1
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Geue N, Winpenny REP, Barran PE. Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry for Large Synthetic Molecules: Expanding the Analytical Toolbox. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8800-8819. [PMID: 38498971 PMCID: PMC10996010 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the composition, structure and stability of larger synthetic molecules is crucial for their design, yet currently the analytical tools commonly used do not always provide this information. In this perspective, we show how ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS), in combination with tandem mass spectrometry, complementary techniques and computational methods, can be used to structurally characterize synthetic molecules, make and predict new complexes, monitor disassembly processes and determine stability. Using IM-MS, we present an experimental and computational framework for the analysis and design of complex molecular architectures such as (metallo)supramolecular cages, nanoclusters, interlocked molecules, rotaxanes, dendrimers, polymers and host-guest complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Geue
- Michael
Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute
of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
| | - Richard E. P. Winpenny
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Perdita E. Barran
- Michael
Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute
of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
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2
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Auth T, Stein CJ, O'Hair RAJ, Koszinowski K. Origin of the different reactivity of the high-valent coinage-metal complexes [RCuIIIMe3]- and [RAgIIIMe3]- (R = allyl). Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103130. [PMID: 34773654 PMCID: PMC9304237 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
High‐valent tetraalkylcuprates(iii) and ‐argentates(iii) are key intermediates of copper‐ and silver‐mediated C−C coupling reactions. Here, we investigate the previously reported contrasting reactivity of [RMiiiMe3]− complexes (M=Cu, Ag and R=allyl) with energy‐dependent collision‐induced dissociation experiments, advanced quantum‐chemical calculations and kinetic computations. The gas‐phase fragmentation experiments confirmed the preferred formation of the [RCuMe]− anion upon collisional activation of the cuprate(iii) species, consistent with a homo‐coupling reaction, whereas the silver analogue primarily yielded [AgMe2]−, consistent with a cross‐coupling reaction. For both complexes, density functional theory calculations identified one mechanism for homo coupling and four different ones for cross coupling. Of these pathways, an unprecedented concerted outer‐sphere cross coupling is of particular interest, because it can explain the formation of [AgMe2]− from the argentate(iii) species. Remarkably, the different C−C coupling propensities of the two [RMiiiMe3]− complexes become only apparent when properly accounting for the multi‐configurational character of the wave function for the key transition state of [RAgMe3]−. Backed by the obtained detailed mechanistic insight for the gas‐phase reactions, we propose that the previously observed cross‐coupling reaction of the silver complex in solution proceeds via the outer‐sphere mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Auth
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen: Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, GERMANY
| | - Christopher J Stein
- University of Duisburg-Essen: Universitat Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics, Lotharstr. 1, 47057, Duisburg, GERMANY
| | - Richard A J O'Hair
- University of Melbourne, School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, AUSTRALIA
| | - Konrad Koszinowski
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen: Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, GERMANY
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3
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O'Hair RAJ. ORGANOMETALLIC GAS-PHASE ION CHEMISTRY AND CATALYSIS: INSIGHTS INTO THE USE OF METAL CATALYSTS TO PROMOTE SELECTIVITY IN THE REACTIONS OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:782-810. [PMID: 32965774 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carboxylic acids are valuable organic substrates as they are widely available, easy to handle, and exhibit structural and functional variety. While they are used in many standard synthetic protocols, over the past two decades numerous studies have explored new modes of metal-mediated reactivity of carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Mass spectrometry-based studies can provide fundamental mechanistic insights into these new modes of reactivity. Here gas-phase models for the following catalytic transformations of carboxylic acids and their derivatives are reviewed: protodecarboxylation; dehydration; decarbonylation; reaction as coordinated bases in C-H bond activation; remote functionalization and decarboxylative C-C bond coupling. In each case the catalytic problem is defined, insights from gas-phase studies are highlighted, comparisons with condensed-phase systems are made and perspectives are reached. Finally, the potential role for mechanistic studies that integrate both gas- and condensed-phase studies is highlighted by recent studies on the discovery of new catalysts for the selective decomposition of formic acid and the invention of the new extrusion-insertion class of reactions for the synthesis of amides, thioamides, and amidines. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A J O'Hair
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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4
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Xiong Z, Chen X, Gong Y. Mass spectrometric and theoretical study on the formation of uranyl hydride from uranyl carboxylate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:20073-20079. [PMID: 34551043 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03092b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Uranyl hydride in the form of HUO2Cl2- was prepared upon collision-induced dissociation of (RCO2)UO2Cl2- (R = H, CH3CH2, CH3CH2CH2, CH3CHCH, (CH3)2CH, C5H9, C6H11 and C6H5CH2CH2) in the gas phase. It was found that uranyl hydrides result from alkene and alkyne elimination with concomitant β-hydride transfer of uranyl alkylides RUO2Cl2- following decarboxylation of the carboxylates with the exception of (HCO2)UO2Cl2-, and formation of HUVIO2Cl2- through alkene/alkyne loss is in competition with neutral ligand loss to give UVO2Cl2-. According to the calculations at the B3LYP level, loss of a neutral ligand is slightly less favorable in the cases of (CH3CH2)UO2Cl2- and (CH3CH2CH2)UO2Cl2-, and the situations of (CH3CHCH)UO2Cl2-, ((CH3)2CH)UO2Cl2-, (C5H9)UO2Cl2-, (C6H11)UO2Cl2- and (C6H5CH2CH2)UO2Cl2- with β-hydrogen atoms should be similar despite the fact that the yield of uranyl hydride depends on the nature of the ligand. Although no uranyl hydride was observed when β-hydrogen is not available in the carboxylate precursor, there is no HUO2Cl2- generated from (C6H5CO2)UO2Cl2-, (2-C6H4FCO2)UO2Cl2- and (CH2CHCH2CO2)UO2Cl2- with β-hydrogen either. This is attributed to the much more favorable formation of UO2Cl2- over HUO2Cl2- as revealed by the B3LYP calculations, which is similar to the absence of HUO2Cl2- in the (CH3CO2)UO2Cl2- case where highly reactive CH2 would be formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Xiong
- Department of Radiochemistry, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China. .,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiuting Chen
- Department of Radiochemistry, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of Radiochemistry, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
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5
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Deuker M, Yang Y, O’Hair RAJ, Koszinowski K. Tetraorganylargentate(III) Complexes: Key Intermediates in Silver-Mediated Cross-Coupling Reactions. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Deuker
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Konrad Koszinowski
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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6
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Parker K, Weragoda GK, Canty AJ, Ryzhov V, O’Hair RAJ. Modeling Metal-Catalyzed Polyethylene Depolymerization: [(Phen)Pd(X)] + (X = H and CH 3) Catalyze the Decomposition of Hexane into a Mixture of Alkenes via a Complex Reaction Network. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Parker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Geethika K. Weragoda
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Allan J. Canty
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Victor Ryzhov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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7
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Parker K, Weragoda GK, Canty AJ, Polyzos A, Ryzhov V, O’Hair RAJ. A Two-Step Catalytic Cycle for the Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Ethane by Group 10 Metal Complexes: Role of the Metal in Reactivity and Selectivity. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Parker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Geethika K. Weragoda
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Allan J. Canty
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Anastasios Polyzos
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Victor Ryzhov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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8
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Jin Q, Li J, Ariafard A, Canty AJ, O'Hair RA. Formation and reactions of the 1, 8-naphthyridine (napy) ligated geminally dimetallated phenyl complexes [(napy)Cu 2(Ph)] +, [(napy)Ag 2(Ph)] + and [(napy)CuAg(Ph)] . EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2019; 25:30-43. [PMID: 30773925 DOI: 10.1177/1469066718795959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase ion trap mass spectrometry experiments and density functional theory calculations have been used to examine the routes to the formation of the 1,8-naphthyridine (napy) ligated geminally dimetallated phenyl complexes [(napy)Cu2(Ph)]+, [(napy)Ag2(Ph)]+ and [(napy)CuAg(Ph)]+ via extrusion of CO2 or SO2 under collision-induced dissociation conditions from their corresponding precursor complexes [(napy)Cu2(O2CPh)]+, [(napy)Ag2(O2CPh)]+, [(napy)CuAg(O2CPh)]+ and [(napy)Cu2(O2SPh)]+, [(napy)Ag2(O2SPh)]+, [(napy)CuAg(O2SPh)]+. Desulfination was found to be more facile than decarboxylation. Density functional theory calculations reveal that extrusion proceeds via two transition states: TS1 enables isomerization of the O, O-bridged benzoate to its O-bound form; TS2 involves extrusion of CO2 or SO2 with the concomitant formation of the organometallic cation and has the highest barrier. Of all the organometallic cations, only [(napy)Cu2(Ph)]+ reacts with water via hydrolysis to give [(napy)Cu2(OH)]+, consistent with density functional theory calculations which show that hydrolysis proceeds via the initial formation of the adduct [(napy)Cu2(Ph)(H2O)]+ which then proceeds via TS3 in which the coordinated H2O is deprotonated by the coordinated phenyl anion to give the product complex [(napy)Cu2(OH)(C6H6)]+, which then loses benzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Jin
- 1 School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jiaye Li
- 1 School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrak Gharb, Tehran, Iran
| | - Allan J Canty
- 3 School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Richard Aj O'Hair
- 1 School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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9
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Habib M, Sarkar R, Biswas S, Pramanik A, Sarkar P, Pal S. Unambiguous hydrogenation of CO2 by coinage-metal hydride anions: an intuitive idea based on in silico experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7483-7490. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00133f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coinage metal hydride anions, especially AgH−, can effectively and deterministically hydrogenate CO2 to HCO2−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Habib
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Gour Banga
- Malda – 732103
- India
| | - Ritabrata Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Gour Banga
- Malda – 732103
- India
| | - Santu Biswas
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati University
- Santiniketan – 731235
- India
| | - Anup Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati University
- Santiniketan – 731235
- India
| | - Pranab Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati University
- Santiniketan – 731235
- India
| | - Sougata Pal
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Gour Banga
- Malda – 732103
- India
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10
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Cheng GJ, Zhong XM, Wu YD, Zhang X. Mechanistic understanding of catalysis by combining mass spectrometry and computation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12749-12764. [PMID: 31560354 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The combination of mass spectrometry and computational chemistry has been proven to be powerful for exploring reaction mechanisms. The former provides information of reaction intermediates, while the latter gives detailed reaction energy profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Juan Cheng
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
- Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xiu-Mei Zhong
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
- Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
- Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
- Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School
- Shenzhen
- China
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11
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Bathie FLB, Bowen CJ, Hutton CA, O'Hair RAJ. Unimolecular reactivity of organotrifluoroborate anions, RBF 3- , and their alkali metal cluster ions, M(RBF 3 ) 2- (M = Na, K; R = CH 3 , CH 3 CH 2 , CH 3 (CH 2 ) 3 , CH 3 (CH 2 ) 5 , c-C 3 H 5 , C 6 H 5 , C 6 H 5 CH 2 , CH 2 CHCH 2 , CH 2 CH, C 6 H 5 CO). RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:1045-1052. [PMID: 29645303 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Potassium organotrifluoroborates (RBF3 K) are important reagents used in organic synthesis. Although mass spectrometry is commonly used to confirm their molecular formulae, the gas-phase fragmentation reactions of organotrifluoroborates and their alkali metal cluster ions have not been previously reported. METHODS Negative-ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI) together with collision-induced dissociation (CID) using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer were used to examine the fragmentation pathways for RBF3- (where R = CH3 , CH3 CH2 , CH3 (CH2 )3 , CH3 (CH2 )5 , c-C3 H5 , C6 H5 , C6 H5 CH2 , CH2 CHCH2 , CH2 CH, C6 H5 CO) and M(RBF3 )2- (M = Na, K), while density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the M06/def2-TZVP level were used to examine the structures and energies associated with fragmentation reactions for R = Me and Ph. RESULTS Upon CID, preferentially elimination of HF occurs for RBF3- ions for systems where R = an alkyl anion, whereas R- formation is favoured when R = a stabilized anion. At higher collision energies loss of F- and additional HF losses are sometimes observed. Upon CID of M(RBF3 )2- , formation of RBF3- is the preferred pathway with some fluoride transfer observed only when M = Na. The DFT-calculated relative thermochemistry for competing fragmentation pathways is consistent with the experiments. CONCLUSIONS The main fragmentation pathways of RBF3- are HF elimination and/or R- loss. This contrasts with the fragmentation reactions of other organometallate anions, where reductive elimination, beta hydride transfer and bond homolysis are often observed. The presence of fluoride transfer upon CID of Na(RBF3 )2- but not K(RBF3 )2- is in agreement with the known fluoride affinities of Na+ and K+ and can be rationalized by Pearson's HSAB theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona L B Bathie
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Chris J Bowen
- Shimadzu Scientific, Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Craig A Hutton
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A J O'Hair
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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12
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Weske S, Hardin RA, Auth T, O'Hair RAJ, Koszinowski K, Ogle CA. Argentate(i) and (iii) complexes as intermediates in silver-mediated cross-coupling reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5086-5089. [PMID: 29708564 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01707g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the potential of silver to mediate synthetically valuable cross-coupling reactions, the operating mechanisms have remained unknown. Here, we use a combination of rapid-injection NMR spectroscopy, electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry, and quantum chemical calculations to demonstrate that these transformations involve argentate(i) and (iii) complexes as key intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Weske
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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13
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Zheng Z, Pavlov J, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Attygalle AB. Periodic Trends Manifested through Gas-Phase Generation of Anions Such as [AlH 4] -, [GaH 4] -, [InH 4] -, [SrH 3] -, [BaH 3] -, [Ba(0)(η 2-O 2CH) 1] -, [Pb(0)H] -, [Bi(I)H 2] -, and Bi - from Formates. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:3440-3452. [PMID: 31458596 PMCID: PMC6641263 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal-hydride anions of main group elements, such as BaH3 - and InH4 -, were generated by dissociating formate adducts of the respective metal formates. Upon activation, these adducts fragment by formate-ion ejection or by decarboxylation. For adducts of alkali-metal formates, the formate-ion ejection is the preferred pathway, whereas for those of alkaline-earth and group 13-15 metals, the expulsion of CO2 is the more favorable pathway. Decarboxylation is deemed to yield a metal-hydrogen bond presumably by a hydride transfer to the metal atom. For example, the decarboxylation of Al(η-OCOH)4 - and Ga(η-OCOH)4 - generated AlH4 - and GaH4 -, respectively. The initial fragment-ion with a H-M bond formed in this way from adducts of the heavier metals of group 13 (Ga, In, and Tl) undergo a unimolecular reductive elimination, ascribable to the "inert-pair" effect, to lower the metal-ion oxidation state from +3 to +1. As group 13 is descended, the tendency for this reductive elimination process increases. PbH3 -, generated from the formate adduct of lead formate, reductively eliminated H2 to form PbH-, in which Pb is in oxidation state zero. In the energy-minimized structure [H-Pb(η2-H2)]-, proposed as an intermediate for the process, a H2 molecule is coordinated with PbH- as a dihapto ligand. The formate adducts of strontium and barium produce monoleptic ions such as [M(0)(η2-O2CH)1]-, in which the formate ion is chelated to a neutral metal atom. The bismuth formate adduct undergoes a double reductive elimination process whereby the oxidation state of Bi is reduced from +3 to +1 and then to -1. Upon activation, the initially formed [H-Bi-H]- ion transforms to an anionic η2-H2 complex, which eliminates dihydrogen to form the bismuthide anion (Bi-).
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14
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Patra T, Maiti D. Decarboxylation as the Key Step in C−C Bond-Forming Reactions. Chemistry 2017; 23:7382-7401. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Patra
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076 India
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15
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Zavras A, Ghari H, Ariafard A, Canty AJ, O’Hair RAJ. Gas-Phase Ion–Molecule Reactions of Copper Hydride Anions [CuH2]− and [Cu2H3]−. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2387-2399. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Zavras
- School of Chemistry
and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Hossein Ghari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,
Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrak Gharb, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- The School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,
Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrak Gharb, Tehran, Iran
| | - Allan J. Canty
- The School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School of Chemistry
and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon K. Tate
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Abraham J. Jordan
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - John Bacsa
- X-ray
Crystallography Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Joseph P. Sadighi
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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17
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Liu L, Wei J, Chi Y, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Structure and Reaction Chemistry of Magnesium Organocuprates Derived from Magnesiacyclopentadienes and Copper(I) Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yue Chi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Shanghai 200032 China
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18
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Liu L, Wei J, Chi Y, Zhang W, Xi Z. Structure and Reaction Chemistry of Magnesium Organocuprates Derived from Magnesiacyclopentadienes and Copper(I) Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14762-14765. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yue Chi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wen‐Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 China
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19
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Weske S, Schoop R, Koszinowski K. The Role of Ate Complexes in the Copper-Mediated Trifluoromethylation of Alkynes. Chemistry 2016; 22:11310-6. [PMID: 27385188 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Trifluoromethylation reactions have recently received increased attention because of the beneficial effect of the trifluoromethyl group on the pharmacological properties of numerous substances. A common method to introduce the trifluoromethyl group employs the Ruppert-Prakash reagent, that is, Si(CH3 )3 CF3 , together with a copper(I) halide. We have applied this method to the trifluoromethylation of aromatic alkynes and used electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry to investigate the mechanism of these reactions in tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, and acetonitrile as well as with and without added 1,10-phenanthroline. In the absence of the alkyne component, the homoleptic ate complexes [Cu(CF3 )2 ](-) and [Cu(CF3 )4 ](-) were observed. In the presence of the alkynes RH, the heteroleptic complexes [Cu(CF3 )3 R](-) were detected as well. Upon gas-phase fragmentation, these key intermediates released the cross-coupling products R-CF3 with perfect selectivity. Apparently, the [Cu(CF3 )3 R](-) complexes did not originate from homoleptic cuprate anions, but from unobservable neutral precursors. The present results moreover point to the involvement of oxygen as the oxidizing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Weske
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ramona Schoop
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Konrad Koszinowski
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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20
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Sheikh NS. Type-I dyotropic rearrangement for 1,2-disubstituted cyclohexanes: substitution effect on activation energy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25482e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Migratory aptitude and contribution of specific structural features of synthetically valuable functional groups and halogen atoms in type-I dyotropic rearrangement for both symmetric and unsymmetrical 1,2-disubstituted cyclohexanes are computed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- King Faisal University
- Al-Ahsa 31982
- Saudi Arabia
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21
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Croisant MF, Van Hoveln R, Schomaker JM. Formal Dyotropic Rearrangements in Organometallic Transformations. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Iwasaki T, Shimizu R, Imanishi R, Kuniyasu H, Kambe N. Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective Hydroalkylation of 1,3-Dienes with Alkyl Fluorides and Grignard Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Iwasaki T, Shimizu R, Imanishi R, Kuniyasu H, Kambe N. Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective Hydroalkylation of 1,3-Dienes with Alkyl Fluorides and Grignard Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9347-50. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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O’Hair RA. Gas-phase studies of metal catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions of esters. PURE APPL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2014-1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMetal-catalyzed decarboxylative coupling reactions of esters offer new opportunities for formation of C–C bonds with CO2as the only coproduct. Here I provide an overview of: key solution phase literature; thermochemical considerations for decarboxylation of esters and thermolysis of esters in the absence of a metal catalyst. Results from my laboratory on the use of multistage ion trap mass spectrometry experiments and DFT calculations to probe the gas-phase metal catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions of allyl acetate and related esters are then reviewed. These studies have explored the role of the metal carboxylate complex in the gas phase decarboxylative coupling of allyl acetate proceeding via a simple two-step catalytic cycle. In Step 1, an organometallic ion, [CH3ML]+/–(where M is a group 10 or 11 metal and L is an auxillary ligand), is allowed to undergo ion-molecule reactions with allyl acetate to generate 1-butene and the metal acetate ion, [CH3CO2ML]+/–. In Step 2, the metal acetate ion is subjected to collision-induced dissociation to reform the organometallic ion and thereby close the catalytic cycle. DFT calculations have been used to explore the mechanisms of these reactions. The organometallic ions [CH3CuCH3]–, [CH3Cu2]+, [CH3AgCu]+and [CH3M(phen)]+(where M = Ni, Pd and Pt) all undergo C–C bond coupling reactions with allyl acetate (Step 1), although the reaction efficiencies and product branching ratios are highly dependant on the nature of the metal complex. For example, [CH3Ag2]+does not undergo C–C bond coupling. Using DFT calculations, a diverse range of mechanisms have been explored for these C–C bond-coupling reactions including: oxidative-addition, followed by reductive elimination; insertion reactions and SN2-like reactions. Which of these mechanisms operate is dependant on the nature of the metal complex. A wide range of organometallic ions can be formed via decarboxylation (Step 2) although these reactions can be in competition with other fragmentation channels. DFT calculations have located different types of transition states for the formation of [CH3CuCH3]–, [CH3Cu2]+, [CH3AgCu]+and [CH3M(phen)]+(where M = Ni, Pd and Pt). Of the catalysts studied to date, [CH3Cu2]+and [CH3Pd(phen)]+are best at promoting C–C bond formation (Step 1) as well as being regenerated (Step 2). Preliminary results on the reactions of [C6H5M(phen)]+(M = Ni and Pd) with C6H5CO2CH2CH=CH2and C6H5CO2CH2C6H5are described.
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25
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Zhugralin AR, Kobylianskii IJ, Chen P. Experimental Gas-Phase and in Silico Investigation of β-Methyl Elimination from Cationic Palladium Alkyl Species. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adil R. Zhugralin
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Strasse 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ilia J. Kobylianskii
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Strasse 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Chen
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Strasse 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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26
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O’Hair RAJ, Rijs NJ. Gas phase studies of the Pesci decarboxylation reaction: synthesis, structure, and unimolecular and bimolecular reactivity of organometallic ions. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:329-40. [PMID: 25594228 DOI: 10.1021/ar500377u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: Decarboxylation chemistry has a rich history, and in more recent times, it has been recruited in the quest to develop cheaper, cleaner, and more efficient bond-coupling reactions. Thus, over the past two decades, there has been intense investigation into new metal-catalyzed reactions of carboxylic substrates. Understanding the elementary steps of metal-mediated transformations is at the heart of inventing new reactions and improving the performance of existing ones. Fortunately, during the same time period, there has been a convergence in mass spectrometry (MS) techniques, which allows these catalytic processes to be examined efficiently in the gas phase. Thus, electrospray ionization (ESI) sources have been combined with ion-trap mass spectrometers, which in turn have been modified to either accept radiation from tunable OPO lasers for spectroscopy based structural assignment of ions or to allow the study of ion-molecule reactions (IMR). The resultant "complete" gas-phase chemical laboratories provide a platform to study the elementary steps of metal-catalyzed decarboxylation reactions in exquisite detail. In this Account, we illustrate how the powerful combination of ion trap mass spectrometry experiments and DFT calculations can be systematically used to examine the formation of organometallic ions and their chemical transformations. Specifically, ESI-MS allows the transfer of inorganic carboxylate complexes, [RCO2M(L)n](x), (x = charge) from the condensed to the gas phase. These mass selected ions serve as precursors to organometallic ions [RM(L)n](x) via neutral extrusion of CO2, accessible by slow heating in the ion trap using collision induced dissociation (CID). This approach provides access to an array of organometallic ions with well-defined stoichiometry. In terms of understanding the decarboxylation process, we highlight the role of the metal center (M), the organic group (R), and the auxiliary ligand (L), along with cluster nuclearity, in promoting the formation of the organometallic ion. Where isomeric organometallic ions are generated and normal MS approaches cannot distinguish them, we describe approaches to elucidate the decarboxylation mechanism via determination of their structure. These "unmasked" organometallic ions, [RM(L)n](x), can also be structurally interrogated spectroscopically or via CID. We have thus compared the gas-phase structures and decomposition of several highly reactive and synthetically important organometallic ions for the first time. Perhaps the most significant aspect of this work is the study of bimolecular reactions, which provides experimental information on mechanistically obscure bond-formation and cross-coupling steps and the intrinsic reactivity of ions. We have sought to understand transformations of substrates including acid-base and hydrolysis reactions, along with reactions resulting in C-C bond formation. Our studies also allow a direct comparison of the performance of different metal catalysts in the individual elementary steps associated with protodecarboxylation and decarboxylative alkylation cycles. Electronic structure (DFT and ab initio) and dynamics (RRKM) calculations provide further mechanistic insights into these reactions. The broad implications of this research are that new reactions can be discovered and that the performance of metal catalysts can be evaluated in terms of each of their elementary steps. This has been particularly useful for the study of metal-mediated decarboxylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nicole J. Rijs
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Li J, Khairallah GN, O’Hair RAJ. Dimethylcuprate-Mediated Transformation of Acetate to Dithioacetate. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om501117p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Li
- School
of Chemistry, Bio21
Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry
and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - George N. Khairallah
- School
of Chemistry, Bio21
Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry
and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School
of Chemistry, Bio21
Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry
and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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28
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Li J, Khairallah GN, Steinmetz V, Maitre P, O'Hair RAJ. Copper mediated decyano decarboxylative coupling of cyanoacetate ligands: Pesci versus Lewis acid mechanism. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:9230-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00942a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A combination of gas-phase ion trap multistage mass spectrometry (MSn) experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been used to examine the mechanisms of the sequential decomposition reactions of copper cyanoacetate anions, [(NCCH2CO2)2Cu]−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Li
- School of Chemistry
- University of Melbourne
- Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology
- The University of Melbourne
| | - George N. Khairallah
- School of Chemistry
- University of Melbourne
- Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology
- The University of Melbourne
| | - Vincent Steinmetz
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- UMR8000 CNRS
- Université Paris-Sud
- Orsay
- France
| | - Philippe Maitre
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- UMR8000 CNRS
- Université Paris-Sud
- Orsay
- France
| | - Richard A. J. O'Hair
- School of Chemistry
- University of Melbourne
- Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology
- The University of Melbourne
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29
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Sun H, Jin Z, Quan H, Sun C, Pan Y. Gas phase chemistry of N-benzylbenzamides with silver(i) cations: characterization of benzylsilver cation. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2561-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02355b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzylsilver cations are synthesized in the gas phase from the collisional dissociation of argentinated N-benzylbenzamides, when the carbonyl oxygen nucleophilically attacks an α-hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhi Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Hong Quan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Cuirong Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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30
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Woolley M, Khairallah GN, da Silva G, Donnelly PS, O’Hair RAJ. Direct versus Water-Mediated Protodecarboxylation of Acetic Acid Catalyzed by Group 10 Carboxylates, [(phen)M(O2CCH3)]+. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500493w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Woolley
- School of Chemistry, ‡Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science
and Biotechnology, §ARC Centre of Excellence
for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - George N. Khairallah
- School of Chemistry, ‡Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science
and Biotechnology, §ARC Centre of Excellence
for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- School of Chemistry, ‡Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science
and Biotechnology, §ARC Centre of Excellence
for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Paul S. Donnelly
- School of Chemistry, ‡Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science
and Biotechnology, §ARC Centre of Excellence
for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School of Chemistry, ‡Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science
and Biotechnology, §ARC Centre of Excellence
for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, and ∥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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31
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Kuznetsova OV, Egorochkin AN, Khamaletdinova NM, Domratcheva-Lvova LG. Bond dissociation energies in organometallic systems: substituent effects. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Kuznetsova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russia
| | - Alexey N. Egorochkin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russia
| | - Nadiya M. Khamaletdinova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russia
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32
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Rijs NJ, Yoshikai N, Nakamura E, O’Hair RAJ. Unraveling Organocuprate Complexity: Fundamental Insights into Intrinsic Group Transfer Selectivity in Alkylation Reactions. J Org Chem 2014; 79:1320-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4027325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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33
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Emslie DJ, Chadha P, Price JS. Metal ALD and pulsed CVD: Fundamental reactions and links with solution chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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34
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Woolley MJ, Khairallah GN, da Silva G, Donnelly PS, Yates BF, O’Hair RAJ. Role of the Metal, Ligand, and Alkyl/Aryl Group in the Hydrolysis Reactions of Group 10 Organometallic Cations [(L)M(R)]+. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400358q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Woolley
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Free
Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science
and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - George N. Khairallah
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Free
Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science
and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Paul S. Donnelly
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science
and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Brian F. Yates
- School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75 Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Free
Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science
and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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35
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Al Sharif H, Vikse KL, Khairallah GN, O’Hair RAJ. Catalytic Decarboxylative Coupling of Allyl Acetate: Role of the Metal Centers in the Organometallic Cluster Cations [CH3Cu2]+, [CH3AgCu]+, and [CH3Ag2]+. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400712n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Halah Al Sharif
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry
and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Ministry of Higher Education, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krista L. Vikse
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - George N. Khairallah
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry
and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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36
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Putau A, Wilken M, Koszinowski K. Ionic Aggregates of Lithium Organocuprates. Chemistry 2013; 19:10992-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Khairallah GN, Thum CCL, Lesage D, Tabet JC, O’Hair RAJ. Gas-Phase Formation and Fragmentation Reactions of the Organomagnesates [RMgX2]−. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om3011917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Denis Lesage
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 (UPMC), UMR 7201- FR2769, Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jean-Claude Tabet
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 (UPMC), UMR 7201- FR2769, Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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38
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Khairallah GN, Williams CM, Chow S, O'Hair RAJ. sp–sp3Coupling reactions of alkynylsilver cations, RCCAg2+(R = Me and Ph) with allyliodide. Dalton Trans 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32143b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Vikse K, Khairallah GN, McIndoe JS, O'Hair RAJ. Fixed-charge phosphine ligands to explore gas-phase coinage metal-mediated decarboxylation reactions. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:6440-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32285h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Vikse KL, Khairallah GN, O’Hair RAJ. Gas-Phase Unimolecular Reactions of Pallada- and Nickelalactone Anions. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300741n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krista L. Vikse
- School
of Chemistry and ‡Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne,
Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - George N. Khairallah
- School
of Chemistry and ‡Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne,
Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School
of Chemistry and ‡Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne,
Victoria 3010, Australia
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41
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Koszinowski K, Müller C, Brand H, Fleckenstein JE. β-Hydrogen Elimination of Ionic Butylzinc Complexes. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300698b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Koszinowski
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München,
Germany
| | - Christina Müller
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München,
Germany
| | - Harald Brand
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München,
Germany
| | - Julia E. Fleckenstein
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München,
Germany
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42
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Rijs NJ, Brookes NJ, O'Hair RAJ, Yates BF. Theoretical approaches to estimating homolytic bond dissociation energies of organocopper and organosilver compounds. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:8910-7. [PMID: 22924458 DOI: 10.1021/jp305718z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although organocopper and organosilver compounds are known to decompose by homolytic pathways among others, surprisingly little is known about their bond dissociation energies (BDEs). In order to address this deficiency, the performance of the DFT functionals BLYP, B3LYP, BP86, TPSSTPSS, BHandHLYP, M06L, M06, M06-2X, B97D, and PBEPBE, along with the double hybrids, mPW2-PLYP, B2-PLYP, and the ab initio methods, MP2 and CCSD(T), have been benchmarked against the thermochemistry for the M-C homolytic BDEs (D(0)) of Cu-CH(3) and Ag-CH(3), derived from guided ion beam experiments and CBS limit calculations (D(0)(Cu-CH(3)) = 223 kJ·mol(-1); D(0)(Ag-CH(3)) = 169 kJ·mol(-1)). Of the tested methods, in terms of chemical accuracy, error margin, and computational expense, M06 and BLYP were found to perform best for homolytic dissociation of methylcopper and methylsilver, compared with the CBS limit gold standard. Thus the M06 functional was used to evaluate the M-C homolytic bond dissociation energies of Cu-R and Ag-R, R = Et, Pr, iPr, tBu, allyl, CH(2)Ph, and Ph. It was found that D(0)(Ag-R) was always lower (~50 kJ·mol(-1)) than that of D(0)(Cu-R). The trends in BDE when changing the R ligand reflected the H-R bond energy trends for the alkyl ligands, while for R = allyl, CH(2)Ph, and Ph, some differences in bond energy trends arose. These trends in homolytic bond dissociation energy help rationalize the previously reported (Rijs, N. J.; O'Hair, R. A. J. Organometallics2010, 29, 2282-2291) fragmentation pathways of the organometallate anions, [CH(3)MR](-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Rijs
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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43
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Röhr MIS, Petersen J, Brunet C, Antoine R, Broyer M, Dugourd P, Bonačić-Koutecký V, O'Hair RAJ, Mitrić R. Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Diphenylargentate, [(C6H5)2Ag](.). J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:1197-1201. [PMID: 26288055 DOI: 10.1021/jz300280f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present the structural and optical properties of the isolated diphenylargentate anion, which has been synthesized by multistage mass spectrometry in a quadrupole ion trap. The experimental photodetachment spectrum has been obtained by action spectroscopy. Comparison with quantum chemical calculations of the electronic absorption spectrum allows for a precise characterization of the spectroscopic features, showing that in the low-energy regime, the optical properties of diphenylargentate bear a significant resemblance to those of atomic silver.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I S Röhr
- †Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Petersen
- ‡Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Brunet
- §Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - R Antoine
- §Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - M Broyer
- §Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - P Dugourd
- §Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - V Bonačić-Koutecký
- †Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- ⊥Interdisciplinary Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Split, Meštrovićevo Šetalište 45, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - R A J O'Hair
- #School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - R Mitrić
- ‡Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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44
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Sraj LO, Khairallah GN, da Silva G, O’Hair RAJ. Who Wins: Pesci, Peters, or Deacon? Intrinsic Reactivity Orders for Organocuprate Formation via Ligand Decomposition. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om2011722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka O’Connor Sraj
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute
of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - George N. Khairallah
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute
of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010,
Australia
| | - Richard A. J. O’Hair
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute
of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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45
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Rijs NJ, O'Hair RAJ. Forming trifluoromethylmetallates: competition between decarboxylation and C-F bond activation of group 11 trifluoroacetate complexes, [CF3CO2ML]-. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:3395-406. [PMID: 22310991 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12117d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A combination of gas-phase 3D quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been used to examine the mechanism of thermal decomposition of fluorinated coinage metal carboxylates. The precursor anions, [CF(3)CO(2)MO(2)CCF(3)](-) (M = Cu, Ag and Au), were introduced into the gas-phase via electrospray ionization. Multistage mass spectrometry (MS(n)) experiments were conducted utilizing collision-induced dissociation, yielding a series of trifluoromethylated organometallic species and fluorides via the loss of CO(2), CF(2) or "CF(2)CO(2)". Carboxylate ligand loss was insignificant or absent in all cases. DFT calculations were carried out on a range of potentially competing fragmentation pathways for [CF(3)CO(2)MO(2)CCF(3)](-), [CF(3)CO(2)MCF(3)](-) and [CF(3)CO(2)MF](-). These shed light on possible products and mechanisms for loss of "CF(2)CO(2)", namely, concerted or step-wise loss of CO(2) and CF(2) and a CF(2)CO(2) lactone pathway. The lactone pathway was found to be higher in energy in all cases. In addition, the possibility of forming [CF(3)MCF(3)](-) and [CF(3)MF](-), via decarboxylation is discussed. For the first time the novel fluoride complexes [FMF](-), M = Cu, Ag and Au have been experimentally observed. Finally, the decomposition reactions of [CF(3)CO(2)ML](-) (where L = CF(3) and CF(3)CO(2)) and [CH(3)CO(2)ML](-) (where L = CH(3) and CH(3)CO(2)) are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Rijs
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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46
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Rijs NJ, Yoshikai N, Nakamura E, O’Hair RAJ. Gas-Phase Reactivity of Group 11 Dimethylmetallates with Allyl Iodide. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:2569-80. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2069032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J. Rijs
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology
| | - Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological
Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033,
Japan
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47
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Putau A, Brand H, Koszinowski K. Tetraalkylcuprates(III): formation, association, and intrinsic reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 134:613-22. [PMID: 22129347 DOI: 10.1021/ja209433j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tetraalkylcuprates are prototypical examples of organocopper(III) species, which remained elusive until their recent detection by NMR spectroscopy. In agreement with the NMR studies, the present electrospray ionization mass spectrometric experiments, as well as supporting electrical conductivity measurements, indicate that LiCuMe(2)·LiCN reacts with a series of alkyl halides RX. The resulting Li(+)Me(2)CuR(CN)(-) intermediates then afford the observable Me(3)CuR(-) tetraalkylcuprate anions upon Me/CN exchanges with added MeLi. In contrast, the reactions of LiCuMe(2)·LiCN with neopentyl iodide and various aryl halides give rise to halogen-copper exchanges. Concentration- and solvent-dependent studies suggest that lithium tetraalkylcuprates are not fully dissociated in ethereal solvents, but partly form Li(+)Me(3)CuR(-) contact ion pairs and presumably also triple ions LiMe(6)Cu(2)R(2)(-). According to theoretical calculations, these triple ions consist of two square-planar Me(3)CuR(-) subunits binding to a central Li(+) ion. Upon fragmentation in the gas phase, the mass-selected Me(3)CuR(-) anions undergo reductive elimination, yielding both the cross-coupling products MeR and the homocoupling product Me(2). The branching between these two fragmentation channels markedly depends on the nature of the alkyl substituent R. The triple ions LiMe(6)Cu(2)R(2)(-) (as well as their mixed analogues LiMe(6)Cu(2)R(R')(-)) also afford both cross-coupling and homocoupling products upon fragmentation, but strongly favor the former. On the basis of theoretical calculations, we rationalize this prevalence of cross-coupling by the preferential interaction of the central Li(+) ion of the triple ions with two Me groups of each Me(3)CuR(-) subunit, which thereby effectively blocks the homocoupling channel. Our results thus show how a Li(+) counterion can alter the reactivity of an organocopper species at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksei Putau
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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49
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Cho HG, Andrews L. Infrared Spectra of CH3–MF and Several Fragments Prepared by Methyl Fluoride Reactions with Laser-Ablated Cu, Ag, and Au Atoms. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:10319-27. [DOI: 10.1021/ic2013842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Gook Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Incheon, 119 Academy-ro, Yonsu-gu, Incheon, 406-772, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Lester Andrews
- Department of Chemistry, University of Incheon, 119 Academy-ro, Yonsu-gu, Incheon, 406-772, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
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50
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Putau A, Koszinowski K. Association and Dissociation of Lithium Cyanocuprates in Ethereal Solvents. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200625z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksei Putau
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Konrad Koszinowski
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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