1
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Mendas I, Gastaldi S, Suppo JS. Strategies for Accessing cis-1-Amino-2-Indanol. Molecules 2024; 29:2442. [PMID: 38893318 PMCID: PMC11173559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
cis-1-amino-2-indanol is an important building block in many areas of chemistry. Indeed, this molecule is currently used as skeleton in many ligands (BOX, PyBOX…), catalysts and chiral auxiliaries. Moreover, it has been incorporated in numerous bioactive structures. The major issues during its synthesis are the control of cis-selectivity, for which various strategies have been devised, and the enantioselectivity of the reaction. This review highlights the various methodologies implemented over the last few decades to access cis-1-amino-2-indanol in racemic and enantioselective manners. In addition, the various substitution patterns on the aromatic ring and their preparations are listed.
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2
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Chiral bis(pyrazolyl)methane copper(I) complexes and their application in nitrene transfer reactions. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, chiral bis(pyrazolyl)methane copper(I) acetonitrile complexes were applied to generate two novel terminal copper tosyl nitrene complexes with the nitrene generating agent SPhINTs in dichloromethane at low temperatures. The syntheses of the chiral bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligands are based on pulegone and camphor, members of the natural chiral pool. The chiral copper(I) acetonitrile complexes were applied as catalysts in the copper nitrene mediated aziridination reaction of different styrene derivatives and the C–H amination of various substrates. The reactions afforded good yields, but low enantiomeric excess under mild conditions. The nitrene species have been characterized with UV/Vis and EPR spectroscopy and the products of the decay by ESI mass spectrometry.
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3
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Henry Blackwell J, Harris GR, Smith MA, Gaunt MJ. Modular Photocatalytic Synthesis of α-Trialkyl-α-Tertiary Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:15946-15959. [PMID: 34551248 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Molecules displaying an α-trialkyl-α-tertiary amine motif provide access to an important and versatile area of biologically relevant chemical space but are challenging to access through existing synthetic methods. Here, we report an operationally straightforward, multicomponent protocol for the synthesis of a range of functionally and structurally diverse α-trialkyl-α-tertiary amines, which makes use of three readily available components: dialkyl ketones, benzylamines, and alkenes. The strategy relies on the of use visible-light-mediated photocatalysis with readily available Ir(III) complexes to bring about single-electron reduction of an all-alkyl ketimine species to an α-amino radical intermediate; the α-amino radical undergoes Giese-type addition with a variety of alkenes to forge the α-trialkyl-α-tertiary amine center. The mechanism of this process is believed to proceed through an overall redox neutral pathway that involves photocatalytic redox-relay of the imine, generated from the starting amine-ketone condensation, through to an imine-derived product. This is possible because the presence of a benzylic amine component in the intermediate scaffold drives a 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer step after the Giese addition to form a stable benzylic α-amino radical, which is able to close the photocatalytic cycle. These studies detail the evolution of the reaction platform, an extensive investigation of the substrate scope, and preliminary investigation of some of the mechanistic features of this distinct photocatalytic process. We believe this transformation will provide convenient access to previously unexplored α-trialkyl-α-tertiary amine scaffolds that should be of considerable interest to practitioners of synthetic and medicinal chemistry in academic and industrial institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Henry Blackwell
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Georgia R Harris
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Milo A Smith
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Gaunt
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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4
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Thomas F, Oster M, Schön F, Göbgen KC, Amarouch B, Steden D, Hoffmann A, Herres-Pawlis S. A new generation of terminal copper nitrenes and their application in aromatic C-H amination reactions. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6444-6462. [PMID: 33908532 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00832c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper nitrene complexes are highly reactive species and are known as intermediates in the copper catalyzed C-H amination. In this study, three novel copper tosyl nitrene complexes were synthesized at low temperatures, stabilized with heteroscorpionate ligands of the bis(pyrazolyl)methane family. The copper nitrenes were obtained by the reaction of a copper(i) acetonitrile complex with SPhINTs in dichloromethane. We show that the ligand design has a major influence on the catalytic activity and the thermal stability of the copper nitrene complex. Not only the choice of the third N donor, but also the substituent in the 5-position of the pyrazolyl moiety, have an impact on the stability. Furthermore, the novel copper nitrene complexes were used for catalytic aziridination of styrenes and C-H amination reactions of aromatic and aliphatic substrates under mild reaction conditions. Even challenging substrates like benzene and cyclohexane were aminated with good yields. The copper nitrene complexes were characterized using UV/Vis spectroscopy, low temperature Evans NMR spectroscopy, density functional theory, domain-based local pair natural orbital coupled cluster calculations (DLPNO-CCSD(T)) and cryo-UHR mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Thomas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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5
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Desnoyer AN, Nicolay A, Ziegler MS, Lakshmi KV, Cundari TR, Tilley TD. A Dicopper Nitrenoid by Oxidation of a Cu ICu I Core: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, and Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7135-7143. [PMID: 33877827 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A dicopper nitrenoid complex was prepared by formal oxidative addition of the nitrenoid fragment to a dicopper(I) center by reaction with the iminoiodinane PhINTs (Ts = tosylate). This nitrenoid complex, (DPFN)Cu2(μ-NTs)[NTf2]2 (DPFN = 2,7-bis(fluorodi(2-pyridyl)methyl)-1,8-naphthyridine), is a powerful H atom abstractor that reacts with a range of strong C-H bonds to form a mixed-valence Cu(I)/Cu(II) μ-NHTs amido complex in the first example of a clean H atom transfer to a dicopper nitrenoid core. In line with this reactivity, DFT calculations reveal that the nitrenoid is best described as an iminyl (NR radical anion) complex. The nitrenoid was trapped by the addition of water to form a mixed-donor hydroxo/amido dicopper(II) complex, which was independently obtained by reaction of a Cu2(μ-OH)2 complex with an amine through a protonolysis pathway. This mixed-donor complex is an analogue for the proposed intermediate in copper-catalyzed Chan-Evans-Lam coupling, which proceeds via C-X (X = N or O) bond formation. Treatment of the dicopper(II) mixed donor complex with MgPh2(THF)2 resulted in generation of a mixture that includes both phenol and a previously reported dicopper(I) bridging phenyl complex, illustrating that both reduction of dicopper(II) to dicopper(I) and concomitant C-X bond formation are feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addison N Desnoyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Amélie Nicolay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Micah S Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - K V Lakshmi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch '60 Center for Biochemical Solar Energy, Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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6
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Azek E, Khalifa M, Bartholoméüs J, Ernzerhof M, Lebel H. Rhodium(ii)-catalyzed C-H aminations using N-mesyloxycarbamates: reaction pathway and by-product formation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:718-729. [PMID: 30746107 PMCID: PMC6340404 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03153c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
N-Mesyloxycarbamates are practical nitrene precursors that undergo C-H amination reactions in the presence of rhodium dimer catalysts. Under these conditions, both oxazolidinones and chiral amines have been prepared in a highly efficient manner. Given the elevated reactivity of the intermediates involved in the catalytic cycle, mechanistic details have remained hypothetical, relying on indirect experiments. Herein a density functional theory (DFT) study is presented to validate the catalytic cycle of the rhodium-catalyzed C-H amination with N-mesyloxycarbamates. A concerted pathway involving Rh-nitrene species that undergoes C-H insertion is found to be favored over a stepwise C-N bond formation manifold. Density functional calculations and kinetic studies suggest that the rate-limiting step is the C-H insertion process rather than the formation of Rh-nitrene species. In addition, these studies provide mechanistic details about competitive by-product formation, resulting from an intermolecular reaction between the Rh-nitrene species and the N-mesyloxycarbamate anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emna Azek
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal , Québec , Canada H3C3J7 .
| | - Maroua Khalifa
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal , Québec , Canada H3C3J7 .
| | - Johan Bartholoméüs
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal , Québec , Canada H3C3J7 .
| | - Matthias Ernzerhof
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal , Québec , Canada H3C3J7 .
| | - Hélène Lebel
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal , Québec , Canada H3C3J7 .
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7
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Moegling J, Hoffmann A, Thomas F, Orth N, Liebhäuser P, Herber U, Rampmaier R, Stanek J, Fink G, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Herres-Pawlis S. Designed To React: Terminal Copper Nitrenes and Their Application in Catalytic C-H Aminations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9154-9159. [PMID: 29734490 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heteroscorpionate ligands of the bis(pyrazolyl)methane family have been applied in the stabilisation of terminal copper tosyl nitrenes. These species are highly active intermediates in the copper-catalysed direct C-H amination and nitrene transfer. Novel perfluoroalkyl-pyrazolyl- and pyridinyl-containing ligands were synthesized to coordinate to a reactive copper nitrene centre. Four distinct copper tosyl nitrenes were prepared at low temperatures by the reaction with SO2 tBuPhINTs and copper(I) acetonitrile complexes. Their stoichiometric reactivity has been elucidated regarding the imination of phosphines and the aziridination of styrenes. The formation and thermal decay of the copper nitrenes were investigated by UV/Vis spectroscopy of the highly coloured species. Additionally, the compounds were studied by cryo-UHR-ESI mass spectrometry and DFT calculations. In addition, a mild catalytic procedure has been developed where the copper nitrene precursors enable the C-H amination of cyclohexane and toluene and the aziridination of styrenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Moegling
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Thomas
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicole Orth
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patricia Liebhäuser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Herber
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Rampmaier
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Julia Stanek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Fink
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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8
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Moegling J, Hoffmann A, Thomas F, Orth N, Liebhäuser P, Herber U, Rampmaier R, Stanek J, Fink G, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Herres-Pawlis S. Maßgeschneiderte terminale Kupfernitrene für katalytische C-H-Aminierungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Moegling
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Fabian Thomas
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Nicole Orth
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Patricia Liebhäuser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Ulrich Herber
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Robert Rampmaier
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstraße 5-13 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Julia Stanek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Gerhard Fink
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
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9
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Weatherly C, Alderson JM, Berry JF, Hein JE, Schomaker JM. Catalyst-Controlled Nitrene Transfer by Tuning Metal:Ligand Ratios: Insight into the Mechanisms of Chemoselectivity. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cale Weatherly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Juliet M. Alderson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John F. Berry
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jason E. Hein
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Jennifer M. Schomaker
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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10
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Lam TL, Tso KCH, Cao B, Yang C, Chen D, Chang XY, Huang JS, Che CM. Tripodal S-Ligand Complexes of Copper(I) as Catalysts for Alkene Aziridination, Sulfide Sulfimidation, and C–H Amination. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:4253-4257. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Lung Lam
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ken Chi-Hang Tso
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daqing Chen
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yong Chang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie-Sheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen 518053, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Song C, Wang T, Yu T, Cui DM, Zhang C. 2,4-Diamino-1,3,5-triazine-enabled Cu-catalyzed direct sulfonamidation of aromatic C–H bonds. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7212-7217. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01872j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient copper acetate catalyzed sulfonamidation of arenes via C–H bond activation directed by a 2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazine chelating group under oxygen as a terminal oxidant has been developed. The reaction shows good regioselectivity and can be performed with a good yield at the gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - TingTing Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Dong-Mei Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
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12
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Wang D, Zhang R, Deng R, Lin S, Guo S, Yan Z. Copper-Mediated Oxidative Functionalization of C(sp3)–H Bonds with Isoquinolines: Two-Step Synthesis of 5-Oxaprotoberberinones. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11162-11167. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Wang
- College
of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Rongxing Zhang
- College
of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Ruihong Deng
- College
of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Sen Lin
- College
of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Shengmei Guo
- College
of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Zhaohua Yan
- College
of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
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13
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Fei J, Wang Z, Cai Z, Sun H, Cheng X. Synthesis of α-Tertiary Amine Derivatives by Intermolecular Hydroamination of Unfunctionalized Alkenes with Sulfamates under Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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14
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St. Denis JD, Lee CF, Yudin AK. Access to Cyclic Amino Boronates via Rhodium-Catalyzed Functionalization of Alkyl MIDA Boronates. Org Lett 2015; 17:5764-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D. St. Denis
- Davenport Research Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S
3H6, Canada
| | - C. Frank Lee
- Davenport Research Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S
3H6, Canada
| | - Andrei K. Yudin
- Davenport Research Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S
3H6, Canada
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15
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Nozawa-Kumada K, Kadokawa J, Kameyama T, Kondo Y. Copper-Catalyzed sp3 C–H Aminative Cyclization of 2-Alkyl-N-arylbenzamides: An Approach for the Synthesis of N-Aryl-isoindolinones. Org Lett 2015; 17:4479-81. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Nozawa-Kumada
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Jun Kadokawa
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takehiro Kameyama
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kondo
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M. Nicholas
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry Stephenson Life Sciences Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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17
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Hou K, Qi M, Liu J, Bao X, Schaefer HF. Mechanistic Investigations of the AuCl3-Catalyzed Nitrene Insertion into an Aromatic C—H Bond of Mesitylene. J Org Chem 2015; 80:5795-803. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaipeng Hou
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Miao Qi
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jiajun Liu
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaoguang Bao
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center
for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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18
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Abram SL, Monte-Pérez I, Pfaff FF, Farquhar ER, Ray K. Evidence of two-state reactivity in alkane hydroxylation by Lewis-acid bound copper-nitrene complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:9852-4. [PMID: 25025824 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03754e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of the Lewis-acid adducts of two copper-nitrene [Cu(NR)](+) complexes in nitrene-transfer and H-atom abstraction reactions have been demonstrated to depend on the nature of the nitrene substituents. Two-state reactivity, in which a singlet ground state and a nearby triplet excited-state both contribute, provides a useful model for interpreting reactivity trends of the two compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Luise Abram
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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19
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Hou K, Hrovat DA, Bao X. Computational exploration of the mechanism of copper-catalyzed aromatic C–H bond amination of benzene via a nitrene insertion approach. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:15414-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06064h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of aromatic C–H amination of benzene via a nitrene insertion approach catalyzed by the TpBr3Cu(NCMe) complex was computationally investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaipeng Hou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - David A. Hrovat
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling
- University of North Texas
- Denton
- USA
| | - Xiaoguang Bao
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
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20
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Monte-Pérez I, Kundu S, Ray K. An Open-Shell Spin Singlet Copper-Nitrene Intermediate Binding Redox-innocent Metal Ions: Influence of the Lewis Acidity of the Metal Ions on Spectroscopic and Reactivity Properties. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201400389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Zhang X, Xu H, Zhao C. Mechanistic Investigation of Dirhodium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Allylic C–H Amination versus Alkene Aziridination. J Org Chem 2014; 79:9799-811. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5019987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuepeng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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22
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Bagchi V, Paraskevopoulou P, Das P, Chi L, Wang Q, Choudhury A, Mathieson JS, Cronin L, Pardue DB, Cundari TR, Mitrikas G, Sanakis Y, Stavropoulos P. A Versatile Tripodal Cu(I) Reagent for C–N Bond Construction via Nitrene-Transfer Chemistry: Catalytic Perspectives and Mechanistic Insights on C–H Aminations/Amidinations and Olefin Aziridinations. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11362-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ja503869j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Bagchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Patrina Paraskevopoulou
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Purak Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Lingyu Chi
- Department
of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Qiuwen Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Amitava Choudhury
- Department
of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Jennifer S. Mathieson
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Leroy Cronin
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Daniel B. Pardue
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Thomas R. Cundari
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - George Mitrikas
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Physicochemical Processes, Nanotechnology and
Microsystems, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi 15310, Athens, Greece
| | - Yiannis Sanakis
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Physicochemical Processes, Nanotechnology and
Microsystems, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi 15310, Athens, Greece
| | - Pericles Stavropoulos
- Department
of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
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23
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Ma X, Tang Y, Lei M. Bent and planar structures of μ–η2:η2-N2dinuclear early transition metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:11658-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00646a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Tran BL, Li B, Driess M, Hartwig JF. Copper-catalyzed intermolecular amidation and imidation of unactivated alkanes. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2555-63. [PMID: 24405209 PMCID: PMC3985719 DOI: 10.1021/ja411912p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report a set of rare copper-catalyzed reactions of alkanes with simple amides, sulfonamides, and imides (i.e., benzamides, tosylamides, carbamates, and phthalimide) to form the corresponding N-alkyl products. The reactions lead to functionalization at secondary C-H bonds over tertiary C-H bonds and even occur at primary C-H bonds. [(phen)Cu(phth)] (1-phth) and [(phen)Cu(phth)2] (1-phth2), which are potential intermediates in the reaction, have been isolated and fully characterized. The stoichiometric reactions of 1-phth and 1-phth2 with alkanes, alkyl radicals, and radical probes were investigated to elucidate the mechanism of the amidation. The catalytic and stoichiometric reactions require both copper and tBuOOtBu for the generation of N-alkyl product. Neither 1-phth nor 1-phth2 reacted with excess cyclohexane at 100 °C without tBuOOtBu. However, the reactions of 1-phth and 1-phth2 with tBuOOtBu afforded N-cyclohexylphthalimide (Cy-phth), N-methylphthalimide, and tert-butoxycyclohexane (Cy-OtBu) in approximate ratios of 70:20:30, respectively. Reactions with radical traps support the intermediacy of a tert-butoxy radical, which forms an alkyl radical intermediate. The intermediacy of an alkyl radical was evidenced by the catalytic reaction of cyclohexane with benzamide in the presence of CBr4, which formed exclusively bromocyclohexane. Furthermore, stoichiometric reactions of [(phen)Cu(phth)2] with tBuOOtBu and (Ph(Me)2CO)2 at 100 °C without cyclohexane afforded N-methylphthalimide (Me-phth) from β-Me scission of the alkoxy radicals to form a methyl radical. Separate reactions of cyclohexane and d12-cyclohexane with benzamide showed that the turnover-limiting step in the catalytic reaction is the C-H cleavage of cyclohexane by a tert-butoxy radical. These mechanistic data imply that the tert-butoxy radical reacts with the C-H bonds of alkanes, and the subsequent alkyl radical combines with 1-phth2 to form the corresponding N-alkyl imide product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ba L. Tran
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bijie Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department
of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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25
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Zhang X, Wang M, Li P, Wang L. n-Bu4NI/TBHP-catalyzed direct amination of allylic and benzylic C(sp3)–H with anilines under metal-free conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8006-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01189a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An efficient n-Bu4NI/TBHP-catalyzed direct amination of allylic and benzylic C(sp3)–H with anilines under metal-free conditions was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
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26
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Zheng C, You SL. Recent development of direct asymmetric functionalization of inert C–H bonds. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46996d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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27
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Zhang X, Ke Z, DeYonker NJ, Xu H, Li ZF, Xu X, Zhang X, Su CY, Phillips DL, Zhao C. Mechanism and Enantioselectivity of Dirhodium-Catalyzed Intramolecular C–H Amination of Sulfamate. J Org Chem 2013; 78:12460-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo402101h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiting Zhang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Nathan J. DeYonker
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Huiying Xu
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Feng Li
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xianyan Xu
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xuepeng Zhang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Yong Su
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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28
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Olivos Suarez AI, Lyaskovskyy V, Reek JNH, van der Vlugt JI, de Bruin B. Komplexe mit Stickstoffradikalliganden: Einteilung, spektroskopische Eigenschaften, Reaktivität und katalytische Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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29
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Suarez AIO, Lyaskovskyy V, Reek JNH, van der Vlugt JI, de Bruin B. Complexes with Nitrogen-Centered Radical Ligands: Classification, Spectroscopic Features, Reactivity, and Catalytic Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12510-29. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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30
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Roizen JL, Zalatan DN, Bois JD. Selective intermolecular amination of C-H bonds at tertiary carbon centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:11343-6. [PMID: 24000186 PMCID: PMC5483380 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
C-H insertion: A method for intermolecular amination of tertiary CH bonds is described that uses limiting amounts of substrate and a convenient phenol-derived nitrogen source. Structure-selectivity and mechanistic studies suggest that steric interaction between the substrate and active oxidant is the principal determinant of product selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Roizen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 3236 French Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708-0346 (USA)
| | - David N. Zalatan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, CA 94305-5080 (USA),
| | - J. Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, CA 94305-5080 (USA)
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31
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Mazurais M, Lescot C, Retailleau P, Dauban P. A Short Asymmetric Synthesis of Octahydroindole Derivatives by Application of Catalytic C(sp3)-H Amination Reaction. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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32
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Gava R, Biffis A, Tubaro C, Zaccheria F, Ravasio N. Heterogeneous copper-based catalysts for the amidation of activated C H bonds. CATAL COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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33
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Roizen JL, Zalatan DN, Du Bois J. Selective Intermolecular Amination of CH Bonds at Tertiary Carbon Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Guo Z, Guan X, Huang JS, Tsui WM, Lin Z, Che CM. Bis(sulfonylimide)ruthenium(VI) porphyrins: X-ray crystal structure and mechanism of C-H bond amination by density functional theory calculations. Chemistry 2013; 19:11320-31. [PMID: 23818419 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The X-ray crystal structure of [Ru(VI) (NMs)2 (tmp)] (Ms=SO2 - p-MeOC6 H4 ; tmp=5,10,15,20-tetramesitylporphyrinato(2-)), a metal sulfonylimide complex that can undergo alkene aziridination and C-H bond amination reactions, shows a Ru=N distance of 1.79(3) Å and Ru-N-S angle of 162.5(3)°. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the electronic structures of [Ru(VI) (NMs)2 (tmp)] and model complex [Ru(VI) (NMs)2 (por(0) )] (por(0) =unsubstituted porphyrinato(2-)) using the M06L functional gave results in agreement with experimental observations. For the amination of ethylbenzene by the singlet ground state of [Ru(VI) (NMs)2 (por(0))], DFT calculations using the M06L functional revealed an effectively concerted pathway involving rate-limiting hydrogen atom abstraction without a distinct radical rebound step. The substituent effect on the amination reactivity of ethylbenzene by [Ru(VI) (NX)2 (por(0) )] (X=SO2 -p-YC6 H4 with Y=MeO, Me, H, Cl, NO2 ) was examined. Electron-withdrawing Y groups lower the energy of the LUMOs of [Ru(VI) (NX)2 (por(0))], thus facilitating their interaction with the low-lying HOMO of the ethylbenzene C-H bond and hence increasing the reactivity of [Ru(VI) (NX)2 (por(0) )]. DFT calculations on the amination/aziridination reactions of [Ru(VI) (NSO2 C6 H5 )2 (por(0) )] with pent-4-enal, an aldehyde substrate bearing acyl, homoallylic, and allylic C-H bonds and a C=C bond, revealed a lower reaction barrier for the amination of the acyl C-H bond than for both the amination of the other C-H bonds and aziridination of the C=C bond in this substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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35
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Aguila MJB, Badiei YM, Warren TH. Mechanistic Insights into C–H Amination via Dicopper Nitrenes. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9399-406. [DOI: 10.1021/ja400879m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mae Joanne B. Aguila
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington,
D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Yosra M. Badiei
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington,
D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Timothy H. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington,
D.C. 20057, United States
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36
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John A, Byun J, Nicholas KM. Copper-catalyzed Csp2–H amidation of unactivated arenes by N-tosyloxycarbamates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:10965-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc46412a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond T. Gephart
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227,
Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Timothy H. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227,
Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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38
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Lescot C, Darses B, Collet F, Retailleau P, Dauban P. Intermolecular C-H amination of complex molecules: insights into the factors governing the selectivity. J Org Chem 2012; 77:7232-40. [PMID: 22892031 DOI: 10.1021/jo301563j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed C-H amination via nitrene insertion allows the direct transformation of a C-H into a C-N bond. Given the ubiquity of C-H bonds in organic compounds, such a process raises the problem of regio- and chemoselectivity, a challenging goal even more difficult to tackle as the complexity of the substrate increases. Whereas excellent regiocontrol can be achieved by the use of an appropriate tether securing intramolecular addition of the nitrene, the intermolecular C-H amination remains much less predictable. This study aims at addressing this issue by capitalizing on an efficient stereoselective nitrene transfer involving the combination of a chiral aminating agent 1 with a chiral rhodium catalyst 2. Allylic C-H amination of terpenes and enol ethers occurs with excellent yields as well as with high regio-, chemo-, and diastereoselectivity as a result of the combination of steric and electronic factors. Conjugation of allylic C-H bonds with the π-bond would explain the chemoselectivity observed for cyclic substrates. Alkanes used in stoichiometric amounts are also efficiently functionalized with a net preference for tertiary equatorial C-H bonds. The selectivity, in this case, can be rationalized by steric and hyperconjugative effects. This study, therefore, provides useful information to better predict the site of C-H amination of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Lescot
- Centre de Recherche de Gif-sur-Yvette, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 CNRS Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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39
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John A, Nicholas KM. Copper-Mediated Multiple C–H Functionalization of Aromatic N-Heterocycles: Bromoamination of Indoles and Pyrroles. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300553b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex John
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson
Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Kenneth M. Nicholas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson
Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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40
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John A, Nicholas KM. Palladium Catalyzed C–H Functionalization of O-Arylcarbamates: Selective ortho-Bromination Using NBS. J Org Chem 2012; 77:5600-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300713h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex John
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Kenneth M. Nicholas
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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41
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Gephart RT, Huang DL, Aguila MJB, Schmidt G, Shahu A, Warren TH. Catalytic CH Amination with Aromatic Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:6488-92. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Gephart RT, Huang DL, Aguila MJB, Schmidt G, Shahu A, Warren TH. Catalytic CH Amination with Aromatic Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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43
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Tauchert ME, Incarvito CD, Rheingold AL, Bergman RG, Ellman JA. Mechanism of the rhodium(III)-catalyzed arylation of imines via C-H bond functionalization: inhibition by substrate. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:1482-5. [PMID: 22257031 DOI: 10.1021/ja211110h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rh(III)-catalyzed arylation of imines provides a new method for C-C bond formation while simultaneously introducing an α-branched amine as a functional group. This detailed mechanistic study provides insights for the rational future development of this new reaction. Relevant intermediate Rh(III) complexes have been isolated and characterized, and their reactivities in stoichiometric reactions with relevant substrates have been monitored. The reaction was found to be first order in the catalyst resting state and inverse first order in the C-H activation substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Tauchert
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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Alkane Catalytic Functionalization by Carbene or Nitrene Insertion Reactions. CATALYSIS BY METAL COMPLEXES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-3698-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Harvey ME, Musaev DG, Du Bois J. A diruthenium catalyst for selective, intramolecular allylic C-H amination: reaction development and mechanistic insight gained through experiment and theory. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:17207-16. [PMID: 21981699 DOI: 10.1021/ja203576p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The mixed-valent paddlewheel complex tetrakis(2-oxypyridinato)diruthenium(II,III) chloride, [Ru(2)(hp)(4)Cl], catalyzes intramolecular allylic C-H amination with bis(homoallylic) sulfamate esters. These results stand in marked contrast to reactions performed with dirhodium catalysts, which favor aziridine products. The following discussion constitutes the first report of C-H amination using complexes such as [Ru(2)(hp)(4)Cl] and related diruthenium adducts. Computational and experimental studies implicate a mechanism for [Ru(2)(hp)(4)Cl]-promoted C-H amination involving hydrogen-atom abstraction/radical recombination and the intermediacy of a discrete, albeit short-lived, diradical species. The collective data offer a coherent model for understanding the preference of this catalyst to oxidize allylic (and benzylic) C-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Edwin Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, USA
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Wu Q, Hu J, Ren X, Zhou JS. An Efficient, Overall [4+1] Cycloadditon of 1,3-Dienes and Nitrene Precursors. Chemistry 2011; 17:11553-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gerken JB, McAlpin JG, Chen JYC, Rigsby ML, Casey WH, Britt RD, Stahl SS. Electrochemical Water Oxidation with Cobalt-Based Electrocatalysts from pH 0–14: The Thermodynamic Basis for Catalyst Structure, Stability, and Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:14431-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ja205647m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 611] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James B. Gerken
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| | - J. Gregory McAlpin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-0935, United States
| | - Jamie Y. C. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| | - Matthew L. Rigsby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| | - William H. Casey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-0935, United States
| | - R. David Britt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-0935, United States
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
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Lyaskovskyy V, Suarez AIO, Lu H, Jiang H, Zhang XP, de Bruin B. Mechanism of Cobalt(II) Porphyrin-Catalyzed C–H Amination with Organic Azides: Radical Nature and H-Atom Abstraction Ability of the Key Cobalt(III)–Nitrene Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12264-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ja204800a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Lyaskovskyy
- Van ′t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alma I. Olivos Suarez
- Van ′t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hongjian Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, United States
| | - Huiling Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, United States
| | - X. Peter Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, United States
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van ′t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Collet F, Lescot C, Dauban P. Catalytic C-H amination: the stereoselectivity issue. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:1926-36. [PMID: 21234469 DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00095g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 519] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic C-H amination has recently emerged as a unique tool for the synthesis of amines. This tutorial review highlights the existing protocols catalyzed by metal complexes (rhodium, copper, ruthenium, manganese and palladium) allowing diastereo- and enantioselective C-H amination. Substrate-, catalyst- and reagent-controlled methodologies are detailed. They involve either catalytic nitrene C-H insertion or C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Collet
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 CNRS, Centre de Recherches de Gif, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Radicals in transition metal catalyzed reactions? transition metal catalyzed radical reactions?: a fruitful interplay anyway: part 3: catalysis by group 10 and 11 elements and bimetallic catalysis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 320:323-451. [PMID: 22143611 DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the current status of transition metal catalyzed reactions involving radical intermediates in organic chemistry. This part focuses on radical-based methods catalyzed by group 10 and group 11 metal complexes. Reductive and redox-neutral C-C bond formations catalyzed by low-valent metal complexes as well as catalytic oxidative methods are reviewed. Catalytic processes which rely on the combination of two metal complexes are also covered.
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