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Choi E, Mun GI, Lee J, Lee H, Cho J, Lee YS. BRCA1 deficiency in triple-negative breast cancer: Protein stability as a basis for therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114090. [PMID: 36493696 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in breast cancer-associated 1 (BRCA1) increase the lifetime risk of developing breast cancer by up to 51% over the risk of the general population. Many aspects of this multifunctional protein have been revealed, including its essential role in homologous recombination repair, E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, transcriptional regulation, and apoptosis. Although most studies have focused on BRCA1 deficiency due to mutations, only a minority of patients carry BRCA1 mutations. A recent study has suggested an expanded definition of BRCA1 deficiency with reduced BRCA1 levels, which accounts for almost half of all triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Reduced BRCA1 levels can result from epigenetic modifications or increased proteasomal degradation. In this review, we discuss how this knowledge of BRCA1 function and regulation of BRCA1 protein stability can help overcome the challenges encountered in the clinic and advance current treatment strategies for BRCA1-related breast cancer patients, especially focusing on TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Choi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Im Mun
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyun Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhee Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Sadeghi F, Asgari M, Matloubi M, Ranjbar M, Karkhaneh Yousefi N, Azari T, Zaki-Dizaji M. Molecular contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 to genome instability in breast cancer patients: review of radiosensitivity assays. Biol Proced Online 2020; 22:23. [PMID: 33013205 PMCID: PMC7528506 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-020-00133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA repair pathways, cell cycle arrest checkpoints, and cell death induction are present in cells to process DNA damage and prevent genomic instability caused by various extrinsic and intrinsic ionizing factors. Mutations in the genes involved in these pathways enhances the ionizing radiation sensitivity, reduces the individual's capacity to repair DNA damages, and subsequently increases susceptibility to tumorigenesis. BODY BRCA1 and BRCA2 are two highly penetrant genes involved in the inherited breast cancer and contribute to different DNA damage pathways and cell cycle and apoptosis cascades. Mutations in these genes have been associated with hypersensitivity and genetic instability as well as manifesting severe radiotherapy complications in breast cancer patients. The genomic instability and DNA repair capacity of breast cancer patients with BRCA1/2 mutations have been analyzed in different studies using a variety of assays, including micronucleus assay, comet assay, chromosomal assay, colony-forming assay, γ -H2AX and 53BP1 biomarkers, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The majority of studies confirmed the enhanced spontaneous & radiation-induced radiosensitivity of breast cancer patients compared to healthy controls. Using G2 micronucleus assay and G2 chromosomal assay, most studies have reported the lymphocyte of healthy carriers with BRCA1 mutation are hypersensitive to invitro ionizing radiation compared to non-carriers without a history of breast cancer. However, it seems this approach is not likely to be useful to distinguish the BRCA carriers from non-carrier with familial history of breast cancer. CONCLUSION In overall, breast cancer patients are more radiosensitive compared to healthy control; however, inconsistent results exist about the ability of current radiosensitive techniques in screening BRCA1/2 carriers or those susceptible to radiotherapy complications. Therefore, developing further radiosensitivity assay is still warranted to evaluate the DNA repair capacity of individuals with BRCA1/2 mutations and serve as a predictive factor for increased risk of cancer mainly in the relatives of breast cancer patients. Moreover, it can provide more evidence about who is susceptible to manifest severe complication after radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadeghi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Digestive Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Asgari
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Matloubi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maral Ranjbar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Karkhaneh Yousefi
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Azari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Zaki-Dizaji
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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BRCA-1 depletion impairs pro-inflammatory polarization and activation of RAW 264.7 macrophages in a NF-κB-dependent mechanism. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 462:11-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Interleukin-2 Concentrations in Newly Diagnosed ERBB2 (HER2/neu) Positive Breast Cancer Patients. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 24:142-6. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080902400303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim Cytokines have been associated with symptoms and adverse outcomes in breast cancer. Overexpression of ERBB2 (c-erb-b2; formerly HER2/neu), which is a member of the epidermal growth receptor family, is associated with involvement of lymph nodes, large tumor size, high grade, steroid receptor negativity, aneuploidy, high proliferation rate, and low overall survival in breast cancer. The aim of the study was to examine whether ERBB2 amplification has any effect on circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in breast cancer patients. Material and methods Fifty patients with primary breast carcinoma, classified as either ERBB2 (+) or (-) by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique, were included in the study. Cytokines were studied by ELISA according to the procedure described in the commercial kit. Results IL-2 levels were found significantly higher in ERBB2+ patients than in controls (p<0.05). A significant negative correlation existed between ERBB2 positivity and estrogen receptor status (p=0.004). Plasma TNF-α and IL-2 levels were positively correlated in ERBB2+ breast cancer patients (p<0.01). Conclusion The increase in IL-2 concentrations observed in our study suggests an activation of T cells by ERBB2 peptides.
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Takaoka M, Miki Y. BRCA1 gene: function and deficiency. Int J Clin Oncol 2017; 23:36-44. [PMID: 28884397 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-017-1182-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The BRCA1 protein, a hereditary breast and ovarian cancer-causing gene product, is known as a multifunctional protein that performs various functions in cells. It is well known, along with BRCA 2, to cause hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, but here we will specifically focus on BRCA1. We introduce the mechanism and the latest report on homologous recombination repair, replication, involvement in checkpoint regulation, transcription, chromatin remodeling, and cytoplasmic function (centrosome regulation, apoptosis, selective autophagy), and consider the possibility of carcinogenesis from inhibition of the intracellular functions in each. We also consider the possibility of drug development based on each function. Finally, we will explain, from data obtained through basic research, that an appropriate regimen is important for raising the response rate for poly (ADP)-ribose polymerase inhibitors, in the case of low susceptibility, iatrogenic toxicity, tolerance, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Takaoka
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshio Miki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan. .,Department of Genetic Diagnosis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-10-6 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
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Lin D, Chai Y, Izadpanah R, Braun SE, Alt E. NPR3 protects cardiomyocytes from apoptosis through inhibition of cytosolic BRCA1 and TNF-α. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2414-9. [PMID: 27494651 PMCID: PMC5026813 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1148843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natriuretic peptide receptor 3 (NPR3) is a clearance receptor by binding and internalizing natriuretic peptides (NPs) for ultimate degradation. Patients with cardiac failure show elevated NPs. NPs are linked to poor long-term survival because of their apoptotic effects. However, the underling mechanisms have not been identified yet. Here we report the role of NPR3 in anti-apoptosis via the breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α ). To demonstrate a role for NPR3 in apoptosis, stable H9C2 cardiomyocyte cell lines using shRNA to knockdown NPR3 were generated. The activities of caspase-3, 8, and 9 were significantly increased in NPR3 knockdown H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Knockdown of NPR3 increased the expression of BRCA1. Also NPR3 knockdown remarkably increased the activity of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), a positive regulatory element for BRCA1 expression. BRCA1 showed dispersed nuclear localization in non-cardiomyocytes while predominantly cytoplasmic localization in H9C2 cells. Meanwhile, NPR3 knockdown significantly increased TNF-α gene expression. These data show that NPR3 knockdown in H9C2 cells triggered both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. NPR3 protects cardiomyocytes from apoptosis through inhibition of cytosolic BRCA1 and TNF-α, which are regulators of apoptosis. Our studies demonstrate anti-apoptosis role of NPR3 in protecting cardiomyocytes and establish the first molecular link between NP system and programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Lin
- a Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Yubo Chai
- b Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Reza Izadpanah
- c School of Medicine Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University , New Orleans , LA , USA
| | - Stephen E Braun
- d Division of Regenerative Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University , Covington , LA , USA
| | - Eckhard Alt
- e School of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University , New Orleans , LA , USA
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Farrokhi M, Etemadifar M, Jafary Alavi MS, Zarkesh-Esfahani SH, Behjati M, Rezaei A, Amani-Beni A. TNF-alpha Production by Peripheral Blood Monocytes in Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Healthy Controls. Immunol Invest 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2015.1059851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Kidane D, Chae WJ, Czochor J, Eckert KA, Glazer PM, Bothwell ALM, Sweasy JB. Interplay between DNA repair and inflammation, and the link to cancer. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 49:116-39. [PMID: 24410153 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2013.875514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage and repair are linked to cancer. DNA damage that is induced endogenously or from exogenous sources has the potential to result in mutations and genomic instability if not properly repaired, eventually leading to cancer. Inflammation is also linked to cancer. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONs) produced by inflammatory cells at sites of infection can induce DNA damage. RONs can also amplify inflammatory responses, leading to increased DNA damage. Here, we focus on the links between DNA damage, repair, and inflammation, as they relate to cancer. We examine the interplay between chronic inflammation, DNA damage and repair and review recent findings in this rapidly emerging field, including the links between DNA damage and the innate immune system, and the roles of inflammation in altering the microbiome, which subsequently leads to the induction of DNA damage in the colon. Mouse models of defective DNA repair and inflammatory control are extensively reviewed, including treatment of mouse models with pathogens, which leads to DNA damage. The roles of microRNAs in regulating inflammation and DNA repair are discussed. Importantly, DNA repair and inflammation are linked in many important ways, and in some cases balance each other to maintain homeostasis. The failure to repair DNA damage or to control inflammatory responses has the potential to lead to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawit Kidane
- Departments of Therapeutic Radiology and Genetics
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Changes in the expression of plasma proteins associated with thrombosis in BRCA1 mutation carriers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2012; 138:867-75. [PMID: 22311183 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-012-1161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although BRCA1 gene mutations have been associated with breast cancer, BRCA1 mutations have been also involved in other functions. Thrombosis and coagulation are novel mechanisms recently associated with cancer. The aims of the present study were (a) to evaluate, using proteomics, if BRCA1 mutation carriers have a different plasma proteins expression related to thrombosis and coagulation profile than non-mutant BRCA1 women and (b) to analyze if the expression of these proteins may be different among BRCA1 mutation carriers with and without breast cancer. METHODS Proteomic study was based on 2-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The study was performed in 10 BRCA1 non-mutant controls and 21 women with BRCA1 mutations (with breast cancer (n = 8) and breast cancer-free (n = 13)), all of them free of family history or diagnosis of ovarian cancer. RESULTS Proteomic study showed that fibrinogen gamma chain isotypes 2 and 3, serotransferrin isotype 4, and convertase C3/C5 isotypes 1-5 were significantly increased in plasma from BRCA1 mutation carriers with respect to BRCA1 non-mutant controls. Plasma levels of alpha-1 antitrypsin isotypes 2-5, apolipoprotein A-IV, and vitamin D-binding protein isotypes 1 and 2 were significantly reduced in BRCA1 mutation carriers with respect to non-mutant controls. Only apolipoprotein A-IV plasma levels were significantly higher in cancer-free BRCA1 mutations carriers compared with BRCA1 mutations carriers who developed breast cancer. CONCLUSION It is suggested that independently of breast cancer generation, BRCA1-encoded gene alterations are associated with changes in the expression of circulating proteins associated with thrombosis and coagulation.
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Effects of a Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guan-Jen-Huang (Aeginetia indica Linn.), on Renal Cancer Cell Growth and Metastasis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2012:935860. [PMID: 22028734 PMCID: PMC3199064 DOI: 10.1155/2012/935860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aeginetia indica Linn. (Guan-Jen-Huang, GJH), a traditional Chinese herb, has the potential to be an immunomodulatory agent. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of GJH in the treatment of renal cancer. Concentration-effect curves for the influence of GJH on cellular proliferation showed a biphasic shape. Besides, GJH had a synergistic effect on cytotoxicity when combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)which may be due to the alternation of the chemotherapeutic agent resistance-related genes and due to the synergistic effects on apoptosis. In addition, treatment with GJH extract markedly reduced 786-O cell adherence to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and decreased 786-O cell migration and invasion. In a xenograft animal model, GJH extract had an inhibitory effect on tumor cell-induced metastasis. Moreover, western blot analysis showed that the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in 786-O cells was significantly decreased by treatment with GJH extract through inactivation of nuclear factor-κB (NF–κB). These results suggest that GJH extract has a synergistic effect on apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents and an inhibitory effect on cell adhesion, migration, and invasion, providing evidence for the use of water-based extracts of GJH as novel alternative therapeutic agents in the treatment of human renal cancer.
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Multi-organ expression profiling uncovers a gene module in coronary artery disease involving transendothelial migration of leukocytes and LIM domain binding 2: the Stockholm Atherosclerosis Gene Expression (STAGE) study. PLoS Genet 2009; 5:e1000754. [PMID: 19997623 PMCID: PMC2780352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposures filtered through the genetic make-up of each individual alter the transcriptional repertoire in organs central to metabolic homeostasis, thereby affecting arterial lipid accumulation, inflammation, and the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). The primary aim of the Stockholm Atherosclerosis Gene Expression (STAGE) study was to determine whether there are functionally associated genes (rather than individual genes) important for CAD development. To this end, two-way clustering was used on 278 transcriptional profiles of liver, skeletal muscle, and visceral fat (n = 66/tissue) and atherosclerotic and unaffected arterial wall (n = 40/tissue) isolated from CAD patients during coronary artery bypass surgery. The first step, across all mRNA signals (n = 15,042/12,621 RefSeqs/genes) in each tissue, resulted in a total of 60 tissue clusters (n = 3958 genes). In the second step (performed within tissue clusters), one atherosclerotic lesion (n = 49/48) and one visceral fat (n = 59) cluster segregated the patients into two groups that differed in the extent of coronary stenosis (P = 0.008 and P = 0.00015). The associations of these clusters with coronary atherosclerosis were validated by analyzing carotid atherosclerosis expression profiles. Remarkably, in one cluster (n = 55/54) relating to carotid stenosis (P = 0.04), 27 genes in the two clusters relating to coronary stenosis were confirmed (n = 16/17, P<10(-27 and-30)). Genes in the transendothelial migration of leukocytes (TEML) pathway were overrepresented in all three clusters, referred to as the atherosclerosis module (A-module). In a second validation step, using three independent cohorts, the A-module was found to be genetically enriched with CAD risk by 1.8-fold (P<0.004). The transcription co-factor LIM domain binding 2 (LDB2) was identified as a potential high-hierarchy regulator of the A-module, a notion supported by subnetwork analysis, by cellular and lesion expression of LDB2, and by the expression of 13 TEML genes in Ldb2-deficient arterial wall. Thus, the A-module appears to be important for atherosclerosis development and, together with LDB2, merits further attention in CAD research.
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Hermsen BBJ, Verheijen RHM, Menko FH, Gille JJP, van Uffelen K, Blankenstein MA, Meijer S, van Diest PJ, Kenemans P, von Mensdorff-Pouilly S. Humoral immune responses to MUC1 in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Eur J Cancer 2007; 43:1556-63. [PMID: 17532207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2007.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer patients with early disease and a natural humoral response to MUC1 have a favourable prognosis, suggesting a possible role of MUC1 antibodies (ab) in controlling haematogenous tumour dissemination and outgrowth. The aim of the study was to evaluate humoral immune responses to MUC1 in women at hereditary high risk of breast cancer to investigate whether this immune response could play a role in the prevention of disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS CA15.3 (U/mL), and IgG and IgM ab to MUC1 (arbitrary units per mL, Arb-U/mL) were measured in serum samples obtained from 422 women at hereditary high risk of breast/ovarian cancer, of whom 127 BRCA1/2 carriers, attending the Familial Cancer Clinic of the VU University Medical Centre, and from 370 age-matched healthy controls. Serum samples obtained from women who developed breast cancer (N=12) or breast cancer recurrence (N=17), and from women who underwent prophylactic mastectomy (N=12) and had no breast lesions were also tested. RESULTS CA15.3 ranked significantly higher in mutation carriers than in controls (P=0.03). MUC1 IgG ab levels ranked significantly lower in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers than in controls (P=0.003). MUC1 IgG levels were not significantly different (P=0.53) between women who developed primary breast cancer (median 0.72Arb-U/ml, range 0.52-2.44Arb-U/ml) and women who underwent prophylactic mastectomy and had no breast lesions (median 1.04Arb-U/ml, range 0.43-2.88Arb-U/ml). CONCLUSION Serum levels of natural IgG ab to MUC1 are lower in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers than in healthy controls. Furthermore, in contrast to previous results in women with sporadic breast cancer, no elevated MUC1 IgG ab were seen in women at hereditary high risk who developed breast cancer. Prophylactic immunotherapy with MUC1 substrates may be a strategy to reduce the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, strengthening tumour immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B J Hermsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Centre, De Boelenlaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Marucha PT, Crespin TR, Shelby RA, Andersen BL. TNF-alpha levels in cancer patients relate to social variables. Brain Behav Immun 2005; 19:521-5. [PMID: 15890493 PMCID: PMC2170527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2005.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2004] [Revised: 01/26/2005] [Accepted: 03/27/2005] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important cytokine associated with tumor regression and increased survival time for cancer patients. Research evidence relates immune factors (e.g., natural killer (NK) cell counts, NK cell lysis, lymphocyte profile, and lymphocyte proliferation) to the frequency and quality of social relations among cancer patients. We hypothesized that disruptions in social relations would be associated with lower TNF-alpha responses, and conversely, that reports of positive changes in social relations correlate with stronger responses. A prospective design measured changes in social activity and relationship satisfaction with a partner in 44 breast cancer patients at the time of cancer diagnosis, and initial surgery and 12 months later. Results indicated that patients reporting increased social activities or satisfaction exhibited stronger stimulated TNF-alpha responses. This is the first study to link changes in patient social relations with a cancer-relevant immune variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip T. Marucha
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | | | | | - Barbara L. Andersen
- Department of Psychology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, USA
- Corresponding author. Fax: +1 614 688 8261. E-mail address: (B.L. Andersen)
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