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Sugamata K, Asakawa T, Minoura M. Reactivity of a Linear 2-Germapropadiene with Acids, Ketones, and Amines. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400262. [PMID: 38647108 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The reactivity of an isolable 2-germapropadiene with acids, ketones, and amines was investigated. The reactions of 2-germapropagiene 1 with hydrogen chloride and acetic acid afforded the corresponding dichlorogermane (2) and diacetoxygermane (3), respectively, indicating that the central germanium atom of 1 is electrophilic. The reaction of 1 with benzaldehyde proceeds via a formal [2+2] cycloaddition to afford the corresponding spiro compound (4). Moreover, 1 reacts smoothly with acetone to furnish germane 5, which contains a six-membered ring involving two acetone molecules. Furthermore, 1 undergoes N-H bond insertion with methylamine or aniline to afford diamino germanes 7 and 8, respectively. The reaction of 1 with urea selectively afforded the corresponding N-H-insertion product (8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Koh Sugamata
- College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 171-8501, Japan
| | - Teppei Asakawa
- College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 171-8501, Japan
| | - Mao Minoura
- College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 171-8501, Japan
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2
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Sarkar D, Dutta S, Hanusch F, Koley D, Inoue S. Synthesis and reactivity of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-supported heavier nitrile ylides. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2391-2397. [PMID: 38362429 PMCID: PMC10866356 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06430a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and isolation of stable heavier analogues of nitrile ylide as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) adducts of phosphasilenyl-tetrylene [(NHC)(TerAr)Si(H)PE14(TerAr)] (E14 = Ge 1, Sn 2; TerAr = 2,6-Mes2C6H3, NHC = IMe4) are reported. The delocalized Si-P-E14 π-conjugation was examined experimentally and computationally. Interestingly, the germanium derivative 1 exhibits a 1,3-dipolar nature, leading to an unprecedented [3 + 2] cycloaddition with benzaldehyde, resulting in unique heterocycles containing four heteroatoms from group 14, 15, and 16. Further exploiting the nucleophilicity of germanium, activation of the P-P bond of P4 was achieved, leading to a [(NHC)(phosphasilenyl germapolyphide)] complex. Moreover, the [3 + 2] cycloaddition and the σ-bond activation by 1 resemble the characteristics of the classic nitrile ylide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debotra Sarkar
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741 246 India
| | - Franziska Hanusch
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741 246 India
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
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3
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Evans MJ, Burke FM, Chapple PM, Fulton JR. Synthesis and Reactivity of Acyclic Germanimines: Silyl Rearrangement and Cycloadditions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8293-8303. [PMID: 33988988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of aromatic germanimines [(HMDS)2Ge═NAr] (Ar = Ph, Mes, Dipp; Mes = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2, Dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) and an investigation into their associated reactivity. [(HMDS)2Ge═NPh] decomposes above -30 °C, while [(HMDS)2Ge═NDipp] engages in an intramolecular reaction at 60 °C. [(HMDS)2Ge═NMes] was shown to rearrange via a 1,3-silyl migration to give [(HMDS){(SiMe3)(Mes)N}Ge(NSiMe3)] in a 1:7 equilibrium mixture at room temperature. These latter germanimines react with unsaturated polar substrates such as CO2, ketones, and arylisocyanate via a [2 + 2] cycloaddition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Evans
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Finlay M Burke
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Peter M Chapple
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - J Robin Fulton
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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4
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Li M, Shih T, Li Y, Ma J, Su M. A Model Study on Molecular Properties and Mechanistic Investigations of P=C=E
14
Molecules. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐Chung Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, http://www.ncyu.edu.tw/chem/content.aspx?site_content_sn=5059
| | - Tsung‐Wei Shih
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, http://www.ncyu.edu.tw/chem/content.aspx?site_content_sn=5059
| | - Yu‐Chi Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, http://www.ncyu.edu.tw/chem/content.aspx?site_content_sn=5059
| | - Jia‐Ying Ma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, http://www.ncyu.edu.tw/chem/content.aspx?site_content_sn=5059
| | - Ming‐Der Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, http://www.ncyu.edu.tw/chem/content.aspx?site_content_sn=5059
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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5
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Allen AD, Tidwell TT. Structure and Mechanism in Ketene Chemistry. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800256-8.00004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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6
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Liu PH, Chuang FJ, Tu CY, Hu CH, Lin TW, Wang YT, Lin CH, Datta A, Huang JH. Aluminum complexes incorporating symmetrical and asymmetrical tridentate pincer type pyrrolyl ligands: synthesis, characterization and reactivity study. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:13754-64. [PMID: 23907274 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51133b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of aluminum complexes incorporating substituted symmetrical and asymmetrical tridentate pyrrolyl ligands are synthesized conveniently and the treatment of the derivatives with small organic molecules are analyzed. The reaction of lithiated [C4H2NH(2-CH2NH(t)Bu)(5-CH2NR1R2)], where for 1, R1 = R2 = Me; 2, R1 = H, R2 = (t)Bu, with AlCl3 in diethyl ether affords Al[C4H2N(2-CH2NH(t)Bu)(5-CH2NMe2)]Cl2 (3) and Al[C4H2N(2,5-CH2NH(t)Bu)2]Cl2 (4), respectively, in high yields. Furthermore, subjecting 3 and 4 to reaction with one equiv. of LiNMePh in diethyl ether generates Al[C4H2N(2-CH2NH(t)Bu)(5-CH2NMe2)][NMePh]Cl (5) and Al[C4H2N(2,5-CH2NH(t)Bu)2][NMePh]Cl (6), respectively, while eliminating one equiv. of LiCl. The reaction between compound 4 with two equiv. of LiO-Ph-4-Me in diethyl ether yields the aluminum di-phenoxide compound Al[C4H2N(2,5-CH2NH(t)Bu)2](O-Ph-4-Me)2 (7) whereas the combination of 3 and two equiv. of LiNH(t)Bu, produces Al[C4H2N(2-CH2N(t)Bu)(5-CH2NMe2)](NH(t)Bu)(NH2(t)Bu) (8). Additionally, the mixing of 1 and one equiv. of AlMe3 renders Al[C4H2N(2-CH2NH(t)Bu)(5-CH2NMe2)]Me2 (9). Adding one more equiv. of AlMe3 with 9 affords {Al[C4H2N(2-CH2NH(t)Bu)(5-CH2NMe2)AlMe3]Me2} (10), which can also be obtained by treating 1 with two equiv. of AlMe3 directly. The treatment of 9 with one equiv. of 2,6-dimethylphenol in diethyl ether gives the aluminum alkoxide derivative, Al[C4H2N(2-CH2NH(t)Bu)(5-CH2NMe2)](O-C6H3-2,6-Me2)Me (11). Furthermore, the reaction between 9 and one equiv. of 1-ethyl-1-phenyl ketene, initiates the aluminum dimethyl complex Al{C4H2N[2-CH2CEtPh-C(=O)-NH(t)Bu](5-CH2NMe2)}Me2 (12) with a C-N bond breakage and a C-C bond formation. All the Al-derivatives are characterized by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and the molecular structures are determined by single crystal X-ray diffractometry in solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hsin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50058, Taiwan
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Yang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Cechao Foo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Hong-Wei Xi
- Division of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, School
of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Kok Hwa Lim
- Division of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, School
of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore
| | - Cheuk-Wai So
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
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8
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Ghereg D, Ouhsaine F, Escudié J, Labat S, André E, Miqueu K, Sotiropoulos JM, Gornitzka H, Saffon N. Versatile Reactivity of Phosphagermaallene Tip( t-Bu)Ge═C═PMes* with α-Ethylenic Esters. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om301224t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dumitru Ghereg
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062
Toulouse, France, and CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Fatima Ouhsaine
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062
Toulouse, France, and CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Jean Escudié
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062
Toulouse, France, and CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Stéphane Labat
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques
et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux,
UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau
Cedex 09, France
| | - Erwan André
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques
et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux,
UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau
Cedex 09, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques
et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux,
UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau
Cedex 09, France
| | - Jean-Marc Sotiropoulos
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques
et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux,
UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau
Cedex 09, France
| | - Heinz Gornitzka
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 Route de Narbonne, BP
44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Nathalie Saffon
- Structure Fédérative
Toulousaine en Chimie Moléculaire, FR 2599, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse
Cedex 09, France
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