1
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Lv ZJ, Eisenlohr KA, Naumann R, Reuter T, Verplancke H, Demeshko S, Herbst-Irmer R, Heinze K, Holthausen MC, Schneider S. Triplet carbenes with transition-metal substituents. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01597-8. [PMID: 39103654 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The extraordinary advances in carbene (R1-C-R2) chemistry have been fuelled by strategies to stabilize the electronic singlet state via π interactions. In contrast, the lack of similarly efficient approaches to obtain authentic triplet carbenes with appreciable lifetimes beyond cryogenic temperatures hampers their exploitation in synthesis and catalysis. Transition-metal substitution represents a potential strategy, but metallocarbenes (M-C-R) usually represent high-lying excited electronic configurations of the well-established carbyne complexes (M≡C-R). Here we report the synthesis and characterization of triplet metallocarbenes (M-C-SiMe3, M = PdII, PtII) that are persistent beyond cryogenic conditions, and their selective reactivity towards carbene C-H insertion and carbonylation. Bond analysis reveals significant stabilization by spin-polarized push-pull interactions along both π-bonding planes, which fundamentally differs from bonding in push-pull singlet carbenes. This bonding model, thus, expands key strategies for stabilizing the open-shell carbene electromers and closes a conceptual gap towards carbyne complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Jie Lv
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC), Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kim A Eisenlohr
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert Naumann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Reuter
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hendrik Verplancke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC), Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC), Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Max C Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Sven Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC), Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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2
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He F, Gourlaouen C, Pang H, Braunstein P. Experimental and Theoretical Study of Ni
II
‐ and Pd
II
‐Promoted Double Geminal C(sp
3
)−H Bond Activation Providing Facile Access to NHC Pincer Complexes: Isolated Intermediates and Mechanism. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200507. [PMID: 35543286 PMCID: PMC9401054 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the first examples of metal‐promoted double geminal activation of C(sp3)−H bonds of the N−CH2−N moiety in an imidazole‐type heterocycle, leading to nickel and palladium N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes under mild conditions. Reaction of the new electron‐rich diphosphine 1,3‐bis((di‐tert‐butylphosphaneyl)methyl)‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole (1) with [PdCl2(cod)] occurred in a stepwise fashion, first by single C−H bond activation yielding the alkyl pincer complex [PdCl(PCsp3HP)] (3) with two trans phosphane donors and a covalent Pd−Csp3
bond. Activation of the C−H bond of the resulting α‐methine Csp3
H−M group occurred subsequently when 3 was treated with HCl to yield the NHC pincer complex [PdCl(PCNHCP)]Cl (2). Treatment of 1 with [NiBr2(dme)] also afforded a NHC pincer complex, [NiBr(PCNHCP)]Br (6), but the reactions leading to the double geminal C−H bond activation of the N−CH2−N group were too fast to allow identification or isolation of an intermediate analogous to 3. The determination of six crystal structures, the isolation of reaction intermediates and DFT calculations provided the basis for suggesting the mechanism of the stepwise transformation of a N−CH2−N moiety in the N−CNHC−N unit of NHC pincer complexes and explain the key differences observed between the Pd and Ni chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengkai He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China) E-mail: s
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China) E-mail: s
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg France
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3
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Grünwald A, Goswami B, Breitwieser K, Morgenstern B, Gimferrer M, Heinemann FW, Momper DM, Kay CWM, Munz D. Palladium Terminal Imido Complexes with Nitrene Character. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8897-8901. [PMID: 35575699 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Whereas triplet-nitrene complexes of the late transition metals are isolable and key intermediates in catalysis, singlet-nitrene ligands remain elusive. Herein we communicate three such palladium terminal imido complexes with singlet ground states. UV-vis-NIR electronic spectroscopy with broad bands up to 1400 nm as well as high-level computations (DFT, STEOM-CCSD, CASSCF/NEVPT2, EOS analysis) and reactivity studies suggest significant palladium(0) singlet-nitrene character. Although the aliphatic nitrene complexes proved to be too reactive for isolation in analytically pure form as a result of elimination of isobutylene, the aryl congener could be characterized by SC-XRD, elemental analysis, IR-, NMR spectroscopy, and HRMS. The complexes' distinguished ambiphilicity allows them to activate hexafluorobenzene, triphenylphosphine, and pinacol borane, catalytically dehydrogenate cyclohexene, and aminate ethylene via nitrene transfer at or below room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Grünwald
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bhupendra Goswami
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Kevin Breitwieser
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martí Gimferrer
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dajana M Momper
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Physical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2.2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christopher W M Kay
- Physical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2.2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, U.K
| | - Dominik Munz
- Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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4
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Zhu J, Xue Y, Zhang R, Ratchford BL, Dong G. Catalytic Activation of Unstrained C(Aryl)-C(Alkyl) Bonds in 2,2'-Methylenediphenols. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3242-3249. [PMID: 35138096 PMCID: PMC9115852 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic activation of unstrained and nonpolar C-C bonds remains a largely unmet challenge. Here, we describe our detailed efforts in developing a rhodium-catalyzed hydrogenolysis of unstrained C(aryl)-C(alkyl) bonds in 2,2'-methylenediphenols aided by removable directing groups. Good yields of the monophenol products are obtained with tolerating a wide range of functional groups. In addition, the reaction is scalable, and the catalyst loading can be reduced to as low as 0.5 mol %. Moreover, this method proves to be effective to cleave C(aryl)-C(alkyl) linkages in both models of phenolic resins and commercial novolacs resins. Finally, detailed experimental and computational mechanistic studies show that with C-H activation being a competitive but reversible off-cycle reaction, this transformation goes through a directed C(aryl)-C(alkyl) oxidative addition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yibin Xue
- Department of chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Benjamin L. Ratchford
- Department of chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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5
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Sansores‐Paredes MLG, Voort S, Lutz M, Moret M. Divergent Reactivity of an Isolable Nickelacyclobutane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María L. G. Sansores‐Paredes
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Faculty of Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Storm Voort
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Faculty of Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Structural Biochemistry Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research Faculty of Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marc‐Etienne Moret
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Faculty of Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
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6
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Sansores-Paredes MLG, van der Voort S, Lutz M, Moret ME. Divergent Reactivity of an Isolable Nickelacyclobutane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26518-26522. [PMID: 34608737 PMCID: PMC9298726 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nickelacyclobutanes are mostly invoked as reactive intermediates in the reaction of nickel carbenes and olefins to yield cyclopropanes. Nevertheless, early work suggested that other decomposition routes such as β‐hydride elimination and even metathesis could be accessible. Herein, we report the isolation and characterization of a stable pentacoordinated nickelacyclobutane incorporated in a pincer complex. The coordination of different coligands to the nickelacyclobutane determines its selective decomposition along cyclopropanation, metathesis or apparent β‐hydride elimination pathways. DFT calculations shed light on the mechanism of these different pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L G Sansores-Paredes
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Storm van der Voort
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc-Etienne Moret
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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7
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Tan C, Tinnermann H, Sung S, Kat LH, Young RD. Nonpalindromic Rhodium PCcarbeneP Pincer Complexes Featuring Electron-Deficient Phosphino Substituents. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clarence Tan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Hendrik Tinnermann
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Li Heng Kat
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Rowan D. Young
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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8
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Feichtner KS, Scharf LT, Scherpf T, Mallick B, Boysen N, Gessner VH. Tuning Ruthenium Carbene Complexes for Selective P-H Activation through Metal-Ligand Cooperation. Chemistry 2021; 27:17351-17360. [PMID: 34705314 PMCID: PMC9299219 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of iminophosphoryl‐tethered ruthenium carbene complexes to activate secondary phosphine P−H bonds is reported. Complexes of type [(p‐cymene)‐RuC(SO2Ph)(PPh2NR)] (with R = SiMe3 or 4‐C6H4−NO2) were found to exhibit different reactivities depending on the electronics of the applied phosphine and the substituent at the iminophosphoryl moiety. Hence, the electron‐rich silyl‐substituted complex undergoes cyclometallation or shift of the imine moiety after cooperative activation of the P−H bond across the M=C linkage, depending on the electronics of the applied phosphine. Deuteration experiments and computational studies proved that cyclometallation is initiated by the activation process at the M=C bond and triggered by the high electron density at the metal in the phosphido intermediates. Consistently, replacement of the trimethylsilyl (TMS) group by the electron‐withdrawing 4‐nitrophenyl substituent allowed the selective cooperative P−H activation to form stable activation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Stephan Feichtner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lennart T Scharf
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thorsten Scherpf
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bert Mallick
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nils Boysen
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Viktoria H Gessner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
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9
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10
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Takahashi K, Iwasawa N. Reversible C–C Double Bond Cleavage to Form a Metal Carbene and an Alkene Enabled on an Iridium Complex Bearing a Pincer-type Alkoxycarbene Ligand. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama,
Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Iwasawa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama,
Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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11
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Munz D, Meyer K. Charge frustration in ligand design and functional group transfer. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:422-439. [PMID: 37118028 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00276-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecules with different resonance structures of similar importance, such as heterocumulenes and mesoionics, are prominent in many applications of chemistry, including 'click chemistry', photochemistry, switching and sensing. In coordination chemistry, similar chameleonic/schizophrenic entities are referred to as ambidentate/ambiphilic or cooperative ligands. Examples of these had remained, for a long time, limited to a handful of archetypal compounds that were mere curiosities. In this Review, we describe ambiphilicity - or, rather, 'charge frustration' - as a general guiding principle for ligand design and functional group transfer. We first give a historical account of organic zwitterions and discuss their electronic structures and applications. Our discussion then focuses on zwitterionic ligands and their metal complexes, such as those of ylidic and redox-active ligands. Finally, we present new approaches to single-atom transfer using cumulated small molecules and outline emerging areas, such as bond activation and stable donor-acceptor ligand systems for reversible 1e- chemistry or switching.
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12
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Kostyukovich AY, Burykina JV, Eremin DB, Ananikov VP. Detection and Structural Investigation of Elusive Palladium Hydride Intermediates Formed from Simple Metal Salts. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7128-7142. [PMID: 33949864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Mizoroki-Heck reaction is one of the most known and best studied catalytic transformations and has provided an outstanding driving force for the development of catalysis and synthetic applications. Three out of four classical Mizoroki-Heck catalytic cycle intermediates contain Pd-C bonds and are well known and studied in detail. However, a simple palladium hydride (which is formed after the product-releasing β-H-elimination step) is a kind of elusive intermediate in the Mizoroki-Heck reaction. In the present study, we performed a combined theoretical and mass spectrometry (MS) study of palladium hydride complexes [PdX2H]- (X = Cl, Br, and I), which are reactive intermediates in the Mizoroki-Heck reaction. Static and molecular dynamic calculations revealed that these species have a T-shaped structure with a trans-arrangement of halogen atoms. Other isomers of [PdX2H]- are unstable and easily rearrange into the T-shaped form or decompose. These palladium hydride intermediates were detected by MS in precatalyst activation using NaBH4, Et3N, and a solvent molecule as reducing agents. Online MS monitoring allowed the detection of [PdX2H]- species in the course of the Mizoroki-Heck reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Yu Kostyukovich
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Julia V Burykina
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry B Eremin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.,The Bridge@USC, University of Southern California, 1002 Childs Way, Los Angeles, California 90089-3502, United States
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
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13
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Hoffbauer MR, Iluc VM. [2+2] Cycloadditions with an Iron Carbene: A Critical Step in Enyne Metathesis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5592-5597. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R. Hoffbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Vlad M. Iluc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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14
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Ramírez-Contreras R, Cosio MN, Park S, Bhuvanesh N, Ozerov OV. Arene Coordination Induces Migration of a Hydride to a Ru-Bound Carbene of a Pincer Ligand. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Grass A, Kulathungage LW, Wannipurage D, Yousif M, Ward CL, Groysman S. Synthesis, characterization, and alkoxide transfer reactivity of dimeric Tl 2(OR) 2 complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2501-2509. [PMID: 33514951 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03917a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of LiOCtBu2Ph with TlPF6 forms the dimeric Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 complex, a rare example of a homoleptic thallium alkoxide complex demonstrating formally two-coordinate metal centers. Characterization of Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography reveals the presence of two isomers differing by the mutual conformation of the alkoxide ligands, and by the planarity of the central Tl-O-Tl-O plane. Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 serves as a convenient precursor to the formation of old and new [M(OCtBu2Ph)n] complexes (M = Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn), including a rare example of T-shaped Zn(OCtBu2Ph)2(THF) complex, which could not be previously synthesized using more conventional LiOR/HOR precursors. The reaction of [Ru(cymene)Cl2]2 with Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 results in the formation of a ruthenium(ii) alkoxide complex. For ruthenium, the initial coordination of the alkoxide triggers C-H activation at the ortho-H of [OCtBu2Ph] which results in its bidentate coordination. In addition to Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2, related Tl2(OCtBu2(3,5-Me2C6H3))2 was also synthesized, characterized, and shown to exhibit similar reactivity with iron and ruthenium precursors. Synthetic, structural, and spectroscopic characterizations are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Grass
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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16
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Wu JY, Li Z, Yang JD, Cheng JP. Bonding Energetics of Palladium Amido/Aryloxide Complexes in DMSO: Implications for Palladium-Mediated Aniline Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23782-23790. [PMID: 32910524 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermodynamic knowledge of the metal-ligand (M-L) σ-bond strength is crucial to understanding metal-mediated transformations. Here, we developed a method for determining the Pd-X (X=OR and NHAr) bond heterolysis energies (ΔGhet (Pd-X)) in DMSO taking [(tmeda)PdArX] (tmeda=N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine) as the model complexes. The ΔGhet (Pd-X) scales span a range of 2.6-9.0 kcal mol-1 for ΔGhet (Pd-O) values and of 14.5-19.5 kcal mol-1 for ΔGhet (Pd-N) values, respectively, implying a facile heterolytic detachment of the Pd ligands. Structure-reactivity analyses of a modeling Pd-mediated X-H bond activation reveal that the M-X bond metathesis is dominated by differences of the X-H and Pd-X bond strengths, the former being more influential. The ΔGhet (Pd-X) and pKa (X-H) parameters enable regulation of reaction thermodynamics and chemoselectivity and diagnosing the probability of aniline activation with Pd-X complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Wu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjing 3, 00071, China
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17
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Wu J, Li Z, Yang J, Cheng J. Bonding Energetics of Palladium Amido/Aryloxide Complexes in DMSO: Implications for Palladium‐Mediated Aniline Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Yan Wu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin‐Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin‐Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjing 3 00071 China
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18
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Grünwald A, Heinemann FW, Munz D. Oxidative Addition of Water, Alcohols, and Amines in Palladium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21088-21095. [PMID: 32745317 PMCID: PMC7692900 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The homolytic cleavage of O-H and N-H or weak C-H bonds is a key elementary step in redox catalysis, but is thought to be unfeasible for palladium. In stark contrast, reported here is the room temperature and reversible oxidative addition of water, isopropanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, phenol, and aniline to a palladium(0) complex with a cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) and a labile pyridino ligand, as is also the case in popular N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) palladium(II) precatalysts. The oxidative addition of protic solvents or adventitious water switches the chemoselectivity in catalysis with alkynes through activation of the terminal C-H bond. Most salient, the homolytic activation of alcohols and amines allows atom-efficient, additive-free cross-coupling and transfer hydrogenation under mild reaction conditions with usually unreactive, yet desirable reagents, including esters and bis(pinacolato)diboron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Grünwald
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus, Geb. C4.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
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19
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Grünwald A, Heinemann FW, Munz D. Oxidative Addition of Water, Alcohols, and Amines in Palladium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Grünwald
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry Saarland University Campus, Geb. C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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20
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Smith JD, Durrant G, Ess DH, Gelfand BS, Piers WE. H/D exchange under mild conditions in arenes and unactivated alkanes with C 6D 6 and D 2O using rigid, electron-rich iridium PCP pincer complexes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10705-10717. [PMID: 34094323 PMCID: PMC8162389 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02694h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of an iridium polyhydride complex (Ir-H4) supported by an electron-rich PCP framework is described. This complex readily loses molecular hydrogen allowing for rapid room temperature hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) at the hydridic positions and the α-C-H site of the ligand with deuterated solvents such as benzene-d6, toluene-d8 and THF-d8. The removal of 1-2 equivalents of molecular H2 forms unsaturated iridium carbene trihydride (Ir-H3) or monohydride (Ir-H) compounds that are able to create further unsaturation by reversibly transferring a hydride to the ligand carbene carbon. These species are highly active hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) catalysts using C6D6 or D2O as deuterium sources for the deuteration of a variety of substrates. By modifying conditions to influence the Ir-Hn speciation, deuteration levels can range from near exhaustive to selective only for sterically accessible sites. Preparative level deuterations of select substrates were performed allowing for procurement of >95% deuterated compounds in excellent isolated yields; the catalyst can be regenerated by treatment of residues with H2 and is still active for further reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - George Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 USA
| | - Daniel H Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 USA
| | - Benjamin S Gelfand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Warren E Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
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21
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Tinnermann H, Sung S, Cala BA, Gill HJ, Young RD. Catalytic Deoxygenation of Amine and Pyridine N-Oxides Using Rhodium PCcarbeneP Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Tinnermann
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Beatrice A. Cala
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Hashir J. Gill
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Rowan D. Young
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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22
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Rama RJ, Martín MT, Peloso R, Nicasio MC. Low-coordinate M(0) complexes of group 10 stabilized by phosphorus(III) ligands and N-heterocyclic carbenes. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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Khristolyubov DO, Lyubov DM, Shavyrin AS, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Trifonov AA. Ln( ii) and Ca( ii) NC sp3N pincer type diarylmethanido complexes – promising catalysts for C–C and C–E (E = Si, P, N, S) bond formation. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00369g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The first examples of Ln(ii) (Ln = Yb, Sm) and Ca [NCsp3N] pincer type diarylmethanido complexes were synthesized and successfully used as efficient and selective precatalyst for intermolecular C–C and C–E bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitry M. Lyubov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Andrey S. Shavyrin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
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24
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van der Vlugt JI. Redox-Active Pincer Ligands. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Tiddens MR, Moret ME. Metal-Ligand Cooperation at Phosphine-Based Acceptor Pincer Ligands. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Zhou C, Munkerup K, Wang Y, Das PK, Chakraborty P, Hu J, Yao C, Huang MH, Huang KW. Ligand-centered reactivity of a pseudo-dearomatized phosphorus-nitrogen PN 3P* rhodium complex towards molecular oxygen at room temperature. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi01605h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pseudo-dearomatized ligand of PN3P*Rh-CO reacts with O2 to form an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety at room temperature, showcasing an unprecedented ligand-centered reactivity with the oxidation state of Rh(I) remaining untouched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Zhou
- KAUST Catalysis Center & Division of Physical Science and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23900-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Kristin Munkerup
- KAUST Catalysis Center & Division of Physical Science and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23900-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuan Wang
- KAUST Catalysis Center & Division of Physical Science and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23900-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradip K. Das
- KAUST Catalysis Center & Division of Physical Science and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23900-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Priyanka Chakraborty
- KAUST Catalysis Center & Division of Physical Science and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23900-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Jinsong Hu
- KAUST Catalysis Center & Division of Physical Science and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23900-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Changguang Yao
- KAUST Catalysis Center & Division of Physical Science and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23900-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Mei-Hui Huang
- KAUST Catalysis Center & Division of Physical Science and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23900-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- KAUST Catalysis Center & Division of Physical Science and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23900-6900
- Saudi Arabia
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27
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Scharf LT, Kowsari A, Scherpf T, Feichtner KS, Gessner VH. Cooperative Bond Activation Reactions with Nickel and Palladium Carbene Complexes with a PCcarbeneS Pincer Ligand. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lennart T. Scharf
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander Kowsari
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thorsten Scherpf
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kai-Stephan Feichtner
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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28
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Brunel P, Lhardy C, Mallet-Ladeira S, Monot J, Martin-Vaca B, Bourissou D. Palladium pincer complexes featuring an unsymmetrical SCN indene-based ligand with a hemilabile pyridine sidearm. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9801-9806. [PMID: 31080977 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00898e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new unsymmetrical indene-based pro-ligand featuring thiophosphinoyle and methylpyridine sidearms 2 was prepared. Coordination and cyclometalation in the presence of [PdCl2(PhCN)2] and PS-DIEA afforded three well-defined 2-indenyl SCN pincer complexes 3a-c. The lability of the pyridine moiety has been evidenced upon treatment with triphenylphosphine and 2,6-dimethylphenylisocyanide. In addition, reversible C-Pd bond cleavage has been demonstrated under Brønsted acid/base conditions. The indenediide SCN pincer complex 4 was prepared by deprotonation of 3a in the presence of triphenylphosphine. Preliminary catalytic tests on the cycloisomerization of 4-pentynoic acid have underlined the impact of the pyridine sidearm on the catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Brunel
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
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29
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Lapierre EA, Piers WE, Lin JB, Gendy C. Synthesis and Structures of Stable Pt II and Pt IV Alkylidenes: Evidence for π-Bonding and Relativistic Stabilization. Chemistry 2019; 25:4305-4308. [PMID: 30723967 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Isolable cationic PtII and PtIV alkylidenes, proposed intermediates in catalytic organic transformations, are reported. The bonding in these species was probed by experimental, structural, spectroscopic, electrochemical and computational methods, providing direct evidence for π-bonding, the often-theorized relativistic stabilization of these species, and the influence of oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne A Lapierre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Warren E Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jian-Bin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Deziel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Melissa R. Hoffbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Vlad M. Iluc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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31
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Chang MC, Jesse KA, Filatov AS, Anderson JS. Reversible homolytic activation of water via metal-ligand cooperativity in a T-shaped Ni(ii) complex. Chem Sci 2019; 10:1360-1367. [PMID: 30809351 PMCID: PMC6354739 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03719a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A T-shaped Ni(ii) complex [Tol,PhDHPy]Ni has been prepared and characterized. EPR spectra and DFT calculations of this complex suggest that the electronic structure is best described as a high-spin Ni(ii) center antiferromagnetically coupled with a ligand-based radical. This complex reacts with water at room temperature to generate the dimeric complex [Tol,PhDHPy]Ni(μ-OH)Ni[Tol,PhDHPyH] which has been thoroughly characterized by SXRD, NMR, IR and deuterium-labeling experiments. Addition of simple ligands such as phosphines or pyridine displaces water and demonstrates the reversibility of water activation in this system. The water activation step has been examined by kinetic studies and DFT calculations which suggest an unusual homolytic reaction via a bimetallic mechanism. The ΔH ‡, ΔS ‡ and KIE (k H/k D) of the reaction are 5.5 kcal mol-1, -23.8 cal mol-1 K-1, and 2.4(1), respectively. In addition to the reversibility of water addition, this system is capable of activating water towards net O-atom transfer to substrates such as aromatic C-H bonds and phosphines. This reactivity is facilitated by the ability of the dihydrazonopyrrole ligand to accept H-atoms and illustrates the utility of metal ligand cooperation in activating O-H bonds with high bond dissociation energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Chieh Chang
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , USA .
| | - Kate A Jesse
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , USA .
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , USA .
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , USA .
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32
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Halder P, SantaLucia DJ, Park SV, Berry JF. From Pincer to Paddlewheel: C-H and C-S Bond Activation at Bis(2-pyridylthio)methane by Palladium(II). Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2270-2274. [PMID: 30698431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The bis(2-pyridylthio)methanidopalladium(II) pincer complex (1), containing a Pd-C bond, was obtained from the reaction of bis(2-pyridylthio)methane (H2L) with palladium(II) acetate in toluene under reflux. When palladium(II) trifluoroacetate was used, H2L reacted to generate the tetrakis(pyridine-2-thiol)palladium(II) complex (2). Complex 2 was converted to a heterobimetallic palladium(II)-iron(II) paddlewheel complex (3) upon treatment with iron(II) triflate in the presence of a base in acetonitrile at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Halder
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Daniel J SantaLucia
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Sungho V Park
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
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33
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Hoffbauer MR, Comanescu CC, Iluc VM. Reactivity of a Pd(II) carbene towards 2,6-dimesitylphenyldiazomethane and 2,6-dimesitylphenylazide. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Sung S, Tinnermann H, Krämer T, Young RD. Direct oxide transfer from an η2-keto ligand to generate a cobalt PCcarbeneP(O) pincer complex. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9920-9924. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02313e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the direct carbonyl cleavage in a κ3-P′,(η2-C,O),P′′ ligand by a monomeric cobalt centre through metal–ligand cooperativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
| | - Hendrik Tinnermann
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry
- Maynooth University
- Maynooth
- Ireland
| | - Rowan D. Young
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
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35
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Sung S, Wang Q, Krämer T, Young RD. Synthesis and reactivity of a PC carbeneP cobalt(i) complex: the missing link in the cobalt PXP pincer series (X = B, C, N). Chem Sci 2018; 9:8234-8241. [PMID: 30542572 PMCID: PMC6240806 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02782j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first example of a cobalt PCcarbeneP pincer complex (1) featuring a central alkylidene carbon donor accessed through the dehydration of an alcoholic POP proligand.
We report the first example of a cobalt PCcarbeneP pincer complex (1) featuring a central alkylidene carbon donor accessed through the dehydration of an alcoholic POP proligand. Complex 1 shares bonding similarities with cobalt PBP and PNP pincer complexes where the donor atom engages in π-bonding with the cobalt centre, and thus completes the PXP (X = B, C, N) pincer ligand series for cobalt (for X donors that partake in M–L π-bonding). As compared to PBP and PNP pincer complexes, which are known to be good hydride and proton acceptors (respectively), complex 1 is found to be an effective hydrogen atom acceptor. Complex 1 partakes in cooperative ligand reactivity, engaging in several small molecule activations with styrene, bromine, carbon disulphide, phenyl acetylene, acetonitrile, hydrogen, benzaldehyde and water (through microreversibility). The mechanism for the formation of complex 1 is studied through the isolation and computational analysis of key intermediates. The formation of 1 is found to avoid C–H activation of the proligand, and instead proceeds through a combination of O–H activation, hydrogen atom transfer, β-hydride elimination and hydrogen activation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sung
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 .
| | - Qingyang Wang
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 .
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry , Maynooth University , Maynooth , Ireland
| | - Rowan D Young
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 .
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36
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LaPierre EA, Piers WE, Gendy C. Divergent Reactivity of CO2, CO, and Related Substrates at the Nickel Carbon Double Bond of (PCcarbeneP)Ni(II) Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne A. LaPierre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Warren E. Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
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37
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Albéniz AC. Reactive Palladium Carbenes: Migratory Insertion and Other Carbene–Hydrocarbyl Coupling Reactions on Well‐Defined Systems. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Albéniz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica Universidad de Valladolid 47071 Valladolid Spain
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38
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Balázs LB, Tay WS, Li Y, Pullarkat SA, Leung PH. Synthesis of Stereoprojecting, Chiral N-C(sp3)-E Type Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- László B. Balázs
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Wee Shan Tay
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Sumod A. Pullarkat
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Pak-Hing Leung
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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39
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40
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Hoffbauer MR, Comanescu CC, Dymm BJ, Iluc VM. Influence of the Leaving Group on C–H Activation Pathways in Palladium Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R. Hoffbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Cezar C. Comanescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Brittany J. Dymm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Vlad M. Iluc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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41
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Khristolyubov DO, Lyubov DM, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Shavyrin AS, Trifonov AA. Alkali-Metal Alkyl Complexes with the Tridentate Benzhydryl Ligand [2,2′-(4-MeC6H4NMe2)2CH]−. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry O. Khristolyubov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Lyubov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Andrey S. Shavyrin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina str. 49, GSP-445, 630950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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42
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Zhang Y, Schley ND. Reversible alkoxycarbene formation by C-H activation of ethers via discrete, isolable intermediates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:2130-2133. [PMID: 28134384 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09838j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cationic iridium complex bearing a pendant ether ligand is shown to be in equilibrium with the corresponding dihydridoalkoxycarbene resulting from two consecutive C-H activations. Control of the conditions allows for the crystallographic characterization of all three complexes involved in the interconversion of ether and alkoxycarbene functionalities via sequential oxidative addition and α elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.
| | - Nathan D Schley
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.
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43
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Vreshch V, Monot J, Martin-Vaca B, Bourissou D. Synthesis and characterization of a NCsp3N pincer complex upon coordination of a bis(pyridine)-functionalized indene. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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44
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45
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Scharf LT, Weismann J, Feichtner KS, Lindl F, Gessner VH. Versatile Modes of Cooperative B−H Bond Activation Reactions in Ruthenium-Carbene Complexes: Addition, Ring-Opening and Insertion. Chemistry 2018; 24:3439-3443. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lennart T. Scharf
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruhr University Bochum; Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Julia Weismann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Kai-Stephan Feichtner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruhr University Bochum; Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Felix Lindl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruhr University Bochum; Universitätsstrasse 150 44780 Bochum Germany
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46
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LaPierre EA, Piers WE, Gendy C. Redox-state dependent activation of silanes and ammonia with reverse polarity (PCcarbeneP)Ni complexes: electrophilic vs. nucleophilic carbenes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:16789-16797. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04409k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A rigidified PCalkylP ligand allowed for the synthesis and characterization of cationic and radical PCCarbeneP nickel complexes in which the carbene anchor of the pincer framework is electrophilic rather than nucleophilic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne A. LaPierre
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calgary
- 2500 University Drive NW
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Warren E. Piers
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calgary
- 2500 University Drive NW
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calgary
- 2500 University Drive NW
- Calgary
- Canada
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47
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Feichtner KS, Gessner VH. Cooperative bond activation reactions with carbene complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6540-6553. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02198h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the recent advances in the application of carbene complexes in bond activation reactions via metal–ligand cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Stephan Feichtner
- Inorganic Chemistry II
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Inorganic Chemistry II
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
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48
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49
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Rothstein PE, Comanescu CC, Iluc VM. Formation of Palladium η
2
‐Bound Chalcogenoketones across a Pd
+
−C
−
Bond. Chemistry 2017; 23:16948-16952. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E. Rothstein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Cezar C. Comanescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Vlad M. Iluc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
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50
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Puerta Lombardi BM, Brown RM, Gendy C, Chang CY, Chivers T, Roesler R. Nickel and Platinum PCP Pincer Complexes Incorporating an Acyclic Diaminoalkyl Central Moiety Connecting Imidazole or Pyrazole Rings. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M. Puerta Lombardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Rudy M. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chia Yun Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Tristram Chivers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Roland Roesler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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