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Wang R, Rao C, Liu Q, Liu X. Optimization of Conditions of Zanthoxylum Alkylamides Liposomes by Response Surface Methodology and the Absorption Characteristics of Liposomes in the Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10992-11004. [PMID: 38463333 PMCID: PMC10918836 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Zanthoxylum alkylamides, as a numbing substance in Zanthoxylum bungeanum has many physiological effects. However, the numbing taste and unstable properties limited its application. This study aimed to optimize the preparation process of Zanthoxylum alkylamides liposomes by response surface methodology (RSM) and to investigate the in vitro absorption characteristics of the liposomes through the Caco-2 cell monolayer model. The process parameters of liposomes were as follows: Zanthoxylum alkylamides was 15 mg, phospholipid-feedstock ratio was 6.14, phospholipid-cholesterol ratio was 8.51, sodium cholate was 33.80 mg, isopropyl myristate was 29.49 mg, and the theoretical encapsulation efficiency of the prepared liposomes could reach 90.23%. Further, the particle size of the liposomes was 155.47 ± 3.16 nm, and the ζ-potential was -34.11 ± 4.34 mV. Meanwhile, the liposomes could be preserved for 14 days under the condition that the content of Zanthoxylum alkylamides was less than 2 mg/mL and the preservation temperature was lower than 25 °C. Moreover, the uptake characteristics of the Zanthoxylum alkylamides liposomes in the Caco-2 cell monolayer model were also investigated. The results showed that the Zanthoxylum alkylamides liposomes could be taken up and absorbed by Caco-2 cells. Also, the Zanthoxylum alkylamides liposomes had a better uptake performance than the unembedded Zanthoxylum alkylamides and conformed to the passive uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- College
of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School
of Public Health, Chengdu University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Chaolong Rao
- State
Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School
of Public Health, Chengdu University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qiuyan Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School
of Public Health, Chengdu University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- College
of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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2
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Shakiba S, Shariati S, Wu H, Astete CE, Cueto R, Fini EH, Rodrigues DF, Sabliov CM, Louie SM. Distinguishing nanoparticle drug release mechanisms by asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation. J Control Release 2022; 352:485-496. [PMID: 36280154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This research demonstrates the development, application, and mechanistic value of a multi-detector asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) approach to acquire size-resolved drug loading and release profiles from polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). AF4 was hyphenated with multiple online detectors, including dynamic and multi-angle light scattering for NP size and shape factor analysis, fluorescence for drug detection, and total organic carbon (TOC) to quantify the NPs and dissolved polymer in nanoformulations. The method was demonstrated on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs loaded with coumarin 6 (C6) as a lipophilic drug surrogate. The bulk C6 release profile using AF4 was validated against conventional analysis of drug extracted from the NPs and complemented with high performance liquid chromatography - quadrupole time-of-flight (HPLC-QTOF) mass spectrometry analysis of oligomeric PLGA species. Interpretation of the bulk drug release profile was ambiguous, with several release models yielding reasonable fits. In contrast, the size-resolved release profiles from AF4 provided critical information to confidently establish the release mechanism. Specifically, the C6-loaded NPs exhibited size-independent release rate constants and no significant NP size or shape transformations, suggesting surface desorption rather than diffusion through the PLGA matrix or erosion. This conclusion was supported through comparative experimental evaluation of PLGA NPs carrying a fully entrapped drug, enrofloxacin, which showed size-dependent diffusive release, along with density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicating a higher adsorption affinity of C6 onto PLGA. In summary, the development of the size-resolved AF4 method and data analysis framework fulfills salient analytical gaps to determine drug localization and release mechanisms from nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyda Shakiba
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, United States
| | - Saba Shariati
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Haoran Wu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, United States
| | - Carlos E Astete
- Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
| | - Rafael Cueto
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
| | - Elham H Fini
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Debora F Rodrigues
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, United States
| | - Cristina M Sabliov
- Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
| | - Stacey M Louie
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, United States.
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3
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Bodin JB, Gateau J, Coïs J, Lucas T, Lefebvre F, Moine L, Noiray M, Cailleau C, Denis S, Clavier G, Tsapis N, Méallet-Renault R. Biocompatible and Photostable Photoacoustic Contrast Agents as Nanoparticles Based on Bodipy Scaffold and Polylactide Polymers: Synthesis, Formulation, and In Vivo Evaluation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:40501-40512. [PMID: 36044427 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We have designed a new Bodipy scaffold for efficient in vivo photoacoustic (PA) imaging of nanoparticles commonly used as drug nanovectors. The new dye has an optimized absorption band in the near-infrared window in biological tissue and a low fluorescence quantum yield that leads to a good photoacoustic generation efficiency. After Bodipy-initiated ring-opening polymerization of lactide, the polylactide-Bodipy was formulated into PEGylated nanoparticles (NPs) by mixing with PLA-PEG at different concentrations. Formulated NPs around 100 nm exhibit excellent PA properties: an absorption band at 760 nm and a molar absorption coefficient in between that of molecular PA absorbers and gold NPs. Highly improved photostability compared to cyanine-labeled PLA NPs as well as innocuity in cultured macrophages were demonstrated. After intravenous injection in healthy animals, NPs were easily detected using a commercial PA imaging system and spectral unmixing, opening the way to their use as theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Bodin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jérôme Gateau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, LIB, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Justine Coïs
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, PPSM, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Théotim Lucas
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, LIB, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Flora Lefebvre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Laurence Moine
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Magali Noiray
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Catherine Cailleau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Stéphanie Denis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Gilles Clavier
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, PPSM, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Tsapis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Rachel Méallet-Renault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
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4
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Alferiev IS, Fishbein I, Levy RJ, Chorny M. Robust Chemical Strategy for Stably Labeling Polyester-Based Nanoparticles with BODIPY Fluorophores. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2022; 4:1196-1206. [PMID: 36060230 PMCID: PMC9432775 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c01601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aliphatic polyesters are among materials most extensively used for producing biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles currently in development as delivery carriers and imaging agents for a range of biomedical applications. Their clinical translation requires robust particle labeling methodologies that allow reliably monitoring the fate of these formulations in complex biological environments. In the present study, a practical and versatile synthetic strategy providing conjugates of poly(D,L-lactide) representative of this class of polymers with BODIPY fluorophores varying in functional groups and excitation/emission maxima was investigated as a tool for making traceable nanoparticles. Polymer-probe conjugation was accomplished by carbodiimide-induced and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridinium 4-toluenesulfonate-catalyzed esterification of the polymer's terminal hydroxyl group, either directly with a carboxy-functionalized fluorophore or with amine-protected amino acids (Boc-glycine or Boc-6-aminohexanoic acid). In the latter case, the amino acid-derivatized polymeric precursors were reacted with amine-reactive BODIPY dyes after the removal of the protective group. Unlike nanoparticles encapsulating a strongly hydrophobic BODIPY505/515 (logPo/w = 4.3), nanoparticles labeled covalently with its carboxy-functionalized analogue (BODIPY FL) demonstrated stable particle-tracer association under perfect sink conditions. Furthermore, in contrast to the encapsulated dye rapidly partitioning from particles onto cell membranes but not stably retained by cultured cells, the internalization of the covalently attached probe was an irreversible process requiring the presence of serum, consistent with active nanoparticle uptake by endocytosis. In conclusion, the conjugation of particle-forming polymers with BODIPY fluorophores offers an effective and accessible labeling strategy for making traceable polyester-based biodegradable nanoparticles and is expected to facilitate their development and optimization as therapeutic carriers and diagnostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan S Alferiev
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, United States; The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, United States
| | - Ilia Fishbein
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, United States; The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, United States
| | - Robert J Levy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, United States; The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, United States
| | - Michael Chorny
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, United States; The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, United States
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5
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Delon L, Gibson R, Prestidge C, Thierry B. Mechanisms of uptake and transport of particulate formulations in the small intestine. J Control Release 2022; 343:584-599. [PMID: 35149142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Micro- and nano-scale particulate formulations are widely investigated towards improving the oral bioavailability of both biologics and drugs with low solubility and/or low intestinal permeability. Particulate formulations harnessing physiological intestinal transport pathways have recently yielded remarkably high oral bioavailabilities, illustrating the need for better understanding the specific pathways underpinning particle small intestinal absorption and the relative role of intestinal cells. Mechanistic knowledge has been hampered by the well acknowledged limitations of current in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo models relevant to the human intestinal physiology and the lack of standardization in studies reporting absorption data. Here we review the relevant literature and critically discusses absorption pathways with a focus on the role of specific intestinal epithelial and immune cells. We conclude that while Microfold (M) cells are a valid target for oral vaccines, enterocytes play a greater role in the systemic bioavailability of orally administrated particulate formulations, particularly within the sub-micron size range. We also comment on less-reported mechanisms such as paracellular permeability of particles, persorption due to cell damage and uptake by migratory immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Delon
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia; Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Rachel Gibson
- Australia School of Allied Health Science and Practice, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Clive Prestidge
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Benjamin Thierry
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia.
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6
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Fan H, Chen Z, Tang H, Shan L, Chen Z, Wang X, Huang D, Liu S, Chen X, Yang H, Hao D. Exosomes derived from olfactory ensheathing cells provided neuroprotection for spinal cord injury by switching the phenotype of macrophages/microglia. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 7:e10287. [PMID: 35600663 PMCID: PMC9115713 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) has been demonstrated to be beneficial for spinal cord injury (SCI) by modulating neuroinflammation, supporting neuronal survival and promoting angiogenesis. Besides OECs, the conditioned medium (CM) from OECs has also been proved to have therapeutic effects for SCI, indicating that the bioactive substances secreted by OECs are essential for its protective effects. Nevertheless, there is still little information regarding the underlying mechanisms. Considering that exosomes are crucial for intercellular communication and could be secreted by different types of cells, we speculated that the therapeutic potential of OECs for SCI might be partially based on their exosomes. To examine whether OECs could secret exosomes, we isolated exosomes by polyethylene glycol‐based method, and identified them by electron microscopy study, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and western blotting. In view of phagocytic ability of microglia and its distinct roles in microenvironment regulation after SCI, we then focused the effects of OECs‐derived exosomes (OECs‐Exo) on microglial phenotypic regulation. We found that the extracted OECs‐Exo could be engulfed by microglia and partially reverse the LPS‐induced pro‐inflammatory polarization through inhibiting NF‐κB and c‐Jun signaling pathways in vitro. Furthermore, OECs‐Exo were found to inhibit the polarization of pro‐inflammatory macrophages/microglia while increased the numbers of anti‐inflammatory cells after SCI. Considering that the neuronal injury is closely related to the activation state of macrophages/microglia, co‐culture of microglia and neurons were performed. Neuronal death induced by LPS‐treated microglia could be significantly alleviated when microglia treated by LPS plus OECs‐Exo in vitro. After SCI, NeuN‐immunostaining and axonal tract‐tracing were performed to assess neuronal survival and axon preservation. Our data showed that the OECs‐Exo promoted the neuronal survival and axon preservation, and facilitated functional recovery after SCI. Our findings provide a promising therapeutic strategy for SCI based on exosome‐immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Fan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
- Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Hai‐Bin Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xi'an Central Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Le‐Qun Shan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Zi‐Yi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Xiao‐Hui Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Da‐Geng Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Shi‐Chang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Xun Chen
- Department of Bone Microsurgery, Hong Hui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
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7
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Kokot B, Kokot H, Umek P, van Midden KP, Pajk S, Garvas M, Eggeling C, Koklič T, Urbančič I, Štrancar J. How to control fluorescent labeling of metal oxide nanoparticles for artefact-free live cell microscopy. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:1102-1123. [PMID: 34612152 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1973607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnologies hold great promise for various applications. To predict and guarantee the safety of novel nanomaterials, it is essential to understand their mechanism of action in an organism, causally connecting adverse outcomes with early molecular events. This is best investigated using noninvasive advanced optical methods, such as high-resolution live-cell fluorescence microscopy, which require stable labeling of nanoparticles with fluorescent dyes. However, as shown here, when the labeling is performed inadequately, unbound fluorescent dyes and inadvertently altered chemical and physical properties of the nanoparticles can result in experimental artefacts and erroneous conclusions. To prevent such unintentional errors, we introduce a tested minimal combination of experimental methods to enable artefact-free fluorescent labeling of metal-oxide nanoparticles-the largest subpopulation of nanoparticles by industrial production and applications-and demonstrate its application in the case of TiO2 nanotubes. We (1) characterize potential changes of the nanoparticles' surface charge and morphology that might occur during labeling by using zeta potential measurements and transmission electron microscopy, respectively, and (2) assess stable binding of the fluorescent dye to the nanoparticles with either fluorescence intensity measurements or fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, which ensures correct nanoparticle localization. Together, these steps warrant the reliability and reproducibility of advanced optical tracking, which is necessary to explore nanomaterials' mechanism of action and will foster widespread and safe use of new nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boštjan Kokot
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Natural sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Hana Kokot
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Stane Pajk
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Applied Optics, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, Germany
| | | | - Iztok Urbančič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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8
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Lin B, Xu X, Zhang X, Yu Y, Wang X. Photodynamic Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Using Chlorin e6-Loaded Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)- Based Nanoparticles. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1939-1950. [PMID: 34706794 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We prepared poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) encapsulated with chlorin e6 (Ce6) in an effort to increase the stability and efficiency of photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). We determined that Ce6-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA-Ce6 NPs) had drug-loading efficiency of 5%. The efficiency of encapsulation was 82%, the zeta potential was- 25 mV, and the average diameter was 130 nm. The encapsulation of Ce6 in PLGA nanoparticles showed excellent stability. The nanoparticles exhibited sustained Ce6 release profiles with 50% released at the end of 3 days, whereas free Ce6 showed rapid release within 1 day. Ce6 release patterns were controlled by encapsulation into PLGA. The uptake of PLGA-Ce6 NPs was significantly enhanced by endocytosis in the first 8 hours in the HCT-116 cell line. An intracellular reactive oxygen species assay revealed the enhanced uptake of the nanoparticles. An in vitro anti-tumor activity assay showed that the PLGA-Ce6 NPs exhibited enhanced phototoxicity toward HCT-116 cells and a slightly lower IC50 value in HCT-116 cells than Ce6 solution alone. Exposure of HCT-116 cell spheroids to PLGA-Ce6 NPs penetrated more profoundly and had better phototoxicity than pure drugs. These findings suggest that PLGA-Ce6 NPs might serve as PDT for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xuegu Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiaobi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yinfei Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
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9
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Fluorescently Labeled PLGA Nanoparticles for Visualization In Vitro and In Vivo: The Importance of Dye Properties. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081145. [PMID: 34452106 PMCID: PMC8399891 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescently labeled nanoparticles are widely used for evaluating their distribution in the biological environment. However, dye leakage can lead to misinterpretations of the nanoparticles' biodistribution. To better understand the interactions of dyes and nanoparticles and their biological environment, we explored PLGA nanoparticles labeled with four widely used dyes encapsulated (coumarin 6, rhodamine 123, DiI) or bound covalently to the polymer (Cy5.5.). The DiI label was stable in both aqueous and lipophilic environments, whereas the quick release of coumarin 6 was observed in model media containing albumin (42%) or liposomes (62%), which could be explained by the different affinity of these dyes to the polymer and lipophilic structures and which we also confirmed by computational modeling (log PDPPC/PLGA: DiI-2.3, Cou6-0.7). The importance of these factors was demonstrated by in vivo neuroimaging (ICON) of the rat retina using double-labeled Cy5.5/Cou6-nanoparticles: encapsulated Cou6 quickly leaked into the tissue, whereas the stably bound Cy.5.5 label remained associated with the vessels. This observation is a good example of the possible misinterpretation of imaging results because the coumarin 6 distribution creates the impression that nanoparticles effectively crossed the blood-retina barrier, whereas in fact no signal from the core material was found beyond the blood vessels.
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10
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Keinänen O, Dayts EJ, Rodriguez C, Sarrett SM, Brennan JM, Sarparanta M, Zeglis BM. Harnessing PET to track micro- and nanoplastics in vivo. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11463. [PMID: 34075133 PMCID: PMC8169765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90929-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The proliferation of plastics in the environment continues at an alarming rate. Plastic particles have been found to be persistent and ubiquitous pollutants in a variety of environments, including sea water, fresh water, soil, and air. In light of this phenomenon, the scientific and medical communities have become increasingly wary of the dangers posed to human health by chronic exposure to microplastics (< 5 mm diameter) and nanoplastics (< 100 nm diameter). A critical component of the study of the health effects of these pollutants is the accurate determination of their pharmacokinetic behavior in vivo. Herein, we report the first use of molecular imaging to track polystyrene (PS) micro- and nanoplastic particles in mammals. To this end, we have modified PS particles of several sizes-diameters of 20 nm, 220 nm, 1 µm, and 6 µm-with the chelator desferrioxamine (DFO) and radiolabeled these DFO-bearing particles with the positron-emitting radiometal zirconium-89 (89Zr; t1/2 ~ 3.3 d). Subsequently, positron emission tomography (PET) was used to visualize the biodistribution of these radioplastics in C57BL/6J mice at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after ingestion. The imaging data reveal that the majority of the radioplastics remain in the gastrointestinal tract and are eliminated through the feces by 48 h post-ingestion, a result reinforced by acute biodistribution studies. Ultimately, this work suggests that nuclear imaging-and PET in particular-can be a sensitive and effective tool in the urgent and rapidly growing effort to study the in vivo behavior and potential toxicity of micro- and nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Outi Keinänen
- grid.212340.60000000122985718Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Eric J. Dayts
- grid.212340.60000000122985718Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Cindy Rodriguez
- grid.212340.60000000122985718Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA ,grid.253482.a0000 0001 0170 7903Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY USA
| | - Samantha M. Sarrett
- grid.212340.60000000122985718Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA ,grid.253482.a0000 0001 0170 7903Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY USA
| | - James M. Brennan
- grid.212340.60000000122985718Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Mirkka Sarparanta
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Brian M. Zeglis
- grid.212340.60000000122985718Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.253482.a0000 0001 0170 7903Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY USA ,grid.253482.a0000 0001 0170 7903Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA
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11
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Guo S, Liang Y, Liu L, Yin M, Wang A, Sun K, Li Y, Shi Y. Research on the fate of polymeric nanoparticles in the process of the intestinal absorption based on model nanoparticles with various characteristics: size, surface charge and pro-hydrophobics. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:32. [PMID: 33499885 PMCID: PMC7839302 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00770-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of drug nanocarriers to encapsulate drugs for oral administration may become an important strategy in addressing the challenging oral absorption of some drugs. In this study-with the premise of controlling single variables-we prepared model nanoparticles with different particle sizes, surface charges, and surface hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity. The two key stages of intestinal nanoparticles (NPs) absorption-the intestinal mucus layer penetration stage and the trans-intestinal epithelial cell stage-were decoupled and analyzed. The intestinal absorption of each group of model NPs was then investigated. RESULTS Differences in the behavioral trends of NPs in each stage of intestinal absorption were found to result from differences in particle properties. Small size, low-magnitude negative charge, and moderate hydrophilicity helped NPs pass through the small intestinal mucus layer more easily. Once through the mucus layer, an appropriate size, positive surface charge, and hydrophobic properties helped NPs complete the process of transintestinal epithelial cell transport. CONCLUSIONS To achieve high drug bioavailability, the basic properties of the delivery system must be suitable for overcoming the physiological barrier of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzi Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanze Liu
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Yin
- China Resources Double-crane Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaoxiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yantai, China
| | - Youxin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yantai, China.
| | - Yanan Shi
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Anwar W, Dawaba HM, Afouna MI, Samy AM, Rashed MH, Abdelaziz AE. Enhancing the Oral Bioavailability of Candesartan Cilexetil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: In Vitro Characterization and Absorption in Rats after Oral Administration. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1047. [PMID: 33142816 PMCID: PMC7692391 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Candesartan Cilexetil (CC) is a prodrug widely used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, but it has some limitations, such as very poor aqueous solubility, high affinity to P-glycoprotein efflux mechanism, and hepatic first-pass metabolism. Therefore, it has very low oral bioavailability. In this study, glyceryl monostearate (GMS) and Capryol™ 90 were selected as solid and liquid lipids, respectively, to develop CC-NLC (nanostructured lipid carrier). CC was successfully encapsulated into NLP (CC-NLC) to enhance its oral bioavailability. CC-NLC was formulated using a hot homogenization-ultrasonication technique, and the physicochemical properties were characterized. The developed CC-NLC formulation was showed in nanometric size (121.6 ± 6.2 nm) with high encapsulation efficiency (96.23 ± 3.14%). Furthermore, it appeared almost spherical in morphology under a transmission electron microscope. The surgical experiment of the designed CC-NLC for absorption from the gastrointestinal tract revealed that CC-NLC absorption in the stomach was only 15.26% of that in the intestine. Otherwise, cellular uptake study exhibit that CC-NLCs should be internalized through the enterocytes after that transported through the systemic circulation. The pharmacokinetic results indicated that the oral bioavailability of CC was remarkably improved above 2-fold after encapsulation into nanostructured lipid carriers. These results ensured that nanostructured lipid carriers have a highly beneficial effect on improving the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs, such as CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Anwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11751, Cairo, Egypt or (H.M.D.); (M.I.A.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Hamdy M. Dawaba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11751, Cairo, Egypt or (H.M.D.); (M.I.A.); (A.M.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Al Qantarah Sharq 41636, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Mohsen I. Afouna
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11751, Cairo, Egypt or (H.M.D.); (M.I.A.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Ahmed M. Samy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11751, Cairo, Egypt or (H.M.D.); (M.I.A.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Mohammed H. Rashed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11751, Cairo, Egypt;
| | - Abdelaziz E. Abdelaziz
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelshiekh University, Kafrelshiekh 33516, Egypt;
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13
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Catarino AI, Frutos A, Henry TB. Use of fluorescent-labelled nanoplastics (NPs) to demonstrate NP absorption is inconclusive without adequate controls. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:915-920. [PMID: 30921723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Whether nanoplastics (NPs) are able to be absorbed across epithelial membranes and accumulate within internal tissues of organisms is an important determinant of their potential toxicity. Evidence of absorption and accumulation requires detection of NPs within internal tissues, and investigations with fluorescently labelled NPs have attempted to provide this information. We hypothesize that studies that do not control for the fluorescent dye leachate and/or cellular autofluorescence are inconclusive and can be misinterpreted. Our goal was to analyse previous investigations critically and conduct further research to determine if fluorescent-labelled polystyrene NPs (nanoPS) can provide conclusive evidence of absorption and internal accumulation of NPs. We exposed zebrafish embryos and larvae to NPs (500 and 1000 nm) labelled with a green or an orange fluorescent dye, to solutions resulting from nanoPS dialysis, and to Nile-Red (a fluorescent dye used as a positive control). Previous studies have claimed that NPs cross epithelia without accounting for dye leachates and/or cellular autofluorescence. Our results demonstrate that commercial fluorescent-labelled nanoPS can leach their fluorophores, and the fluorophore alone can accumulate within internal tissues of zebrafish larvae. We further observed green autofluorescence in fish larvae not exposed to any particles. Previous claims of NP absorption based on observations of fluorescence in zebrafish tissues should thus be considered inconclusive. Although the addition of purification steps and inclusion of controls for leaching of dyes are methodological improvements, the use of fluorescent nanoPS should not be considered to provide absolute conclusive evidence of particle absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Catarino
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences (ILES), Center for Marine Biodiversity & Biotechnology (CMBB), The School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society (EGIS), Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Amelie Frutos
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences (ILES), Center for Marine Biodiversity & Biotechnology (CMBB), The School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society (EGIS), Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; Polytech Nice Sophia, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Campus SophiaTech, 930 route des Colles, BP 145, 06410 Biot Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Theodore B Henry
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences (ILES), Center for Marine Biodiversity & Biotechnology (CMBB), The School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society (EGIS), Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, and Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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14
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Arana L, Bayón-Cordero L, Sarasola LI, Berasategi M, Ruiz S, Alkorta I. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Surface Modification Modulates Cell Internalization and Improves Chemotoxic Treatment in an Oral Carcinoma Cell Line. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9030464. [PMID: 30897724 PMCID: PMC6474192 DOI: 10.3390/nano9030464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) present low toxicity, versatility to incorporate both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs, controlled drug release and they are easy to scale-up. It is well known that the endocytosis pathway by which SLN are taken up and the subsequent subcellular distribution are crucial for the biological effect of the incorporated drug. In addition, interactions between SLN and cells depend on many factors, such as, the composition of nanoparticle surface. In this work different amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine polyethylene glycol (PE–PEG) were added to SLN composed of stearic acid, Epikuron 200 and sodium taurodeoxycholate. Characterization of obtained nanoparticle suspensions were performed by the analysis of particle size, polydispersity index, ζ-potential, cell toxicity and cell internalization pathway. We have observed that the presence of PE–PEG improves active cell internalization of the nanoparticles in an oral adenocarcinoma cell line, reducing non-specific internalization mechanisms. Finally, we have tested the effect of surface coating on the efficiency of incorporated drugs using all-trans retinoic acid as a model drug. We have observed that delivery of this drug into PE–PEG coated SLN increases its chemotoxic effect compared to non-coated SLN. Therefore, it can be concluded that surface modification with PE–PEG improves the efficiency and the specificity of the SLN-loaded drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lide Arana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Laura Bayón-Cordero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Laura Isabel Sarasola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Miren Berasategi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Sandra Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Itziar Alkorta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
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15
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Dal Magro R, Albertini B, Beretta S, Rigolio R, Donzelli E, Chiorazzi A, Ricci M, Blasi P, Sancini G. Artificial apolipoprotein corona enables nanoparticle brain targeting. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 14:429-438. [PMID: 29157979 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many potential therapeutic compounds for brain diseases fail to reach their molecular targets due to the impermeability of the blood-brain barrier, limiting their clinical development. Nanotechnology-based approaches might improve compounds pharmacokinetics by enhancing binding to the cerebrovascular endothelium and translocation into the brain. Adsorption of apolipoprotein E4 onto polysorbate 80-stabilized nanoparticles to produce a protein corona allows the specific targeting of cerebrovascular endothelium. This strategy increased nanoparticle translocation into brain parenchyma, and improved brain nanoparticle accumulation 3-fold compared to undecorated particles (119.8 vs 40.5 picomoles). Apolipoprotein decorated nanoparticles have high clinical translational potential and may improve the development of nanotechnology-based medicine for a variety of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Dal Magro
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center, Neuroscience Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Barbara Albertini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Beretta
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberta Rigolio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Neuroscience Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Donzelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Neuroscience Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessia Chiorazzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Neuroscience Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ricci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Blasi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.
| | - Giulio Sancini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center, Neuroscience Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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16
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Lichtenstein D, Meyer T, Böhmert L, Juling S, Fahrenson C, Selve S, Thünemann A, Meijer J, Estrela-Lopis I, Braeuning A, Lampen A. Dosimetric Quantification of Coating-Related Uptake of Silver Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:13087-13097. [PMID: 28918629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The elucidation of mechanisms underlying the cellular uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) is an important topic in nanotoxicological research. Most studies dealing with silver NP uptake provide only qualitative data about internalization efficiency and do not consider NP-specific dosimetry. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive comparison of the cellular uptake of differently coated silver NPs of comparable size in different human intestinal Caco-2 cell-derived models to cover also the influence of the intestinal mucus barrier and uptake-specialized M-cells. We used a combination of the Transwell system, transmission electron microscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and ion beam microscopy techniques. The computational in vitro sedimentation, diffusion, and dosimetry (ISDD) model was used to determine the effective dose of the particles in vitro based on their individual physicochemical characteristics. Data indicate that silver NPs with a similar size and shape show coating-dependent differences in their uptake into Caco-2 cells. The internalization of silver NPs was enhanced in uptake-specialized M-cells while the mucus did not provide a substantial barrier for NP internalization. ISDD modeling revealed a fivefold underestimation of dose-response relationships of NPs in in vitro assays. In summary, the present study provides dosimetry-adjusted quantitative data about the influence of NP coating materials in cellular uptake into human intestinal cells. Underestimation of particle effects in vitro might be prevented by using dosimetry models and by considering cell models with greater proximity to the in vivo situation, such as the M-cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajana Lichtenstein
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Meyer
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University , Härtelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Linda Böhmert
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Juling
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Fahrenson
- ZELMI, Technical University Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sören Selve
- ZELMI, Technical University Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Thünemann
- German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing , Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Meijer
- Nuclear Solid State Physics, Leipzig University , Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Irina Estrela-Lopis
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University , Härtelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Hascicek C, Sengel-Turk C, Gumustas M, Ozkan A, Bakar F, Das-Evcimen N, Savaser A, Ozkan Y. Fulvestrant-loaded polymer-based nanoparticles for local drug delivery: Preparation and in vitro characterization. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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18
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Sengel-Turk CT, Hascicek C. Design of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for therapy of BPH: Part I. Formulation optimization using a design of experiment approach. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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19
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Medina DX, Householder KT, Ceton R, Kovalik T, Heffernan JM, Shankar RV, Bowser RP, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Sirianni RW. Optical barcoding of PLGA for multispectral analysis of nanoparticle fate in vivo. J Control Release 2017; 253:172-182. [PMID: 28263836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the mechanisms by which systemically administered nanoparticles achieve delivery across biological barriers remains incomplete, due in part to the challenge of tracking nanoparticle fate in the body. Here, we develop a new approach for "barcoding" nanoparticles composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) with bright, spectrally defined quantum dots (QDs) to enable direct, fluorescent detection of nanoparticle fate with subcellular resolution. We show that QD labeling does not affect major biophysical properties of nanoparticles or their interaction with cells and tissues. Live cell imaging enabled simultaneous visualization of the interaction of control and targeted nanoparticles with bEnd.3 cells in a flow chamber, providing direct evidence that surface modification of nanoparticles with the cell-penetrating peptide TAT increases their biophysical association with cell surfaces over very short time periods under convective current. We next developed this technique for quantitative biodistribution analysis in vivo. These studies demonstrate that nanoparticle surface modification with the cell penetrating peptide TAT facilitates brain-specific delivery that is restricted to brain vasculature. Although nanoparticle entry into the healthy brain parenchyma is minimal, with no evidence for movement of nanoparticles across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), we observed that nanoparticles are able to enter to the central nervous system (CNS) through regions of altered BBB permeability - for example, into circumventricular organs in the brain or leaky vasculature of late-stage intracranial tumors. In sum, these data demonstrate a new, multispectral approach for barcoding PLGA, which enables simultaneous, quantitative analysis of the fate of multiple nanoparticle formulations in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David X Medina
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Kyle T Householder
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Ricki Ceton
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Tina Kovalik
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - John M Heffernan
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Rohini V Shankar
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Robert P Bowser
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Robert J Wechsler-Reya
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rachael W Sirianni
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
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20
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Deville S, Hadiwikarta WW, Smisdom N, Wathiong B, Ameloot M, Nelissen I, Hooyberghs J. Transient loading of CD34 + hematopoietic progenitor cells with polystyrene nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:459-472. [PMID: 28138242 PMCID: PMC5238761 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s119407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) offer great opportunities to develop new treatments for numerous malignant and non-malignant diseases. Nanoparticle (NP)-based strategies can further enhance this potential, and therefore a thorough understanding of the loading behavior of HPCs towards NPs is essential for a successful application. The present study focusses on the interaction kinetics of 40 nm sized carboxylated polystyrene (PS) NPs with HPCs. Interestingly, a transient association of the NPs with HPCs is observed, reaching a maximum within 1 hour and declining afterwards. This behavior is not seen in dendritic cells (CD34-DCs) differentiated from HPCs, which display a monotonic increase in NP load. We demonstrate that this transient interaction requires an energy-dependent cellular process, suggesting active loading and release of NPs by HPCs. This novel observation offers a unique approach to transiently equip HPCs. A simple theoretical approach modeling the kinetics of NP loading and release is presented, contributing to a framework of describing this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Deville
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium; Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Nick Smisdom
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium; Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bart Wathiong
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium; Theoretical Physics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Inge Nelissen
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium
| | - Jef Hooyberghs
- VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium; Theoretical Physics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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21
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Leiske MN, Trützschler AK, Armoneit S, Sungur P, Hoeppener S, Lehmann M, Traeger A, Schubert US. Mission ImPOxable – or the unknown utilization of non-toxic poly(2-oxazoline)s as cryoprotectants and surfactants at the same time. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:9102-9113. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02443f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles are produced using hydrophilic poly(2-oxazoline)s (P(Ox)s) as particle stabilizers during preparation, purification and lyophilization as an all-in-one system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike N. Leiske
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Anne-Kristin Trützschler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | | | - Pelin Sungur
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | | | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
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Ye D, Bramini M, Hristov DR, Wan S, Salvati A, Åberg C, Dawson KA. Low uptake of silica nanoparticles in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial barriers. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:1396-1406. [PMID: 28900595 PMCID: PMC5530606 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular barriers, such as the skin, the lung epithelium or the intestinal epithelium, constitute one of the first obstacles facing nanomedicines or other nanoparticles entering organisms. It is thus important to assess the capacity of nanoparticles to enter and transport across such barriers. In this work, Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells were used as a well-established model for the intestinal barrier, and the uptake, trafficking and translocation of model silica nanoparticles of different sizes were investigated using a combination of imaging, flow cytometry and transport studies. Compared to typical observations in standard cell lines commonly used for in vitro studies, silica nanoparticle uptake into well-developed Caco-2 cellular barriers was found to be very low. Instead, nanoparticle association to the apical outer membrane was substantial and these particles could easily be misinterpreted as internalised in the absence of imaging. Passage of nanoparticles through the barrier was very limited, suggesting that the low amount of internalised nanoparticles was due to reduced uptake into cells, rather than a considerable transport through them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- present address: AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co KG, Brain Delivery at Neuroscience Discovery, Knollstraße, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Mattia Bramini
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- present address: Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, L.go Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Delyan R Hristov
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Sha Wan
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Anna Salvati
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- present address: Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christoffer Åberg
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- present address: Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Li P, Nielsen HM, Müllertz A. Impact of Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems on the Transport and Uptake of Insulin Across Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:2743-2751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Muoth C, Rottmar M, Schipanski A, Gmuender C, Maniura-Weber K, Wick P, Buerki-Thurnherr T. A micropatterning approach to study the influence of actin cytoskeletal organization on polystyrene nanoparticle uptake by BeWo cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13782b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The microcontact printing technique was successfully applied to study nanoparticle uptake in dependence on different actin cytoskeletal organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Muoth
- Particles-Biology Interactions
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - M. Rottmar
- Biointerfaces
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - A. Schipanski
- Biointerfaces
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - C. Gmuender
- Particles-Biology Interactions
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - K. Maniura-Weber
- Biointerfaces
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - P. Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - T. Buerki-Thurnherr
- Particles-Biology Interactions
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
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25
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García-González L, Yépez-Mulía L, Ganem A. Effect of β-cyclodextrin on the internalization of nanoparticles into intestine epithelial cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 81:113-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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26
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Grafmueller S, Manser P, Diener L, Diener PA, Maeder-Althaus X, Maurizi L, Jochum W, Krug HF, Buerki-Thurnherr T, von Mandach U, Wick P. Bidirectional Transfer Study of Polystyrene Nanoparticles across the Placental Barrier in an ex Vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:1280-6. [PMID: 25956008 PMCID: PMC4671239 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticle exposure in utero might not be a major concern yet, but it could become more important with the increasing application of nanomaterials in consumer and medical products. Several epidemiologic and in vitro studies have shown that nanoparticles can have potential toxic effects. However, nanoparticles also offer the opportunity to develop new therapeutic strategies to treat specifically either the pregnant mother or the fetus. Previous studies mainly addressed whether nanoparticles are able to cross the placental barrier. However, the transport mechanisms underlying nanoparticle translocation across the placenta are still unknown. OBJECTIVES In this study we examined which transport mechanisms underlie the placental transfer of nanoparticles. METHODS We used the ex vivo human placental perfusion model to analyze the bidirectional transfer of plain and carboxylate modified polystyrene particles in a size range between 50 and 300 nm. RESULTS We observed that the transport of polystyrene particles in the fetal to maternal direction was significantly higher than for the maternal to fetal direction. Regardless of their ability to cross the placental barrier and the direction of perfusion, all polystyrene particles accumulated in the syncytiotrophoblast of the placental tissue. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the syncytiotrophoblast is the key player in regulating nanoparticle transport across the human placenta. The main mechanism underlying this translocation is not based on passive diffusion, but is likely to involve an active, energy-dependent transport pathway. These findings will be important for reproductive toxicology as well as for pharmaceutical engineering of new drug carriers.
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27
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Stability of fluorescent labels in PLGA polymeric nanoparticles: Quantum dots versus organic dyes. Int J Pharm 2015; 494:471-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Grafmueller S, Manser P, Diener L, Maurizi L, Diener PA, Hofmann H, Jochum W, Krug HF, Buerki-Thurnherr T, von Mandach U, Wick P. Transfer studies of polystyrene nanoparticles in the ex vivo human placenta perfusion model: key sources of artifacts. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2015; 16:044602. [PMID: 27877820 PMCID: PMC5090179 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/16/4/044602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding and highly promising new technology with many different fields of application. Consequently, the investigation of engineered nanoparticles in biological systems is steadily increasing. Questions about the safety of such engineered nanoparticles are very important and the most critical subject with regard to the penetration of biological barriers allowing particle distribution throughout the human body. Such translocation studies are technically challenging and many issues have to be considered to obtain meaningful and comparable results. Here we report on the transfer of polystyrene nanoparticles across the human placenta using an ex vivo human placenta perfusion model. We provide an overview of several challenges that can potentially occur in any translocation study in relation to particle size distribution, functionalization and stability of labels. In conclusion, a careful assessment of nanoparticle properties in a physiologically relevant milieu is as challenging and important as the actual study of nanoparticle-cell interactions itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Grafmueller
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Perinatal Pharmacology, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Pius Manser
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Diener
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lionel Maurizi
- Powder Technology Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-André Diener
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Heinrich Hofmann
- Powder Technology Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Jochum
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Harald F. Krug
- Empa, International Research Cooperations Manager, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Ursula von Mandach
- Perinatal Pharmacology, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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29
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Alferiev IS, Iyer R, Croucher JL, Adamo RF, Zhang K, Mangino JL, Kolla V, Fishbein I, Brodeur GM, Levy RJ, Chorny M. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of a rapidly activatable prodrug of SN-38 for neuroblastoma therapy. Biomaterials 2015; 51:22-29. [PMID: 25770994 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine-based strategies have the potential to improve therapeutic performance of a wide range of anticancer agents. However, the successful implementation of nanoparticulate delivery systems requires the development of adequately sized nanocarriers delivering their therapeutic cargo to the target in a protected, pharmacologically active form. The present studies focused on a novel nanocarrier-based formulation strategy for SN-38, a topoisomerase I inhibitor with proven anticancer potential, whose clinical application is compromised by toxicity, poor stability and incompatibility with conventional delivery vehicles. SN-38 encapsulated in biodegradable sub-100 nm sized nanoparticles (NP) in the form of its rapidly activatable prodrug derivative with tocopherol succinate potently inhibited the growth of neuroblastoma cells in a dose- and exposure time-dependent manner, exhibiting a delayed response pattern distinct from that of free SN-38. In a xenograft model of neuroblastoma, prodrug-loaded NP caused rapid regression of established large tumors, significantly delayed tumor regrowth after treatment cessation and markedly extended animal survival. The NP formulation strategy enabled by a reversible chemical modification of the drug molecule offers a viable means for SN-38 delivery achieving sustained intratumoral drug levels and contributing to the potency and extended duration of antitumor activity, both prerequisites for effective treatment of neuroblastoma and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan S Alferiev
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Radhika Iyer
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jamie L Croucher
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Richard F Adamo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kehan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer L Mangino
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Venkatadri Kolla
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ilia Fishbein
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Garrett M Brodeur
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Robert J Levy
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael Chorny
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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30
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Pretor S, Bartels J, Lorenz T, Dahl K, Finke JH, Peterat G, Krull R, Al-Halhouli AT, Dietzel A, Büttgenbach S, Behrends S, Reichl S, Müller-Goymann CC. Cellular Uptake of Coumarin-6 under Microfluidic Conditions into HCE-T Cells from Nanoscale Formulations. Mol Pharm 2014; 12:34-45. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500401t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Pretor
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J. Bartels
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Klinische
Pharmazie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße
1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - T. Lorenz
- Institut für Mikrotechnik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Alte Salzdahlumer Straße 203, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - K. Dahl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J. H. Finke
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - G. Peterat
- Institute for Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - R. Krull
- Institute for Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - A. T. Al-Halhouli
- Institut für Mikrotechnik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Alte Salzdahlumer Straße 203, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - A. Dietzel
- Institut für Mikrotechnik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Alte Salzdahlumer Straße 203, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S. Büttgenbach
- Institut für Mikrotechnik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Alte Salzdahlumer Straße 203, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S. Behrends
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Klinische
Pharmazie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße
1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S. Reichl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - C. C. Müller-Goymann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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31
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Surface association and uptake of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles by Aspergillus flavus. Ther Deliv 2014; 5:1179-90. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To study the interaction of fluorescently tagged nanoparticles with Aspergillus flavus. Materials & methods: Covalently tagged poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (PLGA-tetramethylrhodamine [PLGA-TRITC]), and PLGA-TRITC with entrapped coumarin-6 (double-tagged) nanoparticles, were synthesized using an oil-in-water emulsion evaporation method. Nanoparticle interaction with A. flavus was assessed using fluorescent microscopy. Results: PLGA-TRITC nanoparticles associated with the surface of fungal spores and hyphae, with limited fluorescence observed within the interior. With double-tagged nanoparticles, comparatively more red fluorescence (TRITC) was measured on the fungal surface and more green (coumarin-6) on the interior, resulting from uptake of released coumarin-6. Conclusion: The majority of nanoparticles associated with the fungal surface, while smaller nanoparticles were internalized. Surface association between polymeric nanoparticles and A. flavus may facilitate content uptake.
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Cell localisation of gadolinium-based nanoparticles and related radiosensitising efficacy in glioblastoma cells. Cancer Nanotechnol 2014; 5:6. [PMID: 25328549 PMCID: PMC4192560 DOI: 10.1186/s12645-014-0006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the addition of nanoparticles (NPs) has been proposed as a new strategy to enhance the effect of radiotherapy particularly in the treatment of aggressive tumors such as glioblastoma. The physical processes involved in radiosensitisation by nanoparticles have been well studied although further understanding of its biological impact is still lacking, and this includes the localisation of these NPs in the target cells. Most studies were performed with NPs tagged with fluorescent markers. However, the presence of these markers can influence the NPs uptake and localisation. In this study, a set of methods was used to unambiguously and fully characterise the uptake of label-free NPs, their co-localisation with cell organelles, and their radiosensitising efficacy. This set was applied to the case of gadolinium-based nanoparticles (GdBN) used to amplify the radiation killing of U87 glioblastoma cells extracted from highly aggressive human tumor. For the first time, Synchrotron Radiation Deep UV (SR-DUV) microscopy is proposed as a new tool to track label-free GdBN. It confirmed the localisation of the NPs in the cytoplasm of U87 cells and the absence of NPs in the nucleus. In a second step, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that GdBN penetrate cells by endocytosis. Third, using confocal microscopy it was found that GdBN co-localise with lysosomes but not with mitochondria. Finally, clonogenic assay measurements proved that the presence of NPs in the lysosomes induces a neat amplification of the killing of glioblastoma cells irradiated by gamma rays. The set of combined experimental protocols—TEM, SR-DUV and confocal microscopy—demonstrates a new standard method to study the localisation of label-free NPs together with their radiosensitising properties. This will further the understanding of NP-induced radiosentisation and contribute to the development of nanoagents for radiotherapy.
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33
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Coumarin 6 as a fluorescent model drug: How to identify properties of lipid colloidal drug delivery systems via fluorescence spectroscopy? EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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34
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You X, Xing Q, Tuo J, Song W, Zeng Y, Hu H. Optimizing surfactant content to improve oral bioavailability of ibuprofen in microemulsions: Just enough or more than enough? Int J Pharm 2014; 471:276-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Glycan-targeted drug delivery for intravesical therapy: in the footsteps of uropathogenic bacteria. Ther Deliv 2014; 5:537-53. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The human urothelium belongs to the most efficient biobarriers, and represents a highly rewarding but challenging target for local drug administration. Inadequate urothelial bioavailability is a major obstacle for successful treatment of bladder cancer and other diseases, yet little research has addressed the development of advanced delivery concepts for the intravesical route. A prominent example of how to overcome the urothelial barrier by means of specific biorecognition is the efficient cytoinvasion of UPEC bacteria, mediated by the mannose-targeted lectin domain FimH. Similar mechanisms of non-bacterial origin may be exploited for enhancing drug uptake from the bladder cavity. This review covers the current status in the development of lectin-based delivery strategies for the urinary tract. Different concepts for preparing and optimizing carbohydrate-targeted delivery systems are presented, along with important design parameters, benefits and shortcomings. Bioconjugate- and nano-/microparticle-based systems are discussed in further detail with regard to their performance in preclinical testing.
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Abstract
The current regimen of chemotherapy is far from satisfactory--its efficiency is limited and patients suffer from serious side effects. Various drug delivery devices have been under intensive investigation in the past few decades in attempts to develop controlled and targeted methods of chemotherapy administration. This article reviews the latest developments in nanoparticles of biodegradable polymers for chemotherapy of cancer and other diseases such as cardiovascular restenosis. The preliminary results obtained in the author's laboratory are used to demonstrate the concept. This review is written with the belief that engineering, in particular, chemical engineering principles, can be applied and further developed to solve the problems in the current practice of chemotherapy and promote a new concept of chemotherapy - chemotherapy at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Shen Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260.
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37
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A new tool to ensure the fluorescent dye labeling stability of nanocarriers: A real challenge for fluorescence imaging. J Control Release 2013; 170:334-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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38
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Neutsch L, Wirth EM, Spijker S, Pichl C, Kählig H, Gabor F, Wirth M. Synergistic targeting/prodrug strategies for intravesical drug delivery--lectin-modified PLGA microparticles enhance cytotoxicity of stearoyl gemcitabine by contact-dependent transfer. J Control Release 2013; 169:62-72. [PMID: 23588390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The direct access to the urothelial tissue via intravesical therapy has emerged as a promising means for reducing the high recurrence rate of bladder cancer. However, few advanced delivery concepts have so far been evaluated to overcome critical inherent efficacy limitations imposed by short exposure times, low tissue permeability, and extensive washout. This study reports on a novel strategy to enhance gemcitabine treatment impact on urothelial cells by combining a pharmacologically advantageous prodrug approach with the pharmacokinetic benefits of a glycan-targeted carrier system. The conversion of gemcitabine to its 4-(N)-stearoyl derivative (GEM-C₁₈) allowed for stable, homogeneous incorporation into PLGA microparticles (MP) without compromising intracellular drug activation. Fluorescence-labeled GEM-C₁₈-PLGA-MP were surface-functionalized with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) or human serum albumin (HSA) to assess in direct comparison the impact of biorecognitive interaction on binding rate and anchoring stability. MP adhesion on urothelial cells of non-malignant origin (SV-HUC-1), and low- (5637) or high-grade (HT-1376) carcinoma was correlated to the resultant antiproliferative and antimetabolic effect in BrdU and XTT assays. More extensive and durable binding of the WGA-GEM-C₁₈-PLGA-MP induced a change in the pharmacological profile and substantially higher cytotoxicity, allowing for maximum response within the temporal restrictions of instillative administration (120 min). Mechanistically, a direct, contact-dependent transfer of stearoyl derivatives from the particle matrix to the urothelial membrane was found to account for this effect. With versatile options for future application, our results highlight the potential offered by the synergistic implementation of targeting/prodrug strategies in delivery systems tailored to the intravesical route.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Neutsch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Vienna A 1090, Austria
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Zhang Z, Huang J, Jiang S, Liu Z, Gu W, Yu H, Li Y. Porous starch based self-assembled nano-delivery system improves the oral absorption of lipophilic drug. Int J Pharm 2013; 444:162-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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40
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Li Z, li B, Wang M, Xie M, Shen H, Shen S, Wang X, Guo X, Yao M, Jin Y. The role of endosome evasion bypass in the reversal of multidrug resistance by lipid/nanoparticle assemblies. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:1466-1474. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb00386h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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41
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Yang H, Tyagi P, Kadam RS, Holden CA, Kompella UB. Hybrid dendrimer hydrogel/PLGA nanoparticle platform sustains drug delivery for one week and antiglaucoma effects for four days following one-time topical administration. ACS NANO 2012; 6:7595-606. [PMID: 22876910 DOI: 10.1021/nn301873v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel hybrid polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer hydrogel/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle platform (HDNP) for codelivery of two antiglaucoma drugs, brimonidine and timolol maleate. This platform was not cytotoxic to human corneal epithelial cells. Cellular uptake of Nile red-encapsulating PLGA nanoparticles was significantly increased by dendrimer hydrogel. A prolonged residence time of nanoparticles was demonstrated through investigation of FluoSpheres loaded into dendrimer hydrogel. Both brimonidine and timolol maleate were slowly released in vitro over a period of 28-35 days. Following topical administration of one eye drop (30 μL of 0.7% w/v brimonidine and 3.5% w/v timolol maleate) in normotensive adult Dutch-belted male rabbits, the HDNP formulation resulted in a sustained and effective IOP reduction (18% or higher) for 4 days. Furthermore, the HDNP maintained significantly higher concentrations of brimonidine in aqueous humor and cornea as well as timolol maleate in the aqueous humor, cornea, and conjunctiva up to 7 days as compared to saline, DH, and PLGA nanoparticle dosage forms, without inducing ocular inflammation or discomfort. Histological analysis of the cornea and conjunctiva did not reveal any morphological or structural changes. Our work demonstrated that this new platform is capable of enhancing drug bioavailability and sustaining effective IOP reduction over an extended period of time. This newly developed platform can greatly reduce dosing frequency of topical formulations, thus, improving long-term patient compliance and reducing enormous societal and economic costs. Given its high structural adaptability, many other chronic ocular diseases would benefit from long-lasting drug delivery of this new platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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Zhang Z, Gao F, Bu H, Xiao J, Li Y. Solid lipid nanoparticles loading candesartan cilexetil enhance oral bioavailability: in vitro characteristics and absorption mechanism in rats. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2012; 8:740-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Zhang N, Ding E, Feng X, Xu Y, Cai H. Synthesis, characterizations of dye-doped silica nanoparticles and their application in labeling cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 89:133-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Reul R, Tsapis N, Hillaireau H, Sancey L, Mura S, Recher M, Nicolas J, Coll JL, Fattal E. Near infrared labeling of PLGA for in vivo imaging of nanoparticles. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py00520d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Musyanovych A, Dausend J, Dass M, Walther P, Mailänder V, Landfester K. Criteria impacting the cellular uptake of nanoparticles: a study emphasizing polymer type and surfactant effects. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:4160-8. [PMID: 21855659 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the particle-cell interaction is essential and of immense interest in order to create a "specific carrier" for each particular application. In this paper, the effect of the surfactant type (non-ionic vs ionic) and polymer nature on the cellular uptake of fluorescent polystyrene and poly(L-lactide) nanoparticles was studied on HeLa cells. Nanoparticles in a size range from 100 to 160 nm were synthesized by the miniemulsion process. The particles were detected in cells by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. It was found that the influence of the surface charge is greater than that of the polymer type itself. In fact, particles stabilized with cationic surfactant were incorporated in a large number irrespective of polymer type. Cellular pathways at ultrastructural level were studied by transmission electron microscopy in more detail to shed light on the particle-cell interaction based on the material properties. The criteria governing the cellular uptake of nanoparticles based on the polymer and surfactant types are finally established.
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Models for oral uptake of nanoparticles in consumer products. Toxicology 2011; 291:10-7. [PMID: 22120540 PMCID: PMC3273702 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Presently, many consumer products contain nano-sized materials (NMs) to improve material properties, product quality and ease of use. NMs in food additives and in cosmetic articles (e.g., tooth paste) may be taken up by the oral route. As adverse effects of environmental nanoparticles, like ultrafine particles, have been reported, consumers worry about potential risks when using products containing NMs. The review focuses on metal and metal oxide NMs as common additives in tooth paste and in food industry and exposure by the oral route. Testing of NMs for oral exposure is very complex because differences in the diet, in mucus secretion and composition, in pH, in gastrointestinal transit time and in gastrointestinal flora influence NM uptake. Acellular (mucus, saliva) and epithelial layer of the orogastrointestinal barrier are described. Expected exposure doses, interaction of the NMs with mucus and permeation through the epithelium as well as in vivo data are mentioned. The role of in vitro models for the study of parameters relevant for ingested NMs is discussed.
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Van de Ven H, Vermeersch M, Vandenbroucke RE, Matheeussen A, Apers S, Weyenberg W, De Smedt SC, Cos P, Maes L, Ludwig A. Intracellular drug delivery in Leishmania-infected macrophages: Evaluation of saponin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles. J Drug Target 2011; 20:142-54. [PMID: 22080813 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2011.595491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems present an opportunity to potentiate the therapeutic effect of antileishmanial drugs. Colloidal carriers are rapidly cleared by the phagocytic cells of the reticuloendothelial system (RES), rendering them ideal vehicles for passive targeting of antileishmanials. This paper describes the development of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) for the antileishmanial saponin β-aescin. NPs were prepared using the combined emulsification solvent evaporation/salting-out technique. Confocal microscopy was used to visualise the internalisation and intracellular trafficking of fluorescein- and nile red-labelled PLGA NPs in J774A.1 macrophages infected with GFP-transfected Leishmania donovani. The in vitro activity of aescin and aescin-loaded NPs on L. infantum was determined in the axenic model as well as in the ex vivo model. The developed PLGA NPs were monodispersed with Z(ave)<300 nm, exhibited negative zeta potentials and had relatively high drug loadings ranging from 5.80 to 8.68% w/w PLGA. The fluorescent NPs were internalised by the macrophages and trafficked towards the lysosomes after 2 h in vitro incubation. Co-localisation of the NPs and the parasite was not shown. A two-fold increase in activity was observed in the ex vivo macrophage model by encapsulating β-aescin in PLGA NPs (IC(50), 0.48-0.76 µg/mL vs. 1.55 ± 0.32 µg/mL for the free drug).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Van de Ven
- University of Antwerp, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Universiteitsplein 1, CDE, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), 2610 Belgium.
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Mura S, Hillaireau H, Nicolas J, Le Droumaguet B, Gueutin C, Zanna S, Tsapis N, Fattal E. Influence of surface charge on the potential toxicity of PLGA nanoparticles towards Calu-3 cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:2591-605. [PMID: 22114491 PMCID: PMC3218574 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s24552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Because of the described hazards related to inhalation of manufactured nanoparticles, we investigated the lung toxicity of biodegradable poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles displaying various surface properties on human bronchial Calu-3 cells. Methods Positively and negatively charged as well as neutral nanoparticles were tailored by coating their surface with chitosan, Poloxamer, or poly (vinyl alcohol), respectively. Nanoparticles were characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, and surface chemical composition, confirming modifications provided by hydrophilic polymers. Results Although nanoparticle internalization by lung cells was clearly demonstrated, the cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was very limited, with an absence of inflammatory response, regardless of the surface properties of the PLGA nanoparticles. Conclusion These in vitro results highlight the safety of biodegradable PLGA nanoparticles in the bronchial epithelium and provide initial data on their potential effects and the risks associated with their use as nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mura
- Univ Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, Châtenay Malabry, F-92296, France
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Tenuta T, Monopoli MP, Kim J, Salvati A, Dawson KA, Sandin P, Lynch I. Elution of labile fluorescent dye from nanoparticles during biological use. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25556. [PMID: 21998668 PMCID: PMC3188558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells act as extremely efficient filters for elution of unbound fluorescent tags or impurities associated with nanoparticles, including those that cannot be removed by extensive cleaning. This has consequences for quantification of nanoparticle uptake and sub-cellular localization in vitro and in vivo as a result of the presence of significant amount of labile dye even following extensive cleaning by dialysis. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) can be used to monitor the elution of unbound fluorescent probes from nanoparticles, either commercially available or synthesized in-house, and to ensure their complete purification for biological studies, including cellular uptake and sub-cellular localisation. Very different fluorescence distribution within cells is observed after short dialysis times versus following extensive dialysis against a solvent in which the free dye is more soluble, due to the contribution from free dye. In the absence of an understanding of the presence of residual free dye in (most) labeled nanoparticle solutions, the total fluorescence intensity in cells following exposure to nanoparticle solutions could be mis-ascribed to the presence of nanoparticles through the cell, rather than correctly assigned to either a combination of free-dye and nanoparticle-bound dye, or even entirely to free dye depending on the exposure conditions (i.e. aggregation of the particles etc). Where all of the dye is nanoparticle-bound, the particles are highly localized in sub-cellular organelles, likely lysosomes, whereas in a system containing significant amounts of free dye, the fluorescence is distributed through the cell due to the free diffusion of the molecule dye across all cellular barriers and into the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Tenuta
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marco P. Monopoli
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - JongAh Kim
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna Salvati
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kenneth A. Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Sandin
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Iseult Lynch
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Patel NR, Damann K, Leonardi C, Sabliov CM. Size dependency of PLGA-nanoparticle uptake and antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 6:1381-95. [PMID: 21651442 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Itraconazole and coumarin-6 loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid-nanoparticles (PLGA-ITZ- and PLGA-C6-NPs) were synthesized and tested for fungal cell uptake and antifungal ability based on particle size. MATERIALS & METHODS PLGA-ITZ- and PLGA-C6-NPs were synthesized using an oil-in-water emulsion evaporation method. Fungal cell uptake and antifungal activity of the polymeric NPs was tested on Aspergillus flavus. RESULTS PLGA-C6-NPs of 203 nm associated with fungal cell surfaces and internalized efficiently, while 1206 nm NPs associated with cell surfaces were internalized less efficiently. Antifungal studies of PLGA-ITZ-NPs of 232, 630 and 1060 nm showed differences in inhibitory activity with 232 nm NPs showing superior activity at the lowest ITZ concentration of 0.003 mg/ml, followed by 630 and 1060 nm NPs. No differences in antifungal activity were observed at higher ITZ concentrations. CONCLUSION The PLGA-ITZ-NP system can increase bioavailability of ITZ by improving its aqueous dispersibility and efficiently delivering ITZ to fungal cells via endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipur R Patel
- Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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