds and one new C-aryl-O-C-aryl bond by both intramolecular cyclization and intermolecular rearrangement reactions. These constitute a key strategy for the construction of a highly substituted natural chromene core and a robust method for producing other chromenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhen Meng
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Lv
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Dong Cheng
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Hu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Yimin Hu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hu Y, Hu Y, Hu Q, Ma J, Lv S, Liu B, Wang S. Direct Access to Fused Salicylaldehydes and Salicylketones from Tetraynes. Chemistry 2017; 23:4065-4072. [PMID: 27992086 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A facile method for the synthesis of fused, multifunctionalized salicylaldehydes and salicylketones by a one-pot, three-step cascade hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) reaction of tetraynes followed by an intermolecular aldehyde/ketone reaction and hydroxylation is reported. Target compounds were prepared by the condensation of malonates with 3-bromo-1-propyne, and the resulting 2,2-di(1-propyn-3-yl)malonates underwent cross-coupling with phenylethynyl bromides to afford 2,2-di(5-phenyl-2,4-pentadiynyl)malonates, which underwent intramolecular cyclization to produce bicyclic salicylaldehydes. The overall transformation involves the formation of four new C-C bonds and one new Caryl -O bond through both intramolecular and intermolecular reactions. The reaction is easy to perform, proceeds under mild conditions, and exhibits excellent regioselectivity. Water, a simple and readily available reagent, was employed as the OH source. A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed for this new annulation based on isotopic substitution experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Hu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Hu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Hu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Lv
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jian H, Liu K, Wang WH, Li ZJ, Dai B, He L. Construction of 9-functionalized xanthenes via Diels-Alder reaction of stable ortho-quinone methides and arynes. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
24
|
Ross SP, Hoye TR. Reactions of hexadehydro-Diels-Alder benzynes with structurally complex multifunctional natural products. Nat Chem 2017; 9:523-530. [PMID: 28537589 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An important question in organic chemistry concerns the extent to which benzynes-one of the classical reactive intermediates in organic chemistry-can react in discriminating fashion with trapping reagents. In particular, whether these species can react selectively with substrates containing multiple functional groups and possible sites of reactivity has remained unanswered. Natural products comprise a palette of multifunctional compounds with which to address this question. Here, we show that benzynes produced by the hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) reaction react with many secondary metabolites with a preference for one among several pathways. Examples demonstrating such selectivity include reactions with: phenolics, through dearomatizing ortho-substitution; alkaloids, through Hofmann-type elimination; tropolone and furan, through cycloaddition; and alkaloids, through three-component fragmentation-coupling reactions. We also demonstrate that the cinchona alkaloids quinidine and quinine give rise to products (some in as few as three steps) that enable subsequent and rapid access to structurally diverse polyheterocyclic compounds. The results show that benzynes are quite discriminating in their reactivity-a trait perhaps not broadly enough appreciated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Ross
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Idiris FIM, Jones CR. Recent advances in fluoride-free aryne generation from arene precursors. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9044-9056. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01947e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aryne chemistry has flourished in the past few decades. This review highlights new aryne precursors that operate under fluoride-free conditions as alternative methodologies to the popular fluoride-mediated ortho-silylaryl triflates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahima I. M. Idiris
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Christopher R. Jones
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Diamond OJ, Marder TB. Methodology and applications of the hexadehydro-Diels–Alder (HDDA) reaction. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00071e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hexadehydro-Diels–Alder (HDDA) reactions between alkynes and 1,3-diynes readily generate highly reactive and synthetically useful arynes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J. Diamond
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hu Q, Li L, Yin F, Zhang H, Hu Y, Liu B, Hu Y. Fused multifunctionalized isoindole-1,3-diones via the coupled oxidation of imidazoles and tetraynes. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08817e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The facile synthesis of fused multifunctionalized isoindole-1,3-diones by a hexadehydro-Diels–Alder domino reaction of various substituted tetraynes and imidazole derivatives is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Hu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Lidong Li
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Fei Yin
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Yadong Hu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Baohua Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Yimin Hu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Karmakar R, Lee D. Total Synthesis of Selaginpulvilin C and D Relying on in Situ Formation of Arynes and Their Hydrogenation. Org Lett 2016; 18:6105-6107. [PMID: 27934339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang T, Hoye TR. Hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA)-Enabled Carbazolyne Chemistry: Single Step, de Novo Construction of the Pyranocarbazole Core of Alkaloids of the Murraya koenigii (Curry Tree) Family. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13870-13873. [PMID: 27734671 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b09628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the use of the hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) reaction for the de novo construction of a benzenoid ring in fused polycyclic heteroaromatic carbazole (i.e., [2,3]-benzoindole) skeletons. The strategy allows creation of highly substituted benzenoids. We also describe the HDDA-enabled chemical synthesis of the natural product alkaloids mahanimbine and koenidine. Trapping of the intermediate carbazolyne with a conjugated enal, proceeding through formal [2+2] cycloaddition, 4π-electrocyclic ring opening, and 6π-electrocyclic ring-closing events, constitutes a robust method for producing pyranocarbazoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Karmakar R, Mamidipalli P, Salzman RM, Hong S, Yun SY, Guo W, Xia Y, Lee D. Benzannulation of Triynes Initiated by an Alder-Ene Reaction and Subsequent Trifluoromethylthiolate Addition. Org Lett 2016; 18:3530-3. [PMID: 27443700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Karmakar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Phani Mamidipalli
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Ryan M. Salzman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Seongwon Hong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Sang Young Yun
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Wei Guo
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang T, Naredla RR, Thompson SK, Hoye TR. The pentadehydro-Diels-Alder reaction. Nature 2016; 532:484-8. [PMID: 27088605 PMCID: PMC4877333 DOI: 10.1038/nature17429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the classic Diels–Alder (DA) [4+2] cycloaddition reaction1, the overall degree of unsaturation of the 4π (diene) and 2π (dienophile) pairs of reactants dictates the oxidation state of the newly formed six-membered carbocycle. For example, in the classic DA reaction, butadiene and ethylene combine to produce cyclohexene. More recent developments include variants in which the hydrogen atom count in the reactant pair and in the resulting product is reduced by2, for example, four in the tetradehydro-DA (TDDA) and by six in the hexadehydro-DA (HDDA3,4,5,6,7) reactions. Any oxidation state higher than tetradehydro leads to the production of a reactive intermediate that is more highly oxidized than benzene. This significantly increases the power of the overall process because trapping of the benzyne intermediate8,9 can be used to increase the structural complexity of the final product in a controllable and versatile manner. In this manuscript, we report an unprecedented net 4π+2π cycloaddition reaction that generates a different, highly reactive intermediate known as an α,3-dehydrotoluene. This species is at the same oxidation state as a benzyne. Like benzynes, α,3-dehydrotoluenes can be captured by various trapping agents to produce structurally diverse products that are complementary to those arising from the HDDA process. We call this new cycloisomerization reaction a pentadehydro-Diels–Alder (PDDA) reaction—a nomenclature chosen for chemical taxonomic rather than mechanistic reasons. In addition to alkynes, nitriles (RC≡N), although non-participants in aza-HDDA reactions, readily function as the 2π-component in PDDA cyclizations to produce, via trapping of the α,3-(5-aza)dehydrotoluene intermediates, pyridine-containing products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Rajasekhar Reddy Naredla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Severin K Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen J, Palani V, Hoye TR. Reactions of HDDA-Derived Benzynes with Sulfides: Mechanism, Modes, and Three-Component Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4318-21. [PMID: 27010747 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report here reactions of alkyl sulfides with benzynes thermally generated by the hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) cycloisomerization. The initially produced 1,3-betaine (o-sulfonium/aryl carbanion) undergoes intramolecular proton transfer to generate a more stable S-aryl sulfur ylide. This can react in various manners, including engaging weak acids (HA) in the reaction medium. This can produce transient ion pairs ArSR2(+)A(-) that proceed to the products ArSR + RA. When cyclic sulfides are used, A(-) opens the ring and is incorporated into the product, an outcome that constitutes a versatile, three-component coupling process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Vignesh Palani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
A transition-metal-free procedure for the N-arylation of tertiary amines to sp(3) quaternary ammonium salts is described. The presented conditions allow for the isolation of trialkylaryl, dialkyldiaryl, and novel triarylalkyl ammonium salts, including N-chiral quaternary ammonium salts. The reaction works at room temperature, open to air with electron-rich or -poor benzyne precursors and different tertiary amines, allowing the synthesis of a broad range of N-aryl ammonium salts that have applications in a variety of fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Hirsch
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa, Israel
| | - Shubhendu Dhara
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa, Israel
| | - Charles E Diesendruck
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Karmakar R, Wang KP, Yun SY, Mamidipalli P, Lee D. Hydrohalogenative aromatization of multiynes promoted by ruthenium alkylidene complexes. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:4782-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new functionalization method of arynes promoted by a novel catalytic role of the Grubbs-type ruthenium alkylidene complex is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Kung-Pern Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Sang Young Yun
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | | | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
This tutorial review describes all known reactions of arynes promoted by silver-based reagents and catalysts focusing on reactivity and selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Diels–Alder reactions of arynes in situ generated from DA reaction between bis-1,3-diynes and alkynes. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
38
|
Li W, Zhou L, Zhang J. Recent Progress in Dehydro(genative) Diels-Alder Reaction. Chemistry 2015; 22:1558-71. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Liejin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; CAS; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Yoshida
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Skraba-Joiner SL, Johnson RP, Agarwal J. Dehydropericyclic Reactions: Symmetry-Controlled Routes to Strained Reactive Intermediates. J Org Chem 2015; 80:11779-87. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Skraba-Joiner
- Department of Chemistry and
Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Richard P. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and
Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Jay Agarwal
- Center for Computational
Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Synthesis of Phenolic Compounds by Trapping Arynes with a Hydroxy Surrogate. Molecules 2015; 20:15862-80. [PMID: 26334266 PMCID: PMC6331853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200915862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Trapping of arynes with various nucleophiles provides a range of heteroatom-functionalized arene derivatives, but the corresponding reaction with water does not provide phenol derivatives. Silver trifluroacetate (AgO2CCF3) can nicely solve this problem. It was found that in typical organic solvent, AgO2CCF3 readily reacts with arynes to generate trifluoroacetoxy organosilver arene intermediate, which, upon treating with silica gel, provides phenolic products. This protocol can be extended to the synthesis of α-halofunctionalized phenol derivatives by simply adding NBS (N-bromosuccinimides) or NIS (N-iodosuccinimides) to the reaction along with silver trifluroacetate, which provided α-bromo or α-iodophenol derivatives in good yield. However, the similar reactions with NCS (N-chlorosuccinimides) afforded only the protonated product instead of the expected α-chlorophenols derivatives. Interestingly, substrates containing silyl substituents on 1,3-diynes resulted in α-halotrifluoroacetates rather than their hydrolyzed product. Additionally, trapping the same arynes with other oxygen-based nucleophiles containing silver counter cation, along with NXS (N-halosuccinimides), generated α-halooxyfunctionalized products.
Collapse
|
42
|
Synthesis of substituted 4,4´-dihalobiphenyls and their use for the preparation of isomeric bis(carbazolyl)biphenyls. Russ Chem Bull 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-1104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
43
|
Watanabe T, Curran DP, Taniguchi T. Hydroboration of Arynes Formed by Hexadehydro-Diels–Alder Cyclizations with N-Heterocyclic Carbene Boranes. Org Lett 2015; 17:3450-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Watanabe
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Dennis P. Curran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Tsuyoshi Taniguchi
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Nguyen QL, Baire B, Hoye TR. Competition between classical and hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) reactions of HDDA triynes with furan. Tetrahedron Lett 2015; 56:3265-3267. [PMID: 26028780 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report here thermal reactions between furan and one of three related triyne substrates. Each triyne is capable of reacting initially in two modes: (i) unimolecular hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) reaction or (ii) bimolecular Diels-Alder reaction between one of its alkynes with furan. The relative rates of these initial events are such that two of the substrates react essentially in only one of modes (i) or (ii). The third is intermediate in behavior; its bifurcation is dependent on the concentration of the furan reactant. These results teach, more generally, principles relevant to the design of efficient HDDA-based reaction cascades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quang Luu Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St., SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
| | - Beeraiah Baire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St., SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St., SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kotha S, Chavan AS, Goyal D. Diversity-Oriented Approaches to Polycyclics and Bioinspired Molecules via the Diels-Alder Strategy: Green Chemistry, Synthetic Economy, and Beyond. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2015; 17:253-302. [PMID: 25875156 DOI: 10.1021/co500146u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We describe diverse approaches to various dienes and their utilization in the Diels-Alder reaction to produce a variety of polycycles. The dienes covered here are prepared by simple alkylation reaction or via the Claisen rearrangement or by enyne metathesis of alkyne or enyne building blocks. Here, we have also included the Diels-Alder chemistry of dendralenes, a higher analog of cross-conjugated dienes. The present article is inclusive of o-xylylene derivatives that are generated in situ starting with benzosultine or benzosulfone derivatives. The Diels-Alder reaction of these dienes with various dienophiles gave diverse polycyclic systems and biologically important targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Arjun S. Chavan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Deepti Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076 India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Karmakar R, Yun SY, Chen J, Xia Y, Lee D. Benzannulation of Triynes to Generate Functionalized Arenes by Spontaneous Incorporation of Nucleophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6582-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201412468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
47
|
Karmakar R, Yun SY, Chen J, Xia Y, Lee D. Benzannulation of Triynes to Generate Functionalized Arenes by Spontaneous Incorporation of Nucleophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201412468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
48
|
Kerisit N, Toupet L, Larini P, Perrin L, Guillemin JC, Trolez Y. Straightforward synthesis of 5-bromopenta-2,4-diynenitrile and its reactivity towards terminal alkynes: a direct access to diene and benzofulvene scaffolds. Chemistry 2015; 21:6042-7. [PMID: 25761250 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The high-yielding synthesis of 5-bromopenta-2,4-diynenitrile (BrC5 N) was achieved for the first time. Its reactivity with triisopropylsilylacetylene and triisopropylsilylbutadiyne in the presence of copper and palladium as co-catalysts and diisopropylamine was evaluated. It revealed an unprecedented cascade reaction leading to a diene in one case and to a benzofulvene in the other case, with a unique structure. Both of them were characterized by X-ray crystallography, among other techniques. The mechanism of the reaction leading to the diene was investigated experimentally. Theoretical calculations at the DFT level suggest that the mechanism leading to the benzofulvene relies on a hexa-dehydro Diels-Alder (HDDA)-type of mechanism. This work constitutes an example of an unanticipated reactivity leading to an important increase of chemical complexity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kerisit
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS, 11 allée de Beaulieu, CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7 (France), Fax: (+33) 2-23-23-81-08
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Goetz AE, Shah TK, Garg NK. Pyridynes and indolynes as building blocks for functionalized heterocycles and natural products. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:34-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06445c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This feature article showcases the use of pyridynes and indolynes to construct functionalized heterocycles and complex natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam E. Goetz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Tejas K. Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Neil K. Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Liang Y, Hong X, Yu P, Houk KN. Why Alkynyl Substituents Dramatically Accelerate Hexadehydro-Diels–Alder (HDDA) Reactions: Stepwise Mechanisms of HDDA Cycloadditions. Org Lett 2014; 16:5702-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol502780w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liang
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xin Hong
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Peiyuan Yu
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|