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Plenge-Tellechea F, Domínguez-Solís CA, Díaz-Sánchez ÁG, Meléndez-Martínez D, Vargas-Medrano J, Sierra-Fonseca JA. Chlorpromazine and dimethyl sulfoxide modulate the catalytic activity of the plasma membrane Ca 2+-ATPase from human erythrocyte. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2018; 50:59-69. [PMID: 29313294 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-017-9741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) removes Ca2+ from the cytosol into the extracellular space. Its catalytic activity can be stimulated by calmodulin (CaM) or by limited proteolysis. We evaluated the effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) over the hydrolytic activity of PMCA. Activity was monitored in three different forms: native, CaM-activated and proteolyzed by trypsin. CPZ appears to inhibit PMCA without directly interfering with the C-terminal site, since it is affected by CaM and proteolysis. Although the treatment of PMCA with trypsin and CaM produces an activation, it also produces an enzymatic form that is more sensitive to inhibition by CPZ. The same case was observed in the DMSO inhibition experiments. In the absence of CPZ, DMSO produces a progressive loss of activity, but in the presence of CPZ the profile of activity against DMSO changes and produces a recovery of activity, indicating a possible partition of CPZ by the solvent. Increasing Ca2+ concentrations indicated that CPZ interacts with PMCA rather than with CaM. This observation is supported by docking analysis that suggests that the CPZ-PMCA interaction is non-competitive. We propose that CPZ interacts with the state of lower affinity for Ca2 +.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Plenge-Tellechea
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica (Edif. T-216), Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, C. P. 32310, Ciudad Juárez, CHI, Mexico. .,Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Plutarco Elías Calles #1210, Fovissste Chamizal, Ciudad Juárez, C.P. 32310, Chihuahua, Mexico.
| | - Carlos A Domínguez-Solís
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica (Edif. T-216), Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, C. P. 32310, Ciudad Juárez, CHI, Mexico
| | - Ángel G Díaz-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica (Edif. T-216), Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, C. P. 32310, Ciudad Juárez, CHI, Mexico
| | - David Meléndez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica (Edif. T-216), Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, C. P. 32310, Ciudad Juárez, CHI, Mexico
| | - Javier Vargas-Medrano
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica (Edif. T-216), Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, C. P. 32310, Ciudad Juárez, CHI, Mexico.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis for Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Jorge A Sierra-Fonseca
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica (Edif. T-216), Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, C. P. 32310, Ciudad Juárez, CHI, Mexico.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
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Bryndina IG, Shalagina MN, Sekunov AV, Zefirov AL, Petrov AM. Clomipramine counteracts lipid raft disturbance due to short-term muscle disuse. Neurosci Lett 2017; 664:1-6. [PMID: 29126773 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Disuse-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction is a serious consequence of long-term spaceflight, numerous diseases and conditions for which treatment possibilities are still strictly limited. We have previously shown that acute hindlimb suspension (HS)-mediated disuse disrupts membrane lipid rafts in the unloaded muscle. Here, we investigated whether pretreatment of rats with the inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase, clomipramine (1.25mg/g/day, intramuscularly, for 5days before HS), is able to hinder the loss in lipid raft integrity in response to 12h of HS. Clomipramine pretreatment significantly counteracted the decrease in labeling of the plasma membranes with lipid raft markers (fluorescent cholera toxin B subunit and bodipy-GM1-ganglioside) specifically in the junctional regions of the suspended soleus muscle. This was associated with: a) enhancing raft disrupting potential of exogenous sphingomyelinase in the junctional membranes; b) prevention of both ceramide accumulation and cholesterol loss; c) prevention of decline in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor labeling in the unloaded muscle. Our data suggest that sphingomyelinase-mediated raft disturbance serves as one of the earlier events in HS effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G Bryndina
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Izhevsk State Medial Academy, Izhevsk, Kommunarov St. 281, 426034, Russia
| | - Maria N Shalagina
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Izhevsk State Medial Academy, Izhevsk, Kommunarov St. 281, 426034, Russia
| | - Alexey V Sekunov
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Izhevsk State Medial Academy, Izhevsk, Kommunarov St. 281, 426034, Russia
| | - Andrei L Zefirov
- Department of Normal Physiology, Kazan State Medial University, Kazan, Butlerova St. 49, 420012, Russia
| | - Alexey M Petrov
- Department of Normal Physiology, Kazan State Medial University, Kazan, Butlerova St. 49, 420012, Russia; Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 30, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russia.
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Vargas-Medrano J, Sierra-Fonseca JA, Plenge-Tellechea LF. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene affects the formation of the phosphoenzyme stage during the catalytic cycle of the Ca(2+)-ATPase from sarcoplasmic reticulum. BMC BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 17:5. [PMID: 26968444 PMCID: PMC4788898 DOI: 10.1186/s12858-016-0061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,2-Dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCB) is a benzene-derived molecule with two Cl atoms that is commonly utilized in the synthesis of pesticides. 1,2-DCB can be absorbed by living creatures and its effects on naturally-occurring enzymatic systems, including the effects on Ca(2+)-ATPases, have been poorly studied. Therefore, we aimed to study the effect of 1,2-DCB on the Ca(2+)-ATPase from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SERCA), a critical regulator of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. RESULTS Concentrations of 0.05-0.2 mM of 1,2-DCB were able to stimulate the hydrolytic activity of SERCA in a medium-containing Ca(2+)-ionophore. At higher concentrations (0.25-0.75 mM), 1,2-DCB inhibited the ATP hydrolysis to ~80 %. Moreover, ATP hydrolysis and Ca(2+) uptake in a medium supported by K-oxalate showed that starting at 0.05 mM,1,2-DCB was able to uncouple the ratio of hydrolysis/Ca(2+) transported. The effect of this compound on the integrity of the SR membrane loaded with Ca(2+) remained unaffected. Finally, the analysis of phosphorylation of SERCA by [γ-(32)P]ATP, starting under different conditions at 0° or 25 °C showed a reduction in the phosphoenzyme levels by 1,2-DCB, mostly at 0 °C. CONCLUSIONS The temperature-dependent decreased levels of phosphoenzyme by 1,2-DCB could be due to the acceleration of the dephosphorylation mechanism - E2P · Ca2 state to E2 and Pi, which explains the uncoupling of the ATP hydrolysis from the Ca(2+) transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Vargas-Medrano
- Present address: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis for Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Jorge A Sierra-Fonseca
- Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Luis F Plenge-Tellechea
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica (Edif. T-216), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Plutarco Elías Calles #1210 Fovissste Chamizal, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, C.P. 32310, Mexico.
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Pre-clinical study of 21 approved drugs in the mdx mouse. Neuromuscul Disord 2011; 21:313-27. [PMID: 21392993 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a genetic disease caused by the absence of functional dystrophin, remains without adequate treatment. Although great hopes are attached to gene and cell therapies, identification of active small molecules remains a valid option for new treatments. We have studied the effect of 20 approved pharmaceutical compounds on the muscles of dystrophin-deficient mdx5Cv mice. These compounds were selected as the result of a prior screen of 800 approved molecules on a dystrophin mutant of the invertebrate animal model Cænorhabditis elegans. Drugs were administered to the mice through maternal feeding since 2weeks of life and mixed in their food after the 3rd week of life. The effects of the drugs on mice were evaluated both at 6weeks and 16weeks. Each drug was tested at two concentrations. Prednisone was added to the molecule list as a positive control. To investigate treatment efficiency, more than 30 histological, biochemical and functional parameters were recorded. This extensive study reveals that tricyclics (Imipramine and Amitriptyline) are beneficial to the fast muscles of mdx mice. It also highlights a great variability of responses according to time, muscles and assays.
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Chang HC, Huang CC, Huang CJ, Cheng JS, Liu SI, Tsai JY, Chang HT, Huang JK, Chou CT, Jan CR. Desipramine-induced apoptosis in human PC3 prostate cancer cells: Activation of JNK kinase and caspase-3 pathways and a protective role of [Ca2+]i elevation. Toxicology 2008; 250:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Boselli C, Barbone MS, Lucchelli A. Older versus newer antidepressants: Substance P or calcium antagonism? Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 85:1004-11. [DOI: 10.1139/y07-089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Substance P (SP) is possibly involved in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety. We investigated interactions between antidepressants on SP-induced effects and their potential calcium-blocking activity in the isolated guinea pig ileum. All the antidepressants tested, except pargyline, moclobemide, mianserin, and reboxetine, were able to inhibit in a concentration-dependent manner the contraction induced by 100 nmol/L SP. Clomipramine, fluoxetine, maprotiline, and amitriptyline (all at 3 μmol/L) flattened the concentration–response curves to SP, resulting in a reduction of up to 59%, 63%, 32%, and 23%, respectively, of the maximum contractile effect. All the antidepressants tested (3 μmol/L), except pargyline, moclobemide, and mianserin, produced a rightward parallel shift of the concentration–response curve to CaCl2. The L-type selective calcium blocker nifedipine and the T-type selective mibefradil showed similar behaviour against both agonists used, SP and CaCl2. The relative order of potency was nifedipine (pA2, 7.6 ± 0.1) > clomipramine (pA2, 7.0 ± 0.1) > fluoxetine (pKB, 6.5 ± 0.1) = mibefradil (pKB, 6.6 ± 0.1) > amitriptyline (pKB, 6.3 ± 0.1) = maprotiline (pKB, 6.2 ± 0.1) > fluvoxamine (pKB, 5.9 ± 0.1). The data reported in the present study suggest that the antidepressants tested did not behave as competitive antagonists versus NK1-receptor subtypes, but their inhibitory action seems to be related to their calcium-blocking properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Boselli
- Department of Experimental and Applied Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli,14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - M. Santagostino Barbone
- Department of Experimental and Applied Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli,14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Lucchelli
- Department of Experimental and Applied Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli,14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Huang CJ, Cheng HH, Chou CT, Kuo CC, Lu YC, Tseng LL, Chu ST, Hsu SS, Wang JL, Lin KL, Chen IS, Liu SI, Jan CR. Desipramine-induced Ca2+ movement and cytotoxicity in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:449-56. [PMID: 17267168 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Revised: 09/26/2006] [Accepted: 10/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the antidepressant desipramine on intracellular Ca(2+) movement and viability in prostate cancer cells has not been explored previously. The present study examined whether desipramine could alter Ca(2+) handling and viability in human prostate PC3 cancer cells. Cytosolic free Ca(2+) levels ([Ca(2+)](i)) in populations of cells were measured using fura-2 as a probe. Desipramine at concentrations above 10 microM increased [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner. The responses saturated at 300 microM desipramine. The Ca(2+) signal was reduced by half by removing extracellular Ca(2+), but was unaffected by nifedipine, nicardipine, nimodipine, diltiazem or verapamil. In Ca(2+)-free medium, after treatment with 300 microM desipramine, 1 microM thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor) failed to release Ca(2+) from endoplasmic reticulum. Conversely, desipramine failed to release more Ca(2+) after thapsigargin treatment. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 did not affect desipramine-induced Ca(2+) release. Overnight incubation with 10-800 microM desipramine decreased viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Chelation of cytosolic Ca(2+) with BAPTA did not reverse the decreased cell viability. Collectively, the data suggest that in PC3 cells, desipramine induced a [Ca(2+)](i) increase by causing Ca(2+) release from endoplasmic reticulum in a phospholipase C-independent fashion and by inducing Ca(2+) influx. Desipramine decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent, Ca(2+)-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Braun M, Chaloupka V. Carbamazepine induced pitch shift and octave space representation. Hear Res 2005; 210:85-92. [PMID: 16181754 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2005.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2005] [Accepted: 05/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Octave-circular pitch perception, the repetition of pitch scale qualities when surpassing the octave interval, has been observed in behavioral data from humans and monkeys, but the underlying anatomy and physiology is still unknown. Here we analyze octave circularity in a concert pianist with absolute pitch, both under medication with the neurotropic drug carbamazepine (CBZ) and without medication. Analysis of 4619 responses in a pitch identification task revealed an internal tone-scale representation, based on the norm-tone scale re A4=440 Hz, with an octave-circular pattern of strongly and weakly represented tones. CBZ caused a global down-shift of pitch (ca. 1 semitone at 500 Hz), but no down-shift of the octave-circular pattern of tone characteristics. This pattern was similar in the six tested octave ranges (32.7-2093 Hz), both under the control and the CBZ condition. Pattern repetition always occurred at octave intervals and did not reflect the stretched octaves of piano tuning. The results indicate that CBZ influences pitch detection peripheral of an octave-circular pitch representation. Thus they support previous evidence for pitch detection in the auditory midbrain and for octave-circular pitch mapping in the auditory thalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Braun
- Neuroscience of Music, Gansbyn 14, S-67195 Klässbol, Sweden.
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Ho CM, Kuo SY, Chen CH, Huang JK, Jan CR. Effect of desipramine on Ca2+ levels and growth in renal tubular cells. Cell Signal 2005; 17:837-45. [PMID: 15763426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2004.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2004] [Revised: 11/03/2004] [Accepted: 11/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro effect of desipramine on renal tubular cell is unknown. In Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, the effect of desipramine on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured by using fura-2. Desipramine (>25 microM) caused a rapid and sustained rise of [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50=50 microM). Desipramine-induced [Ca2+]i rise was prevented by 40% by removal of extracellular Ca2+ but was not altered by L-type Ca2+ channel blockers. In Ca2+-free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, caused a monophasic [Ca2+]i rise, after which desipramine failed to release more Ca2+; in addition, pretreatment with desipramine partly decreased thapsigargin-induced [Ca2+]i increase. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, did not change desipramine-induced [Ca2+]i rise. Incubation with 10-100 microM desipramine enhances or inhibits cell proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of desipramine on proliferation was not extracellular Ca2+-dependent. Apoptosis appears to contribute to desipramine-induced cell death. Together, these findings suggest that desipramine increases baseline [Ca2+]i in renal tubular cells by evoking both extracellular Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ release, and can cause apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Man Ho
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
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Hsu SS, Huang CJ, Chen JS, Cheng HH, Chang HT, Jiann BP, Lin KL, Wang JL, Ho CM, Jan CR. Effect of Nortriptyline on Intracellular Ca2+ Handling and Proliferation in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 95:124-30. [PMID: 15447736 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2004.950304.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the antidepressant nortriptyline, on bone cells is unknown. In human osteosarcoma MG63 cells, the effect of nortriptyline on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and proliferation was measured by using fura-2 and tetrazolium, respectively. Nortriptyline (> or = 10 microM) caused a [Ca2+]i rise in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50 = 200 microM). Nortriptyline-induced [Ca2+]i rise was prevented by 60% by removal of extracellular Ca2+ but was not altered by voltage-gated Ca2+ channel blockers. In Ca2+ -free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase, caused a monophasic [Ca2+]i rise, after which the increasing effect of nortriptyline on [Ca2+]i was abolished; also, pretreatment with nortriptyline abolished thapsigargin-induced [Ca2+]i increase. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, did not affect nortriptyline-induced [Ca2+]i rise; however, activation of protein kinase C decrease nortriptyline-induced [Ca2+]i rise by 32%. Overnight incubation with 50 and 100 microM nortriptyline killed 78% and 97% of cells, respectively; while 10 microM nortriptyline had no effect. These data suggest that nortriptyline rapidly increases [Ca2+]i in human osteosarcoma cells by stimulating both extracellular Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ release, and is cytotoxic at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Shong Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan 813
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Hsu SS, Chen WC, Lo YK, Cheng JS, Yeh JH, Cheng HH, Chen JS, Chang HT, Jiann BP, Huang JK, Jan CR. EFFECT OF THE ANTIDEPRESSANT MAPROTILINE ON CA2+ MOVEMENT AND PROLIFERATION IN HUMAN PROSTATE CANCER CELLS. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2004; 31:444-9. [PMID: 15236632 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.04024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1. The effect of maprotiline, an antidepressant, on human prostate cells is unclear. In the present study, the effect of maprotiline on [Ca2+]i and growth in PC3 human prostate cancer cells was measured using the fluorescent dyes fura-2 and tetrazolium, respectively. 2. Maprotiline caused a rapid, concentration-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i (EC50 = 200 micromol/L). The maprotiline-induced [Ca2+]i increase was reduced by removal of extracellular Ca2+ or pretreatment with nicardipine. 3. The maprotiline-induced Mn2+ influx-associated fura-2 fluorescence quench directly suggests that maprotiline caused Ca2+ influx. 4. In Ca(2+)-free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase, caused a monophasic [Ca2+]i increase, after which the effects of maprotiline of increasing [Ca2+]i were abolished. In addition, pretreatment with maprotiline reduced a major portion of the thapsigargin-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. 5. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, abolished the ATP (but not maprotiline)-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. 6. Overnight incubation with 1-10 micromol/L maprotiline did not alter cell proliferation, although incubation with 30-50 micromol/L maprotiline decreased cell proliferation. 7, These findings suggest that maprotiline rapidly increases [Ca2+]i in human prostate cancer cells by stimulating both extracellular Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ release and that it may modulate cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Shong Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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12
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Lum PY, Armour CD, Stepaniants SB, Cavet G, Wolf MK, Butler JS, Hinshaw JC, Garnier P, Prestwich GD, Leonardson A, Garrett-Engele P, Rush CM, Bard M, Schimmack G, Phillips JW, Roberts CJ, Shoemaker DD. Discovering modes of action for therapeutic compounds using a genome-wide screen of yeast heterozygotes. Cell 2004; 116:121-37. [PMID: 14718172 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(03)01035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Modern medicine faces the challenge of developing safer and more effective therapies to treat human diseases. Many drugs currently in use were discovered without knowledge of their underlying molecular mechanisms. Understanding their biological targets and modes of action will be essential to design improved second-generation compounds. Here, we describe the use of a genome-wide pool of tagged heterozygotes to assess the cellular effects of 78 compounds in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Specifically, lanosterol synthase in the sterol biosynthetic pathway was identified as a target of the antianginal drug molsidomine, which may explain its cholesterol-lowering effects. Further, the rRNA processing exosome was identified as a potential target of the cell growth inhibitor 5-fluorouracil. This genome-wide screen validated previously characterized targets or helped identify potentially new modes of action for over half of the compounds tested, providing proof of this principle for analyzing the modes of action of clinically relevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pek Yee Lum
- Rosetta Inpharmatics LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc, 12040 115th Avenue NE, Kirkland, WA 98034, USA.
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13
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Jan CR, Lu YC, Tseng LL, Jiann BP, Chang HT, Wang JL, Chen WC, Huang JK. Effect of the Antidepressant Desipramine on Cytosolic Ca 2+ Movement and Proliferation in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Pharmacology 2003; 69:190-6. [PMID: 14624059 DOI: 10.1159/000073663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2002] [Accepted: 05/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In human osteosarcoma MG63 cells, the effect of desipramine, an antidepressant, on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) was measured by using fura-2. Desipramine (>10 micromol/l) caused a rapid and sustained rise of [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner (EC(50) = 200 micromol/l). Desipramine-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise was prevented by 80% by removal of extracellular Ca(2+) but was not altered by voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel blockers. In Ca(2+)-free medium, thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+)-ATPase, caused a monophasic [Ca(2+)](i) rise, after which the increasing effect of desipramine on [Ca(2+)](i) was abolished; also, pretreatment with desipramine partly reduced thapsigargin-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase. U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, did not affect desipramine-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Overnight incubation with 10 micromol/l desipramine did not alter cell proliferation, but killed 32 and 89% of cells at concentrations of 100 and 200 micromol/l, respectively. These findings suggest that desipramine rapidly increases [Ca(2+)](i) in osteoblasts by stimulating both extracellular Ca(2+) influx and intracellular Ca(2+) release, and is cytotoxic at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ren Jan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan/ROC
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