1
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Khalladi A, Kovalski E, Abdulmalic MA, Rüffer T, Yuan Q, Naïli H, Korb M, Lang H. Ferrocenyl-based di- and trinuclear lanthanide complexes: solid state structures, (spectro)electrochemical and DFT studies. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17717-17730. [PMID: 38010135 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00812f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Dinuclear and trinuclear ferrocenylcarboxylato-bridged lanthanide complexes of type [Ln(μO:κ2OO'-O2CFc)(O2CFc)2(H2O)(dmf)]2·(dmf)2 (Ln = Sm (2), Eu (3), Gd (4), Tb (5); Fc = Fe(η5-C5H4)(η5-C5H5)), and novel [Bu4N][Ln3(μ-O2CFc)3(μO:κ2OO'-O2CFc)3(O2CFc)3(μ3-OH)]·[Bu4N]Cl (Ln = Gd (6), Tb (7)) were prepared by the reaction of [LnCl3·6H2O] (synthesis of 2-5) or LnCl3 (synthesis of 6, 7) with FcCO2H (1) in the ratio of 1 : 3. As evidenced by single crystal X-ray structure determination, in 2-5 the lanthanide ions are connected by symmetric FcCO2 units. In addition, two ferrocenylcarboxylato groups are μ-bridged to LnIII. Each LnIII ion is coordinated by nine oxygen donor atoms derived from one H2O, one dmf and three carboxylates. The latter are found in chelating κ2 and bridging μ,κ3 coordination modes. Complexes 6 and 7 assemble three LnIII cores around a central μ3-netting hydroxide and nine FcCO2 entities. A combination of κ2, μ,κ2 and μ,κ3 coordination modes results in an eight-fold coordination sphere for each metal, which is best described as bicapped trigonal prismatic. IR spectroscopy confirms the chelating and bridging motifs. Electrochemical studies of complexes 2-7via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV) showed one redox event between E°' = 250 and 260 mV vs. FcH/FcH+ for 2-5 with all six FcCO2 redox events superimposed. Complexes 6 and 7 show a total of three events in the CV with the oxidations of the nine FcCO2 units occurring in close proximity. Deconvolution of individual redox events correlates well with the mononuclear complex [Bu4N][Gd(O2CFc)4]. UV-Vis/NIR spectroelectrochemical measurements of 7 did not reveal electron transfer between either Fc units, nor the coordinated lanthanides and resembled the absorption behavior of [Bu4N][Tb(O2CFc)4]. DFT (Density Functional Theory) calculations on the B3LYP def2-TZVP level of theory were carried out to assign the order of redox events in 6 showing that the spatial distance towards the most recent redox center, instead of the binding mode, is decisive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Khalladi
- Technische Universität, Research Centre for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Research Group Organometallic Chemistry, Rosenbergstraße 6, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Eduard Kovalski
- Technische Universität, Research Centre for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Research Group Organometallic Chemistry, Rosenbergstraße 6, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Mohammad A Abdulmalic
- Technische Universität, Research Centre for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Research Group Organometallic Chemistry, Rosenbergstraße 6, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Qing Yuan
- Technische Universität, Research Centre for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Research Group Organometallic Chemistry, Rosenbergstraße 6, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - H Naïli
- University of Sfax, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Solid State Physico-Chemistry Laboratory, PB 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Marcus Korb
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität, Research Centre for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Research Group Organometallic Chemistry, Rosenbergstraße 6, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany.
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2
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Urnezius E, Gushtyuk EI, Huynh BQ, Young BM, Valente EJ. Synthesis and structures of EOM-protected 2,6-bis(diphenylphosphino)-4-methylphenol and its deprotected P-chalcogenides, 2,6-bis(Ph 2P = E)-4-methylphenols (E = O, S, Se). PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2022.2134374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenijus Urnezius
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Bao Q. Huynh
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brytney M. Young
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Edward J. Valente
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
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3
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Biegański P, Kovalski E, Israel N, Dmitrieva E, Trzybiński D, Woźniak K, Vrček V, Godel M, Riganti C, Kopecka J, Lang H, Kowalski K. Electronic Coupling in 1,2,3-Triazole Bridged Ferrocenes and Its Impact on Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Deleterious Activity in Cancer Cells. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9650-9666. [PMID: 35699521 PMCID: PMC9490837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Mixed-valence (MV)
binuclear ferrocenyl compounds have long been
studied as models for testing theories of electron transfer and in
attempts to design molecular-scale electronic devices (e.g., molecular wires). In contrary to that, far less attention has
been paid to MV binuclear ferrocenes as anticancer agents. Herein,
we discuss the synthesis of six 1,2,3-triazole ferrocenyl compounds
for combined (spectro)electrochemical, electron paramagnetic resonance
(EPR), computational, and anticancer activity studies. Our synthetic
approach was based on the copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar azide–alkyne
cycloaddition reaction and enabled us to obtain in one step compounds
bearing either one, two, or three ferrocenyl entities linked to the
common 1,2,3-triazole core. Thus, two series of complexes were obtained,
which pertain to derivatives of 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine
(AZT) and 3-azidopropionylferrocene, respectively. Based on the experimental
and theoretical data, the two mono-oxidized species corresponding
to binuclear AZT and trinuclear 3-azidopropionylferrocene complexes
have been categorized as class II mixed-valence according to the classification
proposed by Robin and Day. Of importance is the observation that these
two compounds are more active against human A549 and H1975 non-small-cell
lung cancer cells than their congeners, which do not show MV characteristics.
Moreover, the anticancer activity of MV species competes or surpasses,
dependent on the cell line, the activity of reference anticancer drugs
such as cisplatin, tamoxifen, and 5-fluorouracil. The most active
from the entire series of compounds was the binuclear thymidine derivative
with the lowest IC50 value of 5 ± 2 μM against
lung H1975 cancer cells. The major mechanism of antiproliferative
activity for the investigated MV compounds is based on reactive oxygen
species generation in cancer cells. This hypothesis was substantiated
by EPR spin-trapping experiments and the observation of decreased
anticancer activity in the presence of N-acetyl cysteine
(NAC) free-radical scavenger. The
1,2,3-triazole bridged bi- and triferrocenyl compounds
were prepared via a “click” reaction.
Their corresponding mono-oxidized forms have been categorized as class
II MV species. The biferrocenyl thymidine derivative showed remarkable
anticancer activity against human A549 and H1975 cancer cells and
negligible activity against nonmalignant human BEAS-2B cells. The
anticancer activity mechanism is mainly due to ROS generation, and
it originates from the combination of electronic coupling and the
thymidine moiety, combined all together in one molecular scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Biegański
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
| | - Eduard Kovalski
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Noel Israel
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Damian Trzybiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Valerije Vrček
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Godel
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany.,MAIN Research Center, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Rosenbergstraße 6, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Konrad Kowalski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
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4
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Mahrholdt J, Kovalski E, Noll J, Vrček V, Lang H. Synthesis and Electrochemical Behavior of Metal Carbonyl Isocyanoferrocene Compounds [M(CO)
6‐n
(C≡NFc)
n
] (M=Cr, Mo, W; n=1, 2, 3). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Mahrholdt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry D-09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Eduard Kovalski
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry D-09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Julian Noll
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry D-09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Valerije Vrček
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry D-09107 Chemnitz Germany
- MAIN Research Center, Rosenbergstraße 6 09126 Chemnitz Germany
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5
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Lang H, Mahrholdt J, Rüffer T, Kovalski E, Vrček V. Synthesis and Electrochemical Behavior of Ferrocenyl β‐Ketoamines FcC(O)CH=C(NH(C6H4‐4‐R‘)R. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich Lang
- der TU Chemnitz Institut f�r Chemie Stra�e der Nationen 62Lehrstuhl Anorganische Chemie 9111 Chemnitz GERMANY
| | - Julia Mahrholdt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz: Technische Universitat Chemnitz Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Technische Universität Chemnitz: Technische Universitat Chemnitz Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Eduard Kovalski
- TU Chemnitz: Technische Universitat Chemnitz Anorganische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Valerije Vrček
- University of Zagreb: Sveuciliste u Zagrebu Organic Chemistry CROATIA
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6
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Abstract
Metal-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization reactions of alkynes, i.e., the addition of Y–H units (Y = heteroatom or carbon) across the carbon–carbon triple bond, have attracted enormous attention for decades since they allow the straightforward and atom-economic access to a wide variety of functionalized olefins and, in its intramolecular version, to relevant heterocyclic and carbocyclic compounds. Despite conjugated 1,3-diynes being considered key building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry, this particular class of alkynes has been much less employed in hydrofunctionalization reactions when compared to terminal or internal monoynes. The presence of two C≡C bonds in conjugated 1,3-diynes adds to the classical regio- and stereocontrol issues associated with the alkyne hydrofunctionalization processes’ other problems, such as the possibility to undergo 1,2-, 3,4-, or 1,4-monoadditions as well as double addition reactions, thus increasing the number of potential products that can be formed. In this review article, metal-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization reactions of these challenging substrates are comprehensively discussed.
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7
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Korb M, Liu X, Walz S, Mahrholdt J, Popov AA, Lang H. Structural Variety of Iron Carbonyl Clusters Featuring Ferrocenylphosphines. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Korb
- School of Molecular Sciences 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Xianming Liu
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Sebastian Walz
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Julia Mahrholdt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Alexey A. Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden) Helmholtzstrasse 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
- Center for Materials Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN) Rosenbergstr. 6 09126 Chemnitz Germany
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8
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Mahrholdt J, Kovalski E, Korb M, Hildebrandt A, Vrček V, Lang H. Ferrocene‐Fused Acenequinones: Synthesis, Structure and Reaction Chemistry. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Mahrholdt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Eduard Kovalski
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- The University of Western Australia Faculty of Science, School of Molecular Science 6009 Perth Australia
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Valerije Vrček
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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9
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Mahrholdt J, Rüffer T, Lang H. Synthesis and Electrochemical Studies of Ruthenium(II) Dicarbonyl Bis(ferrocenyl‐β‐diketonates). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Mahrholdt
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Technische Universität Chemnitz 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Technische Universität Chemnitz 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Technische Universität Chemnitz 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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10
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Lehrich SW, Mahrholdt J, Korb M, Hildebrandt A, Swarts JC, Lang H. Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemistry of Diferrocenyl β-Diketones, -Diketonates, and Pyrazoles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194476. [PMID: 33003450 PMCID: PMC7583057 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of FcC(O)CH(R)C(O)Fc (Fc = Fe(η5-C5H4)(η5-C5H5); R = H, 5; nBu, 7; CH2CH2(OCH2CH2)2OMe, 9), [M(κ2O,O′-FcC(O)CHC(O)Fc)n] (M = Ti, n = 3, 10; M = Fe, n = 3, 11; M = BF2, n = 1, 12), and 1-R′-3,5-Fc2-cC3HN2 (R′ = H, 13; Me, 14; Ph, 15) is discussed. The solid-state structures of 5, 7, 9, 12, 13, 15, and 16 ([TiCl2(κ2O,O′-PhC(O)CHC(O)Ph)2]) show that 7 and 9 exist in their β-diketo form. Compound 13 crystallizes as a tetramer based on a hydrogen bond pattern, including one central water molecule. The electrochemical behavior of 5–7 and 9–16 was studied by cyclic and square-wave voltammetry, showing that the ferrocenyls can separately be oxidized reversibly between −50 and 750 mV (5–7, 9, 12–15: two Fc-related events; 10, 11: six events, being partially superimposed). For complex 10, Ti-centered reversible redox processes appear at −985 (TiII/TiIII) and −520 mV (TiIII/TiIV). Spectro-electrochemical UV-Vis/NIR measurements were carried out on 5, 6, and 12, whereby only 12 showed an IVCT (intervalence charge-transfer) band of considerable strength (νmax = 6250 cm−1, Δν½ = 4725 cm−1, εmax = 240 L·mol−1·cm−1), due to the rigid C3O2B cycle, enlarging the coupling strength between the Fc groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve W. Lehrich
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (S.W.L.); (J.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Julia Mahrholdt
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (S.W.L.); (J.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Marcus Korb
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (S.W.L.); (J.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Jannie C. Swarts
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa;
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (S.W.L.); (J.M.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +49-(0)371-531-21210
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11
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Korb M, Schaarschmidt D, Grumbt M, König M, Lang H. Evaluation of the Transferability of the “Flexible Steric Bulk” Concept from N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes to Planar‐Chiral Phosphinoferrocenes and their Electronic Modification. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Dieter Schaarschmidt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Martin Grumbt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Matthias König
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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12
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Korb M, Liu X, Walz S, Rosenkranz M, Dmitrieva E, Popov AA, Lang H. (Electrochemical) Properties and Computational Investigations of Ferrocenyl-substituted Fe 3(μ 3-PFc) 2(CO) 9 and Co 4(μ 4-PFc) 2(CO) 9 Clusters and Their Reduced Species. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6147-6160. [PMID: 32323982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The formation of ferrocenyl-functionalized iron and cobalt carbonyl clusters is reported, based on a reaction of FcPCl2 (3) (Fc = Fe(η5-C5H5)(η5-C5H4)) with Fe2(CO)9 and Co2(CO)8, respectively. Therein, nido-Fe3(CO)9(μ3-PFc)2 (4) and nido-Co4(CO)10(μ3-PFc)2 (5) clusters were obtained as the first diferrocenyl-substituted carbonyl clusters with a symmetrical cluster core. Cluster 4 shows two reversible one-electron processes within the anodic region, based on Fc/Fc+ redox events, as well as two processes in the cathodic region. In situ IR and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements of all electronic states confirmed an Fc-based oxidation and a core-based reduction. On the basis of the results of a single-crystal X-ray analysis of structures of 4 and 5, computational studies of the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies, the spin density, quantum theory of atom-in-molecule delocalization indices, and the atomic charges were performed to explain the experimental results. The latter revealed a reorganization of the cluster core upon reduction and the existence of weak P···P interactions in 4 and 5. Ferrocenyl-related redox processes, occurring reversibly in case of 4, were absent for 5, due to a different distribution of the HOMO energies. EPR measurements furthermore confirmed the core-based radical anion and the formation of a decomposition product at potentials lower than [M]2- (M = Fe, Co).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Korb
- Faculty of Sciences, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009 Crawley, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Xianming Liu
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Walz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany.,Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Rosenbergstr. 6, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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13
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Preuß A, Notz S, Kovalski E, Korb M, Blaudeck T, Hu X, Schuster J, Miesel D, Rüffer T, Hildebrandt A, Schreiter K, Spange S, Schulz SE, Lang H. Ferrocenyl-Pyrenes, Ferrocenyl-9,10-Phenanthrenediones, and Ferrocenyl-9,10-Dimethoxyphenanthrenes: Charge-Transfer Studies and SWCNT Functionalization. Chemistry 2020; 26:2635-2652. [PMID: 31650632 PMCID: PMC7064959 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of 1-Fc- (3), 1-Br-6-Fc- (5 a), 2-Br-7-Fc- (7 a), 1,6-Fc2 - (5 b), 2,7-Fc2 -pyrene (7 b), 3,6-Fc2 -9,10-phenanthrenedione (10), and 3,6-Fc2 -9,10-dimethoxyphenanthrene (12; Fc=Fe(η5 -C5 H4 )(η5 -C5 H5 )) is discussed. Of these compounds, 10 and 12 form 1D or 2D coordination polymers in the solid state. (Spectro)Electrochemical studies confirmed reversible Fc/Fc+ redox events between -130 and 160 mV. 1,6- and 2,7-Substitution in 5 a (E°'=-130 mV) and 7 a (E°'=50 mV) influences the redox potentials, whereas the ones of 5 b and 7 b (E°'=20 mV) are independent. Compounds 5 b, 7 b, 10, and 12 show single Fc oxidation processes with redox splittings between 70 and 100 mV. UV/Vis/NIR spectroelectrochemistry confirmed a weak electron transfer between FeII /FeIII in mixed-valent [5 b]+ and [12]+ . DFT calculations showed that 5 b non-covalently interacts with the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) sidewalls as proven by, for example, disentangling experiments. In addition, CV studies of the as-obtained dispersions confirmed exohedral attachment of 5 b at the SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Preuß
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Notz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Eduard Kovalski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.,Current address: Faculty of Science, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Thomas Blaudeck
- Center for Microtechnologies (ZfM), Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems (ENAS), Technologie-Campus 3, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Xiao Hu
- Center for Microtechnologies (ZfM), Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems (ENAS), Technologie-Campus 3, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Jörg Schuster
- Center for Microtechnologies (ZfM), Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems (ENAS), Technologie-Campus 3, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Dominique Miesel
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Katja Schreiter
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Stefan Spange
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Stefan E Schulz
- Center for Microtechnologies (ZfM), Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems (ENAS), Technologie-Campus 3, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
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14
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Speck JM, Korb M, Hildebrandt A, Lang H. Synthesis and Electrochemical Investigations of [Ru(η
5
‐Ferrocenyl‐Thiophene)(η
5
‐C
5
R
5
)]
+
Sandwich Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Matthäus Speck
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- University of Western Australia School of Molecular Sciences, M310 6009 Perth WA Australia
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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15
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[4+2] versus [2+2] Homodimerization in P(V) Derivatives of 2,4-Disubstituted Phospholes. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/2596405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphole P(V) derivatives are interesting building blocks for various applications from ligand synthesis to material sciences. We herein describe the preparation and characterisation of new 2,4-disubstituted oxo-, thiooxo-, and selenooxophospholes. The nature of the substituents on the phosphole ring determines the reactivity of these compounds towards homodimerization reactions. Aryl and trimethylsilyl substituted oxophospholes undergo selective [4+2] dimerization, whereas, for thiooxo- and selenooxophospholes, light-induced, selective [2+2] head-to-head dimerization occurs in the case of aryl substituents. DFT calculations provide some insights on these differences in reactivity.
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16
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Preuß A, Korb M, Miesel D, Rüffer T, Hildebrandt A, Lang H. Ferrocenyl naphthalenes: substituent- and substitution pattern-depending charge transfer studies. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14418-14432. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03216a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterisation of a series of ferrocenyl-functionalized naphthalenes is reported, whereby the electrochemical behaviour and charge transfer properties depend on the substitution pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Preuß
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Dominique Miesel
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
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17
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Muraoka H, Ozawa K, Ogawa S. Electrochemical studies of the multi-step multi-electron redox process of tetraferrocenyloligothiophenes with electron donor and acceptor abilities. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Muraoka
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Iwate University; Morioka Iwate Japan
| | - Kouhei Ozawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Iwate University; Morioka Iwate Japan
| | - Satoshi Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Iwate University; Morioka Iwate Japan
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18
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Speck JM, Korb M, Hildebrandt A, Lang H. Ferrocenyl‐Functionalized η
5
‐Thiophene Cr(CO)
3
Half‐Sandwich Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Matthäus Speck
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Technische Universität Chemnitz 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Technische Universität Chemnitz 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Technische Universität Chemnitz 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Technische Universität Chemnitz 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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19
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Miesel D, Korb M, Hildebrandt A, Lang H. Synthesis and crystal structure of an acetylenic ferrocenyl substituted phosphaalkene. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Lang H. Organometallic π-tweezers and 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene as bidentate chelating ligands for the synthesis of heteromultimetallic compounds. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Müller K, Korb M, Koo C, Klingeler R, Miesel D, Hildebrandt A, Rüffer T, Lang H. Tri- (M = Cu II ) and hexanuclear (M = Ni II , Co II ) heterometallic coordination compounds with ferrocene monocarboxylate ligands: Solid-state structures and thermogravimetric, electrochemical and magnetic properties. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Fan Y, Li HM, Zou GD, Zhang X, Pan YL, Cao KK, Zhang ML, Ma PL, Lu HT. Diferrocenes Bridged by a Geminal Diethynylethene Scaffold with Varying Pendant Substituents: Electronic Interactions in Cross-Conjugated System. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fan
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-Min Li
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Zou
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Le Pan
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke-Ke Cao
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Li Zhang
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei-Lin Ma
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ting Lu
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Lehrich SW, Hildebrandt A, Korb M, Lang H. From diferrocenyl-cyclopropenone to diferrocenyl-cyclopropenylium cations and triferrocenylpropenones: An electrochemical study. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Filipczyk G, Hildebrandt A, Rüffer T, Korb M, Lang H. Coordination behavior of (ferrocenylethynyl)diphenylphosphane towards binuclear iron and cobalt carbonyls. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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25
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Vincent KB, Gluyas JBG, Zeng Q, Yufit DS, Howard JAK, Hartl F, Low PJ. Sandwich and half-sandwich metal complexes derived from cross-conjugated 3-methylene-penta-1,4-diynes. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:5522-5531. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04470k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mono-, di- and trimetallic derivatives of the cross-conjugated 3-methylene-penta-1,4-diyne moiety have been prepared, and studied by (spectro)electrochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josef B. G. Gluyas
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Western Australia
- Crawley 6009
- Australia
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Reading
- Reading
- UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | | | | | | | - Paul J. Low
- Department of Chemistry
- Durham University
- Durham
- UK
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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26
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Kowalski K, Szczupak Ł, Saloman S, Steverding D, Jabłoński A, Vrček V, Hildebrandt A, Lang H, Rybarczyk-Pirek A. Cymantrene, Cyrhetrene and Ferrocene Nucleobase Conjugates: Synthesis, Structure, Computational Study, Electrochemistry and Antitrypanosomal Activity. Chempluschem 2016; 82:303-314. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Kowalski
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Łódź; Tamka 12 91403 Łódź Poland
| | - Łukasz Szczupak
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Łódź; Tamka 12 91403 Łódź Poland
| | - Sebastian Saloman
- Technische Universität Chemnitz; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Inorganic Chemistry; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Dietmar Steverding
- Bob Champion Research & Education Building; Norwich Medical School; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ United Kingdom
| | - Artur Jabłoński
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Łódź; Tamka 12 91403 Łódź Poland
| | - Valerije Vrček
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; University of Zagreb; Ante Kovačića 1 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Inorganic Chemistry; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Inorganic Chemistry; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Agnieszka Rybarczyk-Pirek
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Theoretical and Structural Chemistry; University of Łódź; Pomorska 163/165 90236 Łódź Poland
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27
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Filipczyk G, Lehrich SW, Hildebrandt A, Rüffer T, Schaarschmidt D, Korb M, Lang H. Multiferrocenyl Cobalt‐Based Sandwich Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Filipczyk
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Steve W. Lehrich
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Dieter Schaarschmidt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Anorganische Chemie 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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28
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Shameem MA, Esfandiarfard K, Öberg E, Ott S, Orthaber A. Direct, Sequential, and Stereoselective Alkynylation of C,C-Dibromophosphaalkenes. Chemistry 2016; 22:10614-9. [PMID: 27310813 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The first direct alkynylation of C,C-dibromophosphaalkenes by a reaction with sulfonylacetylenes is reported. Alkynylation proceeds selectively in the trans position relative to the P substituent to afford bromoethynylphosphaalkenes. Owing to the absence of transition metals in the procedure, the previously observed conversion of dibromophosphaalkenes into phosphaalkynes through the phosphorus analog of the Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell rearrangement is thus suppressed. The bromoethynylphosphaalkenes can subsequently be converted to C,C-diacetylenic, cross-conjugated phosphaalkenes by following a Sonogashira coupling protocol in good overall yields. By using the newly described method, full control over the stereochemistry at the P=C double bond is achieved. The substrate scope of this reaction is demonstrated for different dibromophosphaalkenes as well as different sulfonylacetylenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Shameem
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratories, Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Keyhan Esfandiarfard
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratories, Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Öberg
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratories, Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sascha Ott
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratories, Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratories, Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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29
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Gäbler C, Speck JM, Korb M, Schaarschmidt D, Lang H. (Ferrocenylthienyl)phosphines: Synthesis, electrochemistry and their use in Suzuki-Miyaura C,C coupling. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Shameem MA, Orthaber A. Organophosphorus Compounds in Organic Electronics. Chemistry 2016; 22:10718-35. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Anwar Shameem
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories; Uppsala University; Box 523 75120 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories; Uppsala University; Box 523 75120 Uppsala Sweden
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31
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32
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Chandra S, Gäbler C, Schliebe C, Lang H, Bahadur D. Fabrication of a label-free electrochemical immunosensor using a redox active ferrocenyl dendrimer. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00830e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An amperometric immunosensor based on a redox active ferrocenyl end-grafted PAMAM dendrimer provides highly sensitive detection of immunoglobulin, down to 2 ng mL−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Chandra
- Department of Chemistry
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science
- NMIMS University
- Vile Parle (West) Mumbai-400056
- India
| | - Christian Gäbler
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Christian Schliebe
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Dhirendra Bahadur
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Material Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
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33
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Pfaff U, Korb M, Lang H. Crystal structure of 3-ferrocenyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrrole, [Fe(η(5)-C5H4 (c) C4H3 NPh)(η(5)-C5H5)]. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:92-5. [PMID: 26870594 PMCID: PMC4704767 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015024214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The mol-ecular structure of the title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C15H12N)], consists of a ferrocene moiety with an N-phenyl-pyrrole heterocycle bound to one cyclo-penta-dienyl ring. The 1,3-disubstitution of the pyrrole results in an L-shaped arrangement of the mol-ecule with plane inter-sections of 2.78 (17)° between the pyrrole and the N-bonded phenyl ring and of 8.17 (18)° between the pyrrole and the cyclo-penta-dienyl ring. In the crystal, no remarkable inter-molecular inter-actions are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Pfaff
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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34
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Lehrich SW, Hildebrandt A, Korb M, Lang H. Electronic modification of redox active ferrocenyl termini and their influence on the electrontransfer properties of 2,5-diferrocenyl- N -phenyl-1 H -pyrroles. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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35
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Miesel D, Hildebrandt A, Korb M, Schaarschmidt D, Lang H. Transition-Metal Carbonyl Complexes of 2,5-Diferrocenyl-1-phenyl-1H-phosphole. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Miesel
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Dieter Schaarschmidt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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36
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Speck JM, Korb M, Schade A, Spange S, Lang H. Ferrocenes Bridged by Ethylenediamino Thiophene: Varying Charge Transfer Properties in a Series of 3,4-Di-N-substituted 2,5-Diferrocenyl Thiophenes. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Matthäus Speck
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät
für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische
Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät
für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische
Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Alexander Schade
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät
für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Polymerchemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Stefan Spange
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät
für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Polymerchemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät
für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische
Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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37
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Miesel D, Hildebrandt A, Korb M, Wild DA, Low PJ, Lang H. Influence of P‐Bonded Bulky Substituents on Electronic Interactions in Ferrocenyl‐Substituted Phospholes. Chemistry 2015; 21:11545-59. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Miesel
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany), Fax: (+49) 371‐531‐21219
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany), Fax: (+49) 371‐531‐21219
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany), Fax: (+49) 371‐531‐21219
| | - Duncan A. Wild
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009 (Australia)
| | - Paul J. Low
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009 (Australia)
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany), Fax: (+49) 371‐531‐21219
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Strehler F, Korb M, Poppitz EA, Lang H. 1-Cyano-1′-ethynyl-ferrocene: Synthesis and reaction chemistry. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Pfaff U, Hildebrandt A, Korb M, Schaarschmidt D, Rosenkranz M, Popov A, Lang H. Five-Membered Heterocycles as Linking Units in Strongly Coupled Homobimetallic Group 8 Metal Half-Sandwich Complexes. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Pfaff
- Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Dieter Schaarschmidt
- Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Institute
for Solid State Research, Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting
Polymers, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey Popov
- Institute
for Solid State Research, Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting
Polymers, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Institute
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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40
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Jahnke AC, Spulber M, Neuburger M, Palivan CG, Wenger OS. Electronic coupling mediated by furan, thiophene, selenophene and tellurophene in a homologous series of organic mixed valence compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:10883-6. [PMID: 25090374 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03806a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Charge delocalization in the mixed-valent monocationic forms of phenothiazine-decorated chalcogenophenes is explored by cyclic voltammetry, optical absorption and EPR spectroscopy. Single units of furan, thiophene, selenophene and tellurophene are found to mediate electronic coupling between the phenothiazines attached to their 2- and 5-positions roughly equally well. Electronic communication seems to occur mostly through the butadiene-like backbone of the chalcogenophenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Christin Jahnke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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41
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Strehler F, Korb M, Lang H. Crystal structure of ruthenocenecarbo-nitrile. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:398-401. [PMID: 26029400 PMCID: PMC4438815 DOI: 10.1107/s205698901500540x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mol-ecular structure of ruthenocenecarbo-nitrile, [Ru(η(5)-C5H4C N)(η(5)-C5H5)], exhibits point group symmetry m, with the mirror plane bis-ecting the mol-ecule through the C N substituent. The Ru(II) atom is slightly shifted from the η(5)-C5H4 centroid towards the C N substituent. In the crystal, mol-ecules are arranged in columns parallel to [100]. One-dimensional inter-molecular π-π inter-actions [3.363 (3) Å] between the C N carbon atom and one carbon of the cyclo-penta-dienyl ring of the overlaying mol-ecule are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Strehler
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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42
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Gäbler C, Korb M, Schaarschmidt D, Matthäus Speck J, Hildebrandt A, Lang H. (Ferrocenylthienyl)phosphines for the Suzuki–Miyaura C,C coupling. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Kowalski K, Karpowicz R, Mlostoń G, Miesel D, Hildebrandt A, Lang H, Czerwieniec R, Therrien B. Synthesis and (spectro)electrochemistry of mixed-valent diferrocenyl–dihydrothiopyran derivatives. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:6268-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00246j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cationic cyclic diferrocenyl–methane complexes display characteristic IVCT absorptions. These spectral features result from effective “through space” electronic communication between the metal centre in these mixed-valent dimetallic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Kowalski
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Łódź
- PL-91403 Łódź
- Poland
| | - Rafał Karpowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Łódź
- PL-91403 Łódź
- Poland
| | - Grzegorz Mlostoń
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Organic and Applied Chemistry
- University of Łódź
- PL-91403 Łódź
- Poland
| | - Dominique Miesel
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- D-09107 Chemnitz
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- D-09107 Chemnitz
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- D-09107 Chemnitz
| | - Rafał Czerwieniec
- Universität Regensburg
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- D-93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Bruno Therrien
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Neuchatel
- CH-2000 Neuchatel
- Switzerland
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44
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Tanaka Y, Ishisaka T, Koike T, Akita M. Synthesis and properties of diiron complexes with heteroaromatic linkers: An approach for modulation of organometallic molecular wire. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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45
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Santi S, Bisello A, Cardena R, Donoli A. Key multi(ferrocenyl) complexes in the interplay between electronic coupling and electrostatic interaction. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:5234-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03581j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this review, the properties of the most significant examples of multi(ferrocenyl) cations containing a number of ferrocenyl units from two to six are discussed and the results are compared with the outcomes of some of our recent studies on conjugated ferrocenyl complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Santi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Annalisa Bisello
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Roberta Cardena
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
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van der Westhuizen B, Matthäus Speck J, Korb M, Bezuidenhout DI, Lang H. (Spectro)electrochemical investigations on (ferrocenyl)thiophenes modified by tungsten Fischer carbenes. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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47
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Poppitz EA, Hildebrandt A, Korb M, Schaarschmidt D, Lang H. Synthesis, Properties, and Electron Transfer Studies of Ferrocenyl Thiophenes. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201400352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Möbus J, Galstyan A, Feldmann A, Daniliuc CG, Fröhlich R, Strassert CA, Kehr G, Erker G. Preparation of dithienylphospholes by 1,1-carboboration. Chemistry 2014; 20:11883-93. [PMID: 25123406 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study the scope of the 1,1-carboboration reaction was extended to the preparation of mixed heterole-based conjugated π-systems. Two arylbis(alkynyl)phosphane starting materials 2 were synthesized bearing two thiophene isomers at the alkyne units and the bulky tipp-substituent (tipp=2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl) at the phosphorous atom. The bis(thienylethynyl)phosphanes 2 were converted into the corresponding 2,5-thienyl-substituted 3-borylphospholes 4 in a double 1,1-carboboration reaction sequence employing the strongly electrophilic B(C6 F5 )3 reagent under mild reaction conditions. Subsequent Suzuki-Miyaura type cross-coupling yielded the corresponding 3-phenylphospholes 7 in a one-pot procedure from phosphanes 2 in high yields. Phospholes 7 were converted into the respective phosphole oxides 8. A photophysical characterization of derivatives 7 and 8 was carried out. The results presented here demonstrate the suitability of the 1,1-carboboration reaction for the preparation of phosphole-/thiophene-based, light-emitting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juri Möbus
- Organisch-chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster (Germany), Fax: (+49) 251-8336503
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49
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Fabrication of a porphyrin-based electrochemical biosensor for detection of nitric oxide released by cancer cells. J Solid State Electrochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-014-2583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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50
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Chalcogenide derivatives of 1,2,5-triphenyl-1H-phosphole: structure and photophysical properties. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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