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Alimenti C, Lianza M, Antognoni F, Giusti L, Bistoni O, Liotta L, Angeloni C, Lupidi G, Beghelli D. Characterization and Biological Activities of In Vitro Digested Olive Pomace Polyphenols Evaluated on Ex Vivo Human Immune Blood Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052122. [PMID: 36903372 PMCID: PMC10004623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive pomace (OP) represents one of the main by-products of olive oil production, which still contains high quantities of health-promoting bioactive compounds. In the present study, three batches of sun-dried OP were characterized for their profile in phenolic compounds (by HPLC-DAD) and in vitro antioxidant properties (ABTS, FRAP and DPPH assays) before (methanolic extracts) and after (aqueous extracts) their simulated in vitro digestion and dialysis. Phenolic profiles, and, accordingly, the antioxidant activities, showed significant differences among the three OP batches, and most compounds showed good bioaccessibility after simulated digestion. Based on these preliminary screenings, the best OP aqueous extract (OP-W) was further characterized for its peptide composition and subdivided into seven fractions (OP-F). The most promising OP-F (characterized for its metabolome) and OP-W samples were then assessed for their potential anti-inflammatory properties in ex vivo human peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) triggered or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The levels of 16 pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured in PBMC culture media by multiplex ELISA assay, whereas the gene expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10 and TNF-α were measured by real time RT-qPCR. Interestingly, OP-W and PO-F samples had a similar effect in reducing the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α, but only OP-W was able to reduce the release of these inflammatory mediators, suggesting that the anti-inflammatory activity of OP-W is different from that of OP-F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Alimenti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Mariacaterina Lianza
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Fabiana Antognoni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Onelia Bistoni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Giulio Lupidi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniela Beghelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Nørskov NP, Bruhn A, Cole A, Nielsen MO. Targeted and Untargeted Metabolic Profiling to Discover Bioactive Compounds in Seaweeds and Hemp Using Gas and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050259. [PMID: 33922209 PMCID: PMC8146358 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Greenhouse gas emissions are a global problem facing the dairy/beef industry. Novel feed additives consisting of seaweeds and hemp containing bioactive compounds are theorized to reduce enteric methane emissions. In this study we aimed to investigate the metabolic profiles of brown, red and green seaweeds and hemp using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. We used targeted and untargeted approaches, quantifying known halomethanes and phenolics, as well as identifying potentially novel bioactive compounds with anti-methanogenic properties. The main findings were: (a) Asparagopsis taxiformis contained halomethanes, with high concentrations of bromoform (4200 µg/g DW), six volatile halocarbons were tentatively identified; (b) no halomethanes were detected in the other studied seaweeds nor in hemp; (c) high concentrations of lignans were measured in hemp; (d) a high numbers of sulfated phenolic acids and unidentified sulfuric acid-containing compounds were detected in all seaweeds; (e) flavonoid glucosides and glucuronides were mainly identified in hemp; and (f) the condensed tannin gallocatechin was tentatively identified in Fucus sp. Using the combined metabolomics approach, an overview and in-depth information on secondary metabolites were provided. Halomethanes of Asparagopsis sp. have already been shown to be anti-methanogenic; however, metabolic profiles of seaweeds such as Dictyota and Sargassum have also been shown to contain compounds that may have anti-methanogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalja P. Nørskov
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark;
- Center for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- Correspondence:
| | - Annette Bruhn
- Center for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark;
| | - Andrew Cole
- Center for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Mette Olaf Nielsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark;
- Center for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
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Nie Y, Luo F. Dietary Fiber: An Opportunity for a Global Control of Hyperlipidemia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5542342. [PMID: 33897940 PMCID: PMC8052145 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5542342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fiber has a long history in the intervention study of hyperlipidemia. In this review, current understandings of structures, sources, and natures of various kinds of dietary fibers (DFs) were analyzed first. Available evidences for the use of different varieties of DFs in the lipid-lowering action both in vitro and in vivo were subsequently classified, including both soluble ones, such as glucans, pectins, and gums, and insoluble ones, including arabinooxylans and chitosans, in order to draw a primary conclusion of their dose and molecular weight relationship with lipid-lowering effect. Their potential mechanisms, especially the related molecular mechanism of protective action in the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia, were summarized at last. Five major mechanisms are believed to be responsible for the antihyperlipidemic benefits of DFs, including low levels of energy, bulking effect, viscosity, binding capacity, and fermentation thus ameliorating the symptoms of hyperlipidemia. From the molecular level, DFs could possibly affect the activities of HMG-CoA reductase, LDL receptors, CYP7A1, and MAPK signaling pathway as well as other lipid metabolism-related target genes. In summary, dietary fibers could be used as alternative supplements to exert certain lipid-lowering effects on humans. However, more clinical evidence is needed to strengthen this proposal and its fully underlying mechanism still requires more investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Nie
- School of Food Technology and Biological Science, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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Two apples a day modulate human:microbiome co-metabolic processing of polyphenols, tyrosine and tryptophan. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3691-3714. [PMID: 32103319 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Validated biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) have recently been suggested as a useful tool to assess adherence to dietary guidelines or compliance in human dietary interventions. Although many new candidate biomarkers have emerged in the last decades for different foods from metabolic profiling studies, the number of comprehensively validated biomarkers of food intake is limited. Apples are among the most frequently consumed fruits and a rich source of polyphenols and fibers, an important mediator for their health-protective properties. METHODS Using an untargeted metabolomics approach, we aimed to identify biomarkers of long-term apple intake and explore how apples impact on the human plasma and urine metabolite profiles. Forty mildly hypercholesterolemic volunteers consumed two whole apples or a sugar and energy-matched control beverage, daily for 8 weeks in a randomized, controlled, crossover intervention study. The metabolome in plasma and urine samples was analyzed via untargeted metabolomics. RESULTS We found 61 urine and 9 plasma metabolites being statistically significant after the whole apple intake compared to the control beverage, including several polyphenol metabolites that could be used as BFIs. Furthermore, we identified several endogenous indole and phenylacetyl-glutamine microbial metabolites significantly increasing in urine after apple consumption. The multiomic dataset allowed exploration of the correlations between metabolites modulated significantly by the dietary intervention and fecal microbiota species at genus level, showing interesting interactions between Granulicatella genus and phenyl-acetic acid metabolites. Phloretin glucuronide and phloretin glucuronide sulfate appeared promising biomarkers of apple intake; however, robustness, reliability and stability data are needed for full BFI validation. CONCLUSION The identified apple BFIs can be used in future studies to assess compliance and to explore their health effects after apple intake. Moreover, the identification of polyphenol microbial metabolites suggests that apple consumption mediates significant gut microbial metabolic activity which should be further explored.
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Wang B, Yu Z, Liu J. Assessing metabolic properties of dairy cows fed low quality straws by integrative arterial and venous metabolomics. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020; 33:1770-1778. [PMID: 32054160 PMCID: PMC7649076 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to reveal potential metabolic differences of dairy cows fed corn stover (CS) and rice straw (RS) instead of alfalfa hay (AH) as main forage source. METHODS Thirty multiparous mid-late lactation Holstein dairy cows were selected and randomly assigned to three diets, AH, CS, or RS (n = 10). After 13 weeks of the feeding trial, coccygeal arterial and superficial epigastric venous plasma samples were collected before morning feeding for gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry analyses. RESULTS In the artery, 8 and 13 metabolites were detected as differential metabolites between AH and CS, and between AH and RS, respectively. The relative abundance of phenylpropanoate (log2fold change [FC]) = 1.30, 1.09), panthenol (log2FC = 2.36, 2.20), threitol (log2FC = 1.00, 1.07), and 3,7,12-trihydroxycoprostane (log2FC = 0.79, 0.78) were greater in both CS and RS than in AH, and tyrosine (log2FC = -0.32), phenylalanine (log2FC = -0.30), and pyruvic acid (log2FC = -0.30) were lower in RS than in AH. In the vein, 1 and 7 metabolites were detected as differential metabolites between AH and CS, and between AH and RS, respectively. By comparing AH and RS, we found that metabolic pathways of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism were enriched by integrative artery and vein analysis. Furthermore, AH and RS, arterial phenylpropanoate and 4-hydroxyproline were positively, and phenylalanine was negatively correlated with milk urea nitrogen. Finally, in AH and CS, arterial panthenol was negatively correlated with feed efficiency. CONCLUSION Arterial metabolic profiles changed more than those in the veins from animals on three forage diets, differing in amino acids. We found that phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism were restricted when cows were fed low-quality cereal straw diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhu Yu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Potts DM, Peterson DG. Identification of small molecule flavor compounds that contribute to the somatosensory attributes of bovine milk products. Food Chem 2019; 294:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Li T, Huang S, Li J, Liu H, Wang W, Li N, Shi M, Tao S, Zhang S, Li Z, Wang J. Dynamic changes of postprandial plasma metabolites after intake of corn-soybean meal or casein-starch diets in growing pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:48. [PMID: 31161037 PMCID: PMC6542062 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postprandial nutrients utilization and metabolism of a certain diet is a complicated process. The metabolic feature of pigs after intake of corn-soybean meal or casein-starch diets are largely unknown. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the dynamic postprandial changes of plasma metabolic profile using growing pigs using metabolomics. Methods Twenty-four growing pigs with average initial body weight (BW) about 30 kg were placed in metabolic cages and then fitted with precaval vein catheters. Pigs were fed daily 4% of initial body weight. Two experimental diets were included: (i) a starch-casein based purified diet (PD) and (ii) a common corn-soybean meal diet (CD). Plasma was collected before feeding and 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h after feeding. Results In both diets, compared to prior to feeding, the concentrations of glucose, most amino acids, metabolites such as 5-aminopentanoic acid, pipecolic acid, ornithine and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan were significantly increased in plasma during the first hour, whereas the concentrations of plasma triglycerides, glutamate, glycine, palmitelaidic acid, 13-HODE and oleic acid were decreased in the first hour. Compared with PD group, concentration of plasma leucine and isoleucine declined at 30 min in CD group. Plasma linoleic acid, sphingosine and many dipeptides were significantly higher in pigs fed CD. Conclusion Most significant metabolic changes occurred during the first hour after feeding and then became relatively stable after 2 h in both diets. These results show a broad scope picture of postprandial changes in plasma metabolites after intake of PD and CD and could be a reference for further nutrition intervention as well as the design of nutritional studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40104-019-0351-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shimeng Huang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Juntao Li
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Hu Liu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Wei Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Na Li
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Meng Shi
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shiyu Tao
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhen Li
- 2State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Junjun Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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Abstract
There is growing evidence that whole grain (WG) intake may prevent many chronic diseases. However, there are mixed results on this topic in human studies as a result of a lack of accurate tools to assess the intake of WGs and individual metabolic variation. To better understand the effects of WGs on health maintenance and the risk of chronic disease, there is an urgent need to identify the biomarkers for WG intake. The molecular signatures of WG intake remain undefined. This perspective gives an overview of the current knowledge, challenges, and future directions on the biomarkers of WG intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmin Sang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies , North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University , North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way , Kannapolis , North Carolina 28081 , United States
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Son SY, Lee S, Singh D, Lee NR, Lee DY, Lee CH. Comprehensive Secondary Metabolite Profiling Toward Delineating the Solid and Submerged-State Fermentation of Aspergillus oryzae KCCM 12698. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1076. [PMID: 29887844 PMCID: PMC5981208 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus oryzae has been commonly used to make koji, meju, and soy sauce in traditional food fermentation industries. However, the metabolic behaviors of A. oryzae during fermentation in various culture environments are largely uncharacterized. Thus, we performed time resolved (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 day) secondary metabolite profiling for A. oryzae KCCM 12698 cultivated on malt extract agar and broth (MEA and MEB) under solid-state fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SmF) conditions using the ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-linear trap quadrupole-ion trap-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-IT-MS/MS) followed by multivariate analyses. We observed the relatively higher proportions of coumarins and oxylipins in SSF, whereas the terpenoids were abundant in SmF. Moreover, we investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of metabolites that were extracted from SSF and SmF. The SSF extracts showed higher antimicrobial activities as compared to SmF, with higher production rates of bioactive secondary metabolites viz., ketone-citreoisocoumarin, pentahydroxy-anthraquinone, hexylitaconic acid, oxylipins, and saturated fatty acids. The current study provides the underpinnings of a metabolomic framework regarding the growth and bioactive compound production for A. oryzae under the primarily employed industrial cultivation states. Furthermore, the study holds the potentials for rapid screening and MS-characterization of metabolites helpful in determining the consumer safety implications of fermented foods involving Koji mold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Y Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Na-Rae Lee
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dong-Yup Lee
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Choong H Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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10
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Integrative analysis of indirect calorimetry and metabolomics profiling reveals alterations in energy metabolism between fed and fasted pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2018; 9:41. [PMID: 29796254 PMCID: PMC5956531 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-018-0257-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fasting is a simple metabolic strategy that is used to estimate the maintenance energy requirement where the energy supply for basic physiological functions is provided by the mobilization of body reserves. However, the underlying metabolic components of maintenance energy expenditure are not clear. This study investigated the differences in heat production (HP), respiratory quotient (RQ) and plasma metabolites in pigs in the fed and fasted state, using the techniques of indirect calorimetry and metabolomics. Methods Nine barrows (45.2 ± 1.7 kg BW) were fed corn-soybean based meal diets and were kept in metabolism crates for a period of 14 d. After 7 d adaptation, pigs were transferred to respiratory chambers to determine HP and RQ based on indirect calorimetry. Pigs were fed the diet at 2,400 kJ ME/(kg BW0.6·d) during d 8 to 12. The last 2 d were divided into 24 h fasting and 48 h fasting treatment, respectively. Plasma samples of each pig were collected from the anterior vena cava during the last 3 d (1 d while pigs were fed and 2 d during which they were fasted). The metabolites of plasma were determined by high-resolution mass spectrometry using a metabolomics approach. Results Indirect calorimetry analysis revealed that HP and RQ were no significant difference between 24 h fasting and 48 h fasting, which were lower than those of fed state (P < 0.01). The nitrogen concentration of urine tended to decrease with fasting (P = 0.054). Metabolomics analysis between the fed and fasted state revealed differences in 15 compounds, most of which were not significantly different between 24 h fasting and 48 h fasting. Identified compounds were enriched in metabolic pathways related to linoleic acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. Conclusion These results suggest that the decreases in HP and RQ of growing pigs under fasting conditions were associated with the alterations of linoleic acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. The integrative analysis also revealed that growing pigs under a 24-h fasting were more appropriate than a 48-h fasting to investigate the metabolic components of maintenance energy expenditure.
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Quifer-Rada P, Chiva-Blanch G, Jáuregui O, Estruch R, Lamuela-Raventós RM. A discovery-driven approach to elucidate urinary metabolome changes after a regular and moderate consumption of beer and nonalcoholic beer in subjects at high cardiovascular risk. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28608394 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The aim of this work was to study the urinary metabolomics changes of participants that consumed beer, nonalcoholic beer (na-beer), and gin. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-three males at high cardiovascular risk between 55 and 75 years old participated in an open, randomized, crossover, controlled trial with three nutritional interventions consisting of beer, na-beer, and gin for 4 wk. Diet and physical activity was monitored throughout the study and compliance was assessed by measurement of urinary isoxanthohumol. Metabolomic analysis was performed in urine samples by LC coupled to an LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometer combined with univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. Ten metabolites were identified. Eight were exogenous metabolites related to beer, na-beer, or gin consumption, but two of them were related to endogenic changes: hydroxyadipic acid linked to fatty acid oxidation, and 4-guanidinobutanoic acid, which correlated with a decrease in urinary creatinine. Plasmatic acylcarnitines were quantified by targeted MS. A regular and moderate consumption of beer and na-beer decreased stearoylcarnitine concentrations. CONCLUSION Humulinone and 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid showed to be potential biomarkers of beer and na-beer consumption. Moreover, the results of this trial provide new evidence that the nonalcoholic fraction of beer may increase fatty oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Quifer-Rada
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy-XARTA-INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBEROBN del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Biomedical Investigation August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Jáuregui
- Scientific and Technological Center of University of Barcelona (CCiTUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Biomedical Investigation August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy-XARTA-INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBEROBN del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Bolvig AK, Nørskov NP, Hedemann MS, Foldager L, McCarthy-Sinclair B, Marco ML, Lærke HN, Bach Knudsen KE. Effect of Antibiotics and Diet on Enterolactone Concentration and Metabolome Studied by Targeted and Nontargeted LC-MS Metabolomics. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:2135-2150. [PMID: 28294620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
High plant lignan intake is associated with a number of health benefits, possibly induced by the lignan metabolite enterolactone (ENL). The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in converting dietary lignans into ENL, and epidemiological studies have shown that use of antibiotics is associated with lower levels of ENL. Here we investigate the link between antibiotic use and lignan metabolism in pigs using LC-MS/MS. The effect of lignan intake and antibiotic use on the gut microbial community and the pig metabolome is studied by 16S rRNA sequencing and nontargeted LC-MS. Treatment with antibiotics resulted in substantially lower concentrations of ENL compared with concentrations detected in untreated animals, whereas the plasma concentrations of plant lignans were unchanged. Both diet and antibiotic treatment affected the clustering of urinary metabolites and significantly altered the proportions of taxa in the gut microbiota. Diet, but not antibiotic treatment, affected the plasma lipid profile, and a lower concentration of LDL cholesterol was observed in the pigs fed a high lignan diet. This study provides solid support for the associations between ENL concentrations and use of antibiotics found in humans and indicates that the lower ENL concentration may be a consequence of the ecological changes in the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Bolvig
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Natalja P Nørskov
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Mette S Hedemann
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Leslie Foldager
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.,Bioinformatics Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , C.F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Brendan McCarthy-Sinclair
- Robert Mondavi Institute, University of California, Davis , 392 Old Davis Road, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Maria L Marco
- Robert Mondavi Institute, University of California, Davis , 392 Old Davis Road, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Helle N Lærke
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Knud E Bach Knudsen
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
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13
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Effects of diets supplemented with n –3 or n –6 PUFA on pig muscle lipid metabolites measured by non-targeted LC–MS lipidomic profiling. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Koistinen VM, Hanhineva K. Microbial and endogenous metabolic conversions of rye phytochemicals. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 27958675 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rye is one of the main cereals produced and consumed in the hemiboreal climate region. Due to its use primarily as wholegrain products, rye provides a rich source of dietary fibre as well as several classes of phytochemicals, bioactive compounds with potentially positive health implications. Here, we review the current knowledge of the metabolic pathways of phytochemical classes abundant in rye, starting from the microbial transformations occurring during the sourdough process and colonic fermentation and continuing with the endogenous metabolism. Additionally, we discuss the detection of specific metabolites by MS in different phases of their journey from the cereal to the target organs and excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ville M Koistinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, , University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, , University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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15
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Zhu Y, Wang P, Sha W, Sang S. Urinary Biomarkers of Whole Grain Wheat Intake Identified by Non-targeted and Targeted Metabolomics Approaches. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36278. [PMID: 27805021 PMCID: PMC5090248 DOI: 10.1038/srep36278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that whole grain (WG) intake plays an important role in chronic disease prevention. However, numerous human studies have failed to produce clear-cut conclusions on this topic. Here, a combination of non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches, together with kinetic studies, was used to investigate biomarkers of WG wheat intake and further explore the diet-disease associations. Via these integrated approaches, forty-one compounds were identified as the most discriminating endogenous metabolites after WG versus refined grain (RG) wheat bread consumption. The corresponding biological assessment of these endogenous changes suggests that, in contrast to RG consumption, WG wheat consumption may facilitate antioxidant defense systems and moderate the risk factors of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic diseases. A panel of urinary markers consisting of seven alkylresorcinol metabolites and five benzoxazinoid derivatives as specific biomarkers, as well as five phenolic acid derivatives, was also established to cover multiple time points and longer time periods for correctly and objectively monitoring WG wheat intake. Through these findings, we have established a comprehensive biomarker pool to better assess WG wheat consumption, and to monitor the endogenous changes that are linked to health effects of WG wheat consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdong Zhu
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Wei Sha
- Bioinformatics Services Division, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Shengmin Sang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
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16
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Quifer-Rada P, Choy YY, Calvert CC, Waterhouse AL, Lamuela-Raventos RM. Use of metabolomics and lipidomics to evaluate the hypocholestreolemic effect of Proanthocyanidins from grape seed in a pig model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2219-2227. [PMID: 27240545 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This work aims to evaluate changes in the fecal metabolomic profile due to grape seed extract (GSE) intake by untargeted and targeted analysis using high resolution mass spectrometry in conjunction with multivariate statistics. METHODS AND RESULTS An intervention study with six crossbred female pigs was performed. The pigs followed a standard diet for 3 days, then they were fed with a supplemented diet containing 1% (w/w) of MegaNatural® Gold grape seed extract for 6 days. Fresh pig fecal samples were collected daily. A combination of untargeted high resolution mass spectrometry, multivariate analysis (PLS-DA), data-dependent MS/MS scan, and accurate mass database matching was used to measure the effect of the treatment on fecal composition. The resultant PLS-DA models showed a good discrimination among classes with great robustness and predictability. A total of 14 metabolites related to the GSE consumption were identified including biliary acid, dicarboxylic fatty acid, cholesterol metabolites, purine metabolites, and eicosanoid metabolites among others. Moreover, targeted metabolomics using GC-MS showed that cholesterol and its metabolites fecal excretion was increased due to the proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract. CONCLUSION The results show that oligomeric procyanidins from GSE modifies bile acid and steroid excretion, which could exert a hypocholesterolemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Quifer-Rada
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy -XARTA-INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBEROBN del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Ying Yng Choy
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Andrew L Waterhouse
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventos
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy -XARTA-INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBEROBN del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain.
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17
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Wu W, Xie J, Zhang H. Dietary fibers influence the intestinal SCFAs and plasma metabolites profiling in growing pigs. Food Funct 2016; 7:4644-4654. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01406b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fibers (DFs), widely used as food additives to replace fat, can benefit metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition
- Institute of Animal Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - J. Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition
- Institute of Animal Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition
- Institute of Animal Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
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18
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Zhang T, Zhang A, Qiu S, Yang S, Wang X. Current Trends and Innovations in Bioanalytical Techniques of Metabolomics. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 46:342-51. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2015.1079475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Ingerslev AK, Karaman I, Bağcıoğlu M, Kohler A, Theil PK, Bach Knudsen KE, Hedemann MS. Whole Grain Consumption Increases Gastrointestinal Content of Sulfate-Conjugated Oxylipins in Pigs − A Multicompartmental Metabolomics Study. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:3095-110. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Krog Ingerslev
- Department
of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box
50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Ibrahim Karaman
- Department
of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary’s Campus, Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, United Kingdom
| | - Murat Bağcıoğlu
- Department
of Mathematical Sciences and Technology (IMT), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Achim Kohler
- Department
of Mathematical Sciences and Technology (IMT), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1432 Ås, Norway
- Nofima
AS, Osloveien 1, 1430 Ås, Norway
| | - Peter Kappel Theil
- Department
of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box
50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Knud Erik Bach Knudsen
- Department
of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box
50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Mette Skou Hedemann
- Department
of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box
50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
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20
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González-Peña D, Dudzik D, Colina-Coca C, de Ancos B, García A, Barbas C, Sánchez-Moreno C. Multiplatform metabolomic fingerprinting as a tool for understanding hypercholesterolemia in Wistar rats. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:997-1010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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21
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Astarita G, Kendall AC, Dennis EA, Nicolaou A. Targeted lipidomic strategies for oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1851:456-68. [PMID: 25486530 PMCID: PMC4323855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) through enzymatic or non-enzymatic free radical-mediated reactions can yield an array of lipid metabolites including eicosanoids, octadecanoids, docosanoids and related species. In mammals, these oxygenated PUFA mediators play prominent roles in the physiological and pathological regulation of many key biological processes in the cardiovascular, renal, reproductive and other systems including their pivotal contribution to inflammation. Mass spectrometry-based technology platforms have revolutionized our ability to analyze the complex mixture of lipid mediators found in biological samples, with increased numbers of metabolites that can be simultaneously quantified from a single sample in few analytical steps. The recent development of high-sensitivity and high-throughput analytical tools for lipid mediators affords a broader view of these oxygenated PUFA species, and facilitates research into their role in health and disease. In this review, we illustrate current analytical approaches for a high-throughput lipidomic analysis of eicosanoids and related mediators in biological samples. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Oxygenated metabolism of PUFA: analysis and biological relevance."
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Astarita
- Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Alexandra C Kendall
- Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0601, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0601, USA
| | - Anna Nicolaou
- Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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22
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A matrix-induced ion suppression method to normalize concentration in urinary metabolomics studies using flow injection analysis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 864:21-9. [PMID: 25732423 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Normalizing the total urine concentration is important for minimizing bias in urinary metabolomics analysis comparisons. In this study, we report a matrix-induced ion suppression (MIIS)-based method to normalize concentration using flow injection analysis coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (FIA-ESI-MS). An ion suppression indicator (ISI) was spiked into urine samples, and the intensity of the extracted ion chromatogram (EIC) for ISI in a urine matrix was subtracted by the EIC for a blank solution and used to calculate the extent to which the signal was reduced by the urine matrix. A series dilution of pooled urine samples was used to correlate the urine concentration and level of ion suppression for ISI. A regression equation was used to estimate the relative concentration of unknown urine samples. The MIIS method was validated for linearity, precision and accuracy. We obtained a good correlation using a quadratic regression model for 1- to 32-fold urine dilutions (R(2)=0.998). The reproducibility (n=4) and intermediate precision (n=3) were below 5% RSD, and the accuracy ranged from 97.15% to 102.10%. The established method was used to estimate the relative concentrations of 16 urine samples, and the results were compared with commonly used normalization methods. Pearson's correlation test was used to demonstrate that the MIIS method correlated highly with the creatinine and osmolarity methods; the correlation coefficients were 0.93 and 0.99, respectively. We successfully applied this method to a urinary metabolomics study on breast cancer. This study demonstrated the MIIS method is simple, accurate and can contribute to data integrity in urinary metabolomics studies.
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23
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Emwas AH, Luchinat C, Turano P, Tenori L, Roy R, Salek RM, Ryan D, Merzaban JS, Kaddurah-Daouk R, Zeri AC, Nagana Gowda GA, Raftery D, Wang Y, Brennan L, Wishart DS. Standardizing the experimental conditions for using urine in NMR-based metabolomic studies with a particular focus on diagnostic studies: a review. Metabolomics 2015; 11:872-894. [PMID: 26109927 PMCID: PMC4475544 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-014-0746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic composition of human biofluids can provide important diagnostic and prognostic information. Among the biofluids most commonly analyzed in metabolomic studies, urine appears to be particularly useful. It is abundant, readily available, easily stored and can be collected by simple, noninvasive techniques. Moreover, given its chemical complexity, urine is particularly rich in potential disease biomarkers. This makes it an ideal biofluid for detecting or monitoring disease processes. Among the metabolomic tools available for urine analysis, NMR spectroscopy has proven to be particularly well-suited, because the technique is highly reproducible and requires minimal sample handling. As it permits the identification and quantification of a wide range of compounds, independent of their chemical properties, NMR spectroscopy has been frequently used to detect or discover disease fingerprints and biomarkers in urine. Although protocols for NMR data acquisition and processing have been standardized, no consensus on protocols for urine sample selection, collection, storage and preparation in NMR-based metabolomic studies have been developed. This lack of consensus may be leading to spurious biomarkers being reported and may account for a general lack of reproducibility between laboratories. Here, we review a large number of published studies on NMR-based urine metabolic profiling with the aim of identifying key variables that may affect the results of metabolomics studies. From this survey, we identify a number of issues that require either standardization or careful accounting in experimental design and provide some recommendations for urine collection, sample preparation and data acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KSA, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Centro Risonanze Magnetiche – CERM, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Turano
- Centro Risonanze Magnetiche – CERM, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Raja Roy
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Formerly known as Centre of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Reza M. Salek
- Department of Biochemistry & Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, CB10 1SD UK
| | - Danielle Ryan
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
| | - Jasmeen S. Merzaban
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KSA, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rima Kaddurah-Daouk
- Pharmacometabolomics Center, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Ana Carolina Zeri
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - G. A. Nagana Gowda
- Department of Anethesiology and Pain Medicine, Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109 USA
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Department of Anethesiology and Pain Medicine, Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109 USA
| | - Yulan Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- Institute of Food and Health and Conway Institute, School of Agriculture & Food Science, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David S. Wishart
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta Canada
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24
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Pea fiber and wheat bran fiber show distinct metabolic profiles in rats as investigated by a 1H NMR-based metabolomic approach. PLoS One 2014; 10:e0119117. [PMID: 25742634 PMCID: PMC4351085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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25
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Liu G, Xiao L, Fang T, Cai Y, Jia G, Zhao H, Wang J, Chen X, Wu C. Pea fiber and wheat bran fiber show distinct metabolic profiles in rats as investigated by a 1H NMR-based metabolomic approach. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115561. [PMID: 25541729 PMCID: PMC4277351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effect of pea fiber (PF) and wheat bran fiber (WF) supplementation in rat metabolism. Rats were assigned randomly to one of three dietary groups and were given a basal diet containing 15% PF, 15% WF, or no supplemental fiber. Urine and plasma samples were analyzed by NMR-based metabolomics. PF significantly increased the plasma levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate, and myo-inositol as well as the urine levels of alanine, hydroxyphenylacetate, phenylacetyglycine, and α-ketoglutarate. However, PF significantly decreased the plasma levels of isoleucine, leucine, lactate, and pyruvate as well as the urine levels of allantoin, bile acids, and trigonelline. WF significantly increased the plasma levels of acetone, isobutyrate, lactate, myo-inositol, and lipids as well as the urine levels of alanine, lactate, dimethylglycine, N-methylniconamide, and α-ketoglutarate. However, WF significantly decreased the plasma levels of amino acids, and glucose as well as the urine levels of acetate, allantoin, citrate, creatine, hippurate, hydroxyphenylacetate, and trigonelline. Results suggest that PF and WF exposure can promote antioxidant activity and can exhibit common systemic metabolic changes, including lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, glycogenolysis and glycolysis metabolism, protein biosynthesis, and gut microbiota metabolism. PF can also decrease bile acid metabolism. These findings indicate that different fiber diet may cause differences in the biofluid profile in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmang Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingting Fang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 sukuba, Ohwashi, TIbaragi, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Gang Jia
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Caimei Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
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26
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Abstract
Dietary fibre alone does not fully explain the frequent association between greater intake of whole grains and reduced risk of disease in observational studies, and other phytochemicals or food structure may also play an important role. For all the observational evidence for the benefits of a whole-grain-rich diet, we have only limited knowledge of the mechanisms behind this reduction in disease risk, aside from the action of specific cereal fibres on reduction of blood cholesterol and the post-prandial glucose peak. Nutritional metabolomics, the global measurement and interpretation of metabolic profiles, assesses the interaction of food with the endogenous gene–protein cascade and the gut microbiome. This approach allows the generation of new hypotheses which account for systemic effects, rather than just focusing on one or two mechanisms or metabolic pathways. To date, animal and human trials using metabolomics to investigate mechanistic changes to metabolism on eating whole grains and cereal fractions have led to new hypotheses around mechanistic effects of whole grains. These include the role of cereals as a major source of dietary glycine betaine, a possible effect on phospholipid synthesis or metabolism, the role of branched-chain amino acids and improvements in insulin sensitivity, and the possibility that whole grains may have an effect on protein metabolism. These hypotheses help explain some of the observed effects of whole grains, although mechanistic studies using stable isotopes and fully quantitative measures are required to confirm these potential mechanisms.
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