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Rohokale R, Guo J, Guo Z. Monophosphoryl Lipid A-Rhamnose Conjugates as a New Class of Vaccine Adjuvants. J Med Chem 2024; 67:7458-7469. [PMID: 38634150 PMCID: PMC11081837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvant is an integral part of all vaccine formulations but only a few adjuvants with limited efficacies or application scopes are available. Thus, developing more robust and diverse adjuvants is necessary. To this end, a new class of adjuvants having α- and β-rhamnose (Rha) attached to the 1- and 6'-positions of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) was designed, synthesized, and immunologically evaluated in mice. The results indicated a synergistic effect of MPLA and Rha, two immunostimulators that function via interacting with toll-like receptor 4 and recruiting endogenous anti-Rha antibodies, respectively. All the tested MPLA-Rha conjugates exhibited potent adjuvant activities to promote antibody production against both protein and carbohydrate antigens. Overall, MPLA-α-Rha exhibited better activities than MPLA-β-Rha, and 6'-linked conjugates were slightly better than 1-linked ones. Particularly, MPLA-1-α-Rha and MPLA-6'-α-Rha were the most effective adjuvants in promoting IgG antibody responses against protein antigen keyhole limpet hemocyanin and carbohydrate antigen sTn, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Rohokale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jiatong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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2
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Le Coz C, Trofa M, Butler DL, Yoon S, Tian T, Reid W, Cruz Cabrera E, Knox AVC, Khanna C, Sullivan KE, Heimall J, Takach P, Fadugba OO, Lawrence M, Jyonouchi S, Hakonarson H, Wells AD, Handler S, Zur KB, Pillai V, Gildersleeve JC, Romberg N. The common variable immunodeficiency IgM repertoire narrowly recognizes erythrocyte and platelet glycans. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024:S0091-6749(24)00418-4. [PMID: 38692308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune cytopenias (AICs) regularly occur in profoundly IgG-deficient patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The isotypes, antigenic targets, and origin(s) of their disease-causing autoantibodies are unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine reactivity, clonality, and provenance of AIC-associated IgM autoantibodies in patients with CVID. METHODS We used glycan arrays, patient erythrocytes, and platelets to determine targets of CVID IgM autoantibodies. Glycan-binding profiles were used to identify autoreactive clones across B-cell subsets, specifically circulating marginal zone (MZ) B cells, for sorting and IGH sequencing. The locations, transcriptomes, and responses of tonsillar MZ B cells to different TH- cell subsets were determined by confocal microscopy, RNA-sequencing, and cocultures, respectively. RESULTS Autoreactive IgM coated erythrocytes and platelets from many CVID patients with AICs (CVID+AIC). On glycan arrays, CVID+AIC plasma IgM narrowly recognized erythrocytic i antigens and platelet i-related antigens and failed to bind hundreds of pathogen- and tumor-associated carbohydrates. Polyclonal i antigen-recognizing B-cell receptors were highly enriched among CVID+AIC circulating MZ B cells. Within tonsillar tissues, MZ B cells secreted copious IgM when activated by the combination of IL-10 and IL-21 or when cultured with IL-10/IL-21-secreting FOXP3-CD25hi T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. In lymph nodes from immunocompetent controls, MZ B cells, plentiful FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, and rare FOXP3-CD25+ cells that represented likely CD25hi Tfh cells all localized outside of germinal centers. In CVID+AIC lymph nodes, cellular positions were similar but CD25hi Tfh cells greatly outnumbered regulatory cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that glycan-reactive IgM autoantibodies produced outside of germinal centers may contribute to the autoimmune pathogenesis of CVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Le Coz
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Infinity, Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, Toulouse, France
| | - Melissa Trofa
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Dorothy L Butler
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Md
| | - Samuel Yoon
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Tian Tian
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Whitney Reid
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Emylette Cruz Cabrera
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Ainsley V C Knox
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Caroline Khanna
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Jennifer Heimall
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Patricia Takach
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Olajumoke O Fadugba
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Monica Lawrence
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Soma Jyonouchi
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Andrew D Wells
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Steven Handler
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Karen B Zur
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Vinodh Pillai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Division of Hematopathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Md
| | - Neil Romberg
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
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3
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Li Y, Lin H, Hong H, Li D, Gong L, Zhao J, Wang Z, Wu Z. Multivalent Rhamnose-Modified EGFR-Targeting Nanobody Gains Enhanced Innate Fc Effector Immunity and Overcomes Cetuximab Resistance via Recruitment of Endogenous Antibodies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307613. [PMID: 38286668 PMCID: PMC10987161 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Cetuximab resistance is a significant challenge in cancer treatment, requiring the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, a series of multivalent rhamnose (Rha)-modified nanobody conjugates are synthesized and their antitumor activities and their potential to overcome cetuximab resistance are investigated. Structure-activity relationship studies reveal that the multivalent conjugate D5, bearing sixteen Rha haptens, elicits the most potent innate fragment crystallizable (Fc) effector immunity in vitro and exhibits an excellent in vivo pharmacokinetics by recruiting endogenous antibodies. Notably, it is found that the optimal conjugate D5 represents a novel entity capable of reversing cetuximab-resistance induced by serine protease (PRSS). Moreover, in a xenograft mouse model, conjugate D5 exhibits significantly improved antitumor efficacy compared to unmodified nanobodies and cetuximab. The findings suggest that Rha-Nanobody (Nb) conjugates hold promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cetuximab-resistant tumors by enhancing the innate Fc effector immunity and enhancing the recruitment of endogenous antibodies to promote cancer cell clearance by innate immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Han Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Haofei Hong
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Dan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Liang Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Jie Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Zheng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
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4
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Marglous S, Brown CE, Padler-Karavani V, Cummings RD, Gildersleeve JC. Serum antibody screening using glycan arrays. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2603-2642. [PMID: 38305761 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00693j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Humans and other animals produce a diverse collection of antibodies, many of which bind to carbohydrate chains, referred to as glycans. These anti-glycan antibodies are a critical part of our immune systems' defenses. Whether induced by vaccination or natural exposure to a pathogen, anti-glycan antibodies can provide protection against infections and cancers. Alternatively, when an immune response goes awry, antibodies that recognize self-glycans can mediate autoimmune diseases. In any case, serum anti-glycan antibodies provide a rich source of information about a patient's overall health, vaccination history, and disease status. Glycan microarrays provide a high-throughput platform to rapidly interrogate serum anti-glycan antibodies and identify new biomarkers for a variety of conditions. In addition, glycan microarrays enable detailed analysis of the immune system's response to vaccines and other treatments. Herein we review applications of glycan microarray technology for serum anti-glycan antibody profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Marglous
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Claire E Brown
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Vered Padler-Karavani
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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5
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Hong H, Zhao J, Zhou K, Li Y, Li D, Wu Z. Rhamnose modified antibodies show improved immune killing towards EGFR-positive solid tumor cells. Carbohydr Res 2024; 536:109038. [PMID: 38219633 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have shown clinical efficacy in colorectal cancer and other solid cancers. Enhancing the effector functions of these anti-EGFR mAbs is believed to be a valuable approach to achieve improved efficacy in clinical setting. Here, we report the development of an effector function-enhanced antibody by rhamnose (Rha) functionalization. Cetuximab, a human/mouse chimeric anti-EGFR mAb, was selected and site-specifically conjugated with Rha haptens. The obtained cetuximab-Rha conjugate was shown to be able to selectively redirect amounts of endogenous anti-Rha antibodies onto EGFR-positive solid tumor cells and thereby provide more Fc domains to achieve enhancement of effector functions including complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP). Particularly, CDC, one powerful cell killing mechanism which is inactive in cetuximab, was dramatically improved. This study demonstrates the potential of rhamnose-modified antibody for EGFR-positive solid tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.
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6
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Dopico XC, Mandolesi M, Hedestam GBK. Untangling immunoglobulin genotype-function associations. Immunol Lett 2023:S0165-2478(23)00073-1. [PMID: 37209913 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (IG) genes, encoding B cell receptors (BCRs), are fundamental components of the mammalian immune system, which evolved to recognize the diverse antigenic universe present in nature. To handle these myriad inputs, BCRs are generated through combinatorial recombination of a set of highly polymorphic germline genes, resulting in a vast repertoire of antigen receptors that initiate responses to pathogens and regulate commensals. Following antigen recognition and B cell activation, memory B cells and plasma cells form, allowing for the development of anamnestic antibody (Ab) responses. How inherited variation in IG genes impacts host traits, disease susceptibility, and Ab recall responses is a topic of great interest. Here, we consider approaches to translate emerging knowledge about IG genetic diversity and expressed repertoires to inform our understanding of Ab function in health and disease etiology. As our understanding of IG genetics grows, so will our need for tools to decipher preferences for IG gene or allele usage in different contexts, to better understand antibody responses at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xaquin Castro Dopico
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.
| | - Marco Mandolesi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
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7
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Rong Y, Wang X, Mao W, Chen M, Wang S, Wang PG, He Y, Kong Y. O-GalNAc glycosylation affects the immunogenicity of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1797-1800. [PMID: 36722411 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06583e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 has been widely used as an effective vaccine immunogen, although some limitations still remain. Herein, O-GalNAc glycosylated RBD (Tn-RBD) was synthesized as an antigen via in vitro glycosylation reactions. The inhibition ability against hACE2 binding of antibodies induced with Tn-RBD was 30-40% increased compared to that induced with RBD. This result implies that Tn-glycosylation might play important roles in the immunogenicity of the RBD protein, which should be considered in the design of novel vaccines to fight against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongheng Rong
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Xingyun Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Weian Mao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Min Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Shengjun Wang
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Peng George Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yunjiao He
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yun Kong
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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8
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DuPont M, Visca H, Moshnikova A, Engelman DM, Reshetnyak YK, Andreev OA. Tumor treatment by pHLIP-targeted antigen delivery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1082290. [PMID: 36686229 PMCID: PMC9853002 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1082290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted antigen delivery allows activation of the immune system to kill cancer cells. Here we report the targeted delivery of various epitopes, including a peptide, a small molecule, and a sugar, to tumors by pH Low Insertion Peptides (pHLIPs), which respond to surface acidity and insert to span the membranes of metabolically activated cancer and immune cells within tumors. Epitopes linked to the extracellular ends of pH Low Insertion Peptide peptides were positioned at the surfaces of tumor cells and were recognized by corresponding anti-epitope antibodies. Special attention was devoted to the targeted delivery of the nine residue HA peptide epitope from the Flu virus hemagglutinin. The HA sequence is not present in the human genome, and immunity is readily developed during viral infection or immunization with KLH-HA supplemented with adjuvants. We tested and refined a series of double-headed HA-pHLIP agents, where two HA epitopes were linked to a single pH Low Insertion Peptide peptide via two Peg12 or Peg24 polymers, which enable HA epitopes to engage both antibody binding sites. HA-epitopes positioned at the surfaces of tumor cells remain exposed to the extracellular space for 24-48 h and are then internalized. Different vaccination schemes and various adjuvants, including analogs of FDA approved adjuvants, were tested in mice and resulted in a high titer of anti-HA antibodies. Anti-HA antibody binds HA-pHLIP in blood and travels as a complex leading to significant tumor targeting with no accumulation in organs and to hepatic clearance. HA-pHLIP agents induced regression of 4T1 triple negative breast tumor and B16F10 MHC-I negative melanoma tumors in immunized mice. The therapeutic efficacy potentially is limited by the drop of the level of anti-HA antibodies in the blood to background level after three injections of HA-pHLIP. We hypothesize that additional boosts would be required to keep a high titer of anti-HA antibodies to enhance efficacy. pH Low Insertion Peptide-targeted antigen therapy may provide an opportunity to treat tumors unresponsive to T cell based therapies, having a small number of neo-antigens, or deficient in MHC-I presentation at the surfaces of cancer cells either alone or in combination with other approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael DuPont
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Hannah Visca
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Anna Moshnikova
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Donald M. Engelman
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yana K. Reshetnyak
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Oleg A. Andreev
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
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9
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Tran PMH, Dong F, Kim E, Richardson KP, Tran LKH, Waugh K, Hopkins D, Cummings RD, Wang PG, Rewers MJ, She JX, Purohit S. Use of a glycomics array to establish the anti-carbohydrate antibody repertoire in type 1 diabetes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6527. [PMID: 36316364 PMCID: PMC9622713 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34341-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by the presence of autoantibodies to protein and non-protein antigens. Here we report the identification of specific anti-carbohydrate antibodies (ACAs) that are associated with pathogenesis and progression to T1D. We compare circulatory levels of ACAs against 202 glycans in a cross-sectional cohort of T1D patients (n = 278) and healthy controls (n = 298), as well as in a longitudinal cohort (n = 112). We identify 11 clusters of ACAs associated with glycan function class. Clusters enriched for aminoglycosides, blood group A and B antigens, glycolipids, ganglio-series, and O-linked glycans are associated with progression to T1D. ACAs against gentamicin and its related structures, G418 and sisomicin, are also associated with islet autoimmunity. ACAs improve discrimination of T1D status of individuals over a model with only clinical variables and are potential biomarkers for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M H Tran
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, CT06510, USA
| | - Fran Dong
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Mail Stop A-140, 1775 Aurora Court, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Eileen Kim
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Katherine P Richardson
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Lynn K H Tran
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Kathleen Waugh
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Mail Stop A-140, 1775 Aurora Court, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Diane Hopkins
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Peng George Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Marian J Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Mail Stop A-140, 1775 Aurora Court, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jin-Xiong She
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sharad Purohit
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
- Department of Undergraduate Health Professionals, College of Allied Health Sciences Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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10
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Hong H, Lin H, Li D, Gong L, Zhou K, Li Y, Yu H, Zhao K, Shi J, Zhou Z, Huang Z, Wu Z. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of a Rhamnose‐Functionalized Bispecific Nanobody as a Bispecific Antibody Mimic for Cancer Immunotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208773. [PMID: 35891606 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haofei Hong
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Han Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Dan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Liang Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Kun Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Yanchun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Hangyan Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province School of Life Sciences Westlake University Hangzhou 310024 China
| | - Jie Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi 214062 China
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
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11
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Temme JS, Crainic JA, Walker LM, Yang W, Tan Z, Huang X, Gildersleeve JC. Microarray-guided evaluation of the frequency, B cell origins, and selectivity of human glycan-binding antibodies reveals new insights and novel antibodies. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102468. [PMID: 36087840 PMCID: PMC9576894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system produces a diverse collection of antiglycan antibodies that are critical for host defense. At present, however, we know very little about the binding properties, origins, and sequences of these antibodies because of a lack of access to a variety of defined individual antibodies. To address this challenge, we used a glycan microarray with over 800 different components to screen a panel of 516 human monoclonal antibodies that had been randomly cloned from different B-cell subsets originating from healthy human subjects. We obtained 26 antiglycan antibodies, most of which bound microbial carbohydrates. The majority of the antiglycan antibodies identified in the screen displayed selective binding for specific glycan motifs on our array and lacked polyreactivity. We found that antiglycan antibodies were about twice as likely than expected to originate from IgG+ memory B cells, whereas none were isolated from naïve, early emigrant, or immature B cells. Therefore, our results indicate that certain B-cell subsets in our panel are enriched in antiglycan antibodies, and IgG+ memory B cells may be a promising source of such antibodies. Furthermore, some of the newly identified antibodies bound glycans for which there are no reported monoclonal antibodies available, and these may be useful as research tools, diagnostics, or therapeutic agents. Overall, the results provide insight into the types and properties of antiglycan antibodies produced by the human immune system and a framework for the identification of novel antiglycan antibodies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sebastian Temme
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Jennifer A Crainic
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Laura M Walker
- Adimab LLC, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA; Adagio Therapeutics, Inc., Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Weizhun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States; Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Zibin Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States; Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States; Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702.
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12
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Li S, Chen F, Li Y, Wang L, Li H, Gu G, Li E. Rhamnose-Containing Compounds: Biosynthesis and Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165315. [PMID: 36014553 PMCID: PMC9415975 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhamnose-associated molecules are attracting attention because they are present in bacteria but not mammals, making them potentially useful as antibacterial agents. Additionally, they are also valuable for tumor immunotherapy. Thus, studies on the functions and biosynthetic pathways of rhamnose-containing compounds are in progress. In this paper, studies on the biosynthetic pathways of three rhamnose donors, i.e., deoxythymidinediphosphate-L-rhamnose (dTDP-Rha), uridine diphosphate-rhamnose (UDP-Rha), and guanosine diphosphate rhamnose (GDP-Rha), are firstly reviewed, together with the functions and crystal structures of those associated enzymes. Among them, dTDP-Rha is the most common rhamnose donor, and four enzymes, including glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase RmlA, dTDP-Glc-4,6-dehydratase RmlB, dTDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-Glc-3,5-epimerase RmlC, and dTDP-4-keto-Rha reductase RmlD, are involved in its biosynthesis. Secondly, several known rhamnosyltransferases from Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Saccharopolyspora spinosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumoniae are discussed. In these studies, however, the functions of rhamnosyltransferases were verified by employing gene knockout and radiolabeled substrates, which were almost impossible to obtain and characterize the products of enzymatic reactions. Finally, the application of rhamnose-containing compounds in disease treatments is briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqiang Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Fermentation Engineering and Application, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Fujia Chen
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Fermentation Engineering and Application, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Fermentation Engineering and Application, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Guofeng Gu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (E.L.)
| | - Enzhong Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Fermentation Engineering and Application, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (E.L.)
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13
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Hong H, Lin H, Li D, Gong L, Zhou K, Li Y, Yu H, Zhao K, Shi J, Zhou Z, Huang Z, Wu Z. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of a Rhamnose‐Functionalized Bispecific Nanobody as a Bispecific Antibody Mimic for Cancer Immunotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haofei Hong
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Han Lin
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Dan Li
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Liang Gong
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Kun Zhou
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Yanchun Li
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Hangyan Yu
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Kai Zhao
- Westlake University School of Life Sciences Hangzhou CHINA
| | - Jie Shi
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 lihu ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Jiangnan University School of Biotechnology 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi CHINA
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14
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Butler DL, Imberti L, Quaresima V, Fiorini C, Gildersleeve JC. Abnormal antibodies to self-carbohydrates in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. PNAS NEXUS 2022; 1:pgac062. [PMID: 35865361 PMCID: PMC9291223 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Our immune system is critical for preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infections, but aberrant immune responses can have deleterious effects. While antibodies to glycans could recognize the virus and influence the clinical outcome, little is known about their roles. Using a carbohydrate antigen microarray, we profiled serum antibodies in healthy control subjects and COVID-19 patients from two separate cohorts. COVID-19 patients had numerous autoantibodies to self-glycans, including antiganglioside antibodies that can cause neurological disorders. Additionally, nearly all antiglycan IgM signals were lower in COVID-19 patients, indicating a global dysregulation of this class of antibodies. Autoantibodies to certain N-linked glycans correlated with more severe disease, as did low levels of antibodies to the Forssman antigen and ovalbumin. Collectively, this study indicates that expanded testing for antiglycan antibodies could be beneficial for clinical analysis of COVID-19 patients and illustrates the importance of including host and viral carbohydrate antigens when studying immune responses to viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy L Butler
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Luisa Imberti
- Centro di Ricerca Emato-oncologica AIL (CREA) and Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Virginia Quaresima
- Centro di Ricerca Emato-oncologica AIL (CREA) and Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorini
- Centro di Ricerca Emato-oncologica AIL (CREA) and Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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15
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Hribernik N, Chiodo F, Pieters R, Bernardi A. Rhamnose-based glycomimetic for recruitment of endogenous anti-rhamnose antibodies. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Ou C, Prabhu SK, Zhang X, Zong G, Yang Q, Wang LX. Synthetic Antibody-Rhamnose Cluster Conjugates Show Potent Complement-Dependent Cell Killing by Recruiting Natural Antibodies. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200146. [PMID: 35106843 PMCID: PMC8930617 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are one of the most rapidly growing drug classes used for the treatment of cancer, infectious and autoimmune diseases. Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) is one of the effector functions for antibodies to deplete target cells. We report here an efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of structurally well-defined conjugates of a monoclonal antibody with a rhamnose- and an αGal trisaccharide-cluster to recruit natural anti-rhamnose and anti-αGal antibodies, respectively, to enhance the CDC-dependent targeted cell killing. The synthesis was achieved by using a modular antibody Fc-glycan remodeling method that includes site-specific chemoenzymatic Fc-glycan functionalization and subsequent click conjugation of synthetic rhamnose- and αGal trisaccharide-cluster to provide the respective homogeneous antibody conjugates. Cell-based assays indicated that the antibody-rhamnose cluster conjugates could mediate potent CDC activity for targeted cancer cell killing and showed much more potent efficacy than the antibody-αGal trisaccharide cluster conjugates for CDC effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Ou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States
| | - Sunaina Kiran Prabhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States
| | - Guanghui Zong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States
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17
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Sheikh A, Wangdi T, Vickers TJ, Aaron B, Palmer M, Miller MJ, Kim S, Herring C, Simoes R, Crainic JA, Gildersleeve JC, van der Post S, Hansson GC, Fleckenstein JM. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Degrades the Host MUC2 Mucin Barrier To Facilitate Critical Pathogen-Enterocyte Interactions in Human Small Intestine. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0057221. [PMID: 34807735 PMCID: PMC8853678 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00572-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) isolates are genetically diverse pathological variants of E. coli defined by the production of heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) toxins. ETEC strains are estimated to cause hundreds of millions of cases of diarrheal illness annually. However, it is not clear that all strains are equally equipped to cause disease, and asymptomatic colonization with ETEC is common in low- to middle-income regions lacking basic sanitation and clean water where ETEC are ubiquitous. Recent molecular epidemiology studies have revealed a significant association between strains that produce EatA, a secreted autotransporter protein, and the development of symptomatic infection. Here, we demonstrate that LT stimulates production of MUC2 mucin by goblet cells in human small intestine, enhancing the protective barrier between pathogens and enterocytes. In contrast, using explants of human small intestine as well as small intestinal enteroids, we show that EatA counters this host defense by engaging and degrading the MUC2 mucin barrier to promote bacterial access to target enterocytes and ultimately toxin delivery, suggesting that EatA plays a crucial role in the molecular pathogenesis of ETEC. These findings may inform novel approaches to prevention of acute diarrheal illness as well as the sequelae associated with ETEC and other pathogens that rely on EatA and similar proteases for efficient interaction with their human hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaullah Sheikh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tamding Wangdi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tim J. Vickers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bailey Aaron
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Margot Palmer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mark J. Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Seonyoung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Cassandra Herring
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rita Simoes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Crainic
- Center for Cancer Research, Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Fredrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey C. Gildersleeve
- Center for Cancer Research, Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Fredrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Sjoerd van der Post
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar C. Hansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - James M. Fleckenstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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18
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Parashar S, Gupta V, Bhatnagar R, Kausar A. A clickable folic acid-rhamnose conjugate for selective binding to cancer cells. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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19
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Petralia LM, van Diepen A, Lokker LA, Nguyen DL, Sartono E, Khatri V, Kalyanasundaram R, Taron CH, Foster JM, Hokke CH. Mass spectrometric and glycan microarray-based characterization of the filarial nematode Brugia malayi glycome reveals anionic and zwitterionic glycan antigens. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100201. [PMID: 35065273 PMCID: PMC9046957 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide are infected with filarial nematodes, responsible for lymphatic filariasis (LF) and other diseases causing chronic disablement. Elimination programs have resulted in a substantial reduction of the rate of infection in certain areas creating a need for improved diagnostic tools to establish robust population surveillance and avoid LF resurgence. Glycans from parasitic helminths are emerging as potential antigens for use in diagnostic assays. However, despite its crucial role in host–parasite interactions, filarial glycosylation is still largely, structurally, and functionally uncharacterized. Therefore, we investigated the glycan repertoire of the filarial nematode Brugia malayi. Glycosphingolipid and N-linked glycans were extracted from several life-stages using enzymatic release and characterized using a combination of MALDI-TOF-MS and glycan sequencing techniques. Next, glycans were purified by HPLC and printed onto microarrays to assess the host anti-glycan antibody response. Comprehensive glycomic analysis of B. malayi revealed the presence of several putative antigenic motifs such as phosphorylcholine and terminal glucuronic acid. Glycan microarray screening showed a recognition of most B. malayi glycans by immunoglobulins from rhesus macaques at different time points after infection, which permitted the characterization of the dynamics of anti-glycan immunoglobulin G and M during the establishment of brugian filariasis. A significant level of IgG binding to the parasite glycans was also detected in infected human plasma, while IgG binding to glycans decreased after anthelmintic treatment. Altogether, our work identifies B. malayi glycan antigens and reveals antibody responses from the host that could be exploited as potential markers for LF. Antigenic B. malayi N-linked and GSL glycans were structurally defined. IgG/IgM is induced to a subset of B. malayi glycans upon infection of rhesus macaques. Preferential IgG response to B. malayi glycans observed in chronically infected humans. Marked drop of anti-glycan IgG following treatment of individuals with anthelminthic.
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20
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Purohit S, She JX. Multiplex Glycan Bead Array (MGBA ) for High Throughput and High Content Analyses of Glycan-Binding Proteins Including Natural Anti-Glycan Antibodies. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2460:33-44. [PMID: 34972929 PMCID: PMC9284344 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2148-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present here detailed protocols for the newly developed multiplex glycan bead array (MGBA) for the high throughput and high content analyses of various glycan-binding proteins including anti-glycan antibodies. This platform takes advantage of the commercially available Luminex beads to construct glycan arrays that are easily customizable at will and anytime by researchers. The platform allows the simultaneous analyses of up to 500 glycans and 384 samples at a time. By using multiple arrays, a researcher can analyze thousands of glycans and tens of thousands of samples within a short period. The assay is highly sensitive, specific, reproducible, economic, and fast. Furthermore, the bead array platform is approved for use in clinical settings, speeding up the translation of laboratory discoveries into patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Purohit
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Undergraduate Health Professionals, College of Allied Health Sciences Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jin-Xiong She
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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21
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Zhou K, Hong H, Lin H, Gong L, Li D, Shi J, Zhou Z, Xu F, Wu Z. Chemical Synthesis of Antibody-Hapten Conjugates Capable of Recruiting the Endogenous Antibody to Magnify the Fc Effector Immunity of Antibody for Cancer Immunotherapy. J Med Chem 2021; 65:323-332. [PMID: 34962121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with enhanced effector functions in cancer immunotherapy, such as complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), could improve the clinical performance. Here, we develop an mAb-hapten conjugate strategy to augment the mAb effector functions with the engagement of endogenous antibodies. An "off-the-shelf" mAb, rituximab, is site-specifically conjugated with the rhamnose (Rha) hapten to generate rituximab-Rha conjugates. The octopus-like conjugates could recruit anti-Rha antibodies onto the cancer cell surface and further form an immune complex that is able to provide multivalent Fc domains to interact with immune cells or complement protein C1q, leading to magnified ADCC and CDC simultaneously. One optimal conjugate R2 with PEG2 as a linker exhibits the most potent in vitro cancer cell killing activity and significant in vivo antitumor efficacy in a xenograft model. This is a general and cost-effective approach to generate mAb with improved effector functions that may have broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - HaoFei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Han Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Liang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
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22
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High Genomic Identity between Clinical and Environmental Strains of Herbaspirillum frisingense Suggests Pre-Adaptation to Different Hosts and Intrinsic Resistance to Multiple Drugs. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111409. [PMID: 34827347 PMCID: PMC8614823 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Herbaspirillum is widely studied for its ability to associate with grasses and to perform biological nitrogen fixation. However, the bacteria of the Herbaspirillum genus have frequently been isolated from clinical samples. Understanding the genomic characteristics that allow these bacteria to switch environments and become able to colonize human hosts is essential for monitoring emerging pathogens and predicting outbreaks. In this work, we describe the sequencing, assembly, and annotation of the genome of H. frisingense AU14559 isolated from the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis, and its comparison with the genomes of the uropathogenic strain VT-16-41 and the environmental strains GSF30, BH-1, IAC152, and SG826. The genes responsible for biological nitrogen fixation were absent from all strains except for GSF30. On the other hand, genes encoding virulence and host interaction factors were mostly shared with environmental strains. We also identified a large set of intrinsic antibiotic resistance genes that were shared across all strains. Unlike other strains, in addition to unique genomic islands, AU14559 has a mutation that renders the biosynthesis of rhamnose and its incorporation into the exopolysaccharide unfeasible. These data suggest that H. frisingense has characteristics that provide it with the metabolic diversity needed to infect and colonize human hosts.
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23
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Lamarre M, Tremblay T, Bansept MA, Robitaille K, Fradet V, Giguère D, Boudreau D. A glycan-based plasmonic sensor for prostate cancer diagnosis. Analyst 2021; 146:6852-6860. [PMID: 34623365 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00789k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer affects thousands of men who undergo clinical screening tests every year. The main biomarker used for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, prostate specific antigen (PSA), presents limitations that justify investigating new biomarkers to improve reliability. Antibodies against the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (Tn), or TACA, develop early in carcinogenesis, making them an interesting alternative as a target for prostate cancer diagnostics. In this work, the Tn antigen was synthesized and immobilized on a surface plasmon resonance sensor coated with a polydopamine/polyethylene oxide mixed layer used both as an anchoring surface for Tn capture moieties and to minimize surface fouling. The sensor could be regenerated and reused at least 60 times without any significant loss in sensitivity. Anti-Tn antibodies were detected in the 0-10 nM concentration range with detection limits of 0.1 and 0.3 nM in spiked buffer solutions and diluted human blood serum samples, respectively. Finally, as a proof-of-concept, this carbohydrate-based sensor was used to successfully discriminate blood serum samples from prostate cancer-free and prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lamarre
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Tremblay
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Marc-Antoine Bansept
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Oncology Division, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Oncology Division, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Giguère
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Denis Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Lin H, Zhou K, Li D, Hong H, Xie Y, Gong L, Shen Y, Zhou Z, Shi J, Wu Z. Dinitrophenol-Hyaluronan Conjugates as Multivalent Antibody-Recruiting Glycopolymers for Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2960-2968. [PMID: 34235861 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent antibody-recruiting glycopolymers (MARGs) composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) grafted with multiple copies of dinitrophenol (DNP) were developed for targeted cancer immunotherapy. Structure-activity studies demonstrated that the MARGs were able to specifically recognize CD44-positive cancer cells and displayed remarkable antibody-recruiting capacities and tumor cell killing activities dependent on the introduced multivalent effect and the length of PEG linker. One of the MARGs, HA-[PEG3 -DNP]8 , showed the best capacity for clustering anti-DNP antibodies onto CD44-positive cancer cells and displayed potent in vitro anti-cancer activity by triggering complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Moreover, we found that HA-[PEG3 -DNP]8 significantly inhibited the xenograft tumor growth of Babl/c nude mice bearing triple negative breast cancer cells, while it did not cause detectable histological cytotoxicity. Given the easy access of this type of natural glycopolymer and the practical synthesis approach, these MARGs provide promising immunotherapeutics for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Haofei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuntian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Liang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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Carbohydrate antigen microarray analysis of serum IgG and IgM antibodies before and after adult porcine islet xenotransplantation in cynomolgus macaques. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253029. [PMID: 34138941 PMCID: PMC8211184 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the anti-carbohydrate antibody response toward epitopes expressed on porcine cells, tissues, and organs is critical to advancing xenotransplantation toward clinical application. In this study, we determined IgM and IgG antibody specificities and relative concentrations in five cynomolgus monkeys at baseline and at intervals following intraportal xenotransplantation of adult porcine islets. This study utilized a carbohydrate antigen microarray that comprised more than 400 glycoconjugates, including historically reported α-Gal and non-α-Gal carbohydrate antigens with various modifications. The elicited anti-carbohydrate antibody responses were predominantly IgM compared to IgG in 4 out of 5 monkeys. Patterns of elicited antibody responses greater than 1.5 difference (log2 base units; 2.8-fold on a linear scale) from pre-serum to post-serum sampling specific for carbohydrate antigens were heterogeneous and recipient-specific. Increases in the elicited antibody response to α-Gal, Sda, GM2 antigens, or Lexis X antigen were found in individual monkeys. The novel carbohydrate structures Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1 and N-linked glycans with Manα1-6(GlcNAcβ1-2Manα1-3)Manβ1-4GlcNAcβ structure were common targets of elicited IgM antibodies. These results provide important insights into the carbohydrate epitopes that elicit antibodies following pig-to-monkey islet xenotransplantation and reveal possible targets for gene editing.
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Todaro B, Achilli S, Liet B, Laigre E, Tiertant C, Goyard D, Berthet N, Renaudet O. Structural influence of antibody recruiting glycodendrimers (ARGs) on antitumoral cytotoxicity. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4076-4085. [PMID: 33913968 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The recruitment of endogenous antibodies against cancer cells has become a reliable antitumoral immunotherapeutic alternative over the last decade. The covalent attachment of antibody and tumor binding modules (ABM and TBM) within a single, well-defined synthetic molecule was indeed demonstrated to promote the formation of an interacting ternary complex between both the antibodies and the targeted cell, which usually results in the simultaneous immune-mediated cellular destruction. In a preliminary study, we have described the first Antibody Recruiting Glycodendrimers (ARGs), combining cRGD as ligands for the αVβ3-expressing melanoma cell line M21 and Rha as ligand for natural IgM, and demonstrated that multivalency is an essential requirement to form this complex. In the present study, we synthesized a new series of ARGs composed of ABMs, i.e. self-condensed rhamnosylated cyclopeptide and polylysine dendrimer, which have been conjugated to the TBM with or without spacer. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy experiments with human serum and different cell lines revealed that the ABM geometry significantly influences the ternary complex formation in M21, whereas no significant binding occurs in BT 549 having low integrin expression. In addition, we demonstrate with a cellular viability assay that ARGs induce high level of cytotoxicity against M21 which is also in close correlation with the ABM structure. In particular, we have shown that ARG combining cyclopeptide core and branches, with or without spacer, induce 40-57% of selective cytotoxicity against M21 cells in the presence of human serum as the unique source of immunity effectors. Finally, we also highlight that the spacer between ABM and TBM enables an increase of the immune-mediate cytotoxicity even with ABM of lower valency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Todaro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Silvia Achilli
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Benjamin Liet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Eugénie Laigre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Claire Tiertant
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - David Goyard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Nathalie Berthet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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27
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Harvey MR, Chiodo F, Noest W, Hokke CH, van der Marel GA, Codée JD. Synthesis and Antibody Binding Studies of Schistosome-Derived Oligo-α-(1-2)-l-Fucosides. Molecules 2021; 26:2246. [PMID: 33924587 PMCID: PMC8068878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is caused by blood-dwelling parasitic trematodes of the genus Schistosoma and is classified by the WHO as the second most socioeconomically devastating parasitic disease, second only to malaria. Schistosoma expresses a complex array of glycans as part of glycoproteins and glycolipids that can be targeted by both the adaptive and the innate part of the immune system. Some of these glycans can be used for diagnostic purposes. A subgroup of schistosome glycans is decorated with unique α-(1-2)-fucosides and it has been shown that these often multi-fucosylated fragments are prime targets for antibodies generated during infection. Since these α-(1-2)-fucosides cannot be obtained in sufficient purity from biological sources, we set out to develop an effective route of synthesis towards α-(1-2)-oligofucosides of varying length. Here we describe the exploration of two different approaches, starting from either end of the fucose chains. The oligosaccharides have been attached to gold nanoparticles and used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA and a microarray format to probe antibody binding. We show that binding to the oligofucosides of antibodies in sera of infected people depends on the length of the oligofucose chains, with the largest glycans showing most binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Harvey
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.R.H.); (F.C.); (W.N.); (G.A.v.d.M.)
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.R.H.); (F.C.); (W.N.); (G.A.v.d.M.)
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Wouter Noest
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.R.H.); (F.C.); (W.N.); (G.A.v.d.M.)
| | - Cornelis H. Hokke
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Gijsbert A. van der Marel
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.R.H.); (F.C.); (W.N.); (G.A.v.d.M.)
| | - Jeroen D.C. Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.R.H.); (F.C.); (W.N.); (G.A.v.d.M.)
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28
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Lecerf M, Kanyavuz A, Rossini S, Dimitrov JD. Interaction of clinical-stage antibodies with heme predicts their physiochemical and binding qualities. Commun Biol 2021; 4:391. [PMID: 33758329 PMCID: PMC7988133 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin repertoires contain a fraction of antibodies that recognize low molecular weight compounds, including some enzymes' cofactors, such as heme. Here, by using a set of 113 samples with variable region sequences matching clinical-stage antibodies, we demonstrated that a considerable number of these antibodies interact with heme. Antibodies that interact with heme possess specific sequence traits of their antigen-binding regions. Moreover they manifest particular physicochemical and functional qualities i.e. increased hydrophobicity, higher propensity of self-binding, higher intrinsic polyreactivity and reduced expression yields. Thus, interaction with heme is a strong predictor of different molecular and functional qualities of antibodies. Notably, these qualities are of high importance for therapeutic antibodies, as their presence was associated with failure of drug candidates to reach clinic. Our study reveled an important facet of information about relationship sequence-function in antibodies. It also offers a convenient tool for detection of liabilities of therapeutic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lecerf
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Alexia Kanyavuz
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Sofia Rossini
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Jordan D Dimitrov
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France.
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29
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Hawthorne WJ, Thomas A, Burlak C. Xenotransplantation literature update, November/December 2020. Xenotransplantation 2021; 28:e12674. [PMID: 33745161 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wayne J Hawthorne
- The Centre for Transplant & Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,The Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Adwin Thomas
- The Centre for Transplant & Renal Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Burlak
- Department of Surgery, Schulze Diabetes Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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30
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Nkurunungi G, Mpairwe H, Versteeg SA, Diepen A, Nassuuna J, Kabagenyi J, Nambuya I, Sanya RE, Nampijja M, Serna S, Reichardt N, Hokke CH, Webb EL, Ree R, Yazdanbakhsh M, Elliott AM. Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant-specific IgE obscures true atopy and exhibits ⍺-1,3-fucose epitope-specific inverse associations with asthma. Allergy 2021; 76:233-246. [PMID: 32568414 PMCID: PMC7610925 DOI: 10.1111/all.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background In high-income, temperate countries, IgE to allergen extracts is a risk factor for, and mediator of, allergy-related diseases (ARDs). In the tropics, positive IgE tests are also prevalent, but rarely associated with ARD. Instead, IgE responses to ubiquitous cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) on plant, insect and parasite glycoproteins, rather than to established major allergens, are dominant. Because anti-CCD IgE has limited clinical relevance, it may impact ARD phenotyping and assessment of contribution of atopy to ARD. Methods Using an allergen extract-based test, a glycan and an allergen (glyco)protein microarray, we mapped IgE fine specificity among Ugandan rural Schistosoma mansoni (Sm)-endemic communities, proximate urban communities, and importantly in asthmatic and nonasthmatic schoolchildren. Results Overall, IgE sensitization to extracts was highly prevalent (43%-73%) but allergen arrays indicated that this was not attributable to established major allergenic components of the extracts (0%-36%); instead, over 40% of all participants recognized CCD-bearing components. Using glycan arrays, we dissected IgE responses to specific glycan moieties and found that reactivity to classical CCD epitopes (core β-1,2-xylose, α-1,3-fucose) was positively associated with sensitization to extracts, rural environment and Sm infection, but not with skin reactivity to extracts or sensitization to their major allergenic components. Interestingly, we discovered that reactivity to only a subset of core α-1,3-fucose-carrying N-glycans was inversely associated with asthma. Conclusions CCD reactivity is not just an epiphenomenon of parasite exposure hampering specificity of allergy diagnostics; mechanistic studies should investigate whether specific CCD moieties identified here are implicated in the protective effect of certain environmental exposures against asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyaviira Nkurunungi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
- Department of Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK
| | - Harriet Mpairwe
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Serge A. Versteeg
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers (AMC) Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Angela Diepen
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Jacent Nassuuna
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Joyce Kabagenyi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Irene Nambuya
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Richard E. Sanya
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
- College of Health Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda
| | - Margaret Nampijja
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Sonia Serna
- Glycotechnology Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE) San Sebastián Spain
| | - Niels‐Christian Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE) San Sebastián Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER‐BBN) San Sebastián Spain
| | - Cornelis H. Hokke
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Emily L. Webb
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group London UK
| | - Ronald Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers (AMC) Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Maria Yazdanbakhsh
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Alison M. Elliott
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
- Department of Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK
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31
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Cooper O, Phan HP, Wang B, Lowe S, Day CJ, Nguyen NT, Tiralongo J. Functional Microarray Platform with Self-Assembled Monolayers on 3C-Silicon Carbide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13181-13192. [PMID: 33104368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently available bioplatforms such as microarrays and surface plasmon resonators are unable to combine high-throughput multiplexing with label-free detection. As such, emerging microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and microplasmonics platforms offer the potential for high-resolution, high-throughput label-free sensing of biological and chemical analytes. Therefore, the search for materials capable of combining multiplexing and label-free quantitation is of great significance. Recently, interest in silicon carbide (SiC) as a suitable material in numerous biomedical applications has increased due to its well-explored chemical inertness, mechanical strength, bio- and hemocompatibility, and the presence of carbon that enables the transfer-free growth of graphene. SiC is also multifunctional as both a wide-band-gap semiconductor and an efficient low-loss plasmonics material and thus is ideal for augmenting current biotransducers in biosensors. Additionally, the cubic variant, 3C-SiC, is an extremely promising material for MEMS, being a suitable platform for the easy micromachining of microcantilevers, and as such capable of realizing the potential of real time miniaturized multiplexed assays. The generation of an appropriately functionalized and versatile organic monolayer suitable for the immobilization of biomolecules is therefore critical to explore label-free, multiplexed quantitation of biological interactions on SiC. Herein, we address the use of various silane self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for the covalent functionalization of monocrystalline 3C-SiC films as a novel platform for the generation of functionalized microarray surfaces using high-throughput glycan arrays as the model system. We also demonstrate the ability to robotically print high throughput arrays on free-standing SiC microstructures. The implementation of a SiC-based label-free glycan array will provide a proof of principle that could be extended to the immobilization of other biomolecules in a similar SiC-based array format, thus making potentially significant advances to the way biological interactions are studied.
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32
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Butler DL, Gildersleeve JC. Abnormal antibodies to self-carbohydrates in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2020:2020.10.15.341479. [PMID: 33083799 PMCID: PMC7574254 DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.15.341479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a deadly virus that is causing the global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our immune system plays a critical role in preventing, clearing, and treating the virus, but aberrant immune responses can contribute to deleterious symptoms and mortality. Many aspects of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 are being investigated, but little is known about immune responses to carbohydrates. Since the surface of the virus is heavily glycosylated, pre-existing antibodies to glycans could potentially recognize the virus and influence disease progression. Furthermore, antibody responses to carbohydrates could be induced, affecting disease severity and clinical outcome. In this study, we used a carbohydrate antigen microarray with over 800 individual components to profile serum anti-glycan antibodies in COVID-19 patients and healthy control subjects. In COVID-19 patients, we observed abnormally high IgG and IgM antibodies to numerous self-glycans, including gangliosides, N -linked glycans, LacNAc-containing glycans, blood group H, and sialyl Lewis X. Some of these anti-glycan antibodies are known to play roles in autoimmune diseases and neurological disorders, which may help explain some of the unusual and prolonged symptoms observed in COVID-19 patients. The detection of antibodies to self-glycans has important implications for using convalescent serum to treat patients, developing safe and effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and understanding the risks of infection. In addition, this study provides new insight into the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and illustrates the importance of including host and viral carbohydrate antigens when studying immune responses to viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy L. Butler
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Jeffrey C. Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702
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33
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Kappler K, Restin T, Lasanajak Y, Smith DF, Bassler D, Hennet T. Limited Neonatal Carbohydrate-Specific Antibody Repertoire Consecutive to Partial Prenatal Transfer of Maternal Antibodies. Front Immunol 2020; 11:573629. [PMID: 33162988 PMCID: PMC7591393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the prominence of carbohydrate-specific antibodies in human sera, data on their emergence and antigen specificities are limited. Whereas maternal IgG are transferred prenatally to the fetal circulation, IgM present in cord blood originate from fetal B lymphocytes. Considering the limited exposure of the fetus to foreign antigens, we assessed the repertoire of carbohydrate-specific antibodies in human cord blood and matched maternal blood samples using glycan arrays. Carbohydrate-specific IgM was absent in cord blood, whereas low cord blood IgG reactivity to glycans was detectable. Comparing IgG reactivities of matched pairs, we observed a general lack of correlation in the antigen specificity of IgG from cord blood and maternal blood due to a selective exclusion of most carbohydrate-specific IgG from maternofetal transfer. Given the importance of intestinal bacteria in inducing carbohydrate-specific antibodies, we analyzed global antibody specificities toward commensal bacteria. Similar IgG reactivities to specific Bacteroides species were detected in matched cord and maternal blood samples, thus pointing to an efficient maternal transfer of anti-microbial IgG. Due to the observed selectivity in maternofetal IgG transfer, the lack of fetal antibodies to carbohydrate epitopes is only partially compensated by maternal IgG, thus resulting in a weak response to carbohydrate antigens in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanja Restin
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yi Lasanajak
- Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - David F Smith
- Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Dirk Bassler
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Hennet
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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34
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Luetscher RND, McKitrick TR, Gao C, Mehta AY, McQuillan AM, Kardish R, Boligan KF, Song X, Lu L, Heimburg-Molinaro J, von Gunten S, Alter G, Cummings RD. Unique repertoire of anti-carbohydrate antibodies in individual human serum. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15436. [PMID: 32963315 PMCID: PMC7509809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Humoral immunity to pathogens and other environmental challenges is paramount to maintain normal health, and individuals lacking or unable to make antibodies are at risk. Recent studies indicate that many human protective antibodies are against carbohydrate antigens; however, little is known about repertoires and individual variation of anti-carbohydrate antibodies in healthy individuals. Here we analyzed anti-carbohydrate antibody repertoires (ACARs) of 105 healthy individual adult donors, aged 20-60+ from different ethnic backgrounds to explore variations in antibodies, as defined by binding to glycan microarrays and by affinity purification. Using microarrays that contained > 1,000 glycans, including antigens from animal cells and microbes, we profiled the IgG and IgM ACARs from all donors. Each donor expressed many ACAs, but had a relatively unique ACAR, which included unanticipated antibodies to carbohydrate antigens not well studied, such as chitin oligosaccharides, Forssman-related antigens, globo-type antigens, and bacterial glycans. We also saw some expected antibodies to ABO(H) blood group and α-Gal-type antigens, although these also varied among individuals. Analysis suggests differences in ACARs are associated with ethnicity and age. Thus, each individual ACAR is relatively unique, suggesting that individualized information could be useful in precision medicine for predicting and monitoring immune health and resistance to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph N D Luetscher
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tanya R McKitrick
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Akul Y Mehta
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alyssa M McQuillan
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Robert Kardish
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Scienion US, 2640 West Medtronic Way, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | | | - Xuezheng Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Lenette Lu
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Galit Alter
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Kappler K, Hennet T. Emergence and significance of carbohydrate-specific antibodies. Genes Immun 2020; 21:224-239. [PMID: 32753697 PMCID: PMC7449879 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-020-0105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-specific antibodies are widespread among all classes of immunoglobulins. Despite their broad occurrence, little is known about their formation and biological significance. Carbohydrate-specific antibodies are often classified as natural antibodies under the assumption that they arise without prior exposure to exogenous antigens. On the other hand, various carbohydrate-specific antibodies, including antibodies to ABO blood group antigens, emerge after the contact of immune cells with the intestinal microbiota, which expresses a vast diversity of carbohydrate antigens. Here we explore the development of carbohydrate-specific antibodies in humans, addressing the definition of natural antibodies and the production of carbohydrate-specific antibodies upon antigen stimulation. We focus on the significance of the intestinal microbiota in shaping carbohydrate-specific antibodies not just in the gut, but also in the blood circulation. The structural similarity between bacterial carbohydrate antigens and surface glycoconjugates of protists, fungi and animals leads to the production of carbohydrate-specific antibodies protective against a broad range of pathogens. Mimicry between bacterial and human glycoconjugates, however, can also lead to the generation of carbohydrate-specific antibodies that cross-react with human antigens, thereby contributing to the development of autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thierry Hennet
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Burlak C, Taylor RT, Wang ZY, Tector AJ. Human anti‐α‐fucose antibodies are xenoreactive toward GGTA1/CMAH knockout pigs. Xenotransplantation 2020; 27:e12629. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Travis Taylor
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of Toledo Medical Center Toledo OH USA
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Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of a Single Molecular Construct MUC1 Vaccine Containing l-Rhamnose Repeating Units. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143137. [PMID: 32659971 PMCID: PMC7397004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A rhamnose targeting strategy for generating effective anticancer vaccines was successful in our previous studies. We showed that by utilizing natural anti-rhamnose antibodies, a rhamnose-containing vaccine can be targeted to antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells. In this case, rhamnose (Rha) was linked directly to the liposomes bearing the antigen. However, in the current approach, we conjugated a multivalent Tri-Rha ligand with the antigen itself, making it a single component vaccine construct, unlike the previous two-component vaccine construct where Rha cholesterol and Mucin1 (MUC1) antigen were both linked separately to the liposomes. Synthesis required the development of a linker for coupling of the Rha-Ser residues. We compared those two systems in a mouse model and found increased production of anti-MUC1 antibodies and more primed antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in both of the targeted approaches when compared to the control group, suggesting that this one-component vaccine construct could be a potential design used in our MUC1 targeting mechanisms.
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Reintjens NRM, Koemans TS, Zilverschoon N, Castelli R, Cordfunke RA, Drijfhout JW, Meeuwenoord NJ, Overkleeft HS, Filippov DV, Marel GA, Codée JDC. Synthesis of
C
‐Glycosyl Amino Acid Building Blocks Suitable for the Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Multivalent Glycopeptide Mimics. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels R. M. Reintjens
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Tony S. Koemans
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Nick Zilverschoon
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Castelli
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Robert A. Cordfunke
- Dept. of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion Leiden University Medical Center Leiden University Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Jan Wouter Drijfhout
- Dept. of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion Leiden University Medical Center Leiden University Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Nico J. Meeuwenoord
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Herman S. Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Dmitri V. Filippov
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Gijsbert A. Marel
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
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40
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Yang YYM, Wilson RA, Thomas SRL, Kariuki TM, van Diepen A, Hokke CH. Micro Array-Assisted Analysis of Anti-Schistosome Glycan Antibodies Elicited by Protective Vaccination With Irradiated Cercariae. J Infect Dis 2020; 219:1671-1680. [PMID: 30561696 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Baboons vaccinated with radiation-attenuated cercariae develop high levels of protection against schistosome infection, correlating to high antibody titres towards schistosome antigens with unknown molecular identity. Using a microarray consisting of glycans isolated from different life-stages of schistosomes, we studied the anti-glycan immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM responses in vaccinated and challenged baboons over a time course of 25 weeks. Anti-glycan IgM responses developed early after vaccination, but did not rise in response to later vaccinations. In contrast, anti-glycan IgG developed more slowly, but was boosted by all five subsequent vaccinations. High IgM and IgG levels against O-glycans and glycosphingolipid glycans of cercariae were observed. At the time of challenge, while most antibody levels decreased in the absence of vaccination, IgG towards a subset of glycans containing multiple-fucosylated motifs remained high until 6 weeks post-challenge during challenge parasite elimination, suggesting a possible role of this IgG in protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Michelle Yang
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R Alan Wilson
- Centre for Immunology & Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Steffan R L Thomas
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas M Kariuki
- The Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa, Africa Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Angela van Diepen
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H Hokke
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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E Perry H, Ryzhov I, Galanina O, V Bovin N, M Henry S. Incidence in plasma of low level antibodies against three xenotransplantation and immunotherapeutic glycan antigens. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2020007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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De Coen R, Nuhn L, Perera C, Arista-Romero M, Risseeuw MDP, Freyn A, Nachbagauer R, Albertazzi L, Van Calenbergh S, Spiegel DA, Peterson BR, De Geest BG. Synthetic Rhamnose Glycopolymer Cell-Surface Receptor for Endogenous Antibody Recruitment. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:793-802. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben De Coen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lutz Nuhn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Chamani Perera
- Higuchi Biosciences Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Maria Arista-Romero
- Nanoscopy for Nanomedicine Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alec Freyn
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Raffael Nachbagauer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Nanoscopy for Nanomedicine Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - David A. Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Blake R. Peterson
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Liet B, Laigre E, Goyard D, Todaro B, Tiertant C, Boturyn D, Berthet N, Renaudet O. Multifunctional Glycoconjugates for Recruiting Natural Antibodies against Cancer Cells. Chemistry 2019; 25:15508-15515. [PMID: 31613028 PMCID: PMC6916168 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a fully synthetic and multifunctional antibody-recruiting molecule (ARM) to guide natural antibodies already present in the blood stream against cancer cells without pre-immunization. Our ARM is composed of antibody and tumor binding modules (i.e., ABM and TBM) displaying clustered rhamnose and cyclo-RGD, respectively. By using a stepwise approach, we have first demonstrated the importance of multivalency for efficient recognition with naturel IgM and αv β3 integrin expressing M21 tumor cell line. Once covalently conjugated by click chemistry, we confirmed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy that the recognition properties of both the ABM and TBM are conserved, and more importantly, that the resulting ARM promotes the formation of a ternary complex between natural IgM and cancer cells, which is required for the stimulation of the cytotoxic immune response in vivo. Due to the efficiency of the synthetic process, a larger diversity of heterovalent ligands could be easily explored by using the same multivalent approach and could open new perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Liet
- DCM, UMR 5250Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS38000GrenobleFrance
| | - Eugénie Laigre
- DCM, UMR 5250Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS38000GrenobleFrance
| | - David Goyard
- DCM, UMR 5250Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS38000GrenobleFrance
| | - Biagio Todaro
- DCM, UMR 5250Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS38000GrenobleFrance
| | - Claire Tiertant
- DCM, UMR 5250Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS38000GrenobleFrance
| | - Didier Boturyn
- DCM, UMR 5250Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS38000GrenobleFrance
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Yamada K, Higashi K, Nagahori H, Saito K. Circulating natural antibodies against 3'-sialyllactose complement the diagnostic performance of CA19-9 for the early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2019; 27:121-128. [PMID: 31771041 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a devastating malignancy with an extremely poor prognosis. Although the most widely used biomarker for pancreatic cancer is carbohydrate antigen CA19-9, it is elevated mainly in the late stage of pancreatic cancer. Some serum natural antibodies against carbohydrates have been shown to be possible diagnostic markers for cancer. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to determine whether the level of natural antibodies against carbohydrates fluctuates in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. METHODS Serum from pancreatic cancer subjects (n= 55) and 43 subjects free of malignant disease were studied. The contents of natural antibodies against sialyl glycans and CA19-9 in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The level of serum anti-3'-sialyllactose antibodies in pancreatic cancer subjects was significantly lower than that in healthy controls. In contrast, the amounts of serum antibodies against other sialyl glycans were comparable between the two groups. Concentration of serum anti-3'-sialyllactose IgG provided excellent AUC of 0.86, with sensitivity 82%, specificity 81%, and accuracy 82%. The combination of serum anti-3'-sialyllactose IgG with CA19-9 improved the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer detection at an early stage. CONCLUSIONS Natural antibodies against 3'-sialyllactose constitute a promising biomarker for pancreatic cancer detection. The measurement of serum anti-3'-sialyllactose antibodies could play a supportive role in diagnostics and complement the performance of CA19-9 for the early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Yamada
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Higashi
- Advanced Materials Development Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Nagahori
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Saito
- Advanced Materials Development Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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45
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Nanno Y, Sterner E, Gildersleeve JC, Hering BJ, Burlak C. Profiling natural serum antibodies of non-human primates with a carbohydrate antigen microarray. Xenotransplantation 2019; 27:e12567. [PMID: 31762117 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engineering of α-Galactosyltransferase gene-knockout pigs circumvented hyperacute rejection of pig organs after xenotransplantation in non-human primates. Overcoming this hurdle revealed the importance of non-α-Gal carbohydrate antigens in the immunobiology of acute humoral xenograft rejection. METHODS This study analyzed serum from seven naïve cynomolgus monkeys (blood type O/B/AB = 3/2/2) for the intensity of natural IgM and IgG signals using carbohydrate antigen microarray, which included historically reported α-Gal and non-α-Gal carbohydrate antigens with various modifications. RESULTS The median (range) of IgM and IgG signals were 12.71 (7.23-16.38) and 9.05 (7.23-15.90), respectively. The highest IgM and IgG signals with narrowest distribution were from mono- and disaccharides, followed by modified structures. Natural anti-α-Gal antibody signals were medium to high in IgM (11.2-15.9) and medium in IgG (8.5-11.6) spectra, and was highest with Lac core structure (Galα1-3Galβ1-4Glc, iGb3) and lowest with LacNAc core structure (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc). Similar signal intensities (up to 15.8 in IgM and up to 11.8 in IgG) were observed for historically detected natural non-α-Gal antigens, which included Tn antigen, T antigen, GM2 glycolipid, and Sda antigen. The hierarchical clustering analysis revealed the presence of clusters of anti-A antibodies and was capable of distinguishing between the blood group B and AB non-human primates. CONCLUSIONS The results presented here provide the most comprehensive evaluation of natural antibodies present in cynomolgus monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Nanno
- Department of Surgery, Schulze Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric Sterner
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Bernhard J Hering
- Department of Surgery, Schulze Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christopher Burlak
- Department of Surgery, Schulze Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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46
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Hong H, Zhou Z, Zhou K, Liu S, Guo Z, Wu Z. Site-specific C-terminal dinitrophenylation to reconstitute the antibody Fc functions for nanobodies. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9331-9338. [PMID: 32110296 PMCID: PMC7006623 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03840j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanobodies are a class of camelid-derived single-domain antibodies that have many potential advantages over conventional antibodies and have been utilized to develop new therapeutic strategies for cancer and other diseases. However, nanobodies lack the Fc region of a conventional antibody, which possesses many functions, e.g., eliciting antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), essential for effective immunotherapy. The small molecular size of nanobodies also leads to poor pharmacokinetics, such as short in vivo half-life. To address these deficiencies, an endogenous antibody-based strategy to reconstitute the Fc functions for nanobodies was developed. As a proof-of-principle, an anti-human EGFR nanobody, 7D12, was selected to conduct C-terminal modification with the dinitrophenyl (DNP) hapten through Sortase A-mediated site-specific ligation. It was expected that the DNP motif would recruit endogenous human anti-DNP antibodies to indirectly reinstate the Fc functions. The resultant nanobody-DNP conjugates were shown to exhibit specific and high affinity binding to human EGFR expressed on target cancer cells. It was further proved that in the presence of anti-DNP antibody, these conjugates could mediate potent ADCC and CDC in vitro and exhibit significantly elongated half-life in vivo. Ultimately, it was proven in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice that treatment with the nanobody 7D12-DNP conjugate and anti-DNP mouse serum could inhibit xenograft tumor growth efficiently. In view of the abundance of anti-DNP and other endogenous antibodies in the human blood system, this could be a generally applicable approach employed to reconstitute the Fc functions for nanobodies and develop nanobody-based cancer immunotherapy and other therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology , Ministry of Education , School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , 214122 , China .
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology , Ministry of Education , School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , 214122 , China .
| | - Kun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology , Ministry of Education , School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , 214122 , China .
| | - Shaozhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology , Ministry of Education , School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , 214122 , China .
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , 214 Leigh Hall , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , USA .
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology , Ministry of Education , School of Biotechnology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , 214122 , China .
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Abstract
Natural antibodies are an innate-like subset of serum antibodies involved in host defense, tumor surveillance, homeostasis, and autoimmunity. Defining the natural antibody repertoire is critical for identifying biomarkers, developing vaccines, controlling and preventing autoimmunity, and understanding the development and organization of the immune system. While natural antibodies to protein antigens have been studied in depth, little is known about natural antibodies to carbohydrate antigens. To address this, we profiled IgM from umbilical cord blood and matched maternal sera on a glycan microarray. Since standard methods to detect maternal contamination in cord serum did not have sufficient sensitivity for our study, we developed a highly sensitive microarray-based assay. Using this method, we found that over 50% of the cord samples had unacceptable levels of maternal contamination. For the cord samples with high purity, anti-glycan IgM antibodies were prevalent and recognized a broad range of non-human and human glycans. Using principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering, cord IgM repertoires showed a high degree of similarity with each other but were distinct from maternal IgM repertoires. Our results demonstrate that many anti-glycan antibodies in human serum are natural antibodies and provide new insights into the development of anti-glycan antibody repertoires.
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Chou Y, Kitova EN, Joe M, Brunton R, Lowary TL, Klassen JS, Derda R. Genetically-encoded fragment-based discovery (GE-FBD) of glycopeptide ligands with differential selectivity for antibodies related to mycobacterial infections. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:223-227. [PMID: 29255817 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02783d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Accurate identification of tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is important for global disease management. Point-of-care serological tests may improve TB diagnosis; however, specificities of available serodiagnostics are sub-optimal. We employed genetically encoded fragment-based discovery (GE-FBD) to select ligands for antibodies directed against the mycobacterial cell wall component lipoarabinomannan (LAM), a potent antigen. GE-FBD employed a phage displayed library of 108 heptapeptides, chemically modified with an arabinofuranosyl hexasaccharide fragment of LAM (Ara6), and the anti-LAM antibody CS-35 as a bait. The selection gave rise to glycopeptides with an enhanced affinity and selectivity for CS-35 but not for 906.4321 antibody, both of which bind to Ara6 with a comparable affinity. Multivalent assays incorporating the discovered ligands Ara6-ANSSFAP, Ara6-DAHATLR and Ara6-TTYVVNP exhibited up to 19-fold discrimination between CS-35 and 906.4321. The use of the Ara6 antigen alone failed to distinguish these antibodies. Thus, GE-FBD gives rise to ligands that differentiate monoclonal antibodies with enhanced specificity. This technology could facilitate the development of effective point-of-care serological tests for mycobacterial and other infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chou
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2.
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Hossain MK, Vartak A, Sucheck SJ, Wall KA. Liposomal Fc Domain Conjugated to a Cancer Vaccine Enhances Both Humoral and Cellular Immunity. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:5204-5208. [PMID: 30949616 PMCID: PMC6441943 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of antigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by utilizing natural anticarbohydrate antibodies is a promising approach for selective uptake and enhanced antigen presentation. Previously, we reported that in the presence of a natural antibody, anti-rhamnose antibody (anti-Rha), the bacterial sugar rhamnose conjugated with liposomal cancer antigen MUC1-Tn enhances antigen presentation by APCs such as dendritic cells by targeting Fc gamma receptors. The idea was to utilize the natural human anti-Rha antibodies present in human serum for targeted delivery of cancer-specific antigens. Recently, we found that the IgG3 antibody isotype was the most prevalent anti-Rha antibody generated in mice immunized with rhamnose-Ficoll (Rha-Ficoll) antigen. In this manuscript, we have conjugated the murine IgG3-Fc with a MUC1-containing cancer vaccine and compared the humoral and cellular immune response to this vaccine with one targeted via the human anti-Rha antibody and to the MUC1 vaccine alone. This Fc approach enhanced antibody production and T-cell proliferation almost to the same level as using the anti-Rha antibody. These results suggest that targeting Fc directly to dendritic cells can be an alternative approach to human anti-Rha for generating effective antigen-primed T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamal Hossain
- Department
of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Abhishek Vartak
- Department
of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Steven J. Sucheck
- Department
of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Katherine A. Wall
- Department
of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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50
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Nkurunungi G, van Diepen A, Nassuuna J, Sanya RE, Nampijja M, Nambuya I, Kabagenyi J, Serna S, Reichardt NC, van Ree R, Webb EL, Elliott AM, Yazdanbakhsh M, Hokke CH. Microarray assessment of N-glycan-specific IgE and IgG profiles associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection in rural and urban Uganda. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3522. [PMID: 30837526 PMCID: PMC6401159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Core β-1,2-xylose and α-1,3-fucose are antigenic motifs on schistosome N-glycans, as well as prominent IgE targets on some plant and insect glycoproteins. To map the association of schistosome infection with responses to these motifs, we assessed plasma IgE and IgG reactivity using microarray technology among Ugandans from rural Schistosoma mansoni (Sm)-endemic islands (n = 209), and from proximate urban communities with lower Sm exposure (n = 62). IgE and IgG responses to core β-1,2-xylose and α-1,3-fucose modified N-glycans were higher in rural versus urban participants. Among rural participants, IgE and IgG to core β-1,2-xylose were positively associated with Sm infection and concentration peaks coincided with the infection intensity peak in early adolescence. Responses to core α-1,3-fucose were elevated regardless of Sm infection status and peaked before the infection peak. Among urban participants, Sm infection intensity was predominantly light and positively associated with responses to both motifs. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analysis reduced the data to a set of variables that captured core β-1,2-xylose- and α-1,3-fucose-specific responses, and confirmed associations with Sm and the rural environment. Responses to core β-1,2-xylose and α-1,3-fucose have distinctive relationships with Sm infection and intensity that should further be explored for associations with protective immunity, and cross-reactivity with other exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyaviira Nkurunungi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda. .,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Angela van Diepen
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacent Nassuuna
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Richard E Sanya
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.,College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Margaret Nampijja
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Irene Nambuya
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Joyce Kabagenyi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Sonia Serna
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Niels-Christian Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE), San Sebastián, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emily L Webb
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison M Elliott
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Yazdanbakhsh
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H Hokke
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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