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Rostamnezhad M, Mireskandari K, Rouini MR, Ansari S, Darabi M, Vatanara A. Screening of Cyclodextrins in the Processing of Buserelin Dry Powders for Inhalation Prepared by Spray Freeze-Drying. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:772-783. [PMID: 38022810 PMCID: PMC10676555 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this study, we prepared inhalable buserelin microparticles using the spray freeze-drying (SFD) method for pulmonary drug delivery. Raffinose as a cryoprotectant carrier was combined with two levels of five different cyclodextrins (CDs) and then processed by SFD. Methods Dry powder diameters were evaluated by laser light scattering and morphology was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were utilized for the determination of crystalline structures. The aerodynamic properties of the spray freeze-dried powders were evaluated by twin stage impinger (TSI) and the stability of prepared samples was assessed under normal and accelerated conditions. Results The prepared powders were mostly porous spheres and the size of microparticles ranged from 9.08 to 13.53 μm, which are suitable as spray-freeze dried particles. All formulations showed amorphous structure confirmed by DSC and XRD. The aerosolization performance of the formulation containing buserelin, raffinose and 5% beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), was the highest and its fine particle fraction (FPF) was 69.38%. The more circular and separated structures were observed in higher concentrations of CDs, which were compatible with FPFs. The highest stability was obtained in the formulation containing hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-16. CD) 5%. On the contrary, sulfobutylether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) 5% bearing particles showed the least stability. Conclusion By adjusting the type and ratio of CDs in the presence of raffinose, the prepared formulations could effectively enhance the aerosolization and stability of buserelin. Therefore, they can be proposed as a suitable career for lung drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Rostamnezhad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoon Mireskandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rouini
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Ansari
- CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- CinnaGen Research and Production Co., Alborz, Iran
| | - Majid Darabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Vatanara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kim S, Cheikhali M, Davé RN. Decoding Fine API Agglomeration as a Key Indicator of Powder Flowability and Dissolution: Impact of Particle Engineering. Pharm Res 2022; 39:3079-3098. [PMID: 35698012 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03293-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fine API agglomeration and its mitigation via particle engineering, i.e., dry coating, remains underexplored. The purpose was to investigate agglomeration before and after dry coating of fine cohesive APIs and impact on powder processability, i.e., flowability (FFC), bulk density (BD), and dissolution of BCS Class II drugs. METHOD Ibuprofen (three sizes), fenofibrate, and griseofulvin (5-20 µm), before and after dry coating with varying amounts of hydrophobic (R972P) or hydrophilic (A200) nano- silica, were assessed for agglomeration, FFC, BD, surface energy, wettability, and dissolution. The granular Bond number (Bog), a dimensionless parameter, evaluated through material-sparing particle-scale measures and particle-contact models, was used to express relative powder cohesion. RESULTS Significant powder processability improvements after dry coating were observed: FFC increased by multiple flow regimes, BD increased by 25-100%, agglomerate ratio (AR) reduction by over an order of magnitude, and greatly enhanced API dissolution rate even with hydrophobic (R972P) silica coating. Scrutiny of particle-contact models revealed non-triviality in estimating API surface roughness, which was managed through the assessment of measured bulk properties. A power-law correlation was identified between AR and Bog and subsequently, between AR and FFC & bulk density; AR below 5 ensured improved processability and dissolution. CONCLUSION Agglomeration, an overlooked material-sparing measure for powder cohesiveness, was a key indicator of powder processability and dissolution. The significant agglomerate reduction was possible via dry coating with either silica type at adequate surface area coverage. Reduced agglomeration after dry coating also countered the adverse impact of increased surface hydrophobicity on dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangah Kim
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, 07102, USA
| | - Mirna Cheikhali
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, 07102, USA
| | - Rajesh N Davé
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, 07102, USA.
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3
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Spray Freeze Drying of Biologics: A Review and Applications for Inhalation Delivery. Pharm Res 2022; 40:1115-1140. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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4
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Ren J, Liao M, Ma L, Chen F, Liao X, Hu X, Miao S, Fitzpatrick J, Ji J. Effect of spray freeze drying on the structural modification and rehydration characteristics of micellar casein powders. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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5
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Gupta A, Paudwal G, Dolkar R, Lewis S, Gupta PN. Recent advances in the surfactant and controlled release polymer-based solid dispersion. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1643-1659. [PMID: 35209818 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220223095417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The oral route is the most preferred delivery route for drug administration due to its advantages such as lower cost, improved patient compliance, no need for trained personnel and the drug reactions are generally less severe. The major problem with new molecules in the drug discovery pipeline is poor solubility and dissolution rate that ultimately results in low oral bioavailability. Numerous techniques are available for solubility and bioavailability (BA) enhancement, but out of all, solid dispersion (SD) is proven to be the most feasible due to the least issues in manufacturing, processing, storage, and transportation. In the past few years, SD had been extensively applied to reinforce the common issues of insoluble drugs. Currently, many hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers are used to prepare either immediate release or controlled release SDs. Therefore, the biological behavior of the SDs is contingent upon the use of appropriate polymeric carriers and methods of preparation. The exploration of novel carriers and methodologies in SD technology leads to improved BA and therapeutic effectiveness. Moreover, the clinical applicability of SD-based formulations has been increased with the discovery of novel polymeric carriers. In this review, emphasis is laid down on the present status of recent generations of SDs (i.e., surfactant and controlled release polymer-based SD) and their application in modifying the physical properties of the drug and modulation of pharmacological response in different ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Gupta
- PK-PD Tox & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180002, India
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MAHE, Manipal-576104, India
| | - Gourav Paudwal
- PK-PD Tox & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Rigzin Dolkar
- PK-PD Tox & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Shaila Lewis
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MAHE, Manipal-576104, India
| | - Prem N Gupta
- PK-PD Tox & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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Rostamnezhad M, Jafari H, Moradikhah F, Bahrainian S, Faghihi H, Khalvati R, Bafkary R, Vatanara A. Spray Freeze-Drying for inhalation application: Process and Formulation Variables. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 27:251-267. [PMID: 34935582 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.2021941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
High porous particles with specific aerodynamic properties were processed by the spray freeze-drying (SFD) method. Comprehensive knowledge about all aspects of the SFD method is required for particle engineering of various pharmaceutical products with good flow properties. In this review, different types of the SFD method, the most frequently employed excipients, properties of particles prepared by this method, and most recent approaches concerning SFD are summarized. Generally, this technique can prepare spherical-shaped particles with a highly porous interior structure, responsible for the very low density of powders. Increasing the solubility of spray freeze-dried formulations achieves the desired efficacy. Also, due to the high efficiency of SFD, by determining the different features of this method and optimizing the process by model-based studies, desirable results for various inhaled products can be achieved and significant progress can be made in the field of pulmonary drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Rostamnezhad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari
- Department of Food and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Moradikhah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Bahrainian
- Aerosol Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Faghihi
- School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khalvati
- Food and Drug Administration, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Reza Bafkary
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Alireza Vatanara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bhujbal SV, Mitra B, Jain U, Gong Y, Agrawal A, Karki S, Taylor LS, Kumar S, (Tony) Zhou Q. Pharmaceutical amorphous solid dispersion: A review of manufacturing strategies. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2505-2536. [PMID: 34522596 PMCID: PMC8424289 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) are popular for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Various approaches have been employed to produce ASDs and novel techniques are emerging. This review provides an updated overview of manufacturing techniques for preparing ASDs. As physical stability is a critical quality attribute for ASD, the impact of formulation, equipment, and process variables, together with the downstream processing on physical stability of ASDs have been discussed. Selection strategies are proposed to identify suitable manufacturing methods, which may aid in the development of ASDs with satisfactory physical stability.
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Key Words
- 3DP, three-dimensional printing
- ASDs, amorphous solid dispersions
- ASES, aerosol solvent extraction system
- Amorphous solid dispersions
- CAP, cellulose acetate phthalate
- CO2, carbon dioxide
- CSG, continuous-spray granulation
- Co-precipitation
- Downstream processing
- Drug delivery
- EPAS, evaporative aqueous solution precipitation
- Eudragit®, polymethacrylates derivatives
- FDM, fused deposition modeling
- GAS, gas antisolvent
- HME, hot-melt extrusion
- HPC, hydroxypropyl cellulose
- HPMC, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
- HPMCAS, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate
- HPMCP, hypromellose phthalate
- Manufacturing
- Melting process
- PCA, precipitation with compressed fluid antisolvent
- PGSS, precipitation from gas-saturated solutions
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid
- PVP, polyvinylpyrrolidone
- PVPVA, polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate
- RESS, rapid expansion of a supercritical solution
- SAS, supercritical antisolvent
- SCFs, supercritical fluids
- SEDS, solution-enhanced dispersion by SCF
- SLS, selective laser sintering
- Selection criteria
- Soluplus®, polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer
- Solvent evaporation
- Stability
- Tg, glass transition temperature
- USC, ultrasound compaction
- scCO2, supercritical CO2
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal V. Bhujbal
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Biplob Mitra
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Uday Jain
- Material Science and Engineering, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Yuchuan Gong
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Anjali Agrawal
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Shyam Karki
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Qi (Tony) Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Wang L, Su M. The Agglomeration of Niacin Crystals in the Cooling Crystallization Process. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.202000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology 8 Guangrong Road, Hongqiao District Tianjin 300130 China
| | - Min Su
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology 8 Guangrong Road, Hongqiao District Tianjin 300130 China
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9
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The application of freeze-drying as a production method of drug nanocrystals and solid dispersions – A review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Lai F, Schlich M, Pireddu R, Fadda AM, Sinico C. Nanocrystals as Effective Delivery Systems of Poorly Water-soluble Natural Molecules. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4657-4680. [PMID: 30543163 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666181213095809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are an important source of therapeutically effective compounds throughout the world. Since ancient times, a huge amount of both plant extracts and isolated compounds have been largely employed in treatment and prevention of human disorders and, currently, more than 60% of the world's population trusts on plant medicaments as demonstrated by the increasing quantity of herbal therapeutics in the market. Unfortunately, several promising natural molecules for the treatment of the most diverse ailments are characterized by extremely unfavourable features, such as low water solubility and poor/irregular bioavailability, which hinder their clinical use. To overcome these limitations and to make herbal therapy more effective, different formulative approaches have been employed. Among the different strategies for increasing drug solubility, nanocrystals can be considered one of the most interesting and successful approaches. Drug nanocrystals are nanosized drug particles usually formulated as nanosuspensions, namely submicron dispersions in liquid media where surfactants, polymers, or a mixture of both act as stabilisers. In this review, we described the most significant results and progresses concerning drug nanocrystal formulations for the delivery of natural compounds with a significant pharmacological activity. The text is organized in nine sections, each focusing on a specific poorly water- soluble natural compound (apigenin, quercetin, rutin, curcumin, baicalin and baicalein, hesperetin and hesperidin, resveratrol, lutein, silybin). To foster the clinical translation of these natural nanomedicines, our opinion is that future research should pair the essential pharmacokinetic studies with carefully designed pre-clinical experiments, able to prove the formulation efficacy in relevant animal models in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lai
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michele Schlich
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosa Pireddu
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Fadda
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Chiara Sinico
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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Tao C, Yu Y, Chen Z, Zhang M, Liu L, Liu Z, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Song H. Effect of mesopores on solidification of sirolimus self-microemulsifying drug delivery system. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Hadipour Moghaddam SP, Farhat S, Vatanara A. Porous Microparticles Containing Raloxifene Hydrochloride Tailored by Spray Freeze Drying for Solubility Enhancement. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:217-223. [PMID: 30023323 PMCID: PMC6046433 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The goal of this study was to improve the solubility and dissolution behavior of Raloxifene Hydrochloride (RH) using Spray Freeze Drying (SFD) technique. Methods: For achieving this goal, series of samples containing RH with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin (HPβCD) used as solubility enhancers were prepared and microparticles were formed via SFD. The resultant microparticles were physicochemically characterized. Morphology of the microparticles were observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used for analyzing the solubility and dissolution profile of the samples. Results: Fourier Transmission Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that SFD processed compositions did not affect chemical structure of RH. SEM and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) revealed that the fabricated spherical and highly porous microparticles were in amorphous state. SFD processed powders showed superior solubility and dissolution behavior; where, 80% of the drug was dissolved within 5 minutes. Conclusion: SFD method can be a promising alternative for enhancing the solubility of poorly water soluble compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Pouya Hadipour Moghaddam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.,Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sajjad Farhat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Vatanara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ellenberger DJ, Miller DA, Kucera SU, Williams RO. Improved Vemurafenib Dissolution and Pharmacokinetics as an Amorphous Solid Dispersion Produced by KinetiSol® Processing. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018. [PMID: 29541940 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-0988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vemurafenib is a poorly soluble, low permeability drug that has a demonstrated need for a solubility-enhanced formulation. However, conventional approaches for amorphous solid dispersion production are challenging due to the physiochemical properties of the compound. A suitable and novel method for creating an amorphous solid dispersion, known as solvent-controlled coprecipitation, was developed to make a material known as microprecipitated bulk powder (MBP). However, this approach has limitations in its processing and formulation space. In this study, it was hypothesized that vemurafenib can be processed by KinetiSol into the same amorphous formulation as MBP. The KinetiSol process utilizes high shear to rapidly process amorphous solid dispersions containing vemurafenib. Analysis of the material demonstrated that KinetiSol produced amorphous, single-phase material with acceptable chemical purity and stability. Values obtained were congruent to analysis conducted on the comparator material. However, the materials differed in particle morphology as the KinetiSol material was dense, smooth, and uniform while the MBP comparator was porous in structure and exhibited high surface area. The particles produced by KinetiSol had improved in-vitro dissolution and pharmacokinetic performance for vemurafenib compared to MBP due to slower drug nucleation and recrystallization which resulted in superior supersaturation maintenance during drug release. In the in-vivo rat pharmacokinetic study, both amorphous solid dispersions produced by KinetiSol exhibited mean AUC values at least two-fold that of MBP when dosed as a suspension. It was concluded that the KinetiSol process produced superior dosage forms containing vemurafenib with the potential for substantial reduction in patient pill burden.
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Letchmanan K, Shen SC, Ng WK, Tan RB. Application of transglycosylated stevia and hesperidin as drug carriers to enhance biopharmaceutical properties of poorly-soluble artemisinin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 161:83-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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15
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Singh D, Bedi N, Tiwary AK. Enhancing solubility of poorly aqueous soluble drugs: critical appraisal of techniques. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-017-0357-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Castillo-Peinado LDLS, Luque de Castro MD. The role of ultrasound in pharmaceutical production: sonocrystallization. J Pharm Pharmacol 2016; 68:1249-67. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The main aim of this review was to develop a critical discussion of the key role ultrasound (US) can play on the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) by discussing the versatile effect this type of energy produces.
Methods
The different crystallization techniques that can be assisted and improved by US are discussed in the light of the available US devices and the effect pursued by application of US energy. Simple and complex analytical methods to monitor API changes are also discussed.
Key findings
The countless achievements of API US-assisted production are summarized in a table, and outstanding effects such as narrower particle size distribution; decreased particle size, induction time, metastable zone and supersaturation levels; or a solubility increase are critically discussed.
Conclusions
The indisputable advantages of sonocrystallization over other ways of API production have been supported on multiple examples, and pending goals in this field (clarify the effect of US frequency on crystallization, know the mechanism of sonocrystallization, determine potential degradation owing to US energy, avoid calculation of the process yield by determining the concentration of the target drug remaining in the solution, etc.) should be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura de los Santos Castillo-Peinado
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Dolores Luque de Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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17
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Chang TL, Zhan H, Liang D, Liang JF. Nanocrystal technology for drug formulation and delivery. Front Chem Sci Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-015-1509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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18
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Lu Y, Li Y, Wu W. Injected nanocrystals for targeted drug delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2016; 6:106-13. [PMID: 27006893 PMCID: PMC4788714 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocrystals are pure drug crystals with sizes in the nanometer range. Due to the advantages of high drug loading, platform stability, and ease of scaling-up, nanocrystals have been widely used to deliver poorly water-soluble drugs. Nanocrystals in the blood stream can be recognized and sequestered as exogenous materials by mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) cells, leading to passive accumulation in MPS-rich organs, such as liver, spleen and lung. Particle size, morphology and surface modification affect the biodistribution of nanocrystals. Ligand conjugation and stimuli-responsive polymers can also be used to target nanocrystals to specific pathogenic sites. In this review, the progress on injected nanocrystals for targeted drug delivery is discussed following a brief introduction to nanocrystal preparation methods, i.e., top-down and bottom-up technologies.
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Wais U, Jackson AW, He T, Zhang H. Nanoformulation and encapsulation approaches for poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:1746-1769. [PMID: 26731460 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07161e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
During the last few decades the nanomedicine sector has emerged as a feasible and effective solution to the problems faced by the high percentage of poorly water-soluble drugs. Decreasing the size of such drug compounds to the nanoscale can significantly change their physical properties, which lays the foundation for the use of nanomedicine for pharmaceutical applications. Various techniques have been developed to produce poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles, mainly to address the poor water-soluble issues but also for the efficient and targeted delivery of such drugs. These techniques can be generally categorized into top-down, bottom-up and encapsulation approaches. Among them, the top-down approaches have been the main choice for industrial preparation of drug nanoparticles while other methods are actively investigated by researchers. In this review, we aim to give a comprehensive overview and latest progress of the top-down, bottom-up, and encapsulation methods for the preparation of poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles and how solvents and additives can be selected for these methods. In addition to the more industrially applied top-down approaches, the review is focused more on bottom-up and encapsulation methods, particularly covering supercritical fluid-related methods, cryogenic techniques, and encapsulation with dendrimers and responsive block copolymers. Some of the approved and mostly used nanodrug formulations on the market are also covered to demonstrate the applications of poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles. This review is complete with perspectives on the development and challenges of fabrication techniques for more effective nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Wais
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK. and Institute of Chemical and Engineering Science, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833, Singapore
| | - Alexander W Jackson
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Science, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, 627833, Singapore
| | - Tao He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Haifei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
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McCarthy CA, Ahern RJ, Dontireddy R, Ryan KB, Crean AM. Mesoporous silica formulation strategies for drug dissolution enhancement: a review. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 13:93-108. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2016.1100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Chavan RB, Modi SR, Bansal AK. Role of solid carriers in pharmaceutical performance of solid supersaturable SEDDS of celecoxib. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:374-384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Letchmanan K, Shen SC, Ng WK, Tan RBH. Enhanced dissolution and stability of artemisinin by nano-confinement in ordered mesoporous SBA-15 particles. J Microencapsul 2015; 32:390-400. [PMID: 26004369 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2015.1035684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Dissolution of poorly water-soluble drug, Artemisinin (ART), was enhanced by encapsulating the drug particles inside pore channels of ordered mesoporous silica, SBA-15, via co-spray drying. The drug release profiles of ART were investigated by using flow-through cell (USP IV) and in vitro dissolution tester (USP II). The co-spray-dried ART/SBA-15 samples demonstrated significantly improved dissolution rates and supersaturation compared to the untreated ART. The low cytotoxicity effect of ART and SBA-15 on Caco-2 cells after 24 h incubation demonstrated the biocompatibility of ART/SBA-15. Finally, the storage stability of the samples was investigated for 6 months under five different storage conditions. Overall, the solid dispersions exhibited excellent physical stability; however, their chemical stability was affected by humidity regardless of storage temperatures. The formulation of solid dispersions of ART/SBA-15 is potentially safe and an effective approach to enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaran Letchmanan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The National University of Singapore , Singapore and
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23
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Wanning S, Süverkrüp R, Lamprecht A. Pharmaceutical spray freeze drying. Int J Pharm 2015; 488:136-53. [PMID: 25900097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical spray-freeze drying (SFD) includes a heterogeneous set of technologies with primary applications in apparent solubility enhancement, pulmonary drug delivery, intradermal ballistic administration and delivery of vaccines to the nasal mucosa. The methods comprise of three steps: droplet generation, freezing and sublimation drying, which can be matched to the requirements given by the dosage form and route of administration. The objectives, various methods and physicochemical and pharmacological outcomes have been reviewed with a scope including related fields of science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Wanning
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Richard Süverkrüp
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering (EA4267), University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
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25
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Granulation of indomethacin and a hydrophilic carrier by fluidized hot melt method: The drug solubility enhancement. POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Kumar D, Thipparaboina R, Modi SR, Bansal AK, Shastri NR. Effect of HPMC concentration on crystal habit of nifedipine. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce02164a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-polar surface area increased and polar energy decreased resulting in reduction in dissolution rate upon increasing HPMC concentration, from 0% w/v (Nif-0) to 0.6% w/v (Nif-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajesh Thipparaboina
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad, India
| | - Sameer R Modi
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER)
- SAS Nagar, India
| | - Arvind K Bansal
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER)
- SAS Nagar, India
| | - Nalini R Shastri
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad, India
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27
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Walters RH, Bhatnagar B, Tchessalov S, Izutsu KI, Tsumoto K, Ohtake S. Next Generation Drying Technologies for Pharmaceutical Applications. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:2673-2695. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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28
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Zhang Y, Che E, Zhang M, Sun B, Gao J, Han J, Song Y. Increasing the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of the poorly water-soluble drug valsartan using novel hierarchical porous carbon monoliths. Int J Pharm 2014; 473:375-83. [PMID: 25051114 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a novel hierarchical porous carbon monolith (HPCM) with three-dimensionally (3D) ordered macropores (∼ 400 nm) and uniform accessible mesopores (∼ 5.2 nm) was synthesized via a facile dual-templating technique using colloidal silica nanospheres and Poloxamer 407 as templates. The feasibility of the prepared HPCM for oral drug delivery was studied. Valsartan (VAL) was chosen as a poorly water-soluble model drug and loaded into the HPCM matrix using the solvent evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and specific surface area analysis were employed to characterize the drug-loaded HPCM-based formulation, confirming the successful inclusion of VAL into the nanopores of HPCM. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that the incorporated drug in the HPCM matrix was in an amorphous state and the VAL formulation exhibited good physical stability for up to 6 months. In vitro tests showed that the dissolution rate of HPCM-based formulation was increased significantly compared with that of crystalline VAL or VAL-loaded 3D ordered macroporous carbon monoliths (OMCMs). Furthermore, a pharmacokinetic study in rats demonstrated about 2.4-fold increase in oral bioavailability of VAL in the case of HPCM-based formulation compared with the commercially available VAL preparation (Valzaar(®)). These results therefore suggest that HPCM is a promising carrier able to improve the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of the poorly water-soluble drug VAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Erxi Che
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Division, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharma,Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Baoxiang Sun
- Pharmaceutical Division, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharma,Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yaling Song
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China
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Kuehl C, El-Gendy N, Berkland C. NanoClusters surface area allows nanoparticle dissolution with microparticle properties. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:1787-98. [PMID: 24788354 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Poorly water-soluble drugs comprise the majority of new drug molecules. Nanoparticle agglomerates, called NanoClusters, can increase the dissolution rate of poorly soluble compounds by increasing particle surface area. Budesonide and danazol, two poorly soluble steroids, were studied as model compounds. NanoCluster suspensions were made using a Netzsch MiniCer media mill with samples collected between 5 and 15 h and lyophilized. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray Diffraction were used to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the powders, and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) analysis was used to determine surface area. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed NanoClusters were between 1 and 5 μm. NanoCluster samples showed an increase in dissolution rate compared with the micronized stock and similar to a dried nanoparticle suspension. BET analysis determined an increase in surface area of eight times for budesonide NanoClusters and 10-15 times for danazol NanoClusters compared with the micronized stock. Melting temperatures decreased with increased mill time of NanoClusters by DSC. The increased surface area of NanoClusters provides a potential micron-sized alternative to nanoparticles to increase dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kuehl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047
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30
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Kumar D, Sailaja Chirravuri SV, Shastri NR. Impact of surface area of silica particles on dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs: a case study with aceclofenac. Int J Pharm 2013; 461:459-68. [PMID: 24368106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the impact of surface area of silica particles on in vitro release of poorly soluble drug aceclofenac and their in vivo performances. Mesoporous silicas of different surface area and porosity were synthesized and characterized. Aceclofenac loaded silicas were prepared by solvent evaporation technique and characterized for surface area, pore size, DSC, FTIR and p-XRD. The dissolution efficiency (DE) of the mesoporous and nonporous silica was ∼2 times more than that of plain drug and marketed tablets in acidic discriminating media. A significant enhancement of 189% and 164% in oral bioavailability (AUC0-8) was observed for optimized aceclofenac loaded mesoporous formulation (MS11/72) and nonporous silica (NP), respectively, when compared to plain aceclofenac in male Wistar rats. However, no correlation could be established between the enhancements in their oral bioavailability and their corresponding surface area. The surface area of MS11/72 was 5 times more (∼1011 m(2)/g) when compared to NP (∼200 m(2)/g) and the enhancement in the oral bioavailability was only 1.15 times. This could be due to the limiting value of effective surface area of the drug available for in vitro dissolution beyond which, any further increase in surface area fails to improve the release rate or its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Nalini R Shastri
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India.
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31
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Vo CLN, Park C, Lee BJ. Current trends and future perspectives of solid dispersions containing poorly water-soluble drugs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 85:799-813. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Sinha B, Müller RH, Möschwitzer JP. Bottom-up approaches for preparing drug nanocrystals: Formulations and factors affecting particle size. Int J Pharm 2013; 453:126-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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33
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Rojas-Oviedo I, Retchkiman-Corona B, Quirino-Barreda CT, Cárdenas J, Schabes-Retchkiman PS. Solubility Enhancement of a Poorly Water Soluble Drug by Forming Solid Dispersions using Mechanochemical Activation. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 74:505-11. [PMID: 23798775 PMCID: PMC3687919 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.110576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanochemical activation is a practical cogrinding operation used to obtain a solid dispersion of a poorly water soluble drug through changes in the solid state molecular aggregation of drug-carrier mixtures and the formation of noncovalent interactions (hydrogen bonds) between two crystalline solids such as a soluble carrier, lactose, and a poorly soluble drug, indomethacin, in order to improve its solubility and dissolution rate. Samples of indomethacin and a physical mixture with a weight ratio of 1:1 of indomethacin and lactose were ground using a high speed vibrating ball mill. Particle size was determined by electron microscopy, the reduction of crystallinity was determined by calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy was used to find evidence of any interactions between the drug and the carrier and the determination of apparent solubility allowed for the corroboration of changes in solubility. Before grinding, scanning electron microscopy showed the drug and lactose to have an average particle size of around 50 and 30 μm, respectively. After high speed grinding, indomethacin and the mixture had a reduced average particle size of around 5 and 2 μm, respectively, showing a morphological change. The ground mixture produced a solid dispersion that had a loss of crystallinity that reached 81% after 30 min of grinding while the drug solubility of indomethacin within the solid dispersion increased by 2.76 fold as compared to the pure drug. Drug activation due to hydrogen bonds between the carboxylic group of the drug and the hydroxyl group of lactose as well as the decrease in crystallinity of the solid dispersion and the reduction of the particle size led to a better water solubility of indomethacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Rojas-Oviedo
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco. Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud. C.P. 04960 México, D.F., Mexico
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34
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Formulation and delivery of improved amorphous fenofibrate solid dispersions prepared by thin film freezing. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:534-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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35
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Alam MA, Ali R, Al-Jenoobi FI, Al-Mohizea AM. Solid dispersions: a strategy for poorly aqueous soluble drugs and technology updates. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:1419-40. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.732064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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36
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Martins RM, Siqueira S, Tacon LA, Freitas LA. Microstructured ternary solid dispersions to improve carbamazepine solubility. POWDER TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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37
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38
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Srinarong P, de Waard H, Frijlink HW, Hinrichs WLJ. Improved dissolution behavior of lipophilic drugs by solid dispersions: the production process as starting point for formulation considerations. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:1121-40. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.598147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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39
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He X, Pei L, Tong HHY, Zheng Y. Comparison of spray freeze drying and the solvent evaporation method for preparing solid dispersions of baicalein with Pluronic F68 to improve dissolution and oral bioavailability. AAPS PharmSciTech 2011; 12:104-13. [PMID: 21181514 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to prepare solid dispersions consisting of baicalein and a carrier with a low glass transition/melting point (Pluronic F68) by spray freeze drying (SFD). We compared these powders to those produced from the conventional solvent evaporation method. In the SFD process, a feeding solution was atomized above the surface of liquid nitrogen following lyophilization, which resulted in instantaneously frozen microparticles. However, solid dispersions prepared by the solvent evaporation method formed a sticky layer on the glass flask with crystalline baicalein separated out from the carrier. The powder samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), surface area measurement, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. SEM and PXRD results suggested that the majority of baicalein in the SFD-processed solid dispersion was in the amorphous state, which has a higher specific surface area than pure baicalein. However, the majority of baicalein was recrystallized in the solid dispersion at the same composition prepared by the solvent evaporation method, which showed a similar dissolution rate to the physical mixture. SFD product was physically and chemically stable after being stored at 40 °C with low humidity for 6 months. After enzyme hydrolysis, baicalein in the SFD product displayed a significantly shorter T (max) and higher C (max) than pure baicalein after oral dosing. The relative bioavailability of the SFD product versus pure baicalein determined by comparing the AUC(0-12) was 233%, which demonstrated the significantly improved oral bioavailability of baicalein produced by the SFD technique.
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Hu J, Ng WK, Dong Y, Shen S, Tan RB. Continuous and scalable process for water-redispersible nanoformulation of poorly aqueous soluble APIs by antisolvent precipitation and spray-drying. Int J Pharm 2011; 404:198-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Grant N, Zhang H. Poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles via an emulsion-freeze-drying approach. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 356:573-8. [PMID: 21315369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Low water solubility of a high percentage of pharmaceuticals is a big issue for pharmaceutical applications due to the resulting low bioabsorption and hence limited therapeutic efficacy. Preparation of drug nanoparticles has been one of the mostly investigated routes to address this problem. In this study, we reported the preparation of nanoparticles via an emulsion-freeze-drying approach. Indomethacin (IMC, a poorly water-soluble drug) nanoparticles were formed in situ within porous poly(vinyl alcohol). The IMC nanoparticles could be released into water to form stable nanodispersions simply by rapid dissolution of the porous polymeric scaffold. This study focused on how preparation conditions including phase volume ratios in the emulsions and the concentrations of polymer, surfactant and drug influenced the formation of IMC nanoparticles. It was concluded that the loading and size of IMC nanoparticles could be easily tuned by changing the preparation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Grant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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42
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Tong HHY, Du Z, Wang GN, Chan HM, Chang Q, Lai LCM, Chow AHL, Zheng Y. Spray freeze drying with polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium caprate for improved dissolution and oral bioavailability of oleanolic acid, a BCS Class IV compound. Int J Pharm 2010; 404:148-58. [PMID: 21094233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Spray-freeze-drying (SFD) of oleanolic acid (OA), a BCS Class IV compound, with polyvinylpyrrolidone-40 (PVP-40) as stabilizer and sodium caprate (SC) as wetting agent and penetration enhancer produced kinetically stable, amorphous solid dispersion systems with superior in vitro dissolution performance, and better and more uniform absorption in comparison with commercial OA tablet. Relative to the SC-free formulation, the presence of SC in the formulation resulted in a significant increase in the in vivo absorption rate of OA while exerting no apparent impact on the extent of OA absorption. The SFD-processed OA formulations and commercial OA tablet generally exhibited large inter-animal variability in oral bioavailability, consistent with the absorption characteristics of BCS Class IV compounds. Inclusion of SC coupled with the replacement of OA with its sodium salt (OA-Na) in the formulation was shown to substantially decrease the observed absorption variability. Above results suggested that increases in both dissolution rate and intestinal permeability of BCS Class IV compounds, as exemplified by the SFD-processed dispersion system containing both OA-Na and SC, are critical to reducing the large inter-individual absorption variability commonly observed with this class of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H Y Tong
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao
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43
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de Waard H, Frijlink HW, Hinrichs WLJ. Bottom-up preparation techniques for nanocrystals of lipophilic drugs. Pharm Res 2010; 28:1220-3. [PMID: 21086152 PMCID: PMC3073053 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans de Waard
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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44
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Cheow WS, Ng MLL, Kho K, Hadinoto K. Spray-freeze-drying production of thermally sensitive polymeric nanoparticle aggregates for inhaled drug delivery: effect of freeze-drying adjuvants. Int J Pharm 2010; 404:289-300. [PMID: 21093560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inhalable dry-powder aggregates of drug-loaded thermally sensitive poly(caprolactone) (PCL) nanoparticles are produced using spray-freeze-drying (SFD) as the low melting point of PCL prohibits the use of high-temperature spray-drying. The effects of freeze-drying adjuvant formulation on the particle morphology, aerodynamic diameter, aqueous re-dispersibility, flowability, and production yield are examined using mannitol and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as the adjuvants. The primary role of the adjuvant is to prevent irreversible nanoparticle coalescences during freeze-drying, thereby the nanoparticle aggregates can readily re-disperse into primary nanoparticles in an aqueous environment hence retaining their therapeutic functions. The nanoparticle aggregates produced using either adjuvant exhibit large, porous, and spherical morphologies suitable for dry-powder-inhaler delivery. The nanoparticle aggregates exhibit good flowability and effective aerosolization off the inhaler. The adjuvant selection governs the resultant nanoparticle-adjuvant structures, where PCL nanoparticles are physically dispersed in porous mannitol matrix, whereas PVA are coated onto the nanoparticle surface. Importantly, nanoparticle aggregates produced by SFD exhibit significantly higher aqueous re-dispersibility than those produced by spray-drying, which signifies the suitability of SFD as the method to produce solid-dosage-form of thermally sensitive nanoparticles. Overall, using PVA as adjuvant leads to more stable morphology, superior aqueous re-dispersibility, and higher production yield compared to the mannitol formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wean Sin Cheow
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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Hirano A, Kameda T, Arakawa T, Shiraki K. Arginine-Assisted Solubilization System for Drug Substances: Solubility Experiment and Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:13455-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jp101909a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hirano
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Computational Biology Research Center, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Koto, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan, and Alliance Protein Laboratories, Thousand Oaks, California 91360, United States
| | - Tomoshi Kameda
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Computational Biology Research Center, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Koto, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan, and Alliance Protein Laboratories, Thousand Oaks, California 91360, United States
| | - Tsutomu Arakawa
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Computational Biology Research Center, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Koto, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan, and Alliance Protein Laboratories, Thousand Oaks, California 91360, United States
| | - Kentaro Shiraki
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Computational Biology Research Center, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Koto, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan, and Alliance Protein Laboratories, Thousand Oaks, California 91360, United States
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Niwa T, Nakanishi Y, Danjo K. One-step preparation of pharmaceutical nanocrystals using ultra cryo-milling technique in liquid nitrogen. Eur J Pharm Sci 2010; 41:78-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2010.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nanoparticulate strategies for effective delivery of poorly soluble therapeutics. Ther Deliv 2010; 1:149-67. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.10.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological activity of a drug molecule depends on its ability to dissolve and interact with its biological target, either through dissolution and absorption, or through dissolution and receptor interaction. The low bioavailability that characterizes poorly water-soluble drugs is usually attributed to the dissolution kinetic profile. Novel strategies to effectively deliver these drugs include nanoparticulate approaches that either increase the surface area of the drug or improve the solubility characteristics of the drug. Nanosizing approaches are based on the production of drug nanocrytals dispersed in an aqueous surfactant solution, whereas other possibilities include drug loading in nanoparticles. Promising nanoparticulate approaches include the development of lipid-based nanocarriers to increase drug solubility followed by enhanced bioavailability. To select the best approach there are, however, some critical considerations to take into account, for example the physicochemical properties of the drug, the possibility to scale-up the production process, the toxicological considerations of the use of solvents and cosolvents, the selection of an environmentally sustainable methodology and the development of a more patient-friendly dosage form. This article addresses these relevant questions and provides feasible examples of novel strategies with respect to relevant administration routes.
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Lim RTY, Ng WK, Tan RB. Amorphization of pharmaceutical compound by co-precipitation using supercritical anti-solvent (SAS) process (Part I). J Supercrit Fluids 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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D’Addio SM, Kafka C, Akbulut M, Beattie P, Saad W, Herrera M, Kennedy MT, Prud’homme RK. Novel Method for Concentrating and Drying Polymeric Nanoparticles: Hydrogen Bonding Coacervate Precipitation. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:557-64. [DOI: 10.1021/mp900260q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. D’Addio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, and Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Concepcion Kafka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, and Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Mustafa Akbulut
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, and Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Patrick Beattie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, and Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Walid Saad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, and Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Margarita Herrera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, and Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Michael T. Kennedy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, and Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320
| | - Robert K. Prud’homme
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, and Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320
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50
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Fabrication of drug nanoparticles by evaporative precipitation of nanosuspension. Int J Pharm 2010; 383:285-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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