1
|
Paganini J, Pedini P, Rijkers M, Chiaroni J, Di Cristofaro J. Validation of KIR3DL1 alleles assigned by next generation sequencing. HLA 2024; 104:e15613. [PMID: 39022874 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
We describe the novel KIR3DL1*182 allele and confirmed the 3DL1*15002 allele.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Pedini
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang PACA Corse, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jacques Chiaroni
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang PACA Corse, Marseille, France
| | - Julie Di Cristofaro
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang PACA Corse, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Deng Z. A single nucleotide substitution in exon 5 generated the novel KIR2DL3*00112 allele. HLA 2024; 103:e15557. [PMID: 38837671 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The novel KIR2DL3*00112 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL3*00101 by a single same sense mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Li
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu Q, Yang Z, Deng Z. The novel KIR2DL3*037 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual. HLA 2024; 103:e15556. [PMID: 38837624 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The novel KIR2DL3*037 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL3*00101 by a single missense mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhen J, Yang Z, Deng Z. Discovery of the novel KIR2DL3*00111 allele in a Chinese Han individual. HLA 2024; 103:e15558. [PMID: 38887878 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The novel KIR2DL3*00111 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL3*00101 by a single silent mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Zhen
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
You X, He Y, Zhang W, Tao S, Zhu F. Identification of the novel KIR3DP1*00604 allele in a Chinese individual. HLA 2024; 103:e15307. [PMID: 38014472 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
KIR3DP1*00604 differs from KIR3DP1*0060101 by one single nucleotide substitution G > C at position 252.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan You
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhen He
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sudan Tao
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Faming Zhu
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Transfusion research Institute, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mack SJ, Schefzyk D, Millius RP, Maiers M, Hollenbach JA, Pollack J, Heuer ML, Gragert L, Spellman SR, Guethlein LA, Schneider J, Bochtler W, Eberhard HP, Robinson J, Marsh SGE, Schmidt AH, Hofmann JA, Sauter J. Genotype List String 1.1: Extending the Genotype List String grammar for describing HLA and Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor genotypes. HLA 2023; 102:206-212. [PMID: 37286192 PMCID: PMC10524834 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Genotype List (GL) String grammar for reporting HLA and Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) genotypes in a text string was described in 2013. Since this initial description, GL Strings have been used to describe HLA and KIR genotypes for more than 40 million subjects, allowing these data to be recorded, stored and transmitted in an easily parsed, text-based format. After a decade of working with HLA and KIR data in GL String format, with advances in HLA and KIR genotyping technologies that have fostered the generation of full-gene sequence data, the need for an extension of the GL String system has become clear. Here, we introduce the new GL String delimiter "?," which addresses the need to describe ambiguity in assigning a gene sequence to gene paralogs. GL Strings that do not include a "?" delimiter continue to be interpreted as originally described. This extension represents version 1.1 of the GL String grammar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Mack
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jill A. Hollenbach
- Department of Neurology and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jane Pollack
- National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Loren Gragert
- School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Stephen R. Spellman
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Werner Bochtler
- Zentrales Knochenmarkspender-Register für Deutschland (ZKRD), Ulm, Germany
| | | | - James Robinson
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Steven G. E. Marsh
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang Z, Chen H, Deng Z. Characterization of the novel KIR3DL3*116 allele identified in a Chinese Han individual. HLA 2023. [PMID: 37157941 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The novel KIR3DL3*116 allele differs from the closest allele KIR3DL3*00902 by a single missense mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Yang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhen J, Yang Z, Chen H, Deng Z. Identification of the novel KIR3DL3*118 allele in a Chinese Han individual. HLA 2023. [PMID: 37157939 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The novel KIR3DL3*118 allele differs from the closest allele KIR3DL3*01002 by a single missense mutation at CDS nt502 A > G in exon 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Zhen
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihui Deng
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen H, Yang Z, Deng Z. The novel KIR2DL4*00108 allele identified by sequencing-based typing in a Chinese Han individual. HLA 2023; 101:315-316. [PMID: 36256498 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR2DL4*00108 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL4*00102 by a single synonymous mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhen J, Yang Z, Chen S, Chen H, Deng Z. Characterization of the novel KIR3DL1*01507 allele identified in a Chinese Han individual. HLA 2023; 101:318-320. [PMID: 36254745 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR3DL1*01507 allele differs from the closest allele KIR3DL1*01502 by a single synonymous mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Zhen
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shangliang Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu Q, Chen H, Yang Z, Zhen J, Deng Z. Identification of the novel KIR3DL1*00703 allele in a Chinese Han individual. HLA 2023; 101:316-318. [PMID: 36258300 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR3DL1*00703 allele differs from the closest allele KIR3DL1*00701 by a single silent mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianxin Zhen
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihui Deng
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mace EM. Human natural killer cells: Form, function, and development. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:371-385. [PMID: 36195172 PMCID: PMC9905317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that mediate important effector functions in the control of viral infection and malignancy. Their ability to distinguish "self" from "nonself" and lyse virally infected and tumorigenic cells through germline-encoded receptors makes them important players in maintaining human health and a powerful tool for immunotherapeutic applications and fighting disease. This review introduces our current understanding of NK cell biology, including key facets of NK cell differentiation and the acquisition and execution of NK cell effector function. Further, it addresses the clinical relevance of NK cells in both primary immunodeficiency and immunotherapy. It is intended to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of this important and interesting innate immune effector cell subset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Mace
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ramos-Mejia V, Arellano-Galindo J, Mejía-Arangure JM, Cruz-Munoz ME. A NK Cell Odyssey: From Bench to Therapeutics Against Hematological Malignancies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:803995. [PMID: 35493522 PMCID: PMC9046543 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.803995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1975 two independent groups noticed the presence of immune cells with a unique ability to recognize and eliminate transformed hematopoietic cells without any prior sensitization or expansion of specific clones. Since then, NK cells have been the axis of thousands of studies that have resulted until June 2021, in more than 70 000 publications indexed in PubMed. As result of this work, which include approaches in vitro, in vivo, and in natura, it has been possible to appreciate the role played by the NK cells, not only as effectors against specific pathogens, but also as regulators of the immune response. Recent advances have revealed previous unidentified attributes of NK cells including the ability to adapt to new conditions under the context of chronic infections, or their ability to develop some memory-like characteristics. In this review, we will discuss significant findings that have rule our understanding of the NK cell biology, the developing of these findings into new concepts in immunology, and how these conceptual platforms are being used in the design of strategies for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ramos-Mejia
- GENYO: Centro Pfizer, Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Arellano-Galindo
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Infantil de México “Dr. Federico Gomez”, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Arangure
- Genómica del Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN) & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Mario Ernesto Cruz-Muñoz, ; Juan Manuel Mejía-Arangure,
| | - Mario Ernesto Cruz-Munoz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Mario Ernesto Cruz-Muñoz, ; Juan Manuel Mejía-Arangure,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lesan V, Bewarder M, Metz C, Becker A, Mang S, Regitz E, Thurner L, Neumann F, Kos I, Christofyllakis K, Danziger G, Stilgenbauer S, Bals R, Lepper PM, Kaddu-Mulindwa D, Rixecker T. Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS5 is associated with recovery from coronavirus disease 2019. Intensive Care Med Exp 2021; 9:45. [PMID: 34476598 PMCID: PMC8412971 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-021-00409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite numerous advances in the identification of risk factors for the development of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), factors that promote recovery from COVID-19 remain unknown. Natural killer (NK) cells provide innate immune defense against viral infections and are known to be activated during moderate and severe COVID-19. Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) mediate NK cell cytotoxicity through recognition of an altered MHC-I expression on infected target cells. However, the influence of KIR genotype on outcome of patients with COVID-19 has not been investigated so far. We retrospectively analyzed the outcome associations of NK cell count and KIR genotype of patients with COVID-19 related severe ARDS treated on our tertiary intensive care unit (ICU) between February and June 2020 and validated our findings in an independent validation cohort of patients with moderate COVID-19 admitted to our tertiary medical center. RESULTS Median age of all patients in the discovery cohort (n = 16) was 61 years (range 50-71 years). All patients received invasive mechanical ventilation; 11 patients (68%) required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Patients who recovered from COVID-19 had significantly higher median NK cell counts during the whole observational period compared to patients who died (121 cells/µL, range 16-602 cells/µL vs 81 cells/µL, range 6-227 cells/µL, p-value = 0.01). KIR2DS5 positivity was significantly associated with shorter time to recovery (21.6 ± 2.8 days vs. 44.6 ± 2.2 days, p-value = 0.01). KIR2DS5 positivity was significantly associated with freedom from transfer to ICU (0% vs 9%, p-value = 0.04) in the validation cohort which consisted of 65 patients with moderate COVID-19. CONCLUSION NK cells and KIR genotype might have an impact on recovery from COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Lesan
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology), Saarland University Medical Center, University Hospital, Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Moritz Bewarder
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology), Saarland University Medical Center, University Hospital, Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Carlos Metz
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Pneumology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine), Interdisciplinary COVID-19 Center, University Hospital, Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - André Becker
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Pneumology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine), Interdisciplinary COVID-19 Center, University Hospital, Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mang
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Pneumology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine), Interdisciplinary COVID-19 Center, University Hospital, Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Evi Regitz
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology), Saarland University Medical Center, University Hospital, Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Thurner
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology), Saarland University Medical Center, University Hospital, Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Neumann
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology), Saarland University Medical Center, University Hospital, Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Igor Kos
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology), Saarland University Medical Center, University Hospital, Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Christofyllakis
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology), Saarland University Medical Center, University Hospital, Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Guy Danziger
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Pneumology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine), Interdisciplinary COVID-19 Center, University Hospital, Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Stilgenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology), Saarland University Medical Center, University Hospital, Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Pneumology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine), Interdisciplinary COVID-19 Center, University Hospital, Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Philipp M Lepper
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Pneumology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine), Interdisciplinary COVID-19 Center, University Hospital, Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dominic Kaddu-Mulindwa
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology), Saarland University Medical Center, University Hospital, Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Torben Rixecker
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Pneumology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine), Interdisciplinary COVID-19 Center, University Hospital, Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Duygu B, Olieslagers TI, Groeneweg M, Voorter CEM, Wieten L. HLA Class I Molecules as Immune Checkpoints for NK Cell Alloreactivity and Anti-Viral Immunity in Kidney Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680480. [PMID: 34295330 PMCID: PMC8290519 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that can kill diseased- or virally-infected cells, mediate antibody dependent cytotoxicity and produce type I immune-associated cytokines upon activation. NK cells also contribute to the allo-immune response upon kidney transplantation either by promoting allograft rejection through lysis of cells of the transplanted organ or by promoting alloreactive T cells. In addition, they protect against viral infections upon transplantation which may be especially relevant in patients receiving high dose immune suppression. NK cell activation is tightly regulated through the integrated balance of signaling via inhibitory- and activating receptors. HLA class I molecules are critical regulators of NK cell activation through the interaction with inhibitory- as well as activating NK cell receptors, hence, HLA molecules act as critical immune checkpoints for NK cells. In the current review, we evaluate how NK cell alloreactivity and anti-viral immunity are regulated by NK cell receptors belonging to the KIR family and interacting with classical HLA class I molecules, or by NKG2A/C and LILRB1/KIR2DL4 engaging non-classical HLA-E or -G. In addition, we provide an overview of the methods to determine genetic variation in these receptors and their HLA ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Duygu
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Timo I Olieslagers
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mathijs Groeneweg
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Christina E M Voorter
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lotte Wieten
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang ZC, Chen H, Deng ZH. Identification of the novel KIR3DL1*00702 allele in a Northern Chinese Han individual. HLA 2021; 98:504-505. [PMID: 34219402 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR3DL1*00702 allele differs from the closest allele KIR3DL1*00701 by a single silent mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Yang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yu Q, Chen H, Yang ZC, Deng ZH. Characterization of the novel KIR2DS2*022 allele identified in a northern Chinese Han individual. HLA 2021; 98:258-259. [PMID: 34155832 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR2DS2*022 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DS2*00101 by a single nonsynonymous mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Yang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen C, Wang J, Tao S, He J, Zhu F. Identification of the novel KIR3DL2*00711 allele by sequencing-based typing in a Chinese individual. HLA 2021; 98:416-418. [PMID: 33896119 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
KIR3DL2*00711 differs from KIR3DL2*0070101 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 1344G>A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,HLA Typing Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jielin Wang
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,HLA Typing Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sudan Tao
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,HLA Typing Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ji He
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,HLA Typing Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Faming Zhu
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,HLA Typing Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Histologic Antibody-Mediated Kidney Allograft Rejection in the Absence of Donor Specific HLA Antibodies. Transplantation 2021; 105:e181-e190. [PMID: 33901113 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Histologic antibody-mediated rejection (hAMR) is defined as a kidney allograft biopsy satisfying the first 2 Banff criteria for diagnosing antibody-mediated rejection (AMR): tissue injury and evidence of current/recent antibody interaction with the endothelium. In approximately one-half of such cases, circulating HLA donor specific antibodies (DSA) are not detectable by current methodology at the time of biopsy. Some studies indicated a better prognosis for HLA-DSA-negative cases of hAMR compared to those with detectable HLA-DSA, whereas others found equally poor survival compared to hAMR-negative cases. We reviewed the literature regarding the pathophysiology of HLA-DSA-negative hAMR. We find 3 nonmutually exclusive possibilities: 1) HLA-DSA are involved, but just not detected; 2) non-HLA DSA (allo- or autoantibodies) are pathogenically involved; and/or 3) antibody-independent NK cell activation is mediating the process through "missing self" or other activating mechanisms. These possibilities are discussed in detail. Recommendations regarding the approach to such patients are made. Clearly, more research is necessary regarding the measurement of non-HLA antibodies, recipient/donor NK cell genotyping, and the use of antibody reduction therapy or other immunosuppression in any subset of patients with HLA-DSA-negative hAMR.
Collapse
|
20
|
Omraninava M, Mehranfar S, Khosrojerdi A, Jamalzehi S, Karami J, Motallebnezhad M, Javan MR, Aslani S, Mohammadi H, Kousha A. Systematic review and meta-analytic findings on the association between killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genes and susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis. Pathog Glob Health 2020; 115:61-69. [PMID: 33258733 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2020.1848271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have evaluated the association between killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) genes and susceptibility risk to tuberculosis (TB) infection. Nonetheless, their outcomes have not been conclusive and consistent. Here we implemented a systematic review and meta-analysis of KIR genes association to susceptibility risk of pulmonary TB (PTB) infection to attain a clear understanding of the involvement of these genes in susceptibility to PTB infection. A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus databases to find case-control studies published before November 2020. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated to determine the association between KIR genes and risk of PTB infection. After comprehensive searching and implementing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. Four KIR genes were found to have significant positive association with PTB susceptibility risk of infection, including 2DL3 (OR = 1.454, 95% CI = 1.157-1.827; P = 0.001), 2DS1 (OR = 1.481, 95% CI = 1.334-1.837; P < 0.001), 2DS4 (OR = 1.782, 95% CI = 1.273-2.495; P = 0.001) and 3DL1 (OR = 1.726, 95% CI = 1.277-2.333; P < 0.001). However, the results showed that the remaining KIR genes (2DS2-4, 2DL1, 2, 4, 3DL1-2) and two pseudogenes (2DP1 and 3DP1) did not have significant associations with risk of PTB infection. This meta-analysis provides reliable evidence that the KIR genes 2DL3, 2DS1, 2DS4, and 3DL1 may be associated with an increased risk of PTB infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melodi Omraninava
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University , Sari, Iran
| | - Sahar Mehranfar
- Department of Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Urmia, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Urmia, Iran
| | - Arezou Khosrojerdi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirous Jamalzehi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences , Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Jafar Karami
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Motallebnezhad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Javan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences , Alborz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Kousha
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Varbanova V, Popov G, Grigorova V, Petrova D, Naumova E, Mihaylova A. KIR/HLA ligands immunogenetics markers associated with outcome of hepatitis B virus infection in the Bulgarian population. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2020; 165:270-276. [PMID: 32975242 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2020.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most common infections worldwide, having negative impact on world health due to the tendency for chronification with late complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Natural killer (NK) cells as part of innate antiviral defense influence the clinical course of HBV infection: elimination of the virus or chronic disease. AIM Therefore, we investigated the polymorphisms of the main gene systems, regulating NK-cell function: killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their appropriate HLA class I ligands in 144 HBV infected patients (124 chronic carriers and 20 spontaneously recoved) and 126 ethnically matched healthy controls from the Bulgarian population in a case-control study. METHODS KIRs and HLA ligands were determined by PCR-SSP or PCR high-resolution typing methods. RESULTS KIR2DL5B allele variant was significantly less frequent in spontaneously recovered (SR) patients compared to healthy controls (10.0% vs. 45.5%, Pcorr=0.006). The presence of KIR3DL1*004 allele was higher in chronic HBV carriers (CH) than in controls (33.1% vs. 17.6%, Pcorr=0.036). Additionally, SR patients differed from healthy individuals by the lower frequency of HLA-Bw4Ile80 group ligands (30.0% vs 63.7%, P=0.015). Three KIR genotypes were found more frequent in healthy in comparison with HBV infected individuals: ID2 (13.5% vs 5.6%, P=0.025), KIR genotype containing 6 activating KIRs (18.0% vs 7.6%, P=0.017), and KIR genotype composed of 4 activating and 5 inhibitory KIRs (23.8% vs 5.6%, P=0.001). CONCLUSION These data suggest that inherited KIR and HLA class I ligand polymorphisms may influence the clinical course of HBV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgi Popov
- Clinic of Infection Diseases, Military Medical Academy, MHAT, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Veneta Grigorova
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Acibadem City Clinic, Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Diana Petrova
- Clinic of Propaedeutics in Internal Diseases, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elissaveta Naumova
- Clinic of Clinical Immunology and Stem Cell Bank, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anastasiya Mihaylova
- Clinic of Clinical Immunology and Stem Cell Bank, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Inhibitory KIR2DL2 Gene: Risk for Deep Endometriosis in Euro-descendants. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:291-304. [PMID: 32661880 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EDT) is an inflammatory disease characterized by implantation/growth of endometrial tissue, glands, and/or stroma, outside the uterus. Reduced NK cell cytotoxic activity has been implicated in its pathogenesis, together with other immunologic alterations. We investigated the influence of KIR gene polymorphisms and their HLA ligand combinations in deep endometriosis (DE) susceptibility. One hundred sixty women with a histological diagnosis of DE and 202 control women without the disease, who underwent laparoscopy, were enrolled. The DE group was subdivided into initial (I/II; n = 60) and advanced stages (III/IV, n = 100). KIR and HLA class I gene polymorphisms were typed by PCR-SSP and sequence-based-typing (SBT), respectively. We observed a significant association of KIR2DL2, an inhibitory gene of B haplotype, conferring risk for DE in Euro-descendants. Positive associations of Bx haplotype and centromeric AB segments were also found. However, no association with KIR-HLA ligand combination was observed. Our data suggest KIR2DL2 gene to be a relevant factor favoring NK inhibition in DE in Euro-descendants, contributing to the defective NK cytotoxic activity and impaired clearance of ectopic endometrial cells in the disease.
Collapse
|
23
|
van Pul L, Majonga E, Ferrand R, Rowland‐Jones SL, Yindom L. A novel full-length two-domain KIR2DL5A allele isolated in Zimbabwean samples: KIR2DL5A*0010104. HLA 2020; 96:135-136. [PMID: 32198826 PMCID: PMC8650998 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The novel allele KIR2DL5A*0010104 differs from that of KIR2DL5A*0010101 with eight single intronic nucleotide changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa van Pul
- University of OxfordNuffield Department of MedicineOxfordUK
- Present address:
Amsterdam UMCAcademic Medical CenterAmsterdamAZThe Netherlands
| | - Edith Majonga
- Department of Clinical ResearchLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
- Department of Clinical ResearchBiomedical Research and Training InstituteHarareZimbabwe
| | - Rashida Ferrand
- Department of Clinical ResearchLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
- Department of Clinical ResearchBiomedical Research and Training InstituteHarareZimbabwe
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Alicata C, Ashouri E, Nemat-Gorgani N, Guethlein LA, Marin WM, Tao S, Moretta L, Hollenbach JA, Trowsdale J, Traherne JA, Ghaderi A, Parham P, Norman PJ. KIR Variation in Iranians Combines High Haplotype and Allotype Diversity With an Abundance of Functional Inhibitory Receptors. Front Immunol 2020; 11:556. [PMID: 32300348 PMCID: PMC7142237 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that eliminate infected and transformed cells. They discriminate healthy from diseased tissue through killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) recognition of HLA class I ligands. Directly impacting NK cell function, KIR polymorphism associates with infection control and multiple autoimmune and pregnancy syndromes. Here we analyze KIR diversity of 241 individuals from five groups of Iranians. These five populations represent Baloch, Kurd, and Lur, together comprising 15% of the ethnically diverse Iranian population. We identified 159 KIR alleles, including 11 not previously characterized. We also identified 170 centromeric and 94 telomeric haplotypes, and 15 different KIR haplotypes carrying either a deletion or duplication encompassing one or more complete KIR genes. As expected, comparing our data with those representing major worldwide populations revealed the greatest similarity between Iranians and Europeans. Despite this similarity we observed higher frequencies of KIR3DL1*001 in Iran than any other population, and the highest frequency of HLA-B*51, a Bw4-containing allotype that acts as a strong educator of KIR3DL1*001+ NK cells. Compared to Europeans, the Iranians we studied also have a reduced frequency of 3DL1*004, which encodes an allotype that is not expressed at the NK cell surface. Concurrent with the resulting high frequency of strong viable interactions between inhibitory KIR and polymorphic HLA class I, the majority of KIR-A haplotypes characterized do not express a functional activating receptor. By contrast, the most frequent KIR-B haplotype in Iran expresses only one functional inhibitory KIR and the maximum number of activating KIR. This first complete, high-resolution, characterization of the KIR locus of Iranians will form a valuable reference for future clinical and population studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Alicata
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Elham Ashouri
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Neda Nemat-Gorgani
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lisbeth A Guethlein
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Wesley M Marin
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sudan Tao
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Division of Personalized Medicine, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Jill A Hollenbach
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - John Trowsdale
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James A Traherne
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- School of Medicine, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peter Parham
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Paul J Norman
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Division of Personalized Medicine, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cisneros E, Moraru M, Gómez-Lozano N, Muntasell A, López-Botet M, Vilches C. Haplotype-Based Analysis of KIR-Gene Profiles in a South European Population-Distribution of Standard and Variant Haplotypes, and Identification of Novel Recombinant Structures. Front Immunol 2020; 11:440. [PMID: 32256494 PMCID: PMC7089957 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) specific for HLA class I molecules enable human natural killer cells to monitor altered antigen presentation in pathogen-infected and tumor cells. KIR genes display extensive copy-number variation and allelic polymorphism. They organize in a series of variable arrangements, designated KIR haplotypes, which derive from duplications of ancestral genes and sequence diversification through point mutation and unequal crossing-over events. Genomic studies have established the organization of multiple KIR haplotypes—many of them are fixed in most human populations, whereas variants of those have less certain distributions. Whilst KIR-gene diversity of many populations and ethnicities has been explored superficially (frequencies of individual genes and presence/absence profiles), less abundant are in-depth analyses of how such diversity emerges from KIR-haplotype structures. We characterize here the genetic diversity of KIR in a sample of 414 Spanish individuals. Using a parsimonious approach, we manage to explain all 38 observed KIR-gene profiles by homo- or heterozygous combinations of six fixed centromeric and telomeric motifs; of six variant gene arrangements characterized previously by us and others; and of two novel haplotypes never detected before in Caucasoids. Associated to the latter haplotypes, we also identified the novel transcribed KIR2DL5B*0020202 allele, and a chimeric KIR2DS2/KIR2DL3 gene (designated KIR2DL3*033) that challenges current criteria for classification and nomenclature of KIR genes and haplotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cisneros
- Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela Moraru
- Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Gómez-Lozano
- Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aura Muntasell
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel López-Botet
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Vilches
- Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen C, Wang J, Xu A, He J, Zhu F. Identification of the novel KIR3DL2*115 allele in a Chinese individual. HLA 2020; 96:137-138. [PMID: 32115878 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
KIR3DL2*115 differs from KIR3DL2*01001 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 761 A>G.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jielin Wang
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aiqin Xu
- Department of Blood Donation Service, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji He
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Faming Zhu
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen C, Wang J, Xu G, He J, Zhu F. Characterization of the novel KIR3DL2 allele,
KIR3DL2*113. HLA 2020; 95:594-596. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.13821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- HLA Typing LaboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| | - Jielin Wang
- HLA Typing LaboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| | - Gang Xu
- HLA Typing LaboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| | - Ji He
- HLA Typing LaboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| | - Faming Zhu
- HLA Typing LaboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Maccari G, Robinson J, Hammond JA, Marsh SGE. The IPD Project: a centralised resource for the study of polymorphism in genes of the immune system. Immunogenetics 2020; 72:49-55. [PMID: 31641782 PMCID: PMC6970959 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-019-01133-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The Immuno Polymorphism Database (IPD), https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ipd/, is a set of specialist databases that enable the study of polymorphic genes which function as part of the vertebrate immune system. The major focus is on the hyperpolymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes and the killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes, by providing the official repository and primary source of sequence data. Databases are centred around humans as well as animals important for food security, for companionship and as disease models. The IPD project works with specialist groups or nomenclature committees who provide and manually curate individual sections before they are submitted for online publication. To reflect the recent advance of allele sequencing technologies and the increasing demands of novel tools for the analysis of genomic variation, the IPD project is undergoing a progressive redesign and reorganisation. In this review, recent updates and future developments are discussed, with a focus on the core concepts to better future-proof the project.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Maccari
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey, UK
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - James Robinson
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | | | - Steven G E Marsh
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
- UCL Cancer Institute, Royal Free Campus, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen C, Wang J, He Y, He J, Zhu F. Identification of the novel
KIR3DL2*114
allele in a Chinese individual by polymerase chain reaction sequence‐based typing. HLA 2020; 95:596-598. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- HLA typing laboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety ResearchZhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| | - Jielin Wang
- HLA typing laboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety ResearchZhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| | - Yanmin He
- HLA typing laboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety ResearchZhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| | - Ji He
- HLA typing laboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety ResearchZhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| | - Faming Zhu
- HLA typing laboratoryBlood Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Blood Safety ResearchZhejiang Province Hangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ghaemdoust F, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Rezaei N. Natural killer cells and cancer therapy, what we know and where we are going. Immunotherapy 2019; 11:1231-1251. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2019-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are among the significant components of innate immune system and they have come to the first line of defense against tumor cells developing inside the body. CD56lo/CD16+ NK cells are highly cytotoxic and CD56hi NK cells can produce cytokines and perform a regulatory function. Specific features of NK cells have made them a unique choice for cancer immunotherapy. Simple interventions like cytokine-injection to boost the internal NK cells were the first trials to target these cells. Nowadays, many other types of intervention are under investigation, such as adoptive NK cell immunotherapy. In this paper, we will discuss the biology and function of NK cells in cancer immunosurveillance and therapeutic approaches against cancer via using NK cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Ghaemdoust
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 1419733151, Iran
| | - Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 1419733151, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1419733151, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1419733151, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The impact of KIR/HLA genes on the risk of developing multibacillary leprosy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007696. [PMID: 31525196 PMCID: PMC6762192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are a group of regulatory molecules able to activate or inhibit natural killer cells upon interaction with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules. Combinations of KIR and HLA may contribute to the occurrence of different immunological and clinical responses to infectious diseases. Leprosy is a chronic neglected disease, both disabling and disfiguring, caused mainly by Mycobacterium leprae. In this case–control study, we examined the influence of KIRs and HLA ligands on the development of multibacillary leprosy. Methodology/Principal findings Genotyping of KIR and HLA genes was performed in 264 multibacillary leprosy patients and 518 healthy unrelated controls (238 healthy household contacts and 280 healthy subjects). These are unprecedented results in which KIR2DL2/KIR2DL2/C1/C2 and KIR2DL3/2DL3/C1/C1 indicated a risk for developing lepromatous and borderline leprosy, respectively. Concerning to 3DL2/A3/A11+, our study demonstrated that independent of control group (contacts or healthy subjects), this KIR receptor and its ligand act as a risk factor for the borderline clinical form. Conclusions/Significance Our finding suggests that synergetic associations of activating and inhibitory KIR genes may alter the balance between these receptors and thus interfere in the progression of multibacillary leprosy. Leprosy is a neglected disease with the highest worldwide prevalence, and remains a public health problem in Brazil. The innate immune mechanisms are determinants in the management of leprosy and its different clinical manifestations. Accordingly, genetic association study provides information about the contribution of host genetic factors and the environment in which the individual lives on the development of leprosy. The individuals considered most affected and associated with a major risk for developing leprosy are household contacts with an intimate relation to patients living in crowded households. For this reason, we chose the contacts as one of our control groups, since they are more exposed to infection compared to the general population. We investigated the influence of KIR and HLA genes on the susceptibility to multibacillary leprosy. Our results reinforce the importance of host genetic background in the susceptibility to leprosy demonstrating that, independent from the control group (contacts or healthy subjects) the KIR and HLA act as risk factors in the development of lepromatous and borderline leprosy.
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) is a cell surface glycoprotein, which is expressed as 2 forms, αα homodimer or αβ heterodimer. Peptide-loaded major histocompatibility complex class I (pMHC-I) molecules are major ligands for both forms of CD8. CD8αβ is a coreceptor for the T cell receptor (TCR) and binds to the same cognate pMHC-I as the TCR, thus enabling or augmenting T cell responses. The function of CD8αα homodimers is largely unknown. While CD8αβ heterodimer is expressed exclusively on CD8+ T cells, the CD8αα homodimer is present in subsets of T cells and human natural killer (NK) cells. Here, we report that the CD8αα homodimer functions as a coreceptor for KIR3DL1, an inhibitory receptor of NK cells that is specific for certain MHC-I allotypes. CD8αα enhances binding of pMHC-I to KIR3DL1, increases KIR3DL1 clustering at the immunological synapse, and augments KIR3DL1-mediated inhibition of NK cell activation. Additionally, interactions between pMHC-I and CD8αα homodimers regulate KIR3DL1+ NK cell education. Together, these findings reveal another dimension to the modulation of NK cell activity.
Collapse
|
33
|
Distribution of Killer-Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Genes and Combinations of Their Human Leucocyte Antigen Ligands in 11 Ethnic Populations in China. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070711. [PMID: 31336930 PMCID: PMC6678321 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and their human leucocyte antigen (HLA) ligand combinations in different original ethnic populations in China, and thus, to provide relevant genomic diversity data for the future study of viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and reproductive fitness. A total of 1119 unrelated individuals from 11 ethnic populations—including Hani, Jinuo, Lisu, Nu, Bulang, Wa, Dai, Maonan, Zhuang, Tu, and Yugu—from four original groups, were included. The presence/absence of the 16 KIR loci were detected, and the KIR gene’s phenotype, genotype, and haplotype A and B frequencies, as well as KIR ligand’s HLA allotype and KIR–HLA pairs for each population, were calculated. Principal component analysis and phylogenetic trees were constructed to compare the characteristics of the KIR and KIR–HLA pair distributions of these 11 populations. In total, 92 KIR genotypes were identified, including six new genotypes. The KIR and its HLA ligands had a distributed diversity in 11 ethnic populations in China, and each group had its specific KIR and KIR–HLA pair profile. The difference among the KIR–HLA pairs between northern and southern groups, but not among the four original groups, may reflect strong pressure from previous or ongoing infectious diseases, which have a significant impact on KIR and its HLA combination repertoires.
Collapse
|
34
|
Halverson CME. Standards and legacies: Pragmatic constraints on a uniform gene nomenclature. SOCIAL STUDIES OF SCIENCE 2019; 49:432-455. [PMID: 31090494 DOI: 10.1177/0306312719850335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past half-century, there have been concerted efforts to standardize how clinicians and medical researchers refer to genetic material. However, practical and historical impediments thwart this goal. In the current paper I argue that the ontological status of a genetic mutation cannot be cleanly separated from its pragmatic role in therapy. Attempts at standardization fail due to the non-standardized ends to which genetic information is employed, along with historical inertia and unregulated local innovation. These factors prevent rationalistic attempts to 'modernize' what is otherwise trumpeted as the most modern of the medical sciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Michael Egenberger Halverson
- Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Bioethics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Su P, Wang J, Yao F, Siqi C, Deng ZH. The novel KIR2DL4*038 allele identified by sequencing-based typing in a Chinese Naxi individual. HLA 2019; 94:186-187. [PMID: 31070014 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR2DL4*038 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL4*00102 by a single missense mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pincan Su
- Transfusion Medicine Research Department, Yunnan Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Clinical Transfusion Research Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuzhu Yao
- Transfusion Medicine Research Department, Yunnan Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, China
| | - Cai Siqi
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Su P, Yang T, Yao F, Cai S, Deng ZH. Identification of the novel KIR2DL4*036 allele in a Chinese Hani individual. HLA 2019; 94:182-184. [PMID: 31069992 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR2DL4*036 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL4*00102 by a single missense mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pincan Su
- Transfusion Medicine Research Department, Yunnan Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, China
| | - Tonghua Yang
- Department of Hematology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Fuzhu Yao
- Transfusion Medicine Research Department, Yunnan Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, China
| | - Siqi Cai
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are bone marrow-derived large granular lymphocytes defined by CD3negCD56pos and represent 5% to 25% of peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction of the healthy humans. NK cells have a highly specific and sophisticated target cell recognition receptor system arbitrated by the integration of signals triggered by a multitude of inhibitory and activating receptors. Human NK cells express distinct families of receptors, including (1) killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors, (2) killer cell lectin-like receptors, (3) leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors, and (4) natural cytotoxicity receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raja Rajalingam
- Department of Surgery, Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, University of California San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite 150, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Su P, Yang T, Ma H, Zhang G, Deng ZH. Characterization of the novel KIR2DL4*037 allele identified in a Chinese Hani individual. HLA 2019; 94:184-185. [PMID: 31044496 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR2DL4*037 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL4*00501 by a single missense mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pincan Su
- Transfusion Medicine Research Department, Yunnan Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, China
| | - Tonghua Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Haili Ma
- Transfusion Medicine Research Department, Yunnan Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, China
| | - Guobin Zhang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Su P, Yang T, Ma H, Zhang G, Deng ZH. Description of the novel KIR2DL4*00603 allele identified in a Chinese Hani individual. HLA 2019; 94:181-182. [PMID: 31041847 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR2DL4*00603 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL4*00602 by a silent mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pincan Su
- Transfusion Medicine Research Department, Yunnan Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, China
| | - Tonghua Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Haili Ma
- Transfusion Medicine Research Department, Yunnan Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, China
| | - Guobin Zhang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Huang X, Zhao J, Siqi C, Deng ZH. Characterization of the novel KIR3DL3*062 allele identified in a Southern Chinese Han individual. HLA 2019; 94:93-94. [PMID: 30945449 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR3DL3*062 allele differs from the closest allele KIR3DL3*02602 by a single missense mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosheng Huang
- Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cai Siqi
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Deng ZH, Zhang G, Cai S. Description of the novel KIR3DL3*063 allele identified in a Southern Chinese Han individual. HLA 2019; 94:95-96. [PMID: 30941914 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR3DL3*063 allele differs from the closest allele KIR3DL3*04802 by a single missense mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guobin Zhang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Siqi Cai
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cai S, Zhang G, Deng ZH. Identification of the novel KIR3DL3*02602 allele from a southern Chinese Han individual. HLA 2019; 94:92-93. [PMID: 30941923 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The novel KIR3DL3*02602 allele differs from the closest allele KIR3DL3*02601 by a single silent mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Cai
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guobin Zhang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li Q, Liu S, Zhang S, Liu C, Sun M, Li C, Zhang X, Chen J, Yao Y, Shi L. Human leucocyte antigen but not KIR alleles and haplotypes associated with chronic HCV infection in a Chinese Han population. Int J Immunogenet 2019; 46:263-273. [PMID: 30932338 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The host immune system plays a key role in the elimination of infected cells which depend on killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules and their combinations. To evaluate the roles of HLAclass I, KIR genes and their combination in Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (CHC), a total of 301 CHCs and 239 controls in a Chinese Han population were included for HLA and KIR genotyping using next-generation sequencing and multiplex PCR sequence-specific priming, respectively. The allele frequency of HLA-C*08:01 was significantly higher in the CHCs than that of the controls (0.088 vs. 0.040, OR = 2.332, 95%CI: 1.361-3.996, p = 0.022), while the frequencies of B*13:01 (0.032 vs. 0.084, OR = 0.357, 95%CI: 0.204-0.625, p = 0.009) and C*08:04 (0.008 vs. 0.038, OR = 0.214, 95%CI: 0.079-0.581, p = 0.022) were significantly lower in the CHCs. The frequencies of haplotype A*11:01-C*08:01 were higher in the CHCs (0.058 vs. 0.019, OR = 3.096, 95%CI: 1.486-6.452, p = 0.026), while haplotype B*13:01-C*03:04 were lower in the CHCs compared to the controls (0.028 vs. 0.071, OR = 0.377, 95%CI: 0.207-0.685, p = 0.012). No association of CHC with KIR genes, genotypes, or haplotypes, as well as HLA/KIR combinations was observed. Our results indicated that HLA-C*08:01 was a risk factor for CHC, while HLA-C*08:04 and HLA-B*13:01 were protective factors against CHC. Haplotypes HLA-A*11:01-C*08:01 could increase susceptibility to CHC, while HLA-B*13:01-C*03:04 could be protective against CHC in the Chinese Han population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiongfen Li
- Division for Expended Program of Immunization of Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Shuyuan Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | | | - Chengxiu Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Mingbo Sun
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Chuanyin Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Li Shi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jia J, Lin KQ, Huang K, Dai JJ, Yang ZQ. Characterization of the novel KIR3DL1*0150213 and KIR3DL1*112 alleles using sequence-based typing. HLA 2019; 94:90-92. [PMID: 30884129 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
KIR3DL1*0150213 differs from KIR3DL1*0150211 at 15 nucleotide positions. KIR3DL1*112 differs from KIR3DL1*03101 at 19 nucleotide substitutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Ke-Qin Lin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Jie-Jie Dai
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao-Qing Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
The IMGT/HLA Database has provided a repository for information regarding polymorphism in the genes of the immune system since 1998. In 2003, it was absorbed into the Immuno Polymorphism Database (IPD). The IPD project has enabled us to create and maintain a platform for curating and publishing locus-specific databases which are either involved directly with, or relate to, the function of the Major Histocompatibility Complex across a number of species. In collaboration with specialist groups and nomenclature committees individual sections have been curated prior to their submission to the IPD for online publication. The IPD consists of five core databases, with the primary database being the IMGT/HLA Database. With the work of various nomenclature committees, the HLA Informatics Group, and alongside the European Bioinformatics Institute, we provide access to this data through the website ( http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ipd/ ) to the public domain. The IPD project continually develops new tools in conjunction with on-going scientific developments-such as Next-Generation Sequencing-to maintain efficiency and usability in response to user feedback and requests. The website is updated on a regular basis to ensure that new and confirmatory sequences are distributed to the immunogenetics community, as well as the wider research and clinical communities.
Collapse
|
46
|
Aghaei H, Mostafaei S, Aslani S, Jamshidi A, Mahmoudi M. Association study between KIR polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis disease: an updated meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:24. [PMID: 30696403 PMCID: PMC6352331 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Currently published studies investigating association between the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) reported inconsistent and contradictory results. Hence, we aim to carry out this comprehensive meta-analysis of all eligible studies meeting the inclusion criteria to achieve precise and comprehensive relationships between genetic variations in KIR gene cluster and risk of RA. Methods Databases of Medline/PubMed and Scopus were searched to investigate case-control studies prior to May 2018. The associations between KIR gene polymorphisms and RA susceptibility were analyzed by computing the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for each study. Results A total of 11 comparative case-control studies involving 1847 RA patients and 2409 healthy individuals were included in this meta-analysis. Four significant associations of 2DL3 (OR = 0.591, 95% CI = 0.351–0.994; P = 0.047), 2DL5 (OR = 0.716, 95% CI = 0.601–0.853; P < 0.001), 2DS5 (OR = 0.623, 95% CI = 0.393–0.988; P = 0.045), and 3DL3 (OR = 0.324, 95% CI = 0.129–0.814; P = 0.016) genes with decreased RA risk were discovered in this meta-analysis. Although, other KIR receptors including 2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL4, 3DL1, 3DL2, 3DS1, 2DS1-2DS4, and two pseudo gens of 2DP1 and 3DP1 displayed no significant association with predisposition to RA. Conclusions These findings provide reliable evidence that 2DL3, 2DL5, 3DL3, and 2DS5 might have a potential protective role for RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Aghaei
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1411713137, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Mostafaei
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1411713137, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1411713137, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1411713137, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor 2DS2 (KIR2DS2), KIR2DL2-HLA-C1, and KIR2DL3 as Genetic Markers for Stratifying the Risk of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030546. [PMID: 30696053 PMCID: PMC6387393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains a major problem in kidney transplant recipients, resulting in serious infectious complications and occasionally mortality. Accumulating evidence indicates that natural killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their ligands affect the susceptibility to various diseases, including viral infections (e.g., CMV infection). We investigated whether KIR genes and their ligands affect the occurrence of CMV infection in a group of 138 kidney transplant recipients who were observed for 720 days posttransplantation. We typed the recipients for the presence of KIR genes (human leukocyte antigen C1 [HLA-C1], HLA-C2, HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR1) by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. The multivariate analysis revealed that the lack of KIR2DS2 (p = 0.035), the presence of KIR2DL3 (p = 0.075), and the presence of KIR2DL2–HLA-C1 (p = 0.044) were risk factors for posttransplant CMV infection. We also found that a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.036), an earlier time of antiviral prophylaxis initiation (p = 0.025), lymphocytopenia (p = 0.012), and pretransplant serostatus (donor-positive/recipient-negative; p = 0.042) were independent risk factors for posttransplant CMV infection. In conclusion, our findings confirm that the KIR/HLA genotype plays a significant role in anti-CMV immunity and suggest the contribution of both environmental and genetic factors to the incidence of CMV infection after kidney transplantation.
Collapse
|
48
|
Mhandire K, Zijenah LS, Tshabalala M, Yindom LM, Mlambo T, Mhandire DZ, Musarurwa C, Duri K, Rowland-Jones S, Dandara C, Stray-Pedersen B. KIR and HLA-C Genetic Polymorphisms Influence Plasma IP-10 Concentration in Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive HIV-Infected Adult Zimbabweans. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2019; 23:111-118. [PMID: 30614763 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2018.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Past studies on the relationship between Killer cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) and Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genetic variation and chronic immune activation (CIA) in HIV infection are not uniformly consistent. Moreover, interferon-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) is a soluble biomarker of immune activation, with high plasma concentrations predicting accelerated disease progression in HIV infection. Thus, we investigated the association of KIR and HLA-C genetic polymorphisms with plasma IP-10 concentration in 183 treatment-naive chronically HIV-infected adults of Bantu origin from Zimbabwe. KIR genetic variation was determined using allele-specific primer PCR while HLA-C typing was characterized by sequencing. Plasma IP-10 was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The KIR2DL3 gene was significantly associated with CIA as observed from IP-10 concentrations among KIR2DL3 carriers (265.20 pg/mL, IQR: 179.99-385.19) compared with KIR2DL3 noncarriers (183.56 pg/mL; IQR: 110.98-230.81; p = 0.001) and among KIR2DL3+HLA-C2 carriers (226.23 pg/mL, IQR: 187.96-394.73) compared with KIR2DL3+HLA-C2 noncarriers (212.86 pg/mL, IQR: 160.15-344.99; p = 0.017), respectively. Similarly, IP-10 concentrations were significantly higher (p = 0.030) in the KIR3DS1 carriers (313.86 pg/mL, IQR: 230.05-469.20) compared with KIR3DS1 noncarriers (246.01 pg/mL, IQR: 169.58-373.32). Thus, KIR and HLA-C could be playing important roles in HIV-associated immune activation. The elevation of IP-10 in KIR2DL3 and KIR2DL3+C2 could potentially be explained by increased IFN-γ secretion from activated NK cell activation due to the absence of KIR2DL3's cognate C1 ligand. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on a potential link between KIR and HLA-C genetic determinants and plasma IP-10 concentration in this population sample. Future studies are called for in other world populations for biomarkers of disease progression and mechanisms of IP-10 variability in HIV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kudakwashe Mhandire
- 1 Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
- 2 Letten Foundation Research House, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Lynn Sodai Zijenah
- 3 Department of Immunology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Mqondisi Tshabalala
- 3 Department of Immunology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Louis-Marie Yindom
- 4 Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tommy Mlambo
- 3 Department of Immunology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Doreen Zvipo Mhandire
- 1 Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
- 2 Letten Foundation Research House, Harare, Zimbabwe
- 5 Division of Human Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cuthbert Musarurwa
- 1 Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Kerina Duri
- 3 Department of Immunology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Sarah Rowland-Jones
- 4 Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Collet Dandara
- 5 Division of Human Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Babill Stray-Pedersen
- 2 Letten Foundation Research House, Harare, Zimbabwe
- 6 Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Women's Clinic, Rikshospitalet, University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang HD, Jin XY, Guo YX, Zhang Q, Zhang YW, Wang X, Zhu BF. KIR gene presence/absence polymorphisms and global diversity in the Kirgiz ethnic minority and populations distributed worldwide. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:1043-1055. [PMID: 30603950 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor genes expressed by the natural killer cells and T cells of some subclasses are one of the very diversity and complex gene families on chromosome 19q13.4 which play key developmental role in the fight against viral infections, malignantly transformed cells and so on in the first line. As potential markers, KIRs have received more and more attention for some infections and diseases which have some clinical outcomes. In addition, the KIRs are diverse in different populations due to the distinctive alleles and haplotypes, may contribute to understand the genetic relationships among populations. To data, there is no report on the KIR gene polymorphism of the Kirgiz ethnic minority. The purpose of this paper is to determine the KIR gene diversity: KIR gene presence/absence polymorphisms, haplotype/genotype polymorphisms and these polymorphisms between populations distributed worldwide. In this study, we have genotyped the 19 KIR genes: KIR2DL1-4, 2DL5A, 2DL5B, 2DS1-3, 2DS4*FUL, 2DS4*DEL, 2DS5, 3DL1-3, 3DS1, 2DP1, 3DP1*FUL and 3DP1*DEL, and two unique genotypes are found in two Kirgiz individuals. The PCA plot, Neighbor-Joining tree analysis and MDS plot are conducted and the groups of the same language family gather together basically. KIR gene diversity study of populations distributed in different parts of the world. shows that KIRs can be used as a supplement for human genetic researches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.,Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ye Jin
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wei Zhang
- Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Feng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jia J, Lin K, Sun H, Dai JJ, Yang ZQ. Identification of two novel KIR3DL1 subtypes, KIR3DL1*0010104 and KIR3DL1*0010105. HLA 2018; 93:138-139. [PMID: 30582293 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
KIR3DL1*0010104 and KIR3DL1*0010105 share a common 4 bp deletion in their intron 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jia
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medical Biology, Kunming, China
| | - Keqin Lin
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medical Biology, Kunming, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medical Biology, Kunming, China
| | - Jie-Jie Dai
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medical Biology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao-Qing Yang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medical Biology, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|