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Mao X, Qiu S, Guo R, Dai Y, Zhang J, Kong L, Xie Z. Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene-Iminoboryl Compounds with Three Formal Oxidation States. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10917-10924. [PMID: 38587904 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BN/CC isosterism is an effective strategy to build hybrid functional molecules with unique properties. In contrast to the alkynyl iminium salts derived from cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs) that feature only one reversible reduction wave, the isoelectronic cationic CAAC-iminoboryl adducts could be singly and doubly reduced smoothly. Both the resultant neutral radical and anionic azaborataallenes bear NBC-mixed allenic structures. The former radical has a high spin-density of 0.55e at CCAAC carbon, yet exhibits formal boron-centered radical reactivity. The latter azaborataallenes feature the nucleophilic CCAAC center and polar N(δ-)═B(δ+)═C(δ-) unit, and readily undergo nucleophilic substitution, isocyanide insertion, dipolar addition and cycloaddition reactions etc. The N-substituents have been shown to have a significant influence on the solid-state structure, thermal stability, and reactivity of azaborataallenes. This work showcases the allenic BN-unsaturated species as versatile building blocks in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Mao
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yuyang Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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2
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Wang H. Synthesis, structure and reactivity of iminoborane radicals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3806-3809. [PMID: 38487988 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00720d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and reactivities of iminoborane radicals were reported. Both X-ray analysis and density functional theory calculations revealed that the unpaired electron delocalizes over the N(1)-C(1)-B(1)-N(2) moiety. Radical trap reactions showed that this radical species acts as a boron radical. These reactions also serve as methods for the synthesis of Lewis base-stabilized oxyl-terminated iminoboranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Dongguan Key Laboratory for Data Science and Intelligent Medicine, Great Bay University, Dongguan 523000, China.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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3
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Gupta D, Einholz R, Bettinger HF. Strain induced reactivity of cyclic iminoboranes: the (2 + 2) cycloaddition of a 1 H-1,3,2-diazaborepine with ethene. Chem Sci 2024; 15:666-674. [PMID: 38179531 PMCID: PMC10763563 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04901a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Iminoboranes have gathered immense attention due to their reactivity and potential applications as isoelectronic and isosteric alkynes. While cyclic alkynes are well investigated and useful reagents, cyclic iminoboranes are underexplored and their existence was inferred only via trapping experiments. We report the first direct spectroscopic evidence of a cyclic seven-membered iminoborane, 1-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-1H-1,3,2-diazaborepine 2, under cryogenic matrix isolation conditions. The amino-iminoborane 2 was photochemically generated in solid argon at 4 K from 2-azido-1-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-1,2-dihydro-1,2-azaborinine (3) and was characterized using FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, and computational chemistry. The characteristic BN stretching vibration (1751 cm-1) is shifted by about 240 cm-1 compared to linear amino-iminoboranes indicating a significant weakening of the bond. The Lewis acidity value determined computationally (LAB = 9.1 ± 2.6) is similar to that of boron trichloride, and twelve orders of magnitude lower than that of 1,2-azaborinine (BN-aryne, LAB = 21.5 ± 2.6), a six-membered cyclic iminoborane. In contrast to the latter, the reduced ring strain of 2 precludes nitrogen fixation, but it unexpectedly allows facile (2 + 2) cycloaddition reaction with C2H4 under matrix isolation conditions at 30 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divanshu Gupta
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Ralf Einholz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Holger F Bettinger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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4
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Dolati H, Denker L, Martínez JP, Trzaskowski B, Frank R. Iminoboranes With Parent B=NH Entity: Imino Group Metathesis, Nucleophilic Reactivity and N-N Coupling. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302494. [PMID: 37584302 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
While R2 C=N-R double bonds in organic imines are well established, the related iminoboranes R-B=N-R are either prone to oligomerization or can only be stabilized at sufficient steric congestion. In particular, the examples of unsubstituted parent B=N-H entity are rare. We demonstrate that the amino imidazoline-2-imine ligand system (HAmIm) not only gives rise to the isolation of a parent (AmIm)B=N-H iminoborane, but also to species of type (AmIm)B=N-SiMe3 with concomitant stabilization by lithium bromide. The double bond character in these systems is unambiguously corroborated by DFT calculations. The steric accessibility of the (AmIm)B=NH unit allows facile reactivity including metathesis reactions with C=O and C=S bonds, nucleophilic addition toward organic and organometallic carbonyl compounds, but also oxidative N-N coupling within a dimeric unit. Thus, the chemical behavior of the (AmIm)B=N-H and (AmIm)B=N-SiMe3 is distinctly different from that of organic imines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Dolati
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lars Denker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Martínez
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2 C, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Bartosz Trzaskowski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2 C, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
| | - René Frank
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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Heilmann A, Vasko P, Hicks J, Goicoechea JM, Aldridge S. An Aluminium Imide as a Transfer Agent for the [NR] 2- Function via Metathesis Chemistry. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300018. [PMID: 36602941 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of a terminal aluminium imide with a range of oxygen-containing substrates have been probed with a view to developing its use as a novel main group transfer agent for the [NR]2- fragment. We demonstrate transfer of the imide moiety to [N2 ], [CO] and [Ph(H)C] units driven thermodynamically by Al-O bond formation. N2 O reacts rapidly to generate the organoazide DippN3 (Dipp=2,6-i Pr2 C6 H3 ), while CO2 (under dilute reaction conditions) yields the corresponding isocyanate, DippNCO. Mechanistic studies, using both experimental and quantum chemical techniques, identify a carbamate complex K2 [(NON)Al-{κ2 -(N,O)-N(Dipp)CO2 }]2 (formed via [2+2] cycloaddition) as an intermediate in the formation of DippNCO, and also in an alternative reaction leading to the generation of the amino-dicarboxylate complex K2 [(NON)Al{κ2 -(O,O')-(O2 C)2 N-(Dipp)}] (via the take-up of a second equivalent of CO2 ). In the case of benzaldehyde, a similar [2+2] cycloaddition process generates the metallacyclic hemi-aminal complex, Kn [(NON)Al{κ2 -(N,O)-(N(Dipp)C(Ph)(H)O}]n . Extrusion of the imine, PhC(H)NDipp, via cyclo-reversion is disfavoured thermally, due to the high energy of the putative aluminium oxide co-product, K2 [(NON)Al(O)]2 . However, addition of CO2 allows the imine to be released, driven by the formation of the thermodynamically more stable aluminium carbonate co-product, K2 [(NON)Al(κ2 -(O,O')-CO3 )]2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Heilmann
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Petra Vasko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen Aukio 1, PO Box 55, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jamie Hicks
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Jose M Goicoechea
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
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Sun X, Hinz A, Kucher H, Gamer MT, Roesky PW. Stereoselective Activation of Small Molecules by a Stable Chiral Silene. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201963. [PMID: 35762907 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of the dilithium salt of the enantiopure (S)-BINOL (1,1'-bi-2-naphthol) with two equivalents of the amidinate-stabilized chlorosilylene [LPh SiCl] (LPh =PhC(NtBu)2 ) led to the formation of the first example of a chiral cyclic silene species comprising an (S)-BINOL ligand. The reactivity of the Si=C bond was investigated by reaction with elemental sulfur, CO2 and HCl. The reaction with S8 led to a Si=C bond cleavage and concomitantly to a ring-opened product with imine and silanethione functional groups. The reaction with CO2 resulted in the cleavage of the CO2 molecule into a carbonyl group and an isolated O atom, while a new stereocenter is formed in a highly selective manner. According to DFT calculations, the [2+2] cycloaddition product is the key intermediate. Further reactivity studies of the chiral cyclic silene with HCl resulted in a stereoselective addition to the Si=C bond, while the fully selective formation of two stereocenters was achieved. The quantitative stereoselective addition of CO2 and HCl to a Si=C bond is unprecedented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Hinz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hannes Kucher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael T Gamer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Qiu S, Zhang X, Hu C, Chu H, Li Q, Ruiz DA, Liu LL, Tung C, Kong L. Unveiling Hetero‐Enyne Reactivity of Aryliminoboranes: Dearomative Hetero‐Diels–Alder‐Like Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205814. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Chaopeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Hongxu Chu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Qianli Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 China
| | - David A. Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Chen‐Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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8
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Bao M, Dai Y, Liu C, Su Y. Acid/Base-Free Acyclic Anionic Oxoborane and Iminoborane Bearing Diboryl Groups. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11137-11142. [PMID: 35815522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Anionic oxoboranes and neutral iminoboranes, which are isoelectronic to ketones and alkynes, respectively, have attracted much attention because of their unique structures and various reactivity. However, acid/base-free oxoboranes and iminoboranes are still limited, and readily accessible examples with diverse electronic and steric characteristics are highly desirable. Herein, we report the first syntheses of the acyclic anionic oxoborane 2 and iminoborane 4 bearing two boryl ligands, both of which are acid/base-free. Spectroscopic analysis, X-ray crystallography, and theoretical calculations reveal that 2 and 4 possess a polarized terminal B═O double bond and central B≡N triple bond, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manling Bao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Dai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chunmeng Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuanting Su
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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9
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Qiu S, Zhang X, Hu C, Chu H, Li Q, Ruiz DA, Liu LL, Tung CH, Kong L. Unveiling Hetero‐Enyne Reactivity of Aryliminoboranes: Dearomative Hetero‐Diels‐Alder‐Like Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Qiu
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Chaopeng Hu
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Hongxu Chu
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Qianli Li
- Liaocheng University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - David A Ruiz
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Lingbing Kong
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 27 Shanda Nanlu 250100 Jinan CHINA
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10
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Koner A, Sergeieva T, Morgenstern B, Andrada DM. A Cyclic Iminoborane-NHC Adduct: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Bonding Analysis. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14202-14211. [PMID: 34374528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lewis-base coordinated iminoborane adducts, in contrast to their isoelectronic analogue imines, remain largely unexplored given the lack of efficient synthetic strategies for generating robust compounds. Herein, we report the preparation of a cyclic amino iminoborane carbene complex 2 obtained in quantitative yield by adding NHC to the 1,8-(trimethylsilyl)aminonaphthalene complex of boron 1 to induce the elimination of trimethylsilyl chloride (TMSCl). The iminoborane-NHC adduct 2 shows unprecedented thermal stability both in the solid and solution phases, due to the rigid, pre-established geometry of the 1,8-diaminonaphthalene scaffold. Theoretical calculations reveal an exceptionally strong iminoborane-NHC bond as a consequence of the enhanced boron-center acidity in combination with the lower steric and electronic shielding. We show that the chemical bond can be understood as donor-acceptor interaction, leading to a different kind of electronic situation of the B═N π-bond. The high conjugation between the pz-lone pair of the tricoordinated sp2 hybridized N atom and the B═N π-system results in a particularly long B═N double bond distance. Taking advantage of the pendant lone pair of the dicoordinated sp2 hybridized N atom, the iminoborane-NHC adduct gives access to NHC-stabilized borenium cation 3 through the reaction with trimethylsilyl triflate (Me3SiOTf) or to the gallium adduct 4 by reacting with GaCl3. Incorporating an iminoborane functional group into a π-conjugated system brings a new bonding situation for broadening the scope of BN-containing polyaromatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Koner
- Inorganic and Computational Chemistry Group, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tetiana Sergeieva
- Inorganic and Computational Chemistry Group, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Inorganic and Computational Chemistry Group, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Diego M Andrada
- Inorganic and Computational Chemistry Group, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Guo R, Li T, Wei R, Zhang X, Li Q, Liu LL, Tung CH, Kong L. Boraiminolithium: An Iminoborane-Transfer Reagent. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13483-13488. [PMID: 34427439 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BN/CC isosterism can give rise to attractive molecules with unique physical or chemical properties. We report here the synthesis, characterization, and reactivities of the boraiminolithium species 2, a room-temperature-stable crystalline solid accessible through a facile dehydrohalogenation/deprotonation reaction. This species, bearing a polarized B≡N triple bond and an anionic N center, is the first example of a BN analogue to the well-known alkynyllithium molecules (lithium acetylides). It has demonstrated a remarkable ability for iminoborane-transfer reactions, which allows for the isolation of a series of unprecedented N-functionalized iminoboranes as well as novel main-group heterocycles. Stable boraiminolithium reagents may become powerful tools in the exploration of new BN-containing building blocks for synthetic chemistry and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wei
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianli Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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12
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Do DCH, Vasko P, Fuentes MÁ, Hicks J, Aldridge S. Probing the non-innocent nature of an amino-functionalised β-diketiminate ligand in silylene/iminosilane systems. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:8701-8709. [PMID: 32555871 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01447h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Electron-rich β-diketiminate ligands, featuring amino groups at the backbone β positions ("N-nacnac" ligands) have been employed in the synthesis of a range of silylene (SiII) complexes of the type (N-nacnac)SiX (where X = H, Cl, N(SiMe3)2, P(SiMe3)2 and Si(SiMe3)3). A combination of experimental and quantum chemical approaches reveals (i) that in all cases rearrangement to give an aza-butadienyl SiIV imide featuring a contracted five-membered heterocycle is thermodynamically favourable (and experimentally viable); (ii) that the kinetic lability of systems of the type (N-nacnac)SiX varies markedly as a function of X, such that compounds of this type can be isolated under ambient conditions for X = Cl and P(SiMe3)2, but not for X = H, N(SiMe3)2 and Si(SiMe3)3; and (iii) that the ring contraction process is most facile for systems bearing strongly electron-donating and sterically less encumbered X groups, since these allow most ready access to a transition state accessed via intramolecular nucleophilic attack by the SiII centre at the β-carbon position of the N-nacnac ligand backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Cao Huan Do
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
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13
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Guo R, Jiang J, Hu C, Liu LL, Cui P, Zhao M, Ke Z, Tung CH, Kong L. BNN-1,3-dipoles: isolation and intramolecular cycloaddition with unactivated arenes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7053-7059. [PMID: 34122998 PMCID: PMC8159347 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02162h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mono-base-stabilized 1,2-diboranylidenehydrazine derivatives featuring a 1,3-dipolar BNN skeleton are obtained by dehydrobromination of [ArB(Br)NH]2 (Ar = 2,6-diphenylphenyl (Dpp), Ar = 2,6-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)phenyl (Dmp) or Ar = 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl (Mes*)) with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). Depending on the Ar substituents, such species can be isolated as a crystalline solid (Ar = Mes*) or generated as reactive intermediates undergoing spontaneous intramolecular aminoboration of the proximal arene rings via [3 + 2] cycloaddition (Ar = Dpp or Dmp). The latter reactions showcase the 1,3-dipolar reactivity toward unactivated arenes at ambient temperature. In addition, double cycloaddition of the isolable BNN species with two CO2 molecules affords a bicyclic species consisting of two fused five-membered BN2CO rings. The electronic structures of these BNN species and the mechanisms of these cascade reactions are interrogated through density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Hu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Ping Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Meihua Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China .,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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14
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Cui P, Guo R, Kong L, Cui C. New Approaches to N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Coordinated Iminoborane and Borenium Species. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:5261-5265. [PMID: 32271015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cui
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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15
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Murugesapandian B, Ganguly R, Lee PTK, Petković M, Clyburne JAC, Vidović D. Electronically Induced Steric Clash: Synthesis of NMe2-Modified β-Diketiminate-Supported Boron Difluoride Compounds. Aust J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ch20188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis and structural features of NMe2-modified β-diketiminate-supported boron difluoride compounds (LArBF2: LAr=[HC(NAr)2(CNMe2)2]–; LPh: Ar=Ph; LTol: Ar=p-tolyl; LXyl: Ar=m-xylyl). The title compounds were prepared in moderate yields (~65%) by insitu deprotonation of the corresponding ligands LArH using KH, followed by the addition of BF3OEt2. According to solid-state and theoretical analyses of the BF2 compounds, the lone pair at each NMe2 group is involved in electron delocalization within the central BC3N2 ring. As a result, the N-aryl substituents sterically clash with the NMe2 groups, causing this central ring to pucker. Several attempts were made to prepare heavy analogues (e.g. LArBX2, X=Cl, Br, I) but only unidentifiable product mixtures were observed. It appears that the observed steric clash between the N-aryl substituents and the NMe2 groups prevented the formation of these heavy analogues.
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16
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Stoy A, Böhnke J, Jiménez-Halla JOC, Dewhurst RD, Thiess T, Braunschweig H. CO2
-Fixierung und Spaltung durch unpolare Mehrfachbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Stoy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Julian Böhnke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - J. Oscar C. Jiménez-Halla
- Departamento de Química, Division de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas; Universidad de Guanajuato; Noria Alta S/N Guanajuato, C.P. 36050, Gto. Mexiko
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Torsten Thiess
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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17
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Stoy A, Böhnke J, Jiménez-Halla JOC, Dewhurst RD, Thiess T, Braunschweig H. CO 2 Binding and Splitting by Boron-Boron Multiple Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5947-5951. [PMID: 29493885 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The room-temperature, ambient-pressure reactions of CO2 with two species containing boron-boron multiple bonds led to the incorporation of either one or two CO2 molecules. The structural characterization of a thermally unstable intermediate in one case indicates that an initial [2+2] cycloaddition is the key step in the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Stoy
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Böhnke
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Oscar C Jiménez-Halla
- Departamento de Química, Division de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N, Guanajuato, C.P., 36050, Gto., Mexico
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Thiess
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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18
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Chu J, Wang C, Xiang L, Leng X, Chen Y. Reactivity of Scandium Terminal Imido Complex toward Boranes: C(sp3)–H Bond Borylation and B–O Bond Cleavage. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Chu
- State Key
Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Li Xiang
- State Key
Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Xuebing Leng
- State Key
Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yaofeng Chen
- State Key
Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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19
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Four-coordinate six-membered ketiminate and diketiminate boron complexes. Synthesis, structure, reactivity, and application in the design of nitrogen heterocycles. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1901-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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20
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Zhang Z, Pu L, Li QS, King RB. Controlling the Reactivity of the Boronyl Group in Platinum Complexes toward Cyclodimerization: A Theoretical Survey. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:10281-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Pu
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian-shu Li
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People’s Republic of China
| | - R. Bruce King
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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21
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Chang MC, Otten E. Reduction of (Formazanate)boron Difluoride Provides Evidence for an N-Heterocyclic B(I) Carbenoid Intermediate. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:8656-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Chieh Chang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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22
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Zhang Z, Pu L, Li Q, King RB. The siliconyl, boronyl, and iminoboryl ligands as analogues of the well-known carbonyl ligand: predicted reactivity towards dipolar cyclooligomerization in iron/cobalt carbonyl complexes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01903f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fe(CO)4(SiO), Co(CO)4(BO), and Co(CO)4(BNSiMe3), complexes akin to the well-known Fe(CO)5 are predicted by density functional theory to undergo exothermic oligomerization to give the oligomers containing SinOn/BnOn/B2N2 rings with single bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- College of Science
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
| | - Liang Pu
- College of Science
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
| | - Qianshu Li
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510631
- P. R. China
| | - R. Bruce King
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Computational Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- USA
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23
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Dahcheh F, Stephan DW, Bertrand G. Oxidative Addition at a Carbene Center: Synthesis of an Iminoboryl-CAAC Adduct. Chemistry 2014; 21:199-204. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Xie L, Zhang J, Cui C. 2-Chloro-Azaborolyl Anion: A Source of 1,2-Azaborole Isosteric to Cyclopentadienylidene. Chemistry 2014; 20:9500-3. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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