1
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Yang H, Yu H, Stolarzewicz IA, Tang W. Enantioselective Transformations in the Synthesis of Therapeutic Agents. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9397-9446. [PMID: 37417731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The proportion of approved chiral drugs and drug candidates under medical studies has surged dramatically over the past two decades. As a consequence, the efficient synthesis of enantiopure pharmaceuticals or their synthetic intermediates poses a profound challenge to medicinal and process chemists. The significant advancement in asymmetric catalysis has provided an effective and reliable solution to this challenge. The successful application of transition metal catalysis, organocatalysis, and biocatalysis to the medicinal and pharmaceutical industries has promoted drug discovery by efficient and precise preparation of enantio-enriched therapeutic agents, and facilitated the industrial production of active pharmaceutical ingredient in an economic and environmentally friendly fashion. The present review summarizes the most recent applications (2008-2022) of asymmetric catalysis in the pharmaceutical industry ranging from process scales to pilot and industrial levels. It also showcases the latest achievements and trends in the asymmetric synthesis of therapeutic agents with state of the art technologies of asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hanxiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Izabela A Stolarzewicz
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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2
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Jia Q, Zheng YC, Li HP, Qian XL, Zhang ZJ, Xu JH. Engineering Isopropanol Dehydrogenase for Efficient Regeneration of Nicotinamide Cofactors. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0034122. [PMID: 35442081 PMCID: PMC9088361 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00341-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Isopropanol dehydrogenase (IPADH) is one of the most attractive options for nicotinamide cofactor regeneration due to its low cost and simple downstream processing. However, poor thermostability and strict cofactor dependency hinder its practical application for bioconversions. In this study, we simultaneously improved the thermostability (433-fold) and catalytic activity (3.3-fold) of IPADH from Brucella suis via a flexible segment engineering strategy. Meanwhile, the cofactor preference of IPADH was successfully switched from NAD(H) to NADP(H) by 1.23 × 106-fold. When these variants were employed in three typical bioredox reactions to drive the synthesis of important chiral pharmaceutical building blocks, they outperformed the commonly used cofactor regeneration systems (glucose dehydrogenase [GDH], formate dehydrogenase [FDH], and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]) with respect to efficiency of cofactor regeneration. Overall, our study provides two promising IPADH variants with complementary cofactor specificities that have great potential for wide applications. IMPORTANCE Oxidoreductases represent one group of the most important biocatalysts for synthesis of various chiral synthons. However, their practical application was hindered by the expensive nicotinamide cofactors used. Isopropanol dehydrogenase (IPADH) is one of the most attractive biocatalysts for nicotinamide cofactor regeneration. However, poor thermostability and strict cofactor dependency hinder its practical application. In this work, the thermostability and catalytic activity of an IPADH were simultaneously improved via a flexible segment engineering strategy. Meanwhile, the cofactor preference of IPADH was successfully switched from NAD(H) to NADP(H). The resultant variants show great potential for regeneration of nicotinamide cofactors, and the engineering strategy might serve as a useful approach for future engineering of other oxidoreductases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Cong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Long Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Suzhou Bioforany EnzyTech Co., Ltd., Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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3
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Zhang J, Zhou J, Xu G, Ni Y. Stereodivergent evolution of KpADH for the asymmetric reduction of diaryl ketones with para-substituents. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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4
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Orrego AH, Andrés-Sanz D, Velasco-Lozano S, Sanchez-Costa M, Berenguer J, Guisan JM, Rocha-Martin J, López-Gallego F. Self-sufficient asymmetric reduction of β-ketoesters catalysed by a novel and robust thermophilic alcohol dehydrogenase co-immobilised with NADH. Catal Sci Technol 2021; 11:3217-3230. [PMID: 34094502 PMCID: PMC8111925 DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00268f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
β-Hydroxyesters are essential building blocks utilised by the pharmaceutical and food industries in the synthesis of functional products. Beyond the conventional production methods based on chemical catalysis or whole-cell synthesis, the asymmetric reduction of β-ketoesters with cell-free enzymes is gaining relevance. To this end, a novel thermophilic (S)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase from Thermus thermophilus HB27 (Tt27-HBDH) has been expressed, purified and biochemically characterised, determining its substrate specificity towards β-ketoesters and its dependence on NADH as a cofactor. The immobilization of Tt27-HBDH on agarose macroporous beads and its subsequent coating with polyethyleneimine has been found the best strategy to increase the stability and workability of the heterogeneous biocatalyst. Furthermore, we have embedded NADH in the cationic layer attached to the porous surface of the carrier. Since Tt27-HBDH catalyses cofactor recycling through 2-propanol oxidation, we achieve a self-sufficient heterogeneous biocatalyst where NADH is available for the immobilised enzymes but its lixiviation to the reaction bulk is avoided. Taking advantage of the autofluorescence of NADH, we demonstrate the activity of the enzyme towards the immobilised cofactor through single-particle analysis. Finally, we tested the operational stability in the asymmetric reduction of β-ketoesters in batch, succeeding in the reuse of both the enzyme and the co-immobilised cofactor up to 10 reaction cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro H Orrego
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC Campus UAM, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Center for Molecular Biology Severo-Ochoa (UAM-CSIC) Nicolás Cabrera 1 28049 Madrid Spain
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
| | - Daniel Andrés-Sanz
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
| | - Mercedes Sanchez-Costa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Center for Molecular Biology Severo-Ochoa (UAM-CSIC) Nicolás Cabrera 1 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - José Berenguer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Center for Molecular Biology Severo-Ochoa (UAM-CSIC) Nicolás Cabrera 1 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - José M Guisan
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC Campus UAM, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC Campus UAM, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science María Díaz de Haro 3 48013 Bilbao Spain
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5
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Wang HY, Tang JW, Peng P, Yan HJ, Zhang FL, Chen SX. Development of a Novel Chemoenzymatic Process for ( S)-1-(Pyridin-4-yl)-1,3-propanediol. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia-Wei Tang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peng Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hai-Jun Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Fu-Li Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shao-Xin Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
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6
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Raynbird MY, Sampson JB, Smith DA, Forsyth SM, Moseley JD, Wells AS. Ketone Reductase Biocatalysis in the Synthesis of Chiral Intermediates Toward Generic Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Y. Raynbird
- CatSci Ltd., CBTC2, Capital Business Park, Wentloog, Cardiff CF3 2PX, U.K
| | - Joanne B. Sampson
- CatSci Ltd., CBTC2, Capital Business Park, Wentloog, Cardiff CF3 2PX, U.K
| | - Dan A. Smith
- CatSci Ltd., CBTC2, Capital Business Park, Wentloog, Cardiff CF3 2PX, U.K
| | - Siân M. Forsyth
- CatSci Ltd., CBTC2, Capital Business Park, Wentloog, Cardiff CF3 2PX, U.K
| | | | - Andrew S. Wells
- Charnwood Technical Consulting Ltd., 24 Northage Close, Quorn, Leics LE12 8AT, U.K
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7
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Zhang Q, Wu ZM, Liu S, Tang XL, Zheng RC, Zheng YG. Efficient Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Optically Active Pregabalin from Racemic Isobutylsuccinonitrile. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Biocatalyzed Synthesis of Statins: A Sustainable Strategy for the Preparation of Valuable Drugs. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, are the largest selling class of drugs prescribed for the pharmacological treatment of hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidaemia. Statins also possess other therapeutic effects, called pleiotropic, because the blockade of the conversion of HMG-CoA to (R)-mevalonate produces a concomitant inhibition of the biosynthesis of numerous isoprenoid metabolites (e.g., geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) or farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP)). Thus, the prenylation of several cell signalling proteins (small GTPase family members: Ras, Rac, and Rho) is hampered, so that these molecular switches, controlling multiple pathways and cell functions (maintenance of cell shape, motility, factor secretion, differentiation, and proliferation) are regulated, leading to beneficial effects in cardiovascular health, regulation of the immune system, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, prevention and treatment of sepsis, treatment of autoimmune diseases, osteoporosis, kidney and neurological disorders, or even in cancer therapy. Thus, there is a growing interest in developing more sustainable protocols for preparation of statins, and the introduction of biocatalyzed steps into the synthetic pathways is highly advantageous—synthetic routes are conducted under mild reaction conditions, at ambient temperature, and can use water as a reaction medium in many cases. Furthermore, their high selectivity avoids the need for functional group activation and protection/deprotection steps usually required in traditional organic synthesis. Therefore, biocatalysis provides shorter processes, produces less waste, and reduces manufacturing costs and environmental impact. In this review, we will comment on the pleiotropic effects of statins and will illustrate some biotransformations nowadays implemented for statin synthesis.
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9
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Development of an Efficient and Cost-Effective Enzymatic Process for Production of (R)-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] Ethanol Using Carbonyl Reductase Derived from Leifsonia sp. S749. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 188:87-100. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Enzymatic conversion of CO 2 to CH 3 OH via reverse dehydrogenase cascade biocatalysis: Quantitative comparison of efficiencies of immobilized enzyme systems. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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11
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Zheng GW, Liu YY, Chen Q, Huang L, Yu HL, Lou WY, Li CX, Bai YP, Li AT, Xu JH. Preparation of Structurally Diverse Chiral Alcohols by Engineering Ketoreductase CgKR1. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Wei Zheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuan-Yang Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lei Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- Lab
of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Xiu Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yun-Peng Bai
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ai-Tao Li
- Department
of Biocatalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz
1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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12
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Guo X, Tang JW, Yang JT, Ni GW, Zhang FL, Chen SX. Development of a Practical Enzymatic Process for Preparation of (S)-2-Chloro-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethanol. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Guo
- Shanghai
Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia-Wei Tang
- Shanghai
Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Yang
- Shanghai
Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guo-Wei Ni
- Shanghai
Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fu-Li Zhang
- Shanghai
Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shao-Xin Chen
- Shanghai
Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
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13
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Gong XM, Zheng GW, Liu YY, Xu JH. Identification of a Robust Carbonyl Reductase for Diastereoselectively Building syn-3,5-Dihydroxy Hexanoate: a Bulky Side Chain of Atorvastatin. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Min Gong
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Gao-Wei Zheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - You-Yan Liu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, P. R. China
- Guangxi
Key Laboratory of Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530003, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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14
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Engineering Streptomyces coelicolor Carbonyl Reductase for Efficient Atorvastatin Precursor Synthesis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.00603-17. [PMID: 28389544 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00603-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces coelicolor CR1 (ScCR1) has been shown to be a promising biocatalyst for the synthesis of an atorvastatin precursor, ethyl-(S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate [(S)-CHBE]. However, limitations of ScCR1 observed for practical application include low activity and poor stability. In this work, protein engineering was employed to improve the catalytic efficiency and stability of ScCR1. First, the crystal structure of ScCR1 complexed with NADH and cosubstrate 2-propanol was solved, and the specific activity of ScCR1 was increased from 38.8 U/mg to 168 U/mg (ScCR1I158V/P168S) by structure-guided engineering. Second, directed evolution was performed to improve the stability using ScCR1I158V/P168S as a template, affording a triple mutant, ScCR1A60T/I158V/P168S, whose thermostability (T5015, defined as the temperature at which 50% of initial enzyme activity is lost following a heat treatment for 15 min) and substrate tolerance (C5015, defined as the concentration at which 50% of initial enzyme activity is lost following incubation for 15 min) were 6.2°C and 4.7-fold higher than those of the wild-type enzyme. Interestingly, the specific activity of the triple mutant was further increased to 260 U/mg. Protein modeling and docking analysis shed light on the origin of the improved activity and stability. In the asymmetric reduction of ethyl-4-chloro-3-oxobutyrate (COBE) on a 300-ml scale, 100 g/liter COBE could be completely converted by only 2 g/liter of lyophilized ScCR1A60T/I158V/P168S within 9 h, affording an excellent enantiomeric excess (ee) of >99% and a space-time yield of 255 g liter-1 day-1 These results suggest high efficiency of the protein engineering strategy and good potential of the resulting variant for efficient synthesis of the atorvastatin precursor.IMPORTANCE Application of the carbonyl reductase ScCR1 in asymmetrically synthesizing (S)-CHBE, a key precursor for the blockbuster drug Lipitor, from COBE has been hindered by its low catalytic activity and poor thermostability and substrate tolerance. In this work, protein engineering was employed to improve the catalytic efficiency and stability of ScCR1. The catalytic efficiency, thermostability, and substrate tolerance of ScCR1 were significantly improved by structure-guided engineering and directed evolution. The engineered ScCR1 may serve as a promising biocatalyst for the biosynthesis of (S)-CHBE, and the protein engineering strategy adopted in this work would serve as a useful approach for future engineering of other reductases toward potential application in organic synthesis.
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15
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Feng Y, Luo Z, Sun G, Chen M, Lai J, Lin W, Goldmann S, Zhang L, Wang Z. Development of an Efficient and Scalable Biocatalytic Route to (3R)-3-Aminoazepane: A Pharmaceutically Important Intermediate. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Feng
- School
of Bioscience and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Luo
- HEC
Research and Development Center, HEC Pharm Group, Dongguan 523871, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Sun
- HEC
Research and Development Center, HEC Pharm Group, Dongguan 523871, P. R. China
- Anti-infection
Innovation Department, New Drug Research Institute, HEC Pharma Group, Dong Guan 523871, P. R. China
| | - Minghong Chen
- HEC
Research and Development Center, HEC Pharm Group, Dongguan 523871, P. R. China
| | - Jinqiang Lai
- HEC
Research and Development Center, HEC Pharm Group, Dongguan 523871, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- HEC
Research and Development Center, HEC Pharm Group, Dongguan 523871, P. R. China
| | - Siegfried Goldmann
- HEC
Research and Development Center, HEC Pharm Group, Dongguan 523871, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School
of Bioscience and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqing Wang
- HEC
Research and Development Center, HEC Pharm Group, Dongguan 523871, P. R. China
- Anti-infection
Innovation Department, New Drug Research Institute, HEC Pharma Group, Dong Guan 523871, P. R. China
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16
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Chen X, Liu ZQ, Lin CP, Zheng YG. Efficient biosynthesis of ethyl (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate using a stereoselective carbonyl reductase from Burkholderia gladioli. BMC Biotechnol 2016; 16:70. [PMID: 27756363 PMCID: PMC5070160 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-016-0301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ethyl (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate ((R)-CHBE) is a versatile chiral precursor for many pharmaceuticals. Although several biosynthesis strategies have been documented to convert ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE) to (R)-CHBE, the catalytic efficiency and stereoselectivity are still too low to be scaled up for industrial applications. Due to the increasing demand of (R)-CHBE, it is essential to explore more robust biocatalyst capable of preparing (R)-CHBE efficiently. Results A stereoselective carbonyl reductase toolbox was constructed and employed into the asymmetric reduction of COBE to (R)-CHBE. A robust enzyme designed as BgADH3 from Burkholderia gladioli CCTCC M 2012379 exhibited excellent activity and enantioselectivity, and was further characterized and investigated in the asymmetric synthesis of (R)-CHBE. An economical and satisfactory enzyme-coupled cofactor recycling system was created using recombinant Escherichia coli cells co-expressing BgADH3 and glucose dehydrogenase genes to regenerate NADPH in situ. In an aqueous/octanol biphasic system, as much as 1200 mmol COBE was completely converted by using substrate fed-batch strategy to afford (R)-CHBE with 99.9 % ee at a space-time yield per gram of biomass of 4.47 mmol∙L−1∙h−1∙g DCW−1. Conclusions These data demonstrate the promising of BgADH3 in practical synthesis of (R)-CHBE as a valuable chiral synthon. This study allows for the further application of BgADH3 in the biosynthesis of chiral alcohols, and establishes a preparative scale process for producing (R)-CHBE with excellent enantiopurity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-016-0301-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Chao-Ping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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17
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He YC, Zhang DP, Di JH, Wu YQ, Tao ZC, Liu F, Zhang ZJ, Chong GG, Ding Y, Ma CL. Effective pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with combination pretreatment and its hydrolyzates as reaction media for the biosynthesis of ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate by whole cells of E. coli CCZU-K14. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:720-726. [PMID: 27060248 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, sugarcane bagasse (SB) was pretreated with combination pretreatment (e.g., sequential KOH extraction and ionic liquid soaking, sequential KOH extraction and Fenton soaking, or sequential KOH extraction and glycerol soaking). After the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated SBs, it was found that all these three concentrated hydrolyzates could be used for the asymmetric bioreduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE) into ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate [(S)-CHBE]. Compared with glucose, arabinose and cellobiose couldn't promote the initial reaction rate, and xylose could increase the intracellular NADH content. Moreover, it was the first report that hydrolyzates could be used for the effective biosynthesis of (S)-CHBE (∼500g/L; 98.0% yield) from 3000 COBE by whole cells of Escherichia coli CCZU-K14 in the presence of β-CD (0.4mol β-CD/mol COBE), l-glutamine (200mM) and glycine (500mM). In conclusion, it is a new alternative to utilize bioresource for the synthesis of key chiral intermediate (S)-CHBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cai He
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - Dan-Ping Zhang
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hua Di
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yin-Qi Wu
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Tao
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang-Gang Chong
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Cui-Luan Ma
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
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18
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Xu Q, Tao WY, Huang H, Li S. Highly efficient synthesis of ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate by a novel carbonyl reductase from Yarrowia lipolytica and using mannitol or sorbitol as cosubstrate. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Asymmetric synthesis of lipitor chiral intermediate using a robust carbonyl reductase at high substrate to catalyst ratio. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Xu GC, Yu HL, Shang YP, Xu JH. Enantioselective bioreductive preparation of chiral halohydrins employing two newly identified stereocomplementary reductases. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16779a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two robust stereocomplementary carbonyl reductases (DhCR andCgCR) for preparation of hylohydrins were identified through rescreening the carbonyl reductase toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- and Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- and Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yue-Peng Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- and Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- and Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
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