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Ricker K, Cheng V, Hsieh CJ, Tsai FC, Osborne G, Li K, Yilmazer-Musa M, Sandy MS, Cogliano VJ, Schmitz R, Sun M. Application of the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens to Bisphenol A. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:253-290. [PMID: 38204208 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231225161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The ten key characteristics (KCs) of carcinogens are based on characteristics of known human carcinogens and encompass many types of endpoints. We propose that an objective review of the large amount of cancer mechanistic evidence for the chemical bisphenol A (BPA) can be achieved through use of these KCs. A search on metabolic and mechanistic data relevant to the carcinogenicity of BPA was conducted and web-based software tools were used to screen and organize the results. We applied the KCs to systematically identify, organize, and summarize mechanistic information for BPA, and to bring relevant carcinogenic mechanisms into focus. For some KCs with very large data sets, we utilized reviews focused on specific endpoints. Over 3000 studies for BPA from various data streams (exposed humans, animals, in vitro and cell-free systems) were identified. Mechanistic data relevant to each of the ten KCs were identified, with receptor-mediated effects, epigenetic alterations, oxidative stress, and cell proliferation being especially data rich. Reactive and bioactive metabolites are also associated with a number of KCs. This review demonstrates how the KCs can be applied to evaluate mechanistic data, especially for data-rich chemicals. While individual entities may have different approaches for the incorporation of mechanistic data in cancer hazard identification, the KCs provide a practical framework for conducting an objective examination of the available mechanistic data without a priori assumptions on mode of action. This analysis of the mechanistic data available for BPA suggests multiple and inter-connected mechanisms through which this chemical can act.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Ricker
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa Cheng
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Chingyi Jennifer Hsieh
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Feng C Tsai
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Osborne
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Kate Li
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Meltem Yilmazer-Musa
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Martha S Sandy
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Vincent J Cogliano
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Rose Schmitz
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Meng Sun
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Zhao Y, Ji J, Wu Y, Chen S, Xu M, Cao X, Liu H, Wang Z, Bi H, Guan G, Tang R, Tao H, Zhang H. Nonylphenol and its derivatives: Environmental distribution, treatment strategy, management and future perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141377. [PMID: 38346514 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, emerging pollutants, including nonylphenol (NP) and nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE), have become a prominent topic. These substances are also classified as persistent organic pollutants. NP significantly affects the hormone secretion of organisms and exhibits neurotoxicity, which can affect the human hippocampus. Therefore, various countries are paying increased attention to NP regulation. NPEs are precursors of NPs and are widely used in the manufacture of various detergents and lubricants. NPEs can easily decompose into NPs, which possess strong biological and environmental toxicity. This review primarily addresses the distribution, toxicity mechanisms and performance, degradation technologies, management policies, and green alternative reagents of NPs and NPEs. Traditional treatment measures have been unable to completely remove NP from wastewater. With the progressively tightening management and regulatory policies, identifying proficient and convenient treatment methods and a sustainable substitute reagent with comparable product effectiveness is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhao
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Jie Ji
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yao Wu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Mengyao Xu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Hanlin Liu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Hengyao Bi
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Guian Guan
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Ruixi Tang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Hong Tao
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - He Zhang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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Cathey AL, Nguyen VK, Colacino JA, Woodruff TJ, Reynolds P, Aung MT. Exploratory profiles of phenols, parabens, and per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances among NHANES study participants in association with previous cancer diagnoses. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 33:687-698. [PMID: 37718377 PMCID: PMC10541322 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00601-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some hormonally active cancers have low survival rates, but a large proportion of their incidence remains unexplained. Endocrine disrupting chemicals may affect hormone pathways in the pathology of these cancers. OBJECTIVE To evaluate cross-sectional associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), phenols, and parabens and self-reported previous cancer diagnoses in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS We extracted concentrations of 7 PFAS and 12 phenols/parabens and self-reported diagnoses of melanoma and cancers of the thyroid, breast, ovary, uterus, and prostate in men and women (≥20 years). Associations between previous cancer diagnoses and an interquartile range increase in exposure biomarkers were evaluated using logistic regression models adjusted for key covariates. We conceptualized race as social construct proxy of structural social factors and examined associations in non-Hispanic Black, Mexican American, and other Hispanic participants separately compared to White participants. RESULTS Previous melanoma in women was associated with higher PFDE (OR:2.07, 95% CI: 1.25, 3.43), PFNA (OR:1.72, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.73), PFUA (OR:1.76, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.89), BP3 (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.96), DCP25 (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.22, 4.76), and DCP24 (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.26). Previous ovarian cancer was associated with higher DCP25 (OR: 2.80, 95% CI: 1.08, 7.27), BPA (OR: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.11, 3.35) and BP3 (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.00, 3.09). Previous uterine cancer was associated with increased PFNA (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.34), while higher ethyl paraben was inversely associated (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.85). Various PFAS were associated with previous ovarian and uterine cancers in White women, while MPAH or BPF was associated with previous breast cancer among non-White women. IMPACT STATEMENT Biomarkers across all exposure categories (phenols, parabens, and per- and poly- fluoroalkyl substances) were cross-sectionally associated with increased odds of previous melanoma diagnoses in women, and increased odds of previous ovarian cancer was associated with several phenols and parabens. Some associations differed by racial group, which is particularly impactful given the established racial disparities in distributions of exposure to these chemicals. This is the first epidemiological study to investigate exposure to phenols in relation to previous cancer diagnoses, and the first NHANES study to explore racial/ethnic disparities in associations between environmental phenol, paraben, and PFAS exposures and historical cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Cathey
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vy K Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin A Colacino
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peggy Reynolds
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Max T Aung
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Kozieł MJ, Habrowska-Górczyńska DE, Urbanek KA, Domińska K, Piastowska-Ciesielska AW, Kowalska K. Estrogen receptor α mediates alternariol-induced apoptosis and modulation of the invasiveness of ovarian cancer cells. Toxicol Lett 2023; 386:9-19. [PMID: 37683805 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi that may affect both human and animal health. Some of them possess estrogenic activity, due to direct binding to estrogen receptors (ERs) and hence disturb the hormonal balance of the organism. Alternariol (AOH) was previously reported as genotoxic, estrogenic and immunomodulatory agent. However, detailed mechanism of its action has not been fully elucidated. Estrogen receptor α (ERα) was previously reported to modulate the proliferation and invasiveness of ovarian cancer cells. Thus, we decided to verify whether estrogenic-like mycotoxin may affect ovarian cancer cells via ERα. The results showed that AOH induces apoptosis and oxidative stress and that these effects are partially modulated by ERα. Moreover, AOH decreases the invasion and migration of ovarian cancer cells and promotes changes in the expression of genes and proteins that are associated with the invasiveness of cancer i.e. MMP9, SNAIL1/2, ZEB1/2, VIM, CDH1 and CDH2. In conclusion, we postulate that AOH might significantly affect the viability and invasiveness of ovarian cancer cells via modulation of ERα and therefore possibly act as an endocrine disruptive agent in ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Justyna Kozieł
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Lodz, Poland; Medical University of Lodz, BRaIn Laboratories, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Kinga Anna Urbanek
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kamila Domińska
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Lodz, Poland; Medical University of Lodz, BRaIn Laboratories, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Kowalska
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Cell Cultures and Genomic Analysis, Lodz, Poland.
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Quercetin and Its Fermented Extract as a Potential Inhibitor of Bisphenol A-Exposed HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells’ Viability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065604. [PMID: 36982678 PMCID: PMC10052295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) promotes colon cancer by altering the physiological functions of hormones. Quercetin (Q) can regulate signaling pathways through hormone receptors, inhibiting cancer cells. The antiproliferative effects of Q and its fermented extract (FEQ, obtained by Q gastrointestinal digestion and in vitro colonic fermentation) were analyzed in HT-29 cells exposed to BPA. Polyphenols were quantified in FEQ by HPLC and their antioxidant capacity by DPPH and ORAC. Q and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were quantified in FEQ. Q and FEQ exhibited antioxidant capacity. Cell viability with Q+BPA and FEQ+BPA was 60% and 50%, respectively; less than 20% of dead cells were associated with the necrosis process (LDH). Treatments with Q and Q+BPA induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and FEQ and FEQ+BPA in the S phase. Compared with other treatments, Q positively modulated ESR2 and GPR30 genes. Using a gene microarray of the p53 pathway, Q, Q+BPA, FEQ and FEQ+BPA positively modulated genes involved in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest; bisphenol inhibited the expression of pro-apoptotic and cell cycle repressor genes. In silico analyses demonstrated the binding affinity of Q > BPA > DOPAC molecules for ERα and ERβ. Further studies are needed to understand the role of disruptors in colon cancer.
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Pesonen M, Vähäkangas K. Contribution of common plastic-related endocrine disruptors to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor progression. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136560. [PMID: 36152835 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many chemicals, including many endocrine disruptors (EDCs) are known to leach out from various plastic consumer products and waste, and are widespread in the environment. EDCs are a large group of contaminants that can interfere with hormonal metabolism or function. In addition, there are in the literature implications of contribution by EDCs in tumor progression, the last stage of carcinogenesis driven by cells with a metastatic phenotype. The process of epithelial cells losing their apical-basal polarity and cell-to-cell contacts, and acquiring migration and invasive properties typical of mesenchymal cells is called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It is essential for tumor progression. In human cells, plastic-related EDCs, (phthalates, bisphenol A, and the alkylphenols: nonylphenol and octylphenol) reduce epithelial E-cadherin, and increase mesenchymal N-cadherin and extracellular matrix metalloproteinases. These changes are hallmarks of EMT. In xenograft mouse studies, EDCs increase migration of cells and metastatic growth in distant tissues. Their contribution to EMT and tumor progression, the topic of this review, is important from public health perspective, because of the ubiquitous exposure to these EDCs. In this mini-review we also discuss molecular mechanisms associated with EDC-induced EMT and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Pesonen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Kirsi Vähäkangas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Zhang NJ, Zhang Y, Yin S, Ruan DJ, He N, Chen X, Yang XF. Nonylphenol Promoted Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Upregulating the Expression of Regulator of Cell Cycle. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1533-1540. [PMID: 36074022 PMCID: PMC9491325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is a widely used chemical, which has been considered a kind of endocrine-disrupting chemical and is involved in the occurrence and development of many types of cancers. Our recent studies demonstrated that NP exposure is related to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. In this study, we also found epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promoted by NP treatment in CRC cells. However, the mechanism of NP on tumor metastasis is still unclear. In this study, we focused on the effect of the regulator of cell cycle (RGCC) induced by NP treatment. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) analysis suggested that the expression of RGCC increased in CRC tissues, and our clinical samples showed that the expression of RGCC in tumor tissues is positively correlated with the serum level of NP in CRC patients. Further studies revealed that overexpression of RGCC could enhance the NP-induced EMT process in CRC cells and activate ERK signaling pathways. Inhibiting ERK signaling by ERK inhibitors or the knockdown of RGCC could attenuate the NP-induced EMT process. In addition, both RGCC overexpression and NP treatment could activate ERK pathways and attenuate the effect of ERK inhibitors on the EMT process in CRC cells. Altogether, this study demonstrated that NP could induce cell invasion and migration by increasing the expression of RGCC to enhance the EMT process, which might be through the activation of ERK signaling pathways. This finding supported a potential target for studying NP exposure-related colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-jie Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal
Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal
Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Shuo Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal
Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Du-ji Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal
Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Nian He
- Department of Gastrointestinal
Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal
Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Xue-feng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal
Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
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Benjamin K, Marquez CM, Morta M, Reyes EM, Aragones L, Velarde M. Bisphenol S Increases Cell Number and Stimulates Migration of Endometrial Epithelial Cells. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc 2022; 38:13-22. [PMID: 37234927 PMCID: PMC10207871 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.037.s7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether bisphenol S (BPS), a common substitute for bisphenol A (BPA), induces cell proliferation and migration in human endometrial epithelial cells (Ishikawa) and adult mouse uterine tissues. METHODOLOGY Human endometrial Ishikawa cells were exposed to low doses of BPS (1 nM and 100 nM) for 72 hours. Cell proliferation was assessed through the viability assays MTT and CellTiter-Glo®. Wound healing assays were also used to evaluate the migration potential of the cell line. The expression of genes related to proliferation and migration was also determined. Similarly, adult mice were exposed to BPS at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight/day for 21 days, after which, the uterus was sent for histopathologic assessment. RESULTS BPS increased cell number and stimulated migration in Ishikawa cells, in association with the upregulation of estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) and vimentin (VIM). In addition, mice exposed to BPS showed a significantly higher mean number of endometrial glands within the endometrium. CONCLUSION Overall, in vitro and in vivo results obtained in this study showed that BPS could significantly promote endometrial epithelial cell proliferation and migration, a phenotype also observed with BPA exposure. Hence, the use of BPS in BPA-free products must be reassessed, as it may pose adverse reproductive health effects to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Benjamin
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila
- Institute of Environmental Science and Meteorology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Cielo Mae Marquez
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Madeleine Morta
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Emmanuel Marc Reyes
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Lemnuel Aragones
- Institute of Environmental Science and Meteorology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Michael Velarde
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
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Dong P, Ye G, Tu X, Luo Y, Cui W, Ma Y, Wei L, Tian X, Wang Q. Roles of ERRα and TGF-β signaling in stemness enhancement induced by 1 µM bisphenol A exposure via human neural stem cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:164. [PMID: 35069845 PMCID: PMC8753968 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common industrial chemical widely used to produce various plastics and is known to impair neural stem cells (NSCs). However, the effects of low-dose BPA exposure on the stemness maintenance and differentiation fate of NSCs remain unclear in the infant brain. The present study demonstrated that 1 µM BPA promoted human NSC proliferation and stemness, without significantly increasing apoptosis. The Chip-seq experiments demonstrated that both the cell cycle and the TGF-β signaling pathway were accelerated after treatment with 1 µM BPA. Subsequently, estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) gene knockout cell lines were constructed using CRISPR/Cas9. Further western blotting and chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR experiments demonstrated that BPA maintained cell stemness by binding to an EERα receptor and activating the TGF-β1 signaling pathway, including the downstream factors Aurora kinases B and Id2. In conclusion, the stemness of NSCs could be maintained by BPA at 1 µM through the activation of the ERRα and TGF-β1 signaling pathways and could restrain the differentiation of NSCs into neurons. The present research further clarified the mechanism of BPA toxicity on NSCs from the novel perspective of ERRα and TGF-β1 signaling pathways regulated by BPA and provided insights into potential novel methods of prevention and therapy for neurogenic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Technology of Shandong High School, Qilu Medical University, Zibo, Shandong 255213, P.R. China
| | - Ganghui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Technology of Shandong High School, Qilu Medical University, Zibo, Shandong 255213, P.R. China
| | - Xinzhuo Tu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Technology of Shandong High School, Qilu Medical University, Zibo, Shandong 255213, P.R. China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
| | - Weitong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Technology of Shandong High School, Qilu Medical University, Zibo, Shandong 255213, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Ma
- College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong 330013, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Technology of Shandong High School, Qilu Medical University, Zibo, Shandong 255213, P.R. China
| | - Xuewen Tian
- College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong 330013, P.R. China
| | - Qinglu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Technology of Shandong High School, Qilu Medical University, Zibo, Shandong 255213, P.R. China
- College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong 330013, P.R. China
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Integrated Genomic and Bioinformatics Approaches to Identify Molecular Links between Endocrine Disruptors and Adverse Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010574. [PMID: 35010832 PMCID: PMC8744944 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) has been linked with several adverse outcomes. In this review, we examine EDCs that are pervasive in the environment and are of concern in the context of human, animal, and environmental health. We explore the consequences of EDC exposure on aquatic life, terrestrial animals, and humans. We focus on the exploitation of genomics technologies and in particular whole transcriptome sequencing. Genome-wide analyses using RNAseq provides snap shots of cellular, tissue and whole organism transcriptomes under normal physiological and EDC perturbed conditions. A global view of gene expression provides highly valuable information as it uncovers gene families or more specifically, pathways that are affected by EDC exposures, but also reveals those that are unaffected. Hypotheses about genes with unknown functions can also be formed by comparison of their expression levels with genes of known function. Risk assessment strategies leveraging genomic technologies and the development of toxicology databases are explored. Finally, we review how the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) has exploited this high throughput data to provide a framework for toxicology studies.
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Nonylphenol regulates TL1A through the AhR/HDAC2/HNF4α pathway in endothelial cells to promote the angiogenesis of colorectal cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 436:115854. [PMID: 34974051 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant cancers worldwide. Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine-disruptor chemical and plays an important role in the development of cancers. However, the effects of NP on CRC remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of NP in the pathogenesis of CRC. METHODS The levels of AhR, TL1A and HDAC2 in CRC tissues and endothelial cells were assessed by RT-qPCR or western blot. CHIP and dual luciferase reporter assays were used to confirm the interaction between AhR and HDAC2, or HNF4α and TL1A. The CCK8, would healing and tube formation assays were conducted to evaluate the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs. Western blot determined HNF4α protein and HNF4α acetylation levels. The secreted TL1A protein was detected by ELISA. The angiogenesis-related factor CD31 was tested by IHC. RESULTS The expression level of AhR was significantly up-regulated in CRC tissues and endothelial cells. Moreover, NP activated the AhR pathway mediated colorectal endothelial cell angiogenesis and proliferation, while TL1A overexpression resisted these effects caused by NP. Besides, NP was found to modulate HNF4α deacetylation through AhR/HDAC2 to inhibit TL1A. Furthermore, in vivo experiments proved that NP regulated CRC growth and angiogenesis via AhR/HDAC2/HNF4α/TL1A axis. CONCLUSION This study revealed that NP promoted CRC growth and angiogenesis through AhR/HDAC2/HNF4α/TL1A pathway and could be a new therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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Wang J, Zhang YW, Zhang NJ, Yin S, Ruan DJ, He N, Chen X, Yang XF. Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 80 Suppresses Nonylphenol-Induced Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation by Inhibiting the Activation of ERK1/2. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:759820. [PMID: 34746152 PMCID: PMC8570822 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.759820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the effect of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the cancer procession has been a concern. Nonylphenol (NP) is a common environmental estrogen that has been shown to enhance the proliferation of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in our previous studies; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we confirmed the increased concentration of NP in the serum of patients with CRC. RNA sequencing was used to explore the differentially expressed genes after NP exposure. We found 16 upregulated genes and 12 downregulated genes in COLO205 cells after NP treatment. Among these differentially expressed genes, we found that coiled-coil domain containing 80 (CCDC80) was downregulated by NP treatment and was associated with CRC progression. Further experiments revealed that the overexpression of CCDC80 significantly suppressed NP-induced cell proliferation and recovered the reduced cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, the overexpression of CCDC80 significantly inhibited the activation of ERK1/2 induced by NP treatment. ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98059) treatment also suppressed NP-induced CRC cell growth, but the overexpression of CCDC80 did not enhance the effect of ERK1/2 inhibitor. Taken together, NP treatment significantly inhibited the expression of CCDC80, and the overexpression of CCDC80 suppressed NP-induced CRC cell growth by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2. These results suggest that NP could induce CRC cell growth by influencing the expression of multiple genes. CCDC80 and ERK1/2 inhibitors may be suitable therapeutic targets in NP-related CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Nian-Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Shuo Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Du-Ji Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Nian He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Xue-Feng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
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13
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Improving Recycled Poly(lactic Acid) Biopolymer Properties by Chain Extension Using Block Copolymers Synthesized by Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization (NMP). Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162791. [PMID: 34451329 PMCID: PMC8398105 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this contribution is to assess the use poly(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate-b-styrene) copolymers synthesized by nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP) as chain extenders in the recycling of poly(lactic acid) biopolyester. Concisely, the addition of such block copolymers during the melt processing of recycled poly(lactic acid) (rPLA) leads to important increases in the viscosity average molecular weight of modified polymeric materials. Molar masses increase from 31,000 g/mol for rPLA to 48,000 g mol-1 for the resulting rPLA/copolymer blends (bPLA). Fortuitously, this last value is nearly the same as the one for pristine PLA, which constitutes a first piece of evidence of the molar mass increase of the recycled biopolymer. Thermograms of chain extended rPLA show significant decreases in cold crystallization temperature and higher crystallinity degrees due to the chain extension process using NMP-synthesized copolymers. It was found that increasing epoxide content in the NMP-synthesized copolymers leads to increased degrees of crystallinity and lower cold crystallization temperatures. The rheological appraisal has shown that the addition of NMP synthesized copolymers markedly increases complex viscosity and elastic modulus of rPLA. Our results indicate that P(S-co-GMA)-b-S) copolymers act as efficient chain extenders of rPLA, likely due to the reaction between the epoxy groups present in P(S-co-GMA)-b-PS and the carboxyl acid groups present in rPLA. This reaction positively affects viscometric molar mass of PLA and its performance.
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14
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Su KM, Gao HW, Chang CM, Lu KH, Yu MH, Lin YH, Liu LC, Chang CC, Li YF, Chang CC. Synergistic AHR Binding Pathway with EMT Effects on Serous Ovarian Tumors Recognized by Multidisciplinary Integrated Analysis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:866. [PMID: 34440070 PMCID: PMC8389648 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are fatal and obstinate among gynecological malignancies in advanced stage or relapsed status, with serous carcinomas accounting for the vast majority. Unlike EOCs, borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs), including serous BOTs, maintain a semimalignant appearance. Using gene ontology (GO)-based integrative analysis, we analyzed gene set databases of serous BOTs and serous ovarian carcinomas for dysregulated GO terms and pathways and identified multiple differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in various aspects. The SRC (SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase) gene and dysfunctional aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) binding pathway consistently influenced progression-free survival and overall survival, and immunohistochemical staining revealed elevated expression of related biomarkers (SRC, ARNT, and TBP) in serous BOT and ovarian carcinoma samples. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important during tumorigenesis, and we confirmed the SNAI2 (Snail family transcriptional repressor 2, SLUG) gene showing significantly high performance by immunohistochemistry. During serous ovarian tumor formation, activated AHR in the cytoplasm could cooperate with SRC, enter cell nuclei, bind to AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) together with TATA-Box Binding Protein (TBP), and act on DNA to initiate AHR-responsive genes to cause tumor or cancer initiation. Additionally, SNAI2 in the tumor microenvironment can facilitate EMT accompanied by tumorigenesis. Although it has not been possible to classify serous BOTs and serous ovarian carcinomas as the same EOC subtype, the key determinants of relevant DEGs (SRC, ARNT, TBP, and SNAI2) found here had a crucial role in the pathogenetic mechanism of both tumor types, implying gradual evolutionary tendencies from serous BOTs to ovarian carcinomas. In the future, targeted therapy could focus on these revealed targets together with precise detection to improve therapeutic effects and patient survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Min Su
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (K.-M.S.); (M.-H.Y.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Hong-Wei Gao
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Ming Chang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hsi Lu
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Mu-Hsien Yu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (K.-M.S.); (M.-H.Y.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Yi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Li-Chun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Yao-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (K.-M.S.); (M.-H.Y.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
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15
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Sang C, Song Y, Jin TW, Zhang S, Fu L, Zhao Y, Zou X, Wang Z, Gao H, Liu S. Bisphenol A induces ovarian cancer cell proliferation and metastasis through estrogen receptor-α pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:36060-36068. [PMID: 33683587 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13267-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used raw material that can be detected both in the environment and in the human body. Due to its estrogen-like effects, wide concerns have been raised about the potential role of BPA in the initiation and development of hormone-dependent cancers. Ovarian cancer is the most common reproductive system cancer and has a high mortality rate in women. Despite recent investigations into BPA's carcinogenic effects, studies on its role in ovarian cancer development remain limited. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of BPA at various environmentally relevant concentrations on proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells. We discovered that BPA can stimulate proliferation of OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells after exposure for up to 5 days. Strikingly, BPA enhanced ovarian cancer cell migration, invasion, and adhesion (to vascular endothelial cells) through upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (IMAC-1). The stimulatory effects of BPA on cancer cell proliferation and metastasis were reversed by treatment with an ERα inhibitor, but not by treatment with an ERβ inhibitor. Together, these results suggest that BPA induces proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells through ERα signaling pathways. This study provides new insights into the carcinogenic effects of BPA with regard to ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Sang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tong-Wang Jin
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Linyan Fu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xinxin Zou
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China.
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environment Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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16
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Eldefrawy F, Xu HS, Pusch E, Karkoura A, Alsafy M, Elgendy S, Williams SM, Navara K, Guo TL. Modulation of folliculogenesis in adult laying chickens by bisphenol A and bisphenol S: Perspectives on ovarian morphology and gene expression. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 103:181-190. [PMID: 34147626 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Both bisphenol A (BPA) and its analog bisphenol S (BPS) are industrial chemicals that have been used to make certain plastic products applied in chicken farms, including food and water containers. They are endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with xenoestrogenic activities and affect reproductive success in many ways. It was hypothesized that BPA and BPS could adversely affect the folliculogenesis in chickens due to their disruption of the estrogen responses, using either genomic or non-genomic mechanisms. This study investigated the deleterious effects of BPA and BPS on the ovaries when adult layer chickens were orally treated with these EDCs at 50 μg/kg body weight, the reference dose for chronic oral exposure of BPA established by the U.S. EPA. The chickens in both BPA and BPS-treated groups showed a decreased number of the preovulatory follicles. BPA-treated chickens showed a significant decrease in the diameter of F1. Additionally, both BPA and BPS treatments increased the infiltrations of lymphocytes and plasma cells in ovaries. Moreover, it was found that the ovaries of BPS-treated chickens weighed the most among the groups. RNA sequencing and subsequent pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that both BPA- and BPS-treatment groups showed significant changes in gene expression and pathways related to reproduction, immune function and carcinogenesis. Taken together, both BPA and BPS are potentially carcinogenic and have deleterious effects on the fertility of laying chickens by inducing inflammation, suggesting that BPS may not be a safe replacement for BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Eldefrawy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Hannah Shibo Xu
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Pusch
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ashraf Karkoura
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alsafy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Samir Elgendy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Susan M Williams
- Department of Population Health, Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Kristen Navara
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Tai L Guo
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
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17
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Khan NG, Correia J, Adiga D, Rai PS, Dsouza HS, Chakrabarty S, Kabekkodu SP. A comprehensive review on the carcinogenic potential of bisphenol A: clues and evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:19643-19663. [PMID: 33666848 PMCID: PMC8099816 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A [BPA; (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2] is a synthetic chemical used as a precursor material for the manufacturing of plastics and resins. It gained attention due to its high chances of human exposure and predisposing individuals at extremely low doses to diseases, including cancer. It enters the human body via oral, inhaled, and dermal routes as leach-out products. BPA may be anticipated as a probable human carcinogen. Studies using in vitro cell lines, rodent models, and epidemiological analysis have convincingly shown the increasing susceptibility to cancer at doses below the oral reference dose set by the Environmental Protection Agency for BPA. Furthermore, BPA exerts its toxicological effects at the genetic and epigenetic levels, influencing various cell signaling pathways. The present review summarizes the available data on BPA and its potential impact on cancer and its clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Ghani Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Jacinta Correia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Padmalatha Satwadi Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Herman Sunil Dsouza
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Center for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Center for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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18
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Qin Q, Yang B, Liu Z, Xu L, Song E, Song Y. Polychlorinated biphenyl quinone induced the acquisition of cancer stem cells properties and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through Wnt/β-catenin. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128125. [PMID: 33297114 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent industrial pollutants that have been linked to breast cancer progression. However, their molecular mechanism(s) are currently unclear. Our previous assessment suggested that the highly reactive PCB metabolite 2,3,5-trichloro-6-phenyl-[1,4]-benzoquinone (PCB29-pQ) induces the metastasis of breast cancer. Here, our data illustrate that PCB29-pQ increases cancer stem cell (CSC) marker expression, resulting in an increase in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells; further, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway also becomes activated by PCB29-pQ. When the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is inhibited, the promotion of CSC properties and EMT by PCB29-pQ were accordingly reversed. In addition, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by PCB29-pQ plays a key role in Wnt/β-catenin activation. Collectively, our current data designated the regulatory role of Wnt/β-catenin in PCB29-pQ-triggered acquisition of CSC properties and EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Gastiazoro MP, Durando M, Milesi MM, Lorenz V, Vollmer G, Varayoud J, Zierau O. Glyphosate induces epithelial mesenchymal transition-related changes in human endometrial Ishikawa cells via estrogen receptor pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 510:110841. [PMID: 32360565 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glyphosate based herbicides are the most commonly used herbicide in the world. We aimed to determine whether glyphosate (Gly) induces epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) - related changes in a human endometrial carcinoma cell line (Ishikawa cells), and whether the estrogen receptor (ER) pathway is involved in these changes. Ishikawa cells were exposed to Gly (0.2 μM and 2 μM) or 17β-estradiol (E2: 10-9 M). We detected that Gly increased cell migration and invasion ability compared to vehicle, as did E2. Moreover, a down regulation of E-cadherin mRNA expression was determined in response to Gly, similar to E2-effects. These results show that Gly promotes EMT-related changes in Ishikawa cells. When an ER antagonist (Fulvestrant: 10-7 M) was co-administrated with Gly, all changes were reversed, suggesting that Gly might promote EMT-related changes via ER-dependent pathway. Our results are interesting evidences of Gly effects on endometrial cancer progression via the ER-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Gastiazoro
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina; Institute for Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - M Durando
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M M Milesi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - V Lorenz
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - G Vollmer
- Institute for Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Varayoud
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - O Zierau
- Institute for Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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20
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Noorimotlagh Z, Mirzaee SA, Martinez SS, Rachoń D, Hoseinzadeh M, Jaafarzadeh N. Environmental exposure to nonylphenol and cancer progression Risk-A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109263. [PMID: 32113025 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to nonylphenol (NP) can adversely affect human and wildlife health. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the relationship between environmental NP exposure and cancer progression risk. Literature surveys were conducted within several international databases using appropriate keywords. A comprehensive search yielded 58 eligible studies involving a wide range of adverse effects, exposure assessment methods, study designs, and experimental models. Most studies reported that NP strongly induced breast cancer progression in intended experiments. Positive associations between NP exposure and ovarian, uterine, pituitary, and testicular cancers were also reported. Although some studies reported no relation between environmental NP exposure and tumour and/or cancer progression, NP (a known endocrine disrupting chemical) induced action mechanisms in multiple experimental models and may interfere with/hyper-activate oestrogen signalling. Secretion of oestrogen and development of reproductive tissues like breasts, uteruses, and ovaries showed strong associations with possible neoplasia (i.e., uncontrolled development of tumours and/or malignant cancers). Findings of this study are important for informing policymakers to pass legislation limiting the use of environmental contaminants such as NP before all adverse effects of exposure have been determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Noorimotlagh
- Biotechnology and Medical Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Abbas Mirzaee
- Biotechnology and Medical Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Susana Silva Martinez
- Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico.
| | - Dominik Rachoń
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Mehran Hoseinzadeh
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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21
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Bisphenols as Environmental Triggers of Thyroid Dysfunction: Clues and Evidence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082654. [PMID: 32294918 PMCID: PMC7216215 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenols (BPs), and especially bisphenol A (BPA), are known endocrine disruptors (EDCs), capable of interfering with estrogen and androgen activities, as well as being suspected of other health outcomes. Given the crucial role of thyroid hormones and the increasing incidence of thyroid carcinoma in the last few decades, this review analyzes the effects of BPS on the thyroid, considering original research in vitro, in vivo, and in humans published from January 2000 to October 2019. Both in vitro and in vivo studies reported the ability of BPs to disrupt thyroid function through multiple mechanisms. The antagonism with thyroid receptors (TRs), which affects TR-mediated transcriptional activity, the direct action of BPs on gene expression at the thyroid and the pituitary level, the competitive binding with thyroid transport proteins, and the induction of toxicity in several cell lines are likely the main mechanisms leading to thyroid dysfunction. In humans, results are more contradictory, though some evidence suggests the potential of BPs in increasing the risk of thyroid nodules. A standardized methodology in toxicological studies and prospective epidemiological studies with individual exposure assessments are warranted to evaluate the pathophysiology resulting in the damage and to establish the temporal relationship between markers of exposure and long-term effects.
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Hafezi SA, Abdel-Rahman WM. The Endocrine Disruptor Bisphenol A (BPA) Exerts a Wide Range of Effects in Carcinogenesis and Response to Therapy. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2020; 12:230-238. [PMID: 30848227 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666190306164507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic plasticizer that is commonly used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Human exposure occurs when BPA migrates from food and beverage containers into the contents when heated or even under normal conditions of use. BPA exerts endocrine disruptor action due to its weak binding affinity for the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ. BPA exerts other effects by activating the membrane receptor GPER (GPR30) and/or other receptors such as the estrogen-related receptors (ERRs). OBJECTIVE This review summarizes emerging data on BPA and cancer. These include data linking exposure to BPA with an increased risk of hormone-related cancers such as those of the ovary, breast, prostate, and even colon cancer. BPA can also induce resistance to various chemotherapeutics such as doxorubicin, cisplatin, and vinblastine in vitro. The development of chemoresistance to available therapeutics is an emerging significant aspect of BPA toxicity because it worsens the prognosis of many tumors. CONCLUSION Recent findings support a causal role of BPA at low levels in the development of cancers and in dictating their response to cytotoxic therapy. Accurate knowledge and consideration of these issues would be highly beneficial to cancer prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin A Hafezi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael M Abdel-Rahman
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Cui L, Gu Y, Liu S, Li M, Ye J, Zhang F, Luo X, Chang WL, Gui Y. TBC1D20 Is Essential for Mouse Blood-Testis Barrier Integrity Through Maintaining the Epithelial Phenotype and Modulating the Maturation of Sertoli Cells. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1443-1454. [PMID: 31994000 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00156-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sertoli cells are important for spermatogenesis not only by directly interacting with germ line cells in the seminiferous epithelium but also by constituting the blood-testis barrier (BTB) structure to create a favorable environment for spermatogenesis. Blind sterile (bs) male mice are infertile, with excessive germ cell apoptosis and spermatogenesis arrest. TBC1D20 (TBC1 domain family member 20) deficiency has been identified as the causative mutation in bs mice. However, whether TBC1D20 loss of function also impairs BTB integrity, which further contributes to the failed spermatogenesis of bs male mice, remains unclear. In the present study, biotin tracer assay and transmission electron microscopy showed severely disrupted BTB integrity in bs testes. Compared to the wild-type Sertoli cells, BTB components of cultured bs Sertoli cells in vitro was perturbed with downregulation of E-cadherin, ZO-1, β-catenin, and Claudin 11. The obvious rearrangement of F-actin indicated disrupted epithelial-mesenchymal balance in TBC1D20-deficient Sertoli cells. The ability of bs Sertoli cells to maintain the clone formation of spermatogonia stem cells was also obviously limited. Furthermore, the decreasing of SOX9 (sex-determining region Y box 9) and WT1 (Wilms' tumor 1) and increasing of vimentin in bs Sertoli cells indicated that TBC1D20 loss of function attenuated the differentiation progression of bs Sertoli cells. In summary, TBC1D20 loss of function impedes the maturation of adult Sertoli cells and resulted in impaired BTB integrity, which is further implicated in the infertile phenotype of bs male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Cui
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Yanli Gu
- Department of Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, 518109, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
| | - Minghua Li
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Fanting Zhang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Wen-Lin Chang
- Department of Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, 518109, China.
| | - Yaoting Gui
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
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Preparation and application of a novel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for simultaneous and rapid determination of three trace endocrine disrupting chemicals in lake water and milk samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:1835-1846. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02431-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Forte M, Di Lorenzo M, Iachetta G, Mita DG, Laforgia V, De Falco M. Nonylphenol acts on prostate adenocarcinoma cells via estrogen molecular pathways. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 180:412-419. [PMID: 31108418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens play a role in the patho-physiology of the prostate. In the present work we studied the effects of nonylphenol (NP), a xenoestrogen, on human adenocarcinoma prostate cells (LNCaP). In order to understand molecular and cellular involvement, we observed the effects on cell cycle and we investigated the expression and the cellular localization of estrogen receptors and gene expression of cyclin D1, ki-67, c-myc, IL-8, IL-1β. We performed the same experiments with 17β-estradiol (E2), the most abundant estrogen circulating in nonpregnant humans in order to compare these two different substances. We demonstrated the ability of 1 × 10-10 M NP to induce proliferation of LNCaP, S-phase progression, increase of ERα expression and its translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Moreover, we observed an up-regulation of key target genes involved in cell cycle and inflammation process. Particularly, after NP treatment, IL-8 and IL-1β mRNA levels are increased more than 50% indicating a major NP involvement in inflammation processes than E2. These data suggest the proliferative effects of NP on prostate adenocarcinoma cells and highlight some aspects of molecular pathways involved in prostate responses to NP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vincenza Laforgia
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), INBB, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), INBB, Rome, Italy.
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Hui L, Li H, Lu G, Chen Z, Sun W, Shi Y, Fu Z, Huang B, Zhu X, Lu W, Xia D, Wu Y. Low Dose of Bisphenol A Modulates Ovarian Cancer Gene Expression Profile and Promotes Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Via Canonical Wnt Pathway. Toxicol Sci 2019; 164:527-538. [PMID: 29718440 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The xenoestrogen bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic endocrine disrupting chemical, having the potential to increase the risk of hormone-dependent ovarian cancer. Thus, a deeper understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms is urgently required in the novel cell models of ovarian cancer which express estrogen receptors. To understand the possible mechanisms underlying the effects of BPA, human ovarian adenocarcinoma SKOV3 cells were exposed to BPA (10 or 100 nM) or 0.1% DMSO for 24 h, and then global gene expression profile was determined by high-throughput RNA sequencing. Also, enrichment analysis was carried out to find out relevant functions and pathways within which differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 94 differential expression genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses indicated that these genes related to tumorigenesis and metastasis. Further studies were carried out to validate the results of functional annotation, which indicated that BPA (10 and 100 nM) increased migration and invasion as well as induced epithelial to mesenchymal transitions in SKOV3 and A2780 cells. Accordingly, environmentally relevant-dose BPA activated the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Our study first comprehensively analyzed the possible mechanisms underlying the effects of BPA on ovarian cancer. Environmentally relevant doses of BPA modulated the gene expression profile, promoted epithelial to mesenchymal transition progress via canonical Wnt signaling pathway of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Guang Lu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Zhiqin Fu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xinqiang Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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Mahamuni D, Shrinithivihahshini N. Inferring Bisphenol-A influences on estrogen-mediated signalling in estrogen and androgen receptors: an in silico approach. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Nomiri S, Hoshyar R, Ambrosino C, Tyler CR, Mansouri B. A mini review of bisphenol A (BPA) effects on cancer-related cellular signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:8459-8467. [PMID: 30712204 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer used widely in many industrial products and is now well established as an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). BPA readily leaches out from these products into the environment and into foodstuffs (from packaging materials) and human exposure can be considerable. Many studies have shown that BPA exposure is associated with a range of chronic human health conditions, including diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, polycystic ovarian disease, hepatotoxicity, and various types of cancer. BPA exerts its effects through deregulating cell signaling pathways associated with cell growth, proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Previous studies on the molecular mechanisms of BPA have illustrated a variety of pathways impaired at very low exposure concentrations and that stimulate cellular responses relating to tumorigenesis both in cancer onset and progression. In this mini review, the recent advancements made through in vitro analyses are reported on for the effect of BPA on various cellular signaling pathways focusing on the signaling pathways that play a major role in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Nomiri
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reyhane Hoshyar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, 82100, Benevento, Italy
- IRGS, Biogem, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Avellino, Italy
- IEOS-CNR, Via Pansini 6, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Borhan Mansouri
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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29
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Yang X, Huang H, Wang M, Zheng X, Xie M, Xu J. Nonylphenol promotes the proliferation of colorectal cancer COLO205 cells by upregulating the expression of protein kinase C ζ. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:2498-2506. [PMID: 30675313 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated the potential role of estrogen in the development and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Nonylpheno (NP) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical, which may influence the development of estrogen-dependent types of cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of NP in the development of CRCs remains unclear. In the present study, various concentrations of NP were used to treat COLO205 CRC cells, and the expression of protein kinase C ζ (PKCζ) was knocked down using PKCζ small interfering RNA. The effects of NP in various concentrations on the cell cycle and apoptosis of COLO205 cells were examined, and the change in the expression level of PKCζ was analyzed. The results indicated that NP may significantly induce proliferation of COLO205 CRC cells, and significantly reduce cell apoptosis. However, suppression of PKCζ expression may inhibit proliferation, while NP could reduce this inhibition. The results of a western blot analysis indicated that the expression level of cyclin D1 and E were significantly increased following NP treatment, and the expression of p27 was significantly decreased. The phosphorylation of PKCζ and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 was significantly increased following NP treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, NP induced human CRC COLO205 cell proliferation and inhibited the apoptotic rate of COLO205 cells by increasing the activity of PKCζ and ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Handong Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Maijian Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Xingbin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
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Das B, Sarkar N, Bishayee A, Sinha D. Dietary phytochemicals in the regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition and associated enzymes: A promising anticancer therapeutic approach. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 56:196-218. [PMID: 30472212 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological phenomenon that plays a primordial role for initiation of metastasis. It renders cancer cells with increased self-renewal and tumor-initiating capabilities and exacerbated resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy. Hence, regulation of EMT stands out to be an important strategy in controlling the behavior of malignant cells. Despite the enormous amount of preclinical data on the implication of EMT in cancer progression, there is still lack of routine clinical translation at therapeutic levels. The need of EMT-modulating drugs with high efficacy and low cytotoxicity has led to studies involving the evaluation of the efficacy of a plethora of various classes of phytochemicals present in dietary sources of fruits and vegetables. This review summarizes the role of these different classes of phytochemicals, their natural/synthetic analogs, and their nano-formulations in regulation of EMT in various preclinical models through attenuation of primary signaling pathways. Numerous proteins, transcription factors and enzymes targeted by various classes of phytochemicals in repression of EMT has been presented in this review. Additionally, we have critically analyzed the existing literature and provided views on new direction for accelerating the discovery of novel drug candidates which could be cautiously administered without concomitant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bornita Das
- Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, West Bengal, India
| | - Nivedita Sarkar
- Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, West Bengal, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
| | - Dona Sinha
- Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, West Bengal, India.
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Sharma S, Ahmad S, Khan MF, Parvez S, Raisuddin S. In silico molecular interaction of bisphenol analogues with human nuclear receptors reveals their stronger affinity vs. classical bisphenol A. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 28:660-669. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1491663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Sharma
- Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohemmed Faraz Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheikh Raisuddin
- Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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Scarano WR, Pinho CF, Pissinatti L, Gonçalves BF, Mendes LO, Campos SG. Cell junctions in the prostate: an overview about the effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCS) in different experimental models. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 81:147-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Urriola-Muñoz P, Lagos-Cabré R, Patiño-García D, Reyes JG, Moreno RD. Bisphenol-A and Nonylphenol Induce Apoptosis in Reproductive Tract Cancer Cell Lines by the Activation of ADAM17. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082238. [PMID: 30065191 PMCID: PMC6121659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disruptor chemicals (EDCs), such as bisphenol A (BPA) and nonylphenol (NP), have been widely studied due to their negative effects on human and wildlife reproduction. Exposure to BPA or NP is related to cell death, hormonal deregulation, and cancer onset. Our previous studies showed that both compounds induce A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) activation. Here, we show that BPA and NP induce apoptosis in prostate and ovary cancer cell lines, in a process dependent on ADAM17 activation. ADAM17 knockdown completely prevented apoptosis as well as the shedding of ADAM17 substrates. Both compounds were found to induce an increase in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) only in Ca2+-containing medium, with the NP-treated cells response being more robust than those treated with BPA. Additionally, using a phosphorylated protein microarray, we found that both compounds stimulate common intracellular pathways related to cell growth, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. These results suggest that BPA and NP could induce apoptosis through ADAM17 by activating different intracellular signaling pathways that may converge in different cellular responses, one of which is apoptosis. These results confirm the capacity of these compounds to induce cell apoptosis in cancer cell lines and uncover ADAM17 as a key regulator of this process in response to EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Urriola-Muñoz
- Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Raúl Lagos-Cabré
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Daniel Patiño-García
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Juan G Reyes
- Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Ricardo D Moreno
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
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Gestational bisphenol S impairs placental endocrine function and the fusogenic trophoblast signaling pathway. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1861-1876. [PMID: 29550860 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to bisphenolic chemicals during pregnancy occurs in > 90% of pregnancies. Bisphenolic compounds can cross the placental barrier reaching fetal circulation. However, the effects of emerging bisphenolic compounds, such as bisphenol S (BPS), on placental function remain untested. The aim was to determine if bisphenol A (BPA) or BPS, at an environmentally relevant dose, impairs placental function. Pregnant sheep were randomly distributed into three treatment groups (n = 7-8/group): control, BPA, and BPS. All animals received daily injections of corn oil (control), BPA, or BPS (0.5 mg/kg; s.c.; internal fetal doses were ~ 2.6 ng/mL unconjugated BPA and ~ 7.7 ng/mL of BPS) from gestational day 30-100. After a 20-day washout period, placentas were weighed and placentomes collected. Placental endocrine function was assessed on biweekly maternal blood samples. Gestational exposure to BPS, but not BPA, reduced maternal circulating pregnancy-associated glycoproteins without change in placental weight or placental stereology. BPS-exposed placentas had 50% lower e-cadherin protein expression, ~ 20% fewer binucleate cells, and ~ threefold higher glial cell missing-1 protein expression. BPA placentas were not affected highlighting the intrinsic differences among bisphenolic chemicals. This is the first study to demonstrate that gestational BPS can result in placental endocrine dysfunction and points to a dysregulation in the fusogenic trophoblast signaling pathway.
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Gu W, Wang Y, Qiu Z, Dong J, Wang Y, Chen J. Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling is involved in nonylphenol-induced proinflammatory cytokines secretion by BV2 microglia. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:958-967. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenmin Qiu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
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Metformin inhibits 17β-estradiol-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via βKlotho-related ERK1/2 signaling and AMPKα signaling in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:21315-31. [PMID: 26824324 PMCID: PMC5008287 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential role of metformin in treating endometrial cancer remains to be explored. The current study investigated the role of metformin in 17β-estradiol-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. We found that 17β-estradiol promoted proliferation and migration, attenuated apoptosis in both estrogen receptor (ER) positive and ER negative endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (Ishikawa and KLE cells, respectively). Metformin abolished 17β-estradiol-induced cell proliferation and reversed 17β-estradiol-induced EMT in Ishikawa cells. In addition, metformin increased the expression of βKlotho, a fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) coreceptor, and decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in both Ishikawa and KLE cells. Decreased expression of βKlotho was noted in human endometrial adenocarcinomas, and plasmid-driven expression of βKlotho in Ishikawa cells abolished 17β-estradiol-induced EMT via inhibiting ERK1/2 signaling. βKlotho expression and metformin show synergetic effects on the proliferation and the EMT in Ishikawa cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the anti-EMT effects of metformin could be partly abolished by introducing Compound C, a specific AMPKα signaling inhibitor. In conclusion, metformin abolishes 17β-estradiol-induced cell proliferation and EMT in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells by upregulating βKlotho expression, inhibiting ERK1/2 signaling, and activating AMPKα signaling. Our study provides novel mechanistic insight into the anti-tumor effects of metformin.
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Huang DY, Zheng CC, Pan Q, Wu SS, Su X, Li L, Wu JH, Sun ZY. Oral exposure of low-dose bisphenol A promotes proliferation of dorsolateral prostate and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in aged rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:490. [PMID: 29323181 PMCID: PMC5764998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18869-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine disruptor compound reported to have prostate toxicity. This study aimed to assess the effect of BPA on the proliferation of dorsolateral prostate (DLP) and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes in aged rats. Male aged SD rats were treated with BPA (10.0, 30.0, and 90.0 µg/kg i.g., daily) or vehicle (i.g., daily) for 3 months. Treatment with BPA resulted in increased the expression of PCNA, DLP weight and DLP epithelial height compared with the control group (P < 0.01); such effects were more obvious at higher BPA doses. 90 µg/kg BPA significantly increased the estrogen to androgen ratio (P < 0.05). The EMT chip showed the BPA induced upregulation of vimentin, Snail, Twist1, and transforming growth factor beta 1, as well as the downregulation of E-cadherin in the DLP. Immunohistochemical data showed that the expression of vimentin, estrogen receptor subtypes, and androgen receptor increased and the expression of E-cadherin decreased in 30 and 90 µg/kg BPA groups. It was concluded that environmental exposure to low doses of BPA might promote the proliferation of DLP in aged rats by increasing the estrogen to androgen ratio and inducing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yan Huang
- National Evaluation Centre for the Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Reproductive and developmental research institute of Fudan university, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Zheng
- National Evaluation Centre for the Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qi Pan
- National Evaluation Centre for the Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Reproductive and developmental research institute of Fudan university, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Wu
- National Evaluation Centre for the Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xin Su
- National Evaluation Centre for the Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Reproductive and developmental research institute of Fudan university, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Li
- National Evaluation Centre for the Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Reproductive and developmental research institute of Fudan university, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian-Hui Wu
- National Evaluation Centre for the Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Reproductive and developmental research institute of Fudan university, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zu-Yue Sun
- National Evaluation Centre for the Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Reproductive and developmental research institute of Fudan university, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Kim BG, Kim JW, Kim SM, Go RE, Hwang KA, Choi KC. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Suppressed Cyprodinil-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastatic-Related Behaviors of Human Endometrial Ishikawa Cells via an Estrogen Receptor-Dependent Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010189. [PMID: 29316692 PMCID: PMC5796138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyprodinil (CYP) is a pyrimidine amine fungicide that has been extensively used in agricultural areas. 3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a derivative of the dietary phytoestrogen, indole-3-carbinol (I3C), which is derived from cruciferous vegetables and considered to be a cancer-preventive phytonutrient agent. In this study, the effects of CYP and DIM were examined on the cell viability, invasion, and metastasis of human endometrial cancer cells, Ishikawa, via epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). CYP increased the level of cell viability of Ishikawa cells compared to DMSO as a control, as did E2. Ishikawa cells lost cell-to-cell contact and obtained a spindle-shaped or fibroblast-like morphology in response to the application of E2 or CYP by the cell morphology assay. In the cell migration and invasion assay, CYP enhanced the ability of migration and invasion of Ishikawa cells, as did E2. E2 and CYP increased the expressions of N-cadherin and Snail proteins, while decreasing the expression of E-cadherin protein as EMT-related markers. In addition, E2 and CYP increased the protein expressions of cathepsin D and MMP-9, metastasis-related markers. Conversely, CYP-induced EMT, cell migration, and invasion were reversed by fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) as an estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, indicating that CYP exerts estrogenic activity by mediating these processes via an ER-dependent pathway. Similar to ICI 182,780, DIM significantly suppressed E2 and CYP-induced proliferation, EMT, migration, and invasion of Ishikawa cancer cells. Overall, the present study revealed that DIM has an antiestrogenic chemopreventive effect to withdraw the cancer-enhancing effect of E2 and CYP, while CYP has the capacity to enhance the metastatic potential of estrogen-responsive endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Gyoung Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungbuk, Korea.
| | - Jin-Wook Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungbuk, Korea.
| | - Soo-Min Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungbuk, Korea.
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungbuk, Korea.
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungbuk, Korea.
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungbuk, Korea.
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Lee HM, Hwang KA, Choi KC. Diverse pathways of epithelial mesenchymal transition related with cancer progression and metastasis and potential effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on epithelial mesenchymal transition process. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 457:103-113. [PMID: 28042023 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with normal functions of natural hormones in the body, leading to a disruption of the endocrine system. Specifically, EDCs have the potential to cause formation of several hormone-dependent cancers, including breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and cell-cell adhesion and acquire mesenchymal phenotype is closely associated with malignant transformation and the initiation of cancer metastasis. As a key epithelial marker responsible for adherens junction, E-cadherin enables the cells to maintain epithelial phenotypes. EMT event is induced by E-cadherin loss which can be carried out by many transcription factors (TFs), including Snail, Slug, ZEB1, ZEB2, Kruppel-like factor 8 (KLF8), and Twist. N-cadherin, fibronectin, and vimentin are mesenchymal markers needed for cellular migration. The EMT process is regulated by several signaling pathways mediated by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), Wnt-β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, and receptor tyrosine kinases. In the present article, we reviewed the current understanding of cancer progression effects of synthetic chemical EDCs such as bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and triclosan by focusing their roles in the EMT process. Collectively, the majority of previous studies revealed that BPA, phthalates, TCDD, and triclosan have the potential to induce cancer metastasis through regulating EMT markers and migration via several signaling pathways associated with the EMT program. Therefore, it is considered that the exposure to these EDCs can increase the risk aggravating the disease for the patients suffering cancer and that more regulations about the use of these EDCs are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Miru Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Deng H, Su X, Wang H. Simultaneous Determination of Aflatoxin B1, Bisphenol A, and 4-Nonylphenol in Peanut Oils by Liquid-Liquid Extraction Combined with Solid-Phase Extraction and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Lee GA, Hwang KA, Choi KC. Inhibitory effects of 3,3′-diindolylmethane on epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by endocrine disrupting chemicals in cellular and xenograft mouse models of breast cancer. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:284-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kim JY, Choi HG, Lee HM, Lee GA, Hwang KA, Choi KC. Effects of bisphenol compounds on the growth and epithelial mesenchymal transition of MCF-7 CV human breast cancer cells. J Biomed Res 2017; 31:358-369. [PMID: 28808208 PMCID: PMC5548997 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.31.20160162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol-A (BPA) has been considered as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) because it can exert estrogenic properties. For bisphenol-S (BPS) and bisphenol-F (BPF) that are BPA analogs and substitutes, their risk to estrogen-dependent cancer has been reported rarely compared with the numerous cases of BPA. In this study, we examined whether BPA, BPS, and BPF can lead to the proliferation, migration, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of MCF-7 clonal variant (MCF-7 CV) breast cancer cells expressing estrogen receptors (ERs). In a cell viability assay, BPA, BPS, and BPF significantly increased proliferation of MCF-7 CV cells compared to control (DMSO) as did 17β-estradiol (E2). In Western blotting assay, BPA, BPS, and BPF enhanced the protein expression of cell cycle progression genes such as cyclin D1 and E1. In addition, MCF-7 CV cells lost cell to cell contacts and acquired fibroblast-like morphology by the treatment of BPA, BPS, or BPF for 24 hours. In cell migration assay, BPA, BPS, and BPF accelerated the migration capability of MCF-7 CV cells as did E2. In relation with the EMT process, BPA, BPS, and BPF increased the protein expression ofN-cadherin, while they decreased the protein expression of E-cadherin. When BPA, BPS, and BPF were co-treated with ICI 182,780, an ER antagonist, proliferation effects were reversed, the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 was downregulated, and the altered cell migration and expression ofN-cadherin and E-cadherin by BPA, BPS, and BPF were restored to the control level. Thus, these results imply that BPS and BPF also have the risk of breast cancer progression as much as BPA in the induction of proliferation and migration of MCF-7 CV cells by regulating the protein expression of cell cycle-related genes and EMT markersvia the ER-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Youn Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Gyu Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Miru Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-A Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Republic of Korea
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Bisphenol A and estrogen induce proliferation of human thyroid tumor cells via an estrogen-receptor-dependent pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 633:29-39. [PMID: 28882636 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between papillary thyroid carcinoma and environmental exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) or 17-β estrogen (E2) by assessing the effects of these compounds on estrogen receptor expression and AKT/mTOR signaling. METHODS The effects of low levels of BPA (1mM-10nM) and 17β-estradiol (E2, 0.1mM-1nM) on ER expression and cellular proliferation were determined in human thyroid papillary cancer BHP10-3 cells. Protein and mRNA levels of estrogen nuclear receptors (ERα/ERβ) and membrane receptors (GPR30) were determined by immunofluorescence assay, Western blotting, and RT-PCR, respectively, and proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay. RESULTS The proliferative effects of BPA and E2 were both concentration- and time-dependent. Expression of ERα/ERβ and GPR30 were enhanced by BPA and E2. BPA and E2 could quickly phosphorylate AKT/mTOR. Moreover, ICI suppressed ERα expression and activated GPR30 as did G-1. G-15 reversed the effects of E2 on GPR30 and AKT/mTOR, but did not alter the effect of BPA. CONCLUSIONS BPA influences thyroid cancer proliferation by regulating expression of ERs and GPR30, a mechanism that differs from E2. In addition, ICI and G-15 may have the potential to be used as anti-thyroid cancer agents.
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Kim CW, Lee HM, Lee K, Kim B, Lee MY, Choi KC. Effects of cigarette smoke extracts on cell cycle, cell migration and endocrine activity in human placental cells. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 73:8-19. [PMID: 28736174 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is known to be related to adverse pregnancy results associated with trophoblast proliferation and cell cycle progression. Moreover, many previous studies have shown that cigarette smoke is correlated with human chorionic gonadotropin beta (hCG-β) subunit produced from syncytiotrophoblasts during pregnancy. Thus, we further investigated whether cigarette smoke extract (CSE) affects the cell proliferation, migration and endocrine hormone activity of JEG-3 human placental cancer cells. JEG-3 cell proliferation was significantly reduced by all CSEs in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, CSEs decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) levels in JEG-3 cells in Western blot. Increased migration or invasion ability of JEG-3 cells following CSE treatment was also confirmed by a scratch or fibronectin invasion assay in vitro. Additionally, protein levels of E-cadherin as an epithelial maker were down-regulated, while the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin, snail and slug were up-regulated in a time-dependent manner. The metastasis marker, cathepsin D, was also down-regulated by CSE. Finally, CSEs significantly reduced the expression of hCG-β protein in JEG-3 cells. Overall, these results indicate that exposure of placental cells to CSE deregulates the cell cycle by altering the expression of cell cycle-related proteins and stimulates cell metastatic ability by altering EMT markers and cathepsin D expression. CSE exposure may also decrease hCG-β production as an endocrine marker, implying that cigarette smoke has adverse effects during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Miru Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center, Jeonbuk Department of Non-human Primate, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Yang X, Huang H, Wang M, Zheng X, Xu J, Xie M. Effect of nonylphenol on the regulation of cell growth in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2211-2216. [PMID: 28656208 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), which can enhance the progression of cancer by functioning as an estrogen‑like factor. In the present study, the effects of different concentrations of NP on COLO205 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells were examined. The results of flow cytometric analysis revealed that NP significantly decreased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase in a dose‑dependent manner, which was accompanied by a marginal increase in the proportions of cells in S and G2/M phases. NP did not induce apoptosis, whereas estradiol (E2) did induce apoptosis. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the action of NP on COLO205 cells, the transcriptional levels of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK)1, ERK2 and phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K) were assessed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The expressions levels of ERK1, ERK2 and PI3K were increased by treatment with NP in a dose‑dependent manner. On examining protein levels, the expression of PI3K p38 was increased by NP and E2, and the expression of ERK1/2 was increased by NP. The phosphorylation of the ERK protein was significantly increased by treatment with NP at a high concentration (10‑4 M; P<0.01), but significantly decreased by E2 (P<0.01). Two key proteins in the transforming growth factor (TGF)β pathway (c‑Fos and SnoN) were selected for analysis using western blot analysis in the COLO205 cells treated with NP and E2. The expression levels of c‑Fos and SnoN were significantly increased by treatment with E2 (10‑7 M; P<0.01) and NP (10‑7‑10‑4 M; P<0.01). Taken together, these results indicated that NP affected the development of CRC via the ERK signaling pathway and TGFβ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Handong Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Maijian Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Xingbin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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Tomza-Marciniak A, Stępkowska P, Kuba J, Pilarczyk B. Effect of bisphenol A on reproductive processes: A review of in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:51-80. [PMID: 28608465 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As bisphenol A (BPA) is characterized by a pronounced influence on human hormonal regulation, particular attention has been aimed at understanding its role in reproductive processes in males and females, as well as on fetal development. Owing to the increasing number of alarming reports on the negative consequences of the presence of BPA in human surroundings, more and more studies are being undertaken to clarify the negative effects of BPA on human reproductive processes. The aim of this work was to collect and summarize data on the influence of BPA exposure on reproductive health. Based on an analysis of selected publications it was stated that there is strong proof confirming that BPA is an ovarian, uterine and prostate toxicant at a level below the lowest observed adverse effect level (50 mg kg-1 bodyweight) as well as a level below the proposed safe level (4 μg kg-1 bodyweight). It seems there is also reliable evidence in relation to the negative effect of BPA on sperm quality and motility. Limited evidence also pertains to the case of the potential of BPA to affect polycystic ovary syndrome occurrence. Although in epidemiological studies this disease was common, in studies on animal models such results were still not confirmed. No unambiguous results of epidemiological studies and with animal models were obtained in relation to the evaluation of associations between BPA and implantation failure in women, evaluation of associations between BPA and sexual dysfunction in men, and impact of BPA on birth rate, birth weight and length of gestation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paulina Stępkowska
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Kuba
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Pilarczyk
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
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Go RE, Kim CW, Jeon SY, Byun YS, Jeung EB, Nam KH, Choi KC. Fludioxonil induced the cancer growth and metastasis via altering epithelial-mesenchymal transition via an estrogen receptor-dependent pathway in cellular and xenografted breast cancer models. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1439-1454. [PMID: 27539251 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fludioxonil is an antifungal agent used in agricultural applications that is present at measurable amounts in fruits and vegetables. In this study, the effects of fludioxonil on cancer cell viability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis were examined in MCF-7 clonal variant breast cancer cell (MCF-7 CV cells) with estrogen receptors (ERs). MCF-7 CV cells were cultured with 0.1% DMSO (control), 17β-estradiol (E2; 1 ×10-9 M, positive control), or fludioxonil (10-5 -10-8 M). MTT assay revealed that fludioxonil increased MCF-7 CV cell proliferation 1.2 to 1.5 times compared to the control, while E2 markedly increased the cell proliferation by about 3.5 times. When the samples were co-treated with ICI 182,780 (10-8 M), an ER antagonist, fludioxonil-induced cell proliferation was reversed to the level of the control. Protein levels of cyclin E1, cyclin D1, Snail, and N-cadherin increased in response to fludioxonil as the reaction to E2, but these increases were not observed when fludioxonil was administered with ICI 182,780. Moreover, the protein level of p21 and E-cadherin decreased in response to treatment with fludioxonil, but remained at the control level when co-treated with ICI 182,780. In xenografted mouse models transplanted with MCF-7 CV cells, fludioxonil significantly increased the tumor mass formation by about 2.5 times as E2 did when compared to vehicle (0.1% DMSO) during the experimental period (80 days). Immunohistochemistry revealed that the protein level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Snail, and cathepsin D increased in response to fludioxonil as the reaction to E2. These results imply that fludioxonil may have a potential to induce growth or metastatic behaviors of breast cancer by regulation of the expression of cell cycle-, EMT-, and metastasis-related genes via the ER-dependent pathway. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1439-1454, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ye Jeon
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sub Byun
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hoan Nam
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Kim CW, Go RE, Lee HM, Hwang KA, Lee K, Kim B, Lee MY, Choi KC. Cigarette smoke extracts induced the colon cancer migration via regulating epithelial mesenchymal transition and metastatic genes in human colon cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:690-704. [PMID: 27087172 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There was considerable evidence that exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with an increased risk for colon cancer. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying the relationship between cigarette smoking and colon cancer remains unclear. Moreover, there were only a few studies on effects of complexing substance contained in cigarette smoke on colon cancer. Thus, we further investigated whether cigarette smoke extract (CSE) affects the cell cycle, apoptosis and migration of human metastatic colon cancer cells, SW-620. MTT assay revealed that SW-620 cell proliferation was significantly inhibited following treatments with all CSEs, 3R4F, and two-domestic cigarettes, for 9 days in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, CSE treatments decreased cyclin D1 and E1, and increased p21 and p27 proteins by Western blot analysis in SW-620 cells. Additionally, the treatment of the cells with CSE contributed to these effects expressing by apoptosis-related proteins. An increased migration or invasion ability of SW-620 cells following CSE treatment was also confirmed by a scratch or fibronectin invasion assay in vitro. In addition, the protein levels of E-cadherin as an epithelial maker were down-regulated, while the mesenchymal markers, N-cadherin, snail, and slug, were up-regulated in a time-dependent manner. A metastatic marker, cathepsin D, was also down-regulated by CSE treatment. Taken together, these results indicate that CSE exposure in colon cancer cells may deregulate the cell growth by altering the expression of cell cycle-related proteins and pro-apoptotic protein, and stimulate cell metastatic ability by altering epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and cathepsin D expression. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 690-704, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Miru Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center, Jeonbuk Department of Non-Human Primate, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Lee GA, Choi KC, Hwang KA. Kaempferol, a phytoestrogen, suppressed triclosan-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastatic-related behaviors of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 49:48-57. [PMID: 27902959 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As a phytoestrogen, kaempferol is known to play a chemopreventive role inhibiting carcinogenesis and cancer progression. In this study, the influences of triclosan, an anti-bacterial agent recently known for an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC), and kaempferol on breast cancer progression were examined by measuring their effects on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastatic-related behaviors of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Morphological changes of MCF-7 cells were observed, and a wound-healing assay was performed after the treatment of triclosan and kaempferol. The effects of triclosan and kaempferol on protein expression of EMT-related markers such as E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail, and Slug and metastasis-related markers such as cathepsin B, D, MMP-2 and -9 were investigated by Western blot assay. In microscopic observations, triclosan (10-6M) or E2 (10-9M) induced transition to mesenchymal phenotype of MCF-7 cells compared with the control. Co-treatment of ICI 182,780 (10-8M), an ER antagonist, or kaempferol (25μM) with E2 or triclosan restored the cellular morphology to an epithelial phenotype. In a wound-healing scratch and a transwell migration assay, triclosan enhanced migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells, but co-treatment of kaempferol or ICI 182,780 reduced the migration and invasion ability of MCF-7 cells to the control level. In addition, kaempferol effectively suppressed E2 or triclosan-induced protein expressions of EMT and metastasis promoting markers. Taken together, triclosan may be a distinct xenoestrogenic EDC to promote EMT, migration, and invasion of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through ER. On the other hand, kaempferol can be an alternative chemopreventive agent to effectively suppress the metastatic behavior of breast cancer induced by an endogenous estrogen as well as exogenous xenoestrogenic compounds including triclosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-A Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals on onset and development of female reproductive disorders and hormone-related cancer. Reprod Biol 2016; 16:243-254. [PMID: 27692877 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that exposure to chemical substances designated as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) due to their ability to disturb endocrine (hormonal) activity in humans and animals, may contribute to problems with fertility, pregnancy, and other aspects of reproduction. The presence of EDCs has already been associated with reproductive malfunction in wildlife species, but it remains difficult to prove causal relationships between the presence of EDCs and specific reproductive problems in vivo, especially in females. On the other hand, the increasing number of experiments with laboratory animals and in vitro research indicate the ability of different EDCs to influence the normal function of female reproductive system, and even their association with cancer development or progression. Research shows that EDCs may pose the greatest risk during prenatal and early postnatal development when organ and neural systems are forming. In this review article, we aim to point out a possible contribution of EDCs to the onset and development of female reproductive disorders and endocrine-related cancers with regard to the period of exposure to EDCs and affected endpoints (organs or processes).
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