1
|
Gao H, Nepovimova E, Heger Z, Valko M, Wu Q, Kuca K, Adam V. Role of hypoxia in cellular senescence. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106841. [PMID: 37385572 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Senescent cells persist and continuously secrete proinflammatory and tissue-remodeling molecules that poison surrounding cells, leading to various age-related diseases, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. The underlying mechanism of cellular senescence has not yet been fully explored. Emerging evidence indicates that hypoxia is involved in the regulation of cellular senescence. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)- 1α accumulates under hypoxic conditions and regulates cellular senescence by modulating the levels of the senescence markers p16, p53, lamin B1, and cyclin D1. Hypoxia is a critical condition for maintaining tumor immune evasion, which is promoted by driving the expression of genetic factors (such as p53 and CD47) while triggering immunosenescence. Under hypoxic conditions, autophagy is activated by targeting BCL-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3, which subsequently induces p21WAF1/CIP1 as well as p16Ink4a and increases β-galactosidase (β-gal) activity, thereby inducing cellular senescence. Deletion of the p21 gene increases the activity of the hypoxia response regulator poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and the level of nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) proteins, repairs DNA double-strand breaks, and alleviates cellular senescence. Moreover, cellular senescence is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and an accumulation of D-galactose derived from the gut microbiota. Chronic hypoxia leads to a striking reduction in the amount of Lactobacillus and D-galactose-degrading enzymes in the gut, producing excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducing senescence in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cellular senescence. miR-424-5p levels are decreased under hypoxia, whereas lncRNA-MALAT1 levels are increased, both of which induce cellular senescence. The present review focuses on recent advances in understanding the role of hypoxia in cellular senescence. The effects of HIFs, immune evasion, PARP-1, gut microbiota, and exosomal mRNA in hypoxia-mediated cell senescence are specifically discussed. This review increases our understanding of the mechanism of hypoxia-mediated cellular senescence and provides new clues for anti-aging processes and the treatment of aging-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Gao
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava 812 37, Slovakia
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic; Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Owumi SE, Najophe ES, Otunla MT. 3-Indolepropionic acid prevented chlorpyrifos-induced hepatorenal toxicities in rats by improving anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-apoptotic responses and abating DNA damage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:74377-74393. [PMID: 35644820 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphorus pesticide to control insects, is associated with oxidative stress and reduced quality of life in humans and animals. Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) is a by-product of tryptophan metabolism with high antioxidant capacity and has the potential to curb CPF-mediated toxicities in the hepatorenal system of rats. It is against this background that we explored the subacute exposure of CPF and the effect of IPA in the liver and kidney of thirty rats using five cohort experimental designs (n = 6) consisting of control (corn oil 2 mL/kg body weight), CPF alone (5 mg/kg), IPA alone (50 mg/kg), CPF + IPA1 (5 mg/kg + 25 mg/kg), and CPF + IPA2 (5 mg/kg + 50 mg/kg). Subsequently, we evaluated biomarkers of hepatorenal damage, oxidative and nitrosative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and apoptosis by spectrophotometric and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. Our results showed that co-treatment with IPA decreased CPF-upregulated serum hepatic transaminases, creatinine, and urea; reversed CPF downregulation of SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GSH, Trx, TRx-R, and TSH; and abated CPF upregulation of XO, MPO, RONS, and LPO. Co-treatment with IPA decreased CPF-upregulated IL-1β and 8-OHdG levels, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities, and increased IL-10. In addition, IPA averts CPF-induced histological changes in the liver and kidney of rats. Our results demonstrate that co-dosing CPF-exposed rats with IPA can significantly decrease CPF-induced oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory responses, DNA damage, and subsequent pro-apoptotic responses in rats' liver and kidneys. Therefore, supplementing tryptophan-derived endogenous IPA from exogenous sources may help avert toxicity occasioned by inadvertent exposure to harmful chemicals, including CPF-induced systemic perturbation of liver and kidney function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Room NB 302, Ibadan, 200005, Nigeria.
| | - Eseroghene S Najophe
- Nutrition and Industrial Biochemistry Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Nigeria
| | - Moses T Otunla
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Room NB 302, Ibadan, 200005, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Biological Effects of Indole-3-Propionic Acid, a Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolite, and Its Precursor Tryptophan in Mammals' Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031222. [PMID: 35163143 PMCID: PMC8835432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Actions of symbiotic gut microbiota are in dynamic balance with the host’s organism to maintain homeostasis. Many different factors have an impact on this relationship, including bacterial metabolites. Several substrates for their synthesis have been established, including tryptophan, an exogenous amino acid. Many biological processes are influenced by the action of tryptophan and its endogenous metabolites, serotonin, and melatonin. Recent research findings also provide evidence that gut bacteria-derived metabolites of tryptophan share the biological effects of their precursor. Thus, this review aims to investigate the biological actions of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite of tryptophan. We searched PUBMED and Google Scholar databases to identify pre-clinical and clinical studies evaluating the impact of IPA on the health and pathophysiology of the immune, nervous, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular system in mammals. IPA exhibits a similar impact on the energetic balance and cardiovascular system to its precursor, tryptophan. Additionally, IPA has a positive impact on a cellular level, by preventing oxidative stress injury, lipoperoxidation and inhibiting synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. Its synthesis can be diminished in the presence of different risk factors of atherosclerosis. On the other hand, protective factors, such as the introduction of a Mediterranean diet, tend to increase its plasma concentration. IPA seems to be a promising new target, linking gut health with the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
|
4
|
Owumi SE, Adedara IA, Oyelere AK. Indole-3-propionic acid mitigates chlorpyrifos-mediated neurotoxicity by modulating cholinergic and redox-regulatory systems, inflammatory stress, apoptotic responses and DNA damage in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 89:103786. [PMID: 34915193 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This study probed the neuroprotective influence of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) in rats exposed to chlorpyrifos (CPF) alone at 5 mg/kg body weight or co-administered with IPA at 12.5 and 25 mg/kg for 14 days. Behavioral data indicated that IPA significantly (p < 0.05) abated CPF-mediated anxiogenic-like behaviors with concomitant improvement in the locomotor and exploratory behaviors as substantiated by track plots and heat maps data. Also, IPA mitigated CPF-mediated diminution in cholinergic and antioxidant defense systems whereas it markedly improved thioredoxin level and thioredoxin reductase activity in cerebral and cerebellar tissues of the animals. Co-administration of IPA significantly enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 but suppressed oxidative and inflammatory stress, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation with concomitant reduction in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level and histological damage. Collectively, IPA-mediated neuroprotection involves modulation of cholinergic and redox-regulatory systems, inflammatory stress, apoptotic responses and DNA damage in cerebrum and cerebellum of rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iwan P, Stepniak J, Karbownik-Lewinska M. Cumulative Protective Effect of Melatonin and Indole-3-Propionic Acid against KIO 3-Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Porcine Thyroid. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9050089. [PMID: 33919052 PMCID: PMC8143077 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9050089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Iodine deficiency is the main environmental factor leading to thyroid cancer. At the same time iodine excess may also contribute to thyroid cancer. Potassium iodate (KIO3), which is broadly used in salt iodization program, may increase oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation, LPO) under experimental conditions, with the strongest damaging effect at KIO3 concentration of ~10 mM (corresponding to physiological iodine concentration in the thyroid). Melatonin and indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) are effective antioxidative indoles, each of which protects against KIO3-induced LPO in the thyroid. The study aims to check if melatonin used together with IPA (in their highest achievable in vitro concentrations) reveals stronger protective effects against KIO3-induced LPO in porcine thyroid homogenates than each of these antioxidants used separately. Homogenates were incubated in the presence of KIO3 (200; 100; 50; 25; 20; 15; 10; 7.5; 5.0; 2.5; 1.25; 0.0 mM) without/with melatonin (5 mM) or without/with IPA (10 mM) or without/with melatonin + IPA, and then, to further clarify the narrow range of KIO3 concentrations, against which melatonin + IPA reveal cumulative protective effects, the following KIO3 concentrations were used: 20; 18.75; 17.5; 16.25; 15; 13.75; 12.5; 11.25; 10; 8.75; 7.5; 0.0 mM. Malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA + 4-HDA) concentration (LPO index) was measured spectrophotometrically. Protective effects of melatonin + IPA were stronger than those revealed by each antioxidant used separately, but only when LPO was induced by KIO3 in concentrations from 18.75 mM to 8.75 mM, corresponding to physiological iodine concentration in the thyroid. In conclusion, melatonin and indole-3-propionic acid exert cumulative protective effects against oxidative damage caused by KIO3, when this prooxidant is used in concentrations close to physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid. Therefore, the simultaneous administration of these two indoles should be considered to prevent more effectively oxidative damage (and thereby thyroid cancer formation) caused by iodine compounds applied in iodine prophylaxis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Iwan
- Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 7/9 Zeligowski St., 90-752 Lodz, Poland; (P.I.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Stepniak
- Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 7/9 Zeligowski St., 90-752 Lodz, Poland; (P.I.); (J.S.)
| | - Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska
- Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 7/9 Zeligowski St., 90-752 Lodz, Poland; (P.I.); (J.S.)
- Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska St., 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Hu Y, Cao Q, Yin Y, Xia W, Cui H, Yu X, Ye Z. Functional Properties of the MAP Kinase UeKpp2 in Ustilago esculenta. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1053. [PMID: 32582058 PMCID: PMC7295950 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ustilago esculenta undergoes an endophytic life cycle in Zizania latifolia. It induces the stem of its host to swell, forming the edible galls called jiaobai in China, which are the second most commonly cultivated aquatic vegetable in China. Z. latifolia raised for jiaobai can only reproduce asexually because the U. esculenta infection completely inhibits flowering. The infection and proliferation in the host plants during the formation of edible gall differ from those of conventional pathogens. Previous studies have shown a close relationship between mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and fungal pathogenesis. In this study, we explored the functional properties of the MAPK UeKpp2. Cross-species complementation assays were carried out, which indicated a functional complementation between the UeKpp2 of U. esculenta and the Kpp2 of Ustilago maydis. Next, UeKpp2 mutants of the UeT14 and the UeT55 sporidia background were generated; these showed an aberrant morphology of budding cells, and attenuated mating and filamentous growth in vitro, in the context of normal pathogenicity. Interestingly, we identified another protein kinase, UeUkc1, which acted downstream of UeKpp2 and may participate in the regulation of cell shape. We also found a defect of filamentous growth in UeKpp2 mutants that was not related to a defect of the induction of mating-type genes but was directly related to a defect in UeRbf1 induction. Overall, our results indicate an important role for UeKpp2 in U. esculenta that is slightly different from those reported for other smut fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafen Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingli Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianchao Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yumei Yin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqiang Xia
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Cui
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihong Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang S, Cao Z, Zhu J, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Zhao L, Sun X, Wang X. In Vitro Monolayer Culture of Dispersed Neural Stem Cells on the E-Cadherin-Based Substrate with Long-Term Stemness Maintenance. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:18136-18146. [PMID: 31720516 PMCID: PMC6843705 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) play an important role in neural tissue engineering because of their capacity of self-renewal and differentiation to multiple cell lineages. The in vitro conventional neurosphere culture protocol has some limitations such as limited nutrition and oxygen penetration and distribution causing the heterogeneity of cells inside, inaccessibility of internal cells, and inhomogeneous cellular morphology and properties. As a result, cultivation as a monolayer is a better way to study NSCs and obtain a homogeneous cell population. The cadherins are a classical family of homophilic cell adhesion molecules mediating cell-cell adhesion. Here, we used a recombinant human E-cadherin mouse IgG Fc chimera protein that self-assembles on a hydrophobic polystyrene surface via hydrophobic interaction to obtain an E-cadherin-coated culture plate (ECP). The rat fetal NSCs were cultured on the ECP and routine tissue culture plate (TCP) from passage 2 to passage 5. NSCs on TCP formed uniform floating neurospheres and grew up over time, while cells on the ECP adhered on the bottom of the plate and exhibited individual cells with scattering morphology, forming intercellular connections between cells. The cell proliferation and differentiation behaviors that were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay (CCK-8), immunofluorescence staining, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed NSCs could maintain the capacity for self-renewal and ability to differentiate into neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes after the long-term in vitro cell culture and passaging. Therefore, our study indicated that hE-cad-Fc could provide a homogeneous environment for individual cells in monolayer conditions to maintain the capacity of self-renewal and differentiation by mimicking the cell-cell interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinjin Zhu
- Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College
of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw
Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - He Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fernandez M, Paulucci NS, Peppino Margutti M, Biasutti AM, Racagni GE, Villasuso AL, Agostini E, González PS. Membrane Rigidity and Phosphatidic Acid (PtdOH) Signal: Two Important Events in Acinetobacter guillouiae SFC 500-1A Exposed to Chromium(VI) and Phenol. Lipids 2019; 54:557-570. [PMID: 31475368 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The remodeling of membrane lipids is a mechanism that allows microorganisms to survive in unfavorable environments such as industrial effluents, which often contain inorganic and organic pollutants, like chromium and phenol. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of Cr(VI) and phenol on the membrane of Acinetobacter guillouiae SFC 500-1A, a bacterial strain isolated from tannery sediments where such pollutants can be found. The presence of lipid kinases and phospholipases and the changes in their activities under exposure to these pollutants were determined. Cr(VI) and Cr(VI) + phenol caused the membrane to become more rigid for up to 16 h after exposure. This could be due to an increase in cardiolipin (Ptd2 Gro) and a decrease in phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), which are indicative of more order and rigidity in the membrane. Increased phospholipase A activity (PLA, EC 3.1.1.4) could be responsible for the decrease in PtdEtn levels. Moreover, our results indicate that Cr(VI) and Cr(VI) + phenol trigger the phosphatidic acid (PtdOH) signal. The finding of significantly increased phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns-4-P) levels means this is likely achieved via PtdIns-PLC/DGK. This report provides the first evidence that A. guillouiae SFC 500-1A is able to sense Cr(VI) and phenol, transduce this signal through changes in the physical state of the membrane, and trigger lipid-signaling events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilina Fernandez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia S Paulucci
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Micaela Peppino Margutti
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alicia M Biasutti
- Departamento de Química-FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Graciela E Racagni
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana L Villasuso
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth Agostini
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paola S González
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Associations of serum indolepropionic acid, a gut microbiota metabolite, with type 2 diabetes and low-grade inflammation in high-risk individuals. Nutr Diabetes 2018; 8:35. [PMID: 29795366 PMCID: PMC5968030 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-018-0046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported using non-targeted metabolic profiling that serum indolepropionic acid (IPA), a microbial metabolite of tryptophan, was associated with a lower likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). In the present study, we established a targeted quantitative method using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) and measured the serum concentrations of IPA in all the participants from the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS), who had fasting serum samples available from the 1-year study follow-up (n = 209 lifestyle intervention and n = 206 control group). Higher IPA at 1-year study was inversely associated with the incidence of T2D (OR [CI]: 0.86 [0.73–0.99], P = 0.04) and tended to be directly associated with insulin secretion (β = 0.10, P = 0.06) during the mean 7-year follow-up. Moreover, IPA correlated positively with dietary fiber intake (g/day: r = 0.24, P = 1 × 10−6) and negatively with hsCRP concentrations at both sampling (r = − 0.22, P = 0.0001) and study follow-up (β = − 0.19, P = 0.001). Thus, we suggest that the putative effect of IPA on lowering T2D risk might be mediated by the interplay between dietary fiber intake and inflammation or by direct effect of IPA on β-cell function.
Collapse
|
10
|
Farajdokht F, Farhoudi M, Majdi A, Zamanlu M, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Vahedi S, Mahmoudi J. Testosterone May Hold Therapeutic Promise for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke in Aging: A Closer Look at Laboratory Findings. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 9:48-55. [PMID: 31011557 PMCID: PMC6468219 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Male sex is more prone to cerebrovascular disorders, yet the exact role of androgens in cerebral
ischemia remains unclear. Here we reviewed current understanding of testosterone (TES)
neuroprotective activity against ischemic stroke and mechanisms underlying these effects in
aging. TES may exert a neuroprotective effect in aging through pathways including inhibition of
oxidant molecules production, enhancing the enzymatic antioxidant capacity of the brain and
modulation of apoptotic cell death. Given this, a better understanding of the neuroprotective
roles of TES may propose an effective therapeutic strategy to improve the quality of life and
decrease androgen-related cerebrovascular problems in the aging men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farhoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Majdi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masumeh Zamanlu
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Vahedi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nayki U, Onk D, Balci G, Nayki C, Onk A, Çankaya M, Taskın Kafa AH, Kuzucu M. The effect of melatonin on oxidative stress and apoptosis in experimental diabetes mellitus-related ovarian injury. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; 32:421-6. [PMID: 26743008 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2015.1126819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effect of melatonin on oxidative stress and ovarian injury in rats. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups: Group 1 as nondiabetic healthy controls (n = 8), group 2 as nontreated diabetic rats (n = 8) and group 3 as melatonin-treated diabetic rats (n = 8). After overt diabetes was produced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozosin, 20 mg/kg/day of melatonin was given intraperitoneally to group 3 for a week. NF-kB and caspase-3 immunoexpressions, lipid peroxidation, the activities of antioxidative enzymes, total oxidant capacity and total antioxidant capacity were assessed. Immunoexpressions of NF-kB and caspase-3 were significantly lower in group 3 than group 2. There was a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase activity in group 2 than group 1 and a significant increase in group 3 compared with group 2. We observed a nonsignificant decrease in catalase activity between group 1 and group 2 and a nonsignificant increase between group 2 and group 3. There was a nonsignificant increase in the plasma level of total oxidant status in group 2 than group 1, but a significant decrease was observed in group 3 compared to group 2. Total antioxidant status was significantly lower in group 2 compared with group 1 and group 3. In conclusion, melatonin ameliorates the negative effects of oxidative stress on DM-related ovarian injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umit Nayki
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Didem Onk
- b Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation
| | | | - Cenk Nayki
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Alper Onk
- d Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , and
| | - Murat Çankaya
- e Department of Biochemistry School of Medicine , Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Kuzucu
- e Department of Biochemistry School of Medicine , Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cetinkaya N, Attar R, Yildirim G, Ficicioglu C, Ozkan F, Yilmaz B, Yesildaglar N. The effects of different doses of melatonin treatment on endometrial implants in an oophorectomized rat endometriosis model. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 291:591-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
13
|
Tabassum S, Zaki M, Ahmad M, Afzal M, Srivastav S, Srikrishna S, Arjmand F. Synthesis and crystal structure determination of copper(II)-complex: In vitro DNA and HSA binding, pBR322 plasmid cleavage, cell imaging and cytotoxic studies. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:141-54. [PMID: 24953031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
14
|
Can melatonin help us in radiation oncology treatments? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:578137. [PMID: 24900972 PMCID: PMC4037598 DOI: 10.1155/2014/578137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, radiotherapy has become an integral part of the treatment regimen in various malignancies for curative or palliative purposes. Ionizing radiation interacts with biological systems to produce free radicals, which attack various cellular components. Radioprotectors act as prophylactic agents that are administered to shield normal cells and tissues from the harmful effects of radiation. Melatonin has been shown to be both a direct free radical scavenger and an indirect antioxidant by stimulating antioxidant enzymes and suppressing prooxidative enzymes activity. In addition to its antioxidant property, there have also been reports implicating antiapoptotic function for melatonin in normal cells. Furthermore, through its antitumor and radiosensitizing properties, treatment with melatonin may prevent tumor progression. Therefore, addition of melatonin to radiation therapy could lower the damage inflicted to the normal tissue, leading to a more efficient tumor control by use of higher doses of irradiation during radiotherapy. Thus, it seems that, in the future, melatonin may improve the therapeutic gain in radiation oncology treatments.
Collapse
|
15
|
García JJ, López-Pingarrón L, Almeida-Souza P, Tres A, Escudero P, García-Gil FA, Tan DX, Reiter RJ, Ramírez JM, Bernal-Pérez M. Protective effects of melatonin in reducing oxidative stress and in preserving the fluidity of biological membranes: a review. J Pineal Res 2014; 56:225-37. [PMID: 24571249 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals generated within subcellular compartments damage macromolecules which lead to severe structural changes and functional alterations of cellular organelles. A manifestation of free radical injury to biological membranes is the process of lipid peroxidation, an autooxidative chain reaction in which polyunsaturated fatty acids in the membrane are the substrate. There is considerable evidence that damage to polyunsaturated fatty acids tends to reduce membrane fluidity. However, adequate levels of fluidity are essential for the proper functioning of biological membranes. Thus, there is considerable interest in antioxidant molecules which are able to stabilize membranes because of their protective effects against lipid peroxidation. Melatonin is an indoleamine that modulates a wide variety of endocrine, neural and immune functions. Over the last two decades, intensive research has proven this molecule, as well as its metabolites, to possess substantial antioxidant activity. In addition to their ability to scavenge several reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, melatonin increases the activity of the glutathione redox enzymes, that is, glutathione peroxidase and reductase, as well as other antioxidant enzymes. These beneficial effects of melatonin are more significant because of its small molecular size and its amphipathic behaviour, which facilitates ease of melatonin penetration into every subcellular compartment. In the present work, we review the current information related to the beneficial effects of melatonin in maintaining the fluidity of biological membranes against free radical attack, and further, we discuss its implications for ageing and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín J García
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Prahalathan P, Arul D, Jayakumar M, Subramanian P. Effect of melatonin on temporal patterns of redox status in young and aged rats. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09291010802568707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
17
|
Hwang IK, Yoo KY, Li H, Park OK, Lee CH, Choi JH, Jeong YG, Lee YL, Kim YM, Kwon YG, Won MH. Indole-3-propionic acid attenuates neuronal damage and oxidative stress in the ischemic hippocampus. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87:2126-37. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
18
|
López A, García JA, Escames G, Venegas C, Ortiz F, López LC, Acuña-Castroviejo D. Melatonin protects the mitochondria from oxidative damage reducing oxygen consumption, membrane potential, and superoxide anion production. J Pineal Res 2009; 46:188-98. [PMID: 19054298 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2008.00647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The role of melatonin in improving mitochondrial respiratory chain activity and increasing ATP production in different experimental conditions has been widely reported. To date, however, the mechanism(s) involved are largely unknown. Using high-resolution respirometry, fluorometry and spectrophotometry we studied the effects of melatonin on normal mitochondrial functions. Mitochondria were recovered from mouse liver cells and incubated in vitro with melatonin at concentrations ranging from 1 nm to 1 mm. Melatonin decreased oxygen consumption concomitantly with its concentration, inhibited any increase in oxygen flux in the presence of an excess of ADP, reduced the membrane potential, and consequently inhibited the production of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. At the same time it maintained the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis while increasing the activity of the respiratory complexes (mainly complexes I, III, and IV). The effects of melatonin appeared to be due to its presence within the mitochondria, since kinetic experiments clearly showed its incorporation into these organelles. Our results support the hypothesis that melatonin, together with hormones such as triiodothyronine, participates in the physiological regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana López
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Midzak AS, Chen H, Papadopoulos V, Zirkin BR. Leydig cell aging and the mechanisms of reduced testosterone synthesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2009; 299:23-31. [PMID: 18761053 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2008.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2008] [Accepted: 07/11/2008] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In males, serum testosterone levels decline with advancing age. Though part of a complex process, this age-related decline in testosterone appears to occur, in part, due to a significant decline in the ability of aged Leydig cells to produce testosterone maximally in response to luteinizing hormone (LH). The structure of the molecular machinery responsible for the synthesis of testosterone is described, and placed in the context of Leydig cell biology. Multiple parameters related to the synthesis of testosterone by the Leydig cell have been observed to change with age. Relationships among these changes are reviewed. A discussion of potential causes of the age-related decline in Leydig cell steroidogenic capacity presents a model in which the inability of aged cells to adequately respond to hormonal stimulation results in cellular regression with concomitant decline in maximal testosterone output.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Midzak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Reproductive Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Anisimov VN, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Anisimov SV, Vesnushkin GM, Vinogradova IA. Melatonin as antioxidant, geroprotector and anticarcinogen. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2006; 1757:573-89. [PMID: 16678784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2006] [Revised: 03/14/2006] [Accepted: 03/16/2006] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the pineal indole hormone melatonin on the life span of mice, rats and fruit flies has been studied using various approaches. It has been observed that in female CBA, SHR, SAM and transgenic HER-2/neu mice long-term administration of melatonin was followed by an increase in the mean life span. In rats, melatonin treatment increased survival of male and female rats. In D. melanogaster, supplementation of melatonin to nutrient medium during developmental stages produced contradictory results, but and increase in the longevity of fruit flies has been observed when melatonin was added to food throughout the life span. In mice and rats, melatonin is a potent antioxidant both in vitro and in vivo. Melatonin alone turned out neither toxic nor mutagenic in the Ames test and revealed clastogenic activity at high concentration in the COMET assay. Melatonin has inhibited mutagenesis and clastogenic effect of a number of indirect chemical mutagens. Melatonin inhibits the development of spontaneous and 7-12-dimethlbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)- or N-nitrosomethylurea-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rodents; colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats, N-diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats, DMBA-induced carcinogenesis of the uterine cervix and vagina in mice; benzo(a)pyrene-induced soft tissue carcinogenesis and lung carcinogenesis induced by urethan in mice. To identify molecular events regulated by melatonin, gene expression profiles were studied in the heart and brain of melatonin-treated CBA mice using cDNA gene expression arrays (15,247 and 16,897 cDNA clone sets, respectively). It was shown that genes controlling the cell cycle, cell/organism defense, protein expression and transport are the primary effectors for melatonin. Melatonin also increased the expression of some mitochondrial genes (16S, cytochrome c oxidases 1 and 3 (COX1 and COX3), and NADH dehydrogenases 1 and 4 (ND1 and ND4)), which agrees with its ability to inhibit free radical processes. Of great interest is the effect of melatonin upon the expression of a large number of genes related to calcium exchange, such as Cul5, Dcamkl1 and Kcnn4; a significant effect of melatonin on the expression of some oncogenesis-related genes was also detected. Thus, we believe that melatonin may be used for the prevention of premature aging and carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Anisimov
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, Pesochny-2, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hu P, Brodie EL, Suzuki Y, McAdams HH, Andersen GL. Whole-genome transcriptional analysis of heavy metal stresses in Caulobacter crescentus. J Bacteriol 2006; 187:8437-49. [PMID: 16321948 PMCID: PMC1317002 DOI: 10.1128/jb.187.24.8437-8449.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Caulobacter crescentus and related stalk bacterial species are known for their distinctive ability to live in low-nutrient environments, a characteristic of most heavy metal-contaminated sites. Caulobacter crescentus is a model organism for studying cell cycle regulation with well-developed genetics. We have identified the pathways responding to heavy-metal toxicity in C. crescentus to provide insights for the possible application of Caulobacter to environmental restoration. We exposed C. crescentus cells to four heavy metals (chromium, cadmium, selenium, and uranium) and analyzed genome-wide transcriptional activities postexposure using an Affymetrix GeneChip microarray. C. crescentus showed surprisingly high tolerance to uranium, a possible mechanism for which may be the formation of extracellular calcium-uranium-phosphate precipitates. The principal response to these metals was protection against oxidative stress (up-regulation of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase sodA). Glutathione S-transferase, thioredoxin, glutaredoxins, and DNA repair enzymes responded most strongly to cadmium and chromate. The cadmium and chromium stress response also focused on reducing the intracellular metal concentration, with multiple efflux pumps employed to remove cadmium, while a sulfate transporter was down-regulated to reduce nonspecific uptake of chromium. Membrane proteins were also up-regulated in response to most of the metals tested. A two-component signal transduction system involved in the uranium response was identified. Several differentially regulated transcripts from regions previously not known to encode proteins were identified, demonstrating the advantage of evaluating the transcriptome by using whole-genome microarrays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 70A3317, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Garcia JJ, Martínez-Ballarín E, Millán-Plano S, Allué JL, Albendea C, Fuentes L, Escanero JF. Effects of trace elements on membrane fluidity. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2005; 19:19-22. [PMID: 16240667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2005.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
According to the Fluid Mosaic Model, a biological membrane is a two-dimensional fluid of oriented proteins and lipids. The lipid bilayer is the basic structure of all cell and organelle membranes. Cell membranes are dynamic, fluid structures, and most of their molecules are able to move in the plane of the membrane. Fluidity is the quality of ease of movement and represents the reciprocal value of membrane viscosity. Fluid properties of biological membranes are essential for numerous cell functions. Even slight changes in membrane fluidity may cause aberrant function and pathological processes. Several evidences suggest that trace elements, e.g., iron, copper, zinc, selenium, chromium, cadmium, mercury and lead may influence membrane fluidity. The interaction of heavy metals with cellular membranes may contribute to explain, at least partially, the toxicity associated with these metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Joaquín Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, C) Domingo Miral sln, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen H, Liu J, Luo L, Zirkin BR. Dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate restores the ability of aged Leydig cells to produce testosterone at the high levels characteristic of young cells. Endocrinology 2004; 145:4441-6. [PMID: 15231695 DOI: 10.1210/en.2004-0639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The wealth of knowledge about the function and regulation of adult Leydig cells, the cells within the mammalian testis that produce testosterone, make these cells ideal for studying principles and mechanisms of aging. A hallmark of mammalian aging is decreased serum testosterone concentration. In the Brown Norway rat, this has been shown to be associated with the reduced ability of aged Leydig cells to produce testosterone in response to LH. Herein, we demonstrate that culturing the aged cells with dibutyryl cAMP, a membrane-permeable cAMP agonist that bypasses the LH receptor-adenlyly cyclase cascade, restores testosterone production to levels comparable to those of young cells and also restores steroidogenic acute regulatory protein and P450scc, the proteins involved in the rate-limiting steps of steroidogenesis. These results strongly suggest that signal transduction deficits are responsible for reduced steroidogenesis by aged Leydig cells and that bypassing signal transduction reverses the steroidogenic decline by the aged cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haolin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Reproductive Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
The results of studies on the effect of pineal indole hormone melatonin on the life span of mice, rats, fruit flies, and worms are critically reviewed. In mice, long-term administration of melatonin was followed by an increase in their life span in 12 experiments and had no effect in 8 of 20 different experiments. In D. melanogaster, the supplementation of melatonin to the nutrient medium during developmental stages gave contradictory results, but when melatonin was added to food throughout the life span, an increase in the longevity of fruit flies has been observed. Melatonin decreased the survival of C. elegans but increased the clonal life span of planaria Paramecium tertaurelia. Available data suggest antioxidant and atherogenic effects of melatonin. Melatonin alone turned out to be neither toxic nor mutagenic in the Ames test and revealed clastogenic activity in high concentration in the COMET assay. Melatonin inhibits mutagenesis induced by irradiation and by indirect chemical mutagens and inhibits the development of spontaneous and chemical-induced tumors in mice and rats. Further studies and clinical trials are needed to verify that melatonin is both safe and has geroprotector efficacy for humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Anisimov
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, NN Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bendheim PE, Poeggeler B, Neria E, Ziv V, Pappolla MA, Chain DG. Development of indole-3-propionic acid (OXIGON) for Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Neurosci 2002; 19:213-7. [PMID: 12212784 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-002-0036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid-beta and concomitant oxidative stress are major pathogenic events in Alzheimer's disease. Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA, OXIGON) is a potent anti-oxidant devoid of pro-oxidant activity. IPA has been demonstrated to be an inhibitor of beta-amyloid fibril formation and to be a potent neuroprotectant against a variety of oxidotoxins. This review will summarize the known properties of IPA and outline the rationale behind its selection as a potential disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
|