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Iizuka R, Hattori S, Kosaka Y, Masaki Y, Kawano Y, Ohtsu I, Hibbett D, Katayama Y, Yoshida M. Sulfur assimilation using gaseous carbonyl sulfide by the soil fungus Trichoderma harzianum. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0201523. [PMID: 38299812 PMCID: PMC10880591 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02015-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungi have the capacity to assimilate a diverse range of both inorganic and organic sulfur compounds. It has been recognized that all sulfur sources taken up by fungi are in soluble forms. In this study, we present evidence that fungi can utilize gaseous carbonyl sulfide (COS) for the assimilation of a sulfur compound. We found that the filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain THIF08, which has constitutively high COS-degrading activity, was able to grow with COS as the sole sulfur source. Cultivation with 34S-labeled COS revealed that sulfur atom from COS was incorporated into intracellular metabolites such as glutathione and ergothioneine. COS degradation by strain THIF08, in which as much of the moisture derived from the agar medium as possible was removed, indicated that gaseous COS was taken up directly into the cell. Escherichia coli transformed with a COS hydrolase (COSase) gene, which is clade D of the β-class carbonic anhydrase subfamily enzyme with high specificity for COS but low activity for CO2 hydration, showed that the COSase is involved in COS assimilation. Comparison of sulfur metabolites of strain THIF08 revealed a higher relative abundance of reduced sulfur compounds under the COS-supplemented condition than the sulfate-supplemented condition, suggesting that sulfur assimilation is more energetically efficient with COS than with sulfate because there is no redox change of sulfur. Phylogenetic analysis of the genes encoding COSase, which are distributed in a wide range of fungal taxa, suggests that the common ancestor of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota acquired COSase at about 790-670 Ma.IMPORTANCEThe biological assimilation of gaseous CO2 and N2 involves essential processes known as carbon fixation and nitrogen fixation, respectively. In this study, we found that the fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain THIF08 can grow with gaseous carbonyl sulfide (COS), the most abundant and ubiquitous gaseous sulfur compound, as a sulfur source. When the fungus grew in these conditions, COS was assimilated into sulfur metabolites, and the key enzyme of this assimilation process is COS hydrolase (COSase), which specifically degrades COS. Moreover, the pathway was more energy efficient than the typical sulfate assimilation pathway. COSase genes are widely distributed in Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota and also occur in some Chytridiomycota, indicating that COS assimilation is widespread in fungi. Phylogenetic analysis of these genes revealed that the acquisition of COSase in filamentous fungi was estimated to have occurred at about 790-670 Ma, around the time that filamentous fungi transitioned to a terrestrial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuka Iizuka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Hattori
- International Center for Isotope Effects Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yusuke Kosaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Masaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawano
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Euglena Co., Ltd., Minato‑ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iwao Ohtsu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Euglena Co., Ltd., Minato‑ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David Hibbett
- Department of Biology, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
- Independent Administrative Institution, Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Taito-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshida
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
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Kitz F, Wachter H, Spielmann F, Hammerle A, Wohlfahrt G. Root and rhizosphere contribution to the net soil COS exchange. PLANT AND SOIL 2023; 498:325-339. [PMID: 38665878 PMCID: PMC11039419 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-023-06438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and aims Partitioning the measured net ecosystem carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration remains a challenge, which scientists try to tackle by using the properties of the trace gas carbonyl sulfide (COS). Its similar pathway into and within the leaf makes it a potential photosynthesis proxy. The application of COS as an effective proxy depends, among other things, on a robust inventory of potential COS sinks and sources within ecosystems. While the soil received some attention during the last couple of years, the role of plant roots is mostly unknown. In our study, we investigated the effects of live roots on the soil COS exchange. Methods An experimental setup was devised to measure the soil and the belowground plant parts of young beech trees observed over the course of 9 months. Results During the growing season, COS emissions were significantly lower when roots were present compared to chambers only containing soil, while prior to the growing season, with photosynthetically inactive trees, the presence of roots increased COS emissions. The difference in the COS flux between root-influenced and uninfluenced soil was fairly constant within each month, with diurnal variations in the COS flux driven primarily by soil temperature changes rather than the presence or absence of roots. Conclusion While the mechanisms by which roots influence the COS exchange are largely unknown, their contribution to the overall ground surface COS exchange should not be neglected when quantifying the soil COS exchange. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11104-023-06438-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kitz
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
| | - Herbert Wachter
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
| | - Felix Spielmann
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
| | - Albin Hammerle
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
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Masaki Y, Iizuka R, Kato H, Kojima Y, Ogawa T, Yoshida M, Matsushita Y, Katayama Y. Fungal Carbonyl Sulfide Hydrolase of Trichoderma harzianum Strain THIF08 and Its Relationship with Clade D β-Carbonic Anhydrases. Microbes Environ 2021; 36. [PMID: 34024869 PMCID: PMC8209446 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me20058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is the most abundant and long-lived sulfur-containing gas in the atmosphere. Soil is the main sink of COS in the atmosphere and uptake is dominated by soil microorganisms; however, biochemical research has not yet been conducted on fungal COS degradation. COS hydrolase (COSase) was purified from Trichoderma harzianum strain THIF08, which degrades COS at concentrations higher than 10,000 parts per million by volume from atmospheric concentrations, and its gene cos (492 bp) was cloned. The recombinant protein purified from Escherichia coli expressing the cos gene converted COS to H2S. The deduced amino acid sequence of COSase (163 amino acids) was assigned to clade D in the phylogenetic tree of the β-carbonic anhydrase (β-CA) family, to which prokaryotic COSase and its structurally related enzymes belong. However, the COSase of strain THIF08 differed from the previously known prokaryotic COSase and its related enzymes due to its low reactivity to CO2 and inability to hydrolyze CS2. Sequence comparisons of the active site amino acids of clade D β-CA family enzymes suggested that various Ascomycota, particularly Sordariomycetes and Eurotiomycetes, possess similar enzymes to the COSase of strain THIF08 with >80% identity. These fungal COSase were phylogenetically distant to prokaryotic clade D β-CA family enzymes. These results suggest that various ascomycetes containing COSase contribute to the uptake of COS by soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Masaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Ryuka Iizuka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Hiromi Kato
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Yuka Kojima
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Makoto Yoshida
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | | | - Yoko Katayama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology.,Independent Administrative Institution, Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
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Kato H, Ogawa T, Ohta H, Katayama Y. Enumeration of Chemoorganotrophic Carbonyl Sulfide (COS)-degrading Microorganisms by the Most Probable Number Method. Microbes Environ 2020; 35. [PMID: 32350165 PMCID: PMC7308577 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me19139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is the most abundant sulfur compound in the atmosphere, and, thus, is important in the global sulfur cycle. Soil is a major sink of atmospheric COS and the numerical distribution of soil microorganisms that degrade COS is indispensable for estimating the COS-degrading potential of soil. However, difficulties are associated with counting COS-degrading microorganisms using culture-dependent approaches, such as the most probable number (MPN) method, because of the chemical hydrolysis of COS by water. We herein developed a two-step MPN method for COS-degrading microorganisms: the first step for chemoorganotrophic growth that supported a sufficient number of cells for COS degradation in the second step. Our new MPN analysis of various environmental samples revealed that the cell density of COS-degrading microorganisms in forest soils ranged between 106 and 108 MPN (g dry soil)–1, which was markedly higher than those in volcanic deposit and water samples, and strongly correlated with the rate of COS degradation in environmental samples. Numerically dominant COS degraders that were isolated from the MPN-positive culture were related to bacteria in the orders Bacillales and Actinomycetales. The present results provide numerical evidence for the ubiquity of COS-degrading microbes in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kato
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology.,Present address: Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Hiroyuki Ohta
- Department of Bioresource Science, Ibaraki University College of Agriculture
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology.,Independent Administrative Institution, Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
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Jing W, Wang L, Li D, Bao X, Shi Y. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS 2) exchange fluxes between cotton fields and the atmosphere in the arid area in Xinjiang, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:2195-2207. [PMID: 30877628 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to the important roles of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) in atmospheric chemistry, this study was designed to determine different proportions of COS and CS2 fluxes contributed from different sources, i.e., vegetation, soil and roots, at monthly and hourly timescales in the arid area in Xinjiang, China. Results indicated that the seasonal net uptake of COS by vegetation was predominant in the growing season. The CS2 fluxes from vegetation and soils had no significant seasonal variations compared with COS. The exchange rates of COS and CS2 have been found to be stimulated by the addition of nutrients in the form of urea fertilizer. Compared with the results of plots that were treated only with nitrogen, the treatments with both nitrogen and sulfur displayed no significant difference in the exchange fluxes. The results of compartment experiments indicated that the aboveground plants had the highest uptake of COS and had a vital role in the uptake of COS during the main growth period. The shares of COS emissions from the soil and roots increased to 6-17% and 55-58%, respectively, in the total COS fluxes when conditions, such as drought and senescence, were unfavorable for the developmental of vegetation. Observations of the preliminary diurnal fluxes indicated that the fluxes that occurred at night, with contributions from soils and plants, accounted for 27% of the total daily uptake of COS uptake. These quantitative results may be reasonably accounted for the use of COS as a promising tracer to obtain independent constraints on terrestrial carbon exchange at regional to global scales for their response to special environmental conditions in semiarid area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Jing
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liling Wang
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Li
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Bao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingshuang Shi
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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Kitz F, Gómez-Brandón M, Eder B, Etemadi M, Spielmann FM, Hammerle A, Insam H, Wohlfahrt G. Soil carbonyl sulfide exchange in relation to microbial community composition: insights from a managed grassland soil amendment experiment. SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 135:28-37. [PMID: 31579268 PMCID: PMC6774760 DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The viability of carbonyl sulfide (COS) measurements for partitioning ecosystem-scale net carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes into photosynthesis and respiration critically depends on our knowledge of non-leaf sinks and sources of COS in ecosystems. We combined soil gas exchange measurements of COS and CO2 with next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) to investigate the role of soil microbiota for soil COS exchange. We applied different treatments (litter and glucose addition, enzyme inhibition and gamma sterilization) to soil samples from a temperate grassland to manipulate microbial composition and activity. While untreated soil was characterized by consistent COS uptake, other treatments reduced COS uptake and even turned the soil into a net COS source. Removing biotic processes through sterilization led to positive or zero fluxes. We used NGS to link changes in the COS response to alterations in the microbial community composition, with bacterial data having a higher explanatory power for the measured COS fluxes than fungal data. We found that the genera Arthrobacter and Streptomyces were particularly abundant in samples exhibiting high COS emissions. Our results indicate co-occurring abiotic production and biotic consumption of COS in untreated soil, the latter linked to carbonic anhydrase activity, and a strong dependency of the COS flux on the activity, identity, abundance of and substrate available to microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kitz
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - María Gómez-Brandón
- Department of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Eder
- Department of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mohammad Etemadi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix M. Spielmann
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Albin Hammerle
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heribert Insam
- Department of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, Austria
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7
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Xu S, Hamsath A, Neill DL, Wang Y, Yang C, Xian M. Strategies for the Design of Donors and Precursors of Reactive Sulfur Species. Chemistry 2018; 25:4005-4016. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Xu
- Department of ChemistryWashington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA
| | - Akil Hamsath
- Department of ChemistryWashington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA
| | - Deshka L. Neill
- Department of ChemistryWashington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of ChemistryWashington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA
| | - Chun‐tao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutics ScienceGuangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong 511436 P. R. China
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of ChemistryWashington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA
- School of Pharmaceutics ScienceGuangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong 511436 P. R. China
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8
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Nitrogen Fertilization Reduces the Capacity of Soils to Take up Atmospheric Carbonyl Sulphide. SOIL SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems2040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soils are an important carbonyl sulphide (COS) sink. However, they can also act as sources of COS to the atmosphere. Here we demonstrate that variability in the soil COS sink and source strength is strongly linked to the available soil inorganic nitrogen (N) content across a diverse range of biomes in Europe. We revealed in controlled laboratory experiments that a one-off addition of ammonium nitrate systematically decreased the COS uptake rate whilst simultaneously increasing the COS production rate of soils from boreal and temperate sites in Europe. Furthermore, we found strong links between variations in the two gross COS fluxes, microbial biomass, and nitrate and ammonium contents, providing new insights into the mechanisms involved. Our findings provide evidence for how the soil–atmosphere exchange of COS is likely to vary spatially and temporally, a necessary step for constraining the role of soils and land use in the COS mass budget.
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Meredith LK, Ogée J, Boye K, Singer E, Wingate L, von Sperber C, Sengupta A, Whelan M, Pang E, Keiluweit M, Brüggemann N, Berry JA, Welander PV. Soil exchange rates of COS and CO 18O differ with the diversity of microbial communities and their carbonic anhydrase enzymes. ISME JOURNAL 2018; 13:290-300. [PMID: 30214028 PMCID: PMC6330096 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Differentiating the contributions of photosynthesis and respiration to the global carbon cycle is critical for improving predictive climate models. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity in leaves is responsible for the largest biosphere-atmosphere trace gas fluxes of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and the oxygen-18 isotopologue of carbon dioxide (CO18O) that both reflect gross photosynthetic rates. However, CA activity also occurs in soils and will be a source of uncertainty in the use of COS and CO18O as carbon cycle tracers until process-based constraints are improved. In this study, we measured COS and CO18O exchange rates and estimated the corresponding CA activity in soils from a range of biomes and land use types. Soil CA activity was not uniform for COS and CO2, and patterns of divergence were related to microbial community composition and CA gene expression patterns. In some cases, the same microbial taxa and CA classes catalyzed both COS and CO2 reactions in soil, but in other cases the specificity towards the two substrates differed markedly. CA activity for COS was related to fungal taxa and β-D-CA expression, whereas CA activity for CO2 was related to algal and bacterial taxa and α-CA expression. This study integrates gas exchange measurements, enzyme activity models, and characterization of soil taxonomic and genetic diversity to build connections between CA activity and the soil microbiome. Importantly, our results identify kinetic parameters to represent soil CA activity during application of COS and CO18O as carbon cycle tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Meredith
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Jérôme Ogée
- INRA/Bordeaux Science Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, Bordeaux Science Agro, Villenave d'Ornon, Bordeaux, 33140, France
| | - Kristin Boye
- SLAC National Laboratory, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Esther Singer
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Lisa Wingate
- INRA/Bordeaux Science Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, Bordeaux Science Agro, Villenave d'Ornon, Bordeaux, 33140, France
| | - Christian von Sperber
- Institute for Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany.,Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC, H3A 0B9, Canada
| | - Aditi Sengupta
- University of Arizona, Biosphere 2, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Mary Whelan
- Department of Global Change Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Erin Pang
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Marco Keiluweit
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Nicolas Brüggemann
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, Jülich, 52428, Germany
| | - Joe A Berry
- Department of Global Change Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Paula V Welander
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Coupled Biological and Abiotic Mechanisms Driving Carbonyl Sulfide Production in Soils. SOIL SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems2030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Steiger AK, Zhao Y, Pluth MD. Emerging Roles of Carbonyl Sulfide in Chemical Biology: Sulfide Transporter or Gasotransmitter? Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1516-1532. [PMID: 28443679 PMCID: PMC5930797 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is the most prevalent sulfur-containing gas in the Earth's atmosphere, and it plays important roles in the global sulfur cycle. COS has been implicated in origin of life peptide ligation, is the primary energy source for certain bacteria, and has been detected in mammalian systems. Despite this long and intertwined history with terrestrial biology, limited attention has focused on potential roles of COS as a biological mediator. Recent Advances: Although bacterial COS production is well documented, definitive sources of mammalian COS production have not been confirmed. Enzymatic COS consumption in mammals, however, is well documented and occurs primarily by carbonic anhydrase (CA)-mediated conversion to hydrogen sulfide (H2S). COS has been detected in ex vivo mammalian tissue culture, as well as in exhaled breath as a potential biomarker for different disease pathologies, including cystic fibrosis and organ rejection. Recently, chemical tools for COS delivery have emerged and are poised to advance future investigations into the role of COS in different biological contexts. CRITICAL ISSUES Possible roles of COS as an important biomolecule, gasotransmitter, or sulfide transport intermediate remain to be determined. Key advances in both biological and chemical tools for COS research are needed to further investigate these questions. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Further evaluation of the biological roles of COS and disentangling the chemical biology of COS from that of H2S are needed to further elucidate these interactions. Chemical tools for COS delivery and modulation may provide a first avenue of investigative tools to answer many of these questions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1516-1532.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Steiger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
| | - Michael D Pluth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
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12
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Sauze J, Ogée J, Maron PA, Crouzet O, Nowak V, Wohl S, Kaisermann A, Jones SP, Wingate L. The interaction of soil phototrophs and fungi with pH and their impact on soil CO 2, CO 18O and OCS exchange. SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 115:371-382. [PMID: 29200510 PMCID: PMC5666291 DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The stable oxygen isotope composition of atmospheric CO2 and the mixing ratio of carbonyl sulphide (OCS) are potential tracers of biospheric CO2 fluxes at large scales. However, the use of these tracers hinges on our ability to understand and better predict the activity of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) in different soil microbial groups, including phototrophs. Because different classes of the CA family (α, β and γ) may have different affinities to CO2 and OCS and their expression should also vary between different microbial groups, differences in the community structure could impact the 'community-integrated' CA activity differently for CO2 and OCS. Four soils of different pH were incubated in the dark or with a diurnal cycle for forty days to vary the abundance of native phototrophs. Fluxes of CO2, CO18O and OCS were measured to estimate CA activity alongside the abundance of bacteria, fungi and phototrophs. The abundance of soil phototrophs increased most at higher soil pH. In the light, the strength of the soil CO2 sink and the CA-driven CO2-H2O isotopic exchange rates correlated with phototrophs abundance. OCS uptake rates were attributed to fungi whose abundance was positively enhanced in alkaline soils but only in the presence of increased phototrophs. Our findings demonstrate that soil-atmosphere CO2, OCS and CO18O fluxes are strongly regulated by the microbial community structure in response to changes in soil pH and light availability and supports the idea that different members of the microbial community express different classes of CA, with different affinities to CO2 and OCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Sauze
- ISPA, Bordeaux Science Agro, INRA, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Jérôme Ogée
- ISPA, Bordeaux Science Agro, INRA, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre-Alain Maron
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Crouzet
- INRA, UR 251 PESSAC, Centre Versailles-Grignon, RD 10, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Virginie Nowak
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Steven Wohl
- ISPA, Bordeaux Science Agro, INRA, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | - Sam P. Jones
- ISPA, Bordeaux Science Agro, INRA, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Lisa Wingate
- ISPA, Bordeaux Science Agro, INRA, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Zhao Y, Henthorn HA, Pluth MD. Kinetic Insights into Hydrogen Sulfide Delivery from Caged-Carbonyl Sulfide Isomeric Donor Platforms. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16365-16376. [PMID: 29056039 PMCID: PMC6022369 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a biologically important small gaseous molecule that exhibits promising protective effects against a variety of physiological and pathological processes. To investigate the expanding roles of H2S in biology, researchers often use H2S donors to mimic enzymatic H2S synthesis or to provide increased H2S levels under specific circumstances. Aligned with the need for new broad and easily modifiable platforms for H2S donation, we report here the preparation and H2S release kinetics from a series of isomeric caged-carbonyl sulfide (COS) compounds, including thiocarbamates, thiocarbonates, and dithiocarbonates, all of which release COS that is quickly converted to H2S by the ubiquitous enzyme carbonic anhydrase. Each donor is designed to release COS/H2S after the activation of a trigger by activation by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition to providing a broad palette of new, H2O2-responsive donor motifs, we also demonstrate the H2O2 dose-dependent COS/H2S release from each donor core, establish that release profiles can be modified by structural modifications, and compare COS/H2S release rates and efficiencies from isomeric core structures. Supporting our experimental investigations, we also provide computational insights into the potential energy surfaces for COS/H2S release from each platform. In addition, we also report initial investigations into dithiocarbamate cores, which release H2S directly upon H2O2-mediated activation. As a whole, the insights on COS/H2S release gained from these investigations provide a foundation for the expansion of the emerging area of responsive COS/H2S donor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Hillary A. Henthorn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Michael D. Pluth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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14
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Kitz F, Gerdel K, Hammerle A, Laterza T, Spielmann FM, Wohlfahrt G. In situ soil COS exchange of a temperate mountain grassland under simulated drought. Oecologia 2017; 183:851-860. [PMID: 28070699 PMCID: PMC5339329 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3805-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
During recent years, carbonyl sulfide (COS), a trace gas with a similar diffusion pathway into leaves as carbon dioxide (CO2), but with no known "respiration-like" leaf source, has been discussed as a promising new approach for partitioning net ecosystem-scale CO2 fluxes into photosynthesis and respiration. The utility of COS for flux partitioning at the ecosystem scale critically depends on the understanding of non-leaf sources and sinks of COS. This study assessed the contribution of the soil to ecosystem-scale COS fluxes under simulated drought conditions at temperate grassland in the Central Alps. We used transparent steady-state flow-through chambers connected to a quantum cascade laser spectrometer to measure the COS and CO2 gas exchange between the soil surface and the atmosphere. Soils were a source of COS during the day, emissions being mainly driven by incoming solar radiation and to a lesser degree soil temperature. Soil water content had a negligible influence on soil COS exchange and thus the drought and control treatment were statistically not significantly different. Overall, daytime fluxes were large (12.5 ± 13.8 pmol m-2 s-1) in their magnitude and consistently positive compared to the previous studies, which predominantly used dark chambers. Nighttime measurements revealed soil COS fluxes around zero, as did measurements with darkened soil chambers during daytime reinforcing the importance of incoming solar radiation. Our results suggest that abiotic drivers play a key role in controlling in situ soil COS fluxes of the investigated grassland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kitz
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, Tyrol, Austria.
| | - Katharina Gerdel
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Albin Hammerle
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Tamara Laterza
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Felix M Spielmann
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, Tyrol, Austria
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15
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Ogawa T, Kato H, Higashide M, Nishimiya M, Katayama Y. Degradation of carbonyl sulfide by Actinomycetes and detection of clade D of β-class carbonic anhydrase. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw223. [PMID: 27671711 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is an atmospheric trace gas and one of the sources of stratospheric aerosol contributing to climate change. Although one of the major sinks of COS is soil, the distribution of COS degradation ability among bacteria remains unclear. Seventeen out of 20 named bacteria belonging to Actinomycetales had COS degradation activity at mole fractions of 30 parts per million by volume (ppmv) COS. Dietzia maris NBRC 15801T and Mycobacterium sp. THI405 had the activity comparable to a chemolithoautotroph Thiobacillus thioparus THI115 that degrade COS by COS hydrolase for energy production. Among 12 bacteria manifesting rapid degradation at 30 ppmv COS, D. maris NBRC 15801T and Streptomyces ambofaciens NBRC 12836T degraded ambient COS (∼500 parts per trillion by volume). Geodermatophilus obscurus NBRC 13315T and Amycolatopsis orientalis NBRC 12806T increased COS concentrations. Moreover, six of eight COS-degrading bacteria isolated from soils had partial nucleotide sequences similar to that of the gene encoding clade D of β-class carbonic anhydrase, which included COS hydrolase. These results indicate the potential importance of Actinomycetes in the role of soils as sinks of atmospheric COS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ogawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kato
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Higashide
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mami Nishimiya
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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16
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Kamezaki K, Hattori S, Ogawa T, Toyoda S, Kato H, Katayama Y, Yoshida N. Sulfur Isotopic Fractionation of Carbonyl Sulfide during Degradation by Soil Bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:3537-3544. [PMID: 26967120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We performed laboratory incubation experiments on the degradation of gaseous phase carbonyl sulfide (OCS) by soil bacteria to determine its sulfur isotopic fractionation constants ((34)ε). Incubation experiments were conducted using strains belonging to the genera Mycobacterium, Williamsia, and Cupriavidus isolated from natural soil environments. The (34)ε values determined were -3.67 ± 0.33‰, -3.99 ± 0.19‰, -3.57 ± 0.22‰, and -3.56 ± 0.23‰ for Mycobacterium spp. strains THI401, THI402, THI404, and THI405; -3.74 ± 0.29‰ for Williamsia sp. strain THI410; and -2.09 ± 0.07‰ and -2.38 ± 0.35‰ for Cupriavidus spp. strains THI414 and THI415. Although OCS degradation rates divided by cell numbers (cell-specific activity) were different among strains of the same genus, the (34)ε values for same genus showed no significant differences. Even though the numbers of bacterial species examined were limited, our results suggest that (34)ε values for OCS bacterial degradation depend not on cell-specific activities, but on genus-level biological differences, suggesting that (34)ε values are dependent on enzymatic and/or membrane properties. Taking our (34)ε values as representative for bacterial OCS degradation, the expected atmospheric changes in δ(34)S values of OCS range from 0.5‰ to 0.9‰, based on previously reported decreases in OCS concentrations at Mt. Fuji, Japan. Consequently, tropospheric observation of δ(34)S values for OCS coupled with (34)ε values for OCS bacterial degradation can potentially be used to investigate soil as an OCS sink.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | | | - Hiromi Kato
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Naohiro Yoshida
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-IE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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17
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Barthel M, Sturm P, Hammerle A, Buchmann N, Gentsch L, Siegwolf R, Knohl A. Soil H₂¹⁸O labelling reveals the effect of drought on C¹⁸OO fluxes to the atmosphere. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:5783-93. [PMID: 25100825 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Above- and belowground processes in plants are tightly coupled via carbon and water fluxes through the soil-plant-atmosphere system. The oxygen isotopic composition of atmospheric CO₂ and water vapour (H₂Ov) provides a valuable tool for investigating the transport and cycling of carbon and water within this system. However, detailed studies on the coupling between ecosystem components and environmental drivers are sparse. Therefore, we conducted a H2 (18)O-labelling experiment to investigate the effect of drought on the speed of the link between below- and aboveground processes and its subsequent effect on C(18)OO released by leaves and soils. A custom-made chamber system, separating shoot from soil compartments, allowed separate measurements of shoot- and soil-related processes under controlled conditions. Gas exchange of oxygen stable isotopes in CO₂ and H₂Ov served as the main tool of investigation and was monitored in real time on Fagus sylvatica saplings using laser spectroscopy. H₂(18)O-labelling showed that drought caused a slower transport of water molecules from soil to shoot, which was indicated by its direct derivation from independently measured concentrations and (18)O/(16)O ratios of CO₂ and H₂Ov, respectively. Furthermore, drought reduced the (18)O equilibrium between H₂O and CO₂ at the shoot level, resulting in less-enriched C(18)OO fluxes from leaf to atmosphere compared with control plants. Compared with the shoot, (18)O equilibrium was not instantaneous in the soil and no drought effect was apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Barthel
- Ecosystems and Global Change, Landcare Research, P.O. Box 69040, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Sturm
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Albin Hammerle
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lydia Gentsch
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland Chair of Bioclimatology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Siegwolf
- Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry/Stable Isotopes & Ecosystem Fluxes, PSI - Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Knohl
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland Chair of Bioclimatology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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18
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Sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide in an agricultural field in the Southern Great Plains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:9064-9. [PMID: 24927594 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1319132111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Net photosynthesis is the largest single flux in the global carbon cycle, but controls over its variability are poorly understood because there is no direct way of measuring it at the ecosystem scale. We report observations of ecosystem carbonyl sulfide (COS) and CO2 fluxes that resolve key gaps in an emerging framework for using concurrent COS and CO2 measurements to quantify terrestrial gross primary productivity. At a wheat field in Oklahoma we found that in the peak growing season the flux-weighted leaf relative uptake of COS and CO2 during photosynthesis was 1.3, at the lower end of values from laboratory studies, and varied systematically with light. Due to nocturnal stomatal conductance, COS uptake by vegetation continued at night, contributing a large fraction (29%) of daily net ecosystem COS fluxes. In comparison, the contribution of soil fluxes was small (1-6%) during the peak growing season. Upland soils are usually considered sinks of COS. In contrast, the well-aerated soil at the site switched from COS uptake to emissions at a soil temperature of around 15 °C. We observed COS production from the roots of wheat and other species and COS uptake by root-free soil up to a soil temperature of around 25 °C. Our dataset demonstrates that vegetation uptake is the dominant ecosystem COS flux in the peak growing season, providing support of COS as an independent tracer of terrestrial photosynthesis. However, the observation that ecosystems may become a COS source at high temperature needs to be considered in global modeling studies.
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19
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Ogawa T, Noguchi K, Saito M, Nagahata Y, Kato H, Ohtaki A, Nakayama H, Dohmae N, Matsushita Y, Odaka M, Yohda M, Nyunoya H, Katayama Y. Carbonyl Sulfide Hydrolase from Thiobacillus thioparus Strain THI115 Is One of the β-Carbonic Anhydrase Family Enzymes. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3818-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ja307735e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hiroshi Nakayama
- Biomolecular Characterization
Team, Advanced Technology Support Division, Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization
Team, Advanced Technology Support Division, Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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20
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Bloem E, Haneklaus S, Kesselmeier J, Schnug E. Sulfur fertilization and fungal infections affect the exchange of H(2)S and COS from agricultural crops. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:7588-96. [PMID: 22812725 DOI: 10.1021/jf301912h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The emission of gaseous sulfur (S) compounds by plants is related to several factors, such as the plant S status or fungal infection. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is either released or taken up by the plant depending on the ambient air concentration and the plant demand for S. On the contrary, carbonyl sulfide (COS) is normally taken up by plants. In a greenhouse experiment, the dependence of H(2)S and COS exchange with ambient air on the S status of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and on fungal infection with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was investigated. Thiol contents were determined to understand their influence on the exchange of gaseous S compounds. The experiment revealed that H(2)S emissions were closely related to pathogen infections as well as to S nutrition. S fertilization caused a change from H(2)S consumption by S-deficient oilseed rape plants to a H(2)S release of 41 pg g(-1) (dw) min(-1) after the addition of 250 mg of S per pot. Fungal infection caused an even stronger increase of H(2)S emissions with a maximum of 1842 pg g(-1) (dw) min(-1) 2 days after infection. Healthy oilseed rape plants acted as a sink for COS. Fungal infection caused a shift from COS uptake to COS releases. The release of S-containing gases thus seems to be part of the response to fungal infection. The roles the S-containing gases may play in this response are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Bloem
- Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Bundesallee 50, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
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21
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Blonquist JM, Montzka SA, Munger JW, Yakir D, Desai AR, Dragoni D, Griffis TJ, Monson RK, Scott RL, Bowling DR. The potential of carbonyl sulfide as a proxy for gross primary production at flux tower sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jg001723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Yi Z, Wang X. Carbonyl sulfide and dimethyl sulfide fluxes in an urban lawn and adjacent bare soil in Guangzhou, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2011; 23:784-789. [PMID: 21790051 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(10)60478-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) fluxes from an urban Cynodon dactylon lawn and adjacent bare soil were measured during April-July 2005 in Guangzhou, China. Both the lawn and bare soil acted as sinks for COS and sources for DMS. The mean fluxes of COS and DMS in the lawn (-19.27 and 18.16 pmol/(m2 sec), respectively) were significantly higher than those in the bare soil (-9.89 and 9.35 pmol/(m2 sec), respectively). Fluxes of COS and DMS in mowed lawn were also higher than those in bare soils. Both COS and DMS fluxes showed diurnal variation with detectable but much lower values in the nighttime than in the daytime. COS fluxes were related significantly to temperature and the optimal temperature for COS uptake was 29 degrees C. While positive linear correlations were found between DMS fluxes and temperature. COS fluxes increased linearly with ambient COS mixing ratios, and had a compensation point of 336 ppt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yi
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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23
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Liu Y, Ma J, Liu C, He H. Heterogeneous uptake of carbonyl sulfide onto kaolinite within a temperature range of 220-330 K. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
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24
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Stimler K, Montzka SA, Berry JA, Rudich Y, Yakir D. Relationships between carbonyl sulfide (COS) and CO2 during leaf gas exchange. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2010; 186:869-878. [PMID: 20298480 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03218.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
*Carbonyl sulfide (COS) exchange in C(3) leaves is linked to that of CO(2), providing a basis for the use of COS as a powerful tracer of gross CO(2) fluxes between plants and the atmosphere, a critical element in understanding the response of the land biosphere to global change. *Here, we carried out controlled leaf-scale gas-exchange measurements of COS and CO(2) in representative C(3) plants under a range of light intensities, relative humidities and temperatures, CO(2) and COS concentrations, and following abscisic acid treatments. *No 'respiration-like' emission of COS or detectable compensation point, and no cross-inhibition effects between COS and CO(2) were observed. The mean ratio of COS to CO(2) assimilation flux rates, A(s)/A(c), was c. 1.4 pmol micromol(-1) and the leaf relative uptake (assimilation normalized to ambient concentrations, (A(s)/A(c))(C(a)(c)/C(a)(s))) was 1.6-1.7 across species and conditions, with significant deviations under certain conditions. Stomatal conductance was enhanced by increasing COS, which was possibly mediated by hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) produced from COS hydrolysis, and a correlation was observed between A(s) and leaf discrimination against C(18)OO. *The results provide systematic and quantitative information necessary for the use of COS in photosynthesis and carbon-cycle research on the physiological to global scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Stimler
- Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Joseph A Berry
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dan Yakir
- Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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25
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The impact of soil microorganisms on the global budget of delta18O in atmospheric CO2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:22411-5. [PMID: 20018776 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0905210106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved global estimates of terrestrial photosynthesis and respiration are critical for predicting the rate of change in atmospheric CO(2). The oxygen isotopic composition of atmospheric CO(2) can be used to estimate these fluxes because oxygen isotopic exchange between CO(2) and water creates distinct isotopic flux signatures. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) is known to accelerate this exchange in leaves, but the possibility of CA activity in soils is commonly neglected. Here, we report widespread accelerated soil CO(2) hydration. Exchange was 10-300 times faster than the uncatalyzed rate, consistent with typical population sizes for CA-containing soil microorganisms. Including accelerated soil hydration in global model simulations modifies contributions from soil and foliage to the global CO(18)O budget and eliminates persistent discrepancies existing between model and atmospheric observations. This enhanced soil hydration also increases the differences between the isotopic signatures of photosynthesis and respiration, particularly in the tropics, increasing the precision of CO(2) gross fluxes obtained by using the delta(18)O of atmospheric CO(2) by 50%.
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26
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Catalan L, Liang V, Johnson A, Jia C, O'Connor B, Walton C. Emissions of reduced sulphur compounds from the surface of primary and secondary wastewater clarifiers at a Kraft Mill. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2009; 156:37-49. [PMID: 18649118 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-008-0461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of reduced sulphur compounds (RSCs) from the primary and secondary clarifiers at a Kraft mill were measured for respectively 8 and 22 days using a floating flux chamber. In the primary clarifier, dimethyl disulphide (DMDS) had the highest mean flux (0.83 microg s(-1) m(-2)) among all RSCs, and the mean flux of total reduced sulphur (TRS) was 1.53 microg s(-1) m(-2). At the secondary clarifier, dimethyl sulphide (DMS) had the highest mean flux (0.024 microg s(-1) m(-2)), and the mean flux of total reduced sulphur (TRS) was 0.025 microg s(-1) m(-2). Large variations in fluxes as a function of sampling date were observed in both clarifiers. Emission fluxes of DMS from the secondary clarifier were correlated with temperature in the flux chamber and with the biological and chemical oxygen demands (BOD and COD) of the wastewater. Emission rates of RSCs from the clarifiers were found to be insignificant by comparison with other mill sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Catalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
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27
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Kato H, Saito M, Nagahata Y, Katayama Y. Degradation of ambient carbonyl sulfide by Mycobacterium spp. in soil. Microbiology (Reading) 2008; 154:249-255. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.2007/011213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kato
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Masahiko Saito
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nagahata
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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28
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Montzka SA, Calvert P, Hall BD, Elkins JW, Conway TJ, Tans PP, Sweeney C. On the global distribution, seasonality, and budget of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS) and some similarities to CO2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Yi Z, Wang X, Sheng G, Zhang D, Zhou G, Fu J. Soil uptake of carbonyl sulfide in subtropical forests with different successional stages in south China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Notni J, Schenk S, Protoschill-Krebs G, Kesselmeier J, Anders E. The Missing Link in COS Metabolism: A Model Study on the Reactivation of Carbonic Anhydrase from its Hydrosulfide Analogue. Chembiochem 2007; 8:530-6. [PMID: 17304603 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200600436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is known to react with carbonyl sulfide, an atmospheric trace gas, whereby H(2)S is formed. It has been shown that, in the course of this reaction, the active catalyst, the His(3)ZnOH structural motif, is converted to its hydrosulfide form: His(3)ZnOH+COS-->His(3)ZnSH+CO(2). In this study, we elucidate the mechanism of reactivation of carbonic anhydrase (CA) from its hydrosulfide analogue by using density functional calculations, a model reaction and in vivo experimental investigation. The desulfuration occurs according to the overall equation His(3)ZnSH+H(2)O right harpoon over left harpoon His(3)ZnOH+H(2)S. The initial step is a protonation equilibrium at the zinc-bound hydrosulfide. The hydrogen sulfide ligand thus formed is then replaced by a water molecule, which is subsequently deprotonated to yield the reactivated catalytic centre of CA. Such a mechanism is thought to enable a plant cell to expel H(2)S or rapidly metabolise it to cysteine via the cysteine synthase complex. The proposed mechanism of desulfuration of the hydrosulfide analogue of CA can thus be regarded as the missing link between COS consumption of plants and their sulfur metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Notni
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Seibt U, Wingate L, Lloyd J, Berry JA. Diurnally variableδ18O signatures of soil CO2fluxes indicate carbonic anhydrase activity in a forest soil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jg000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Seibt
- Department of Global Ecology; Carnegie Institution of Washington; Stanford California USA
| | - L. Wingate
- School of Geosciences; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | - J. Lloyd
- School of Geography; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - J. A. Berry
- Department of Global Ecology; Carnegie Institution of Washington; Stanford California USA
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Geng C. Carbonyl sulfide and dimethyl sulfide exchange between lawn and the atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Yujing M, Hai W, Zhang X, Jiang G. Impact of anthropogenic sources on carbonyl sulfide in Beijing City. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mu Yujing
- Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Wu Hai
- Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhang
- Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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Kettle AJ. Global budget of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide: Temporal and spatial variations of the dominant sources and sinks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rinsland CP. Ground-based infrared spectroscopic measurements of carbonyl sulfide: Free tropospheric trends from a 24-year time series of solar absorption measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell K. Monson
- Department of Environmental, Population and Organismic Biology and the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado; e-mail:
- Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Elisabeth A. Holland
- Department of Environmental, Population and Organismic Biology and the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado; e-mail:
- Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
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Kuhn U, Kesselmeier J. Environmental variables controlling the uptake of carbonyl sulfide by lichens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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