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Caldwell J, Gopal K, Ortu D, Miller S. Electrophysiological auditory measures to identify potential cortical markers of tinnitus. Brain Res 2024; 1842:149100. [PMID: 38942351 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Tinnitus, or the perception of a sound in the absence of an external acoustic stimulus, is a common condition that cannot yet be objectively diagnosed. Current diagnostic tests of tinnitus consist of case history and behavioral measures that rely on subjective responses. This study examined electrophysiological measures, specifically the auditory late response (ALR), mismatch negativity (MMN), and P300 as potential neural biomarkers of tinnitus in both a tinnitus and non-tinnitus control group while utilizing the pitch-matched tinnitus frequencies as the test stimuli. Results of this study found differences in MMN amplitudes and area under the curve, and in P300 topographic maps between tinnitus and control subjects. The differences in MMN responses across groups suggest that dysfunctional processing of acoustic stimuli located near the tinnitus frequency in individuals with tinnitus manifests as soon as 200 ms after initial onset of the stimulus. In addition, results from a global field power analysis and differences in spatial distributions on topographical maps indicate that deficits persist through higher levels of cortical processing. A secondary goal of this study was to determine if electrophysiological measures correlated with reported tinnitus severity on questionnaires. This analysis indicated that P2 latency was a significant predictor of Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, and percent of the time participant's tinnitus was considered bothersome, suggesting that this measure could potentially be used to assess the efficacy of treatment programs for tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Caldwell
- Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, The University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.
| | - Kamakshi Gopal
- Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, The University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Daniele Ortu
- Department of Behavior Analysis, The University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Sharon Miller
- Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, The University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
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Criel Y, Depuydt E, Miatton M, Santens P, van Mierlo P, De Letter M. Cortical Generators and Connections Underlying Phoneme Perception: A Mismatch Negativity and P300 Investigation. Brain Topogr 2024; 37:1089-1117. [PMID: 38958833 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-024-01065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The cortical generators of the pure tone MMN and P300 have been thoroughly studied. Their nature and interaction with respect to phoneme perception, however, is poorly understood. Accordingly, the cortical sources and functional connections that underlie the MMN and P300 in relation to passive and active speech sound perception were identified. An inattentive and attentive phonemic oddball paradigm, eliciting a MMN and P300 respectively, were administered in 60 healthy adults during simultaneous high-density EEG recording. For both the MMN and P300, eLORETA source reconstruction was performed. The maximal cross-correlation was calculated between ROI-pairs to investigate inter-regional functional connectivity specific to passive and active deviant processing. MMN activation clusters were identified in the temporal (insula, superior temporal gyrus and temporal pole), frontal (rostral middle frontal and pars opercularis) and parietal (postcentral and supramarginal gyrus) cortex. Passive discrimination of deviant phonemes was aided by a network connecting right temporoparietal cortices to left frontal areas. For the P300, clusters with significantly higher activity were found in the frontal (caudal middle frontal and precentral), parietal (precuneus) and cingulate (posterior and isthmus) cortex. Significant intra- and interhemispheric connections between parietal, cingulate and occipital regions constituted the network governing active phonemic target detection. A predominantly bilateral network was found to underly both the MMN and P300. While passive phoneme discrimination is aided by a fronto-temporo-parietal network, active categorization calls on a network entailing fronto-parieto-cingulate cortices. Neural processing of phonemic contrasts, as reflected by the MMN and P300, does not appear to show pronounced lateralization to the language-dominant hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Criel
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Emma Depuydt
- Medical Imaging and Signal Processing Group, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marijke Miatton
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Santens
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter van Mierlo
- Medical Imaging and Signal Processing Group, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miet De Letter
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Cheng S, Li X, Zhan Q, Wang Y, Guo Y, Huang W, Cao Y, Feng T, Wang H, Wu S, An F, Wang X, Zhao L, Liu X. Processing Self-Related Information Under Non-attentional Conditions Revealed by Visual MMN. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:782496. [PMID: 35463934 PMCID: PMC9019658 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.782496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) of event-related potentials (ERPs) is a biomarker reflecting the preattentional change detection under non-attentional conditions. This study was performed to explore whether high self-related information could elicit MMN in the visual channel, indicating the automatic processing of self-related information at the preattentional stage. Thirty-five participants were recruited and asked to list 25 city names including the birthplace. According to the difference of relevance reported from the participants, we divided names of the different cities into high (birthplace as deviants), medium (Xi’an, where participants’ university is located, as deviants), and low (totally unrelated cities as standard stimuli) self-related information. Visual MMN (vMMN) was elicited by high self-related information but not by medium self-related information, with an occipital–temporal scalp distribution, indicating that, under non-attentional condition, high self-related information can be effectively processed automatically in the preattentional stage compared with low self-related information. These data provided new electrophysiological evidence for self-related information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sizhe Cheng
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinhong Li
- Department of General Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingchen Zhan
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yapei Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaning Guo
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, 923 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanning, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tingwei Feng
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengjun Wu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei An
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuchao Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lun Zhao
- School of Education Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xufeng Liu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Jiao X, Hu Q, Tang Y, Qian Z, Tong S, Wang J, Sun J. Test-retest reliability of mismatch negativity and gamma-band auditory steady-state response in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2022; 240:165-174. [PMID: 35030446 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia show widespread impairments in clinical, cognitive and psychosocial functioning. Mismatch negativity (MMN) and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) are two neurophysiological biomarkers widely used to inform diagnosis, guide treatments and track response to interventions in schizophrenia. However, evidence for the test-retest reliability of these indices across multiple sessions in schizophrenia patients remains scarce. In the present study, we included 34 schizophrenia patients (17 females) and obtained duration MMN (dMMN), frequency MMN (fMMN) and 40-Hz ASSR data across three sessions with intervals of 2 days. Event-related spectrum perturbation (ERSP) and inter-trial coherence (ITC) were calculated following Morlet wavelet time-frequency decomposition of ASSR data. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to quantify the reliability of MMN and ASSR measures among the three sessions. We found fair to good reliability for dMMN amplitudes but poor reliability for fMMN amplitudes. For the ASSR measures, ERSP showed good to excellent test-retest reliability while ITC had poor to fair test-retest reliability. In addition, the average of dMMN amplitudes was significantly correlated with that of ERSP across the three sessions. In summary, we established for the first time the short-term test-retest reliability of MMN and ASSR measures in schizophrenia patients. These findings demonstrate that dMMN amplitudes and ERSP of ASSR are reliable indices which may be used in longitudinal observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Jiao
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qiang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhenying Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shanbao Tong
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China; Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Wang J, Chen T, Jiao X, Liu K, Tong S, Sun J. Test-retest reliability of duration-related and frequency-related mismatch negativity. Neurophysiol Clin 2021; 51:541-548. [PMID: 34750039 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES -Mismatch negativity (MMN) has been demonstrated as a potential biomarker for pre-attentive processing and prognosis in patients with psychosis. However, previous studies mainly evaluated the reliability of MMN across only two repeated sessions, which is inadequate to draw a convincing conclusion. The current study aimed to assess multi-session test-retest reliability in duration-related MMN (dMMN) and frequency-related MMN (fMMN). METHODS -We recorded four repeated sessions of electroencephalography (EEG) from 16 healthy participants in an oddball task. MMNs were extracted and their reliability was evaluated by intra-class coefficient (ICC). We also analyzed the correlation between fMMN and dMMN. RESULTS -Both dMMN and fMMN amplitudes exhibited good test-retest reliability, and fMMN had better reliability (average ICC = 0.7279) than dMMN (average ICC = 0.6974). Moreover, dMMN and fMMN showed more than moderate linear correlation in amplitudes (r = 0.598, CI: [0.100, 0.857]). CONCLUSION -Both the duration- and frequency-related MMN amplitudes were highly reliable across four-session experiments. These results provide further evidence for the potential utility of MMNs as biomarkers in research into brain function, and prognosis in psychotic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiong Jiao
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Shanbao Tong
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Mismatch negativity in patients with major depressive disorder: A meta-analysis. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:2654-2665. [PMID: 34456164 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Deficits of mismatch negativity (MMN), a general index of echoic memory function, have been documented in patients with schizophrenia. However, it remains controversial whether patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) demonstrate MMN defects compared with healthy controls (HC). METHODS After screening 41 potential studies identified in PubMed and Medline, 13 studies consisting of 343 HC and 339 patients with MDD were included in the present meta-analysis. The effect sizes (Hedges's g) with a random-effect and inverse-variance weighted model were estimated for the MMN amplitudes and latencies. The effects of different deviant types (i.e., frequency and duration) and of different illness stages (i.e., acute and chronic) on MMN were also examined. RESULTS We found that 1) MMN amplitudes (g = 1.273, p < 0.001) and latencies (g = 0.303, p = 0.027) to duration, but not frequency deviants, were significantly impaired in patients with MDD compared to HC; 2), acute patients exhibited lower MMN amplitudes (g = 1.735, p < 0.001) and prolonged MMN latencies (g = 0.461, p = 0.007) for the duration deviants compared to HC. Only the attenuated duration MMN amplitudes were detected in patients with chronic MDD (g = 0.822, p = 0.027); and 3) depressive symptoms did not significantly correlate with MMN responses. CONCLUSIONS Patients with MDD demonstrated abnormal MMN responses to duration deviants compared to HC. SIGNIFICANCE Duration MMN may constitute an electrophysiological indicator to differentiate HC from patients with MDD, particularly those in the acute stage.
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Kask A, Põldver N, Ausmees L, Kreegipuu K. Subjectively different emotional schematic faces not automatically discriminated from the brain's bioelectrical responses. Conscious Cogn 2021; 93:103150. [PMID: 34051391 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2021.103150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates how the brain automatically discriminates emotional schematic faces, as indicated by the mismatch responses, and how reliable these brain responses are. Thirty-three healthy volunteers participated in the vMMN EEG experiment with four experimental sets differing from each other by the type of standard (object with scrambled face features) and the type of deviants (Angry, Happy and Neutral schematic faces) presented. Conscious subjective evaluations of valence, arousal and attention catching of the same stimuli showed clear differentiation of emotional expressions. Deviant faces elicited rather similar vMMN at frontal and occipital sites. Bayesian analyses suggest that vMMN does not differ between angry and happy faces. Neutral faces, however, did not yield statistically significant vMMN at occipital leads. Pearson's correlation and intra-class correlation analyses showed that the brain's reactions to the stimuli were highly stable within individuals across the experimental sets, whereas the mismatch responses were much more variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Kask
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Doctoral School of Behavioural, Social and Health Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nele Põldver
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liisi Ausmees
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kairi Kreegipuu
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
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Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a component of the difference waveform derived from passive auditory oddball stimulation. Since its inception in 1978, this has become one of the most popular event-related potential techniques, with over two-thousand published studies using this method. This is a testament to the ingenuity and commitment of generations of researchers engaging in basic, clinical and animal research. Despite this intensive effort, high-level descriptions of the mechanisms theorized to underpin mismatch negativity have scarcely changed over the past four decades. The prevailing deviance detection theory posits that MMN reflects inattentive detection of difference between repetitive standard and infrequent deviant stimuli due to a mismatch between the unexpected deviant and a memory representation of the standard. Evidence for these mechanisms is inconclusive, and a plausible alternative sensory processing theory considers fundamental principles of sensory neurophysiology to be the primary source of differences between standard and deviant responses evoked during passive oddball stimulation. By frequently being restated without appropriate methods to exclude alternatives, the potentially flawed deviance detection theory has remained largely dominant, which could lead some researchers and clinicians to assume its veracity implicitly. It is important to have a more comprehensive understanding of the source(s) of MMN generation before its widespread application as a clinical biomarker. This review evaluates issues of validity concerning the prevailing theoretical account of mismatch negativity and the passive auditory oddball paradigm, highlighting several limitations regarding its interpretation and clinical application.
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Jiao X, Ying C, Tong S, Tang Y, Wang J, Sun J. The lateralization and reliability of spatial mismatch negativity elicited by auditory deviants with virtual spatial location. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 165:92-100. [PMID: 33901512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an intensively studied event-related potential component that reflects pre-attentive auditory processing. Existing spatial MMN (sMMN) studies usually use loud-speakers in different locations or deliver sound with binaural localization cues through earphones to elicit MMN, which either was practically complicated or sounded unnatural to the subjects. In the present study, we generated head related transfer function (HRTF)-based spatial sounds and verified that the HRTF-based sounds retained the left and the right spatial localization cues. We further used them as deviants to elicit sMMN with conventional oddball paradigm. Results showed that sMMN was successfully elicited by the HRTF-based deviants in 18 of 21 healthy subjects in two separate sessions. Furthermore, the left deviants elicited higher sMMN amplitudes in the right hemisphere compared to the left hemisphere, while the right deviants elicited sMMN with similar amplitudes in both hemispheres, which supports a combination of contralateral and right-hemispheric dominance in spatial auditory information processing. In addition, the sMMN in response to the right deviants showed good test-retest reliability, while the sMMN in response to the left deviants had weak test-retest reliability. These findings implicate that HRTF-based sMMN could be a robust paradigm to investigate spatial localization and discrimination abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Jiao
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunwei Ying
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shanbao Tong
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Curtis MT, Coffman BA, Salisbury DF. Pitch and Duration Mismatch Negativity are Associated With Distinct Auditory Cortex and Inferior Frontal Cortex Volumes in the First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2:sgab005. [PMID: 33738454 PMCID: PMC7953127 DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Pitch and duration mismatch negativity (pMMN/dMMN) are related to left Heschl's gyrus gray matter volumes in first-episode schizophrenia (FESz). Previous methods were unable to delineate functional subregions within and outside Heschl's gyrus. The Human Connectome Project multimodal parcellation (HCP-MMP) atlas overcomes this limitation by parcellating these functional subregions. Further, MMN has generators in inferior frontal cortex, and therefore, may be associated with inferior frontal cortex pathology. With the novel use of the HCP-MMP to precisely parcellate auditory and inferior frontal cortex, we investigated relationships between gray matter and pMMN and dMMN in FESz. Methods pMMN and dMMN were measured at Fz from 27 FESz and 27 matched healthy controls. T1-weighted MRI scans were acquired. The HCP-MMP atlas was applied to individuals, and gray matter volumes were calculated for bilateral auditory and inferior frontal cortex parcels and correlated with MMN. FDR correction was used for multiple comparisons. Results In FESz only, pMMN was negatively correlated with left medial belt in auditory cortex and area 47L in inferior frontal cortex. Duration MMN negatively correlated with the following auditory parcels: left medial belt, lateral belt, parabelt, TA2, and right A5. Further, dMMN was associated with left area 47L, right area 44, and right area 47L in inferior frontal cortex. Conclusions The novel approach revealed overlapping and distinct gray matter associations for pMMN and dMMN in auditory and inferior frontal cortex in FESz. Thus, pMMN and dMMN may serve as biomarkers of underlying pathological deficits in both similar and slightly different cortical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Curtis
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Brian A Coffman
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Dean F Salisbury
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Vaquero L, Ramos-Escobar N, Cucurell D, François C, Putkinen V, Segura E, Huotilainen M, Penhune V, Rodríguez-Fornells A. Arcuate fasciculus architecture is associated with individual differences in pre-attentive detection of unpredicted music changes. Neuroimage 2021; 229:117759. [PMID: 33454403 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mismatch negativity (MMN) is an event related brain potential (ERP) elicited by unpredicted sounds presented in a sequence of repeated auditory stimuli. The neural sources of the MMN have been previously attributed to a fronto-temporo-parietal network which crucially overlaps with the so-called auditory dorsal stream, involving inferior and middle frontal, inferior parietal, and superior and middle temporal regions. These cortical areas are structurally connected by the arcuate fasciculus (AF), a three-branch pathway supporting the feedback-feedforward loop involved in auditory-motor integration, auditory working memory, storage of acoustic templates, as well as comparison and update of those templates. Here, we characterized the individual differences in the white-matter macrostructural properties of the AF and explored their link to the electrophysiological marker of passive change detection gathered in a melodic multifeature MMN-EEG paradigm in 26 healthy young adults without musical training. Our results show that left fronto-temporal white-matter connectivity plays an important role in the pre-attentive detection of rhythm modulations within a melody. Previous studies have shown that this AF segment is also critical for language processing and learning. This strong coupling between structure and function in auditory change detection might be related to life-time linguistic (and possibly musical) exposure and experiences, as well as to timing processing specialization of the left auditory cortex. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time in which the relationship between neurophysiological (EEG) and brain white-matter connectivity indexes using DTI-tractography are studied together. Thus, the present results, although still exploratory, add to the existing evidence on the importance of studying the constraints imposed on cognitive functions by the underlying structural connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Vaquero
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid and Polytechnic University of Madrid, Campus Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Neus Ramos-Escobar
- Department of Cognition, Development and Education Psychology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Cucurell
- Department of Cognition, Development and Education Psychology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clément François
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LPL, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Vesa Putkinen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Emma Segura
- Department of Cognition, Development and Education Psychology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Minna Huotilainen
- Cicero Learning and Cognitive Brain Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virginia Penhune
- Penhune Laboratory for Motor Learning and Neural Plasticity, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada; International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS). Montreal, QC, Canada; Center for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), McGill University. Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells
- Department of Cognition, Development and Education Psychology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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O'Reilly JA, Conway BA. Classical and controlled auditory mismatch responses to multiple physical deviances in anaesthetised and conscious mice. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:1839-1854. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. O'Reilly
- College of Biomedical Engineering Rangsit University Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Bernard A. Conway
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK
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13
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Wang X, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Gao Z, Li Y, Zhou T, Zhang H, He J, Cong F. Combined Behavioral and Mismatch Negativity Evidence for the Effects of Long-Lasting High-Definition tDCS in Disorders of Consciousness: A Pilot Study. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:381. [PMID: 32410950 PMCID: PMC7198816 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effects of long-term High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over precuneus on the level of consciousness (LOC) and the relationship between Mismatch negativity (MMN) and the LOC over the therapy period in patients with Disorders of consciousness (DOCs). Methods We employed a with-in group repeated measures design with an anode HD-tDCS protocol (2 mA, 20 min, the precuneus) on 11 (2 vegetative state and nine minimally conscious state) patients with DOCs. MMN and Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) scores were measured at four time points: before the treatment of HD-tDCS (T0), after a single session of HD-tDCS (T1), after the treatment of 7 days (T2) and 14 days (T3). A frequency-deviant oddball paradigm with two deviation magnitudes (standard stimulus: 1000 Hz, small deviant stimuli: 1050 Hz, large deviant stimuli: 1200 Hz) was adopted to elicit MMN. Results Significant improvements of CRS-R score were found after 7-day (T2) and 14-day (T3) treatment compared with baseline (T0). Regarding the MMN, significant improvements of MMN amplitudes were observed after a single session of stimulation (T1), 7-day (T2) and 14-day treatment (T3) compared with baseline (T0). Additionally, there were significant negative correlations between CRS-R scores and MMN amplitudes elicited by both large and small deviant stimuli. Conclusion Long-term HD-tDCS over precuneus might improve signs of consciousness in patients with DOCs as measured by CRS-R total scores, and MMN could be an assistant assessment in the course of tDCS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yongkun Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunge Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Jinju Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yingxin Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Tianlin Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianghong He
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyu Cong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.,Faculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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14
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Hirano Y, Nakamura I, Tamura S, Onitsuka T. Long-Term Test-Retest Reliability of Auditory Gamma Oscillations Between Different Clinical EEG Systems. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:876. [PMID: 32982810 PMCID: PMC7492637 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing interest in the utility of gamma-band activity for assessing various brain functions, including perception, language, memory, and cognition. The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) involves neural activity in the brain elicited by trains of a click sound, and its maximum response is obtained at 40 Hz (40-Hz ASSR). Abnormalities of the 40-Hz ASSR are also widely reported in patients with schizophrenia. Thus, the test-retest reliability of the ASSR is important for its clinical and translational application. However, there are only limited studies reporting the short-term reliability between acquisitions at two time points made using the same electroencephalogram (EEG) system. Furthermore, the long-term reliability between multiple EEG systems and the reliability of spontaneous gamma activity are unknown but are crucial for multicenter collaborative research. METHODS We examined the long-term test-retest reliability of 40-Hz ASSR oscillatory activities indexed by the phase locking factor (PLF), evoked power, and (non-phase-locked) induced power between two clinical 19-electrode EEG systems [recorded twice for EEG-1 (time1 and time2) and EEG-2 (time3 and time4)] at four time points from 14 healthy controls over a duration of 5 months. Test-retest reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). RESULTS Both PLF and evoked power showed good to excellent ICCs (>0.60), mainly in the Fz-electrode, both within each EEG system-EEG-1 [(time1 vs. time2) PLF: ICC = 0.66, evoked power: ICC = 0.88] and EEG-2 [(time3 vs. time4) PLF: ICC = 0.82, evoked power: ICC = 0.77]-and between the two EEG systems [(EEG-1 vs. EEG-2) PLF: ICC = 0.73, evoked power: ICC = 0.84]. In contrast, induced power showed the highest (excellent) ICC between the two EEG systems (ICC = 0.95) mainly in the Cz-electrode. For PLF, the Fz-electrode showed better test-retest reliability across all EEG recordings than the Cz-electrode (Fz: ICC = 0.67, Cz: ICC = 0.63), whereas we found similar excellent reproducibility across all EEG recordings from both electrodes for evoked power (Fz: ICC = 0.79, Cz: ICC = 0.77) and induced power (Fz: ICC = 0.79, Cz: ICC = 0.80). CONCLUSION The 40-Hz ASSR oscillatory activities, including induced power, showed excellent test-retest reliability, even when using different EEG systems over a duration of 5 months. These findings confirm the utility of the 40-Hz ASSR as a reliable clinical and translatable biomarker for multicenter collaborative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoji Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Neural Dynamics Laboratory, Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Itta Nakamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Onitsuka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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15
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Electrophysiological assessment methodology of sensory processing dysfunction in schizophrenia and dementia of the Alzheimer type. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 97:70-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Chen C, Chan CW, Cheng Y. Test-Retest Reliability of Mismatch Negativity (MMN) to Emotional Voices. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:453. [PMID: 30498437 PMCID: PMC6249375 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A voice from kin species conveys indispensable social and affective signals with uniquely phylogenetic and ontogenetic standpoints. However, the neural underpinning of emotional voices, beyond low-level acoustic features, activates a processing chain that proceeds from the auditory pathway to the brain structures implicated in cognition and emotion. By using a passive auditory oddball paradigm, which employs emotional voices, this study investigates the test–retest reliability of emotional mismatch negativity (MMN), indicating that the deviants of positively (happily)- and negatively (angrily)-spoken syllables, as compared to neutral standards, can trigger MMN as a response to an automatic discrimination of emotional salience. The neurophysiological estimates of MMN to positive and negative deviants appear to be highly reproducible, irrespective of the subject’s attentional disposition: whether the subjects are set to a condition that involves watching a silent movie or do a working memory task. Specifically, negativity bias is evinced as threatening, relative to positive vocalizations, consistently inducing larger MMN amplitudes, regardless of the day and the time of a day. The present findings provide evidence to support the fact that emotional MMN offers a stable platform to detect subtle changes in current emotional shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center of Brain and Consciousness, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Chan
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yawei Cheng
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan.,Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Research and Education, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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17
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McCleery A, Wynn JK, Mathalon DH, Roach BJ, Green MF. Hallucinations, neuroplasticity, and prediction errors in schizophrenia. Scand J Psychol 2018; 59:41-48. [PMID: 29356009 PMCID: PMC5969574 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Auditory hallucinations, a hallmark symptom of psychosis, are experienced by most people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia at some point in their illness. Auditory hallucinations can be understood as a failure in predictive coding, whereby abnormalities in sensory/perceptual processing combine with biased cognitive processes to result in a dampening of normal prediction error signaling. In this paper, we used a roving mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm to optimize evaluation of prediction error signaling and short-term neuroplasticity in 30 people with schizophrenia (n = 16 with and n = 14 without recent auditory hallucinations) and 20 healthy comparison participants. The recent hallucinations group exhibited an abnormal roving MMN profile [F(2,27) = 3.98, p = 0.03], significantly reduced prediction error signaling [t(28) = -2.25, p = 0.03], and a trend for diminished short-term neuroplasticity [t(28) = 1.80, p = 0.08]. There were no statistically significant differences between the healthy comparison group and the combined schizophrenia group on any of the roving MMN indices. These findings are consistent with a predictive coding account of hallucinations in schizophrenia, which posits reduced prediction error signaling in those who are prone to hallucinations. These results also suggest that plasticity-mediated formation and online updating of predictive coding models may also be disrupted in individuals with recent hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda McCleery
- University of California, Los Angeles, Veterans Integrated Service Network 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles, Veterans Integrated Service Network 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center
| | - Jonathan K. Wynn
- University of California, Los Angeles, Veterans Integrated Service Network 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles, Veterans Integrated Service Network 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Brian J. Roach
- Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Michael F. Green
- University of California, Los Angeles, Veterans Integrated Service Network 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles, Veterans Integrated Service Network 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center
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18
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Test-retest reliability of the magnetic mismatch negativity response to sound duration and omission deviants. Neuroimage 2017; 157:184-195. [PMID: 28576412 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a neurophysiological measure of auditory novelty detection that could serve as a translational biomarker of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. However, the replicability of its magnetoencephalographic (MEG) counterpart (MMNm) has been insufficiently addressed. In the current study, test-retest reliability of the MMNm response to both duration and omission deviants was evaluated over two MEG sessions in 16 healthy adults. MMNm amplitudes and latencies were obtained at both sensor- and source-level using a cortically-constrained minimum-norm approach. Intraclass correlations (ICC) were derived to assess stability of MEG responses over time. In addition, signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and within-subject statistics were obtained in order to determine MMNm detectability in individual participants. ICC revealed robust values at both sensor- and source-level for both duration and omission MMNm amplitudes (ICC = 0.81-0.90), in particular in the right hemisphere, while moderate to strong values were obtained for duration MMNm and omission MMNm peak latencies (ICC = 0.74-0.88). Duration MMNm was robustly identified in individual participants with high SNR, whereas omission MMNm responses were only observed in half of the participants. Our data indicate that MMNm to unexpected duration changes and omitted sounds are highly reproducible, providing support for the use of MEG-parameters in basic and clinical research.
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19
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Kompus K, Westerhausen R, Craven AR, Kreegipuu K, Põldver N, Passow S, Specht K, Hugdahl K, Näätänen R. Resting-state glutamatergic neurotransmission is related to the peak latency of the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) for duration deviants: An1H-MRS-EEG study. Psychophysiology 2015; 52:1131-9. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Kompus
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- NORMENT Center of Excellence; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - René Westerhausen
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Department of Psychology; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Alex R. Craven
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- NORMENT Center of Excellence; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | | | - Nele Põldver
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu; Tartu Estonia
- Doctoral School of Behavioural, Social and Health Sciences; University of Tartu; Tartu Estonia
| | - Susanne Passow
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- NORMENT Center of Excellence; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Karsten Specht
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Engineering; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Kenneth Hugdahl
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- NORMENT Center of Excellence; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Division of Psychiatry; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Radiology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Risto Näätänen
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu; Tartu Estonia
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Center of Functionally Integrated Neurosciences (CFIN); University of Aarhus; Aarhus Denmark
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20
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Rissling AJ, Miyakoshi M, Sugar CA, Braff DL, Makeig S, Light GA. Cortical substrates and functional correlates of auditory deviance processing deficits in schizophrenia. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2014; 6:424-37. [PMID: 25379456 PMCID: PMC4218942 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although sensory processing abnormalities contribute to widespread cognitive and psychosocial impairments in schizophrenia (SZ) patients, scalp-channel measures of averaged event-related potentials (ERPs) mix contributions from distinct cortical source-area generators, diluting the functional relevance of channel-based ERP measures. SZ patients (n = 42) and non-psychiatric comparison subjects (n = 47) participated in a passive auditory duration oddball paradigm, eliciting a triphasic (Deviant−Standard) tone ERP difference complex, here termed the auditory deviance response (ADR), comprised of a mid-frontal mismatch negativity (MMN), P3a positivity, and re-orienting negativity (RON) peak sequence. To identify its cortical sources and to assess possible relationships between their response contributions and clinical SZ measures, we applied independent component analysis to the continuous 68-channel EEG data and clustered the resulting independent components (ICs) across subjects on spectral, ERP, and topographic similarities. Six IC clusters centered in right superior temporal, right inferior frontal, ventral mid-cingulate, anterior cingulate, medial orbitofrontal, and dorsal mid-cingulate cortex each made triphasic response contributions. Although correlations between measures of SZ clinical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning and standard (Fz) scalp-channel ADR peak measures were weak or absent, for at least four IC clusters one or more significant correlations emerged. In particular, differences in MMN peak amplitude in the right superior temporal IC cluster accounted for 48% of the variance in SZ-subject performance on tasks necessary for real-world functioning and medial orbitofrontal cluster P3a amplitude accounted for 40%/54% of SZ-subject variance in positive/negative symptoms. Thus, source-resolved auditory deviance response measures including MMN may be highly sensitive to SZ clinical, cognitive, and functional characteristics. Six source clusters contributing to the triphasic auditory deviance response were identified. Source resolved responses are sensitive to SZ clinical, cognitive, and function characteristics. Source resolved responses accounted for up to half the variance in cognitive and symptom scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Rissling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA ; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan
| | - Catherine A Sugar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Biostatistics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA ; VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David L Braff
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Scott Makeig
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A Light
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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21
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Pakarinen S, Sokka L, Leinikka M, Henelius A, Korpela J, Huotilainen M. Fast determination of MMN and P3a responses to linguistically and emotionally relevant changes in pseudoword stimuli. Neurosci Lett 2014; 577:28-33. [PMID: 24928223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We developed a new multi-feature mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm with two improvements: Firstly, the standard tone, a pseudoword /ta-ta/ was presented with equal probability to the nine linguistically relevant deviants, reducing the recording time by 45%. Secondly, three rare, emotionally valenced stimuli: happy, angry, and sad utterances of the standard pseudoword were included in the sequence. MMN signals reflecting the perceptual properties of the sounds were observed for all stimuli. In addition, P3a signals were observed for the rare emotionally uttered pseudowords. This 28-min paradigm allows a multi-dimensional evaluation of central speech-sound representations (MMN), and attention allocation (P3a) to emotional information content of speech. We recommend this paradigm for studies on subject groups with impairments in language or emotional information processing, such as autism spectrum disorders, attention disorders, and alexithymia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Pakarinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Laura Sokka
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Jussi Korpela
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
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22
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Hirose Y, Hara K, Miyajima M, Matsuda A, Maehara T, Hara M, Matsushima E, Ohta K, Matsuura M. Changes in the duration and frequency of deviant stimuli engender different mismatch negativity patterns in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 31:136-42. [PMID: 24412859 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an event-related potential (ERP) component that reflects preattentive sensory memory functions. Previous research revealed that MMN is generated by distinct sources in the frontal and temporal lobes. Event-related potential abnormalities have been shown in the vicinity of seizure foci in epilepsy. Additionally, no published study has investigated the MMN in response to variations in both frequency and duration deviants in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The aims of this study were to compare MMN changes between the frontocentral sites and the mastoid sites and to compare MMNs related to deviant stimuli with different durations and frequencies in patients with TLE. We recorded MMNs elicited by duration and frequency changes of deviant stimuli from 15 patients with TLE and 15 healthy control subjects. We found that mean MMN amplitudes related to duration deviants were lower in patients with TLE at the mastoid sites relative to controls, whereas the MMN amplitudes at the frontocentral sites did not differ between the two groups. There were no MMN differences related to frequency deviants between TLE subjects and controls at the frontocentral sites or the mastoid sites. Mismatch negativity parameters related to duration deviants did not correlate with those related to deviant frequencies in the group with TLE. The present findings suggest selective impairments among multiple mismatch generators in TLE and suggest that processing of temporal information of auditory stimuli is selectively disturbed in TLE. Changes in MMN amplitudes related to duration deviants at the mastoid sites may represent deficits in time-dependent processing in TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Hirose
- Department of Life Sciences and Bio-informatics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Keiko Hara
- Department of Life Sciences and Bio-informatics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Hara Clinic, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Miho Miyajima
- Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayasa Matsuda
- Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Maehara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Eisuke Matsushima
- Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuya Ohta
- Department of Life Sciences and Bio-informatics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Onda-Daini Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masato Matsuura
- Department of Life Sciences and Bio-informatics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Shiramatsu TI, Kanzaki R, Takahashi H. Cortical mapping of mismatch negativity with deviance detection property in rat. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82663. [PMID: 24349330 PMCID: PMC3861386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mismatch Negativity (MMN) is an N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA)-mediated, negative deflection in human auditory evoked potentials in response to a cognitively discriminable change. MMN-like responses have been extensively investigated in animal models, but the existence of MMN equivalent is still controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate how closely the putative MMN (MMNp) in rats exhibited the comparable properties of human MMN. We used a surface microelectrode array with a grid of 10×7 recording sites within an area of 4.5×3.0 mm to densely map evoked potentials in the auditory cortex of anesthetized rats under the oddball paradigm. Firstly, like human MMN, deviant stimuli elicited negative deflections in auditory evoked potentials following the positive middle-latency response, termed P1. Secondly, MMNp exhibited deviance-detecting property, which could not be explained by simple stimulus specific adaptation (SSA). Thirdly, this MMNp occurred focally in the auditory cortex, including both the core and belt regions, while P1 activation focus was obtained in the core region, indicating that both P1 and MMNp are generated in the auditory cortex, yet the sources of these signals do not completely overlap. Fourthly, MMNp significantly decreased after the application of AP5 (D-(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid), an antagonist at NMDA receptors. In stark contrast, AP5 affected neither P1 amplitude nor SSA of P1. These results provide compelling evidence that the MMNp we have examined in rats is functionally comparable to human MMN. The present work will stimulate translational research into MMN, which may help bridge the gap between electroencephalography (EEG)/magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies in humans and electrophysiological studies in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyo Isoguchi Shiramatsu
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kanzaki
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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24
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Fast parametric evaluation of central speech-sound processing with mismatch negativity (MMN). Int J Psychophysiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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The mismatch negativity (MMN)--a unique window to disturbed central auditory processing in ageing and different clinical conditions. Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 123:424-58. [PMID: 22169062 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we review clinical research using the mismatch negativity (MMN), a change-detection response of the brain elicited even in the absence of attention or behavioural task. In these studies, the MMN was usually elicited by employing occasional frequency, duration or speech-sound changes in repetitive background stimulation while the patient was reading or watching videos. It was found that in a large number of different neuropsychiatric, neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as in normal ageing, the MMN amplitude was attenuated and peak latency prolonged. Besides indexing decreased discrimination accuracy, these effects may also reflect, depending on the specific stimulus paradigm used, decreased sensory-memory duration, abnormal perception or attention control or, most importantly, cognitive decline. In fact, MMN deficiency appears to index cognitive decline irrespective of the specific symptomatologies and aetiologies of the different disorders involved.
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Ortiz-Mantilla S, Hämäläinen JA, Benasich AA. Time course of ERP generators to syllables in infants: a source localization study using age-appropriate brain templates. Neuroimage 2011; 59:3275-87. [PMID: 22155379 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) have become an important tool in the quest to understand how infants process perceptual information. Identification of the activation loci of the ERP generators is a technique that provides an opportunity to explore the neural substrates that underlie auditory processing. Nevertheless, as infant brain templates from healthy, non-clinical samples have not been available, the majority of source localization studies in infants have used non-realistic head models, or brain templates derived from older children or adults. Given the dramatic structural changes seen across infancy, all of which profoundly affect the electrical fields measured with EEG, it is important to use individual MRIs or age-appropriate brain templates and parameters to explore the localization and time course of auditory ERP sources. In this study 6-month-old infants were presented with a passive oddball paradigm using consonant-vowel (CV) syllables that differed in voice onset time. Dense-array EEG/ERPs were collected while the infants were awake and alert. In addition, MRIs were acquired during natural non-sedated sleep for a subset of the sample. Discrete dipole and distributed source models were mapped onto individual and averaged infant MRIs. The CV syllables elicited a positive deflection at about 200 ms followed by a negative deflection that peaked around 400 ms. The source models generated placed the dipoles at temporal areas close to auditory cortex for both positive and negative responses. Notably, an additional dipole for the positive peak was localized at the frontal area, at the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) level. ACC activation has been reported in adults, but has not, to date, been reported in infants during processing of speech-related signals. The frontal ACC activation was earlier but smaller in amplitude than the left and right auditory temporal activations. These results demonstrate that in infancy the ERP generators to CV syllables are localized in cortical areas similar to that reported in adults, but exhibit a notably different temporal course. Specifically, ACC activation in infants significantly precedes auditory temporal activation, whereas in adults ACC activation follows that of temporal cortex. We suggest that these timing differences could be related to current maturational changes, to the ongoing construction of language-specific phonetic maps, and/or to more sensitive attentional switching as a response to speech signals in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ortiz-Mantilla
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 197 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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Todd J, Michie PT, Schall U, Ward PB, Catts SV. Mismatch negativity (MMN) reduction in schizophrenia-impaired prediction--error generation, estimation or salience? Int J Psychophysiol 2011; 83:222-31. [PMID: 22020271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The model of mismatch negativity (MMN) as a simple index of change detection has been superseded by a richer understanding of how this event-related potential (ERP) reflects the representation of the sound environment in the brain. Our conceptualization of why the MMN is altered in certain groups must also evolve along with a better understanding of the activities reflected by this component. The detection of change incorporates processes enabling an automatic registration of "sameness", a memory for such regularities and the application of this recent acoustic context to interpreting the present and future state of the environment. It also includes "weighting" the importance of this change to an organism's behaviour. In this light, the MMN has been considered a prediction error signal that occurs when the brain detects that the present state of the world violates a context-driven expectation about the environment. In this paper we revisit the consistent observation of reduced MMN amplitude in patients with schizophrenia. We review existing data to address whether the apparent deficit might reflect problems in prediction error generation, estimation or salience. Possible interpretations of MMN studies in schizophrenia are linked to dominant theories about the neurobiology of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanita Todd
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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Paukkunen AKO, Leminen M, Sepponen R. The effect of measurement error on the test-retest reliability of repeated mismatch negativity measurements. Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 122:2195-202. [PMID: 21570906 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to study how the measurement error affects the repeatability of mismatch negativity (MMN) measurements. METHODS Event-related potentials (ERPs) to changes in sound frequency, location, intensity, duration, and composition were recorded five times during 1-3 weeks from 13 healthy adults using a multi-feature MMN paradigm. The accumulation of MMN was modeled empirically with respect to measurement error, and repeatability was estimated at 0.6-3.5-μV error levels. The analysis was made for the results in the single deviant conditions and their pattern (auditory discrimination profile). RESULTS At the single-subject level, the measurement error significantly affected the repeatability until it went below 9-17% of MMN peak amplitude. At the group level, the threshold was higher. Peak amplitude was generally the most repeatable parameter. Latency was superior when the error was moderate or small (<2-3 μV). CONCLUSIONS The measurement error affects the repeatability of MMN. In single-subject studies, it should not be neglected if it exceeds 10% of the MMN amplitude. The application of the auditory discrimination profile is recommended for future applications. SIGNIFICANCE The study provided quantitative results to support the discussion on improving the repeatability of the MMN measurements. They are expected to apply conditionally to other ERP measurements, too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti K O Paukkunen
- Electronics Department, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
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Trainor LJ, Lee K, Bosnyak DJ. Cortical plasticity in 4-month-old infants: specific effects of experience with musical timbres. Brain Topogr 2011; 24:192-203. [PMID: 21445665 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-011-0177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Animal models suggest that the brain is particularly neuroplastic early in development, but previous studies have not systematically controlled the auditory environment in human infants and observed the effects on auditory cortical representations. We exposed 4-month-old infants to melodies in either guitar or marimba timbre (infants were randomly assigned to exposure group) for a total of ~160 min over the course of a week, after which we measured electroencephalogram (EEG) responses to guitar and marimba tones at pitches not previously heard during the exposure phase. A frontally negative response with a topography consistent with generation in auditory areas, peaking around 450 ms, was significantly larger for guitar than marimba tones in the guitar-exposed group but significantly larger for marimba than guitar tones in the marimba-exposed group. This indicates that experience with tones in a particular timbre affects representations for that timbre, and that this effect generalizes to tones not previously experienced during exposure. Furthermore, mismatch responses to occasional small 3% changes in pitch were larger for tones in guitar than marimba timbre only for infants exposed to guitar tones. Together these results indicate that a relatively small amount of passive exposure to a particular timbre in infancy enhances representations of that timbre and leads to more precise pitch processing for that timbre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel J Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Horton J, Millar A, Labelle A, Knott VJ. MMN responsivity to manipulations of frequency and duration deviants in chronic, clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Res 2011; 126:202-11. [PMID: 21194893 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2010.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Event-related potential (ERP) probing of abnormal sensory processes in schizophrenia with the mismatch negativity (MMN) has shown impairments in auditory change detection, but knowledge of the acoustic features leading to this deficit is incomplete. Changes in the duration and frequency properties of sound stimuli result in diminished MMNs in schizophrenia but it is unclear as to whether this reduced responsiveness is seen with more subtle changes in sound frequency. In a sample of 19 healthy controls and 21 patients with chronic schizophrenia treated with clozapine, MMN was assessed in response to tone frequency changes of 5%, 10% and 20%, and to tone duration changes. Patients exhibited reduced amplitudes and shorter latencies than controls to all frequency changes, and attenuated amplitudes to tone duration increments and decrements. Clozapine dose was related to MMN, with increasing dose being positively associated with frequency-MMN amplitudes (10% ∆f, 20% ∆f) and negatively associated with the amplitude and latency of duration-MMNs. These data support the well-established findings of auditory sensory abnormality in schizophrenia and underscore the sensitivity of MMN to relatively small auditory change detection deficits that may appear to characterize chronic schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemeen Horton
- Geriatrics/Integrated Forensic Program, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Z 7K4
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Hämäläinen JA, Ortiz-Mantilla S, Benasich AA. Source localization of event-related potentials to pitch change mapped onto age-appropriate MRIs at 6 months of age. Neuroimage 2010; 54:1910-8. [PMID: 20951812 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) have been used to understand how the brain processes auditory input, and to track developmental change in sensory systems. Localizing ERP generators can provide invaluable insights into how and where auditory information is processed. However, age-appropriate infant brain templates have not been available to aid such developmental mapping. In this study, auditory change detection responses of brain ERPs were examined in 6-month-old infants using discrete and distributed source localization methods mapped onto age-appropriate magnetic resonance images. Infants received a passive oddball paradigm using fast-rate non-linguistic auditory stimuli (tone doublets) with the deviant incorporating a pitch change for the second tone. Data was processed using two different high-pass filters. When a 0.5 Hz filter was used, the response to the pitch change was a large frontocentral positive component. When a 3 Hz filter was applied, two temporally consecutive components associated with change detection were seen: one with negative voltage, and another with positive voltage over frontocentral areas. Both components were localized close to the auditory cortex with an additional source near to the anterior cingulate cortex. The sources for the negative response had a more tangential orientation relative to the supratemporal plane compared to the positive response, which showed a more lateral, oblique orientation. The results described here suggest that at 6 months of age infants generate similar response patterns and use analogous cortical areas to that of adults to detect changes in the auditory environment. Moreover, the source locations and orientations, together with waveform topography and morphology provide evidence in infants for feature-specific change detection followed by involuntary switching of attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarmo A Hämäläinen
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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Abstract
CONTEXT Patients with schizophrenia have a high rate of cigarette smoking and also exhibit profound deficits in sensory processing, which may in part be ameliorated by the acute actions of smoke-inhaled nicotine. The mismatch negativity (MMN), a preattentive event-related potential index of auditory sensory memory, is diminished in schizophrenia. The MMN is increased in healthy controls with acute nicotine. OBJECTIVE To utilize the MMN to compare auditory sensory memory in minimally tobacco-deprived (3 hours) patients and matched tobacco-deprived smoking controls and to assess the effects of acute nicotine on MMN-indexed sensory memory processing in the patients. DESIGN Event-related potentials were recorded in 2 auditory oddball paradigms, one involving tone frequency changes (frequency MMN) and one involving tone duration changes (duration MMN). Controls were assessed once under nontreatment conditions, and patients were assessed twice under randomized double-blind treatment conditions involving placebo and nicotine (8 mg) gum. SETTING Outpatient mental health center. PATIENTS Twelve smokers with schizophrenia and twelve control smokers. RESULTS Compared with the controls, the patients showed reduced frequency-MMN (P < 0.001) and duration-MMN (P < 0.04) amplitudes. In addition to prolonging peak latency in duration MMN (P < 0.01), nicotine, relative to placebo, increased the amplitude of the patients' duration MMN (P < 0.01), but not their frequency MMN, to a level comparable with that seen in the controls. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary findings demonstrate for the first time that acute nicotine can normalize temporal aspects of sensory memory processing in patients with schizophrenia, an effect that may be mediated by activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, the function of which is diminished in schizophrenia. These ameliorating actions of nicotine may have implications for understanding the close relationship between tobacco smoking and schizophrenia and for developing nicotinic pharmacotherapies to alleviate sensory memory impairments in schizophrenia.
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Näätänen R, Kujala T, Winkler I. Auditory processing that leads to conscious perception: A unique window to central auditory processing opened by the mismatch negativity and related responses. Psychophysiology 2010; 48:4-22. [PMID: 20880261 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2010.01114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Risto Näätänen
- Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
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Paukkunen AKO, Leminen MM, Sepponen R. Development of a method to compensate for signal quality variations in repeated auditory event-related potential recordings. FRONTIERS IN NEUROENGINEERING 2010; 3:2. [PMID: 20407635 PMCID: PMC2856627 DOI: 10.3389/fneng.2010.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Reliable measurements are mandatory in clinically relevant auditory event-related potential (AERP)-based tools and applications. The comparability of the results gets worse as a result of variations in the remaining measurement error. A potential method is studied that allows optimization of the length of the recording session according to the concurrent quality of the recorded data. In this way, the sufficiency of the trials can be better guaranteed, which enables control of the remaining measurement error. The suggested method is based on monitoring the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and remaining measurement error which are compared to predefined threshold values. The SNR test is well defined, but the criterion for the measurement error test still requires further empirical testing in practice. According to the results, the reproducibility of average AERPs in repeated experiments is improved in comparison to a case where the number of recorded trials is constant. The test-retest reliability is not significantly changed on average but the between-subject variation in the value is reduced by 33–35%. The optimization of the number of trials also prevents excessive recordings which might be of practical interest especially in the clinical context. The efficiency of the method may be further increased by implementing online tools that improve data consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti K O Paukkunen
- Applied Electronics Unit, Department of Electronics, Helsinki University of Technology Espoo, Finland
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35
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May PJC, Tiitinen H. Mismatch negativity (MMN), the deviance-elicited auditory deflection, explained. Psychophysiology 2010; 47:66-122. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00856.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Devrim-Uçok M, Keskin-Ergen HY, Uçok A. Mismatch negativity at acute and post-acute phases of first-episode schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008; 258:179-85. [PMID: 18000635 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-007-0772-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2006] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the mismatch negativity (MMN) in patients with first-episode schizophrenia at acute and post-acute phases in order to determine the contribution of trait and/or state features to MMN disturbances in schizophrenia. Subject groups comprised 30 patients with first-episode schizophrenia at the acute phase and 34 healthy controls. Ten patients were neuroleptic-naive during testing at the acute phase. Twenty-one patients were retested at the post-acute phase when their symptoms improved. All patients were taking antipsychotic medication at the post-acute retest session. MMN amplitude of the patients at acute phase did not differ from controls. However, MMN amplitude at post-acute phase was reduced compared to both controls and acute phase. Similar results were obtained when the analyses were confined to neuroleptic-naive patients. The sensory memory functions indexed by MMN seem to be unaffected at the onset of schizophrenia but deteriorated during the post-acute illness phase. MMN reduction at the post-acute phase might be emerged from antipsychotic medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Müge Devrim-Uçok
- Department of Physiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Capa-Istanbul, Turkey.
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Leung S, Croft RJ, Baldeweg T, Nathan PJ. Acute dopamine D(1) and D(2) receptor stimulation does not modulate mismatch negativity (MMN) in healthy human subjects. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2007; 194:443-51. [PMID: 17611739 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-007-0865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2007] [Accepted: 06/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Schizophrenia is commonly associated with an impairment in pre-attentive change detection, as represented by reduced mismatch negativity (MMN), an auditory event related potential. While the neurochemical basis of MMN has been linked to the integrity of the glutamatergic system involving N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, the role of the dopaminergic system and in particular, the role of D(1) and D(2) receptors on MMN is yet to be determined. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present project was to investigate the acute effects of dopamine D(2) (bromocriptine) and D(1)/D(2) (pergolide) receptor stimulation on the human MMN in healthy subjects. METHODS Fifteen healthy male subjects participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design in which each subject was tested under three acute treatment conditions separated by a 1-week wash out period; placebo, bromocriptine (2.5 mg) and pergolide (0.1 mg). The subjects were exposed to a duration-MMN paradigm with 50 ms standard tones (91%) and 100 ms deviant tones (9%). RESULTS The results showed that neither D(2) receptor stimulation with bromocriptine, nor simultaneous D(1) and D(2) receptor stimulation with pergolide, modulated MMN. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that acute D(1) and D(2) receptor stimulation does not modulate MMN. While the role of dopamine cannot be completely ruled out, the findings support the view that the aberrant MMN reported in schizophrenia may be linked primarily to glutamate dysfunction involving NMDA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumie Leung
- Biological Psychiatry Research Unit, Brain Sciences Institute, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
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38
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The mismatch negativity (MMN) in basic research of central auditory processing: a review. Clin Neurophysiol 2007; 118:2544-90. [PMID: 17931964 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2007.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1703] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2006] [Revised: 04/18/2007] [Accepted: 04/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present article, the basic research using the mismatch negativity (MMN) and analogous results obtained by using the magnetoencephalography (MEG) and other brain-imaging technologies is reviewed. This response is elicited by any discriminable change in auditory stimulation but recent studies extended the notion of the MMN even to higher-order cognitive processes such as those involving grammar and semantic meaning. Moreover, MMN data also show the presence of automatic intelligent processes such as stimulus anticipation at the level of auditory cortex. In addition, the MMN enables one to establish the brain processes underlying the initiation of attention switch to, conscious perception of, sound change in an unattended stimulus stream.
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Kujala T, Tervaniemi M, Schröger E. The mismatch negativity in cognitive and clinical neuroscience: Theoretical and methodological considerations. Biol Psychol 2007; 74:1-19. [PMID: 16844278 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2006.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2005] [Revised: 05/12/2006] [Accepted: 06/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the event-related brain potentials has become popular in cognitive and clinical brain research during the recent years. It is an early response to a violation of an auditory rule such as an infrequent change in the physical feature of a repetitive sound. There is a lot of evidence on the association of the MMN parameters and behavioral discrimination ability, although this relationship is not always straight-forward. Since the MMN reflects sound discrimination accuracy, it can be used for probing how well different groups of individuals perceive sound differences, and how training or remediation affects this ability. In the present review, we first introduce some of the essential MMN findings in probing sound discrimination, memory, and their deficits. Thereafter, issues which need to be taken into account in MMN investigations as well as new improved recording paradigms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teija Kujala
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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40
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Abstract
The mismatch negativity (MMN) is an event-related brain potential elicited by the occurrence of a rare event (deviance) in an otherwise regular acoustic environment, and is assumed to reflect a preattentive mechanism for change detection. A widely adopted model holds that MMN has main generators in the superior temporal planes bilaterally, which are responsible for the sensory memory part of change detection, as well as frontal lobe sources responsible for triggering an attention shift upon change detection. Whereas the temporal sources have been documented in numerous studies across species and methodologies, much less is known about the frontal sources. The present review examines the current state of the evidence for their existence, location, and possible function. It confirms that the frontal generator is still a less consistent finding in MMN research than the temporal generator. There is clear evidence from scalp EEG and, especially, current source density studies for the existence of an MMN generator that is functionally distinct from the main supratemporal generator of the MMN. Evidence from fMRI, PET, optical imaging, EEG source imaging, and lesion studies implicates mainly the inferior frontal and possibly also the medial frontal cortex. However, these results should be taken with caution because of the paucity of support from more direct measures like intracranial recordings and MEG, and the negative findings from several fMRI and PET, as well as EEG source imaging studies. Recent studies also raise questions about the exact role of the frontal generator in triggering an attention shift. Delineating the exact cortical locations of frontal MMN generators, the conditions under which they are activated and, consequently, their function, remains an acute challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Y. Deouell
- Department of Psychology and the Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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Caclin A, Giard MH, Smith BK, McAdams S. Interactive processing of timbre dimensions: a Garner interference study. Brain Res 2006; 1138:159-70. [PMID: 17261274 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2006] [Revised: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Timbre characterizes the identity of a sound source. Psychoacoustic studies have revealed that timbre is a multidimensional perceptual attribute with multiple underlying acoustic dimensions of both temporal and spectral types. Here we investigated the relations among the processing of three major timbre dimensions characterized acoustically by attack time, spectral centroid, and spectrum fine structure. All three pairs of these dimensions exhibited Garner interference: speeded categorization along one timbre dimension was affected by task-irrelevant variations along another timbre dimension. We also observed congruency effects: certain pairings of values along two different dimensions were categorized more rapidly than others. The exact profile of interactions varied across the three pairs of dimensions tested. The results are interpreted within the frame of a model postulating separate channels of processing for auditory attributes (pitch, loudness, timbre dimensions, etc.) with crosstalk between channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Caclin
- Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique, STMS-IRCAM-CNRS, Paris, F-75004, France.
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42
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Caclin A, Brattico E, Tervaniemi M, Näätänen R, Morlet D, Giard MH, McAdams S. Separate Neural Processing of Timbre Dimensions in Auditory Sensory Memory. J Cogn Neurosci 2006; 18:1959-72. [PMID: 17129184 DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2006.18.12.1959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Timbre is a multidimensional perceptual attribute of complex tones that characterizes the identity of a sound source. Our study explores the representation in auditory sensory memory of three timbre dimensions (acoustically related to attack time, spectral centroid, and spectrum fine structure), using the mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the auditory event-related potential. MMN is elicited by a discriminable change in a sound sequence and reflects the detection of the discrepancy between the current stimulus and traces in auditory sensory memory. The stimuli used in the present study were carefully controlled synthetic tones. MMNs were recorded after changes along each of the three timbre dimensions and their combinations. Additivity of unidimensional MMNs and dipole modeling results suggest partially separate MMN generators for different timbre dimensions, reflecting their mainly separate processing in auditory sensory memory. The results expand to timbre dimensions a property of separation of the representation in sensory memory that has already been reported between basic perceptual attributes (pitch, loudness, duration, and location) of sound sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Caclin
- Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (STMS-IRCAM-CNRS), Paris, France.
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43
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Sysoeva O, Takegata R, Näätänen R. Pre-attentive representation of sound duration in the human brain. Psychophysiology 2006; 43:272-6. [PMID: 16805865 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2006.00397.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies using a brain index for pre-attentive change detection, the mismatch negativity (MMN), suggested distinct neuronal populations for signaling changes in sound duration and frequency. However, these studies used only durations within the temporal window of loudness summation (ca. 200 ms) in which any duration change is accompanied by a loudness change. Hence, the present study employed stimulus durations both beyond and within this temporal window in order to examine the genuine duration representation in the brain. Magnetic mismatch responses (MMNm) for duration and frequency changes were compared with each other. The equivalent current dipole (ECD) of the duration MMNm was located in the auditory cortex slightly posterior to that for the frequency MMNm irrespective of stimulus duration. The results suggested separate memory representations for sound duration and frequency in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sysoeva
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Kudo N, Kasai K, Itoh K, Koshida I, Yumoto M, Kato M, Kamio S, Araki T, Nakagome K, Fukuda M, Yamasue H, Yamada H, Abe O, Kato N, Iwanami A. Comparison between mismatch negativity amplitude and magnetic mismatch field strength in normal adults. Biol Psychol 2006; 71:54-62. [PMID: 16360881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2003] [Accepted: 01/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) or its magnetic counterpart (magnetic mismatch field, MMF) has been widely used to assess the ability of stimulus-driven change detection process in humans. The authors evaluated the similarity of inter-individual variation of the response strength between MMN and MMF recordings. Three types of MMN or MMF were recorded in ten healthy subjects: change in duration of pure-tone stimuli, change in duration of the Japanese vowel /a/, and difference between the Japanese vowels /a/ and /o/. There was no significant correlation between MMN amplitude and MMF strength under any condition and in either hemisphere. These results suggest that widely used indices of MMN in the two technologies, i.e., EEG-amplitude and MEG-ECD may not be proportional in an individual. To further clarify the differential significance of recording MMN/MMF may be important to establish MMN/MMF as clinical indices of individual ability of preattentive stage of auditory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kudo
- Department of Cognitive and Information Sciences, Graduate School of Humanities, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Tervaniemi M, Sinkkonen J, Virtanen J, Kallio J, Ilmoniemi RJ, Salonen O, Näätänen R. Test–retest stability of the magnetic mismatch response (MMNm). Clin Neurophysiol 2005; 116:1897-905. [PMID: 15990358 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2005.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2003] [Revised: 02/18/2005] [Accepted: 03/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the replicability of the magnetically measured mismatch negativity (MMNm). METHODS The MMNm was recorded twice by using a 122-channel whole-head magnetometer in 15 healthy young adults. The MMNm responses for duration, intensity and frequency deviants were analyzed separately in left and right hemispheres for the response strength, latency, dipole moment, and generator loci. RESULTS In the right hemisphere, the test-retest correlations were statistically significant for all MMNm parameters (r = 0.49-0.89). In the left hemisphere, the majority of the MMNm parameters also demonstrated statistically significant test-retest correlations (r = 0.61-0.82). In addition, the MMNm generator loci were stable for all deviants. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE The present results are encouraging in terms of both research and clinical use of MMNm in studying human auditory discrimination in its normal and deteriorated states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Tervaniemi
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 9, Finland.
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Näätänen R, Jacobsen T, Winkler I. Memory-based or afferent processes in mismatch negativity (MMN): a review of the evidence. Psychophysiology 2005; 42:25-32. [PMID: 15720578 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00256.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mismatch negativity (MMN) is an electromagnetic response to any discriminable change in regular auditory input. This response is usually interpreted as being generated by an automatic cortical change-detection process in which a difference is found between the current input and the representation of the regular aspects of the preceding auditory input. Recently, this interpretation was questioned by Jääskeläinen et al. (2004) who proposed that the MMN is a product of an N1 (N1a) difference wave emerging in the subtraction procedure used to visualize and quantify the MMN. We now evaluate this "adaptation hypothesis" of the MMN in the light of the available data. It is shown that the MMN cannot be accounted for by differential activation of the afferent N1 transient detectors by repetitive ("standard") stimuli and deviant ("novel") stimuli and that the presence of a memory representation of the standard is required for the elicitation of MMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risto Näätänen
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Knösche TR, Maess B, Nakamura A, Friederici AD. Human communication investigated with magnetoencephalography: speech, music, and gestures. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2005; 68:79-120. [PMID: 16443011 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(05)68004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Knösche
- Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Molholm S, Martinez A, Ritter W, Javitt DC, Foxe JJ. The Neural Circuitry of Pre-attentive Auditory Change-detection: An fMRI Study of Pitch and Duration Mismatch Negativity generators. Cereb Cortex 2004; 15:545-51. [PMID: 15342438 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhh155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophysiological studies have revealed a pre-attentive change-detection system in the auditory modality. This system emits a signal termed the mismatch negativity (MMN) when any detectable change in a regular pattern of auditory stimulation occurs. The precise intracranial sources underlying MMN generation, and in particular whether these vary as a function of the acoustic feature that changes, is a matter of some debate. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we show that anatomically distinct networks of auditory cortices are activated as a function of the deviating acoustic feature--in this case, tone frequency and tone duration--strongly supporting the hypothesis that MMN generators in auditory cortex are feature dependent. We also detail regions of the frontal and parietal cortices activated by change-detection processes. These regions also show feature dependence and we hypothesize that they reflect recruitment of attention-switching mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Molholm
- The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.
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Trainor L, McFadden M, Hodgson L, Darragh L, Barlow J, Matsos L, Sonnadara R. Changes in auditory cortex and the development of mismatch negativity between 2 and 6 months of age. Int J Psychophysiol 2004; 51:5-15. [PMID: 14629918 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8760(03)00148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Evoked responses to stimulus deviance were compared in infants between 2 and 6 months of age. A deviant stimulus containing a short silent gap occasionally replaced a repeating standard stimulus matched in duration, intensity and approximate spectral content. At two months, the standard stimuli evoked only a positive slow wave, and its amplitude was increased in response to the deviant stimuli. By 6 months, the deviant stimuli evoked an increased negativity at approximately 200 ms, similar to the mismatch negativity (MMN) response in adults. The results are considered with respect to layer-specific cortical maturation during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel Trainor
- Department of Psychology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada ON L8S 4B2.
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Braff DL, Light GA. Preattentional and attentional cognitive deficits as targets for treating schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2004; 174:75-85. [PMID: 15118804 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-004-1848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2003] [Accepted: 01/24/2004] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE Pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia has traditionally targeted positive psychotic symptoms. An emerging view is that developing medications that improve cognition in schizophrenia patients is a major step forward in achieving better functional outcome. The cognitive deficits that are often observed in schizophrenia can be assessed using (1) neuropsychological tests; and (2) neurophysiological tests, the topic of this article. These neurophysiological measures cover a spectrum from automatic preattentional to attention-dependent processes. OBJECTIVES This article focuses on cognitive deficits that appear to be promising targets for a new "third generation" of medications that may be used to treat schizophrenia and other patients with specific deficits in cognition and functioning. We discuss the possible use of the following six measures of preattentional and attention-dependent cognitive deficits: mismatch negativity, P50 event-related potential suppression, prepulse inhibition of the startle response, P300 event-related potential, continuous performance task performance, and oculomotor antisaccade performance. CONCLUSIONS The use of preattentional and attention-dependent measures offer unique opportunities to improve our armamentarium of pharmacologic strategies for the treatment of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia patients. This review illustrates the usefulness of these measures as targets for existing and new antipsychotic medications that will potentially (1) characterize the cognitive deficits that occur in schizophrenia patients and (2) assess medication-related improvement on these measures and the potential associated improvement in functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Center, University of California, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103-8816, USA.
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