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Chamba G, Rissanen M, Barthelmeß T, Saiz-Lopez A, Rose C, Iyer S, Saint-Macary A, Rocco M, Safi K, Deppeler S, Barr N, Harvey M, Engel A, Dunne E, Law CS, Sellegri K. Evidence of nitrate-based nighttime atmospheric nucleation driven by marine microorganisms in the South Pacific. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308696120. [PMID: 37991941 PMCID: PMC10691324 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308696120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of ocean-cloud interactions and their effect on climate lacks insight into a key pathway: do biogenic marine emissions form new particles in the open ocean atmosphere? Using measurements collected in ship-borne air-sea interface tanks deployed in the Southwestern Pacific Ocean, we identified new particle formation (NPF) during nighttime that was related to plankton community composition. We show that nitrate ions are the only species for which abundance could support NPF rates in our semicontrolled experiments. Nitrate ions also prevailed in the natural pristine marine atmosphere and were elevated under higher sub-10 nm particle concentrations. We hypothesize that these nucleation events were fueled by complex, short-term biogeochemical cycling involving the microbial loop. These findings suggest a new perspective with a previously unidentified role of nitrate of marine biogeochemical origin in aerosol nucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Chamba
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, Clermont-FerrandF-63000, France
| | - Matti Rissanen
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere33720, Finland
- Chemistry Department, Molecular Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Theresa Barthelmeß
- Research Center for Marine Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel24105, Germany
| | - Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas Cabrera, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid28006, Spain
| | - Clémence Rose
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, Clermont-FerrandF-63000, France
| | - Siddharth Iyer
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere33720, Finland
| | - Alexia Saint-Macary
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington6021, New Zealand
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin9016, New Zealand
| | - Manon Rocco
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, Clermont-FerrandF-63000, France
| | - Karl Safi
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton3216, New Zealand
| | - Stacy Deppeler
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington6021, New Zealand
| | - Neill Barr
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington6021, New Zealand
| | - Mike Harvey
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington6021, New Zealand
| | - Anja Engel
- Research Center for Marine Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel24105, Germany
| | - Erin Dunne
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Environment, AspendaleVIC3195, Australia
| | - Cliff S. Law
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington6021, New Zealand
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin9016, New Zealand
| | - Karine Sellegri
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, Clermont-FerrandF-63000, France
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2
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Fischer EV, Jacob DJ, Yantosca RM, Sulprizio MP, Millet DB, Mao J, Paulot F, Singh HB, Roiger A, Ries L, Talbot R, Dzepina K, Pandey Deolal S. Atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN): a global budget and source attribution. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2014; 14:2679-2698. [PMID: 33758588 PMCID: PMC7983850 DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-2679-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formed in the atmospheric oxidation of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) is the principal tropospheric reservoir for nitrogen oxide radicals (NOx = NO + NO2). PAN enables the transport and release of NOx to the remote troposphere with major implications for the global distributions of ozone and OH, the main tropospheric oxidants. Simulation of PAN is a challenge for global models because of the dependence of PAN on vertical transport as well as complex and uncertain NMVOC sources and chemistry. Here we use an improved representation of NMVOCs in a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and show that it can simulate PAN observations from aircraft campaigns worldwide. The immediate carbonyl precursors for PAN formation include acetaldehyde (44% of the global source), methylglyoxal (30 %), acetone (7 %), and a suite of other isoprene and terpene oxidation products (19 %). A diversity of NMVOC emissions is responsible for PAN formation globally including isoprene (37 %) and alkanes (14 %). Anthropogenic sources are dominant in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere outside the growing season. Open fires appear to play little role except at high northern latitudes in spring, although results are very sensitive to plume chemistry and plume rise. Lightning NOx is the dominant contributor to the observed PAN maximum in the free troposphere over the South Atlantic.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. V. Fischer
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - D. J. Jacob
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - R. M. Yantosca
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M. P. Sulprizio
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - D. B. Millet
- Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - J. Mao
- Princeton University, GFDL, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - F. Paulot
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - H. B. Singh
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - A. Roiger
- Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
| | - L. Ries
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R.W. Talbot
- Federal Environment Agency, GAW Global Station Zugspitze/Hohenpeissenberg, Zugspitze, Germany
| | - K. Dzepina
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
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3
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Perring AE, Pusede SE, Cohen RC. An Observational Perspective on the Atmospheric Impacts of Alkyl and Multifunctional Nitrates on Ozone and Secondary Organic Aerosol. Chem Rev 2013; 113:5848-70. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300520x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Perring
- Department
of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
| | - S. E. Pusede
- Department
of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
| | - R. C. Cohen
- Department
of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
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4
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Strekowski RS, Nicovich JM, Wine PH. Kinetic and Mechanistic study of the Reactions of O(
1
D
2
) with HCN and CH
3
CN. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:3942-55. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal S. Strekowski
- Laboratoire Chimie Provence—MR 6264, Université de Provence, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille (France)
| | - J. Michael Nicovich
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332‐0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404‐894‐5638
| | - Paul H. Wine
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332‐0400 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404‐894‐5638
- School of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332‐0340 (USA)
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5
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Fang Y, Fiore AM, Horowitz LW, Levy H, Hu Y, Russell AG. Sensitivity of the NOybudget over the United States to anthropogenic and lightning NOxin summer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Reeves CE, Slemr J, Oram DE, Worton D, Penkett SA, Stewart DJ, Purvis R, Watson N, Hopkins J, Lewis A, Methven J, Blake DR, Atlas E. Alkyl nitrates in outflow from North America over the North Atlantic during Intercontinental Transport of Ozone and Precursors 2004. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Reeves
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - Jana Slemr
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - David E. Oram
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - David Worton
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - Stuart A. Penkett
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - David J. Stewart
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - Ruth Purvis
- Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements; Cranfield University; Cranfield UK
| | - Nicola Watson
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; York UK
| | - Jim Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; York UK
| | - Ally Lewis
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; York UK
| | - John Methven
- Department of Meteorology; University of Reading; Reading UK
| | - Donald R. Blake
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - Elliot Atlas
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry; University of Miami; Miami Florida USA
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7
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Dahl EE, Yvon-Lewis SA, Saltzman ES. Alkyl nitrate (C1-C3) depth profiles in the tropical Pacific Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jc003471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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8
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Mao H, Talbot R. O3and CO in New England: Temporal variations and relationships. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Mao
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Climate Change Research Center; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - Robert Talbot
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Climate Change Research Center; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
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9
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Rosen RS. Observations of total alkyl nitrates during Texas Air Quality Study 2000: Implications for O3and alkyl nitrate photochemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Treves
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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11
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12
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Blake NJ. Latitudinal, vertical, and seasonal variations of C1-C4alkyl nitrates in the troposphere over the Pacific Ocean during PEM-Tropics A and B: Oceanic and continental sources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Talbot R. Reactive nitrogen in Asian continental outflow over the western Pacific: Results from the NASA Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) airborne mission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Simpson IJ. Photochemical production and evolution of selected C2–C5alkyl nitrates in tropospheric air influenced by Asian outflow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Tanimoto H, Furutani H, Kato S, Matsumoto J, Makide Y, Akimoto H. Seasonal cycles of ozone and oxidized nitrogen species in northeast Asia 1. Impact of regional climatology and photochemistry observed during RISOTTO 1999–2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tanimoto
- Atmospheric Environment Division National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba Japan
| | - Hiroshi Furutani
- Japan Science and Technology Corporation Saitama Japan
- Now at Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Shungo Kato
- Japan Science and Technology Corporation Saitama Japan
- Also at Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsumoto
- Japan Science and Technology Corporation Saitama Japan
- Also at Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Akimoto
- Atmospheric Composition Research Program Frontier Research System for Global Change Yokohama Japan
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Kondo Y, Koike M, Kita K, Ikeda H, Takegawa N, Kawakami S, Blake D, Liu SC, Ko M, Miyazaki Y, Irie H, Higashi Y, Liley B, Nishi N, Zhao Y, Ogawa T. Effects of biomass burning, lightning, and convection on O3, CO, and NOyover the tropical Pacific and Australia in August–October 1998 and 1999. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Koike M, Kondo Y, Kita K, Nishi N, Liu SC, Blake D, Ko M, Akutagawa D, Kawakami S, Takegawa N, Zhao Y, Ogawa T. Reactive nitrogen over the tropical western Pacific: Influence from lightning and biomass burning during BIBLE A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Weller R, Jones AE, Wille A, Jacobi HW, McIntyre HP, Sturges WT, Huke M, Wagenbach D. Seasonality of reactive nitrogen oxides (NOy) at Neumayer Station, Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Weller
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung; Bremerhaven Germany
| | - A. E. Jones
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross; Cambridge UK
| | | | - H.-W. Jacobi
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung; Bremerhaven Germany
| | - H. P. McIntyre
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - W. T. Sturges
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - M. Huke
- Institut für Umweltphysik; Universität Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - D. Wagenbach
- Institut für Umweltphysik; Universität Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
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Abstract
Alkyl nitrates are a significant component of the "odd nitrogen" reservoir and play an important role in regulating tropospheric ozone levels in remote marine regions. Measurements of methyl and ethyl nitrate in seawater and air samples along two Atlantic Ocean transects provide the first direct evidence for an oceanic source of these compounds. Equatorial surface waters were highly supersaturated (up to 800%) in both species, with the waters in the temperate regions generally being closer to equilibrium. A simple box model calculation suggests that the equatorial source could be a major component of the local atmospheric alkyl nitrate budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele L Chuck
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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