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Homolak J, Varvaras K, Sciacca V, Babic Perhoc A, Virag D, Knezovic A, Osmanovic Barilar J, Salkovic-Petrisic M. Insights into Gastrointestinal Redox Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease and the Assessment of the Protective Potential of D-Galactose. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:11288-11304. [PMID: 38496956 PMCID: PMC10938400 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that the gut plays a vital role in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by triggering systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. The well-established rat model of AD, induced by intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin (STZ-icv), provides valuable insights into the GI implications of neurodegeneration. Notably, this model leads to pathophysiological changes in the gut, including redox dyshomeostasis, resulting from central neuropathology. Our study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying gut redox dyshomeostasis and assess the effects of D-galactose, which is known to benefit gut redox homeostasis and alleviate cognitive deficits in this model. Duodenal rings isolated from STZ-icv animals and control groups were subjected to a prooxidative environment using 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) or H2O2 with or without D-galactose in oxygenated Krebs buffer ex vivo. Redox homeostasis was analyzed through protein microarrays and functional biochemical assays alongside cell survival assessment. Structural equation modeling and univariate and multivariate models were employed to evaluate the differential response of STZ-icv and control samples to the controlled prooxidative challenge. STZ-icv samples showed suppressed expression of catalase and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and increased baseline activity of enzymes involved in H2O2 and superoxide homeostasis. The altered redox homeostasis status was associated with an inability to respond to oxidative challenges and D-galactose. Conversely, the presence of D-galactose increased the antioxidant capacity, enhanced catalase and peroxidase activity, and upregulated superoxide dismutases in the control samples. STZ-icv-induced gut dysfunction is characterized by a diminished ability of the redox regulatory system to maintain long-term protection through the transcription of antioxidant response genes as well as compromised activation of enzymes responsible for immediate antioxidant defense. D-galactose can exert beneficial effects on gut redox homeostasis under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Homolak
- Department
of Pharmacology & Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Interfaculty
Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Varvaras
- Department
of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vittorio Sciacca
- Faculty
of Medicine, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy
| | - Ana Babic Perhoc
- Department
of Pharmacology & Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Virag
- Department
of Pharmacology & Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Knezovic
- Department
of Pharmacology & Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Osmanovic Barilar
- Department
of Pharmacology & Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Melita Salkovic-Petrisic
- Department
of Pharmacology & Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Hadwan MH, Hussein MJ, Mohammed RM, Hadwan AM, Saad Al-Kawaz H, Al-Obaidy SSM, Al Talebi ZA. An improved method for measuring catalase activity in biological samples. Biol Methods Protoc 2024; 9:bpae015. [PMID: 38524731 PMCID: PMC10957919 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Catalase (CAT) is an important enzyme that protects biomolecules against oxidative damage by breaking down hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen. CAT is present in all aerobic microbes, animals, and plants. It is, however, absent from normal human urine but can be detected in pathological urine. CAT testing can thus help to detect such urine. This study presents a novel spectrophotometric method for determining CAT activity characterized by its simplicity, sensitivity, specificity, and rapidity. The method involves incubating enzyme-containing samples with a carefully chosen concentration of H2O2 for a specified incubation period. Subsequently, a solution containing ferrous ammonium sulfate (FAS) and sulfosalicylic acid (SSA) is added to terminate the enzyme activity. A distinctive maroon-colored ferrisulfosalicylate complex is formed. The formation of this complex is a direct result of the reaction between FAS and any residual peroxide present. This leads to the generation of ferric ions when coordinated with SSA. The complex has a maximum absorbance of 490 nm. This advanced method eliminates the need for concentrated acids to stop CAT activity, making it safer and easier to handle. A comparative analysis against the standard ferrithiocyanate method showed a correlation coefficient of 0.99, demonstrating the new method's comparable effectiveness and reliability. In conclusion, a simple and reliable protocol for assessing CAT activity, which utilizes a cuvette or microplate, has been demonstrated in this study. This interference-free protocol can easily be used in research and clinical analysis with considerable accuracy and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marwah Jaber Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla 51002, Iraq
| | - Rawa M Mohammed
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Al-Mustaqbal, Hilla 51001, Iraq
| | - Asad M Hadwan
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, po 5166616471, Iran
- Al-Manara College for Medical Sciencespo Al-Amarah 62001, Iraq
| | - Hawraa Saad Al-Kawaz
- Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, University of Al-Mustaqbal, Hilla 51001, Iraq
| | - Saba S M Al-Obaidy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla 51002, Iraq
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Iborra M, Moret I, Busó E, García-Giménez JL, Ricart E, Gisbert JP, Cabré E, Esteve M, Márquez-Mosquera L, García-Planella E, Guardiola J, Pallardó FV, Serena C, Algaba-Chueca F, Domenech E, Nos P, Beltrán B. The Genetic Diversity and Dysfunctionality of Catalase Associated with a Worse Outcome in Crohn's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415881. [PMID: 36555526 PMCID: PMC9785615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic gut inflammation in Crohn’s disease (CD) is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and an imbalance of antioxidant enzymes. We have previously shown that catalase (CAT) activity is permanently inhibited by CD. The purpose of the study was to determine whether there is any relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CAT enzyme and the potential risk of CD associated with high levels of oxidative stress. Additionally, we used protein and regulation analyses to determine what causes long-term CAT inhibition in peripheral white mononuclear cells (PWMCs) in both active and inactive CD. We first used a retrospective cohort of 598 patients with CD and 625 age-matched healthy controls (ENEIDA registry) for the genotype analysis. A second human cohort was used to study the functional and regulatory mechanisms of CAT in CD. We isolated PWMCs from CD patients at the onset of the disease (naïve CD patients). In the genotype-association SNP analysis, the CAT SNPs rs1001179, rs475043, and rs525938 showed a significant association with CD (p < 0.001). Smoking CD patients with the CAT SNP rs475043 A/G genotype had significantly more often penetrating disease (p = 0.009). The gene expression and protein levels of CAT were permanently reduced in the active and inactive CD patients. The inhibition of CAT activity in the PWMCs of the CD patients was related to a low concentration of CAT protein caused by the downregulation of CAT-gene transcription. Our study suggests an association between CAT SNPs and the risk of CD that may explain permanent CAT inhibition in CD patients together with low CAT gene and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Iborra
- Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Inés Moret
- Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Busó
- Central Unit for Research in Medicine (UCIM), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Ricart
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clìnic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier P. Gisbert
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), CIBEREHD, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Cabré
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBEREHD, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Maria Esteve
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, CIBEREHD, 08221 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Márquez-Mosquera
- Servei de Digestiu, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther García-Planella
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Guardiola
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Hospital de Llobregat-Barcelona, 08901 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carolina Serena
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Eugeni Domenech
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBEREHD, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Pilar Nos
- Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Beltrán
- Hospital Vithas Virgen del Consuelo, 46007 Valencia, Spain
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Priyanka HP, Thiyagaraj A, Krithika G, Nair RS, Hopper W, ThyagaRajan S. 17β-Estradiol Concentration and Direct β 2-Adrenoceptor Inhibition Determine Estrogen-Mediated Reversal of Adrenergic Immunosuppression. Ann Neurosci 2022; 29:32-52. [PMID: 35875427 PMCID: PMC9305908 DOI: 10.1177/09727531211070541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sympathetic innervation of lymphoid organs, and the presence of 17β-estradiol (estrogen or E2) and adrenergic receptors (ARs) on lymphocytes, suggests that sympathetic stimulation and hormonal activation may influence immune functions. Purpose: Modeling and simulating these pathways may help to understand the dynamics of neuroendocrine-immune modulation at the cellular and molecular levels. Methods: Dose- and receptor-dependent effects of E2 and AR subtype-specific agonists were established in vitro on lymphocytes from young male Sprague-Dawley rats and were modeled in silico using the MATLAB Simbiology toolbox. Kinetic principles were assigned to define receptor–ligand dynamics, and concentration/time plots were obtained using Ode15s solvers at different time intervals for key regulatory molecules. Comparisons were drawn between in silico and in vitro data for validating the constructed model with sensitivity analysis of key regulatory molecules to assess their individual impacts on the dynamics of the system. Finally, docking studies were conducted with key ligands E2 and norepinephrine (NE) to understand the mechanistic principles underlying their interactions. Results: Adrenergic activation triggered proapoptotic signals, while E2 enhanced survival signals, showing opposing effects as observed in vitro. Treatment of lymphocytes with E2 shows a 10-fold increase in survival signals in a dose-dependent manner. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) activation is crucial for the activation of survival signals through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and cAMP responsive element binding (p-CREB) protein. Docking studies showed the direct inhibition of ERK by NE and β2-AR by E2 explaining how estrogen signaling overrides NE-mediated immunosuppression in vitro. Conclusion: The cross-talk between E2 and adrenergic signaling pathways determines lymphocyte functions in a receptor subtype and coactivation-dependent manner in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah P. Priyanka
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
- Inspire Lab, Institute of Advanced Research in Health Sciences, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Specialty Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Thiyagaraj
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G. Krithika
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras Guindy, Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. S. Nair
- Inspire Lab, Institute of Advanced Research in Health Sciences, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Specialty Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - W. Hopper
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. ThyagaRajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Galasso M, Gambino S, Romanelli MG, Donadelli M, Scupoli MT. Browsing the oldest antioxidant enzyme: catalase and its multiple regulation in cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:264-272. [PMID: 34129927 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic organisms possess numerous antioxidant enzymatic families, including catalases, superoxide dismutases (SODs), peroxiredoxins (PRDXs), and glutathione peroxidases (GPXs), which work cooperatively to protect cells from an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from endogenous metabolism or external microenvironment. Catalase, as well as other antioxidant enzymes, plays an important dichotomous role in cancer. Therefore, therapies aimed at either reverting the increased or further escalating catalase levels could be effective, depending on the metabolic landscape and on the redox status of cancer cells. This dichotomous role of catalase in cancers highlights the importance to deepen comprehensively the role and the regulation of this crucial antioxidant enzyme. The present review highlights the role of catalase in cancer and provides a comprehensive description of the molecular mechanisms associated with the multiple levels of catalase regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilisa Galasso
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Gambino
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Romanelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Scupoli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Research Center LURM -Interdepartmental Laboratory of Medical Research, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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Torres-Arce E, Vizmanos B, Babio N, Márquez-Sandoval F, Salas-Huetos A. Dietary Antioxidants in the Treatment of Male Infertility: Counteracting Oxidative Stress. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:241. [PMID: 33804600 PMCID: PMC8003818 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infertility affects about 15% of the population and male factors only are responsible for ~25-30% of cases of infertility. Currently, the etiology of suboptimal semen quality is poorly understood, and many environmental and genetic factors, including oxidative stress, have been implicated. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of free radicals, or reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the capacity of the body to counteract their harmful effects through neutralization by antioxidants. The purpose of this review, by employing the joint expertise of international researchers specialized in nutrition and male fertility areas, is to update the knowledge about the reproductive consequences of excessive ROS concentrations and oxidative stress on the semen quality and Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART) clinical outcomes, to discuss the role of antioxidants in fertility outcomes, and finally to discuss why foods and dietary patterns are more innocuous long term solution for ameliorating oxidative stress and therefore semen quality results and ART fertility outcomes. Since this is a narrative review and not a systematic/meta-analysis, the summarized information in the present study should be considered cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Torres-Arce
- Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (E.T.-A.); (B.V.)
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Barbara Vizmanos
- Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (E.T.-A.); (B.V.)
| | - Nancy Babio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P., Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (ciBeRobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabiola Márquez-Sandoval
- Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (E.T.-A.); (B.V.)
| | - Albert Salas-Huetos
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P., Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (ciBeRobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Trujillo V, Macchione AF, Albrecht PA, Virgolini MB, Molina JC. Learning experiences comprising central ethanol exposure in rat neonates: Impact upon respiratory plasticity and the activity of brain catalase. Alcohol 2020; 88:11-27. [PMID: 32615265 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Fetal ethanol exposure represents a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome, and the respiratory effects of fetal ethanol exposure promote hypoxic ischemic consequences. This study analyzes central ethanol's effects upon breathing plasticity during an ontogenetic stage equivalent to the human third gestational trimester. Ethanol's unconditioned breathing effects and their intervention in learning processes were examined. Since central ethanol is primarily metabolized via the catalase system, we also examined the effects of early history with the drug upon this system. During postnatal days 3, 5, and 7 (PDs 3-7), pups were intracisternally administered with vehicle or ethanol (300 mg%). They were tested in a plethysmograph scented or not scented with ethanol odor. The state of intoxication attenuated the onset of apneas, a phenomenon that is suggestive of ethanol's anxiolytic effects given the state of arousal caused by the novel environment and the stress of ethanol administration. At PD9, pups were evaluated when sober under sequential air conditions (initial-normoxia, hypoxia, and recovery-normoxia), with or without the presence of ethanol odor. Initial apneic episodes increased when ethanol intoxication was previously associated with the odor. Pups then ingested ethanol, and brain catalase activity was determined. Pre-exposure to ethanol intoxication paired with the odor of the drug resulted in heightened enzymatic activity. Central ethanol exposure appears to exert antianxiety effects that attenuate apneic disruptions. However, during withdrawal, the cues associated with such effects elicit an opposite reaction. The activity of the catalase system was also dependent upon learning processes that involved the association of environmental stimuli and ethanol intoxication.
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Tanwar V, Adelstein JM, Grimmer JA, Youtz DJ, Katapadi A, Sugar BP, Falvo MJ, Baer LA, Stanford KI, Wold LE. Preconception Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Leads to Cardiac Dysfunction in Adult Male Offspring. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e010797. [PMID: 30561255 PMCID: PMC6405597 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Particulate matter (particles < 2.5 μm [ PM 2.5]) exposure during the in utero and postnatal developmental periods causes cardiac dysfunction during adulthood. Here, we investigated the potential priming effects of preconception exposure of PM 2.5 on cardiac function in adult offspring. Methods and Results Male and female friend leukemia virus b (FVB) mice were exposed to either filtered air ( FA ) or PM 2.5 at an average concentration of 38.58 μg/m3 for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for 3 months. Mice were then crossbred into 2 groups: (1) FA male× FA female (both parents were exposed to FA preconception) and, (2) PM 2.5male× PM 2.5female (both parents were exposed to PM 2.5 preconception). Male offspring were divided: (1) preconception FA (offspring born to FA exposed parents) and, (2) preconception PM 2.5 (offspring born to PM 2.5 exposed parents) and analyzed at 3 months of age. Echocardiography identified increased left ventricular end systolic volume and reduced posterior wall thickness, reduced %fractional shortening and %ejection fraction in preconception PM 2.5 offspring. Cardiomyocytes isolated from preconception PM 2.5 offspring showed reduced %peak shortening, -dL/dT, TPS 90 and slower calcium reuptake (tau). Gene and protein expression revealed modifications in markers of inflammation ( IL -6, IL -15, TNF α, NF қB, CRP , CD 26E, CD 26P, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) profibrosis (collagen type III alpha 1 chain), oxidative stress ( NOS 2), antioxidants (Nrf2, SOD , catalase), Ca2+ regulatory proteins ( SERCA 2a, p- PLN , NCX ), and epigenetic regulators (Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, Sirt1, and Sirt2) in preconception PM 2.5 offspring. Conclusions Preconception exposure to PM 2.5 results in global cardiac dysfunction in adult offspring, suggesting that abnormalities during development are not limited to the prenatal or postnatal periods but can also be determined before conception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Tanwar
- 1 Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,2 College of Nursing The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Jeremy M Adelstein
- 1 Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,2 College of Nursing The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Jacob A Grimmer
- 1 Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,2 College of Nursing The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Dane J Youtz
- 1 Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,2 College of Nursing The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Aashish Katapadi
- 3 Medical Student Research Program The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus OH
| | - Benjamin P Sugar
- 3 Medical Student Research Program The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus OH
| | - Michael J Falvo
- 5 Department of Veterans Affairs War Related Illness and Injury Study Center New Jersey Health Care System East Orange NJ
| | - Lisa A Baer
- 4 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus OH
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- 1 Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,4 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus OH
| | - Loren E Wold
- 1 Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,2 College of Nursing The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,4 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus OH
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Moret-Tatay I, Cerrillo E, Sáez-González E, Hervás D, Iborra M, Sandoval J, Busó E, Tortosa L, Nos P, Beltrán B. Identification of Epigenetic Methylation Signatures With Clinical Value in Crohn's Disease. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2019; 10:e00083. [PMID: 31663908 PMCID: PMC6919449 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression and represents an important link between genotype, environment, and disease. It is a reversible and inheritable mechanism that could offer treatment targets. We aimed to assess the methylation changes on specific genes previously associated with Crohn's disease (CD) and to study their possible associations with the pathology. METHODS We included 103 participants and grouped them into 2 cohorts (a first [n = 31] and a second validation [n = 72] cohort), with active CD (aCD) and inactive CD (iCD) and healthy participants (CTR). DNA was obtained from the peripheral blood and analyzed by the Agena platform. The selected genes were catalase (CAT), α-defensin 5 (DEFA5), FasR, FasL, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), TNFRSF1A, TNFRSF1B, PPA2, ABCB1, NOD2, PPARγ, and PKCζ. We used the elastic net algorithm and R software. RESULTS We studied 240 CpGs. Sixteen CpGs showed differential methylation profiles among aCD, iCD, and CTR. We selected for validation those with the greatest differences: DEFA5 CpG_11; CpG_13; CAT CpG_31.32; TNF CpG_4, CpG_12; and ABCB1 CpG_21. Our results validated the genes DEFA5 (methylation gain) and TNF (methylation loss) with P values < 0.001. In both cases, the methylation level was maintained and did not change with CD activity (aCD vs iCD). The subanalysis comparison between aCD and iCD showed significant differential methylation profiles in other CpGs: TNF, FAS, ABCB1, CAT, and TNFRS1BF genes. DISCUSSION The methylation status of DEFA5 and TNF genes provides a signature biomarker that characterizes patients with CD and supports the possible implication of the environment and the immune system in CD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Moret-Tatay
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre, Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Network (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD]), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Cerrillo
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Esteban Sáez-González
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Hervás
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marisa Iborra
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre, Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Network (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD]), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Busó
- Central Unit for Research in Medicine (UCIM),University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Tortosa
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre, Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Network (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD]), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Nos
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre, Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Network (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD]), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Beltrán
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre, Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Network (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD]), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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10
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Sugamata R, Donko A, Murakami Y, Boudreau HE, Qi CF, Kwon J, Leto TL. Duox1 Regulates Primary B Cell Function under the Influence of IL-4 through BCR-Mediated Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 202:428-440. [PMID: 30559322 PMCID: PMC6324942 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Engagement of the BCR with Ags triggers signaling pathways for commitment of B lymphocyte responses that can be regulated, in part, by reactive oxygen species. To investigate the functional relevance of reactive oxygen species produced in primary B cells, we focused on the role of the hydrogen peroxide generator Duox1 in stimulated splenic B cells under the influence of the TH2 cytokine IL-4. We found that H2O2 production in wild type (WT) and Nox2-deficient CD19+ B cells was boosted concomitantly with enhanced expression of Duox1 following costimulation with BCR agonists together with IL-4, whereas stimulated Duox1-/- cells showed attenuated H2O2 release. We examined whether Duox1-derived H2O2 contributes to proliferative activity and Ig isotype production in CD19+ cells upon BCR stimulation. Duox1-/- CD19+ B cells showed normal responses of Ig production but a higher rate of proliferation than WT or Nox2-deficient cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the H2O2 scavenger catalase mimics the effect of Duox1 deficiency by enhancing proliferation of WT CD19+ B cells in vitro. Results from immunized mice reflected the in vitro observations: T cell-independent Ag induced increased B cell expansion in germinal centers from Duox1-/- mice relative to WT and Nox2-/- mice, whereas immunization with T cell-dependent or -independent Ag elicited normal Ig isotype secretion in the Duox1 mutant mice. These observations, obtained both by in vitro and in vivo approaches, strongly suggest that Duox1-derived hydrogen peroxide negatively regulates proliferative activity but not Ig isotype production in primary splenic CD19+ B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Sugamata
- Molecular Defense Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892; and
| | - Agnes Donko
- Molecular Defense Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892; and
| | - Yousuke Murakami
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852; and
| | - Howard E Boudreau
- Molecular Defense Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892; and
| | - Chen-Feng Qi
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852; and
- Pathology Core, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - Jaeyul Kwon
- Molecular Defense Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892; and
| | - Thomas L Leto
- Molecular Defense Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892; and
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11
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The Effects of Ibogaine on Uterine Smooth Muscle Contractions: Relation to the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5969486. [PMID: 29599898 PMCID: PMC5828116 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5969486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ibogaine is an indole alkaloid originally extracted from the root bark of the African rainforest shrub Tabernanthe iboga. It has been explored as a treatment for substance abuse because it interrupts drug addiction and relieves withdrawal symptoms. However, it has been shown that ibogaine treatment leads to a sharp and transient fall in cellular ATP level followed by an increase of cellular respiration and ROS production. Since contractile tissues are sensitive to changes in the levels of ATP and ROS, here we investigated an ibogaine-mediated link between altered redox homeostasis and uterine contractile activity. We found that low concentrations of ibogaine stimulated contractile activity in spontaneously active uteri, but incremental increase of doses inhibited it. Inhibitory concentrations of ibogaine led to decreased SOD1 and elevated GSH-Px activity, but doses that completely inhibited contractions increased CAT activity. Western blot analyses showed that changes in enzyme activities were not due to elevated enzyme protein concentrations but posttranslational modifications. Changes in antioxidant enzyme activities point to a vast concentration-dependent increase in H2O2 level. Knowing that extracellular ATP stimulates isolated uterus contractility, while H2O2 has an inhibitory effect, this concentration-dependent stimulation/inhibition could be linked to ibogaine-related alterations in ATP level and redox homeostasis.
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12
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Wang Y, Dong Q, Ding Z, Gai K, Han X, Kaleri FN, He Q, Wang Y. Regulation of Neurospora Catalase-3 by global heterochromatin formation and its proximal heterochromatin region. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 99:139-152. [PMID: 27458122 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Catalase-3 (CAT-3) constitutes the main catalase activity in growing hyphae of Neurospora crassa, and its activity increases during exponential growth or is induced under different stress conditions. Although extensive progress has been made to identify catalase regulators, the regulation mechanism of CAT-3 at the chromatin level still remains unclear. Here, we aim at investigating the molecular regulation mechanisms of cat-3 at the chromatin level. We found that CAT-3 protein levels increased in mutants defective in proper global heterochromatin formation. Bioinformatics analysis identified a 5-kb AT-rich sequence adjacent to the cat-3 promoter as a heterochromatin region because of its enrichment of H3K9me3 and HP1. Expression of CAT-3 was induced by H2O2 treatment in wild-type and such change occurred along with the accumulation of histone H3 acetylation at 5-kb heterochromatin boundaries and cat-3 locus, but without alteration of its H3K9me3 repressive modification. Moreover, disruption of 5-kb heterochromatin region results in elevated cat-3 expression, and higher levels of cat-3 expression were promoted by the combination with global heterochromatin defective mutants. Interestingly, the molecular weight and activity bands of CAT-3 protein are different in heterochromatin defective mutants compared with those in wild-type, suggesting that its N-terminal processing and modification may be altered. Our study indicates that the local chromatin structure creates a heterochromatin repressive environment to repress nearby gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaolan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kexin Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyun Han
- College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Farah Naz Kaleri
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qun He
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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13
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Jabłońska-Trypuć A, Pankiewicz W, Czerpak R. Traumatic Acid Reduces Oxidative Stress and Enhances Collagen Biosynthesis in Cultured Human Skin Fibroblasts. Lipids 2016; 51:1021-35. [PMID: 27423205 PMCID: PMC5009161 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic acid (TA) is a plant hormone (cytokinin) that in terms of chemical structure belongs to the group of fatty acids derivatives. It was isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris. TA activity and its influence on human cells and organism has not previously been the subject of research. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of TA on collagen content and basic oxidative stress parameters, such as antioxidative enzyme activity, reduced glutathione, thiol group content, and lipid peroxidation in physiological conditions. The results show a stimulatory effect of TA on tested parameters. TA caused a decrease in membrane phospholipid peroxidation and exhibited protective properties against ROS production. It also increases protein and collagen biosynthesis and its secretion into the culture medium. The present findings reveal that TA exhibits multiple and complex activity in fibroblast cells in vitro. TA, with its activity similar to unsaturated fatty acids, shows antioxidant and stimulatory effects on collagen biosynthesis. It is a potentially powerful agent with applications in the treatment of many skin diseases connected with oxidative stress and collagen biosynthesis disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Jabłońska-Trypuć
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Division of Sanitary Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska Street 45E, 15-351, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Walentyn Pankiewicz
- University of Medical Science in Białystok, Krakowska Street 9, 15-875, Białystok, Poland
| | - Romuald Czerpak
- University of Medical Science in Białystok, Krakowska Street 9, 15-875, Białystok, Poland
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14
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Mangmool S, Hemplueksa P, Parichatikanond W, Chattipakorn N. Epac is required for GLP-1R-mediated inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:583-96. [PMID: 25719403 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the cardioprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 and its analogs have been reported, the exact mechanisms of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) signaling pathway in the heart are still unclear. Activation of the GLP-1R has been shown to increase cAMP levels, thus eliciting protein kinase A- and exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac)-dependent signaling pathways in pancreatic β-cells. However, which pathway plays an important role in the antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of GLP-1R activation in the heart is not known. In this study, we demonstrated that stimulation of GLP-1Rs with exendin-4 attenuated H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species production and increased the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes, catalase, glutathione peroxidase-1, and manganese superoxide dismutase that is dependent on Epac. Additionally, exendin-4 has an antiapoptotic effect by decreasing a number of apoptotic cells, inhibiting caspase-3 activity, and enhancing the expression of antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2, which is mediated through both protein kinase A- and Epac-dependent pathways. These data indicate a critical role for Epac in GLP-1R-mediated cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supachoke Mangmool
- Department of Pharmacology (S.M., P.H., W.P.), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; and Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center (N.C.), Faculty of Medicine, and Excellence Center in Cardiac Electrophysiology (N.C.), Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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15
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Estrogen modulates β2-adrenoceptor-induced cell-mediated and inflammatory immune responses through ER-α involving distinct intracellular signaling pathways, antioxidant enzymes, and nitric oxide. Cell Immunol 2014; 292:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Cabigas EB, Liu J, Boopathy AV, Che PL, Crawford BH, Baroi G, Bhutani S, Shen M, Wagner MB, Davis ME. Dysregulation of catalase activity in newborn myocytes during hypoxia is mediated by c-Abl tyrosine kinase. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2014; 20:93-103. [PMID: 24831254 DOI: 10.1177/1074248414533746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the adult heart, catalase (CAT) activity increases appropriately with increasing levels of hydrogen peroxide, conferring cardioprotection. This mechanism is absent in the newborn for unknown reasons. In the present study, we examined how the posttranslational modification of CAT contributes to its activation during hypoxia/ischemia and the role of c-Abl tyrosine kinase in this process. Hypoxia studies were carried out using primary cardiomyocytes from adult (>8 weeks) and newborn rats. Following hypoxia, the ratio of phosphorylated to total CAT and c-Abl in isolated newborn rat myocytes did not increase and were significantly lower (1.3- and 4.2-fold, respectively; P < .05) than their adult counterparts. Similarly, there was a significant association (P < .0005) between c-Abl and CAT in adult cells following hypoxia (30.9 ± 8.2 to 70.7 ± 13.1 au) that was absent in newborn myocytes. Although ubiquitination of CAT was higher in newborns compared to adults following hypoxia, inhibition of this did not improve CAT activity. When a c-Abl activator (5-(1,3-diaryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)hydantoin [DPH], 200 µmol/L) was administered prior to hypoxia, not only CAT activity was significantly increased (P < .05) but also phosphorylation levels were also significantly improved (P < .01) in these newborn myocytes. Additionally, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) studies were performed using newborn (4-5 days) rabbit hearts perfused in a Langendorff method. The DPH given as an intracardiac injection into the right ventricle of newborn rabbit resulted in a significant improvement (P < .002) in the recovery of developed pressure after IR, a key indicator of cardiac function (from 74.6% ± 6.6% to 118.7% ± 10.9%). In addition, CAT activity was increased 3.92-fold (P < .02) in the same DPH-treated hearts. Addition of DPH to adult rabbits in contrast had no significant effect (from 71.3% ± 10.7% to 59.4% ± 12.1%). Therefore, in the newborn, decreased phosphorylation of CAT by c-Abl potentially mediates IR-induced dysfunction, and activation of c-Abl may be a strategy to prevent ischemic injury associated with surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bernadette Cabigas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Archana V Boopathy
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pao Lin Che
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brian H Crawford
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gitangali Baroi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Srishti Bhutani
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mary B Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
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17
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Datta K, Suman S, Kallakury BVS, Fornace AJ. Exposure to heavy ion radiation induces persistent oxidative stress in mouse intestine. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42224. [PMID: 22936983 PMCID: PMC3427298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress is attributed to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to radiolysis of water molecules and is short lived. Persistent oxidative stress has also been observed after radiation exposure and is implicated in the late effects of radiation. The goal of this study was to determine if long-term oxidative stress in freshly isolated mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) is dependent on radiation quality at a dose relevant to fractionated radiotherapy. Mice (C57BL/6J; 6 to 8 weeks; female) were irradiated with 2 Gy of γ-rays, a low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, and intestinal tissues and IEC were collected 1 year after radiation exposure. Intracellular ROS, mitochondrial function, and antioxidant activity in IEC were studied by flow cytometry and biochemical assays. Oxidative DNA damage, cell death, and mitogenic activity in IEC were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Effects of γ radiation were compared to 56Fe radiation (iso-toxic dose: 1.6 Gy; energy: 1000 MeV/nucleon; LET: 148 keV/µm), we used as representative of high-LET radiation, since it's one of the important sources of high Z and high energy (HZE) radiation in cosmic rays. Radiation quality affected the level of persistent oxidative stress with higher elevation of intracellular ROS and mitochondrial superoxide in high-LET 56Fe radiation compared to unirradiated controls and γ radiation. NADPH oxidase activity, mitochondrial membrane damage, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were greater in 56Fe-irradiated mice. Compared to γ radiation oxidative DNA damage was higher, cell death ratio was unchanged, and mitotic activity was increased after 56Fe radiation. Taken together our results indicate that long-term functional dysregulation of mitochondria and increased NADPH oxidase activity are major contributing factors towards heavy ion radiation-induced persistent oxidative stress in IEC with potential for neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, United States of America.
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18
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Abstract
There is increasing interest in oxidative stress being a potential aetiological factor and/or a triggering factor in Crohn's disease, rather than a concomitant occurrence during the pathogenesis of the disease. Recent research has shown that the immune mononuclear cells of Crohn's disease patients are induced to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Similarly, the regulation of antioxidant enzymes during disease in these cells has been unravelled, showing that SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity and GPx (glutathione peroxidase) activity is increased during active disease and returns to normal in remission phases. However, catalase remains constantly inhibited which supports the idea that catalase is not a redox-sensitive enzyme, but a regulator of cellular processes. ROS (reactive oxygen species) can be produced under the stimulus of different cytokines such as TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α). It has been shown in different experimental models that they are also able to regulate apoptosis and other cellular processes. The status of oxidative stress elements in Crohn's disease and their possible implications in regulating cellular processes are reviewed in the present paper.
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19
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PTU-induced hypothyroidism modulates antioxidant defence status in the developing cerebellum. Int J Dev Neurosci 2010; 28:251-62. [PMID: 20123122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Revised: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism on oxidative stress parameters, expression of antioxidant defence enzymes, cell proliferation and apoptosis in the developing cerebellum. PTU challenged neonates showed significant decrease in serum T(3) and T(4) levels and marked increase in TSH levels. Significantly elevated levels of cerebellar H(2)O(2) and lipid peroxidation were observed in 7 days old hypothyroid rats, along with increased activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and decline in catalase activity. In 30 days old hypothyroid rats, a significant decline in cerebellar lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity and expression was observed along with an up-regulation in catalase activity and expression. Expression of antioxidant enzymes was studied by Western blot and semi-quantitative rt-PCR. A distinct increase in cell proliferation as indicated by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoreactivity was observed in the internal granular layer of cerebellum of 7 days old hypothyroid rats and significant drop in PCNA positive cells in the cerebellar molecular layer and internal granular layer of 30 days old PTU treated rats as compared to controls. In situ end labeling by TUNEL assay showed increased apoptosis in cerebellum of hypothyroid rats in comparison to controls. These results suggest that the antioxidant defence system of the developing cerebellum is sensitive to thyroid hormone deficiency and consequent alterations in oxidative stress status may play a role in regulation of cell proliferation of the cerebellum during neonatal brain development.
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Maresca V, Flori E, Bellei B, Aspite N, Kovacs D, Picardo M. MC1R stimulation by alpha-MSH induces catalase and promotes its re-distribution to the cell periphery and dendrites. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2010; 23:263-75. [PMID: 20067588 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148x.2010.00673.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated a direct correlation between melanogenic and catalase activities on in vitro and ex vivo models. Here, we investigated whether the stimulation of Melanocortin-1 Receptor (MC1R) could influence catalase expression, activity and cellular localization. For this purpose, we treated B16-F0 melanoma cells with alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (alpha-MSH) and we showed a rapid induction of catalase through a cAMP/PKA-dependent, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) independent mechanism, acting at post-transcriptional level. Moreover, alpha-MSH promoted a partial re-distribution of catalase to the cell periphery and dendrites. This work strengthens the correlation between melanogenesis and anti-oxidants, demonstrating the induction of catalase in response to a melanogenic stimulation, such as alpha-MSH-dependent MC1R activation. Moreover, this study highlights catalase regulatory mechanisms poorly known, and attributes to alpha-MSH a protective role in defending melanocytes, and possibly keratinocytes, not only on the basis of its pigmentary action, but also for its capacity to stimulate a quick anti-oxidant defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Maresca
- Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia Cutanea e Biologia Molecolare-Centro di Metabolomica, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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21
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Sureda A, Tauler P, Aguiló A, Cases N, Fuentespina E, Córdova A, Tur JA, Pons A. Relation between oxidative stress markers and antioxidant endogenous defences during exhaustive exercise. Free Radic Res 2009; 39:1317-24. [PMID: 16298861 DOI: 10.1080/10715760500177500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) could induce oxidative damage at long distance from its generation site and it is also an important signalling molecule that induces some genes related to oxidative stress. Our objective was to study the plasma and blood cells capability to detoxify H2O2 after intense exercise and its correlation with oxidative damage. Blood samples were taken from nine professional cycling, participating in a mountain stage, under basal conditions and 3 h after the competition. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities decreased (40 and 50% respectively) in neutrophils after the cycling stage, while glutathione peroxidase increased (87%) in lymphocytes. Catalase protein levels and catalase specific activity maintained basal values after the stage in plasma. Catalase protein levels decreased (48%) in neutrophils and its specific activity increased up to plasma values after exercise. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) increased (39%) in neutrophils after the cycling stage. Exercise-induced hemolysis and lymphopenia inversely correlated with cellular markers of oxidative stress. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) directly correlated with neutrophil MPO activity and erythrocytes MDA. Intense exercise induces oxidative damage in blood cells as erythrocytes and lymphocytes, but not in neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Sureda
- Laboratori de Ciències de l'Activitat Física, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crtra. Valldemossa Km 7.5. E-07122-Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
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22
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Jansen S, Cashman K, Thompson JG, Pantaleon M, Kaye PL. Glucose deprivation, oxidative stress and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARA) cause peroxisome proliferation in preimplantation mouse embryos. Reproduction 2009; 138:493-505. [PMID: 19531609 DOI: 10.1530/rep-09-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo two-cell mouse embryos deprived of glucose in vitro can develop to blastocysts by increasing their pyruvate consumption; however, zygotes when glucose-deprived cannot adapt this metabolic profile and degenerate as morulae. Prior to their death, these glucose-deprived morulae exhibit upregulation of the H+-monocarboxylate co-transporter SLC16A7 and catalase, which partly co-localize in peroxisomes. SLC16A7 has been linked to redox shuttling for peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Peroxisomal function is unclear during preimplantation development, but as a peroxisomal transporter in embryos, SLC16A7 may be involved and influenced by peroxisome proliferators such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARA). PCR confirmed Ppara mRNA expression in mouse embryos. Zygotes were cultured with or without glucose and with the PPARA-selective agonist WY14643 and the developing embryos assessed for expression of PPARA and phospho-PPARA in relation to the upregulation of SLC16A7 and catalase driven by glucose deprivation, indicative of peroxisomal proliferation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and relationship to PPARA expression were also analysed. In glucose-deprived zygotes, ROS was elevated within 2 h, as were PPARA expression within 8 h and catalase and SLC16A7 after 12-24 h compared with glucose-supplied embryos. Inhibition of ROS production prevented this induction of PPARA and SLC16A7. Selective PPARA agonism with WY14643 also induced SLC16A7 and catalase expression in the presence of glucose. These data suggest that glucose-deprived cleavage stage embryos, although supplied with sufficient monocarboxylate-derived energy, undergo oxidative stress and exhibit elevated ROS, which in turn upregulates PPARA, catalase and SLC16A7 in a classical peroxisomal proliferation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jansen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Abstract
Excessive hydrogen peroxide is harmful for almost all cell components, so its rapid and efficient removal is of essential importance for aerobically living organisms. Conversely, hydrogen peroxide acts as a second messenger in signal-transduction pathways. H(2)O(2) is degraded by peroxidases and catalases, the latter being able both to reduce H(2)O(2) to water and to oxidize it to molecular oxygen. Nature has evolved three protein families that are able to catalyze this dismutation at reasonable rates. Two of the protein families are heme enzymes: typical catalases and catalase-peroxidases. Typical catalases comprise the most abundant group found in Eubacteria, Archaeabacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia, whereas catalase-peroxidases are not found in plants and animals and exhibit both catalatic and peroxidatic activities. The third group is a minor bacterial protein family with a dimanganese active site called manganese catalases. Although catalyzing the same reaction (2 H(2)O(2)--> 2 H(2)O+ O(2)), the three groups differ significantly in their overall and active-site architecture and the mechanism of reaction. Here, we present an overview of the distribution, phylogeny, structure, and function of these enzymes. Additionally, we report about their physiologic role, response to oxidative stress, and about diseases related to catalase deficiency in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Zamocky
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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Hamelet J, Seltzer V, Petit E, Noll C, Andreau K, Delabar JM, Janel N. Cystathionine beta synthase deficiency induces catalase-mediated hydrogen peroxide detoxification in mice liver. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2008; 1782:482-8. [PMID: 18541157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cystathionine beta synthase deficiency induces hyperhomocysteinemia which is considered as a risk factor for vascular diseases. Studies underlined the importance of altered cellular redox reactions in hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular pathologies. Nevertheless, hyperhomocysteinemia also induces hepatic dysfunction which may accelerate the development of vascular pathologies by modifying cholesterol homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to analyze the modifications of redox state in the liver of heterozygous cystathionine beta synthase-deficient mice, a murine model of hyperhomocysteinemia. In this purpose, we quantified levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and we assayed activities of main antioxidant enzymes. We found that cystathionine beta synthase deficiency induced NADPH oxidase activation. However, there was no accumulation of reactive oxygen (superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide) and nitrogen (nitrite, peroxynitrite) species. On the contrary, hepatic hydrogen peroxide level was decreased independently of an activation of glutathione-dependent mechanisms. In fact, cystathionine beta synthase deficiency had no effect on glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities. However, we found a 50% increase in hepatic catalase activity without any variation of expression. These findings demonstrate that cystathionine beta synthase deficiency initiates redox disequilibrium in the liver. However, the activation of catalase attenuates oxidative impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Hamelet
- EA 3508, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7, Paris, France
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25
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Nemere I, Wilson C, Jensen W, Steinbeck M, Rohe B, Farach-Carson MC. Mechanism of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-mediated inhibition of rapid, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced responses: role of reactive oxygen species. J Cell Biochem 2007; 99:1572-81. [PMID: 16817236 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In intestine, 24,25(OH)(2)D(3), which is made under conditions of calcium-, phosphate-, and 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) sufficiency, inhibits the stimulatory actions of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) on phosphate and calcium absorption. In the current work, we provide evidence that 24,25(OH)(2)D(3)-mediated signal transduction occurs mechanistically through increased H(2)O(2) production which involves binding of 24,25(OH)(2)D(3) to catalase and resultant decreases in enzyme activity. Physiological levels of H(2)O(2) mimicked the action of 24,25(OH)(2)D(3) on inhibiting 1,25(OH)(2)D(3)-stimulated phosphate uptake in isolated enterocytes. Moreover, the molecular basis of such inhibition was suggested by the presence of two thioredoxin domains in the 1,25D(3)-MARRS protein/ERp57: Exposure of cells to either 24,25(OH)(2)D(3) or H(2)O(2) gradually reduced 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) binding to 1,25D(3)-MARRS protein, between 10 and 20 min of incubation, but not to VDR. Feeding studies with diets enriched in the antioxidants vitamins C and E showed that net phosphate absorption in vivo nearly doubled relative to chicks on control diet. Antioxidant diets also resulted in increased [(3)H]1,25(OH)(2)D(3) binding to both 1,25D(3)-MARRS and VDR, suggesting benefits to both transcription- and membrane-initiated signaling pathways. Intriguingly, phosphorous content of bones from birds on antioxidant diets was reduced, suggesting increased osteoclast activity. Because mature osteoclasts lack VDR, we analyzed a clonal osteoclast cell line by RT-PCR and found it contained the 1,25D(3)-MARRS mRNA. The combined data provide mechanistic details for the 1,25(OH)(2)D(3)/24,25(OH)(2)D(3) endocrine system, and point to a role for the 1,25D(3)-MARRS protein as a redox-sensitive mediator of osteoclast activity and potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Nemere
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and the Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-8700, USA.
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26
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Peery SL, Nemere I. Contributions of pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant conditions to the actions of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on phosphate uptake in intestinal cells. J Cell Biochem 2007; 101:1176-84. [PMID: 17226781 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The steroid hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] rapidly stimulates the uptake of phosphate in isolated chick intestinal cells, while the steroid 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3] inhibits the rapid stimulation by 1,25(OH)2D3. Earlier work in this laboratory has indicated that a cellular binding protein for 24,25(OH)2D3 is the enzyme catalase. Since binding resulted in decreased catalase activity and increased H2O2 production, studies were undertaken to determine if pro-oxidant conditions mimicked the inhibitory actions of 24,25(OH)2D3, and anti-oxidant conditions prevented the inhibitory actions of 24,25(OH)2D3. An antibody against the 24,25(OH)2D3 binding protein was found to neutralize the inhibitory effect of the steroid on 1,25(OH)2D3-mediated 32P uptake. Incubation of cells in the presence of 50 nM catalase was also found to alleviate inhibition. In another series of experiments, isolated intestinal epithelial cells were incubated as controls or with 1,25(OH)2D3, each in the presence of the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, or with 1,25(OH)2D3 alone. Cells exposed to hormone alone again showed an increased accumulation of 32P, while cells treated with catalase inhibitor and hormone had uptake levels that were indistinguishable from controls. We tested whether inactivation of protein kinase C (PKC), the signaling pathway for 32P uptake, occurred. Incubation of cells with phorbol-13-myristate (PMA) increased 32P uptake, while cells pretreated with 50 microM H2O2 prior to PMA did not exhibit increased uptake. Likewise, PMA significantly increased PKC activity while cells exposed to H2O2 prior to PMA did not. It is concluded that catalase has a central role in mediating rapid responses to steroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven L Peery
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and the Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-8700, USA
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Tejada S, Sureda A, Roca C, Gamundí A, Esteban S. Antioxidant response and oxidative damage in brain cortex after high dose of pilocarpine. Brain Res Bull 2007; 71:372-5. [PMID: 17208654 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2006] [Revised: 06/06/2006] [Accepted: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pilocarpine is a cholinergic agonist capable to induce seizures and an epilepticus-like state in rodents. This status epilepticus (SE) is an useful animal model to study the development and understanding of the neuropathology, behavioural and electroencephalographic alterations of human temporal lobe epilepsy. It has been suggested a relationship between SE and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can result in seizure-induced neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the existence of oxidative damage and the changes in the antioxidant system in cortex after administration of a high pilocarpine dose. Rats were injected with pilocarpine (350 mg/kg i.p.) or with saline as control and 2h after the animals were sacrificed. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as marker of lipid peroxidation, significantly increased (64%) after pilocarpine treatment evidencing oxidative damage. Antioxidant enzyme activities--catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)--significantly increased in response to pilocarpine (28%, 28% and 21%, respectively). GP and Mn-SOD gene expression were induced by pilocarpine treatment. Vitamin E concentration in brain cortex decreased (15%) as result of pilocarpine administration. In conclusion, the high dose of pilocarpine, used in the present study, induces oxidative damage and increases antioxidant enzyme activities and expression in brain cortex. Moreover, increased lipid peroxidation produces the consumption of Vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tejada
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. Valldemossa, Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Balears, Spain
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Larsson D, Anderson D, Smith NM, Nemere I. 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 binds to catalase. J Cell Biochem 2006; 97:1259-66. [PMID: 16552753 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.20717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the vitamin D metabolite, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25(OH)2D3) has endocrine actions. In the current work, we report that an endogenous binding protein for 24,25(OH)2D3 is catalase, based on sequence analysis of the isolated protein. An antibody (Ab 365) generated against equivalent protein recognized bovine catalase and a 64 kDa band in subcellular fractions of chick intestine. A commercially available anti-catalase antibody reduced specific [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 binding in subcellular fractions of chick intestine by greater than 65%, relative to the same fractions treated with an unrelated antibody (Ab 099). The same commercially available anti-catalase was able to block the inhibitory actions of 24,25(OH)2D3 on 32P uptake in isolated intestinal epithelial cell suspensions. We subsequently characterized binding of steroid to commercially available catalase, and found that between 0 and 5 nM of enzyme added to subcellular fraction P2 (20,000g, 10-min post-nuclear pellet) resulted in a linear increase in the amount of [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 specifically bound. Additional studies indicated that 25(OH)D3 was an effective competitor for binding, whereas 1,25(OH)2D3 only poorly displaced [3H]24,25(OH)2D3. Saturation analyses with added catalase yielded a physiologically relevant affinity constant (KD=5.6+/-2.7 nM) and a Bmax=209+/-34 fmols/mg protein, comparable to previous studies using purified basal lateral membranes or vesicular fractions. Moreover, in a study on subcellular fractions isolated from chickens of varying ages, we found that in females, both specific [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 binding and catalase activity increased from 7- to 58-week-old birds, whereas in males, elevated levels of both parameters were expressed in preparations of 7- and 58-week-old birds. The data suggest that signal transduction may occur through modulation of hydrogen peroxide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Larsson
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and the Center for Integrated Biosystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, USA
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Abstract
Enzyme catalase seems to be the main regulator of hydrogen peroxide metabolism. Hydrogen peroxide at high concentrations is a toxic agent, while at low concentrations it appears to modulate some physiological processes such as signaling in cell proliferation, apoptosis, carbohydrate metabolism, and platelet activation. Benign catalase gene mutations of 5' noncoding region (15) and intron 1 (4) have no effect on catalase activity and are not associated with disease. Catalase gene mutations have been detected in association with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and vitiligo. Decreases in catalase activity in patients with tumors is more likely to be due to decreased enzyme synthesis rather than to catalase mutations.Acatalasemia, the inherited deficiency of catalase has been detected in 11 countries. Its clinical features might be oral gangrene, altered lipid, carbohydrate, homocysteine metabolism and the increased risk of diabetes mellitus. The Japanese, Swiss, and Hungarian types of acatalasemia display differences in biochemical and genetic aspects. However, there are only limited reports on the syndrome causing these mutations. These data show that acatalasemia may be a syndrome with clinical, biochemical, genetic characteristics rather than just a simple enzyme deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Góth
- Department of Clinical Analytical Chemistry, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Sureda A, Batle JM, Tauler P, Aguiló A, Cases N, Tur JA, Pons A. Hypoxia/reoxygenation and vitamin C intake influence NO synthesis and antioxidant defenses of neutrophils. Free Radic Biol Med 2004; 37:1744-55. [PMID: 15528034 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2003] [Revised: 07/06/2004] [Accepted: 07/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation mediates the pathophysiological consequence of ischemia/reperfusion and human diseases. Diving apnea could be a good model of oxidative stress induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. We studied the influence of vitamin C diet supplementation on the response of neutrophil antioxidant defenses, NO production, and redox status to diving apnea. Seven professional apnea divers participated in a double-blind cross study. Divers were assigned to either vitamin C-supplemented (1 g/d for a week) or placebo groups. Blood samples were taken under basal conditions, immediately after diving apnea for 4 h and after 1 h of recovery. Plasma vitamin C increased only in the supplemented group after diving and was maintained high in recovery. Diving apnea decreased neutrophil GSH/GSSG ratio in both groups, but maintained protein carbonyl derivates. Neutrophil catalase activity and levels and glutathione peroxidase activity were lower in the supplemented group than in the placebo group after diving. iNOS and nitrite levels decreased only in the supplemented group after diving and recovery. Diving apnea induced oxidative stress and initiated neutrophil reactions that resemble the acute-phase immune response with increased myeloperoxidase activity in neutrophils. Diet supplementation with vitamin C reduced neutrophil iNOS levels and NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Sureda
- Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Campus Universitari, Crtra. Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
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Yano S, Arroyo N, Yano N. Catalase binds Grb2 in tumor cells when stimulated with serum or ligands for integrin receptors. Free Radic Biol Med 2004; 36:1542-54. [PMID: 15182856 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2003] [Revised: 03/26/2004] [Accepted: 04/02/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that H(2)O(2) acts as a second messenger of mitogenic signaling and that catalase is under the regulation of PKA and PKC signaling. Here we examined whether catalase binds any mitogenic signaling molecules. Our results indicated that serum stimulation of HeLa, Caco-2, and LiSa-2 cells, but not BJ-1 and primary human bronchial epithelial cells, resulted in catalase binding to Grb2. Whereas serum deprivation, butyrate, and herbimycin-A negatively regulated the binding, an extended culture of confluent Caco-2 cells resulted in binding of an additional but as yet unidentified molecule to the Grb2-catalase complex. Expression of active catalase nearly 15-fold over control level in Tet-off HeLa cells substantially increased binding to Grb2, and this was sensitive to 3-aminotriazole, a specific catalase inhibitor. Furthermore, fibrinogen, fibronectin, and laminin, but not collagen types I to V, hyaluronic acid, elastin, insulin, EGF, IGF-I, PDGF, or NGF, resulted in binding similar to that of serum. A mutation of tyrosine to phenylalanine at 447 abolished the binding capability of catalase to Grb2 in vitro. These results support the view that catalase (447)Tyr-Val-Asn-Val binds Grb2 upon phosphorylation in tumor cells when stimulated with serum or ligands for integrin receptors. This is the first report demonstrating that catalase binds a SH2 domain of the molecule and participates in integrin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumio Yano
- Department of Biochemistry, Ponce School of Medicine, Ponce, PR 00731, USA.
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