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An J, Zhang M, Fu Y, Zhang Q, Si Y, Zhang Y, Fang Y, Zhang D. Emerging electrochemical biosensors for lung cancer-associated protein biomarker and miRNA detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135972. [PMID: 39322139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains a major driver of global morbidity and mortality, and diagnosing lung tumors early in their development is vital to maximizing treatment efficacy and patient survival. Several biomarkers, including CYFRA 21-1, NSE, ProGRP, CEA, and miRNA, have been identified as reliable indicators for early lung cancer detection and monitoring treatment progress. However, the minute changes in the levels of these biomarkers during the early stages of disease necessitate advanced detection platforms. In this space, electrochemical biosensors have currently emerged as robust tools for early lung cancer screening and diagnosis owing to their low costs, rapid responses, and superior sensitivity and selectivity. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the application of electrochemiluminescence, photoelectrochemical, and other electrochemical analytical strategies for detecting lung cancer-associated protein biomarkers, and miRNA. This review compares these techniques to provide a concise overview of the principles underlying these electrochemical analytical methods, the preparation of their components, and the performance of the resulting biosensors. Lastly, a discussion of the challenges and opportunities associated with electrochemical biosensors detection of lung cancer-associated biomarkers are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying An
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Yu Fu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Qingxiang Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Yuxin Si
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Youlin Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent and Green Pharmaceuticals for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
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Genet SAAM, van den Wildenberg SAH, Broeren MAC, van Dongen JLJ, Brunsveld L, Scharnhorst V, van de Kerkhof D. Quantification of the lung cancer tumor marker CYFRA 21-1 using protein precipitation, immunoaffinity bottom-up LC-MS/MS. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:720-728. [PMID: 37886827 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Numerous studies have proven the potential of cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) detection in the (early) diagnosis and treatment monitoring of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Conventional immunoassays for CYFRA 21-1 quantification are however prone to interferences and lack diagnostic sensitivity and standardization. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is an emerging approach based on a different, often superior, detection principle, which may improve the clinical applicability of CYFRA 21-1 in cancer diagnostics. Therefore, we developed and validated a protein precipitation, immunoaffinity (IA) LC-MS/MS assay for quantitative analysis of serum CYFRA 21-1. METHODS Selective sample preparation was performed using ammonium sulfate (AS) precipitation, IA purification, tryptic digestion and LC-MS/MS quantification using a signature peptide and isotopically labeled internal standard. The workflow was optimized and validated according to EMA guidelines and results were compared to a conventional immunoassay. RESULTS Significant interference effects were seen during IA purification, which were sufficiently solved by performing AS precipitation prior to IA purification. A linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 1.0-100 ng/mL (R2=0.98). Accuracy and precision were well within acceptance criteria. In sera of patients suspected of lung cancer, the method showed good correlation with the immunoassay. CONCLUSIONS A robust AS precipitation-IA LC-MS/MS assay for the quantification of serum CYFRA 21-1 was developed. With this assay, the clinically added value of LC-MS/MS-based detection over immunoassays can be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia A A M Genet
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian A H van den Wildenberg
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten A C Broeren
- Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Joost L J van Dongen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Volkher Scharnhorst
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van de Kerkhof
- Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Expert Center Clinical Chemistry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Takahata Y, Hara M, Nishino K, Kawakami T. Immuno-Mass Spectrometry Workflow for Quantification of Serum α-Fetoprotein Using Antibody-Immobilized Magnetic Beads and Modified Eluents. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2023; 12:A0122. [PMID: 37260735 PMCID: PMC10227195 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Immuno-mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful method for the quantitative analysis of low-abundance proteins in biological specimens. In these procedures, collecting specifically and efficiently the target protein antigens from the antigen-antibody complex generated on the surface of nanocarrier beads is crucial and can be performed by hydrolyzing the proteins directly on the beads or after elution. Herein, we optimized the conditions of the immunoaffinity purification via elution using serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) as a model and its specific antibody immobilized covalently on magnetic beads. Antibody-coated beads were incubated with human serum spiked with standard AFP for antigen-antibody reaction. AFP was then eluted from the beads using various eluents, including organic solvents, to optimize the elution conditions. After proteolytically hydrolyzing the eluted protein, stable isotope-labeled standard peptides were added to the hydrolysate to quantify the eluted AFP via liquid chromatography-tandem MS. Using an optimized workflow for quantitative analysis afforded a correlation between the amount of spiked AFP and heavy to light ratios calculated based on peptide ion peak areas, from which an endogenous AFP concentration of 2.3±0.6 ng/mL was determined in normal serum; this is consistent with previous reports using radioimmunoassay methods. The present immuno-MS workflow could apply to the detection and quantitation of other low-abundance biofluid biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Takahata
- Biomolecule Analysis Group, Medical ProteoScope Co., Ltd., Yokohama Kanazawa High-Tech Center Techno Core, 1–1–1 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236–0004, Japan
| | - Misato Hara
- Tamagawa Seiki Co., Ltd., 1879 Ohyasumi, Iida, Nagano 395–8515, Japan
| | - Kouhei Nishino
- Biomolecule Analysis Group, Medical ProteoScope Co., Ltd., Yokohama Kanazawa High-Tech Center Techno Core, 1–1–1 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236–0004, Japan
| | - Takao Kawakami
- Biomolecule Analysis Group, Medical ProteoScope Co., Ltd., Yokohama Kanazawa High-Tech Center Techno Core, 1–1–1 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236–0004, Japan
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4
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Halvorsen TG, Levernæs MCS, Rosting C. Matrix-Assisted Ionization and Tandem Mass Spectrometry Capabilities in Protein Biomarker Characterization-An Initial Study Using the Small Cell Lung Cancer Biomarker Progastrin Releasing Peptide as a Model Compound. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:611-614. [PMID: 33382608 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This initial study evaluates vacuum matrix-assisted ionization (vMAI) mass spectrometry (MS) for identification and determination of tryptic peptides from the biomarker protein progastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP). Similar peptides and charge states were observed as in liquid chromatography (LC) electrospray ionization (ESI) MS. The prolonged ion duration in vMAI with similar charge states as in ESI was advantageous for determining the MS/MS fragmentation conditions compared to MAI. It is assumed that the vacuum ionization conditions lower the detection limits of the experiment. This may be the reason vMAI combined with high resolution MS enabled detection of tryptic peptides from more digested proteins than MAI selected reaction monitoring MS. Additionally, MAI ion mobility spectrometry MS (MAI-IMS-MS) was evaluated for differentiation of intact protein isoforms, successfully enabling differentiation of the isoforms by drift time selection. Examples are both shown for model proteins bovine serum albumin, cytochrome C, and lysozyme and the clinically relevant small cell lung cancer protein biomarker ProGRP, which exists in three isoforms. Coupling with the vacuum ionization conditions using a dedicated vacuum-probe source MAI enables information to be extracted readily as with conventional approaches, just faster.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cecilie Rosting
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
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5
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Skjaervø Ø, Trimpin S, Halvorsen TG. Matrix-assisted ionization mass spectrometry in targeted protein analysis - An initial evaluation. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35 Suppl 1:e8437. [PMID: 30883961 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Matrix-assisted ionization (MAI) is a relatively new ionization technique for analysis by mass spectrometry (MS). The technique is simple and has been shown to be less influenced by matrix effects than e.g. electrospray ionization (ESI). These features are of interest in the targeted analysis of proteins from biological samples. METHODS Targeted protein determination by MAI-MS was evaluated using a triple quadrupole mass analyzer equipped with a stripped nanoESI source in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The proteins were analyzed using the bottom-up approach with stable isotopic labeled peptides as internal standards (IS). The MAI matrix was 3-nitrobenzonitrile dissolved in acetonitrile. Aqueous sample and matrix solution were mixed in a 1:3 volume ratio. One microlitre of the dried matrix/analyte sample was introduced into the inlet of the mass spectrometer where ionization commences. RESULTS SRM settings established for ESI-SRM-MS of the peptides here investigated were applicable in MAI-SRM-MS for all evaluated peptides except one that is poorly soluble in water. Addition of IS provided efficient correction at most levels (relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤28% (except lowest digest level), r2 ≥ 0.995). This was also true for the more complex biological matrices, diluted urine (1:1; RSD = 20% a synthetic peptide, NLLGLIEAK) and diluted digested serum (1:100; RSD = 7% digested cytochrome C). Biological matrix influenced the signal intensity unless sufficiently diluted. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that MAI-SRM-MS has promising potential in targeted protein determination by the bottom-up approach because of its simplicity, ease of use, and speed. However, more data is needed to confirm the results prior to application in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Skjaervø
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sarah Trimpin
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Trine Grønhaug Halvorsen
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
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Levernæs MCS, Moe AU, Bøe SL, Paus E, Reubsaet L, Halvorsen TG. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry based characterization of epitope configurations. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5476-5484. [PMID: 33141131 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we evaluate a quick and easy tool for determination of epitope configuration using immunocapture and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) subsequent to pre-treatment of the target protein to disrupt its three-dimensional structure. The approach can be a valuable screening tool to identify antibodies that can be used in peptide capture by anti-protein antibodies. The experimental set-up was established using seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with known linear or conformational epitope recognition. The mAbs were developed to target either of the two biomarkers, progastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Best coherence with established epitope configuration was seen when using both denaturation, reduction and alkylation as pre-treatment method of the proteins (≥70% reduction in MS signal intensity compared to control) prior to immunocapture and LC-MS determination. The final method was used to determine the epitope configuration of four anti-thyroglobulin mAbs with unknown epitope configuration; all four mAbs showed configurational epitope recognition. These results were also supported by western blots of native, and reduced and alkylated protein using three of the evaluated mAbs, and by analysis native, and reduced and alkylated protein in a routine immunofluorometric assay employing the four evaluated antibodies.
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7
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McKitterick N, Braathen F, Switnicka-Plak MA, Cormack PAG, Reubsaet L, Halvorsen TG. Magnetic Synthetic Receptors for Selective Clean-Up in Protein Biomarker Quantification. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:3573-3582. [PMID: 32614597 PMCID: PMC7467826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Biomarker analysis by mass spectrometry
(MS) can allow for the
rapid quantification of low abundant biomarkers. However, the complexity
of human serum is a limiting factor in MS-based bioanalysis; therefore,
novel biomarker enrichment strategies are of interest, particularly
if the enrichment strategies are of low cost and are easy to use.
One such strategy involves the use of molecularly imprinted polymers
(MIPs) as synthetic receptors for biomarker enrichment. In the present
study, a magnetic solid-phase extraction (mSPE) platform, based on
magnetic MIP (mMIP) sorbents, is disclosed, for use in the MS-based
quantification of proteins by the bottom-up approach. Progastrin releasing
peptide (ProGRP), a low abundant and clinically sensitive biomarker
for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), was used to exemplify the mSPE
platform. Four different mMIPs were synthesized, and an mSPE method
was developed and optimized for the extraction of low concentrations
of tryptic peptides from human serum. The mSPE method enabled the
selective extraction of the ProGRP signature peptide, the nonapeptide
NLLGLIEAK, prior to quantification of the target via LC-MS/MS. Overall,
the mSPE method demonstrated its potential as a low cost, rapid, and
straightforward sample preparation method, with demonstrably strong
binding, acceptable recoveries, and good compatibility with MS. mMIPs
are a potential low-cost alternative to current clinical methods for
biomarker analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas McKitterick
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Frida Braathen
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Magdalena A Switnicka-Plak
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, U.K
| | - Peter A G Cormack
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, U.K
| | - Léon Reubsaet
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine Grønhaug Halvorsen
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Dai Z, Zhu J, Huang H, Fang L, Lin Y, Huang S, Xie F, Sheng N, Liang X. Expression and clinical value of gastrin‐releasing peptide precursor in nephropathy and chronic kidney disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 2020; 25:398-405. [PMID: 31412142 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Dai
- Center of Clinical LaboratoryZhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Jianhui Zhu
- Center of Clinical LaboratoryZhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Huibin Huang
- Center of Clinical LaboratoryZhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Lili Fang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Yongzhi Lin
- Center of Clinical LaboratoryZhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Songjie Huang
- Center of Clinical LaboratoryZhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Fang Xie
- Center of Clinical LaboratoryZhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Nan Sheng
- Center of Clinical LaboratoryZhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Xianming Liang
- Center of Clinical LaboratoryZhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Medical College of Xiamen University Xiamen China
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Levernæs MCS, Farhat B, Oulie I, Abdullah SS, Paus E, Reubsaet L, Halvorsen TG. Immunocapture sample clean-up in determination of low abundant protein biomarkers – a feasibility study of peptide capture by anti-protein antibodies. RSC Adv 2019; 9:34902-34911. [PMID: 35702551 PMCID: PMC9097496 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05071j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunocapture in mass spectrometry based targeted protein analysis using a bottom-up workflow is nowadays mainly performed by target protein extraction using anti-protein antibodies followed by tryptic digestion. Already available monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which were developed against intact target proteins (anti-protein antibodies) can capture proteotypic epitope containing peptides after tryptic digestion of the sample. In the present paper considerations when developing a method for targeted protein quantitation through capture of epitope containing peptides are discussed and a method applying peptide capture by anti-protein antibodies is compared with conventional immunocapture MS. The model protein used for this purpose was progastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP), a validated low abundant biomarker for Small Cell Lung Cancer with reference values in serum in the pg mL−1 range. A set of mAbs which bind linear epitopes of ProGRP are available, and after a theoretical consideration, three mAbs (E146, E149 and M18) were evaluated for extraction of proteotypic epitope peptides from a complex sample. M18 was the best performing mAb for peptide capture by anti-protein antibodies, matching the LOD (54 pg mL−1) and LOQ (181 pg mL−1) of the existing conventional immunocapture LC-MS/MS method for determination of ProGRP. Peptide and protein capture using the same mAb were also compared with respect to sample clean-up, and the peptide capture workflow yielded cleaner extracts and therewith less complex chromatograms. Analysis of five patient samples demonstrated that peptide capture by anti-protein antibodies can be used for the determination of various levels of endogenously present ProGRP. Targeted protein biomarker determination by immunocapture LC-MS/MS: comparison of peptide and protein capture using anti-protein antibodies.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bassem Farhat
- Department Pharmacy
- University of Oslo
- 0316 Oslo
- Norway
| | - Inger Oulie
- Department Pharmacy
- University of Oslo
- 0316 Oslo
- Norway
| | | | - Elisabeth Paus
- Department of Medical Biochemistry
- Norwegian Radium Hospital
- Oslo University Hospital
- Norway
| | - Léon Reubsaet
- Department Pharmacy
- University of Oslo
- 0316 Oslo
- Norway
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Boysen RI. Advances in the development of molecularly imprinted polymers for the separation and analysis of proteins with liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:51-71. [PMID: 30411488 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review documents recent advances in the design, synthesis, characterization, and application of molecularly imprinted polymers in the form of monoliths and particles/beads for the use in the separation and analysis of proteins with solid-phase extraction or liquid chromatography. The merits of three-dimensional molecular imprinting, whereby the molecular template is randomly embedded in the polymer, and two-dimensional imprinting, in which the template is confined to the surface, are described. Target protein binding can be achieved by either using the entire protein as a template or by using a protein substructure as template, that is, a peptide, as in the "epitope" approach. The intended approach and strategy then determine the choice of polymerization method. A synopsis has been provided on methods used for the physical, chemical, and functional characterizations and associated performance evaluations of molecularly imprinted and nonimprinted control polymers, involving a diverse range of analytical techniques commonly used for low and high molecular mass analytes. Examples of recent applications demonstrate that, due to the versatility of imprinting methods, molecularly imprinted monoliths or particles/beads can be adapted to protein extraction/depletion and separation procedures relevant to, for example, protein biomarker detection and quantification in biomedical diagnostics and targeted proteomics.
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Levernæs MCS, Brandtzaeg OK, Amundsen SF, Reubsaet L, Lundanes E, Halvorsen TG, Wilson SR. Selective Fishing for Peptides with Antibody-Immobilized Acrylate Monoliths, Coupled Online with NanoLC-MS. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13860-13866. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maren C. S. Levernæs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0316, Norway
| | | | - Sunniva Furre Amundsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0316, Norway
| | - Léon Reubsaet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0316, Norway
| | - Elsa Lundanes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine G. Halvorsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0316, Norway
| | - Steven R. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
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12
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Viodé A, Fournier C, Camuzat A, Fenaille F, Latouche M, Elahi F, Le Ber I, Junot C, Lamari F, Anquetil V, Becher F. New Antibody-Free Mass Spectrometry-Based Quantification Reveals That C9ORF72 Long Protein Isoform Is Reduced in the Frontal Cortex of Hexanucleotide-Repeat Expansion Carriers. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:589. [PMID: 30210275 PMCID: PMC6122177 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by behavioral and language disorders. The main genetic cause of FTD is an intronic hexanucleotide repeat expansion (G4C2)n in the C9ORF72 gene. A loss of function of the C9ORF72 protein associated with the allele-specific reduction of C9ORF72 expression is postulated to contribute to the disease pathogenesis. To better understand the contribution of the loss of function to the disease mechanism, we need to determine precisely the level of reduction in C9ORF72 long and short isoforms in brain tissue from patients with C9ORF72 mutations. In this study, we developed a sensitive and robust mass spectrometry (MS) method for quantifying C9ORF72 isoform levels in human brain tissue without requiring antibody or affinity reagent. An optimized workflow based on surfactant-aided protein extraction and pellet digestion was established for optimal recovery of the two isoforms in brain samples. Signature peptides, common or specific to the isoforms, were targeted in brain extracts by multiplex MS through the parallel reaction monitoring mode on a Quadrupole-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometer. The assay was successfully validated and subsequently applied to frontal cortex brain samples from a cohort of FTD patients with C9ORF72 mutations and neurologically normal controls without mutations. We showed that the C9ORF72 short isoform in the frontal cortices is below detection threshold in all tested individuals and the C9ORF72 long isoform is significantly decreased in C9ORF72 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Viodé
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Clémence Fournier
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Camuzat
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Morwena Latouche
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Elahi
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Rare or Early Dementias, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Junot
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Foudil Lamari
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Paris, France.,GRC 13 Neurométabolisme - UPMC, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Anquetil
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - François Becher
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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13
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Highly selective and sensitive measurement of active forms of FGF21 using novel immunocapture enrichment with LC–MS/MS. Bioanalysis 2018; 10:23-33. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2017-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Recombinant FGF21 analogs are under wide ranging investigations as a potential therapeutic agent for Type 2 diabetes, as well as other metabolic disorders. The endogenous FGF21 is often used as a surrogate pharmacodynamic(PD) biomarker to assess drug efficacy and safety. Results & methodology: Immunocapture was performed using a monoclonal antibody which had been generated to bind to specific domain of native FGF21 as the capture reagent. After immunocapture, enzymatic digestion was performed and a native FGF21-specific tryptic peptide was monitored using LC–MS/MS by selective reaction monitoring. Conclusion: We have successfully developed and validated a bioanalytical assay which provides the specificity to differentiate the endogenous FGF21 from the recombinant therapeutic agent which has nearly identical sequence to the endogenous molecule.
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14
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Levernæs MCS, Broughton MN, Reubsaet L, Halvorsen TG. To elute or not to elute in immunocapture bottom-up LC–MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1055-1056:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Automated Protein Biomarker Analysis: on-line extraction of clinical samples by Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44298. [PMID: 28303910 PMCID: PMC5355873 DOI: 10.1038/srep44298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Robust biomarker quantification is essential for the accurate diagnosis of diseases and is of great value in cancer management. In this paper, an innovative diagnostic platform is presented which provides automated molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for biomarker determination using ProGastrin Releasing Peptide (ProGRP), a highly sensitive biomarker for Small Cell Lung Cancer, as a model. Molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres were synthesized by precipitation polymerization and analytical optimization of the most promising material led to the development of an automated quantification method for ProGRP. The method enabled analysis of patient serum samples with elevated ProGRP levels. Particularly low sample volumes were permitted using the automated extraction within a method which was time-efficient, thereby demonstrating the potential of such a strategy in a clinical setting.
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16
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Rossetti C, Levernæs MC, Reubsaet L, Halvorsen TG. Evaluation of affinity-based serum clean-up in mass spectrometric analysis: Plastic vs monoclonal antibodies. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1471:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Fredolini C, Byström S, Pin E, Edfors F, Tamburro D, Iglesias MJ, Häggmark A, Hong MG, Uhlen M, Nilsson P, Schwenk JM. Immunocapture strategies in translational proteomics. Expert Rev Proteomics 2015; 13:83-98. [PMID: 26558424 PMCID: PMC4732419 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2016.1111141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aiming at clinical studies of human diseases, antibody-assisted assays have been applied to biomarker discovery and toward a streamlined translation from patient profiling to assays supporting personalized treatments. In recent years, integrated strategies to couple and combine antibodies with mass spectrometry-based proteomic efforts have emerged, allowing for novel possibilities in basic and clinical research. Described in this review are some of the field's current and emerging immunocapture approaches from an affinity proteomics perspective. Discussed are some of their advantages, pitfalls and opportunities for the next phase in clinical and translational proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fredolini
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sanna Byström
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Elisa Pin
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Edfors
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Davide Tamburro
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, SciLifeLab, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Maria Jesus Iglesias
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anna Häggmark
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mun-Gwan Hong
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlen
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
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18
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Moody TW, Moreno P, Jensen RT. Neuropeptides as lung cancer growth factors. Peptides 2015; 72:106-11. [PMID: 25836991 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript is written in honor of the Festschrift for Abba Kastin. I met Abba at a Society for Neuroscience meeting and learned that he was Editor-in-Chief of the Journal Peptides. I submitted manuscripts to the journal on "Neuropeptides as Growth Factors in Cancer" and subsequently was named to the Editorial Advisory Board. Over the past 30 years I have published dozens of manuscripts in Peptides and reviewed hundreds of submitted manuscripts. It was always rewarding to interact with Abba, a consummate professional. When I attended meetings in New Orleans I would sometimes go out to dinner with him at the restaurant "Commanders Palace". When I chaired the Summer Neuropeptide Conference we were honored to have him receive the Fleur Strand Award one year in Israel. I think that his biggest editorial contribution has been the "Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides." I served as a Section Editor on "Cancer/Anticancer Peptides" and again found that it was a pleasure working with him. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which bombesin-like peptides, neurotensin and vasoactive intestinal peptide regulate the growth of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Paola Moreno
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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19
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Rossetti C, Abdel Qader A, Halvorsen TG, Sellergren B, Reubsaet L. Antibody-Free Biomarker Determination: Exploring Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Pro-Gastrin Releasing Peptide. Anal Chem 2014; 86:12291-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503559c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Rossetti
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Abed Abdel Qader
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry,
Institute for Environmental Research (INFU), Technical University of Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Trine Grønhaug Halvorsen
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Börje Sellergren
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry,
Institute for Environmental Research (INFU), Technical University of Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, University of Malmö, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Léon Reubsaet
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
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20
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Peptide imprinted receptors for the determination of the small cell lung cancer associated biomarker progastrin releasing peptide. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1370:56-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Gianazza E, Tremoli E, Banfi C. The selected reaction monitoring/multiple reaction monitoring-based mass spectrometry approach for the accurate quantitation of proteins: clinical applications in the cardiovascular diseases. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:771-88. [PMID: 25400095 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.947966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Selected reaction monitoring, also known as multiple reaction monitoring, is a powerful targeted mass spectrometry approach for a confident quantitation of proteins/peptides in complex biological samples. In recent years, its optimization and application have become pivotal and of great interest in clinical research to derive useful outcomes for patient care. Thus, selected reaction monitoring/multiple reaction monitoring is now used as a highly sensitive and selective method for the evaluation of protein abundances and biomarker verification with potential applications in medical screening. This review describes technical aspects for the development of a robust multiplex assay and discussing its recent applications in cardiovascular proteomics: verification of promising disease candidates to select only the highest quality peptides/proteins for a preclinical validation, as well as quantitation of protein isoforms and post-translational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Gianazza
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Biochemistry of Atherothrombosis, Unit of Proteomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy
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22
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Torsetnes SB, Levernæs MS, Broughton MN, Paus E, Halvorsen TG, Reubsaet L. Multiplexing Determination of Small Cell Lung Cancer Biomarkers and Their Isovariants in Serum by Immunocapture LC-MS/MS. Anal Chem 2014; 86:6983-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ac500986t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silje B. Torsetnes
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, NO-0316, Norway
| | - Maren S. Levernæs
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, NO-0316, Norway
| | - Marianne N. Broughton
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, 0310, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Paus
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, 0310, Norway
| | - Trine G. Halvorsen
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, NO-0316, Norway
| | - Léon Reubsaet
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, NO-0316, Norway
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23
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Determining ProGRP and isoforms in lung and thyroid cancer patient samples: comparing an MS method with a routine clinical immunoassay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:2733-8. [PMID: 24518900 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper compares two methods to determine the tumor marker progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP): as routine assay, the automated time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (TR-IFMA), which allows total ProGRP determination; and the immunocapture liquid chromatography selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (LC-SRM-MS) method, which additionally allows isoform differentiation. The investigation included 60 serum samples from patients suffering from various cancer diseases which may cause elevated ProGRP levels (small cell lung carcinoma; SCLC, non-small cell lung carcinoma; NCLC; and medullary thyroid cancer; MTC, as well as some with unspecific diagnosis). The two methods showed good correlation (R (2) = 0.887). However, the MS method determines the total ProGRP concentration systematically approximately 30 % lower than the TR-IFMA, implying that the absolute values generated by the methods are not interchangeable. The MS method gives additional information about isoform levels in the samples, providing novel insight into isoform expression on the protein level.
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24
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Chambers AG, Percy AJ, Simon R, Borchers CH. MRM for the verification of cancer biomarker proteins: recent applications to human plasma and serum. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:137-48. [PMID: 24476379 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.877346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Accurate cancer biomarkers are needed for early detection, disease classification, prediction of therapeutic response and monitoring treatment. While there appears to be no shortage of candidate biomarker proteins, a major bottleneck in the biomarker pipeline continues to be their verification by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), also known as selected reaction monitoring, is a targeted mass spectrometry approach to protein quantitation and is emerging to bridge the gap between biomarker discovery and clinical validation. Highly multiplexed MRM assays are readily configured and enable simultaneous verification of large numbers of candidates facilitating the development of biomarker panels which can increase specificity. This review focuses on recent applications of MRM to the analysis of plasma and serum from cancer patients for biomarker verification. The current status of this approach is discussed along with future directions for targeted mass spectrometry in clinical biomarker validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Chambers
- University of Victoria - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, #3101 - 4464 Markham St, Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
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25
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Viglio S, Stolk J, Iadarola P, Giuliano S, Luisetti M, Salvini R, Fumagalli M, Bardoni A. Respiratory Proteomics Today: Are Technological Advances for the Identification of Biomarker Signatures Catching up with Their Promise? A Critical Review of the Literature in the Decade 2004-2013. Proteomes 2014; 2:18-52. [PMID: 28250368 PMCID: PMC5302730 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes2010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve the knowledge on a variety of severe disorders, research has moved from the analysis of individual proteins to the investigation of all proteins expressed by a tissue/organism. This global proteomic approach could prove very useful: (i) for investigating the biochemical pathways involved in disease; (ii) for generating hypotheses; or (iii) as a tool for the identification of proteins differentially expressed in response to the disease state. Proteomics has not been used yet in the field of respiratory research as extensively as in other fields, only a few reproducible and clinically applicable molecular markers, which can assist in diagnosis, having been currently identified. The continuous advances in both instrumentation and methodology, which enable sensitive and quantitative proteomic analyses in much smaller amounts of biological material than before, will hopefully promote the identification of new candidate biomarkers in this area. The aim of this report is to critically review the application over the decade 2004-2013 of very sophisticated technologies to the study of respiratory disorders. The observed changes in protein expression profiles from tissues/fluids of patients affected by pulmonary disorders opens the route for the identification of novel pathological mediators of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Viglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3/B, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Jan Stolk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333, The Netherlands.
| | - Paolo Iadarola
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3/B, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Serena Giuliano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3/B, Pavia 27100, Italy.
- Faculty of Science "Parc Valrose", University of Nice "Sophia Antipolis", FRE 3472 CNRS, LP2M Nice, France.
| | - Maurizio Luisetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Pneumology, University of Pavia & IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Via Taramelli 5, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Roberta Salvini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3/B, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3/B, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Anna Bardoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3/B, Pavia 27100, Italy.
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26
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Hustoft HK, Brandtzaeg OK, Rogeberg M, Misaghian D, Torsetnes SB, Greibrokk T, Reubsaet L, Wilson SR, Lundanes E. Integrated enzyme reactor and high resolving chromatography in "sub-chip" dimensions for sensitive protein mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3511. [PMID: 24336509 PMCID: PMC3863811 DOI: 10.1038/srep03511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable, sensitive and automatable analytical methodology is of great value in e.g. cancer diagnostics. In this context, an on-line system for enzymatic cleavage of proteins, subsequent peptide separation by liquid chromatography (LC) with mass spectrometric detection has been developed using "sub-chip" columns (10-20 μm inner diameter, ID). The system could detect attomole amounts of isolated cancer biomarker progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP), in a more automatable fashion compared to previous methods. The workflow combines protein digestion using an 20 μm ID immobilized trypsin reactor with a polymeric layer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-vinyl azlactone (HEMA-VDM), desalting on a polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) monolithic trap column, and subsequent separation of resulting peptides on a 10 μm ID (PS-DVB) porous layer open tubular (PLOT) column. The high resolution of the PLOT columns was maintained in the on-line system, resulting in narrow chromatographic peaks of 3-5 seconds. The trypsin reactors provided repeatable performance and were compatible with long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Kolsrud Hustoft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Magnus Rogeberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Dorna Misaghian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Silje Bøen Torsetnes
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tyge Greibrokk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Léon Reubsaet
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Steven Ray Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Elsa Lundanes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
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27
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Kuner R. Lung Cancer Gene Signatures and Clinical Perspectives. MICROARRAYS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 2:318-39. [PMID: 27605195 PMCID: PMC5003440 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays2040318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microarrays have been used for more than two decades in preclinical research. The tumor transcriptional profiles were analyzed to select cancer-associated genes for in-deep functional characterization, to stratify tumor subgroups according to the histopathology or diverse clinical courses, and to assess biological and cellular functions behind these gene sets. In lung cancer-the main type of cancer causing mortality worldwide-biomarker research focuses on different objectives: the early diagnosis of curable tumor diseases, the stratification of patients with prognostic unfavorable operable tumors to assess the need for further therapy regimens, or the selection of patients for the most efficient therapies at early and late stages. In non-small cell lung cancer, gene and miRNA signatures are valuable to differentiate between the two main subtypes' squamous and non-squamous tumors, a discrimination which has further implications for therapeutic schemes. Further subclassification within adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma has been done to correlate histopathological phenotype with disease outcome. Those tumor subgroups were assigned by diverse transcriptional patterns including potential biomarkers and therapy targets for future diagnostic and clinical applications. In lung cancer, none of these signatures have entered clinical routine for testing so far. In this review, the status quo of lung cancer gene signatures in preclinical and clinical research will be presented in the context of future clinical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruprecht Kuner
- Unit Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany .
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28
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van den Broek I, Niessen WM, van Dongen WD. Bioanalytical LC–MS/MS of protein-based biopharmaceuticals. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 929:161-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Torsetnes SB, Løvbak SG, Claus C, Lund H, Nordlund MS, Paus E, Halvorsen TG, Reubsaet L. Immunocapture and LC–MS/MS for selective quantification and differentiation of the isozymes of the biomarker neuron-specific enolase in serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 929:125-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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