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The Annual Cycle in Mid-Latitude Stratospheric and Mesospheric Ozone Associated with Quasi-Stationary Wave Structure by the MLS Data 2011–2020. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to study quasi-stationary wave structure in the mid-latitude stratosphere and mesosphere (40–50°N) and its role in the formation of the annual ozone cycle. Geopotential height and ozone from Aura MLS data are used and winter climatology for January–February 2011–2020 is considered. The 10-degree longitude segment centered on Longfengshan Brewer station (44.73°N, 127.60°E), China, is examined in detail. The station is located in the region of the Aleutian Low associated with the quasi-stationary zonal maximum of total ozone. Annual and semi-annual oscillations in ozone using units of ozone volume mixing ratio and concentration, as well as changes in ozone peak altitude and in time series of ozone at individual pressure levels between 316 hPa (9 km) and 0.001 hPa (96 km) were compared. The ozone maximum in the vertical profile is higher in volume mixing ratio (VMR) values than in concentration by about 15 km (5 km) in the stratosphere (mesosphere), consistent with some previous studies. We found that the properties of the annual cycle are better resolved in the altitude range of the main ozone maximum: middle–upper stratosphere in VMR and lower stratosphere in concentration. Both approaches reveal annual and semi-annual changes in the ozone peak altitudes in a range of 4–6 km during the year. In the lower-stratospheric ozone of the Longfengshan domain, an earlier development of the annual cycle takes place with a maximum in February and a minimum in August compared to spring and autumn, respectively, in zonal means. This is presumably due to the higher rate of dynamical ozone accumulation in the region of the quasi-stationary zonal ozone maximum. The “no-annual-cycle” transition layers are found in the stratosphere and mesosphere. These layers with undisturbed ozone volume mixing ratio are of interest for more detailed future study.
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Cunnold DM, Pitts MC, Trepte CR. An intercomparison of SAGE and SBUV ozone observations for March and April 1979. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jd089id04p05249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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3
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Kaye JA. Theoretical analysis of isotope effects on ozone formation in oxygen photochemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jd091id07p07865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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4
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Björn LG, Kopp E, Herrmann U, Eberhardt P, Dickinson PHG, Mackinnon DJ, Arnold F, Witt G, Lundin A, Jenkins DB. Heavy ionospheric ions in the formation process of noctilucent clouds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jd090id05p07985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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5
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Cheung R, Li KF, Wang S, Pongetti TJ, Cageao RP, Sander SP, Yung YL. Atmospheric hydroxyl radical (OH) abundances from ground-based ultraviolet solar spectra: an improved retrieval method. APPLIED OPTICS 2008; 47:6277-6284. [PMID: 19023394 DOI: 10.1364/ao.47.006277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The Fourier Transform Ultraviolet Spectrometer (FTUVS) instrument has recorded a long-term data record of the atmospheric column abundance of the hydroxyl radical (OH) using the technique of high resolution solar absorption spectroscopy. We report new efforts in improving the precision of the OH measurements in order to better model the diurnal, seasonal, and interannual variability of odd hydrogen (HO(x)) chemistry in the stratosphere, which, in turn, will improve our understanding of ozone chemistry and its long-term changes. Until the present, the retrieval method has used a single strong OH absorption line P(1)(1) in the near-ultraviolet at 32,341 cm(-1). We describe a new method that uses an average based on spectral fits to multiple lines weighted by line strength and fitting precision. We have also made a number of improvements in the ability to fit a model to the spectral feature, which substantially reduces the scatter in the measurements of OH abundances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Cheung
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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6
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Haefele A, Hocke K, Kämpfer N, Keckhut P, Marchand M, Bekki S, Morel B, Egorova T, Rozanov E. Diurnal changes in middle atmospheric H2O and O3: Observations in the Alpine region and climate models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd009892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Kaufmann M, Gusev OA, Grossmann KU, Martín-Torres FJ, Marsh DR, Kutepov AA. Satellite observations of daytime and nighttime ozone in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kaufmann
- Department of Physics; University of Wuppertal; Wuppertal Germany
| | - O. A. Gusev
- Department of Physics; University of Wuppertal; Wuppertal Germany
| | - K. U. Grossmann
- Department of Physics; University of Wuppertal; Wuppertal Germany
| | | | - D. R. Marsh
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. A. Kutepov
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics-Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics; University of Munich; Munich Germany
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Perkins KK, Hanisco TF, Cohen RC, Koch LC, Stimpfle RM, Voss PB, Bonne GP, Lanzendorf EJ, Anderson JG, Wennberg PO, Gao RS, Del Negro LA, Salawitch RJ, McElroy CT, Hintsa EJ, Loewenstein M, Bui TP. The NOx−HNO3 System in the Lower Stratosphere: Insights from In Situ Measurements and Implications of the JHNO3−[OH] Relationship. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002519n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. K. Perkins
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - T. F. Hanisco
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - R. C. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - L. C. Koch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - R. M. Stimpfle
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - P. B. Voss
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - G. P. Bonne
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - E. J. Lanzendorf
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - J. G. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - P. O. Wennberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - R. S. Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - L. A. Del Negro
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - R. J. Salawitch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - C. T. McElroy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - E. J. Hintsa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - M. Loewenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
| | - T. P. Bui
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Departments of Chemistry and of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Divisions of Engineering and of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109; Meteorological Service
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9
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Voss PB, Stimpfle RM, Cohen RC, Hanisco TF, Bonne GP, Perkins KK, Lanzendorf EJ, Anderson JG, Salawitch RJ, Webster CR, Scott DC, May RD, Wennberg PO, Newman PA, Lait LR, Elkins JW, Bui TP. Inorganic chlorine partitioning in the summer lower stratosphere: Modeled and measured [ClONO2]/[HCl] during POLARIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Hanisco TF, Lanzendorf EJ, Wennberg PO, Perkins KK, Stimpfle RM, Voss PB, Anderson JG, Cohen RC, Fahey DW, Gao RS, Hintsa EJ, Salawitch RJ, Margitan JJ, McElroy CT, Midwinter C. Sources, Sinks, and the Distribution of OH in the Lower Stratosphere. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002334g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. F. Hanisco
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - E. J. Lanzendorf
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - P. O. Wennberg
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - K. K. Perkins
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. M. Stimpfle
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - P. B. Voss
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. G. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. C. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - D. W. Fahey
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. S. Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - E. J. Hintsa
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. J. Salawitch
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. J. Margitan
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - C. T. McElroy
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - C. Midwinter
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Cohen RC, Perkins KK, Koch LC, Stimpfle RM, Wennberg PO, Hanisco TF, Lanzendorf EJ, Bonne GP, Voss PB, Salawitch RJ, Del Negro LA, Wilson JC, McElroy CT, Bui TP. Quantitative constraints on the atmospheric chemistry of nitrogen oxides: An analysis along chemical coordinates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Strawa AW, Drdla K, Ferry GV, Verma S, Pueschel RF, Yasuda M, Salawitch RJ, Gao RS, Howard SD, Bui PT, Loewenstein M, Elkins JW, Perkins KK, Cohen R. Carbonaceous aerosol (soot) measured in the lower stratosphere during POLARIS and its role in stratospheric photochemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Del Negro LA, Fahey DW, Gao RS, Donnelly SG, Keim ER, Neuman JA, Cohen RC, Perkins KK, Koch LC, Salawitch RJ, Lloyd SA, Proffitt MH, Margitan JJ, Stimpfle RM, Bonne GP, Voss PB, Wennberg PO, McElroy CT, Swartz WH, Kusterer TL, Anderson DE, Lait LR, Bui TP. Comparison of modeled and observed values of NO2and JNO2during the Photochemistry of Ozone Loss in the Arctic Region in Summer (POLARIS) mission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Drdla K, Pueschel RF, Strawa AW, Cohen RC, Hanisco TF. Microphysics and chemistry of sulphate aerosols at warm stratospheric temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Sen B, Osterman GB, Salawitch RJ, Toon GC, Margitan JJ, Blavier JF, Chang AY, May RD, Webster CR, Stimpfle RM, Bonne GP, Voss PB, Perkins KK, Anderson JG, Cohen RC, Elkins JW, Dutton GS, Hurst DF, Romashkin PA, Atlas EL, Schauffler SM, Loewenstein M. The budget and partitioning of stratospheric chlorine during the 1997 Arctic summer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Gao RS, Fahey DW, Salawitch RJ, Lloyd SA, Anderson DE, DeMajistre R, McElroy CT, Woodbridge EL, Wamsley RC, Donnelly SG, Del Negro LA, Proffitt MH, Stimpfle RM, Kohn DW, Kawa SR, Lait LR, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR, Keim ER, Dye JE, Wilson JC, Chan KR. Partitioning of the reactive nitrogen reservoir in the lower stratosphere of the southern hemisphere: Observations and modeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Kondo Y, Sugita T, Salawitch RJ, Koike M, Deshler T. Effect of Pinatubo aerosols on stratospheric NO. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd03063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Jucks KW, Johnson DG, Chance KV, Traub WA, Salawitch RJ, Stachnik RA. Ozone production and loss rate measurements in the middle stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd02739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Chance K, Traub WA, Johnson DG, Jucks KW, Ciarpallini P, Stachnik RA, Salawitch RJ, Michelsen HA. Simultaneous measurements of stratospheric HOx, NOx, and Clx: Comparison with a photochemical model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Wen JS, Pinto JP, Yung YL. Photochemistry of CO and H2O: analysis of laboratory experiments and applications to the prebiotic Earth's atmosphere. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH 1989; 94:14957-70. [PMID: 11538864 DOI: 10.1029/jd094id12p14957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The role photochemical reactions in the early Earth's atmosphere played in the prebiotic synthesis of simple organic molecules was examined. We have extended an earlier calculation of formaldehyde production rates to more reduced carbon species, such as methanol, methane, and acetaldehyde. We have simulated the experimental results of Bar-Nun and Chang (1983) as an acid in the construction of our photochemical scheme and as a way of validating our model. Our results indicate that some fraction of CO2 and H2 present in the primitive atmosphere could have been converted to simple organic molecules. The exact amount is dependent on the partial pressure of CO2 and H2 in the atmosphere and on what assumptions are made concerning the shape of the absorption spectra of CO2 and H2O. In particular, the results are most sensitive to the presence or absence of absorption at wavelengths longward of 2000 angstroms. We also find that small quantities of CH4 could have been present in the prebiotic Earth's atmosphere as the result of the photoreduction of CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Wen
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
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21
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Yung YL, Wen JS, Moses JI, Landry BM, Allen M, Hsu KJ. Hydrogen and deuterium loss from the terrestrial atmosphere: a quantitative assessment of nonthermal escape fluxes. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH 1989; 94:14971-89. [PMID: 11538865 DOI: 10.1029/jd094id12p14971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive one-dimensional photochemical model extending from the middle atmosphere (50 km) to the exobase (432 km) has been used to study the escape of hydrogen and deuterium from the Earth's atmosphere. The model incorporates recent advances in chemical kinetics as well as atmospheric observations by satellites, especially the Atmosphere Explorer C satellite. The results suggest: (1) the escape fluxes of both H and D are limited by the upward transport of total hydrogen and total deuterium at the homopause (this result is known as Hunten's limiting flux theorem); (2) about one fourth of total hydrogen escape is thermal, the rest being nonthermal; (3) escape of D is nonthermal; and (4) charge exchange and polar wind are important mechanisms for the nonthermal escape of H and D, but other nonthermal mechanisms may be required. The efficiency to escape from the terrestrial atmosphere for D is 0.74 of the efficiency for H. If the difference between the D/H ratio measured in deep-sea tholeiite glass and that of standard sea water, delta D = -77%, were caused by the escape of H and D, we estimate that as much water as the equivalent of 36% of the present ocean might have been lost in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Yung
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
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Yung YL, Wen JS, Pinto JP, Allen M, Pierce KK, Paulson S. HDO in the Martian atmosphere: implications for the abundance of crustal water. ICARUS 1988; 76:146-159. [PMID: 11538666 DOI: 10.1016/0019-1035(88)90147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The physical and chemical processes that lead to the preferential escape of hydrogen over deuterium in the Martian atmosphere are studied in detail using a one-dimensional photochemical model. Comparison of our theory with recent observations of HDO suggests that, averaged over the planet, Mars contains 0.2 m of crustal water that is exchangeable with the atmosphere. Our estimate is considerably lower than recent estimates of subsurface water on Mars based on geomorphological analysis of Viking images. The estimate can be reconciled if only a small fraction of crustal water can exchange with the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Yung
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, USA
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Clancy RT, Rusch DW, Thomas RJ, Allen M, Eckman RS. Model ozone photochemistry on the basis of Solar Mesosphere Explorer mesospheric observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1029/jd092id03p03067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Weinstock EM, Schiller CM, Anderson JG. In situ stratospheric ozone measurements by long path UV absorption: Developments and interpretation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1029/jd091id04p05237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Eckman RS. Response of ozone to short-term variations in the solar ultraviolet irradiance: 2. Observations and interpretation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1029/jd091id06p06705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Natarajan M, Callis LB, Boughner RE, Russell JM, Lambeth JD. Stratospheric photochemical studies using Nimbus 7 data: 1. Ozone photochemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1029/jd091id01p01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rusch DW, Eckman RS. Implications of the comparison of ozone abundances measured by the Solar Mesosphere Explorer to model calculations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1029/jd090id07p12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Froidevaux L, Allen M, Yung YL. A critical analysis of CLO and O3in the mid-latitude stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1029/jd090id07p12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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29
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Allen M, Lunine JI, Yung YL. The vertical distribution of ozone in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1029/jd089id03p04841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Garcia RR, Solomon S. A numerical model of the zonally averaged dynamical and chemical structure of the middle atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1029/jc088ic02p01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Frederick JE, Huang FT, Douglass AR, Reber CA. The distribution and annual cycle of ozone in the upper stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1029/jc088ic06p03819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Apruzese JP, Schoeberl MR, Strobel DF. Parameterization of IR cooling in a middle atmosphere dynamics model: 1. Effects on the zonally averaged circulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1029/jc087ic11p08951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Allen M, Yung YL, Waters JW. Vertical transport and photochemistry in the terrestrial mesosphere and lower thermosphere (50–120 km). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1029/ja086ia05p03617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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