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Slanovc J, Mikulčić M, Jahn N, Wizsy NGT, Sattler W, Malle E, Hrzenjak A. Prostaglandin 15d-PGJ 2 inhibits proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells by inducing ROS production and activation of apoptosis via sirtuin-1. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166924. [PMID: 37898426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUADC) belongs to the most prevalent and lethal cancer types. As 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) displays anti-oxidative, -inflammatory, and -cancer properties, we investigated whether this cyclopentenone PG, a stable degradation end-product of cyclooxygenase-generated PGD2, exerts beneficial effects in three LUADC cell lines (A549, H1299, H23). We here report that 15d-PGJ2 had substantial cytotoxic effects in all three LUADC cell lines by promoting early apoptosis and inhibiting the cell cycle, proliferation, and migration. As indicators of cell malignancy, scratch closure and colony formation were significantly inhibited by 15d-PGJ2. 15d-PGJ2 induced generation of ROS and subsequent activation of MAPKs. Expression of Nrf-2, a well-known tumor driver, was markedly diminished by 15d-PGJ2 treatment. Although PPARγ, DP1, and DP2 are expressed in LUADC cells, blocking these receptors with specific inhibitors (SR16832 and BW245C) did not reverse 15d-PGJ2-mediated cytotoxicity, suggesting receptor-independent effects. 15d-PGJ2 decreased SIRT1 expression in LUADC cells and the knockdown of SIRT1 diminished the cytotoxic effects of 15d-PGJ2. Importantly, 15d-PGJ2 significantly reduced tumor growth using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The structural analog of 15d- PGJ2, 9,10-dihydro-15d-PGJ2 (lacking the α,β-unsaturated ketone structural element), did not show any toxic effects in LUADC cells. Altogether, our findings suggest that 15d-PGJ2 led to significantly reduced tumor growth and cell proliferation in three LUADC cell lines. The CAM assay results suggest that 15d-PGJ2 is a suitable endogenous compound to interfere with LUADC tumor progression. We show that SIRT1 modulates the effects of 15d-PGJ2 and may be used as a therapeutic target for LUADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Slanovc
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Mateja Mikulčić
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Nicole Jahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | | | - Wolfgang Sattler
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Ernst Malle
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Andelko Hrzenjak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Calcium signaling induced by 15-deoxy-prostamide-J2 promotes cell death by activating PERK, IP3R, and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Oncotarget 2022; 13:1380-1396. [PMID: 36580536 PMCID: PMC9799328 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer in the US. Although immunotherapeutic checkpoint inhibitors and small-molecule kinase inhibitors have dramatically increased the survival of patients with melanoma, new or optimized therapeutic approaches are still needed to improve outcomes. 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostamide J2 (15d-PMJ2) is an investigational small-molecule that induces ER stress-mediated apoptosis selectively in tumor cells. Additionally, 15d-PMJ2 reduces melanoma growth in vivo. To assess the chemotherapeutic potential of 15d-PMJ2, the current study sought to uncover molecular pathways by which 15d-PMJ2 exerts its antitumor activity. B16F10 melanoma and JWF2 squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were cultured in the presence of pharmacological agents that prevent ER or oxidative stress as well as Ca2+ channel blockers to identify mechanisms of 15d-PMJ2 cell death. Our data demonstrated the ER stress protein, PERK, was required for 15d-PMJ2-induced death. PERK activation triggered the release of ER-resident Ca2+ through an IP3R sensitive pathway. Increased calcium mobilization led to mitochondrial Ca2+ overload followed by mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and the deterioration of mitochondrial respiration. Finally, we show the electrophilic double bond located within the cyclopentenone ring of 15d-PMJ2 was required for its activity. The present study identifies PERK/IP3R/mPTP signaling as a mechanism of 15d-PMJ2 antitumor activity.
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Mikulčić M, Tabrizi-Wizsy NG, Bernhart EM, Asslaber M, Trummer C, Windischhofer W, Sattler W, Malle E, Hrzenjak A. 15d-PGJ 2 Promotes ROS-Dependent Activation of MAPK-Induced Early Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Cell In Vitro and in an Ex Ovo CAM Assay. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111760. [PMID: 34769194 PMCID: PMC8583949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of bone tumor, and has limited therapy options. 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) has striking anti-tumor effects in various tumors. Here, we investigated molecular mechanisms that mediate anti-tumor effects of 15d-PGJ2 in different OS cell lines. Human U2-OS and Saos-2 cells were treated with 15d-PGJ2 and cell survival was measured by MTT assay. Cell proliferation and motility were investigated by scratch assay, the tumorigenic capacity by colony forming assay. Intracellular ROS was estimated by H2DCFDA. Activation of MAPKs and cytoprotective proteins was detected by immunoblotting. Apoptosis was detected by immunoblotting and Annexin V/PI staining. The ex ovo CAM model was used to study growth capability of grafted 15d-PGJ2-treated OS cells, followed by immunohistochemistry with hematoxylin/eosin and Ki-67. 15d-PGJ2 substantially decreased cell viability, colony formation and wound closure capability of OS cells. Non-malignant human osteoblast was less affected by 15d-PGJ2. 15d-PGJ2 induced rapid intracellular ROS production and time-dependent activation of MAPKs (pERK1/2, pJNK and pp38). Tempol efficiently inhibited 15d-PGJ2-induced ERK1/2 activation, while N-acetylcystein and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate were less effective. Early but weak activation of cytoprotective proteins was overrun by induction of apoptosis. A structural analogue, 9,10-dihydro-15d-PGJ2, did not show toxic effects in OS cells. In the CAM model, we grafted OS tumors with U2-OS, Saos-2 and MG-63 cells. 15d-PGJ2 treatment resulted in significant growth inhibition, diminished tumor tissue density, and reduced tumor cell proliferation for all cell lines. Our in vitro and CAM data suggest 15d-PGJ2 as a promising natural compound to interfere with OS tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Mikulčić
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Nassim Ghaffari Tabrizi-Wizsy
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Eva M. Bernhart
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.B.); (C.T.); (W.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Martin Asslaber
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Christopher Trummer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.B.); (C.T.); (W.S.); (E.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Werner Windischhofer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Wolfgang Sattler
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.B.); (C.T.); (W.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Ernst Malle
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.B.); (C.T.); (W.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Andelko Hrzenjak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-73860
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Comparison between In Vitro Chemical and Ex Vivo Biological Assays to Evaluate Antioxidant Capacity of Botanical Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071136. [PMID: 34356369 PMCID: PMC8301118 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-oxidative activity of plant-derived extracts is well-known and confers health-promoting effects on functional foods and food supplements. Aim of this work is to evaluate the capability of two different assays to predict the real biological antioxidant efficiency. At this purpose, extracts from five different plant-derived matrices and commercial purified phytochemicals were analyzed for their anti-oxidative properties by using well-standardized in vitro chemical method (TEAC) and an ex vivo biological assay. The biological assay, a cellular membrane system obtained from erythrocytes of healthy volunteers, is based on the capability of phytochemicals treatment to prevent membrane lipid peroxidation under oxidative stress by UV-B radiation. Plant extracts naturally rich in phenols with different structure and purified phytochemicals showed different in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant capacities. A high correlation between phenolic contents of the plant-derived extracts and their ability to prevent oxidative injuries in a biological system was found, thus underlying the relevance of this class of metabolites in preventing oxidative stress. On the other hand, a low correlation between the antioxidant capacities was shown between in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant assay. Moreover, data presented in this work show how food complex matrices are more effective in preventing oxidative damages at biological level than pure phytochemicals, even if for these latter, the antioxidant activity was generally higher than that observed for food complex matrices.
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Li Y, Girgis M, Wise SY, Fatanmi OO, Seed TM, Maniar M, Cheema AK, Singh VK. Analysis of the metabolomic profile in serum of irradiated nonhuman primates treated with Ex-Rad, a radiation countermeasure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11449. [PMID: 34075191 PMCID: PMC8169671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved four drugs to mitigate hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome and all four are repurposed radiomitigators. There are several additional drug candidates currently under evaluation that may also be helpful for use during a widespread emergency. One possible candidate is Ex-Rad, also known as ON01210, a chlorobenzyl sulfone derivative (organosulfur compound), which is a novel, small-molecule kinase inhibitor with demonstrated efficacy in the murine model. In this study, we have evaluated the metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in serum samples of nonhuman primates (NHPs) treated with Ex-Rad after exposure to ionizing radiation. Two different dose administration schedules (Ex-Rad I administered 24 and 36 h post-irradiation, and Ex-Rad II administered 48 and 60 h post-irradiation), were used and evaluated using a global molecular profiling approach. We observed alterations in biochemical pathways relating to inflammation and oxidative stress after radiation exposure that were alleviated in animals that received Ex-Rad I or Ex-Rad II. The results from this study lend credence to the possible radiomitigative effects of this drug possibly via a dampening of metabolism-based tissue injury, thus aiding in recovery of vital, radiation-injured organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxiang Li
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Girgis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stephen Y Wise
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Oluseyi O Fatanmi
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas M Seed
- Tech Micro Services, 4417 Maple Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Manoj Maniar
- Onconova Therapeutics, Inc, 375 Pheasant Run, Newtown, PA, USA
| | - Amrita K Cheema
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Vijay K Singh
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA. .,Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Chirumbolo S, Valdenassi L, Simonetti V, Bertossi D, Ricevuti G, Franzini M, Pandolfi S. Insights on the mechanisms of action of ozone in the medical therapy against COVID-19. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107777. [PMID: 34020394 PMCID: PMC8112288 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An increasing amount of reports in the literature is showing that medical ozone (O3) is used, with encouraging results, in treating COVID-19 patients, optimizing pain and symptoms relief, respiratory parameters, inflammatory and coagulation markers and the overall health status, so reducing significantly how much time patients underwent hospitalization and intensive care. To date, aside from mechanisms taking into account the ability of O3 to activate a rapid oxidative stress response, by up-regulating antioxidant and scavenging enzymes, no sound hypothesis was addressed to attempt a synopsis of how O3 should act on COVID-19. The knowledge on how O3 works on inflammation and thrombosis mechanisms is of the utmost importance to make physicians endowed with new guns against SARS-CoV2 pandemic. This review tries to address this issue, so to expand the debate in the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Luigi Valdenassi
- SIOOT, High School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Italy; SIOOT INTERNATIONAL, Communian Clinic, Gorle Bergamo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Simonetti
- SIOOT, High School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Italy; SIOOT INTERNATIONAL, Communian Clinic, Gorle Bergamo, Italy
| | - Dario Bertossi
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Marianno Franzini
- SIOOT, High School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Italy; SIOOT INTERNATIONAL, Communian Clinic, Gorle Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sergio Pandolfi
- SIOOT, High School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Italy; SIOOT INTERNATIONAL, Communian Clinic, Gorle Bergamo, Italy; Villa Mafalda Clinics via Monte delle Gioie, Rome, Italy
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7
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Gimazetdinov AM, Al’mukhametov AZ, Zagitov VV, Miftakhov MS. Formal synthesis of J-type prostaglandins based on enantiopure polyfunctional cyclopentenol derivative. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kasamatsu S, Ihara H. Regulation of redox signaling by reactive sulfur species. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 68:111-115. [PMID: 33879961 PMCID: PMC8046004 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive sulfur species, such as cysteine persulfide, are produced endogenously at significant levels in cells and have rapidly emerged as common biomolecules. By virtue of improved analytical methods for detecting reactive persulfides, it has been demonstrated that these reactive molecules exhibit unique chemical properties and are present in various forms in vivo. Accumulating evidence has suggested that persulfides may be involved in a variety of biological processes, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses, biosynthesis of sulfur-containing molecules, mitochondrial energy metabolism via sulfur respiration, and cytoprotection via regulation of redox signal transduction induced by endogenous and exogenous electrophiles. Elucidation of the persulfide-dependent metabolism of redox signals is expected to facilitate our understanding of the importance of persulfides in regulating redox signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Viedma-Poyatos Á, González-Jiménez P, Langlois O, Company-Marín I, Spickett CM, Pérez-Sala D. Protein Lipoxidation: Basic Concepts and Emerging Roles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:295. [PMID: 33669164 PMCID: PMC7919664 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein lipoxidation is a non-enzymatic post-translational modification that consists of the covalent addition of reactive lipid species to proteins. This occurs under basal conditions but increases in situations associated with oxidative stress. Protein targets for lipoxidation include metabolic and signalling enzymes, cytoskeletal proteins, and transcription factors, among others. There is strong evidence for the involvement of protein lipoxidation in disease, including atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Nevertheless, the involvement of lipoxidation in cellular regulatory mechanisms is less understood. Here we review basic aspects of protein lipoxidation and discuss several features that could support its role in cell signalling, including its selectivity, reversibility, and possibilities for regulation at the levels of the generation and/or detoxification of reactive lipids. Moreover, given the great structural variety of electrophilic lipid species, protein lipoxidation can contribute to the generation of multiple structurally and functionally diverse protein species. Finally, the nature of the lipoxidised proteins and residues provides a frameshift for a complex interplay with other post-translational modifications, including redox and redox-regulated modifications, such as oxidative modifications and phosphorylation, thus strengthening the importance of detailed knowledge of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Viedma-Poyatos
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia González-Jiménez
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ophélie Langlois
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Idoia Company-Marín
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Corinne M Spickett
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Kasamatsu S. Persulfide-Dependent Regulation of Electrophilic Redox Signaling in Neural Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1320-1331. [PMID: 32536194 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Redox homeostasis is precisely modulated by intricate systems that regulate production, elimination, and metabolism of electrophilic substances (electrophiles) in the nervous system. Since the first report of the endogenous production of reactive persulfide species in cells, such as cysteine persulfides (CysSSH), these reactive species have been a topic of extreme interest in the field of redox biology; persulfides/polysulfides possess unique chemical properties and are involved in multiple cellular functions. Recent Advances: Electrophilic signaling is mainly regulated by endogenous electrophiles that are generated from reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and their derivatives during stress responses, as well as by exogenous electrophiles, including compounds in foods and environmental pollutants, such as methylmercury (MeHg). Among diverse electrophiles that are endogenously generated, 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-nitro-cGMP) possesses unique redox properties, of which the biosynthetic pathway, signaling mechanism, and metabolism in cells have been elucidated. Critical Issues: Persulfides, such as CysSSH, that are endogenously produced are critically involved in 8-nitro-cGMP metabolism. Exposure of neurons to the exogenous neurotoxicant, MeHg, causes severe neurodegeneration via disruption of persulfide-dependent 8-nitro-cGMP metabolism. Future Directions: Accumulating evidence indicates that persulfides are involved in various cellular functions under physiological and pathological conditions. These new aspects of redox biology related to persulfides may be frontiers of cell research, medical and clinical investigations of neurodegenerative diseases, as well as other fields. 8-Nitro-cGMP-mediated signaling and its persulfide-dependent metabolism in cells could, therefore, be potential targets for drug development, which may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic agents for many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
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The formal synthesis of (+)-15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 by utilizing SmI2-promoted intramolecular coupling of bromoalkynes and α,β-unsaturated esters. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Moldogazieva NT, Mokhosoev IM, Mel'nikova TI, Zavadskiy SP, Kuz'menko AN, Terentiev AA. Dual Character of Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Halogen Species: Endogenous Sources, Interconversions and Neutralization. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:S56-S78. [PMID: 32087054 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920140047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress resulting from accumulation of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and halogen species (ROS, RNS, and RHS, respectively) causes the damage of cells and biomolecules. However, over the long evolutionary time, living organisms have developed the mechanisms for adaptation to oxidative stress conditions including the activity of the antioxidant system (AOS), which maintains low intracellular levels of RONS (ROS and RNS) and RHS. Moreover, living organisms have adapted to use low concentrations of these electrophiles for the regulation of cell functions through the reversible post-translational chemical modifications of redox-sensitive amino acid residues in intracellular effectors of signal transduction pathways (protein kinases and protein phosphatases), transcription factors, etc. An important fine-tuning mechanism that ensures involvement of RONS and RHS in the regulation of physiological processes is interconversion between different reactive species. This review focuses on the complex networks of interacting RONS and RHS types and their endogenous sources, such as NOX family of NADPH oxidases, complexes I and III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, NO synthases, cytochrome P450-containing monooxygenase system, xanthine oxidoreductase, and myeloperoxidases. We highlight that kinetic parameters of reactions involving RONS and RHS determine the effects of these reactive species on cell functions. We also describe the functioning of enzymatic and non-enzymatic AOS components and the mechanisms of RONS and RHS scavenging under physiological conditions. We believe that analysis of interactions between RONS and relationships between different endogenous sources of these compounds will contribute to better understanding of their role in the maintenance of cell redox homeostasis as well as initiation and progression of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N T Moldogazieva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - I M Mokhosoev
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - T I Mel'nikova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - S P Zavadskiy
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A N Kuz'menko
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A A Terentiev
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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13
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Vostrikov NS, Makaev ZR, Zagitov VV, Lakhvich FA, Pashkovsky FS, Miftakhov MS. Methyl (S)-(5-methylidene-4-oxocyclopent-2-en-1-yl)acetate as a readily available pharmacologically important subunit of cross-conjugated cyclopentenone prostaglandins. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2796-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Avila JA, Kiprowska M, Jean-Louis T, Rockwell P, Figueiredo-Pereira ME, Serrano PA. PACAP27 mitigates an age-dependent hippocampal vulnerability to PGJ2-induced spatial learning deficits and neuroinflammation in mice. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01465. [PMID: 31769222 PMCID: PMC6955932 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation in the brain is mediated by the cyclooxygenase pathway, which leads to the production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandin (PG) D2, the most abundant PG in the brain, increases under pathological conditions and is spontaneously metabolized to PGJ2. PGJ2 is highly neurotoxic, with the potential to transition neuroinflammation into a chronic state and contribute to neurodegeneration as seen in many neurological diseases. Conversely, PACAP27 is a lipophilic peptide that raises intracellular cAMP and is an anti-inflammatory agent. The aim of our study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of PACAP27 to counter the behavioral and neurotoxic effects of PGJ2 observed in aged subjects. METHODS PGJ2 was injected bilaterally into the hippocampal CA1 region of 53-week-old and 12-week-old C57BL/6N male mice, once per week over 3 weeks (three total infusions) and included co-infusions of PACAP27 within respective treatment groups. Our behavioral assessments looked at spatial learning and memory performance on the 8-arm radial maze, followed by histological analyses of fixed hippocampal tissue using Fluoro-Jade C and fluorescent immunohistochemistry focused on IBA-1 microglia. RESULTS Aged mice treated with PGJ2 exhibited spatial learning and long-term memory deficits, as well as neurodegeneration in CA3 pyramidal neurons. Aged mice that received co-infusions of PACAP27 exhibited remediated learning and memory performance and decreased neurodegeneration in CA3 pyramidal neurons. Moreover, microglial activation in the CA3 region was also reduced in aged mice cotreated with PACAP27. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that PGJ2 can produce a retrograde spread of damage not observed in PGJ2-treated young mice, leading to age-dependent neurodegeneration of hippocampal neurons producing learning and memory deficits. PACAP27 can remediate the behavioral and neurodegenerative effects that PGJ2 produces in aged subjects. Targeting specific neurotoxic prostaglandins, such as PGJ2, offers great promise as a new therapeutic strategy downstream of cyclooxygenases, to combat the neuronal deficits induced by chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Avila
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Magdalena Kiprowska
- The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Teneka Jean-Louis
- The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patricia Rockwell
- The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria E Figueiredo-Pereira
- The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter A Serrano
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Gimazetdinov AM, Al’mukhametov AZ, Miftakhov MS. Synthetic Approaches to 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2. A New Key Building Block Based on (3aR,6R,6aS)-6-Trimethylsilyl)-3,3a,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-1-one. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428019060137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Alli-Oluwafuyi AM, Luis PB, Nakashima F, Giménez-Bastida JA, Presley SH, Duvernay MT, Iwalewa EO, Schneider C. Curcumin induces secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 through an oxidation-dependent mechanism. Biochimie 2019; 165:250-257. [PMID: 31470039 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin shows antiglycemic effects in animals. Curcumin is chemically unstable at physiological pH, and its oxidative degradation products were shown to contribute to its anti-inflammatory effects. Since the degradation products may also contribute to other effects, we analyzed their role in the antiglycemic activity of curcumin. We quantified curcumin-induced release of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) from mouse STC-1 cells that represent enteroendocrine L-cells as a major source of this anti-diabetic hormone. Curcumin induced secretion of GLP-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Two chemically stable analogues of curcumin that do not readily undergo degradation, were less active while two unstable analogues were active secretagogues. Chromatographically isolated spiroepoxide, an unstable oxidative metabolite of curcumin with anti-inflammatory activity, also induced secretion of GLP-1. Stable compounds like the final oxidative metabolite bicyclopentadione, and the major plasma metabolite, curcumin-glucuronide, were inactive. GLP-1 secretion induced by curcumin and its oxidative degradation products was associated with activation of PKC, ERK, and CaM kinase II. Since activity largely correlated with instability of curcumin and the analogues, we tested the extent of covalent binding to proteins in STC-1 cells and found it occurred with similar affinity as N-ethylmaleimide, indicating covalent binding occurred with nucleophilic cysteine residues. These results suggest that oxidative metabolites of curcumin are involved in the antiglycemic effects of curcumin. Our findings support the hypothesis that curcumin functions as a pro-drug requiring oxidative activation to reveal its bioactive metabolites that act by binding to target proteins thereby causing a change in function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Musawwir Alli-Oluwafuyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Paula B Luis
- Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Fumie Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Juan A Giménez-Bastida
- Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Sai Han Presley
- Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Matthew T Duvernay
- Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ezekiel O Iwalewa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Claus Schneider
- Department of Pharmacology and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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17
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Biringer RG. The Role of Eicosanoids in Alzheimer's Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16142560. [PMID: 31323750 PMCID: PMC6678666 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders known. Estimates from the Alzheimer's Association suggest that there are currently 5.8 million Americans living with the disease and that this will rise to 14 million by 2050. Research over the decades has revealed that AD pathology is complex and involves a number of cellular processes. In addition to the well-studied amyloid-β and tau pathology, oxidative damage to lipids and inflammation are also intimately involved. One aspect all these processes share is eicosanoid signaling. Eicosanoids are derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids by enzymatic or non-enzymatic means and serve as short-lived autocrine or paracrine agents. Some of these eicosanoids serve to exacerbate AD pathology while others serve to remediate AD pathology. A thorough understanding of eicosanoid signaling is paramount for understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing potential treatments for AD. In this review, eicosanoid metabolism is examined in terms of in vivo production, sites of production, receptor signaling, non-AD biological functions, and known participation in AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger G Biringer
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Blvd., Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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18
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Vostrikov NS, Spirikhin LV, Lobov AN, Gimazetdinov AM, Zileeva ZR, Vakhitova YV, Macaev ZR, Pivnitsky KK, Miftakhov MS. Simple antitumor model compounds for cross-conjugated cyclopentenone prostaglandins. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Rajendran S, Shen X, Glawe J, Kolluru GK, Kevil CG. Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Regulation of Ischemic Vascular Growth and Remodeling. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1213-1247. [PMID: 31187898 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic vascular remodeling occurs in response to stenosis or arterial occlusion leading to a change in blood flow and tissue perfusion. Altered blood flow elicits a cascade of molecular and cellular physiological responses leading to vascular remodeling of the macro- and micro-circulation. Although cellular mechanisms of vascular remodeling such as arteriogenesis and angiogenesis have been studied, therapeutic approaches in these areas have had limited success due to the complexity and heterogeneous constellation of molecular signaling events regulating these processes. Understanding central molecular players of vascular remodeling should lead to a deeper understanding of this response and aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO) are gaseous signaling molecules that are critically involved in regulating fundamental biochemical and molecular responses necessary for vascular growth and remodeling. This review examines how NO and H2 S regulate pathophysiological mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, along with important chemical and experimental considerations revealed thus far. The importance of NO and H2 S bioavailability, their synthesis enzymes and cofactors, and genetic variations associated with cardiovascular risk factors suggest that they serve as pivotal regulators of vascular remodeling responses. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1213-1247, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - John Glawe
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Gopi K Kolluru
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
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20
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Elhassanny AEM, Ladin DA, Soliman E, Albassam H, Morris A, Kobet R, Thayne K, Burns C, Danell AS, Van Dross R. Prostaglandin D 2-ethanolamide induces skin cancer apoptosis by suppressing the activity of cellular antioxidants. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 142:9-23. [PMID: 30858059 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The combined incidence of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is greater than the incidence of all other malignancies in the US. Previously, we demonstrated that the endocannabinoid, arachidonoyl-ethanolamide (AEA), was a potent inducer of apoptosis in NMSC. The metabolism of AEA to the prostaglandin, PGD2-EA, was a prerequisite for AEA cytotoxicity. However, the mechanism of PGD2-EA cell death has not been clearly defined. In the present study, we report that PGD2-EA causes apoptosis in melanoma and NMSC cells. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that PGD2-EA was dehydrated to three J-series prostaglandins; PGJ2-EA, Δ12PGJ2-EA, and 15deoxy,Δ12,14 PGJ2-EA. PGD2-EA inhibited the antioxidant activity of glutathione and thioredoxin which then caused oxidative stress. This increase in oxidative stress was accompanied by the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. The effect of PGD2-EA was independent of DP1, DP2, and PPARγ receptors suggesting that PGD2-EA cytotoxicity was mediated by its metabolic product, 15dPGJ2-EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E M Elhassanny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Daniel A Ladin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Eman Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Hussam Albassam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Kathleen Thayne
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Rukiyah Van Dross
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; Department of Chemistry, USA; Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
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21
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Jang HO, Lee HN, Woo JH, Lee JY, Kim A, Lee JK, Kim DH, Surh YJ, Na HK. 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 up-regulates the expression of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase through DNA methyltransferase 1 inactivation. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:335-347. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1576867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ok Jang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ha-Na Lee
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Woo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Health & Wellness, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ja-Young Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Health & Wellness, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Areumnuri Kim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Lee
- KIRAMS Radiation Biobank, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Na
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Health & Wellness, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Knowledge-Based Services Engineering, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, South Korea
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22
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Wang H, Cheung F, Stoll AC, Rockwell P, Figueiredo-Pereira ME. Mitochondrial and calcium perturbations in rat CNS neurons induce calpain-cleavage of Parkin: Phosphatase inhibition stabilizes pSer 65Parkin reducing its calpain-cleavage. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1436-1450. [PMID: 30796971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial impairment and calcium (Ca++) dyshomeostasis are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). When intracellular ATP levels are lowered, Ca++-ATPase pumps are impaired causing cytoplasmic Ca++ to be elevated and calpain activation. Little is known about the effect of calpain activation on Parkin integrity. To address this gap, we examined the effects of mitochondrial inhibitors [oligomycin (Oligo), antimycin and rotenone] on endogenous Parkin integrity in rat midbrain and cerebral cortical cultures. All drugs induced calpain-cleavage of Parkin to ~36.9/43.6 kDa fragments. In contrast, treatment with the proinflammatory prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2) and the proteasome inhibitor epoxomicin induced caspase-cleavage of Parkin to fragments of a different size, previously shown by others to be triggered by apoptosis. Calpain-cleaved Parkin was enriched in neuronal mitochondrial fractions. Pre-treatment with the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid prior to Oligo-treatment, stabilized full-length Parkin phosphorylated at Ser65, and reduced calpain-cleavage of Parkin. Treatment with the Ca++ ionophore A23187, which facilitates Ca++ transport across the plasma membrane, mimicked the effect of Oligo by inducing calpain-cleavage of Parkin. Removing extracellular Ca++ from the media prevented oligomycin- and ionophore-induced calpain-cleavage of Parkin. Computational analysis predicted that calpain-cleavage of Parkin liberates its UbL domain. The phosphagen cyclocreatine moderately mitigated Parkin cleavage by calpain. Moreover, the pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP27), which stimulates cAMP production, prevented caspase but not calpain-cleavage of Parkin. Overall, our data support a link between Parkin phosphorylation and its cleavage by calpain. This mechanism reflects the impact of mitochondrial impairment and Ca++-dyshomeostasis on Parkin integrity and could influence PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Fanny Cheung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anna C Stoll
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Patricia Rockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Maria E Figueiredo-Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY 10065, USA.
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23
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Loza VV, Gimazetdinov AM, Miftakhov MS. Cross-Conjugated Cyclopentenone Prostaglandins. Recent Advances. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428018110015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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25
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Corwin C, Nikolopoulou A, Pan AL, Nunez-Santos M, Vallabhajosula S, Serrano P, Babich J, Figueiredo-Pereira ME. Prostaglandin D2/J2 signaling pathway in a rat model of neuroinflammation displaying progressive parkinsonian-like pathology: potential novel therapeutic targets. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:272. [PMID: 30236122 PMCID: PMC6146649 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostaglandins are products of the cyclooxygenase pathway, which is implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). Limited knowledge is available on mechanisms by which prostaglandins contribute to PD neurodegeneration. To address this gap, we focused on the prostaglandin PGD2/J2 signaling pathway, because PGD2 is the most abundant prostaglandin in the brain, and the one that increases the most under pathological conditions. Moreover, PGJ2 is spontaneously derived from PGD2. METHODS In this study, we determined in rats the impact of unilateral nigral PGJ2-microinfusions on COX-2, lipocalin-type PGD2 synthase (L-PGDS), PGD2/J2 receptor 2 (DP2), and 15 hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH). Nigral dopaminergic (DA) and microglial distribution and expression levels of these key factors of the prostaglandin D2/J2 pathway were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. PGJ2-induced motor deficits were assessed with the cylinder test. We also determined whether oral treatment with ibuprofen improved the PD-like pathology induced by PGJ2. RESULTS PGJ2 treatment induced progressive PD-like pathology in the rats. Concomitant with DA neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), PGJ2-treated rats exhibited microglia and astrocyte activation and motor deficits. In DA neurons, COX-2, L-PGDS, and 15-PGDH levels increased significantly in PGJ2-treated rats compared to controls, while DP2 receptor levels were unchanged. In microglia, DP2 receptors were basically non-detectable, while COX-2 and L-PGDS levels increased upon PGJ2-treatment, and 15-PGDH remained unchanged. 15-PGDH was also detected in oligodendrocytes. Notably, ibuprofen prevented most PGJ2-induced PD-like pathology. CONCLUSIONS The PGJ2-induced rat model develops progressive PD pathology, which is a hard-to-mimic aspect of this disorder. Moreover, prevention of most PGJ2-induced PD-like pathology with ibuprofen suggests a positive feedback mechanism between PGJ2 and COX-2 that could lead to chronic neuroinflammation. Notably, this is the first study that analyzes the nigral dopaminergic and microglial distribution and levels of factors of the PGD2/J2 signaling pathway in rodents. Our findings support the notions that upregulation of COX-2 and L-PGDS may be important in the PGJ2 evoked PD-like pathology, and that neuronal DP2 receptor antagonists and L-PGDS inhibitors may be novel pharmacotherapeutics to relieve neuroinflammation-mediated neurodegeneration in PD, circumventing the adverse side effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuhyon Corwin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, Neuroscience Collaborative Program, Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Allen L Pan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, Neuroscience Collaborative Program, Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Mariela Nunez-Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, Neuroscience Collaborative Program, Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Peter Serrano
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Babich
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria E Figueiredo-Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, Neuroscience Collaborative Program, Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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26
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Fujii S, Sawa T, Motohashi H, Akaike T. Persulfide synthases that are functionally coupled with translation mediate sulfur respiration in mammalian cells. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:607-615. [PMID: 29748969 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine persulfide and polysulfide are produced in cells and exist in abundance in both low MW and protein fractions. However, the mechanism of regulation of the formation of cellular cysteine polysulfides and the physiological functions of cysteine persulfides/polysulfides produced in cells are not fully understood. We recently demonstrated that cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CARS) is a novel cysteine persulfide synthase. CARS is involved in protein polysulfidation that is coupled with translation. In particular, mitochondria function in biogenesis and bioenergetics is also supported and up-regulated by cysteine persulfide derived from mitochondrial CARS (also known as CARS2). Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in reactive persulfide research and our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the formation and the physiological roles of reactive persufides, with a primary focus on the formation of cysteine persulfide by CARS and the most fundamental mitochondrial bioenergetics mediated by persulfides, that is, sulfur respiration. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Chemical Biology of Reactive Sulfur Species. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigemoto Fujii
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, IDAC, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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27
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Viedma-Poyatos Á, de Pablo Y, Pekny M, Pérez-Sala D. The cysteine residue of glial fibrillary acidic protein is a critical target for lipoxidation and required for efficient network organization. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:380-394. [PMID: 29635011 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The type III intermediate filament protein glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) contributes to the homeostasis of astrocytes, where it co-polymerizes with vimentin. Conversely, alterations in GFAP assembly or degradation cause intracellular aggregates linked to astrocyte dysfunction and neurological disease. Moreover, injury and inflammation elicit extensive GFAP organization and expression changes, which underline reactive gliosis. Here we have studied GFAP as a target for modification by electrophilic inflammatory mediators. We show that the GFAP cysteine, C294, is targeted by lipoxidation by cyclopentenone prostaglandins (cyPG) in vitro and in cells. Electrophilic modification of GFAP in cells leads to a striking filament rearrangement, with retraction from the cell periphery and juxtanuclear condensation in thick bundles. Importantly, the C294S mutant is resistant to cyPG addition and filament disruption, thus highlighting the critical role of this residue as a sensor of oxidative damage. However, GFAP C294S shows defective or delayed network formation in GFAP-deficient cells, including SW13/cl.2 cells and GFAP- and vimentin-deficient primary astrocytes. Moreover, GFAP C294S does not effectively integrate with and even disrupts vimentin filaments in the short-term. Interestingly, short-spacer bifunctional cysteine crosslinking produces GFAP-vimentin heterodimers, suggesting that a certain proportion of cysteine residues from both proteins are spatially close. Collectively, these results support that the conserved cysteine residue in type III intermediate filament proteins serves as an electrophilic stress sensor and structural element. Therefore, oxidative modifications of this cysteine could contribute to GFAP disruption or aggregation in pathological situations associated with oxidative or electrophilic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Viedma-Poyatos
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, C.S.I.C. Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda de Pablo
- Laboratory of Astrocyte Biology and CNS Regeneration, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9 A, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Milos Pekny
- Laboratory of Astrocyte Biology and CNS Regeneration, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9 A, Gothenburg, Sweden; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, C.S.I.C. Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Moldogazieva NT, Mokhosoev IM, Feldman NB, Lutsenko SV. ROS and RNS signalling: adaptive redox switches through oxidative/nitrosative protein modifications. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:507-543. [PMID: 29589770 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1457217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, a dual character of cell response to oxidative stress, eustress versus distress, has become increasingly recognized. A growing body of evidence indicates that under physiological conditions, low concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) maintained by the activity of endogenous antioxidant system (AOS) allow reversible oxidative/nitrosative modifications of key redox-sensitive residues in regulatory proteins. The reversibility of redox modifications such as Cys S-sulphenylation/S-glutathionylation/S-nitrosylation/S-persulphidation and disulphide bond formation, or Tyr nitration, which occur through electrophilic attack of RONS to nucleophilic groups in amino acid residues provides redox switches in the activities of signalling proteins. Key requirement for the involvement of the redox modifications in RONS signalling including ROS-MAPK, ROS-PI3K/Akt, and RNS-TNF-α/NF-kB signalling is their specificity provided by a residue microenvironment and reaction kinetics. Glutathione, glutathione peroxidases, peroxiredoxins, thioredoxin, glutathione reductases, and glutaredoxins modulate RONS level and cell signalling, while some of the modulators (glutathione, glutathione peroxidases and peroxiredoxins) are themselves targets for redox modifications. Additionally, gene expression, activities of transcription factors, and epigenetic pathways are also under redox regulation. The present review focuses on RONS sources (NADPH-oxidases, mitochondrial electron-transportation chain (ETC), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), etc.), and their cross-talks, which influence reversible redox modifications of proteins as physiological phenomenon attained by living cells during the evolution to control cell signalling in the oxygen-enriched environment. We discussed recent advances in investigation of mechanisms of protein redox modifications and adaptive redox switches such as MAPK/PI3K/PTEN, Nrf2/Keap1, and NF-κB/IκB, powerful regulators of numerous physiological processes, also implicated in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N T Moldogazieva
- a Department of Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) , Moscow , Russia
| | - I M Mokhosoev
- a Department of Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) , Moscow , Russia
| | - N B Feldman
- a Department of Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) , Moscow , Russia
| | - S V Lutsenko
- a Department of Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) , Moscow , Russia
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29
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Colin C, Meyer M, Cerella C, Kleinclauss A, Monard G, Boisbrun M, Diederich M, Flament S, Grillier-Vuissoz I, Kuntz S. Biotinylation enhances the anticancer effects of 15d‑PGJ2 against breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1991-2000. [PMID: 29620161 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
15-Deoxy-∆12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d‑PGJ2) is a natural agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) that displays anticancer activity. Various studies have indicated that the effects of 15d‑PGJ2 are due to both PPARγ-dependent and -independent mechanisms. In the present study, we examined the effects of a biotinylated form of 15d‑PGJ2 (b‑15d‑PGJ2) on hormone-dependent MCF‑7 and triple‑negative MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cell lines. b‑15d‑PGJ2 inhibited cell proliferation more efficiently than 15d‑PGJ2 or the synthetic PPARγ agonist, efatutazone. b‑15d‑PGJ2 was also more potent than its non-biotinylated counterpart in inducing apoptosis. We then analyzed the mechanisms underlying this improved efficiency. It was found not to be the result of biotin receptor-mediated increased incorporation, since free biotin in the culture medium did not decrease the anti-proliferative activity of b‑15d‑PGJ2 in competition assays. Of note, b‑15d‑PGJ2 displayed an improved PPARγ agonist activity, as measured by transactivation experiments. Molecular docking analyses revealed a similar insertion of b‑15d‑PGJ2 and 15d‑PGJ2 into the ligand binding domain of PPARγ via a covalent bond with Cys285. Finally, PPARγ silencing markedly decreased the cleavage of the apoptotic markers, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP‑1) and caspase‑7, that usually occurs following b‑15d‑PGJ2 treatment. Taken together, our data indicate that biotinylation enhances the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity of 15d‑PGJ2, and that this effect is partly mediated via a PPARγ-dependent pathway. These results may aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxime Meyer
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, L2CM, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Claudia Cerella
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer, Kirchberg Hospital, L‑2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | | | - Gérald Monard
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151‑742, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Sandra Kuntz
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, F-54000 Nancy, France
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30
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Villacorta L, Minarrieta L, Salvatore SR, Khoo NK, Rom O, Gao Z, Berman RC, Jobbagy S, Li L, Woodcock SR, Chen YE, Freeman BA, Ferreira AM, Schopfer FJ, Vitturi DA. In situ generation, metabolism and immunomodulatory signaling actions of nitro-conjugated linoleic acid in a murine model of inflammation. Redox Biol 2018; 15:522-531. [PMID: 29413964 PMCID: PMC5881417 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a prime substrate for intra-gastric nitration giving rise to the formation of nitro-conjugated linoleic acid (NO2-CLA). Herein, NO2-CLA generation is demonstrated within the context of acute inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo. Macrophage activation resulted in dose- and time-dependent CLA nitration and also in the production of secondary electrophilic and non-electrophilic derivatives. Both exogenous NO2-CLA as well as that generated in situ, attenuated NF-κB-dependent gene expression, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine production and up-regulated Nrf2-regulated proteins. Importantly, both CLA nitration and the corresponding downstream anti-inflammatory actions of NO2-CLA were recapitulated in a mouse peritonitis model where NO2-CLA administration decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited leukocyte recruitment. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the formation of NO2-CLA has the potential to function as an adaptive response capable of not only modulating inflammation amplitude but also protecting neighboring tissues via the expression of Nrf2-dependent genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Villacorta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Lucia Minarrieta
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química y Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sonia R Salvatore
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nicholas K Khoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Oren Rom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rebecca C Berman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Soma Jobbagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven R Woodcock
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ana M Ferreira
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química y Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dario A Vitturi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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31
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Prostaglandin J2 promotes O-GlcNAcylation raising APP processing by α- and β-secretases: relevance to Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 62:130-145. [PMID: 29149631 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing by α- and β-secretases is of special interest to Alzheimer's disease (AD), as these proteases prevent or mediate amyloid beta formation, respectively. Neuroinflammation is also implicated in AD. Our data demonstrate that the endogenous mediator of inflammation prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2) promotes full-length APP (FL-APP) processing by α- and β-secretases. The decrease in FL-APP was independent of proteasomal, lysosomal, calpain, caspase, and γ-secretase activities. Moreover, PGJ2-treatment promoted cleavage of secreted APP, specifically sAPPα and sAPPβ, generated by α and β-secretase, respectively. Notably, PGJ2-treatment induced caspase-dependent cleavage of sAPPβ. Mechanistically, PGJ2-treatment selectively diminished mature (O- and N-glycosylated) but not immature (N-glycosylated only) FL-APP. PGJ2-treatment also increased the overall levels of protein O-GlcNAcylation, which occurs within the nucleocytoplasmic compartment. It is known that APP undergoes O-GlcNAcylation and that the latter protects proteins from proteasomal degradation. Our results suggest that by increasing protein O-GlcNAcylation levels, PGJ2 renders mature APP less prone to proteasomal degradation, thus shunting APP toward processing by α- and β-secretases.
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32
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Takahashi K, Arai Y, Honda T. The formal synthesis of (+)-15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2: Controlling exo-olefin geometry via SmI2-mediated cyclization. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Ihara H, Kasamatsu S, Kitamura A, Nishimura A, Tsutsuki H, Ida T, Ishizaki K, Toyama T, Yoshida E, Abdul Hamid H, Jung M, Matsunaga T, Fujii S, Sawa T, Nishida M, Kumagai Y, Akaike T. Exposure to Electrophiles Impairs Reactive Persulfide-Dependent Redox Signaling in Neuronal Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:1673-1684. [PMID: 28837763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Electrophiles such as methylmercury (MeHg) affect cellular functions by covalent modification with endogenous thiols. Reactive persulfide species were recently reported to mediate antioxidant responses and redox signaling because of their strong nucleophilicity. In this study, we used MeHg as an environmental electrophile and found that exposure of cells to the exogenous electrophile elevated intracellular concentrations of the endogenous electrophilic molecule 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-nitro-cGMP), accompanied by depletion of reactive persulfide species and 8-SH-cGMP which is a metabolite of 8-nitro-cGMP. Exposure to MeHg also induced S-guanylation and activation of H-Ras followed by injury to cerebellar granule neurons. The electrophile-induced activation of redox signaling and the consequent cell damage were attenuated by pretreatment with a reactive persulfide species donor. In conclusion, exogenous electrophiles such as MeHg with strong electrophilicity impair the redox signaling regulatory mechanism, particularly of intracellular reactive persulfide species and therefore lead to cellular pathogenesis. Our results suggest that reactive persulfide species may be potential therapeutic targets for attenuating cell injury by electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University , Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University , Osaka 599-8531, Japan.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kitamura
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University , Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akira Nishimura
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Tsutsuki
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ida
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kento Ishizaki
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University , Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyama
- Environmental Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Eiko Yoshida
- Environmental Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hisyam Abdul Hamid
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus , 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Minkyung Jung
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Matsunaga
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shigemoto Fujii
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience), National Institutes of Natural Sciences , Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kumagai
- Environmental Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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34
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Kiprowska MJ, Stepanova A, Todaro DR, Galkin A, Haas A, Wilson SM, Figueiredo-Pereira ME. Neurotoxic mechanisms by which the USP14 inhibitor IU1 depletes ubiquitinated proteins and Tau in rat cerebral cortical neurons: Relevance to Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1157-1170. [PMID: 28372990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease proteasome activity is reportedly downregulated, thus increasing it could be therapeutically beneficial. The proteasome-associated deubiquitinase USP14 disassembles polyubiquitin-chains, potentially delaying proteasome-dependent protein degradation. We assessed the protective efficacy of inhibiting or downregulating USP14 in rat and mouse (Usp14axJ) neuronal cultures treated with prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2). IU1 concentrations (HIU1>25μM) reported by others to inhibit USP14 and be protective in non-neuronal cells, reduced PGJ2-induced Ub-protein accumulation in neurons. However, HIU1 alone or with PGJ2 is neurotoxic, induces calpain-dependent Tau cleavage, and decreases E1~Ub thioester levels and 26S proteasome assembly, which are energy-dependent processes. We attribute the two latter HIU1 effects to ATP-deficits and mitochondrial Complex I inhibition, as shown herein. These HIU1 effects mimic those of mitochondrial inhibitors in general, thus supporting that ATP-depletion is a major mediator of HIU1-actions. In contrast, low IU1 concentrations (LIU1≤25μM) or USP14 knockdown by siRNA in rat cortical cultures or loss of USP14 in cortical cultures from ataxia (Usp14axJ) mice, failed to prevent PGJ2-induced Ub-protein accumulation. PGJ2 alone induces Ub-protein accumulation and decreases E1~Ub thioester levels. This seemingly paradoxical result may be attributed to PGJ2 inhibiting some deubiquitinases (such as UCH-L1 but not USP14), thus triggering Ub-protein stabilization. Overall, IU1-concentrations that reduce PGJ2-induced accumulation of Ub-proteins are neurotoxic, trigger calpain-mediated Tau cleavage, lower ATP, E1~Ub thioester and E1 protein levels, and reduce proteasome activity. In conclusion, pharmacologically inhibiting (with low or high IU1 concentrations) or genetically down-regulating USP14 fail to enhance proteasomal degradation of Ub-proteins or Tau in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena J Kiprowska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, Biology and Biochemistry Programs, Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anna Stepanova
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom; N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Dustin R Todaro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Alexander Galkin
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom; Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Arthur Haas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Scott M Wilson
- Department of Neurobiology, Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Maria E Figueiredo-Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, Biology and Biochemistry Programs, Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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35
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Physiological and Pathological Roles of 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J2 in the Central Nervous System and Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:2227-2248. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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36
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Ladin DA, Soliman E, Escobedo R, Fitzgerald TL, Yang LV, Burns C, Van Dross R. Synthesis and Evaluation of the Novel Prostamide, 15-Deoxy, Δ 12,14-Prostamide J 2, as a Selective Antitumor Therapeutic. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:838-849. [PMID: 28292936 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
15-deoxy, Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2-ethanolamide, also known as 15-deoxy, Δ12,14-prostamide J2 (15d-PMJ2) is a novel product of the metabolism of arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA) by COX-2. 15d-PMJ2 preferentially induced cell death and apoptosis in tumorigenic A431 keratinocytes and B16F10 melanoma cells compared with nontumorigenic HaCaT keratinocytes and Melan-A melanocytes. Activation of the ER stress execution proteins, PERK and CHOP10, was evaluated to determine whether this process was involved in 15d-PMJ2 cell death. 15d-PMJ2 increased the phosphorylation of PERK and expression of CHOP10 in tumorigenic but not nontumorigenic cells. The known ER stress inhibitors, salubrinal and 4-phenylbutaric acid, significantly inhibited 15d-PMJ2-mediated apoptosis, suggesting ER stress as a primary apoptotic mediator. Furthermore, the reactive double bond present within the cyclopentenone structure of 15d-PMJ2 was identified as a required moiety for the induction of ER stress apoptosis. The effect of 15d-PMJ2 on B16F10 melanoma growth was also evaluated by dosing C57BL/6 mice with 0.5 mg/kg 15d-PMJ2 Tumors of animals treated with 15d-PMJ2 exhibited significantly reduced growth and mean weights compared with vehicle and untreated animals. TUNEL and IHC analysis of tumor tissues showed significant cell death and ER stress in tumors of 15d-PMJ2-treated compared with control group animals. Taken together, these findings suggest that the novel prostamide, 15d-PMJ2, possesses potent antitumor activity in vitro and in vivoMol Cancer Ther; 16(5); 838-49. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Ladin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Eman Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Rene Escobedo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | | | - Li V Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Colin Burns
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Rukiyah Van Dross
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina.
- Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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37
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Lu J, Guo S, Xue X, Chen Q, Ge J, Zhuo Y, Zhong H, Chen B, Zhao M, Han W, Suzuki T, Zhu M, Xia L, Schneider C, Blackwell TS, Porter NA, Zheng L, Tsimikas S, Yin H. Identification of a novel series of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative phospholipid oxidation products containing the cyclopentenone moiety in vitro and in vivo: Implication in atherosclerosis. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:5378-5391. [PMID: 28202546 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.751909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are two major contributing factors to atherosclerosis, a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Oxidation of phospholipids on the surface of low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles generated under oxidative stress has been associated with the progression of atherosclerosis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly defined. We identified a novel series of oxidation products containing the cyclopentenone moiety, termed deoxy-A2/J2-isoprostanes-phosphocholine, from 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in vivo using mass spectrometry and by comparison to a chemically synthesized standard. Transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) demonstrated that these compounds affected >200 genes in bone marrow-derived macrophages, and genes associated with inflammatory and anti-oxidative responses are among the top 5 differentially expressed. To further investigate the biological relevance of these novel oxidized phospholipids in atherosclerosis, we chemically synthesized a representative compound 1-palmitoyl-2-15-deoxy-δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (15d-PGJ2-PC) and found that it induced anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant responses in macrophages through modulation of NF-κB, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and Nrf2 pathways; this compound also showed potent anti-inflammatory properties in a mice model of LPS-induced systematic inflammatory response syndrome. Additionally, 15d-PGJ2-PC inhibited macrophage foam cell formation, suggesting a beneficial role against atherosclerosis. These properties were consistent with decreased levels of these compounds in the plasma of patients with coronary heart disease compared with control subjects. Our findings uncovered a novel molecular mechanism for the negative regulation of inflammation and positive enhancement of anti-oxidative responses in macrophages by these oxidized phospholipids in LDL in the context of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Lu
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Shuyuan Guo
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100000, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinli Xue
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Qun Chen
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Jing Ge
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yujuan Zhuo
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100000, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Huiqin Zhong
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Buxing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | | | - Takashi Suzuki
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology
| | - Mingjiang Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Lin Xia
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Claus Schneider
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology
| | - Timothy S Blackwell
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Cancer Biology, and.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Ned A Porter
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, and
| | - Lemin Zheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sotirios Tsimikas
- Department of Medicine, Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Huiyong Yin
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China, .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100000, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
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Redox Signaling Regulated by Cysteine Persulfide and Protein Polysulfidation. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21121721. [PMID: 27983699 PMCID: PMC6273478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, reactive persulfide species including cysteine persulfide (CysSSH) have been known to exist endogenously in organisms. However, the physiological significance of endogenous persulfides remains poorly understood. That cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase produced CysSSH from cystine was recently demonstrated. An endogenous sulfur transfer system involving CysSSH evidently generates glutathione persulfide (GSSH) that exists at concentrations greater than 100 μM in vivo. Because reactive persulfide species such as CysSSH and GSSH have higher nucleophilicity than parental cysteine (Cys) and glutathione do, these reactive species exhibit strong scavenging activities against oxidants, e.g., hydrogen peroxide, and electrophiles, which contributes to redox signaling regulation. Also, several papers indicated that various proteins and enzymes have Cys polysulfides including CysSSH at their specific Cys residues, which is called protein polysulfidation. Apart from the redox signaling regulatory mechanism, another plausible function of protein polysulfidation is providing protection for protein thiol residues against irreversible chemical modification caused by oxidants and electrophiles. Elucidation of the redox signaling regulatory mechanism of reactive persulfide species including small thiol molecules and thiol-containing proteins should lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies and drug discoveries for oxidative and electrophilic stress-related diseases.
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Nishina T, Deguchi Y, Miura R, Yamazaki S, Shinkai Y, Kojima Y, Okumura K, Kumagai Y, Nakano H. Critical Contribution of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (NRF2) to Electrophile-induced Interleukin-11 Production. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:205-216. [PMID: 27872193 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.744755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in protection of cells from electrophile-induced toxicity through up-regulating phase II detoxifying enzymes and phase III transporters. We previously reported that oxidative stress induces up-regulation of interleukin-11 (IL-11), a member of the IL-6 family that ameliorates acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity. However, a role for IL-11 in protection of cells from electrophile-induced toxicity remains unclear. Here we show that an environmental electrophile, 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NQ), but not 15d-prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2) or tert-butylhydroxyquinone (tBHQ), induced IL-11 production. Consistent with a crucial role for prolonged ERK activation in H2O2-induced IL-11 production, 1,2-NQ, but not 15d-PGJ2 or tBHQ, elicited prolonged ERK activation. Conversely, inhibition of the ERK pathway by a MEK inhibitor completely blocked 1,2-NQ-induced IL-11 production at both protein and mRNA levels, further substantiating an intimate cross-talk between ERK activation and 1,2-NQ-induced IL-11 production. Promoter analysis of the Il11 gene revealed that two AP-1 sites were essential for 1,2-NQ-induced promoter activities. Among various members of the AP-1 family, Fra-1 was up-regulated by 1,2-NQ, and its up-regulation was blocked by a MEK inhibitor. Although NRF2 was not required for H2O2-induced IL11 up-regulation, NRF2 was essential for 1,2-NQ-induced IL11 up-regulation by increasing Fra-1 proteins possibly through promoting mRNA translation of FOSL1 Finally, intraperitoneal administration of 1,2-NQ induced body weight loss in wild-type mice, which was further exacerbated in Il11ra1-/- mice compared with Il11ra1+/- mice. Together, both Fra-1 and NRF2 play crucial roles in IL-11 production that protects cells from 1,2-NQ intestinal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishina
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540
| | - Yutaka Deguchi
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540
| | - Ryosuke Miura
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540.,the Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585
| | - Soh Yamazaki
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540
| | - Yasuhiro Shinkai
- the Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575
| | - Yuko Kojima
- the Laboratory of Morphology and Image Analysis, Biomedical Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, and
| | - Ko Okumura
- the Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kumagai
- the Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575
| | - Hiroyasu Nakano
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540,
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Fujii S, Sawa T, Nishida M, Ihara H, Ida T, Motohashi H, Akaike T. Redox signaling regulated by an electrophilic cyclic nucleotide and reactive cysteine persulfides. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 595:140-6. [PMID: 27095231 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen (oxidant) and free radical species are known to cause nonspecific damage of various biological molecules. The oxidant toxicology is developing an emerging concept of the physiological functions of reactive oxygen species in cell signaling regulation. Redox signaling is precisely modulated by endogenous electrophilic substances that are generated from reactive oxygen species during cellular oxidative stress responses. Among diverse electrophilic molecular species that are endogenously generated, 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-nitro-cGMP) is a unique second messenger whose formation, signaling, and metabolism in cells was recently clarified. Most important, our current studies revealed that reactive cysteine persulfides that are formed abundantly in cells are critically involved in the metabolism of 8-nitro-cGMP. Modern redox biology involves frontiers of cell research and stem cell research; medical and clinical investigations of infections, cancer, metabolic syndrome, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases; and other fields. 8-Nitro-cGMP-mediated signaling and metabolism in cells may therefore be potential targets for drug development, which may lead to discovery of new therapeutic agents for many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigemoto Fujii
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; Department of Translational Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ida
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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Bromberg PA. Mechanisms of the acute effects of inhaled ozone in humans. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2771-81. [PMID: 27451958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ambient air ozone (O3) is generated photochemically from oxides of nitrogen and volatile hydrocarbons. Inhaled O3 causes remarkably reversible acute lung function changes and inflammation. Approximately 80% of inhaled O3 is deposited on the airways. O3 reacts rapidly with CC double bonds in hydrophobic airway and alveolar surfactant-associated phospholipids and cholesterol. Resultant primary ozonides further react to generate bioactive hydrophilic products that also initiate lipid peroxidation leading to eicosanoids and isoprostanes of varying electrophilicity. Airway surface liquid ascorbate and urate also scavenge O3. Thus, inhaled O3 may not interact directly with epithelial cells. Acute O3-induced lung function changes are dominated by involuntary inhibition of inspiration (rather than bronchoconstriction), mediated by stimulation of intraepithelial nociceptive vagal C-fibers via activation of transient receptor potential (TRP) A1 cation channels by electrophile (e.g., 4-oxo-nonenal) adduction of TRPA1 thiolates enhanced by PGE2-stimulated sensitization. Acute O3-induced neutrophilic airways inflammation develops more slowly than the lung function changes. Surface macrophages and epithelial cells are involved in the activation of epithelial NFkB and generation of proinflammatory mediators such as IL-6, IL-8, TNFa, IL-1b, ICAM-1, E-selectin and PGE2. O3-induced partial depolymerization of hyaluronic acid and the release of peroxiredoxin-1 activate macrophage TLR4 while oxidative epithelial cell release of EGFR ligands such as TGFa or EGFR transactivation by activated Src may also be involved. The ability of lipid ozonation to generate potent electrophiles also provides pathways for Nrf2 activation and inhibition of canonical NFkB activation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Air Pollution, edited by Wenjun Ding, Andrew J. Ghio and Weidong Wu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Bromberg
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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Simeonov SP, Nunes JPM, Guerra K, Kurteva VB, Afonso CAM. Synthesis of Chiral Cyclopentenones. Chem Rev 2016; 116:5744-893. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500504w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svilen P. Simeonov
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str, bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - João P. M. Nunes
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Krassimira Guerra
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vanya B. Kurteva
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str, bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Carlos A. M. Afonso
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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Fullerton JN, Gilroy DW. Resolution of inflammation: a new therapeutic frontier. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2016; 15:551-67. [PMID: 27020098 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 565] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated inflammation is a central pathological process in diverse disease states. Traditionally, therapeutic approaches have sought to modulate the pro- or anti-inflammatory limbs of inflammation, with mixed success. However, insight into the pathways by which inflammation is resolved has highlighted novel opportunities to pharmacologically manipulate these processes - a strategy that might represent a complementary (and perhaps even superior) therapeutic approach. This Review discusses the state of the art in the biology of resolution of inflammation, highlighting the opportunities and challenges for translational research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Fullerton
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Division of Medicine, 5 University Street, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Derek W Gilroy
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Division of Medicine, 5 University Street, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
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Nishida M, Kumagai Y, Ihara H, Fujii S, Motohashi H, Akaike T. Redox signaling regulated by electrophiles and reactive sulfur species. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 58:91-8. [PMID: 27013774 PMCID: PMC4788399 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.15-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox signaling is a key modulator of oxidative stress induced by nonspecific insults of biological molecules generated by reactive oxygen species. Current redox biology is revisiting the traditional concept of oxidative stress, such that toxic effects of reactive oxygen species are protected by diverse antioxidant systems upregulated by oxidative stress responses that are physiologically mediated by redox-dependent cell signaling pathways. Redox signaling is thus precisely regulated by endogenous electrophilic substances that are generated from reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and its derivative reactive species during stress responses. Among electrophiles formed endogenously, 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-nitro-cGMP) has unique cell signaling functions, and pathways for its biosynthesis, signaling mechanism, and metabolism in cells have been clarified. Reactive sulfur species such as cysteine hydropersulfides that are abundant in cells are likely involved in 8-nitro-cGMP metabolism. These new aspects of redox biology may stimulate innovative and multidisciplinary research in cell and stem cell biology; infectious diseases, cancer, metabolic syndrome, ageing, and neurodegenerative diseases; and other oxidative stress-related disorders. This review focuses on the most recent progress in the biosynthesis, cell signaling, and metabolism of 8-nitro-cGMP, which is a likely target for drug development and lead to discovery of novel therapeutics for many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Nishida
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan; Department of Translational Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kumagai
- Environmental Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shigemoto Fujii
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Identification of a prostaglandin D2 metabolite as a neuritogenesis enhancer targeting the TRPV1 ion channel. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21261. [PMID: 26879669 PMCID: PMC4754695 DOI: 10.1038/srep21261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells play important roles in allergic inflammation by secreting various mediators. In the present study, based on the finding that the medium conditioned by activated RBL-2H3 mast cells enhanced the nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neuritogenesis of PC12 cells, we attempted to isolate an active compound from the mast cell conditioned culture medium. Our experiment identified 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2), one of the PGD2 metabolites, as a potential enhancer of neuritogenesis. 15d-PGJ2 strongly enhanced the neuritogenesis elicited by a low-concentration of NGF that alone was insufficient to induce the neuronal differentiation. This 15d-PGJ2 effect was exerted in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, but independently of the NGF receptor TrkA. Importantly, 15d-PGJ2 activated the transient receptor potential vanilloid-type 1 (TRPV1), a non-selective cation channel, leading to the Ca(2+) influx. In addition, we observed that (i) NGF promoted the insertion of TRPV1 into the cell surface membrane and (ii) 15d-PGJ2 covalently bound to TRPV1. These findings suggest that the NGF/15d-PGJ2-induced neuritogenesis may be regulated by two sets of mechanisms, one for the translocation of TRPV1 into the cell surface by NGF and one for the activation of TRPV1 by 15d-PGJ2. Thus, there is most likely a link between allergic inflammation and activation of the neuronal differentiation.
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Koyani CN, Kitz K, Rossmann C, Bernhart E, Huber E, Trummer C, Windischhofer W, Sattler W, Malle E. Activation of the MAPK/Akt/Nrf2-Egr1/HO-1-GCLc axis protects MG-63 osteosarcoma cells against 15d-PGJ2-mediated cell death. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 104:29-41. [PMID: 26801686 PMCID: PMC4782222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts to improve treatment modalities for osteosarcoma (OS), patient survival remains poor mainly due to pro-survival pathways in OS cells. Among others, prostaglandins (PGs) are the potent regulators of bone homoeostasis and OS pathophysiology. Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the impact of 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2, a stable PGD2 degradation product) on cell death/cell survival pathways in p53-deficient MG-63 OS cells. Our findings show that 15d-PGJ2 induces generation of reactive oxygen species that promote p38 MAPK activation and subsequent Akt phosphorylation. This pathway induced nuclear expression of Nrf2 and Egr1, and increased transcription of haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCLc), catalysing the first step in GSH synthesis. Silencing of Nrf2, Egr1 and HO-1 significantly elevated 15d-PGJ2-mediated reduction of cellular metabolic activity. Activation of cell survival genes including HO-1 and GCLc inhibited 15d-PGJ2-induced cleavage of pro-caspase-3 and PARP. Annexin V/propidium iodide staining showed an increase in early/late apoptotic cells in response to 15d-PGJ2. The observed 15d-PGJ2-mediated signalling events are independent of PGD2 receptors (DP1 and DP2) and PPARγ. In addition, the electrophilic carbon atom C9 is a prerequisite for the observed activity of 15d-PGJ2. The present data show that the intracellular redox imbalance acted as a node and triggered both death and survival pathways in response to 15d-PGJ2. Pharmacological or genetic interference of the pro-survival pathway, the p38 MAPK/Akt/Nrf2-Egr1/HO-1-GCLc axis, sensitizes MG-63 cells towards 15d-PGJ2-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintan N Koyani
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kerstin Kitz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Research Unit of Osteological Research and Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Rossmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Bernhart
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Evelyn Huber
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Research Unit of Osteological Research and Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christopher Trummer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Werner Windischhofer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Research Unit of Osteological Research and Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sattler
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Malle
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Figueiredo-Pereira ME, Corwin C, Babich J. Prostaglandin J2: a potential target for halting inflammation-induced neurodegeneration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1363:125-37. [PMID: 26748744 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) are produced via cyclooxygenases, which are enzymes that play a major role in neuroinflammation. Epidemiological studies show that chronic treatment with low levels of cyclooxygenase inhibitors (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)) lowers the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) by as much as 50%. Unfortunately, inhibiting cyclooxygenases with NSAIDs blocks the synthesis of downstream neuroprotective and neurotoxic PGs, thus producing adverse side effects. We focus on prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2) because it is highly neurotoxic compared to PGA1, D2, and E2. Unlike other PGs, PGJ2 and its metabolites have a cyclopentenone ring with reactive α,β-unsaturated carbonyl groups that form covalent Michael adducts with key cysteines in proteins and GSH. Cysteine-binding electrophiles such as PGJ2 are considered to play an important role in determining whether neurons will live or die. We discuss in vitro and in vivo studies showing that PGJ2 induces pathological processes relevant to neurodegenerative disorders such as AD and PD. Further, we discuss our work showing that increasing intracellular cAMP with the lipophilic peptide PACAP27 counteracts some of the PGJ2-induced detrimental effects. New therapeutic strategies that neutralize the effects of specific neurotoxic PGs downstream from cyclooxygenases could have a significant impact on the treatment of chronic neurodegenerative disorders with fewer adverse side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuhyon Corwin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, New York
| | - John Babich
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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Chen K, Dai W, Wang F, Xia Y, Li J, Li S, Liu T, Zhang R, Wang J, Lu W, Zhou Y, Yin Q, Zheng Y, Abudumijiti H, Chen R, Lu J, Zhou Y, Guo C. Inhibitive effects of 15-deoxy-Δ(12),(14)-prostaglandin J2 on hepatoma-cell proliferation through reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3585-93. [PMID: 26664142 PMCID: PMC4671813 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s92832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis in many malignant cells, which has not been studied in hepatoma cells. In this study, we investigated whether 15d-PGJ2 induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with ROS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The LM3, SMMC-7721, and Huh-7 HCC cell lines were treated with 15d-PGJ2 (5-40 μM) for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cholecystokinin 8 was used to detect the cytotoxicity of 15d-PGJ2. Flow cytometry, Hoechst staining, and Western blotting were used to analyze apoptosis. ROS were combined with the fluorescent probe dihydroethidium and then observed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Activation of JNK and expression of Akt were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS 15d-PGJ2 inhibited HCC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Apoptosis was mainly induced via an intrinsic pathway and was ROS-dependent, and was alleviated by ROS scavengers. ROS induced JNK activation and Akt downregulation in HCC cells. CONCLUSION 15d-PGJ2 induced ROS in HCC cell lines, and inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis were partly ROS-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huerxidan Abudumijiti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongxia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Soliman E, Van Dross R. Anandamide-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis are mediated by oxidative stress in non-melanoma skin cancer: Receptor-independent endocannabinoid signaling. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:1807-1821. [PMID: 26513129 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids are neuromodulatory lipids that regulate central and peripheral physiological functions. Endocannabinoids have emerged as effective antitumor drugs due to their ability to induce apoptosis in various cancer studies. The G-protein coupled cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and the TRPV1 ion channel were reported to mediate the antiproliferative activity of endocannabinoids. However, receptor-independent effects also account for their activity. Our previous studies showed that the antiproliferative activity of anandamide (AEA) was regulated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) via induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We also determined that AEA induced oxidative stress. However, the role of oxidative stress, the cannabinoid receptors, and TRPV1 in AEA-induced ER stress-apoptosis was unclear. Therefore, the current study examines the role of oxidative stress in ER stress-apoptosis and investigates whether this effect is modulated by CB1, CB2, or TRPV1. In non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) cells, AEA reduced the total intracellular level of glutathione and induced oxidative stress. To evaluate the importance of oxidative stress in AEA-induced cell death, the antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Trolox, were utilized. Each antioxidant ameliorated the antiproliferative effect of AEA. Furthermore, Trolox inhibited AEA-induced CHOP10 expression and caspase 3 activity, indicating that oxidative stress was required for AEA-induced ER stress-apoptosis. On the other hand, selective blockade of CB1, CB2, and TRPV1 did not inhibit AEA-induced oxidative stress or ER stress-apoptosis. These findings suggest that AEA-induced ER stress-apoptosis in NMSC cells is mediated by oxidative stress through a receptor-independent mechanism. Hence, receptor-independent AEA signaling pathways may be targeted to eliminate NMSC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Rukiyah Van Dross
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina.
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Pathophysiological Roles of Cyclooxygenases and Prostaglandins in the Central Nervous System. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:4754-71. [PMID: 26328537 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenases (COXs) oxidize arachidonic acid to prostaglandin (PG) G2 and H2 followed by PG synthases that generates PGs and thromboxane (TX) A2. COXs are divided into COX-1 and COX-2. In the central nervous system, COX-1 is constitutively expressed in neurons, astrocytes, and microglial cells. COX-2 is upregulated in these cells under pathophysiological conditions. In hippocampal long-term potentiation, COX-2, PGE synthase, and PGE2 are induced in post-synaptic neurons. PGE2 acts pre-synaptic EP2 receptor, generates cAMP, stimulates protein kinase A, modulates voltage-dependent calcium channel, facilitates glutamatergic synaptic transmission, and potentiates long-term plasticity. PGD2, PGE2, and PGI2 exhibit neuroprotective effects via Gs-coupled DP1, EP2/EP4, and IP receptors, respectively. COX-2, PGD2, PGE2, PGF2α, and TXA2 are elevated in stroke. COX-2 inhibitors exhibit neuroprotective effects in vivo and in vitro models of stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, and schizophrenia, suggesting neurotoxicities of COX products. PGE2, PGF2α, and TXA2 can contribute to the neurodegeneration via EP1, FP, and TP receptors, respectively, which are coupled with Gq, stimulate phospholipase C and cleave phosphatidylinositol diphosphate to produce inositol triphosphate and diacylglycerol. Inositol triphosphate binds to inositol triphosphate receptor in endoplasmic reticulum, releases calcium, and results in increasing intracellular calcium concentrations. Diacylglycerol activates calcium-dependent protein kinases. PGE2 disrupts Ca(2+) homeostasis by impairing Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchange via EP1, resulting in the excess Ca(2+) accumulation. Neither PGE2, PGF2α, nor TXA2 causes neuronal cell death by itself, suggesting that they might enhance the ischemia-induced neurodegeneration. Alternatively, PGE2 is non-enzymatically dehydrated to a cyclopentenone PGA2, which induces neuronal cell death. Although PGD2 induces neuronal apoptosis after a lag time, neither DP1 nor DP2 is involved in the neurotoxicity. As well as PGE2, PGD2 is non-enzymatically dehydrated to a cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-PGJ2, which induces neuronal apoptosis without a lag time. However, neurotoxicities of these cyclopentenones are independent of their receptors. The COX-2 inhibitor inhibits both the anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth of glioma cell lines regardless of COX-2 expression, suggesting that some COX-2-independent mechanisms underlie the antineoplastic effect of the inhibitor. PGE2 attenuates this antineoplastic effect, suggesting that the predominant mechanism is COX-dependent. COX-2 or EP1 inhibitors show anti-neoplastic effects. Thus, our review presents evidences for pathophysiological roles of cyclooxygenases and prostaglandins in the central nervous system.
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