1
|
Zhu H, Gao C, Yu T, Xu C, Wang M. O-Trifluoromethylation of Carboxylic Acids via the Formation and Activation of Acyloxy(phenyl)trifluoromethyl-λ 3-Iodanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400449. [PMID: 38483081 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Here we report the challenging O-trifluoromethylation of carboxylic acids via the formation and activation of acyloxy(phenyl)trifluoromethyl-λ3-iodanes. The method provides an easy access to various potentially valuable and hitherto elusive trifluoromethyl carboxylic esters. A remarkably wide range of substrates with commonly encountered functional groups are compatible with this reaction, including aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids, as well as Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs and pharmaceutically relevant molecules. The reaction mechanism and the origins of the enhanced reactivity by zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were discussed from experimental evidence and density functional theory (DFT) calculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Zhu
- Department Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Chi Gao
- Department Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Department Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Mang Wang
- Department Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin D, Coe M, Krishnamurti V, Ispizua-Rodriguez X, Surya Prakash GK. Recent Advances in Visible Light-Mediated Radical Fluoro-alkylation, -alkoxylation, -alkylthiolation, -alkylselenolation, and -alkylamination. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300104. [PMID: 37212421 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, many reagents and protocols have been developed to allow for the efficient fluorofunctionalization of a diverse set of scaffolds ranging from alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and (hetero)arenes. The concomitant rise of organofluorine chemistry and visible light-mediated synthesis have synergistically expanded the fields and have mutually benefitted from developments in both fields. In this context, visible light driven formations of radicals containing fluorine have been a major focus for the discovery of new bioactive compounds. This review details the recent advances and progress made in visible light-mediated fluoroalkylation and heteroatom centered radical generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lin
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Coe
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vinayak Krishnamurti
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xanath Ispizua-Rodriguez
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G K Surya Prakash
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Neti SS, Wang B, Iwig DF, Onderko EL, Booker SJ. Enzymatic Fluoromethylation Enabled by the S-Adenosylmethionine Analog Te-Adenosyl- L-(fluoromethyl)homotellurocysteine. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:905-914. [PMID: 37252363 PMCID: PMC10214534 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, and trifluoromethyl groups are present in numerous pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, where they play critical roles in the efficacy and metabolic stability of these molecules. Strategies for late-stage incorporation of fluorine-containing atoms in molecules have become an important area of organic and medicinal chemistry as well as synthetic biology. Herein, we describe the synthesis and use of Te-adenosyl-L-(fluoromethyl)homotellurocysteine (FMeTeSAM), a novel and biologically relevant fluoromethylating agent. FMeTeSAM is structurally and chemically related to the universal cellular methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and supports the robust transfer of fluoromethyl groups to oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and some carbon nucleophiles. FMeTeSAM is also used to fluoromethylate precursors to oxaline and daunorubicin, two complex natural products that exhibit antitumor properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syam Sundar Neti
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Bo Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - David F. Iwig
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Elizabeth L. Onderko
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Squire J. Booker
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Goffin E, Fraikin P, Abboud D, de Tullio P, Beaufour C, Botez I, Hanson J, Danober L, Francotte P, Pirotte B. New insights in the development of positive allosteric modulators of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors belonging to 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides: Introduction of (mono/difluoro)methyl groups at the 2-position of the thiadiazine ring. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115221. [PMID: 36863228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Positive allosteric modulators of the AMPA receptors (AMPAR PAMs) have been proposed as new drugs for the management of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, and schizophrenia. The present study explored new AMPAR PAMs belonging to 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides (BTDs) characterized by the presence of a short alkyl substituent at the 2-position of the heterocycle and by the presence or absence of a methyl group at the 3-position. The introduction of a monofluoromethyl or a difluoromethyl side chain at the 2-position instead of the methyl group was examined. 7-Chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2-fluoromethyl-3,4-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (15e) emerged as the most promising compound associating high in vitro potency on AMPA receptors, a favorable safety profile in vivo and a marked efficacy as a cognitive enhancer after oral administration in mice. Stability studies in aqueous medium suggested that 15e could be considered, at least in part, as a precursor of the corresponding 2-hydroxymethyl-substituted analogue and the known AMPAR modulator 7-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-3,4-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (3) devoid of an alkyl group at the 2-position.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Goffin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Fraikin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dayana Abboud
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 1/11 (B34), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pascal de Tullio
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Caroline Beaufour
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, F-78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Iuliana Botez
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, F-78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Julien Hanson
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 1/11 (B34), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurence Danober
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, F-78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Pierre Francotte
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shen ZJ, Zhu C, Zhang X, Yang C, Rueping M, Guo L, Xia W. Organoboron Reagent-Controlled Selective (Deutero)Hydrodefluorination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217244. [PMID: 36525004 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
(Deuterium-labeled) CF2 H- and CFH2 -moieties are of high interest in drug discovery. The high demand for the incorporation of these fluoroalkyl moieties into molecular structures has witnessed significant synthetic progress, particularly in the (deutero)hydrodefluorination of CF3 -containing compounds. However, the controllable replacement of fluorine atoms while maintaining high chemoselectivity remains challenging. Herein, we describe the development of a selective (deutero)hydrodefluorination reaction via electrolysis. The reaction exhibits a remarkable chemoselectivity control, which is enabled by the addition of different organoboron sources. The procedure is operationally simple and scalable, and provides access in one step to high-value building blocks for application in medicinal chemistry. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been carried out to investigate the reaction mechanism and to rationalize the chemoselectivity observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Jia Shen
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lin Guo
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wujiong Xia
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bertoli G, Martínez ÁM, Goebel JF, Belmonte D, Sivendran N, Gooßen LJ. C-H Fluoromethoxylation of Arenes by Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215920. [PMID: 36385731 PMCID: PMC10107189 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Redox-active N-(fluoromethoxy)benzotriazoles were made accessible from fluoroacetic acid and hydroxybenzotriazoles via electrodecarboxylative coupling. After alkylation, they become effective monofluoromethoxylation reagents, enabling the photocatalytic C-H functionalization of arenes. Thus, irradiation of 1-(OCH2 F)-3-Me-6-(CF3 )benzotriazolium triflate with blue LED light in the presence of [Ru(bpy)3 (PF6 )2 ] promotes the synthesis of diversely functionalized aryl monofluoromethyl ethers. This method allows the late-stage functionalization of biologically relevant structures without relying on ecologically problematic halofluorocarbons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bertoli
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ángel Manu Martínez
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jonas F Goebel
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Debora Belmonte
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nardana Sivendran
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lukas J Gooßen
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Senatore R, Malik M, Pace V. Fluoroiodomethane: A CH2F‐Moiety Delivering Agent Suitable for Nucleophilic‐, Electrophilic‐ and Radical‐Harnessed Operations. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
8
|
Sperga A, Zacs D, Veliks J. Iron-Catalyzed Fluoromethylene Transfer from a Sulfonium Reagent. Org Lett 2022; 24:4474-4478. [PMID: 35699424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first example of an iron porphyrin catalyzed fluoromethylene transfer from (2,4-dimethylphenyl)(fluoromethyl)(phenyl)sulfonium tetrafluoroborate to unactivated alkenes. The fluorocarbene or fluoromethylene synthon is the smallest "organic" node in a molecular graph of the organofluorine compounds. In this work, we present alternative solution to unavailable fluorodiazomethane (CHFN2), a missing one-carbon C1 piece in fluorine chemistry, by using a fluoromethylsulfonium reagent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturs Sperga
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Dzintars Zacs
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia
| | - Janis Veliks
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Colella M, Musci P, Andresini M, Spennacchio M, Degennaro L, Luisi R. The synthetic versatility of fluoroiodomethane: recent applications as monofluoromethylation platform. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4669-4680. [PMID: 35587647 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00670g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, fluoroiodomethane (CH2FI) has emerged as an easy-to-handle, non-ozone depleting agent and readily available platform for monofluoromethylation strategies. Recent applications in nucleophilic substitutions, lithiation reactions, transition-metal catalyzed transformations, radical processes, and 18F-radiolabelling chemistry showcase the potential of this reagent for the preparation of organofluorine compounds. In this minireview, we provide an update to the field covering the recent relevant literature on the use of CH2FI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Colella
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Pantaleo Musci
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Michael Andresini
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Mauro Spennacchio
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Degennaro
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Renzo Luisi
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ni SX, Li YL, Ni HQ, Bi YX, Sheng J, Wang XS. Nickel-catalyzed hydromonofluoromethylation of unactivated alkenes for expedient construction of primary alkyl fluorides. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
11
|
Zhang Q, Liang Y, Li R, Huang Z, Kong L, Du P, Peng B. Sulfur(iv)-mediated umpolung α-heterofunctionalization of 2-oxazolines. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5164-5170. [PMID: 35655558 PMCID: PMC9093176 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00476c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The α-umpolung of carbonyl compounds significantly expands the boundaries of traditional carbonyl chemistry. Despite various umpolung methods available today, reversing the inherent reactivity of carbonyls still remains a substantial challenge. In this article, we report the first use of sulfonium salts, in lieu of well-established hypervalent iodines, for the carbonyl umpolung event. The protocol enables the incorporation of a wide variety of heteroatom nucleophiles into the α-carbon of 2-oxazolines. The success of this investigation hinges on the following factors: (1) the use of sulfoxides, which are abundant, structurally diverse and tunable, and easily accessible, ensures the identification of a superior oxidant namely phenoxathiin sulfoxide for the umpolung reaction; (2) the "assembly/deprotonation" protocol previously developed for rearrangement reactions in our laboratory was successfully applied here for the construction of α-umpoled 2-oxazolines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Yuchen Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Ziyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Lichun Kong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Peng Du
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Bo Peng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shan L, Lüqi J. PhSO 3CH 2F: A New Reagent for O-Monofluoromethylation of Acetylacetone Derivatives. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
13
|
Abstract
AbstractMonofluoromethylsulfonium salts are emerging reagents for the fluoromethylation and fluoromethylenation or fluoromethylene transfer. Using this type of reagent is a simple approach for the introduction of the fluoromethyl group into a wide range of nucleophiles using mild basic conditions. Recently, fluoromethylsulfonium salts have been demonstrated to act as a synthetic equivalent for the challenging fluoromethylene synthon. For instance, these reagents can be used for the direct synthesis of monofluoroepoxides and fluorocyclopropanes from activated alkenes via a sulfur fluoromethylide intermediate. Sulfonium salts are an alternative, easy-to-handle option to volatile and environmentally concerning freons for achieving monofluorinated compounds. This review focuses on synthetic application of these reagents known to date.1 Introduction2 Fluoromethylation of O-, N-, S-, P-, and C-Nucleophiles3 Sulfonium Salts for Radical Monofluoromethylation of Alkenes4 Sulfonium Salts for Fluoromethylene Transfer5 Conclusions
Collapse
|
14
|
Cui R, Sheng J, Wu BB, Hu DD, Zheng HQ, Wang XS. Nickel-catalyzed reductive monofluoroakylation of alkyl tosylate with bromofluoromethane to primary alkyl fluoride. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9084-9087. [PMID: 34498613 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02837e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalysed direct terminal monofluoromethlyation between alkyl tosylates and a low-cost, industrial raw material bromofluoromethane has been developed. This transformation has demonstrated high efficiency, mild conditions, and good functional-group compatibility. The key to success of this transformation lies in the ligand and mild base selection, ensuring the generation of various terminal monofluormethylation products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Cui
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Sheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Bing-Bing Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Duo-Duo Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Hong-Qian Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Xi-Sheng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Britton R, Gouverneur V, Lin JH, Meanwell M, Ni C, Pupo G, Xiao JC, Hu J. Contemporary synthetic strategies in organofluorine chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
16
|
Sperga A, Kazia A, Veliks J. Monofluorinated 5-membered rings via fluoromethylene transfer: synthesis of monofluorinated isoxazoline N-oxides. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2688-2691. [PMID: 33666634 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00270h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of five-membered rings using fluoromethylene transfer chemistry is an attractive method for building fluorinated products of high value. This work demonstrates for the first time that one-fluorine-one-carbon modification of a substrate could be a viable strategy to access monofluorinated five-membered rings. The synthetic methodology was developed to access monofluorinated isoxazoline-N-oxides in one step starting from substituted 2-nitroacrylates using fluoromethylsulfonium reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturs Sperga
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Reichel M, Sile S, Kornath A, Karaghiosoff K. Fluoromethyl-2,4,6-trinitrophenylsulfonate: A New Electrophilic Monofluoromethylating Reagent. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4423-4431. [PMID: 33661635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluoromethyl-2,4,6-trinitrophenylsulfonate has been prepared for the first time and qualified as a simple to use monofluoromethylating reagent. Its molecular structure in the solid state has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. This reagent proves to be effective for the electrophilic introduction of a CH2F group into selected chalcogen and nitrogen nucleophiles. Monofluoromethyl derivatives of various bifunctional N,O-nucleophiles have been synthesized using fluoromethyl-2,4,6-trinitrophenylsulfonate. Due to the good crystallizing properties of the anion, the fluoromethylated products as well as side products that are difficult to identify by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can readily be characterized by X-ray crystallographic techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sami Sile
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Agriculture Building, King's Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Andreas Kornath
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sperga A, Melngaile R, Kazia A, Belyakov S, Veliks J. Optimized Monofluoromethylsulfonium Reagents for Fluoromethylene-Transfer Chemistry. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3196-3212. [PMID: 33502201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An investigation of the properties and reactivity of fluoromethylsulfonium salts resulted in the redesign of the reagents for fluoromethylene transfer chemistry. The model reaction, fluorocyclopropanation of nitrostyrene, turned out to be a suitable platform for the discovery of more streamlined fluoromethylene transfer reagents. The incorporation of halides on one aryl ring increased the reactivity, and 2,4-dimethyl substitution on the other aryl ring provided a balance between the reactivity/crystallinity of the reagent as well as the atom economy. The utility of new reagents was demonstrated by the development of an efficient fluorocyclopropanation protocol to access a range of monofluorinated cyclopropane derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturs Sperga
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Renate Melngaile
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Armands Kazia
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Sergey Belyakov
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Veliks
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Decaens J, Couve-Bonnaire S, Charette AB, Poisson T, Jubault P. Synthesis of Fluoro-, Monofluoromethyl-, Difluoromethyl-, and Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Three-Membered Rings. Chemistry 2021; 27:2935-2962. [PMID: 32939868 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This Minireview describes recent advances toward the synthesis of fluoro-, monofluoromethyl-, difluoromethyl-, and trifluoromethyl-substituted three-membered rings such as cyclopropanes, aziridines, epoxides, episulfides, cyclopropenes, and 2 H-azirines. The main synthetic methodologies since 2016 for cyclopropanes and since 2010 for the other three-membered rings are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Decaens
- INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), Normandie Univ, 76000, Rouen, France
| | | | - André B Charette
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Thomas Poisson
- INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), Normandie Univ, 76000, Rouen, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), Normandie Univ, 76000, Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hu CC, Hu WQ, Xu XH, Qing FL. 2-Position-selective C H fluoromethylation of six-membered heteroaryl N-oxides with (fluoromethyl)triphenylphosphonium iodide. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
21
|
Okamura T, Koyamada K, Kanazawa J, Miyamoto K, Iwabuchi Y, Uchiyama M, Kanoh N. Synthetic Access to gem-Difluoropropargyl Vinyl Ethers and Their Application to Propargyl Claisen Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1911-1924. [PMID: 33284629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing importance of fluorine to medicinal chemistry and other areas, methods to access various fluorinated compounds are needed. Herein, we report the synthesis of difluoropropargyl vinyl ethers from ketones and aldehydes using difluoropropargyl bromide dicobalt complexes. We applied difluoropropargyl vinyl ethers to the synthesis of difluorodienone or difluoroallene under thermal conditions and trifluoro-pyran under acid-catalyzed conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshitaka Okamura
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kenta Koyamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Junichiro Kanazawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazunori Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Iwabuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR), Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Naoki Kanoh
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ferlenghi F, Maccioni P, Mugnaini C, Brizzi A, Fara F, Mostallino R, Castelli MP, Colombo G, Mor M, Vacondio F, Corelli F. The GABAB receptor positive allosteric modulator COR659: In vitro metabolism, in vivo pharmacokinetics in rats, synthesis and pharmacological characterization of metabolically protected derivatives. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 155:105544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
23
|
Rare-earth metal–organic frameworks as advanced catalytic platforms for organic synthesis. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
24
|
Veliks J, Videja M, Kinens A, Bobrovs R, Priede M, Kuka J. trans-Fluorine Effect in Cyclopropane: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Fluorocyclopropyl Cabozantinib Analogs. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:2146-2150. [PMID: 33214822 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation of the trans-fluorine effect on the hydrolysis rate of diethyl 2-fluorocyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate provides synthetic access to both diastereomers of the fluorocyclopropyl analog of cabozantinib, a c-Met and VEGFR-2 inhibitor used as a first-line treatment for thyroid cancer and as a second-line treatment for renal cell carcinoma. Despite some known potent examples, there are only a few drug molecules that contain fluorocyclopropane moieties. Herein, we present a case study in which the monofluoro analog of a known cyclopropane-containing drug molecule displays an improved in vitro profile compared to the parent nonfluorinated structure. The fluorocyclopropane moiety may offer valuable fine-tuning options for lead optimization in drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janis Veliks
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Melita Videja
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
- Ri̅ga Stradiņš University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dzirciema Str. 16, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Artis Kinens
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Raitis Bobrovs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Martins Priede
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Janis Kuka
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Ming XX, Zhang CP. Fluorine-Containing Inhalation Anesthetics: Chemistry, Properties and Pharmacology. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5599-5652. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191003155703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Studies on fluorinated inhalation anesthetics, including synthesis, physical chemistry and
pharmacology, have been summarized in this review. Retrospecting the history of inhalation anesthetics
revealed their increasing reliance on fluorine and ether structures. Halothane causes a rare but
severe immune-based hepatotoxicity, which was replaced by enflurane in the 1970s. Isoflurane replaced
enflurane in the 1980s, showing modest advantages (e.g. lower solubility, better metabolic
stability, and without convulsive predisposition). Desflurane and sevoflurane came into use in the
1990s, which are better anesthetics than isoflurane (less hepatotoxicity, lower solubility, and/or
markedly decreased pungency). However, they are still less than perfect. To gain more ideal inhalation
anesthetics, a large number of fluorinated halocarbons, polyfluorocycloalkanes, polyfluorocycloalkenes,
fluoroarenes, and polyfluorooxetanes, were prepared and their potency and toxicity were
evaluated. Although the pharmacology studies suggested that some of these agents produced anesthesia,
no further studies were continued on these compounds because they showed obvious lacking
as anesthetics. Moreover, the anesthetic activity cannot be simply predicted from the molecular
structures but has to be inferred from the experiments. Several regularities were found by experimental
studies: 1) the potency and toxicity of the saturated linear chain halogenated ether are enhanced
when its molecular weight is increased; 2) the margin of safety decreases and the recovery
time is prolonged when the boiling point of the candidate increases; and 3) compounds with an
asymmetric carbon terminal exhibit good anesthesia. Nevertheless, the development of new inhalation
anesthetics, better than desflurane and sevoflurane, is still challenging not only because of the
poor structure/activity relationship known so far but also due to synthetic issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Ming
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cheng-Pan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Qin W, Liu J, Huang Z, Li X, Xiong W, Chen J, Liu G. Bench‐Stable
S
‐(Monofluoromethyl)sulfonium Salts: Highly Efficient
C
‐ and
O
‐Regioselective Monofluoromethylation of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Bing Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenzhen University Health Science Centre Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Ave., Nanshan District 518060 Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Jian Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenzhen University Health Science Centre Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Ave., Nanshan District 518060 Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Zhongyan Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Ave., Nanshan District 518060 Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenzhen University Health Science Centre Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Ave., Nanshan District 518060 Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenzhen University Health Science Centre Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Ave., Nanshan District 518060 Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Jia‐Yi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenzhen University Health Science Centre Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Ave., Nanshan District 518060 Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Guo‐Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenzhen University Health Science Centre Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Ave., Nanshan District 518060 Shenzhen P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hong X, Liu Y, Lu L, Shen Q. Monofluoromethyl‐Substituted
Sulfonium Ylides: Preparation,
Structure‐Reactivity
Study and Substrate Scope
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hong
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yafei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Long Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Qilong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Reichel M, Karaghiosoff K. Reagents for Selective Fluoromethylation: A Challenge in Organofluorine Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12268-12281. [PMID: 32022357 PMCID: PMC7383490 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of a monofluoromethyl moiety has undoubtedly become a very important area of research in recent years. Owing to the beneficial properties of organofluorine compounds, such as their metabolic stability, the incorporation of the CH2 F group as a bioisosteric substitute for various functional groups is an attractive strategy for the discovery of new pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the monofluoromethyl unit is also widely used in agrochemistry, in pharmaceutical chemistry, and in fine chemicals. The problems associated with climate change and the growing need for environmentally friendly industrial processes mean that alternatives to the frequently used CFC and HFBC fluoromethylating agents (CH2 FCl and CH2 FBr) are urgently needed and also required by the Montreal Protocol. This has recently prompted many researchers to develop alternative fluoromethylation agents. This Minireview summarizes both the classical and new generation of fluoromethylating agents. Reagents that act via electrophilic, nucleophilic, and radical pathways are discussed, in addition to their precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilian UniversityButenandstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Reichel M, Karaghiosoff K. Reagenzien für die selektive Fluormethylierung: Herausforderungen der Organofluorchemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 München Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fasano V, Winter N, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Divergent, Stereospecific Mono‐ and Difluoromethylation of Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Fasano
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Nils Winter
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Adam Noble
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fasano V, Winter N, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Divergent, Stereospecific Mono‐ and Difluoromethylation of Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8502-8506. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Fasano
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Nils Winter
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Adam Noble
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Koike T. Frontiers in Radical Fluoromethylation by Visible‐Light Organic Photocatalysis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Koike
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Institute of Innovative ResearchTokyo Institute of Technology R1-27, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Senatore R, Malik M, Spreitzer M, Holzer W, Pace V. Direct and Chemoselective Electrophilic Monofluoromethylation of Heteroatoms ( O-, S-, N-, P-, Se-) with Fluoroiodomethane. Org Lett 2020; 22:1345-1349. [PMID: 32004004 PMCID: PMC7205393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The commercially available fluoroiodomethane represents a valuable and effective electrophilic source for transferring the CH2F unit to a series of heteroatom-centered nucleophiles under mild basic conditions. The excellent manipulability offered by its liquid physical state (bp 53.4 °C) enables practical and straightforward one-step nucleophilic substitutions to retain the chiral information embodied, thus allowing it to overcome de facto the requirement for fluoromethylating agents with no immediate access. The high-yielding methodology was successfully applied to a variety of nucleophiles including a series of drugs currently in the market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Senatore
- University of Vienna , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Althanstrasse , 14-1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Monika Malik
- University of Vienna , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Althanstrasse , 14-1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Markus Spreitzer
- University of Vienna , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Althanstrasse , 14-1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Wolfgang Holzer
- University of Vienna , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Althanstrasse , 14-1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Vittorio Pace
- University of Vienna , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Althanstrasse , 14-1090 Vienna , Austria
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kazia A, Melngaile R, Mishnev A, Veliks J. Johnson-Corey-Chaykovsky fluorocyclopropanation of double activated alkenes: scope and limitations. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1384-1388. [PMID: 31998934 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02712b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Johnson-Corey-Chaykovsky fluorocyclopropanation of double activated alkenes utilizing S-monofluoromethyl-S-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethylphenylsulfonium tetrafluoroborate is an efficient approach to obtain a range of monofluorocyclopropane derivatives. So far, fluoromethylsulfonium salts have displayed the broadest scope for direct fluoromethylene transfer. In contrast to more commonly used fluorohalomethanes or freon derivatives, diarylfluoromethylsulfonium salts are bench stable, easy-to use reagents useful for the direct transfer of a fluoromethylene group to alkenes giving access to the challenging products - fluorocyclopropane derivatives. Interplay between the reactivity of the starting materials and stability of the fluorocyclopropanes formed determines the outcome of the process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armands Kazia
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Reichel M, Unger C, Dubovnik S, Roidl A, Kornath A, Karaghiosoff K. Synthesis, structural and toxicological investigations of quarternary phosphonium salts containing the P-bonded bioisosteric CH 2F moiety. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02310h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tertiary alkyl, aryl or amino phosphines PR3 (R = Me, nBu, C2H4CN, NEt2) and the bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether (POP) were allowed to react with fluoroiodomethane to produce fluoromethyl phosphonium salts in yields between 60–99%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department Chemie
- Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität
- 81377 München
- Germany
| | - Cornelia Unger
- Department Chemie
- Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität
- 81377 München
- Germany
| | | | - Andreas Roidl
- Department Chemie
- Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität
- 81377 München
- Germany
| | - Andreas Kornath
- Department Chemie
- Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität
- 81377 München
- Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fu W, Sun Y, Li X. Silver-catalyzed monofluoromethylation of alkynoates with sodium monofluoroalkanesulfinate (CH2FSO2Na) to access 3-monofluoromethylated coumarins. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1697452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Henan Key Laboratory of Fuction-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yana Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Henan Key Laboratory of Fuction-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Henan Key Laboratory of Fuction-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Acosta-Guzmán P, Rodríguez-López A, Gamba-Sánchez D. Pummerer Synthesis of Chromanes Reveals a Competition between Cyclization and Reductive Chlorination. Org Lett 2019; 21:6903-6908. [PMID: 31441312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The competition between an unprecedented reductive chlorination and the Pummerer reaction was studied and applied to the synthesis of benzofused oxygen heterocycles including 3-aminochromanes and in the intramolecular chlorination of activated aromatic rings. The use of (COCl)2 as a Pummerer activator showed substantial activity, producing α-chlorinated sulfides that can undergo Pummerer-Friedel-Crafts cyclization. If the aromatic ring has electron-donating groups in position three, then the reaction follows a different pathway, yielding the reductive chlorination products, where the chlorine atom comes from a sulfonium salt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Acosta-Guzmán
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Bio and Organocatalysis, Chemistry Department, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18A-12 Q:305, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Alvaro Rodríguez-López
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Bio and Organocatalysis, Chemistry Department, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18A-12 Q:305, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Diego Gamba-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Bio and Organocatalysis, Chemistry Department, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18A-12 Q:305, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Melngaile R, Sperga A, Baldridge KK, Veliks J. Diastereoselective Monofluorocyclopropanation Using Fluoromethylsulfonium Salts. Org Lett 2019; 21:7174-7178. [PMID: 31433191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diarylfluoromethylsulfonium salts, alternatives to freons or advanced fluorinated building blocks, are bench stable and easy-to-use sources of direct fluoromethylene (:CHF) transfer to alkenes. These salts enabled development of a trans-selective monofluorinated Johnson-Corey-Chaykovsky reaction with vinyl sulfones or vinyl sulfonamides to access synthetically challenging monofluorocyclopropane scaffolds. The described method offers rapid access to monofluorinated cyclopropane building blocks with further functionalization opportunities to deliver more complex synthetic targets diastereoselectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renate Melngaile
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Arturs Sperga
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kim K Baldridge
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Janis Veliks
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ding T, Jiang L, Yang J, Xu Y, Wang G, Yi W. Highly Carbon-Selective Monofluoromethylation of β-Ketoesters with Fluoromethyl Iodide. Org Lett 2019; 21:6025-6028. [PMID: 31339324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly carbon-selective monofluoromethylation of a broad range of β-ketoesters with fluoromethyl iodide under mild conditions is described. The uses of lithium tert-butoxide as the base and diglyme as the solvent made great contributions to the high C/O regioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094 , P. R. China
| | - Lvqi Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094 , P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094 , P. R. China
| | - Yimin Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094 , P. R. China
| | - Guixiang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094 , P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Affiliation(s)
- Nuo-Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Reichel M, Martens J, Wöllner E, Huber L, Kornath A, Karaghiosoff K. Synthesis and Properties of the Fluoromethylating Agent (Fluoromethyl)triphenylphosphonium Iodide. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Butenandstr. 5-13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Jörn Martens
- Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Butenandstr. 5-13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Eduart Wöllner
- Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Butenandstr. 5-13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Laura Huber
- Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Butenandstr. 5-13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Andreas Kornath
- Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Butenandstr. 5-13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Butenandstr. 5-13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Noto N, Koike T, Akita M. Visible-Light-Triggered Monofluoromethylation of Alkenes by Strongly Reducing 1,4-Bis(diphenylamino)naphthalene Photoredox Catalysis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
43
|
Hosseinian A, Sadeghi YJ, Ebrahimiasl S, Monfared A, Vessally E. Recent trends in direct mono-, di-, and tri-fluoromethyl(thiol)ation of S-H bonds. J Sulphur Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2019.1598410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hosseinian
- School of Engineering Science, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saeideh Ebrahimiasl
- Department of Chemistry, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
- Industrial Nanotechnology Research Center, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aazam Monfared
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Vessally
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Veliks J, Kazia A. Fluoromethylene Transfer from Diarylfluoromethylsulfonium Salts: Synthesis of Fluorinated Epoxides. Chemistry 2019; 25:3786-3789. [PMID: 30681208 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Diarylfluoromethyl sulfonium salts are efficient fluoromethylene transfer reagents equivalent to fluorocarbene, which is difficult to access. This was demonstrated by the development of a monofluorinated Johnson-Corey-Chaykovsky reaction with ketones and aldehydes, delivering uncommon 2-unsubstituted fluoroepoxides. This is the first evidence for the feasibility of sulfur fluoromethylylide and its action as a reaction intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janis Veliks
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Armands Kazia
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu F, Jiang L, Qiu H, Yi W. Bunte Salt CH 2FSSO 3Na: An Efficient and Odorless Reagent for Monofluoromethylthiolation. Org Lett 2018; 20:6270-6273. [PMID: 30226061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A practical and efficient monofluoromethylthiolation that employs the typical Bunte salt, sodium S-(fluoromethyl) sulfurothioate, as the sulfur source is described. This reagent reacts readily with a variety of aryl amines and aryl thiols. The high tolerance of functional groups demonstrates the potential of this reaction. In addition, this method is suitable for the late-stage monofluoromethylthiolation of complex bioactive molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanmin Liu
- Chemical Engineering College , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing , 210094 , China
| | - Lvqi Jiang
- Chemical Engineering College , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing , 210094 , China
| | - Huangyao Qiu
- Chemical Engineering College , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing , 210094 , China
| | - Wenbin Yi
- Chemical Engineering College , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing , 210094 , China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hebeisen P, Weiss U, Alker A, Kuhn B, Müller K, Wang F, Surya Prakash GK. Molecular Structure and Crystal Packing of Monofluoromethoxyarenes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hebeisen
- Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development; Roche Innovation Center Basel; F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Urs Weiss
- Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development; Roche Innovation Center Basel; F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - André Alker
- Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development; Roche Innovation Center Basel; F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Bernd Kuhn
- Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development; Roche Innovation Center Basel; F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Klaus Müller
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Fang Wang
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute; Department of Chemistry; University of Southern California; 1661 Los Angeles CA 90089- USA
| | - G. K. Surya Prakash
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute; Department of Chemistry; University of Southern California; 1661 Los Angeles CA 90089- USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Carbonnel E, Pannecoucke X, Besset T, Jubault P, Poisson T. An electrophilic reagent for the synthesis of OCHFMe-containing molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2491-2493. [PMID: 29457814 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00921j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein the synthesis of a novel and bench stable electrophilic reagent to construct the OCFHMe motif from O-nucleophiles has been described. This sulfonium salt, readily obtained in 5 steps, reacted with various phenols and alcohols. The resulting products, including complex molecules, were obtained in good yields. This reagent was also used for the functionalization of thiol derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Carbonnel
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang SM, Song HX, Wang XY, Liu N, Qin HL, Zhang CP. Palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck-type reactions of [Ph 2SR fn][OTf] with alkenes at room temperature. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:11893-11896. [PMID: 27711281 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06089g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The first Pd-catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck-type reaction of [Ph2SRfn][OTf] with alkenes is described. The reaction of [Ph2SRfn][OTf] (Rfn = CF3, CH2CF3) with alkenes in the presence of 10 mol% Pd[P(t-Bu)3]2 and TsOH at room temperature provided the corresponding phenylation products in good to high yields. The bases that benefit the traditional Mizoroki-Heck reactions severely inhibited the transformation with [Ph2SRfn][OTf], whereas acids significantly improved the reaction. This protocol supplies a new class of cross-coupling partners for Mizoroki-Heck-type reactions and gains important insights into the reactivity of phenylsulfonium salts either with or without fluorine-containing alkyl groups as the promising phenylation reagents in organic synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Meng Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hai-Xia Song
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Nan Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Cheng-Pan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tian ZY, Hu YT, Teng HB, Zhang CP. Application of arylsulfonium salts as arylation reagents. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
50
|
|