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Zakirova EY, Chastukhina IB, Valeeva LR, Vorobev VV, Rizvanov AA, Palotás A, Shakirov EV. Stable Co-Cultivation of the Moss Physcomitrella patens with Human Cells in vitro as a New Approach to Support Metabolism of Diseased Alzheimer Cells. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 70:75-89. [PMID: 31177231 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no cure. While there are many hypotheses, the exact mechanism causing this pathology is still unknown. Among many other features, AD is characterized by brain hypometabolism and decreased sugar availability, to which neurons eventually succumb. In light of this aspect of the disease, we hypothesized that boosting fuel supply to neurons may help them survive or at least alleviate some of the symptoms. Here we demonstrate that live moss Physcomitrella patens cells can be safely co-cultured with human fibroblasts in vitro and thus have a potential for providing human cells with energy and other vital biomolecules. These data may form the foundation for the development of novel approaches to metabolic bioengineering and treatment of diseased cells based on live plants. In addition, by providing alternative energy sources to human tissues, the biotechnological potential of this interkingdom setup could also serve as a springboard to foster innovative dietary processes addressing current challenges of mankind such as famine or supporting long-haul space flight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - András Palotás
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Asklepios-Med (Private Medical Practice and Research Center), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eugene V Shakirov
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Choucair N, Laporte V, Levy R, Tranchant C, Gies JP, Poindron P, Lombard Y. The Role of Calcium and Magnesium Ions in Uptake of β-Amyloid Peptides by Microglial Cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2016; 19:683-96. [PMID: 17026853 DOI: 10.1177/039463200601900324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid peptides 1-40 and 1-42 (Aβ 1-40 and Aβ 1-42) are major components of diffuse and neuritic senile plaques present in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Their interaction with microglial cells was studied using a system partly mimicking these plaques, which consisted in heat-killed yeast particles coated with either Aβ 1-40 or Aβ 1-42. Using these particles, it has been shown in our laboratory that LRP is involved mainly in the elimination of Aβ 1-42-coated heat-killed yeast particles and partly in that of Aβ 1-40-coated heat-killed yeast particles by microglial cells in culture. We show here that in the presence of calcium and magnesium ions extracellular chelators, namely EDTA (for both ions) and EGTA (for calcium ions), the internalization of coated heat-killed particles was impaired. In the presence of BAPTA-AM, an intracellular chelator of calcium ions and thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum calcium pump, no effect was observed on the phagocytosis of Aβ 1-40-coated heat-killed yeast particles, whereas that of Aβ 1-42-coated heat-killed yeast particles was affected. These results suggest that different signaling mechanisms are involved after the internalization of Aβ 1-40 and Aβ 1-42.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Choucair
- UMR 7175-LC1 Departement de Pharmacologie et Physicochimie des Interactions Cellulaires et Moleculaires, University Louis Pasteur, Illkirch Cedex, France
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Peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells derived from Alzheimer's disease patients show elevated baseline levels of secreted cytokines but resist stimulation with β-amyloid peptide. Mol Cell Neurosci 2012; 49:77-84. [PMID: 21971579 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Among several other factors, the neuro-toxic β-amyloid peptide (βAP)-induced inflammatory mechanisms have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Cytokines have recently emerged as prime candidates underlying this immune reaction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory response of peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells (PBMC) in AD. DESIGN Cross-sectional (observational) study. SETTING Behavioral and cognitive neurology clinic of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS AD patients (n=19), healthy elderly (n=19) and young (n=14) individuals. MEASUREMENTS Cytokine levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) after exposing cells to a broad range of βAP concentrations (10(-4)-10(-10)M) as a stimulus. AD samples were weighed against leukocytes harvested from non-demented young and elderly subjects. RESULTS Cytokine production of PBMCs in the youth was characterized by low baseline levels when compared to cells from the older generation. In the aging population, AD cells were distinguished from the healthy elderly sub-group by an even higher basal cytokine secretion. The low resting concentration in young individuals was markedly increased after treatment with βAP, however cells from the elderly, irrespective of their disease status, showed unchanged cytokine release following βAP administration. Non-specific activation of PBMCs with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies resulted in elevated interleukin (IL)-1β concentrations in AD. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate a general over-production of cytokines and resistance to βAP in the old comparison group, with a more pronounced disruption/boosted pattern in AD. Our findings are in line with the hypothesis of "inflammaging", i.e. an enhanced inflammatory profile with normal aging and a further perturbed environment in AD. The observed cytokine profiles may serve as diagnostic biomarkers in dementia.
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Mukhamedyarov MA, Teplov AY, Grishin SN, Leushina AV, Zefirov AL, Palotás A. Extraneuronal toxicity of Alzheimer's β-amyloid peptide: Comparative study on vertebrate skeletal muscles. Muscle Nerve 2011; 43:872-7. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.22000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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5
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Skin and brain age together: The role of hormones in the ageing process. Exp Gerontol 2010; 45:801-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2010.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Teixeira AL, Reis HJ, Coelho FM, Carneiro DS, Teixeira MM, Vieira LB, Mukhamedyarov MA, Zefirov AL, Janka Z, Palotás A. All-or-nothing type biphasic cytokine production of human lymphocytes after exposure to Alzheimer's beta-amyloid peptide. Biol Psychiatry 2008; 64:891-5. [PMID: 18760772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Revised: 07/13/2008] [Accepted: 07/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuro-inflammation, triggered by beta-amyloid peptide, is implicated as one of the primary contributors to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, and several cytokines were identified as key instigating factors. METHODS To reveal the inflammatory response of lymphocytes to the neuro-toxic beta-amyloid peptide, we evaluated the release of several cytokines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells with immuno-assays (ELISA). From hyper-acute to chronic effects of beta-amyloid peptide were assessed at a wide range of concentrations. RESULTS The pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and Rantes (acronym for regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) as well as the pleiotropic IL-6 showed a biphasic release pattern over time in both low and high doses of amyloid treatment: after an initial increase, their concentration gradually fell to the baseline. The suppressors IL-4 and IL-10 had a sinus-like secretion panel: an acute increase in their levels turned to a depression and later followed by their over-secretion. Interestingly, beta-amyloid below 10(-8) mol/L produced no effect at all, but any molarity above this threshold caused the very same cytokine secretion pattern, the mark of an all-or-nothing response of beta-amyloid peptide. CONCLUSIONS These results delineate a highly organized pro- and anti-inflammatory response of cells to the neuro-toxic peptide. This is the first study to describe how the beta-amyloid-induced inflammatory processes in Alzheimer's dementia are regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio L Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (ICB-UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Sultana R, Butterfield DA. Alterations of some membrane transport proteins in Alzheimer's disease: role of amyloid β-peptide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 4:36-41. [DOI: 10.1039/b715278g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Green KN, Smith IF, Laferla FM. Role of calcium in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and transgenic models. Subcell Biochem 2007; 45:507-21. [PMID: 18193650 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6191-2_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the elderly that is characterized by memory loss. Neuropathologically, the AD brain is marked by an increased AP burden, hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates, synaptic loss, and inflammatory responses. Disturbances in calcium homeostasis are also one of the earliest molecular changes that occur in AD patients, alongside alterations in calcium-dependent enzymes in the post-mortem brain. The sum of these studies suggests that calcium dyshomeostasis is an integral part of the pathology, either influencing AP production, mediating its effects or both. Increasing evidence from in vitro studies demonstrates that the AP peptide could modulate a number of ion channels increasing calcium influx, including voltage-gated calcium and potassium channels, the NMDA receptor, the nicotinic receptor, as well as forming its own calcium-conducting pores. In vivo evidence has shown that A3 impairs both LTP and cognition, whereas all of these ion channels cluster at the synapse and underlie synaptic transmission and hence cognition. Here we consider the evidence that AP causes cognitive deficits through altering calcium homeostasis at the synapse, thus impairing synaptic transmission and LTP. Furthermore, this disruption appearr to occur without overt or extensive neuronal loss, as it is observed in transgenic mouse models of AD, but may contribute to the synaptic loss, which is an early event that correlates best with cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine CA 92697-4545, USA
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Murphy EJ, Huang HM, Cowburn RF, Lannfelt L, Gibson GE. Phospholipid mass is increased in fibroblasts bearing the Swedish amyloid precursor mutation. Brain Res Bull 2006; 69:79-85. [PMID: 16464688 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2005] [Revised: 10/19/2005] [Accepted: 10/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid changes occur in brain regions affected by Alzheimer disease (AD), including a marked reduction in plasmalogens, which could diminish brain function either by directly altering signaling events or by bulk membrane effects. However, model systems for studying the dynamics of lipid biosynthesis in AD are lacking. To determine if fibroblasts bearing the Swedish amyloid precursor protein (swAPP) mutation are a useful model to study the mechanism(s) associated with altered phospholipid biosynthesis in AD, we examined the steady-state phospholipid mass and composition of fibroblasts, including plasmalogens. We found a 15% increase in total phospholipid mass, accounted for by a 24% increase in the combined total of phosphatidylethanolamine and plasmanylethanolamine mass and a 19% increase in the combined total of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) and plasmanycholine (PakCho) mass in the swAPP mutant bearing fibroblasts. Cholesterol mass was unchanged in these cells. The changes in phospholipid mass did not alter the cellular molar composition of the phospholipids nor the cholesterol to phospholipid ratio. While plasmalogen mass was not altered, the ratio of choline plasmalogen (PlsCho) mass to PtdCho+PakCho mass was decreased 16% and there was a 14% reduction in the proportion of PlsCho as a percent of total phospholipids in the swAPP mutant bearing fibroblasts. This change in choline plasmalogen is consistent with the reported decreases in plasmalogen proportions in affected regions of AD brain, suggesting that these cells may serve as a useful model to determine the mechanism underlying changes in plasmalogen biosynthesis in AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Therapeutics and Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, 501 N. Columbia Road, Room 3700, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA.
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Uberti D, Lanni C, Carsana T, Francisconi S, Missale C, Racchi M, Govoni S, Memo M. Identification of a mutant-like conformation of p53 in fibroblasts from sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients. Neurobiol Aging 2005; 27:1193-201. [PMID: 16165254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2004] [Revised: 04/29/2005] [Accepted: 06/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here we show that fibroblasts from sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients specifically express an anomalous and detectable conformational state of p53 that makes these cells distinct from fibroblasts of age-matched non-AD subjects. In particular, we found that, in contrast to non-AD fibroblasts, p53 in AD fibroblasts is expressed at higher levels in resting condition, and presents a significant impairment of its DNA binding and transcriptional activity. All together, these findings figured out the presence of a mutant-like p53 phenotype. However, gene sequencing of the entire p53 gene from either AD or non-AD did not unravel point mutations. Based on immunoprecipitation studies with conformation-specific p53 antibodies (PAb1620 and PAb240), which discriminated folded versus unfolded p53 tertiary structure, we found that a significant amount of p53 assumed an unfolded tertiary structure in fibroblasts from AD patients. This conformational mutant-like p53 form was virtually undetectable in fibroblasts from non-AD patients. These data, independently from their relevance in understanding the etiopathogenesis of AD, might be useful for supporting AD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Uberti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
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Palotás A, Puskás LG, Kitajka K, Palotás M, Molnár J, Pákáski M, Janka Z, Penke B, Kálmán J. The effect of citalopram on gene expression profile of Alzheimer lymphocytes. Neurochem Res 2004; 29:1563-70. [PMID: 15260135 DOI: 10.1023/b:nere.0000029570.57903.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressants are widely used in the treatment of mood disorders associated with dementia, however little information is available on their effect at the molecular level. In certain neurodegenerative disorders, such as in Alzheimer's disease, lymphocytes have been used to assess mirror changes that thought to occur in the brain. Gene expression profiles of lymphocytes from Alzheimer patients have been shown to differ from that seen with controls. To address this issue in light of antidepressant treatment, we used lymphocytes derived from Alzheimer's disease patients and control individuals to assess the impact of the selective serotonine reuptake inhibitor citalopram on gene expression using a cDNA microarray representing 3200 distinct human genes. Sequences that are differentially regulated after treatment with citalopram were identified and categorized based on similarities in biological functions. This analysis revealed that the overexpression of genes in control and Alzheimer white blood cells by citalopram are implicated in cell survival. Apart from this, citalopram did not markedly alter genes involved in other molecular functions in control cells. In contrast, alteration of genes implicated in ionic currents, cell-adhesion, immune mechanism, and adrenergic functions, were also observed in Alzheimer lymphocytes. The expression of genes of Alzheimer lymphocytes by citalopram is modulated differently which may correlate with the pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Palotás
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical and Pharmaceutical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6721 Szeged, Hungary.
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Palotás A, Penke B, Palotás M, Kenderessy AS, Kemény L, Kis E, Vincze G, Janka Z, Kálmán J. Haloperidol Attenuates β-Amyloid-Induced Calcium Imbalance in Human Fibroblasts. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2004; 17:195-9. [PMID: 15258451 DOI: 10.1159/000078823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2003] [Accepted: 05/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotics are widely used in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. A low frequency of Alzheimer's disease in patients with schizophrenia is reported, and it has been proposed that antipsychotic medications, such as haloperidol, may be responsible. Disruption of intracellular calcium levels is considered to play a key role in beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease. Haloperidol has also been reported to interact with calcium homeostasis through dopamine-2 and sigma-1 receptors, and other, yet unknown mechanisms. OBJECTIVE Therefore, we investigated whether differences in the basal intracellular free calcium levels of cultured cutaneous fibroblasts--cells that do not express dopamine-2 and sigma-1 receptors--derived from sporadic Alzheimer patients and from age-matched control individuals after haloperidol treatment might be present. METHODS Intracellular calcium level was measured in Fura-2AM-loaded human fibroblasts by dual wavelength spectrofluorimetry. RESULTS Alzheimer cells exhibited significantly lower calcium level as compared to the control cultures. Exposure of fibroblasts to beta-amyloid peptide resulted in increased calcium concentration of the control cells, but not of Alzheimer fibroblasts. Co-incubation of cultures with a therapeutic dose of haloperidol blocked the beta-amyloid-induced elevation of calcium. CONCLUSION This finding indicates that haloperidol efficiently countervails ionic imbalance and suggests that it may serve as a potential agent in alleviating neurotoxic effects of beta-amyloid peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Palotás
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Zatti G, Ghidoni R, Barbiero L, Binetti G, Pozzan T, Fasolato C, Pizzo P. The presenilin 2 M239I mutation associated with familial Alzheimer's disease reduces Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Neurobiol Dis 2004; 15:269-78. [PMID: 15006697 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2003.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2003] [Revised: 10/17/2003] [Accepted: 11/04/2003] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in presenilin (PS) genes account for the majority of the cases of the familial form of Alzheimer's disease (FAD). PS mutations have been correlated with both over-production of the amyloid-beta-42 (Abeta42) peptide and alterations of cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. We here show, for the first time, the effect of the recently described PS2 FAD-associated M239I mutation on two major parameters of intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis: the Ca(2+) storing capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the activation level of capacitative Ca(2+) entry (CCE), the Ca(2+) influx pathway activated by depletion of intracellular stores. Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores was significantly reduced in fibroblasts from FAD patients, compared to that found in cells from healthy individuals or patients affected by sporadic forms of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). No significant difference was however found in CCE between FAD and control fibroblasts. Similar results were obtained in two cell lines (HEK293 and HeLa) stably or transiently expressing the PS2 M239I mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Zatti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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Palotás A, Penke B, Kemény L, Janka Z, Kálmán J. A chapter in the unity of variety—calcium is the sole author? Brain Res 2004; 1000:57-9. [PMID: 15053951 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2003.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Efforts to elucidate the pathomechanism of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders have yielded an increasing pile of hypotheses. When analyzing thousands of scientific papers, the involvement of the central secondary messenger, calcium, becomes apparent. Here, we demonstrate that disturbed calcium homeostasis might be a common underlying factor in brain pathologies. By targeting calcium, this new information promises to broaden our understanding of health and illness and the approaches we take to treating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Palotás
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Hungary.
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Palotás A, Kálmán J, Palotás M, Kemény L, Janka Z, Penke B. Long-term exposition of cells to beta-amyloid results in decreased intracellular calcium concentration. Neurochem Int 2003; 42:543-7. [PMID: 12590936 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-0186(02)00188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitously present beta-amyloid peptide plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Its neurotoxicity has been blamed on its mal-activity to increase calcium-levels. In the present study, we demonstrate that treatment of fibroblasts with beta-amyloid has, indeed, resulted in a transient rise in the calcium-concentration. Chronic exposition of cultures to the peptide, however, caused a fall in the calcium-level. Apparently, beta-amyloid has biphasic effects: acutely, it increases the calcium-concentration of cells; in contrast, on the long-run, beta-amyloid peptide acts as a calcium-antagonist. Therefore, the idea that beta-amyloid peptide leads to neural degeneration solely by increasing cells' calcium concentration must be replaced with a more complex view of its dual function in intracellular ionic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Palotás
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6721 Szeged, Dóm tér 8, Hungary.
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Palotás A, Kálmán J, Palotás M, Matin K, Szentpáli K, Paszt A, Janka Z, Penke B. Whole blood samples from Alzheimer patients and control donors demonstrate fluorimetric differences. Neurochem Res 2002; 27:1589-91. [PMID: 12515309 DOI: 10.1023/a:1021618523577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Beta-amyloid peptide plays a crucial role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. As part of our ongoing fluorimetric studies, in the present report we demonstrate differences in resting intracellular free calcium levels of cells in the blood derived from sporadic Alzheimer patients and from age-matched control individuals. Calcium levels were measured in Fura-2AM-loaded human blood samples by dual-wavelength spectrofluorimetry. The resting calcium concentrations of blood samples from Alzheimer patients were lower compared to that of the control samples. Exposure of control blood samples to beta-amyloid caused an increase in the calcium level. Specimens from Alzheimer donors, however, appeared to be resistant to the peptide. This simple finding may serve as a springboard to monitoring Alzheimer pathology in the peripheral systems of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Palotás
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6721 Szeged, Dóm tér 8, Hungary.
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Palotás A, Kálmán J, Palotás M, Juhász A, Janka Z, Penke B. Fibroblasts and lymphocytes from Alzheimer patients are resistant to beta-amyloid-induced increase in the intracellular calcium concentration. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2002; 26:971-4. [PMID: 12369273 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-5846(02)00214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A major neuropathological finding in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the presence of senile plaques in certain regions in the brain. The plaques contain extracellular deposits of beta-amyloid peptide (beta AP). Destabilization of intracellular calcium homeostasis in neurons, caused by beta AP, plays a central role in AD pathogenesis. In the present study, the authors report ionic alterations of lymphocytes and fibroblasts harvested from sporadic AD patients and from age-matched controls. Intracellular free calcium level ([Ca2+]i) of human cells, labeled with Fura-2AM, was determined by dual wavelength spectrofluorimetry. Basal [Ca2+]i appeared to be higher in AD lymphocytes when compared to control ones. Resting [Ca2+]i of AD fibroblasts, however, has proven to be lower than that seen with control cells. Exposure of cells to beta AP resulted in the elevation of the [Ca2+]i in both control cell types, however, that of AD lymphocytes and fibroblasts did not differ considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Palotás
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Palotás A, Kálmán J, Palotás M, Juhász A, Janka Z, Penke B. Beta-amyloid-induced increase in the resting intracellular calcium concentration gives support to tell Alzheimer lymphocytes from control ones. Brain Res Bull 2002; 58:203-5. [PMID: 12127018 DOI: 10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00773-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Senile plaques containing beta-amyloid peptide (betaAP) comprise the major neuropathological lesions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In line with ongoing studies investigating alterations of various biochemical processes of cells of peripheral tissues, the authors demonstrate differences in resting intracellular free calcium levels of lymphocytes harvested from sporadic Alzheimer patients and from age-matched controls. Resting intracellular calcium concentration was measured in Fura-2AM-loaded human lymphocytes by dual wavelength spectrofluorimetry. Resting calcium level appeared to be higher in Alzheimer cells when compared to control lymphocytes. After incubating cells in 10(-7)M of beta-amyloid, the resting calcium concentration of the control cells elevated, while that of Alzheimer lymphocytes did not differ considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Palotás
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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