1
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Masiuk US, Faletrov YV, Kananovich DG, Mineyeva IV. Stereodivergent Assembly of 2,6- cis- and - trans-Tetrahydropyrans via Base-Mediated Oxa-Michael Cyclization: The Key Role of the TMEDA Additive. J Org Chem 2023; 88:355-370. [PMID: 36495268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The stereodivergent synthesis of cis- and trans-2,6-disubstituted tetrahydropyrans (THPs) via sodium hexamethyldisilazide-promoted oxa-Michael cyclization of (E)-ζ-hydroxy α,β-unsaturated esters is presented. The cyclization affords the kinetically favored trans-THPs with high stereoselectivity (dr up to 93:7) at a low temperature (-78 °C), while the room-temperature reaction does not produce the thermodynamically preferred cis-THPs as major products and occurs with poor stereocontrol. The addition of tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) significantly improves the stereochemical outcome of the room-temperature cyclization and allows attaining high cis-selectivity (dr up to 99:1). The remarkable effect of TMEDA indicates that the sodium cation plays an important role in controlling the stereoselectivity of the thermodynamically driven process, that is, complexation of the cation with the cyclization products results in diminished selectivity. DFT calculations support this conclusion, indicating a greater difference in Gibbs energies of sodium-free cis- and trans-enolates compared to the respective sodium chelate complexes. The synthetic utility of the method has been demonstrated by the formal syntheses of (+)-Neopeltolide and (-)-Diospongin B and the total synthesis of (-)-Diospongin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uladzimir S Masiuk
- Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, Leningradskaya 14, 220006 Minsk, Belarus.,School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Yaroslav V Faletrov
- Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, Leningradskaya 14, 220006 Minsk, Belarus.,Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University, Leningradskaya 14, 220006 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Dzmitry G Kananovich
- School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Iryna V Mineyeva
- Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, Leningradskaya 14, 220006 Minsk, Belarus
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2
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In Vivo Evaluation of (-)-Zampanolide Demonstrates Potent and Persistent Antitumor Efficacy When Targeted to the Tumor Site. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134244. [PMID: 35807495 PMCID: PMC9268097 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-stabilizing agents (MSAs) are a class of compounds used in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype of breast cancer where chemotherapy remains the standard-of-care for patients. Taxanes like paclitaxel and docetaxel have demonstrated efficacy against TNBC in the clinic, however new classes of MSAs need to be identified due to the rise of taxane resistance in patients. (−)-Zampanolide is a covalent microtubule stabilizer that can circumvent taxane resistance in vitro but has not been evaluated for in vivo antitumor efficacy. Here, we determine that (−)-zampanolide has similar potency and efficacy to paclitaxel in TNBC cell lines, but is significantly more persistent due to its covalent binding. We also provide the first reported in vivo antitumor evaluation of (−)-zampanolide where we determine that it has potent and persistent antitumor efficacy when delivered intratumorally. Future work on zampanolide to further evaluate its pharmacophore and determine ways to improve its systemic therapeutic window would make this compound a potential candidate for clinical development through its ability to circumvent taxane-resistance mechanisms.
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3
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Bold CP, Gut M, Schürmann J, Lucena-Agell D, Gertsch J, Díaz JF, Altmann KH. Synthesis of Morpholine-Based Analogues of (-)-Zampanolide and Their Biological Activity. Chemistry 2021; 27:5936-5943. [PMID: 33078440 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We describe the convergent synthesis of three prototypical examples of a new class of analogues of the complex, cytotoxic marine macrolide (-)-zampanolide that incorporate an embedded N-substituted morpholine moiety in place of the natural tetrahydropyran ring. The final construction of the macrolactone core was based on a high-yielding intramolecular HWE olefination, while the hemiaminal-linked side chain was elaborated through a stereoselective, BINAL-H-mediated addition of (Z,E)-sorbamide to a macrocyclic aldehyde precursor. The synthesis of the common functionalized morpholine building block involved two consecutive epoxide openings with tosylamide and the product of the first opening reaction, respectively, as nucleophiles. Of the three morpholino-zampanolides investigated, the N-acetyl and the N-benzoyl derivatives both exhibited nanomolar antiproliferative activity, thus being essentially equipotent with the natural product. In contrast, the activity of the N-tosyl derivative was significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Paul Bold
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich HCI H405, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Gut
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich HCI H405, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jasmine Schürmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich HCI H405, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Lucena-Agell
- Centro de Investigaciones Biolόgicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - José Fernando Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biolόgicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karl-Heinz Altmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich HCI H405, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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4
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Bold CP, Klaus C, Pfeiffer B, Schürmann J, Lombardi R, Lucena-Agell D, Díaz JF, Altmann KH. Studies toward the Synthesis of an Oxazole-Based Analog of (-)-Zampanolide. Org Lett 2021; 23:2238-2242. [PMID: 33635661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Studies are described toward the synthesis of an oxazole-based analog of (-)-zampanolide (2). Construction of (-)-dactylolide analog 22 was achieved via alcohol 5 and acid 4 through esterification and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE)-based macrocyclization; however, attempts to attach (Z,E)-sorbamide to 22 proved unsuccessful. The C(8)-C(9) double bond of the macrocycle was prone to migration into conjugation with the oxazole ring, which may generally limit the usefulness of zampanolide analogs with aromatic moieties as tetrahydropyran replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian P Bold
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cindy Klaus
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Pfeiffer
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jasmine Schürmann
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rafael Lombardi
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Lucena-Agell
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Fernando Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Karl-Heinz Altmann
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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5
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Kita Y, Akai S, Fujioka H, Kamitanaka T. 1-Alkoxyvinyl Ester as an Excellent Acyl Donor: Efficient Macrolactone Synthesis. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3683-3696. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kita
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1−6, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuji Akai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1−6, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Fujioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1−6, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tohru Kamitanaka
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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6
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Lv XJ, Ming YC, Wu HC, Liu YK. Brønsted acid-catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution of in situ formed acyclic N,O-hemiaminals: cascade synthesis of chiral cyclic N,O-aminals. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A H2O controlled dynamic kinetic resolution was involved in a Brønsted acid-catalyzed acyclic N,O-hemiaminal formation/oxa-Michael reaction cascade, leading to highly enantioenriched cis-2,6-disubstituted tetrahydropyrans bearing an exo amide group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jiao Lv
- Molecular Synthesis Center & Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yong-Chao Ming
- Molecular Synthesis Center & Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hui-Chun Wu
- Molecular Synthesis Center & Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yan-Kai Liu
- Molecular Synthesis Center & Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
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7
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Brütsch TM, Berardozzi S, Rothe ML, Horcajo MR, Díaz JF, Altmann KH. A Method for the Stereoselective Construction of the Hemiaminal Center in Zampanolides. Org Lett 2020; 22:8345-8348. [PMID: 33044829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a new method for the stereoselective establishment of the N-acyl hemiaminal moiety in zampanolide-type structures that involves the reaction of (Z,E)-sorbamide (3) with BINAL-H and subsequent amide transfer from a putative aluminum carboximidoate complex to the aldehyde moiety of a dactylolide precursor, such as 2 or 5. The method has enabled the efficient synthesis of 13-desmethylene-(-)-zampanolide (4), which was found to be an equipotent cell growth inhibitor as the natural product (-)-zampanolide (1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias M Brütsch
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simone Berardozzi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marlene L Rothe
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mariano Redondo Horcajo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maetzu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Fernando Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maetzu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Karl-Heinz Altmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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9
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Olatunde OZ, Yong J, Lu C. The Progress of the Anticancer Agents Related to the Microtubules Target. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:2165-2192. [PMID: 32727327 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200729162510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anticancer drugs based on the microtubules target are potent mitotic spindle poison agents, which interact directly with the microtubules, and were classified as microtubule-stabilizing agents and microtubule-destabilizing agents. Researchers have worked tremendously towards the improvements of anticancer drugs, in terms of improving the efficacy, solubility and reducing the side effects, which brought about advancement in chemotherapy. In this review, we focused on describing the discovery, structures and functions of the microtubules as well as the progress of anticancer agents related to the microtubules, which will provide adequate references for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olagoke Zacchaeus Olatunde
- CAS Key Laboratory of Desing and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structures of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Jianping Yong
- Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Canzhong Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Desing and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structures of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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10
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Hollmann T, Berkhan G, Wagner L, Sung KH, Kolb S, Geise H, Hahn F. Biocatalysts from Biosynthetic Pathways: Enabling Stereoselective, Enzymatic Cycloether Formation on a Gram Scale. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hollmann
- Professur für Organische Chemie (Lebensmittelchemie), Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften, Department of Chemistry, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Gesche Berkhan
- Professur für Organische Chemie (Lebensmittelchemie), Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften, Department of Chemistry, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Centre for Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Lisa Wagner
- Professur für Organische Chemie (Lebensmittelchemie), Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften, Department of Chemistry, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Kwang Hoon Sung
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Protein Facility, ILAb Co., Ltd. NP513, The Catholic University of Korea, 420-743 Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Simon Kolb
- Professur für Organische Chemie (Lebensmittelchemie), Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften, Department of Chemistry, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Hendrik Geise
- Centre for Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Hahn
- Professur für Organische Chemie (Lebensmittelchemie), Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften, Department of Chemistry, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Centre for Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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11
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Kumar Manda SL, Tripathi S, Ghoshal A, Ambule MD, Srivastava AK, Panda G. A Comparative Synthetic Strategy Perspective on α-Amino Acid- and Non-Amino Acid-Derived Synthons towards Total Syntheses of Selected Natural Macrolides. Chemistry 2020; 26:5131-5156. [PMID: 31846112 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Macrocyclic alkaloids (macrolides) and cyclopeptides have an immense range of applications in drug discovery research because of their natural abundance and potential biological and physicochemical properties. Presently, more than 100 approved drugs or clinical drug candidates contain macrocyclic scaffolds as the biologically active component. This review provides an interesting perspective about the use of amino acid-derived chiral pools versus other methods derived from miscellaneous synthons towards the total synthesis of non-peptidic macrolides. The synthetic routes and the key strategies involved in the total syntheses of ten natural macrolides have been discussed. Both the amino acid-derived and non-amino acid-derived synthetic routes have been illustrated to present a comparative study between the two approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Lavanya Kumar Manda
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Shashank Tripathi
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Anirban Ghoshal
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mayur D Ambule
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Srivastava
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Gautam Panda
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India
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12
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Chen G, Jiang Z, Zhang Q, Wang G, Chen QH. New Zampanolide Mimics: Design, Synthesis, and Antiproliferative Evaluation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020362. [PMID: 31952332 PMCID: PMC7024368 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zampanolide is a promising microtubule-stabilizing agent (MSA) with a unique chemical structure. It is superior to the current clinically used MSAs due to the covalent nature of its binding to β-tubulin and high cytotoxic potency toward multidrug-resistant cancer cells. However, its further development as a viable drug candidate is hindered by its limited availability. More importantly, conversion of its chemically fragile side chain into a stabilized bioisostere is envisioned to enable zampanolide to possess more drug-like properties. As part of our ongoing project aiming to develop its mimics with a stable side chain using straightforward synthetic approaches, 2-fluorobenzyl alcohol was designed as a bioisosteric surrogate for the side chain based on its binding conformation as confirmed by the X-ray structure of tubulin complexed with zampanolide. Two new zampanolide mimics with the newly designed side chain have been successfully synthesized through a 25-step chemical transformation for each. Yamaguchi esterification and intramolecular Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons condensation were used as key reactions to construct the lactone core. The chiral centers at C17 and C18 were introduced by the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation. Our WST-1 cell proliferation assay data in both docetaxel-resistant and docetaxel-naive prostate cancer cell lines revealed that compound 6 is the optimal mimic and the newly designed side chain can serve as a bioisostere for the chemically fragile N-acetyl hemiaminal side chain in zampanolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA; (G.C.); (Z.J.)
| | - Ziran Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA; (G.C.); (Z.J.)
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (Q.Z.); (G.W.)
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (Q.Z.); (G.W.)
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA; (G.C.); (Z.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-559-278-2394
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13
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Chen G, Patanapongpibul M, Jiang Z, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Wang G, White JD, Chen QH. Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of new zampanolide mimics. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 17:3830-3844. [PMID: 30924817 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00556k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Zampanolide is a marine microtubule-stabilizing macrolide that has been shown by in vitro experiments to be a promising anticancer lead compound. Through its unique covalent-binding with β-tubulin, zampanolide exhibits cytotoxic potency towards multi-drug resistant cancer cells that is superior to paclitaxel. However, the limited availability of zampanolide impedes its further in vivo evaluation as a viable drug candidate. Zampanolide is envisioned to become more drug-like if its chemically fragile side chain can be stabilized; hence, this project aims to develop mimics of zampanolide with a stable side chain using straightforward synthetic methods. To this end, twelve novel zampanolide mimics (51-62) with conjugated and planar side chains have been synthesized via a 24-step sequence for each mimic from commercially available 2-butyn-1-ol as starting material. A Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction incorporates the α,β-unsaturated ketone side chain and also closes the core macrocycle. WST-1 cell proliferation assays in three docetaxel-sensitive and two docetaxel-resistant human prostate cancer cell models confirm that a suitably designed side chain can serve as a bioisostere for the N-acyl hemiaminal side chain in zampanolide. Mimic 52 with a 17R chiral center was identified as the optimal candidate with IC50 values of 0.29-0.46 μM against both docetaxel-sensitive (PC-3 and DU145) and docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3/DTX and DU145/DTX). Zampanolide mimic 52 exhibited equivalent antiproliferative potency towards both docetaxel-sensitive and docetaxel-resistant cell lines, with relative resistance in the range of 0.9-1.6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA.
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14
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Enantioselective syntheses of (E)-γ,δ-disubstituted homoallylic alcohols via BF3·OEt2-catalyzed aldehyde allylboration and analysis of the origin of E-selectivity: A1,2 allylic strain vs. syn-pentane interaction. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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15
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Henry JL, Wilson MR, Mulligan MP, Quinn TR, Sackett DL, Taylor RE. Synthesis, conformational preferences, and biological activity of conformational analogues of the microtubule-stabilizing agents, (-)-zampanolide and (-)-dactylolide. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:800-805. [PMID: 31191870 PMCID: PMC6540953 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00164f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Zampanolide and dactylolide are microtubule-stabilizing polyketides possessing potent cytotoxicity towards a variety of cancer cell lines. Using our understanding of the conformational preferences of the macrolide core in both natural products, we hypothesized that analogues lacking the C17-methyl group would maintain the necessary conformation for bioactivity while reducing the number of synthetic manipulations necessary for their synthesis. Analogues 3, 4 and 5 were prepared via total synthesis, and their conformational preferences were determined through computational and high-field NMR studies. While no observable activities were present in dactylolide analogues 3 and 4, zampanolide analogue 5 exhibited sub-micromolar cytotoxicity. Herein, we describe these efforts towards understanding the structure- and conformation-activity relationships of dactylolide and zampanolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Henry
- The Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development and the Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN 46556-5670 , USA .
| | - Matthew R Wilson
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals , 50 Northern Ave , Boston , MA 02210 , USA
| | - Michael P Mulligan
- The Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development and the Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN 46556-5670 , USA .
| | - Taylor R Quinn
- The Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development and the Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN 46556-5670 , USA .
| | - Dan L Sackett
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD 20892 , USA
| | - Richard E Taylor
- The Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development and the Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN 46556-5670 , USA .
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Taufa T, Singh AJ, Harland CR, Patel V, Jones B, Halafihi TI, Miller JH, Keyzers RA, Northcote PT. Zampanolides B-E from the Marine Sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis: Potent Cytotoxic Macrolides with Microtubule-Stabilizing Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:2539-2544. [PMID: 30371079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Four new compounds (2-5) structurally related to the microtubule-stabilizing agent (-)-zampanolide (1) have been isolated from the Tongan marine sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis. Three of these new structures, zampanolides B-D (2-4), exhibit nanomolar cytotoxicity toward the HL-60 cell line, are antimitotic, and induce in vitro tubulin polymerization at levels comparable to 1. Zampanolide E (5), saturated at C-8/C-9, was significantly less potent and does not stabilize purified tubulin, even at 10-fold higher concentrations. The structural differences across these compounds reveal a plasticity of the zampanolide pharmacophore. While unsaturation is required at Δ8, the configuration of this alkene and those of Δ4 and Δ4' have little effect on tubulin polymerization. The first natural co-occurrence of 1 and (-)-dactylolide (6) from the same sponge extract is also noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taitusi Taufa
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
| | - A Jonathan Singh
- Centre for Biodiscovery , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
| | - Chloe R Harland
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
| | - Vimal Patel
- Centre for Biodiscovery , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
| | - Ben Jones
- Centre for Biodiscovery , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
| | | | - John H Miller
- Centre for Biodiscovery , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
| | - Peter T Northcote
- Centre for Biodiscovery , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
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17
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Nelson TAF, Blakey SB. Intermolecular Allylic C−H Etherification of Internal Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A. F. Nelson
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Dr. Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Simon B. Blakey
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Dr. Atlanta GA 30322 USA
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18
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Nelson TAF, Blakey SB. Intermolecular Allylic C-H Etherification of Internal Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14911-14915. [PMID: 30256503 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report on the development of an oxidative allylic C-H etherification reaction, utilizing internal olefins and alcohols as simple precursors. Key advances include the use of RhCp* complexes to promote the allylic C-H functionalization of internal olefins and the compatibility of the oxidative conditions with oxidatively sensitive alcohols, enabling the direct etherification reaction. Preliminary mechanistic studies, consistent with C-H functionalization as the rate determining step, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A F Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Simon B Blakey
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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19
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Chen G, Wang R, Vue B, Patanapongpibul M, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Wang G, White JD, Chen QH. Optimized synthesis and antiproliferative activity of desTHPdactylolides. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3514-3520. [PMID: 29784275 PMCID: PMC6008235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dactylolide and certain analogues are attractive targets for study due to their structural resemblance to zampanolide, a very promising anticancer lead compound and a unique covalent-binding microtubule stabilizing agent. The primary goal of this project is identification and synthesis of simplified analogues of dactylolide that would be easier to prepare and could be investigated for antiproliferative activity in comparison with zampanolide. Extension of Almann's concept of a simplified zampanolide analogue to dactylolide in the form of desTHPdactylolide was attractive not only for reasons of synthetic simplification but also for the prospect that analogues of dactylolide could be prepared in both (17S) and (17R) configurations. Since Altmann's overall yield for the six-step procedure leading to the C9-C18 fragment of desTHPdactylolide was only 8.7%, a study focused on optimized synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of each enantiomer of desTHPdactylolide was initiated using Altmann's route as a framework. To this end, two optimized approaches to this fragment C9-C18 were successfully developed by us using allyl iodide or allyl tosylate as the starting material for a critical Williamson ether synthesis. Both (17S) and (17R) desTHPdactylolides were readily synthesized in our laboratory using optimized methods in yields of 37-43%. Antiproliferative activity of the pair of enantiomeric desTHPdactylolides, together with their analogues, was evaluated in three docetaxel-sensitive and two docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cell models using a WST-1 cell proliferation assay. Surprisingly, (17R) desTHPdactylolide was identified as the eutomer in the prostate cancer cell models. It was found that (17S) and (17R) desTHPdactylolide exhibit equivalent antiproliferative potency towards both docetaxel-sensitive (PC-3 and DU145) and docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3/DTX and DU145/DTX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Ave. M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Rubing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Ave. M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Bao Vue
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Ave. M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Manee Patanapongpibul
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Ave. M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Shilong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - James D White
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Ave. M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, USA.
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21
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Cao YN, Zheng LL, Wang D, Liang XX, Gao F, Zhou XL. Recent advances in microtubule-stabilizing agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:806-828. [PMID: 29223097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Highly dynamic mitotic spindle microtubules are superb therapeutic targets for a group of chemically diverse and clinically successful anticancer drugs. Microtubule-targeted drugs disrupt microtubule dynamics in distinct ways, and they are primarily classified into two groups: microtubule destabilizing agents (MDAs), such as vinblastine, colchicine, and combretastatin-A4, and microtubule stabilizing agents (MSAs), such as paclitaxel and epothilones. Systematic discovery and development of new MSAs have been aided by extensive research on paclitaxel, yielding a large number of promising anticancer compounds. This review focuses on the natural sources, structural features, mechanisms of action, structure-activity relationship (SAR) and chemical synthesis of MSAs. These MSAs mainly include paclitaxel, taccalonolides, epothilones, FR182877 (cyclostreptin), dictyostatin, discodermolide, eleutherobin and sarcodictyins, zampanolide, dactylolide, laulimalides, peloruside and ceratamines from natural sources, as well as small molecular microtubule stabilizers obtained via chemical synthesis. Then we discuss the application prospect and development of these anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Cao
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Ling-Li Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Xiao-Xia Liang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China.
| | - Xian-Li Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
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22
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Clarke PA, Nasir NM, Sellars PB, Peter AM, Lawson CA, Burroughs JL. Synthesis of 2,6-trans- and 3,3,6-trisubstituted tetrahydropyran-4-ones from Maitland-Japp derived 2H-dihydropyran-4-ones: a total synthesis of diospongin B. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:6840-52. [PMID: 27340028 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
6-Substituted-2H-dihydropyran-4-one products of the Maitland-Japp reaction have been converted into tetrahydropyrans containing uncommon substitution patterns. Treatment of 6-substituted-2H-dihydropyran-4-ones with carbon nucleophiles led to the formation of tetrahydropyran rings with the 2,6-trans-stereochemical arrangement. Reaction of the same 6-substituted-2H-dihydropyran-4-ones with l-Selectride led to the formation of 3,6-disubstituted tetrahydropyran rings, while trapping of the intermediate enolate with carbon electrophiles in turn led to the formation 3,3,6-trisubstituted tetrahydropyran rings. The relative stereochemical configuration of the new substituents was controlled by the stereoelectronic preference for pseudo-axial addition of the nucleophile and trapping of the enolate from the opposite face. Application of these methods led to a synthesis of the potent anti-osteoporotic diarylheptanoid natural product diospongin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorks YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Nadiah Mad Nasir
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorks YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Philip B Sellars
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorks YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Alejandra M Peter
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorks YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Connor A Lawson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorks YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - James L Burroughs
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorks YO10 5DD, UK.
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Dictyoceratidan poisons: Defined mark on microtubule-tubulin dynamics. Life Sci 2016; 148:229-40. [PMID: 26874035 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tubulin/microtubule assembly and disassembly is characterized as one of the chief processes during cell growth and division. Hence drugs those perturb these process are considered to be effective in killing fast multiplying cancer cells. There is a collection of natural compounds which disturb microtubule/tubulin dis/assemblage and there have been a lot of efforts concerted in the marine realm too, to surveying such killer molecules. Close to half the natural compounds shooting out from marine invertebrates are generally with no traceable definite mechanisms of action though may be tough anti-cancerous hits at nanogram levels, hence fatefully those discoveries conclude therein without a capacity of translation from laboratory to pharmacy. Astoundingly at least 50% of natural compounds which have definite mechanisms of action causing disorders in tubulin/microtubule kinetics have an isolation history from sponges belonging to the Phylum: Porifera. Poriferans have always been a wonder worker to treat cancers with a choice of, yet precise targets on cancerous tissues. There is a specific order: Dictyoceratida within this Phylum which has contributed to yielding at least 50% of effective compounds possessing this unique mechanism of action mentioned above. However, not much notice is driven to Dictyoceratidans alongside the order: Demospongiae thus dictating the need to know its select microtubule/tubulin irritants since the unearthing of avarol in the year 1974 till date. Hence this review selectively pinpoints all the compounds, noteworthy derivatives and analogs stemming from order: Dictyoceratida focusing on the past, present and future.
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Abstract
A novel approach for the synthesis of (S)-nakinadine B, a marine natural product is described. The synthesis utilizes the optimized combination of organocatalyzed Michael addition and aminoxylation reactions as key steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvraj Garg
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Thapar University
- Patiala 147001
- India
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25
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Abstract
Microtubule-stabilizing agents (MSAs) have been highly successful in the treatment of cancer in the past 20years. To date, three classes of MSAs have entered the clinical trial stage or have been approved for clinical anticancer chemotherapy, and more than 10 classes of novel structural MSAs have been derived from natural resources. The microtubule typically contains two MSA-binding sites: the taxoid site and the laulimalide/peloruside site. All defined MSAs are known to bind at either of these sites, with subtle but significant differences. MSAs with different binding sites may produce a synergistic effect. Although having been extensively applied in the clinical setting, paclitaxel and other approved MSAs still pose many challenges such as multidrug resistance, low bioavailability, poor solubility, high toxicity, and low passage through the blood-brain barrier. A variety of studies focus on the structure-activity relationship in order to improve the pharmaceutical properties of these agents. Here, the mechanisms of action, advancements in pharmacological research, and clinical developments of defined MSAs during the past decade are discussed. The latest discovered MSAs are also briefly introduced in this review. The increasing number of natural MSAs indicates the potential discovery of more novel, natural MSAs with different structural bases, which will further promote the development of anticancer chemotherapy.
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Wang J, Ting SZY, Harvey JE. Preparation of conjugated dienoates with Bestmann ylide: Towards the synthesis of zampanolide and dactylolide using a facile linchpin approach. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1815-22. [PMID: 26664601 PMCID: PMC4660958 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bestmann ylide [(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ketene] acts as a chemical linchpin that links nucleophilic entities, such as alcohols or amines, with carbonyl moieties to produce unsaturated esters and amides, respectively. In this work, the formation of α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated esters (dienoates) is achieved through the coupling of Bestmann ylide, an alcohol and an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde. Primary and secondary alcohols, including allylic alcohols, are suitable substrates; the newly formed alkene has an E-geometry. Strategically, this represents a highly efficient route to unsaturated polyketide derivatives. A linchpin approach to the synthesis of a major fragment of the natural products zampanolide and dactylolide is investigated using Bestmann ylide to link the C16-C20 alcohol with the C3-C8 aldehyde fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Samuel Z Y Ting
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Joanne E Harvey
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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Sultana S, Devi NR, Saikia AK. Synthesis of Substituted Tetrahydropyrans and Tetrahydrofurans via Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation of Alkenols. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabera Sultana
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati 781039 Assam India
| | - Ngangbam Renubala Devi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati 781039 Assam India
| | - Anil K. Saikia
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati 781039 Assam India
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28
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Zhang YL, Li YF, Yu B, Shan LH, Liu HM. Recent Progress on the Synthesis and Bioactivity of Marine Naturally Occurring Dienamides and Related Derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2015.1038753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan Province, China
| | - Ya-Fei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Hong Shan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Specklin S, Cossy J. Chemoselective Synthesis of β-Ketophosphonates Using Lithiated α-(Trimethylsilyl)methylphosphonate. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3302-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Specklin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique,
Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI)-UMR 8231-ESPCI ParisTech/CNRS/PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Janine Cossy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique,
Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI)-UMR 8231-ESPCI ParisTech/CNRS/PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Chen QH, Kingston DGI. Zampanolide and dactylolide: cytotoxic tubulin-assembly agents and promising anticancer leads. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:1202-26. [PMID: 24945566 PMCID: PMC4126874 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00024b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Zampanolide is a marine natural macrolide and a recent addition to the family of microtubule-stabilizing cytotoxic agents. Zampanolide exhibits unique effects on tubulin assembly and is more potent than paclitaxel against several multi-drug resistant cancer cell lines. A high-resolution crystal structure of αβ-tubulin in complex with zampanolide explains how taxane-site microtubule-stabilizing agents promote microtubule assemble and stability. This review provides an overview of current developments of zampanolide and its related but less potent analogue dactylolide, covering their natural sources and isolation, structure and conformation, cytotoxic potential, structure-activity studies, mechanism of action, and syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry , California State University, Fresno , 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70 , Fresno , CA 93740 , USA . ; Fax: +1 559 2784402 ; Tel: +1 559 2782394
| | - David G. I. Kingston
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery , M/C 0212, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA . ; Fax: +1 540 2313255 ; Tel: +1 540 2316570
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Larsen EM, Wilson MR, Zajicek J, Taylor RE. Conformational preferences of zampanolide and dactylolide. Org Lett 2013; 15:5246-9. [PMID: 24102367 DOI: 10.1021/ol402462h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The solution conformation behavior of the macrolide core of microtubule-stabilizing agents (-)-zampanolide and (-)-dactylolide has been determined through a combination of high-field NMR experiments and computational modeling. Taken together, the results demonstrate that in solution both molecules exist as a mixture of three interconverting conformational families, one of which bears strong resemblance to zampanolide's tubulin-bound conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik M Larsen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame , 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
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Yu X, Sun D. Macrocyclic drugs and synthetic methodologies toward macrocycles. Molecules 2013; 18:6230-68. [PMID: 23708234 PMCID: PMC4374646 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18066230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrocyclic scaffolds are commonly found in bioactive natural products and pharmaceutical molecules. So far, a large number of macrocyclic natural products have been isolated and synthesized. The construction of macrocycles is generally considered as a crucial and challenging step in the synthesis of macrocyclic natural products. Over the last several decades, numerous efforts have been undertaken toward the synthesis of complex naturally occurring macrocycles and great progresses have been made to advance the field of total synthesis. The commonly used synthetic methodologies toward macrocyclization include macrolactonization, macrolactamization, transition metal-catalyzed cross coupling, ring-closing metathesis, and click reaction, among others. Selected recent examples of macrocyclic synthesis of natural products and druglike macrocycles with significant biological relevance are highlighted in each class. The primary goal of this review is to summarize currently used macrocyclic drugs, highlight the therapeutic potential of this underexplored drug class and outline the general synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dianqing Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; E-Mail:
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Parenty A, Moreau X, Niel G, Campagne JM. Update 1 of: Macrolactonizations in the Total Synthesis of Natural Products. Chem Rev 2013; 113:PR1-40. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300129n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Parenty
- Institut de Chimie des Substances
Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - X. Moreau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances
Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Gilles Niel
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR5253, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, F-34296 Montpellier, France
| | - J.-M. Campagne
- Institut de Chimie des Substances
Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR5253, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, F-34296 Montpellier, France
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Ballatore C, Brunden KR, Huryn DM, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Smith AB. Microtubule stabilizing agents as potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative tauopathies. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8979-96. [PMID: 23020671 PMCID: PMC3493881 DOI: 10.1021/jm301079z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule (MT) associated protein tau, which is highly expressed in the axons of neurons, is an endogenous MT-stabilizing agent that plays an important role in axonal transport. Loss of MT-stabilizing tau function, caused by misfolding, hyperphosphorylation, and sequestration of tau into insoluble aggregates, leads to axonal transport deficits with neuropathological consequences. Several in vitro and preclinical in vivo studies have shown that MT-stabilizing drugs can be utilized to compensate for the loss of tau function and to maintain/restore effective axonal transport. These findings indicate that MT-stabilizing compounds hold considerable promise for the treatment of Alzheimer disease and related tauopathies. The present article provides a synopsis of the key findings demonstrating the therapeutic potential of MT-stabilizing drugs in the context of neurodegenerative tauopathies, as well as an overview of the different classes of MT-stabilizing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Ballatore
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Research and Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323
| | - Kurt R. Brunden
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Research and Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323
| | - Donna M. Huryn
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323
| | - John Q. Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Research and Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323
| | - Virginia M.-Y. Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Research and Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323
| | - Amos B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323
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Zurwerra D, Glaus F, Betschart L, Schuster J, Gertsch J, Ganci W, Altmann KH. Total Synthesis of (−)-Zampanolide and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies on (−)-Dactylolide Derivatives. Chemistry 2012; 18:16868-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Clarke PA, Ermanis K. Synthesis of the C20–C32 Tetrahydropyran Core of the Phorboxazoles and the C22 Epimer via a Stereodivergent Michael Reaction. Org Lett 2012; 14:5550-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3026523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Kristaps Ermanis
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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Ghosh AK, Cheng X, Bai R, Hamel E. Total Synthesis of Potent Antitumor Macrolide, (-)-Zampanolide: An Oxidative Intramolecular Cyclization-Based Strategy. European J Org Chem 2012; 2012:4130-4139. [PMID: 23606808 PMCID: PMC3629982 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A detailed account of the enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-zampanolide, a macrolide marine natural product with high anti-cancer activity is described. For synthesis of the 4-methylene tetrahydropyran unit of (-)-zampanolide, initially, we relied upon an oxidative C-H activation of an alkenyl ether and intramolecular cyclization to provide the substituted tetrahydropyran ring. However, this strategy was unsuccessful. Subsequently, we found that a cinnamyl ether is critical for the successful oxidative intramolecular cyclization reaction. The synthesis also features a cross metathesis reaction to construct a tri-substituted olefin, a ring-closing metathesis to form a highly functionalized macrolactone and a chiral phosphoric acid promoted N-acyl aminal formation to furnish (-)-zampanolide stereoselectively and in good yield. The synthetic (-)-zampanolide had effects on cultured cells and on tubulin assembly consistent with properties reported for the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907 (USA), Fax: (+1) 765-496-1612
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907 (USA), Fax: (+1) 765-496-1612
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702 (USA)
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702 (USA)
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38
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Wilson MR, Taylor RE. Toward an enantioselective synthesis of (-)-zampanolide: preparation of the C9-C20 region. Org Lett 2012; 14:3408-11. [PMID: 22720980 DOI: 10.1021/ol301383a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Progress toward the synthesis of the microtubule-stabilizing agent, (-)-zampanolide, is reported. Construction of the 2,6-cis-tetrahydropyran ring was accomplished utilizing ether transfer methodology in conjunction with an intramolecular radical cyclization reaction. Efficient installation of the C16-C20 side chain relied on a one-pot cross-metathesis/olefination sequence, Sharpless epoxidation, and selective reduction of a vinyl epoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Walther Cancer Research Center, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, USA
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Lee K, Kim H, Hong J. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Oxidative Macrolactonization: Total Synthesis of (+)-Dactylolide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5735-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lee K, Kim H, Hong J. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Oxidative Macrolactonization: Total Synthesis of (+)-Dactylolide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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41
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Fuwa H. Total Synthesis of Tetrahydropyran-Containing Natural Products Exploiting Intramolecular Oxa-Conjugate Cyclization. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-12-730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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42
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Saha P, Bhunia A, Saikia AK. Synthesis of 2,3,5,6-tetrasubstituted tetrahydropyrans via (3,5)-oxonium-ene reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:2470-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06832j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fuwa H, Ichinokawa N, Noto K, Sasaki M. Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,6-Cis-Substituted Tetrahydropyrans: Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxa-Conjugate Cyclization of α,β-Unsaturated Ester Surrogates. J Org Chem 2011; 77:2588-607. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202179s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Fuwa
- Graduate
School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577,
Japan
| | - Naoki Ichinokawa
- Graduate
School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577,
Japan
| | - Kenkichi Noto
- Graduate
School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577,
Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Graduate
School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577,
Japan
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Ghosh AK, Cheng X. Enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-zampanolide, a potent microtubule-stabilizing agent. Org Lett 2011; 13:4108-11. [PMID: 21749032 PMCID: PMC3153378 DOI: 10.1021/ol201626h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective total synthesis of zampanolide has been accomplished using a novel DDQ/Brønsted acid promoted cyclization as the key reaction. The synthesis features cross-metathesis to construct the trisubstituted olefin and a ring-closing metathesis to form the macrolactone. The final N-acyl aminal formation was stereoselectively accomplished by an organocatalytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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46
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Robertson J, North C, Sadig JE. Asymmetric synthesis of the C(6–18) bis(tetrahydropyran)spiroacetal fragment of the lituarines. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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47
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A new strategy for the synthesis of substituted dihydropyrones and tetrahydropyrones via palladium-catalyzed coupling of thioesters. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.03.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Volchkov I, Park S, Lee D. Ring strain-promoted allylic transposition of cyclic silyl ethers. Org Lett 2011; 13:3530-3. [PMID: 21648455 DOI: 10.1021/ol2013473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Relief of the ring strain of medium-sized rings promotes a regioselective allylic transposition of a C-O bond when catalyzed by rhenium oxide. Through the allylic transposition, eight-membered cyclic silyl ethers undergo ring contraction to the corresponding six-membered siloxacycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Volchkov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
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49
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Fuwa H, Noto K, Sasaki M. Biosynthesis-Inspired Intramolecular Oxa-Conjugate Cyclization of α,β-Unsaturated Thioesters: Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,6-cis-Substituted Tetrahydropyrans. Org Lett 2011; 13:1820-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200333p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Fuwa
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kenkichi Noto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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50
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Qi Y, Ma S. The medicinal potential of promising marine macrolides with anticancer activity. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:399-409. [PMID: 21302362 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 01/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Marine natural products have become a major source of new chemical entities in the discovery of potential anticancer agents that potently suppress various molecular targets. In particular, the marine macrolides, which include an array of novel biomolecules endowed with outstanding cytotoxic and/or antiproliferative activities, are a prominent class of marine natural products that offer continued promise for breakthroughs in anticancer research. Herein we highlight some recent studies of promising marine macrolides, paying particular attention to their discovery, anticancer activities, mechanisms of action, chemical synthesis, and representative analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkun Qi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44, West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
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