|
1
|
Nichols JD, King ORT, Clarke JT, de Pater I, Fletcher LN, Melin H, Moore L, Tao C, Yeoman TK. Dynamic infrared aurora on Jupiter. Nat Commun 2025; 16:3907. [PMID: 40355492 PMCID: PMC12069571 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Auroral emissions are an important diagnostic for a planet's magnetosphere and upper atmosphere. At the outer planets, the characteristics of emission from the triatomic hydrogen ionH 3 + are key to understanding the auroral energy budget. We present James Webb Space Telescope observations of Jupiter's infrared auroralH 3 + emission, exhibiting variability on timescales down to seconds. Together with simultaneous Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet observations, these results imply an auroralH 3 + lifetime of 150 s, and thatH 3 + cannot efficiently radiate heat deposited by bursty auroral precipitation. However,H 3 + radiation is particularly efficient in a dusk active region, which has no significant ultraviolet counterpart. The cause of such emission is unclear. We also present observations of rapid eastward-travelling auroral pulses in the dawn side auroral region and pulsations that propagate rapidly along the Io footprint tail. Together, these observations open a diagnostic window for the jovian magnetosphere and ionosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Nichols
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, Leicestershire, UK.
| | - O R T King
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, Leicestershire, UK
| | - J T Clarke
- Center for Space Physics, Boston University, 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - I de Pater
- Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, 94720, CA, USA
| | - L N Fletcher
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, Leicestershire, UK
| | - H Melin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, Leicestershire, UK
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | - L Moore
- Center for Space Physics, Boston University, 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - C Tao
- Space Environment Laboratory, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - T K Yeoman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, Leicestershire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Bagenal F, Delamere PA. Flow of mass and energy in the magnetospheres of Jupiter and Saturn. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010ja016294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fran Bagenal
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Peter A. Delamere
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Radioti A, Grodent D, Gérard JC, Vogt MF, Lystrup M, Bonfond B. Nightside reconnection at Jupiter: Auroral and magnetic field observations from 26 July 1998. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010ja016200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Radioti
- Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - D. Grodent
- Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - J.-C. Gérard
- Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - M. F. Vogt
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - M. Lystrup
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - B. Bonfond
- Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Delamere
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. Bagenal
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Radioti A, Grodent D, Gérard JC, Roussos E, Paranicas C, Bonfond B, Mitchell DG, Krupp N, Krimigis S, Clarke JT. Transient auroral features at Saturn: Signatures of energetic particle injections in the magnetosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Radioti
- Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Liege Belgium
| | - D. Grodent
- Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Liege Belgium
| | - J.-C. Gérard
- Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Liege Belgium
| | - E. Roussos
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung; Katlenburg-Lindau Germany
| | - C. Paranicas
- Applied Physics Laboratory; Johns Hopkins University; Laurel Maryland USA
| | - B. Bonfond
- Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Liege Belgium
| | - D. G. Mitchell
- Applied Physics Laboratory; Johns Hopkins University; Laurel Maryland USA
| | - N. Krupp
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung; Katlenburg-Lindau Germany
| | - S. Krimigis
- Applied Physics Laboratory; Johns Hopkins University; Laurel Maryland USA
- Office for Space Research and Applications; Academy of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - J. T. Clarke
- Center for Space Physics; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Grodent D, Bonfond B, Gérard JC, Radioti A, Gustin J, Clarke JT, Nichols J, Connerney JEP. Auroral evidence of a localized magnetic anomaly in Jupiter's northern hemisphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Grodent
- Laboratory for Planetary and Atmospheric Physics; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Bertrand Bonfond
- Laboratory for Planetary and Atmospheric Physics; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Jean-Claude Gérard
- Laboratory for Planetary and Atmospheric Physics; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Aikaterini Radioti
- Laboratory for Planetary and Atmospheric Physics; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Jacques Gustin
- Laboratory for Planetary and Atmospheric Physics; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - John T. Clarke
- Center for Space Physics; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Jonathan Nichols
- Center for Space Physics; Boston University; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Branduardi-Raymont G, Elsner RF, Galand M, Grodent D, Cravens TE, Ford P, Gladstone GR, Waite JH. Spectral morphology of the X-ray emission from Jupiter's aurorae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. F. Elsner
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center; NSSTC/XD12, Space Science Branch; Huntsville Alabama USA
| | - M. Galand
- Imperial College London, Space and Atmospheric Physics Group; Blackett Laboratory; London UK
| | - D. Grodent
- Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - T. E. Cravens
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Kansas; Lawrence Kansas USA
| | - P. Ford
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | | | - J. H. Waite
- Southwest Research Institute; San Antonio Texas USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Radioti A, Gérard JC, Grodent D, Bonfond B, Krupp N, Woch J. Discontinuity in Jupiter's main auroral oval. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Radioti
- LPAP, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Belgium
| | - J.-C. Gérard
- LPAP, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Belgium
| | - D. Grodent
- LPAP, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Belgium
| | - B. Bonfond
- LPAP, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique; Université de Liège; Belgium
| | - N. Krupp
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung; Katlenburg-Lindau Germany
| | - J. Woch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung; Katlenburg-Lindau Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Kronberg EA. Mass release at Jupiter: Substorm-like processes in the Jovian magnetotail. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004ja010777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
|
10
|
Jackman CM. Interplanetary magnetic field at ∼9 AU during the declining phase of the solar cycle and its implications for Saturn's magnetospheric dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004ja010614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|