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Hsp70/Hsp90 Organising Protein (Hop): Coordinating Much More than Chaperones. Subcell Biochem 2023; 101:81-125. [PMID: 36520304 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14740-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Hsp70/Hsp90 organising protein (Hop, also known as stress-inducible protein 1/STI1/STIP1) has received considerable attention for diverse cellular functions in both healthy and diseased states. There is extensive evidence that intracellular Hop is a co-chaperone of the major chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90, playing an important role in the productive folding of Hsp90 client proteins, although recent evidence suggests that eukaryotic Hop is regulatory within chaperone complexes rather than essential. Consequently, Hop is implicated in many key signalling pathways, including aberrant pathways leading to cancer. Hop is also secreted, and it is now well established that Hop interacts with the prion protein, PrPC, to mediate multiple signalling events. The intracellular and extracellular forms of Hop most likely represent two different isoforms, although the molecular determinants of these divergent functions are yet to be identified. There is also a growing body of research that reports the involvement of Hop in cellular activities that appear independent of either chaperones or PrPC. While the various cellular functions of Hop have been described, its biological function remains elusive. However, recent knockout studies in mammals suggest that Hop has an important role in embryonic development. This review provides a critical overview of the latest molecular, cellular and biological research on Hop, critically evaluating its function in healthy systems and how this function is adapted in diseased states.
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2
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Krafft U, Tschirdewahn S, Hess J, Harke NN, Hadaschik BA, Nyirády P, Szendröi A, Szücs M, Módos O, Olah C, Székely E, Reis H, Szarvas T. STIP1 Tissue Expression Is Associated with Survival in Chemotherapy-Treated Bladder Cancer Patients. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:1243-1249. [PMID: 31250373 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To optimize treatment decisions in advanced bladder cancer (BC), we aimed to assess the therapy predictive value of STIP1 with regard to cisplatin therapy. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy represents the standard first-line systemic treatment of advanced bladder cancer. Since novel immunooncologic agents are already available for cisplatin-resistant or ineligible patients, biological markers are needed for the prediction of cisplatin resistance. STIP1 expression was analyzed in paraffin-embedded bladder cancer tissue samples of 98 patients who underwent adjuvant or salvage cisplatin-based chemotherapy by using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, pre-chemotherapy serum STIP1 concentrations were determined in 48 BC patients by ELISA. Results were correlated with the clinicopathological and follow-up data. Stronger STIP1 nuclear staining was associated with worse OS in both the whole patient group (p = 0.034) and the subgroup of patients who received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy (p = 0.043). These correlations remained significant also in the multivariable analyses (p = 0.035 and p = 0.040). Stronger STIP1 cytoplasmatic immunostaining correlated with shorter PFS both in the whole cohort (p = 0.045) and in the subgroup of patients who received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy (p = 0.026). Elevated STIP1 serum levels were associated with older patient's age, but we found no correlation between STIP1 serum levels and patients' outcome. Our results suggest that tissue STIP1 analysis might be used for the prediction of cisplatin-resistance in BC. In contrast, pretreatment STIP1 serum levels showed no predictive value for chemotherapy response and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Krafft
- Department of Urology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - S Tschirdewahn
- Department of Urology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - J Hess
- Department of Urology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - N N Harke
- Department of Urology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - B A Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - P Nyirády
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Szendröi
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M Szücs
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - O Módos
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - C Olah
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Székely
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - H Reis
- Institute of Pathology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tibor Szarvas
- Department of Urology, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany. .,Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Ozdian T, Holub D, Maceckova Z, Varanasi L, Rylova G, Rehulka J, Vaclavkova J, Slavik H, Moudry P, Znojek P, Stankova J, de Sanctis JB, Hajduch M, Dzubak P. Proteomic profiling reveals DNA damage, nucleolar and ribosomal stress are the main responses to oxaliplatin treatment in cancer cells. J Proteomics 2017; 162:73-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Zandvakili I, Lin Y, Morris JC, Zheng Y. Rho GTPases: Anti- or pro-neoplastic targets? Oncogene 2016; 36:3213-3222. [PMID: 27991930 PMCID: PMC5464989 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rho GTPases are critical signal transducers of multiple pathways. They have been proposed to be useful anti-neoplastic targets for over two decades, especially in Ras-driven cancers. Until recently, however, few in vivo studies had been carried out to test this premise. Several recent mouse model studies have verified that Rac1, RhoA, and some of their effector proteins such as PAK and ROCK, are likely anti-cancer targets for treating K-Ras-driven tumors. Other seemingly contradictory studies have suggested that at least in certain instances inhibition of individual Rho GTPases may paradoxically result in pro-neoplastic effects. Significantly, both RhoA GTPase gain- and loss-of-function mutations have been discovered in primary leukemia/lymphoma and gastric cancer by human cancer genome sequencing efforts, suggesting both pro- and anti-neoplastic roles. In this review we summarize and integrate these unexpected findings and discuss the mechanistic implications in the design and application of Rho GTPase targeting strategies in future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zandvakili
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Medical-Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Y Lin
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - J C Morris
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio USA
| | - Y Zheng
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Medical-Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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5
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Baindur-Hudson S, Edkins AL, Blatch GL. Hsp70/Hsp90 organising protein (hop): beyond interactions with chaperones and prion proteins. Subcell Biochem 2015; 78:69-90. [PMID: 25487016 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11731-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Hsp70/Hsp90 organising protein (Hop), also known as stress-inducible protein 1 (STI1), has received considerable attention for diverse cellular functions in both healthy and diseased states. There is extensive evidence that intracellular Hop is a co-chaperone of the major chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90, playing an important role in the productive folding of Hsp90 client proteins. Consequently, Hop is implicated in a number of key signalling pathways, including aberrant pathways leading to cancer. However, Hop is also secreted and it is now well established that Hop also serves as a receptor for the prion protein, PrP(C). The intracellular and extracellular forms of Hop most likely represent two different isoforms, although the molecular determinants of these divergent functions are yet to be identified. There is also a growing body of research that reports the involvement of Hop in cellular activities that appear independent of either chaperones or PrP(C). While Hop has been shown to have various cellular functions, its biological function remains elusive. However, recent knockout studies in mammals suggest that Hop has an important role in embryonic development. This review provides a critical overview of the latest molecular, cellular and biological research on Hop, critically evaluating its function in healthy systems and how this function is adapted in diseases states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Baindur-Hudson
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, VIC 8001, Melbourne, Australia,
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Karsani SA, Saihen NA, Zain RB, Cheong SC, Abdul Rahman M. Comparative proteomics analysis of oral cancer cell lines: identification of cancer associated proteins. Proteome Sci 2014; 12:3. [PMID: 24422745 PMCID: PMC3974152 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-12-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A limiting factor in performing proteomics analysis on cancerous cells is the difficulty in obtaining sufficient amounts of starting material. Cell lines can be used as a simplified model system for studying changes that accompany tumorigenesis. This study used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) to compare the whole cell proteome of oral cancer cell lines vs normal cells in an attempt to identify cancer associated proteins. Results Three primary cell cultures of normal cells with a limited lifespan without hTERT immortalization have been successfully established. 2DE was used to compare the whole cell proteome of these cells with that of three oral cancer cell lines. Twenty four protein spots were found to have changed in abundance. MALDI TOF/TOF was then used to determine the identity of these proteins. Identified proteins were classified into seven functional categories – structural proteins, enzymes, regulatory proteins, chaperones and others. IPA core analysis predicted that 18 proteins were related to cancer with involvements in hyperplasia, metastasis, invasion, growth and tumorigenesis. The mRNA expressions of two proteins – 14-3-3 protein sigma and Stress-induced-phosphoprotein 1 – were found to correlate with the corresponding proteins’ abundance. Conclusions The outcome of this analysis demonstrated that a comparative study of whole cell proteome of cancer versus normal cell lines can be used to identify cancer associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Arai K, Sakamoto R, Kubota D, Kondo T. Proteomic approach toward molecular backgrounds of drug resistance of osteosarcoma cells in spheroid culture system. Proteomics 2013; 13:2351-60. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Arai
- Division of Pharmacoproteomics; National Cancer Center Research Institute; Tokyo Japan
- SCIVAX Corporation; Kanagawa Japan
| | - Ruriko Sakamoto
- Division of Pharmacoproteomics; National Cancer Center Research Institute; Tokyo Japan
- SCIVAX Corporation; Kanagawa Japan
| | - Daisuke Kubota
- Division of Pharmacoproteomics; National Cancer Center Research Institute; Tokyo Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Pharmacoproteomics; National Cancer Center Research Institute; Tokyo Japan
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Satori CP, Henderson MM, Krautkramer EA, Kostal V, Distefano MM, Arriaga EA. Bioanalysis of eukaryotic organelles. Chem Rev 2013; 113:2733-811. [PMID: 23570618 PMCID: PMC3676536 DOI: 10.1021/cr300354g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chad P. Satori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
| | - Michelle M. Henderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
| | - Elyse A. Krautkramer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
| | - Vratislav Kostal
- Tescan, Libusina trida 21, Brno, 623 00, Czech Republic
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry ASCR, Veveri 97, Brno, 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Mark M. Distefano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
| | - Edgar A. Arriaga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
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Tyleckova J, Hrabakova R, Mairychova K, Halada P, Radova L, Dzubak P, Hajduch M, Gadher SJ, Kovarova H. Cancer cell response to anthracyclines effects: mysteries of the hidden proteins associated with these drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:15536-64. [PMID: 23443080 PMCID: PMC3546648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131215536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive proteome map of T-lymphoblastic leukemia cells and its alterations after daunorubicin, doxorubicin and mitoxantrone treatments was monitored and evaluated either by paired comparison with relevant untreated control and using multivariate classification of treated and untreated samples. With the main focus on early time intervals when the influence of apoptosis is minimized, we found significantly different levels of proteins, which corresponded to 1%–2% of the total amount of protein spots detected. According to Gene Ontology classification of biological processes, the highest representation of identified proteins for all three drugs belong to metabolic processes of proteins and nucleic acids and cellular processes, mainly cytoskeleton organisation and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Importantly, we observed significant proportion of changes in proteins involved in the generation of precursor metabolites and energy typical for daunorubicin, transport proteins participating in response to doxorubicin and a group of proteins of immune system characterising response to mitoxantrone. Both a paired comparison and the multivariate evaluation of quantitative data revealed daunorubicin as a distinct member of the group of anthracycline/anthracenedione drugs. A combination of identified drug specific protein changes, which may help to explain anti-cancer activity, together with the benefit of blocking activation of adaptive cancer pathways, presents important approaches to improving treatment outcomes in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirina Tyleckova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics AS CR, v.v.i., 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (J.T.); (R.H.); (K.M.)
| | - Rita Hrabakova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics AS CR, v.v.i., 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (J.T.); (R.H.); (K.M.)
| | - Katerina Mairychova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics AS CR, v.v.i., 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (J.T.); (R.H.); (K.M.)
| | - Petr Halada
- Institute of Microbiology AS CR, v.v.i., 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
| | - Lenka Radova
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Translational and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (L.R.); (P.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Petr Dzubak
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Translational and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (L.R.); (P.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Marian Hajduch
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Translational and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (L.R.); (P.D.); (M.H.)
| | | | - Hana Kovarova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics AS CR, v.v.i., 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (J.T.); (R.H.); (K.M.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +420-315-639-582; Fax: +420-315-639-510
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Dhondge A, Surendran S, Seralathan MV, Naoghare PK, Krishnamurthi K, Devi SS, Chakrabarti T. Cellular alterations and modulation of protein expression in bitumen-challenged human osteoblast cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 19:4030-4041. [PMID: 22528993 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-0879-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are many arguments on the carcinogenic potential of bitumen extract. The mechanism of bitumen-induced damage is not well understood at the molecular level. Therefore, in the present study, cell-transforming and tumor-inducing potential of bitumen extract was studied using in vitro [human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells] and in vivo [nude and severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice] models. METHODS Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was carried out to find out the existence of carcinogenic compounds in the bitumen extract. Cell transformation test, anchorage independence assay, karyotyping assay, tumorigenicity assay, and 2-DE analysis were used to find out the effect of bitumen using the in vitro and in vivo models. RESULTS GC/MS analysis showed the existence of carcinogenic compounds in the bitumen extract. HOS cells were treated with different concentrations (25, 50, and 100 μl/ml) of bitumen extract. Compared to the parental HOS cells, bitumen transformants (HOS T1 and HOS T2) showed the characteristics of anchorage independency, chromosomal anomaly, and cellular transformation. Interestingly, bitumen transformants were not able to form tumor in nude/SCID mice. Proteomic analysis revealed the existence of 19 differentially expressed proteins involved in progression of cancer, angiogenesis, cell adhesion, etc. CONCLUSIONS Exposure of bitumen extract to HOS cells results in the cellular transformation similar to cancer cells and can modulate proteins involved in the progression of cancer. We state that the non-tumorogenic potential of bitumen transformant in nude/SCID mice can be attributed to the downregulation of galectin-1, chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 1-like gene, and membrane-associated guanylate kinase 2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Dhondge
- National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, India
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Ciocca DR, Arrigo AP, Calderwood SK. Heat shock proteins and heat shock factor 1 in carcinogenesis and tumor development: an update. Arch Toxicol 2012; 87:19-48. [PMID: 22885793 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-012-0918-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a subset of the molecular chaperones, best known for their rapid and abundant induction by stress. HSP genes are activated at the transcriptional level by heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1). During the progression of many types of cancer, this heat shock transcriptional regulon becomes co-opted by mechanisms that are currently unclear, although evidently triggered in the emerging tumor cell. Concerted activation of HSF1 and the accumulation of HSPs then participate in many of the traits that permit the malignant phenotype. Thus, cancers of many histologies exhibit activated HSF1 and increased HSP levels that may help to deter tumor suppression and evade therapy in the clinic. We review here the extensive work that has been carried out and is still in progress aimed at (1) understanding the oncogenic mechanisms by which HSP genes are switched on, (2) determining the roles of HSF1/HSP in malignant transformation and (3) discovering approaches to therapy based on disrupting the influence of the HSF1-controlled transcriptome in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Ciocca
- Oncology Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), Scientific and Technological Center (CCT), CONICET, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Andre Patrick Arrigo
- Apoptosis Cancer and Development, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), UMR INSERM 1052-CNRS 5286, Claude Bernard University, Lyon-1, Cheney A Building, Centre Regional Léon Bérard, 28, rue Laennec 69008 LYON, France. ;
| | - Stuart K Calderwood
- Molecular and Cellular Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA02215
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Li J, Sun X, Wang Z, Chen L, Li D, Zhou J, Liu M. Regulation of vascular endothelial cell polarization and migration by Hsp70/Hsp90-organizing protein. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36389. [PMID: 22558459 PMCID: PMC3340350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hsp70/Hsp90-organizing protein (HOP) is a member of the co-chaperone family, which directly binds to chaperones to regulate their activities. The participation of HOP in cell motility and endothelial cell functions remains largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that HOP is critically involved in endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. Tube formation and capillary sprouting experiments reveal that depletion of HOP expression significantly inhibits vessel formation from endothelial cells. Wound healing and transwell migration assays show that HOP is important for endothelial cell migration. By examination of centrosome reorientation and membrane ruffle dynamics, we find that HOP plays a crucial role in the establishment of cell polarity in response to migratory stimulus. Furthermore, our data show that HOP interacts with tubulin and colocalizes with microtubules in endothelial cells. These findings indicate HOP as a novel regulator of angiogenesis that functions through promoting vascular endothelial cell polarization and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Shin DH, Min HY, El-Naggar AK, Lippman SM, Glisson B, Lee HY. Akt/mTOR counteract the antitumor activities of cixutumumab, an anti-insulin-like growth factor I receptor monoclonal antibody. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:2437-48. [PMID: 21980128 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports have shown limited anticancer therapeutic efficacy of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R)-targeted monoclonal antibodies (mAb), but the resistance mechanisms have not been completely identified. Because cooperation between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and IGF-IR could cause resistance to inhibitors of individual receptor tyrosine kinases, we investigated the involvement of EGFR signaling in resistance to IGF-1R mAb and the underlying mechanisms of action. Most head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissues had coexpression of total and phosphorylated IGF-1R and EGFR at high levels compared with paired adjacent normal tissues. Treatment with cixutumumab (IMC-A12), a fully humanized IgG1 mAb, induced activation of Akt and mTOR, resulting in de novo synthesis of EGFR, Akt1, and survivin proteins and activation of the EGFR pathway in cixutumumab-resistant HNSCC and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Targeting mTOR and EGFR pathways by treatment with rapamycin and cetuximab (an anti-EGFR mAb), respectively, prevented cixutumumab-induced expression of EGFR, Akt, and survivin and induced synergistic antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. These data show that resistance to IGF-1R inhibition by mAbs is associated with Akt/mTOR-directed enhanced synthesis of EGFR, Akt1, and survivin. Our findings suggest that Akt/mTOR might be effective targets to overcome the resistance to IGF-1R mAbs in HNSCC and NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Drug Antagonism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/physiology
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/immunology
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Shin
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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