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Feng X, Yang L, Liu X, Liu M, Liu L, Liu J, Luo J. Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 29 drives chronic myeloid leukemia progression via microRNA-483-3p/Casitas B-lineage Lymphoma axis-mediated activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:60. [PMID: 38252204 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The aberrant expression of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 29 (SNHG29) has been associated with various human cancers. However, the role of SNHG29 in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) remains elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the function of SNHG29 in CML and unveil its potential underlying mechanisms. Herein, peripheral blood samples from 44 CML patients and 17 healthy subjects were collected. The expressions of SNHG29, microRNA-483-3p (miR-483-3p), and Casitas B-lineage Lymphoma (CBL) were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) or Western Blot. Cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression were evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation, and flow cytometry, respectively. Western Blot analysis was employed to assess protein expressions related to cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and oncogenesis. RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays were utilized to verify the interactions among SNHG29, miR-483-3p, and CBL. SNHG29 was significantly overexpressed in both blood samples of CML patients and CML cell lines. In CML, increased expression of SNHG29 was positively correlated with clinical staging, and patients with high SNHG29 expression had poorer survival outcomes. Functionally, knocking down SNHG29 effectively inhibited CML cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Mechanistically, SNHG29 acted as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-483-3p to modulate CBL expression, thereby activating the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt signaling pathway and mediating CML progression. In summary, these findings reveal that SNHG29 promotes tumorigenesis in CML, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for CML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- XueFeng Feng
- Department of Second Ward of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Second Ward of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Second Ward of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Menghan Liu
- Department of Second Ward of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Second Ward of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Second Ward of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - JianMin Luo
- Department of Second Ward of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050000, Hebei, China.
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Bashiri H, Tabatabaeian H. Autophagy: A Potential Therapeutic Target to Tackle Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076019. [PMID: 37046991 PMCID: PMC10094562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent hematologic malignancy. In the past few years, the survival of MM patients has increased due to the emergence of novel drugs and combination therapies. Nevertheless, one of the significant obstacles in treating most MM patients is drug resistance, especially for individuals who have experienced relapses or developed resistance to such cutting-edge treatments. One of the critical processes in developing drug resistance in MM is autophagic activity, an intracellular self-digestive process. Several possible strategies of autophagy involvement in the induction of MM-drug resistance have been demonstrated thus far. In multiple myeloma, it has been shown that High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1)-dependent autophagy can contribute to drug resistance. Moreover, activation of autophagy via proteasome suppression induces drug resistance. Additionally, the effectiveness of clarithromycin as a supplemental drug in treating MM has been reported recently, in which autophagy blockage is proposed as one of the potential action mechanisms of CAM. Thus, a promising therapeutic approach that targets autophagy to trigger the death of MM cells and improve drug susceptibility could be considered. In this review, autophagy has been addressed as a survival strategy crucial for drug resistance in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Bashiri
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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Review on Bortezomib Resistance in Multiple Myeloma and Potential Role of Emerging Technologies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010111. [PMID: 36678608 PMCID: PMC9864669 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematological cancer type. For its treatment, Bortezomib has been widely used. However, drug resistance to this effective chemotherapeutic has been developed for various reasons. 2D cell cultures and animal models have failed to understand the MM disease and Bortezomib resistance. It is therefore essential to utilize new technologies to reveal a complete molecular profile of the disease. In this review, we in-depth examined the possible molecular mechanisms that cause Bortezomib resistance and specifically addressed MM and Bortezomib resistance. Moreover, we also included the use of nanoparticles, 3D culture methods, microfluidics, and organ-on-chip devices in multiple myeloma. We also discussed whether the emerging technology offers the necessary tools to understand and prevent Bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma. Despite the ongoing research activities on MM, the related studies cannot provide a complete summary of MM. Nanoparticle and 3D culturing have been frequently used to understand MM disease and Bortezomib resistance. However, the number of microfluidic devices for this application is insufficient. By combining siRNA/miRNA technologies with microfluidic devices, a complete molecular genetic profile of MM disease could be revealed. Microfluidic chips should be used clinically in personal therapy and point-of-care applications. At least with Bortezomib microneedles, it could be ensured that MM patients can go through the treatment process more painlessly. This way, MM can be switched to the curable cancer type list, and Bortezomib can be targeted for its treatment with fewer side effects.
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Aksoy O, Lind J, Sunder-Plaßmann V, Vallet S, Podar K. Bone marrow microenvironment- induced regulation of Bcl-2 family members in multiple myeloma (MM): Therapeutic implications. Cytokine 2023; 161:156062. [PMID: 36332463 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In Multiple Myeloma (MM) the finely tuned homeostasis of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment is disrupted. Evasion of programmed cell death (apoptosis) represents a hallmark of cancer. Besides genetic aberrations, the supportive and protective MM BM milieu, which is constituted by cytokines and growth factors, intercellular and cell: extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and exosomes, in particular, plays a key role in the abundance of pro-survival members of the Bcl-2 family (i.e., Mcl-1, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL) in tumor cells. Moreover, microenvironmental cues have also an impact on stability- regulating post-translational modifications of anti-apoptotic proteins including de/phosphorylation, polyubiquitination; on their intracellular binding affinities, and localization. Advances of our molecular knowledge on the escape of cancer cells from apoptosis have informed the development of a new class of small molecules that mimic the action of BH3-only proteins. Indeed, approaches to directly target anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members are among today's most promising therapeutic strategies and BH3-mimetics (i.e., venetoclax) are currently revolutionizing not only the treatment of CLL and AML, but also hold great therapeutic promise in MM. Furthermore, approaches that activate apoptotic pathways indirectly via modification of the tumor microenvironment have already entered clinical practice. The present review article will summarize our up-to-date knowledge on molecular mechanisms by which the MM BM microenvironment, cytokines, and growth factors in particular, mediates tumor cell evasion from apoptosis. Moreover, it will discuss some of the most promising science- derived therapeutic strategies to overcome Bcl-2- mediated tumor cell survival in order to further improve MM patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Aksoy
- Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Judith Lind
- Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Vincent Sunder-Plaßmann
- Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Sonia Vallet
- Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Hospital Krems, Mitterweg 10, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Klaus Podar
- Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Hospital Krems, Mitterweg 10, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria.
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Inflammatory Cytokines and Radiotherapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123215. [PMID: 36551971 PMCID: PMC9775272 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a therapeutic challenge in clinical oncology. Surgery is the only potentially curative treatment. However, the majority of PDAC patients present with locally advanced/unresectable or metastatic disease, where palliative multiagent chemotherapy is the first-line treatment with the therapeutic intent to delay progression and prolong survival. For locally advanced/unresectable pancreatic cancer patients who are treated with chemotherapy, consolidative radiotherapy in the form concurrent chemoradiation or stereotactic ablative radiotherapy improves locoregional control and pain/symptom control. To improve clinical outcomes of PDAC patients, there is a dire need for discoveries that will shed more light on the pathophysiology of the disease and lead to the development of more efficacious treatment strategies. Inflammatory cytokines are known to play a role in mediating tumor progression, chemoresistance, and radioresistance in PDAC. A PubMed search on published articles related to radiotherapy, inflammatory cytokines, and pancreatic cancer patients in the English language was performed. This article primarily focuses on reviewing the clinical literature that examines the association of inflammatory cytokines with clinical outcomes and the effects of radiotherapy on inflammatory cytokines in PDAC patients.
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Nair R, Gupta P, Shanmugam M. Mitochondrial metabolic determinants of multiple myeloma growth, survival, and therapy efficacy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1000106. [PMID: 36185202 PMCID: PMC9523312 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by the clonal proliferation of antibody producing plasma cells. Despite the use of next generation proteasome inhibitors (PI), immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs) and immunotherapy, the development of therapy refractory disease is common, with approximately 20% of MM patients succumbing to aggressive treatment-refractory disease within 2 years of diagnosis. A large emphasis is placed on understanding inter/intra-tumoral genetic, epigenetic and transcriptomic changes contributing to relapsed/refractory disease, however, the contribution of cellular metabolism and intrinsic/extrinsic metabolites to therapy sensitivity and resistance mechanisms is less well understood. Cancer cells depend on specific metabolites for bioenergetics, duplication of biomass and redox homeostasis for growth, proliferation, and survival. Cancer therapy, importantly, largely relies on targeting cellular growth, proliferation, and survival. Thus, understanding the metabolic changes intersecting with a drug's mechanism of action can inform us of methods to elicit deeper responses and prevent acquired resistance. Knowledge of the Warburg effect and elevated aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells, including MM, has allowed us to capitalize on this phenomenon for diagnostics and prognostics. The demonstration that mitochondria play critical roles in cancer development, progression, and therapy sensitivity despite the inherent preference of cancer cells to engage aerobic glycolysis has re-invigorated deeper inquiry into how mitochondrial metabolism regulates tumor biology and therapy efficacy. Mitochondria are the sole source for coupled respiration mediated ATP synthesis and a key source for the anabolic synthesis of amino acids and reducing equivalents. Beyond their core metabolic activities, mitochondria facilitate apoptotic cell death, impact the activation of the cytosolic integrated response to stress, and through nuclear and cytosolic retrograde crosstalk maintain cell fitness and survival. Here, we hope to shed light on key mitochondrial functions that shape MM development and therapy sensitivity.
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Li Y, Liu M, Yang K, Tian J. 6,6′-Bieckol induces apoptosis and suppresses TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small lung cancer cells. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 14:254-262. [PMID: 36117661 PMCID: PMC9476679 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, the aim was to investigate the inhibitory effect of 6,6′-bieckol on the migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and explore its potential molecular mechanisms. Methods Cell migration was measured using a CCK8, wound healing, and transwell migration assay. Apoptosis was determined using an Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to examine the expression level of apoptosis-related proteins and EMT marker proteins. Results The results showed that 6,6′-bieckol inhibited migration and induced apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, 6,6′-bieckol had significantly up-regulated the E-cadherin and down-regulated Snail1 and Twist1 transcriptional levels. 6,6′-Bieckol might inhibit TGF-β-induced EMT by down-regulating Snail1 and Twist1 and up-regulating E-cadherin in lung cancer cells. Conclusion It is suggested that 6,6′-bieckol has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic candidate for lung cancer.
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Vasco-Mogorrón MA, Campillo JA, Periago A, Cabañas V, Berenguer M, García-Garay MC, Gimeno L, Soto-Ramírez MF, Martínez-Hernández MD, Muro M, Minguela A. Proliferation to Apoptosis Tumor Cell Ratio as a Biomarker to Improve Clinical Management of Pre-Malignant and Symptomatic Plasma Cell Neoplasms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083895. [PMID: 33918790 PMCID: PMC8068942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferation and apoptosis of neoplastic cells are prognostic biomarkers in plasma cell neoplasms (PCNs). The prognostic capacity of proliferation to apoptosis ratio (Ratio-PA) in the era of immunomodulatory treatments is re-evaluated in 316 gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), 57 smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), and 266 multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Ratio-PA of 0.77 ± 0.12, 1.94 ± 0.52, and 11.2 ± 0.7 (p < 0.0001) were observed in MGUS, SMM, and MM patients. Ten-year overall survival (10y-OS) rates for patients with low/high Ratio-PA were 93.5%/77.3% p < 0.0001) for MGUS, 82.5%/64.7% (p < 0.05) for SMM, and 62.3%/47.0% (p < 0.05) for MM. For patients with low, intermediate, and high risk, 10y-OS for low/high Ratio-PA were 95.5%/72.9% (p < 0.0001), 74.2%/50.4% (p < 0.0001), and 35.3%/20.0% (p = 0.836), respectively. Ratio-PA was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR = 2.119, p < 0.0001, Harrell-C-statistic = 0.7440 ± 0.0194) when co-analyzed with sex, age, and standard risk. In patients with Ratio-PAhigh, only first-line therapy with VRd/VTd, but not PAD/VCD, coupled with ASCT was associated with high 10y-OS (82.7%). Tumor cell Ratio-PA estimated at diagnosis offers a prognostic biomarker that complements standard risk stratification and helps to guide the clinical management of pre-malignant and symptomatic PCNs. Every effort should be made to provide first-line therapies including VTd or VRd associated with ASCT to patients with Ratio-PAhigh at higher risk of progression and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A. Vasco-Mogorrón
- Immunology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrrixaca (HCUVA), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.V.-M.); (J.A.C.); (L.G.); (M.F.S.-R.); (M.D.M.-H.); (M.M.)
| | - José A. Campillo
- Immunology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrrixaca (HCUVA), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.V.-M.); (J.A.C.); (L.G.); (M.F.S.-R.); (M.D.M.-H.); (M.M.)
| | - Adela Periago
- Hematology Service, General University Hospital Rafael Méndez, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30813 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Valentin Cabañas
- Hematology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrrixaca (HCUVA), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (V.C.); (M.C.G.-G.)
| | - Mercedes Berenguer
- Hematology Service, General University Hospital Santa Lucía, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30202 Murcia, Spain;
| | - María C. García-Garay
- Hematology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrrixaca (HCUVA), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (V.C.); (M.C.G.-G.)
| | - Lourdes Gimeno
- Immunology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrrixaca (HCUVA), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.V.-M.); (J.A.C.); (L.G.); (M.F.S.-R.); (M.D.M.-H.); (M.M.)
- Human Anatomy Department, Medicine Faculty, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia University, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - María F. Soto-Ramírez
- Immunology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrrixaca (HCUVA), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.V.-M.); (J.A.C.); (L.G.); (M.F.S.-R.); (M.D.M.-H.); (M.M.)
| | - María D. Martínez-Hernández
- Immunology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrrixaca (HCUVA), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.V.-M.); (J.A.C.); (L.G.); (M.F.S.-R.); (M.D.M.-H.); (M.M.)
| | - Manuel Muro
- Immunology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrrixaca (HCUVA), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.V.-M.); (J.A.C.); (L.G.); (M.F.S.-R.); (M.D.M.-H.); (M.M.)
| | - Alfredo Minguela
- Immunology Service, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrrixaca (HCUVA), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.V.-M.); (J.A.C.); (L.G.); (M.F.S.-R.); (M.D.M.-H.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Kumar SK, Harrison SJ, Cavo M, de la Rubia J, Popat R, Gasparetto C, Hungria V, Salwender H, Suzuki K, Kim I, Punnoose EA, Hong WJ, Freise KJ, Yang X, Sood A, Jalaluddin M, Ross JA, Ward JE, Maciag PC, Moreau P. Venetoclax or placebo in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (BELLINI): a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21:1630-1642. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Pinto V, Bergantim R, Caires HR, Seca H, Guimarães JE, Vasconcelos MH. Multiple Myeloma: Available Therapies and Causes of Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E407. [PMID: 32050631 PMCID: PMC7072128 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common blood cancer. Treatments for MM include corticosteroids, alkylating agents, anthracyclines, proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, histone deacetylase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. Survival outcomes have improved substantially due to the introduction of many of these drugs allied with their rational use. Nonetheless, MM patients successively relapse after one or more treatment regimens or become refractory, mostly due to drug resistance. This review focuses on the main drugs used in MM treatment and on causes of drug resistance, including cytogenetic, genetic and epigenetic alterations, abnormal drug transport and metabolism, dysregulation of apoptosis, autophagy activation and other intracellular signaling pathways, the presence of cancer stem cells, and the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we highlight the areas that need to be further clarified in an attempt to identify novel therapeutic targets to counteract drug resistance in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Pinto
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FCTUC–Faculty of Science and Technology of the University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Bergantim
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Hematology, Hospital São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo R. Caires
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Seca
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - José E. Guimarães
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Hematology, Hospital São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Helena Vasconcelos
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (V.P.); (R.B.); (H.R.C.); (H.S.); (J.E.G.)
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP-Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Strainic MG, Pohlmann E, Valley CC, Sammeta A, Hussain W, Lidke DS, Medof ME. RTK signaling requires C3ar1/C5ar1 and IL-6R joint signaling to repress dominant PTEN, SOCS1/3 and PHLPP restraint. FASEB J 2019; 34:2105-2125. [PMID: 31908021 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900677r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
How receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) growth signaling is controlled physiologically is incompletely understood. We have previously provided evidence that the survival and mitotic activities of vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) signaling are dependent on C3a/C5a receptor (C3ar1/C5ar1) and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R)-gp130 joint signaling in a physically interactive platform. Herein, we document that the platelet derived and epidermal growth factor receptors (PDGFR and EGFR) are regulated by the same interconnection and clarify the mechanism underlying the dependence. We show that the joint signaling is required to overcome dominant restraint on RTK function by the combined repression of tonically activated PHLPP, SOCS1/SOCS3, and CK2/Fyn dependent PTEN. Signaling studies showed that augmented PI-3Kɣ activation is the process that overcomes the multilevel growth restraint. Live-cell flow cytometry and single-particle tracking indicated that blockade of C3ar1/C5ar1 or IL-6R signaling suppresses RTK growth factor binding and RTK complex formation. C3ar1/C5ar1 blockade abrogated growth signaling of four additional RTKs. Active relief of dominant growth repression via joint C3ar1/C5ar1 and IL-6R joint signaling thus enables RTK mitotic/survival signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Strainic
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Elliot Pohlmann
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christopher C Valley
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Ajay Sammeta
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Wasim Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Diane S Lidke
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - M Edward Medof
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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12
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Fang Y, Xu R, Zhai B, Hou C, Ma N, Wang L, Han G, Jiang Z, Wang R. Gm40600 suppressed SP 2/0 isograft tumor by reducing Blimp1 and Xbp1 proteins. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:700. [PMID: 31311517 PMCID: PMC6636126 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by cancerous proliferation of plasmablasts (PB) and plasma cells (PC), remains incurable in many patients. Differentially expressed molecules between MM PCs and healthy PCs have been explored in order to identify novel targets for treating MM. In the present study, we searched for novel MM therapeutic targets by comparing mRNA expression patterns between the Mus musculus myeloma plasmablast-like SP 2/0 cell line and LPS-induced PB/PC. Methods Gene expression profiles of LPS-induced PB/PC and SP 2/0 cells were determined using RNA-sequencing. A predicted gene (Gm40600) was found to be expressed at a low level in SP 2/0 cells. To study the role of Gm40600 in malignant PC, Gm40600 cDNA was cloned into a lentiviral vector (LV201) containing a puromycin selectable marker that was then transfected into SP 2/0 cells. Stable Gm40600-expressing SP 2/0 cells were selected using puromycin. The effect of Gm40600 on SP 2/0 cell proliferation, cell cycle/apoptosis, and tumor progression was assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), flow cytometry (FACS), and the SP 2/0 isograft mouse model, respectively. The effect of Gm40600 on mRNA and protein expression was evaluated by RNA-sequencing and western blotting, respectively. Results We found that SP 2/0 cells expressed lower level of Gm40600 mRNA as compared to LPS-induced PB/PC. Overexpression of Gm40600 significantly suppressed SP 2/0 cell proliferation and isograft tumor progression in an isograft mouse model by promoting apoptosis. In addition, Gm40600 overexpression suppressed transcription of the gene encoding Bcl2. Gm40600 overexpression also reduced the expression of PC-associated transcription factors Blimp1 and Xbp1, which promote transcription of the gene that encodes Bcl2. Conclusions Gm40600 reduced SP 2/0 cell proliferation and isograft tumor growth and progression by suppressing Blimp1 and Xbp1-mediated Bcl2 transcription to induce apoptosis. Thus, regulation of a human homolog of Gm40600, or associated factors, may be a potential therapeutic approach for treating MM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5848-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 130 (3), Taiping Road #27, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ruonan Xu
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 130 (3), Taiping Road #27, Beijing, 100850, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bing Zhai
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 130 (3), Taiping Road #27, Beijing, 100850, China.,Department of Geriatric Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chunmei Hou
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 130 (3), Taiping Road #27, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Gencheng Han
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 130 (3), Taiping Road #27, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhenyu Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Renxi Wang
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 130 (3), Taiping Road #27, Beijing, 100850, China.
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13
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Wolff C, Zoschke C, Kalangi SK, Reddanna P, Schäfer-Korting M. Tumor microenvironment determines drug efficacy in vitro - apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of 15-lipoxygenase metabolite, 13-HpOTrE. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:1-7. [PMID: 31176725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies using 3D scaffolds have emphasized the importance of the surrounding stroma on chemoresistance in drug efficacy screenings. Since 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolites reduced growth of breast, colon, prostate, lung and leukemia cancer cells in 2D cell culture, we were intrigued by the direct comparison of 15-LOX metabolite efficacy in 2D and 3D culture including a stroma equivalent. Herein, we studied the effects of 15-LOX metabolites 13-HpOTrE, 13-HpODE, and 15-HpETE on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. All metabolites reduced the viability of cancer cells in 2D culture below 10% at 100 µM of each substance. 13-HpOTrE, being the most active agent with respect to cytotoxicity and apoptosis was selected for further experiments. Other than with the 2D culture, we did not obverse cell death, neither from lactate dehydrogenase release, nor from morphology when applying 13-HpOTrE onto the surface of the 3D tumor constructs for one week. Next, we investigated the protein expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, for which the ligand is 13-HpOTrE, and Bcl-2 protein, an apoptosis regulator, but did not find any change following 13-HpOTrE administration. However, 13-HpOTrE treatment reduced the release of interleukin-6, bringing it closer to the level of tumor-free constructs. In conclusion, 13-HpOTrE reduces viability of skin cancer cells in 2D cultures only but modulates inflammatory cytokine levels in the corresponding 3D tumor constructs, too. These studies highlight the need for screening of anticancer drugs employing 3D tumors and including tumor microenvironment in the screening process to increase the low success rate of clinical trials in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Wolff
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology & Toxicology), Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Zoschke
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology & Toxicology), Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Suresh Kumar Kalangi
- University of Hyderabad, Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- University of Hyderabad, Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Monika Schäfer-Korting
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology & Toxicology), Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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14
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Hwang MS, Strainic MG, Pohlmann E, Kim H, Pluskota E, Ramirez-Bergeron DL, Plow EF, Medof ME. VEGFR2 survival and mitotic signaling depends on joint activation of associated C3ar1/C5ar1 and IL-6R-gp130. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.219352. [PMID: 30765465 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.219352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purified vascular endothelial cell (EC) growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) auto-phosphorylates upon VEGF-A occupation in vitro, arguing that VEGR2 confers its mitotic and viability signaling in and of itself. Herein, we show that, in ECs, VEGFR2 function requires concurrent C3a/C5a receptor (C3ar1/C5ar1) and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R)-gp130 co-signaling. C3ar1/C5ar1 or IL-6R blockade totally abolished VEGFR2 auto-phosphorylation, downstream Src, ERK, AKT, mTOR and STAT3 activation, and EC cell cycle entry. VEGF-A augmented production of C3a/C5a/IL-6 and their receptors via a two-step p-Tyk2/p-STAT3 process. Co-immunoprecipitation analyses, confocal microscopy, ligand pulldown and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assays all indicated that the four receptors are physically interactive. Angiogenesis in murine day 5 retinas and in adult tissues was accelerated when C3ar1/C5ar1 signaling was potentiated, but repressed when it was disabled. Thus, C3ar1/C5ar1 and IL-6R-gp130 joint activation is needed to enable physiological VEGFR2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shih Hwang
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Michael G Strainic
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Elliot Pohlmann
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Haesuk Kim
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Elzbieta Pluskota
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH 44195, USA
| | - Diana L Ramirez-Bergeron
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Edward F Plow
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH 44195, USA
| | - M Edward Medof
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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15
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Activation of the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway induces plasma cell mastitis in mice. Cytokine 2018; 110:150-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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16
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Constitutive Activation of STAT3 in Myeloma Cells Cultured in a Three-Dimensional, Reconstructed Bone Marrow Model. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10060206. [PMID: 29914181 PMCID: PMC6024941 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant cells cultured in three-dimensional (3D) models have been found to be phenotypically and biochemically different from their counterparts cultured conventionally. Since most of these studies employed solid tumor types, how 3D culture affects multiple myeloma (MM) cells is not well understood. Here, we compared MM cells (U266 and RPMI8226) in a 3D culture model with those in conventional culture. While the conventionally cultured cells were present in single cells or small clusters, MM-3D cells grew in large spheroids. We discovered that STAT3 was the pathway that was more activated in 3D in both cell lines. The active form of STAT3 (phospho-STAT3 or pSTAT3), which was absent in MM cells cultured conventionally, became detectable after 1–2 days in 3D culture. This elevated pSTAT3 level was dependent on the 3D environment, since it disappeared after transferring to conventional culture. STAT3 inhibition using a pharmacological agent, Stattic, significantly decreased the cell viability of MM cells and sensitized them to bortezomib in 3D culture. Using an oligonucleotide array, we found that 3D culture significantly increased the expression of several known STAT3 downstream genes implicated in oncogenesis. Since most primary MM tumors are naturally STAT3-active, studies of MM in 3D culture can generate results that are more representative of the disease.
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17
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Shanmugam MK, Ahn KS, Lee JH, Kannaiyan R, Mustafa N, Manu KA, Siveen KS, Sethi G, Chng WJ, Kumar AP. Celastrol Attenuates the Invasion and Migration and Augments the Anticancer Effects of Bortezomib in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Multiple Myeloma. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:365. [PMID: 29773987 PMCID: PMC5943600 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that deregulated activation of NF-κB plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of a variety of cancers including multiple myeloma (MM). Therefore, novel molecules that can effectively suppress deregulated NF-κB upregulation can potentially reduce MM growth. In this study, the effect of celastrol (CSL) on patient derived CD138+ MM cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell invasion, and migration was investigated. In addition, we studied whether CSL can potentiate the apoptotic effect of bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor in MM cells and in a xenograft mouse model. We found that CSL significantly reduced cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis when used in combination with bortezomib and upregulated caspase-3 in these cells. CSL also inhibited invasion and migration of MM cells through the suppression of constitutive NF-κB activation and expression of downstream gene products such as CXCR4 and MMP-9. Moreover, CSL when administered either alone or in combination with bortezomib inhibited MM tumor growth and decreased serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Overall, our results suggest that CSL can abrogate MM growth both in vitro and in vivo and may serve as a useful pharmacological agent for the treatment of myeloma and other hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kwang S Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong H Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Radhamani Kannaiyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nurulhuda Mustafa
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kanjoormana A Manu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kodappully S Siveen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee J Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, Singapore.,Medical Sciences Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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18
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Erythropoietin Intensifies the Proapoptotic Activity of LFM-A13 in Cells and in a Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041262. [PMID: 29690619 PMCID: PMC5979332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor LFM-A13 has been widely employed as an antileukemic agent, but applications in solid cancer have been found recently. The compound promotes apoptosis, has an antiproliferative effect, and increases cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. We decided to assess the impact of the simultaneous use of erythropoietin (Epo) and LFM-A13 on signal transduction in colon DLD-1 and HT-29 cells, as well as in tumor xenografts. The induction of apoptosis by Epo and LFM-A-13 in the cells was confirmed by phosphatidylserine externalization, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and modulation of the expression of apoptotic protein BAX and antiapoptotic protein BCL-2 in colon adenocarcinoma cells. Nude mice were inoculated with adenocarcinoma cells and treated with Epo and LFM-A13 in order to evaluate the degree of tumor regression. The simultaneous use of Epo and LFM-A13 severely inhibited cell growth, activated apoptosis, and also inhibited tumor growth in xenografts. The addition of Epo to LFM-A13 intensified the antiproliferative effect of LFM-A13, confirmed by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the accumulation of apoptotic colon cancer cells with externalized phosphatidylserine (PS). These preclinical results suggest that the combination of Epo and LFM-A13 has a high proapoptotic activity and should be tested in the clinic for the treatment of solid tumors such as colon cancer.
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19
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Rossi M, Botta C, Arbitrio M, Grembiale RD, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Mouse models of multiple myeloma: technologic platforms and perspectives. Oncotarget 2018; 9:20119-20133. [PMID: 29732008 PMCID: PMC5929451 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine models of human multiple myeloma (MM) are key tools for the study of disease biology as well as for investigation and selection of novel candidate therapeutics for clinical translation. In the last years, a variety of pre-clinical models have been generated to recapitulate a wide spectrum of biological features of MM. These systems range from spontaneous or transgenic models of murine MM, to subcutaneous or orthothopic xenografts of human MM cell lines in immune compromised animals, to platform allowing the engraftment of primary/bone marrow-dependent MM cells within a human bone marrow milieu to fully recapitulate human disease. Selecting the right model for specific pre-clinical research is essential for the successful completion of investigation. We here review recent and most known pre-clinical murine, transgenic and humanized models of MM, focusing on major advantages and/or weaknesses in the light of different research aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cirino Botta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariamena Arbitrio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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20
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Liu H, Wang H, Wu B, Yao K, Liao A, Miao M, Li Y, Yang W. Down-regulation of long non-coding RNA MALAT1 by RNA interference inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44:1032-1041. [PMID: 28664617 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology; Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Huihan Wang
- Department of Hematology; Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Hematology; Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Kun Yao
- Department of Hematology; Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Aijun Liao
- Department of Hematology; Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Miao Miao
- Department of Hematology; Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Hematology; Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Hematology; Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province China
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21
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Xiang Y, Liao XH, Li JP, Li H, Qin H, Yao A, Yu CX, Hu P, Guo W, Gu CJ, Zhang TC. Myocardin and Stat3 act synergistically to inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99612-99623. [PMID: 29245928 PMCID: PMC5725119 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and Myocardin regulate cardiomyocyte differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. We report a novel aspect of the cellular function of Myocardin and Stat3 in the regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Myocardin and Stat3 showed anti-apoptotic function by increasing the expression of Bcl-2 while reducing expression of the pro-apoptotic genes Bax, Apaf-1, caspase-9, and caspase-3. Moreover, myocardin/Stat3-mediated activation of Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 transcription is contingent on the CArG box. Myocardin and Stat3 synergistically inhibited staurosporine-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by up-regulating expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. These results describe a novel anti-apoptotic Myocardin/Stat3 signaling pathway operating during cardiomyocyte apoptosis. This provides a molecular explanation for cardiomyocyte apoptosis inhibition as a critical component of myocardial protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xiang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Liao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Peng Li
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Huan Qin
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Ao Yao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Xi Yu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Peng Hu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- Shenzhen Ritzcon Biological Technology Co., LTD, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Jiang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Cun Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430081, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
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22
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Zhang Y, Zhou L, Leng Y, Dai Y, Orlowski RZ, Grant S. Positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) is a therapeutic target in human multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:59476-59491. [PMID: 28938651 PMCID: PMC5601747 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the positive RNA Pol II regulator, P-TEFb (positive transcription elongation factor b), in maintenance of the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 and bortezomib (btz) resistance was investigated in human multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Mcl-1 was up-regulated in all MM lines tested, including bortezomib-resistant lines, human MM xenograft mouse models, and primary CD138+ MM cells. Mcl-1 over-expression significantly reduced bortezomib lethality, indicating a functional role for Mcl-1 in bortezomib resistance. MM cell lines, primary MM specimens, and murine xenografts exhibited constitutive P-TEFb activation, manifested by high CTD (carboxy-terminal domain) S2 phosphorylation, associated with a) P-TEFb subunit up-regulation i.e., CDK9 (42 and 55 kDa isoforms) and cyclin T1; and b) marked CDK9 (42 kDa) T186 phosphorylation. In marked contrast, normal hematopoietic cells failed to exhibit up-regulation of p-CTD, CDK9, cyclin T1, or Mcl-1. CDK9 or cyclin T1 shRNA knock-down dramatically inhibited CTD S2 phosphorylation and down-regulated Mcl-1. Moreover, CRISPR-Cas CDK9 knock-out triggered apoptosis in MM cells and dramatically diminished cell growth. Pan-CDK e.g., dinaciclib or alvocidib and selective CDK9 inhibitors (CDK9i) recapitulated the effects of genetic P-TEFb disruption. CDK9 shRNA or CDK9 inhibitors significantly potentiated the susceptibility of MM cells, including bortezomib-resistant cells, to proteasome inhibitors. Analogously, CDK9 or cyclin T1 knock-down or CDK9 inhibitors markedly increased BH3-mimetic lethality in bortezomib-resistant cells. Finally, pan-CDK inhibition reduced human drug-naïve or bortezomib-resistant CD138+ cells and restored bone marrow architecture in vivo. Collectively, these findings implicate constitutive P-TEFb activation in high Mcl-1 maintenance in MM, and validate targeting the P-TEFb complex to circumvent bortezomib-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and The Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Liang Zhou
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and The Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yun Leng
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and The Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA.,Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- Department of Myeloma and Lymphoma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steven Grant
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and The Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA.,Virginia Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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23
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Atretkhany KSN, Drutskaya MS. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Proinflammatory Cytokines as Targets for Cancer Therapy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 81:1274-1283. [PMID: 27914453 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916110055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells represent a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells. Under normal conditions, these cells differentiate into macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes. However, in pathological states such as inflammation, infection, or tumor growth, there is an arrest of their differentiation that results in the accumulation of immature myeloid cells in the organism. In addition, these cells acquire a suppressor phenotype, expressing anti-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and suppress T-cell immune response. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) contribute to cancerogenesis by forming a favorable microenvironment for tumor growth. Proinflammatory cytokines, secreted by tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, induce angiogenesis and metastasis and promote tumor growth. They also provide signals necessary for survival, accumulation, and function of MDSC. Understanding the mechanisms of myeloid suppressor cell development and the use of proinflammatory cytokine inhibitors may prove beneficial for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-S N Atretkhany
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Long noncoding RNA HULC promotes cell proliferation by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia. Gene 2017; 607:41-46. [PMID: 28069548 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HULC is associated with various human cancers. However, the role of HULC in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is unknown. In this study, we found that HULC was remarkably overexpressed in both leukemia cell lines and primary hematopoietic cells derived from CML patients. The increase in HULC expression was positively correlated with clinical stages in CML. Moreover, the knockdown of HULC significantly inhibited CML cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by repressing c-Myc and Bcl-2. Furthermore, inhibition of HULC enhanced imatinib-induced apoptosis of CML cells. Further experiments demonstrated that HULC silencing markedly suppressed the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT, indicating that enhancement of imatinib-induced apoptosis by HULC inhibition is related with the reduction of c-Myc expression and inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway activity. Furthermore, HULC could modulate c-Myc and Bcl-2 by miR-200a as an endogenous sponge. Taken together, these results reveal that HULC promotes oncogenesis in CML and suggest a potential strategy for the CML treatment.
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Korneev KV, Atretkhany KSN, Drutskaya MS, Grivennikov SI, Kuprash DV, Nedospasov SA. TLR-signaling and proinflammatory cytokines as drivers of tumorigenesis. Cytokine 2017; 89:127-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Atretkhany KSN, Drutskaya MS, Nedospasov SA, Grivennikov SI, Kuprash DV. Chemokines, cytokines and exosomes help tumors to shape inflammatory microenvironment. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 168:98-112. [PMID: 27613100 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Relationship between inflammation and cancer is now well-established and represents a paradigm that our immune response does not necessarily serves solely to protect us from infections and cancer. Many specific mechanisms that link chronic inflammation to cancer promotion and metastasis have been uncovered in the recent years. Here we are focusing on the effects that tumors may exert on inflammatory cascades, tuning the immune system ability to cause tumor promotion or regression. In particular, we discuss the contributions of chemokines, cytokines and exosomes to the processes such as induction of inflammation and tumorigenesis. Overall, tumor-elicited inflammation is a key driver of tumor progression and an essential component of tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-S N Atretkhany
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Drutskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Nedospasov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia; German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - S I Grivennikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - D V Kuprash
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia.
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Hamouda MA, Jacquel A, Robert G, Puissant A, Richez V, Cassel R, Fenouille N, Roulland S, Gilleron J, Griessinger E, Dubois A, Bailly-Maitre B, Goncalves D, Mallavialle A, Colosetti P, Marchetti S, Amiot M, Gomez-Bougie P, Rochet N, Deckert M, Avet-Loiseau H, Hofman P, Karsenti JM, Jeandel PY, Blin-Wakkach C, Nadel B, Cluzeau T, Anderson KC, Fuzibet JG, Auberger P, Luciano F. BCL-B (BCL2L10) is overexpressed in patients suffering from multiple myeloma (MM) and drives an MM-like disease in transgenic mice. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1705-22. [PMID: 27455953 PMCID: PMC4995074 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Luciano et al. generate transgenic mice expressing the Bcl-B gene under the control of the VH promoter and Eµ enhancer and show that these mice recapitulate the characteristic features of human MM. Multiple myeloma (MM) evolves from a premalignant condition known as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). However, the factors underlying the malignant transformation of plasmocytes in MM are not fully characterized. We report here that Eµ-directed expression of the antiapoptotic Bcl-B protein in mice drives an MM phenotype that reproduces accurately the human disease. Indeed, with age, Eµ-bcl-b transgenic mice develop the characteristic features of human MM, including bone malignant plasma cell infiltration, a monoclonal immunoglobulin peak, immunoglobulin deposit in renal tubules, and highly characteristic bone lytic lesions. In addition, the tumors are serially transplantable in irradiated wild-type mice, underlying the tumoral origin of the disease. Eµ-bcl-b plasmocytes show increased expression of a panel of genes known to be dysregulated in human MM pathogenesis. Treatment of Eµ-bcl-b mice with drugs currently used to treat patients such as melphalan and VELCADE efficiently kills malignant plasmocytes in vivo. Finally, we find that Bcl-B is overexpressed in plasmocytes from MM patients but neither in MGUS patients nor in healthy individuals, suggesting that Bcl-B may drive MM. These findings suggest that Bcl-B could be an important factor in MM disease and pinpoint Eµ-bcl-b mice as a pertinent model to validate new therapies in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Hamouda
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Jacquel
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Robert
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Puissant
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Valentine Richez
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06003 Nice, France
| | - Romeo Cassel
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Nina Fenouille
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Sandrine Roulland
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM U1104, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7280, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Jerome Gilleron
- Team 7, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Emmanuel Griessinger
- Team 4, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Alix Dubois
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Beatrice Bailly-Maitre
- Team 8, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Diogo Goncalves
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Aude Mallavialle
- Team 11, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Pascal Colosetti
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Marchetti
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Nathalie Rochet
- Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France UMR 7277, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Marcel Deckert
- Team 11, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Herve Avet-Loiseau
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR 1037, INSERM-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier (UPS)-CNRS, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Paul Hofman
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06003 Nice, France
| | - Jean-Michel Karsenti
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06003 Nice, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Jeandel
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06003 Nice, France
| | - Claudine Blin-Wakkach
- Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France CNRS UMR 7370, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Bertrand Nadel
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM U1104, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7280, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Cluzeau
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06003 Nice, France
| | - Kenneth C Anderson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jean-Gabriel Fuzibet
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06003 Nice, France
| | - Patrick Auberger
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Frederic Luciano
- Team 2, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06000 Nice, France Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
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Icaritin suppresses multiple myeloma, by inhibiting IL-6/JAK2/STAT3. Oncotarget 2016; 6:10460-72. [PMID: 25865044 PMCID: PMC4496367 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Icaritin is an active prenylflavonoid derived from Epimedium genus, a traditional Chinese medicine. Icaritin has a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities, including cardiovascular function improvement, hormone regulation and antitumor activity. Here, we investigated the effect of icaritin on multiple myeloma (MM) in vitro and in vivo. Icaritin inhibited cell growth of MM cell line and primary MM cells. In contrast, icaritin had low or no cytotoxic effect on normal hematopoiesis. We also demonstrated that in MM xenograft mouse models, icaritin suppressed tumor growth and decreased serum IL-6 and IgE levels, but did not show adverse reactions such as body weight loss. The anti-MM activity of icaritin was mainly mediated by inhibiting IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling. We suggest that icaritin can be further tested in clinical trials in MM.
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Szczepanek SM, Roberts S, Rogers K, Cotte C, Adami AJ, Bracken SJ, Salmon S, Secor ER, Thrall RS, Andemariam B, Metzger DW. Poor Long-Term Efficacy of Prevnar-13 in Sickle Cell Disease Mice Is Associated with an Inability to Sustain Pneumococcal-Specific Antibody Titers. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149261. [PMID: 26910228 PMCID: PMC4766082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) is infection with the pneumococcal bacterium (Streptococcus pneumoniae). Unfortunately, the polysaccharide-conjugate vaccine appears to be less effective in individuals with SCD when compared to the general population. We sought to better understand the relative efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in a SCD mouse challenge model. METHODS Transgenic control and SCD mice were monitored for mortality after intranasal pneumococcal infection or pneumococcal vaccination with Prevnar-13 and type-matched challenge. Anti-pneumococcal antibody titers were measured by ELISA and opsonophagocytosis was measured in vitro. RESULTS Mortality after pneumococcal infection was similar between control and SCD mice. However, after three intramuscular polysaccharide-conjugate vaccinations, all control mice were protected following high-dose intranasal infection, whereas 60% of SCD mice died. Anti-pneumococcal antibody titers showed initial IgG and IgM responses in both groups, but waning titers were observed in the SCD group, even after boosting. When functionally assayed in vitro, serum from SCD mice 13 weeks after a second booster shot maintained little to no ability to opsonize pneumococci, while serum from control mice sustained a significantly higher capacity opsonization. Thus, it appears that SCD mice do not maintain antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharides after Prevnar-13 vaccination, thereby leaving them susceptible to mortality after type-matched infection. CONCLUSION Our results emphasize the need to better understand the correlates of immune protection in SCD so that pneumococcal vaccines can be improved and mortality reduced in this susceptible population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. Szczepanek
- Center of Excellence for Vaccine Research, Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States of America, 06269
- * E-mail:
| | - Sean Roberts
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States of America, 12208
| | - Kara Rogers
- Center of Excellence for Vaccine Research, Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States of America, 06269
| | - Christina Cotte
- Center of Excellence for Vaccine Research, Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States of America, 06269
| | - Alexander J. Adami
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States of America, 06030
| | - Sonali J. Bracken
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States of America, 06030
| | - Sharon Salmon
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States of America, 12208
| | - Eric R. Secor
- Helen and Harry Gray Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Integrative Medicine, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, United States of America, 06106
| | - Roger S. Thrall
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States of America, 06030
| | - Biree Andemariam
- The Lea’s Foundation Center for Hematological Disorders, Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States of America, 06030
| | - Dennis W. Metzger
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States of America, 12208
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Zhao L, Yan X, Shi J, Ren F, Liu L, Sun S, Shan B. Ethanol extract of Forsythia suspensa root induces apoptosis of esophageal carcinoma cells via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:871-80. [PMID: 25373392 PMCID: PMC4262507 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Forsythia suspensa root is used in the treatment of fever and jaundice in Traditional Chinese Medicine. In the present study, the anti-tumor activity of the ethanolic extract of Forsythia suspensa root (FSREE) against esophageal carcinoma cells was investigated in vitro and in vivo and its anti-cancer mechanism was examined. The results revealed that FSREE, rather than Forsythia suspensa ethanolic extracts from the leaf (FSLEE) and fruit (FSFEE) exhibited marked anti-tumor activity towards human esophageal cancer cells. FSREE induced cancer cell apoptosis and growth arrest by downregulating B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, Bcl-extra large and myeloid cell leukemia 1, while upregulating Bcl-2-associated X protein, Bcl-2 antagonist of cell death and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1. This led to the activation of poly(ADP ribose) polymerase, caspase-3 and caspase-9, but not caspase-8. Furthermore, the anti-cancer activity of FSREE was associated with a decreased level of phosphorylated Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase signaling activity. It was also observed that the levels of cytochrome c were elevated in the cytoplasm, accounting for the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in the TE-13 cells upon treatment with FSEER. In addition, FSEER inhibited the growth of esophageal cancer cells in xenograft models and no detectable toxicity was present in the lung or liver tissues. These observations provided further evidence of the anti-tumor effect of FSEER and may be of importance to further examine the potential role of Forsythia suspensa root as a therapeutic agent in esophageal carcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianmei Zhao
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xi Yan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Juan Shi
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Fengzhi Ren
- Department of Natural Medicine Development, New Drug Research and Development Center of North China Pharmaceutical Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050015, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Shiping Sun
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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Zhu H, Chen X, Chen B, Chen B, Fan J, Song W, Xie Z, Jiang D, Li Q, Zhou M, Sun D, Zhao Y. Activating transcription factor 4 mediates a multidrug resistance phenotype of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells through transactivation of STAT3 expression. Cancer Lett 2014; 354:142-52. [PMID: 25130172 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major challenge to the clinical treatment of esophageal cancer. The stress response gene activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is involved in homeostasis and cellular protection. However, relatively little is known about the expression and function of ATF4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) MDR. In this study, we investigate the potential role and mechanisms of ATF4 in ESCC MDR. We demonstrated that overexpression of ATF4 promotes the MDR phenotype in ESCC cells, while depletion of ATF4 in the MDR ESCC cell line induces drug re-sensitization. We also demonstrated that ATF4 transactivates STAT3 expression by directly binding to the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) promoter, resulting in MDR in ESCC cells. Significantly, inhibition of STAT3 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or a selective inhibitor (JSI-124) reintroduces therapeutic sensitivity. In addition, increased Bcl-2, survivin, and MRP1 expression levels were observed in ATF4-overexpressing cells. In conclusion, ATF4 may promote MDR in ESCC cells through the up-regulation of STAT3 expression, and thus is an attractive therapeutic target to combat therapeutic resistance in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou General Hospital of the Nanjing Military Command of the PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Bei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Fan
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibing Song
- Department of Gerontology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziying Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuqiong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Meihua Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Dayong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yagang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China.
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Ding JH, Yuan LY, Huang RB, Chen GA. Aspirin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells through regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax and suppression of VEGF. Eur J Haematol 2014; 93:329-39. [PMID: 24766194 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aspirin (ASA) has been frequently used for thromboprophylaxis in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) when treated with thalidomide or lenalidomide. Despite the well-recognized chemopreventive role of ASA in some solid tumors particularly for colon cancer, whether ASA displays the antimyeloma activity remains unclear. METHODS MM1.S and RPMI-8226 cell lines harboring K-Ras and N-Ras mutation, respectively, were treated with various concentrations of ASA for different hours. The cell proliferation and apoptosis were performed to explore the effects of ASA on myeloma. Then, the exact mechanisms governing ASA's antimyeloma were explored by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Also, the effect of ASA on tumor growth was observed in NOD/SCID mice bearing myeloma xenografts. RESULTS ASA of 0-10 mm concentration inhibits proliferation MM1.S and RPMI-8226 cells in time- and dose-dependent manner. The myeloma cells exposed to ASA treatment displayed concentration-dependent apoptosis, which was closely associated with activation of caspases, upregulation of Bax, and downregulation of Bcl-2 and VEGF. Study in vivo revealed that ASA administration retarded the tumor growth accompanying the survival time of mice bearing myeloma xenografts. CONCLUSIONS ASA exerted antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic action in myeloma cells in vitro and delayed the growth of human myeloma cells in vivo. The underlying mechanisms were ascribed to regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax and suppression of VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hua Ding
- Hematology Department, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Yang M, Huang J, Ma QL, Xu GX, Jin J. Antitumor activity of CDA-Ⅱ, a urinary preparation, on human multiple myeloma cell lines via the mitochondrial pathway. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:1025-31. [PMID: 24452179 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell differentiation agent II (CDA‑II) is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor isolated from healthy human urine. In the present study, the antitumor activity of CDA‑II on human multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines via the mitochondrial pathway was first revealed. The human MM cell lines were exposed to CDA‑II. Cytotoxicity, caspase activation, apoptosis and the effects on the mitochondrial pathway were assessed. CDA‑Ⅱ was capable of decreasing the depolarized mitochondrial membranes and activating caspase‑3 and ‑9 and poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase in MM cells treated with CDA‑II. CDA‑II induced caspase‑dependent cell death accompanied by a significant decrease in X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), survivin and Mcl‑1 levels. The caspase‑3 inhibitor, Z‑DEVD‑FMK, inhibited CDA‑II‑induced apoptosis. CDA‑II potently increased the Bax levels, decreased the Bcl‑2/Bax ratio and decreased the expression of the downstream targets of NF‑κB. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that CDA‑II treatment leads to the inhibition of p65 nuclear localization and potently induces caspase‑dependent apoptosis in MM cells mediated through the mitochondrial pathway at low nanomolar concentrations. These results indicate that CDA‑II is a novel inhibitor of NF‑κB activity, with notable antimyeloma efficacy. This study provides a rationale for the clinical investigation of CDA‑Ⅱ in human MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Ling Ma
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Gai-Xiang Xu
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Saitoh N, Awaya A, Sakudo A, SungWook S, Saeki K, Matsumoto Y, Onodera T. Serum Thymic Factor Prevents LPS-Induced Pancreatic Cell Damage in Mice via Up-Regulation of Bcl-2 Expression in Pancreas. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 48:629-38. [PMID: 15383698 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2004.tb03471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect of synthetic serum thymic factor (FTS) nonapeptide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pancreatic cell damage in 10-week-old BALB/c male mice was investigated. Mice were divided into three groups. Group I was treated with LPS (10 micro g/head; i.p.) (LPS-treated mice). Group II was administered with FTS (50 micro g/head; i.p.) 24 hr before treatment with LPS and complemented immediately before LPS injection with FTS (50 micro g/head; i.p.) (FTS-administered mice). Group III was only treated with the same volume of saline (control mice). Treatment of LPS in vivo resulted in the destruction of pancreatic acinar cells. In those cells, many apoptotic cells were detected by immunohistochemistry using an anti-single stranded DNA antibody. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that LPS treatment also caused low or a lack of insulin expression in pancreatic islets. In contrast, morphological change was not seen and apoptotic cell death was suppressed in pancreatic cells of FTS-administered mice. Moreover, insulin expression was normal in those mice. FTS administration enhanced expression of Bcl-2 mRNA levels in pancreatic tissues and IL-6 mRNA levels in splenocytes significantly compared with those of LPS treatment at 3 hr after LPS injection. These findings suggest that FTS prevents LPS-induced cell damage via enhancing Bcl-2 expression in the pancreas and systemic IL-6 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Saitoh
- Department of Molecular Immunology, School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Peperzak V, Vikstrom IB, Tarlinton DM. Through a glass less darkly: apoptosis and the germinal center response to antigen. Immunol Rev 2012; 247:93-106. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2012.01123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Arecoline decreases interleukin-6 production and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human basal cell carcinoma cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 258:199-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Ailawadhi S, Miecznikowski J, Gaile DP, Wang D, Sher T, Mulligan G, Bryant B, Wilding GE, Mashtare T, Stein L, Masood A, Neuwirth R, Lee KP, Chanan-Khan A. Bortezomib mitigates adverse prognosis conferred by Bcl-2 overexpression in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 53:1174-82. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.637212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sikander Ailawadhi
- Division of Hematology, University of Southern California,
Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Dongliang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute,
Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Taimur Sher
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University,
Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Barb Bryant
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals,
Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Aisha Masood
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University,
Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Kelvin P. Lee
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University,
Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Asher Chanan-Khan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University,
Syracuse, NY, USA
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Hassman LM, Ellison TJ, Kedes DH. KSHV infects a subset of human tonsillar B cells, driving proliferation and plasmablast differentiation. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:752-68. [PMID: 21245574 DOI: 10.1172/jci44185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV; also known as HHV8) is the causative agent of two B cell tumors, multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). However, little is known about the nature of the specific B cell subtype(s) most susceptible to infection. Identifying these cells would provide direct insight into KSHV transmission and virus-induced transformation. To identify this subset and to determine whether infection alters its cellular phenotype, we exposed human tonsillar cells to KSHV and characterized infected cells using high-throughput multispectral imaging flow cytometry (MIFC). Stable expression of the virally encoded latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA), a marker of latent KSHV infection, was observed predominantly in cells expressing the l light chain of the B cell receptor. These LANA+ B cells proliferated and exhibited similarities to the cells characteristic of MCD (IgMl-expressing plasmablasts), including blasting morphology with elevated expression of Ki67, variable expression of CD27, and high levels of IgM and IL-6 receptor. Furthermore, the proportion of infected cells showing a blasting phenotype increased upon addition of exogenous IL-6. Our data lead us to propose that oral transmission of KSHV involves the latent infection of a subset of tonsillar IgMl-expressing B cells, which then proliferate as they acquire the plasmablast phenotype characteristic of MCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Hassman
- Myles H. Thaler Center for AIDS and Human Retrovirus Research, University of Virginia Health Systems, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Szyszko EA, Brokstad KA, Oijordsbakken G, Jonsson MV, Jonsson R, Skarstein K. Salivary glands of primary Sjögren's syndrome patients express factors vital for plasma cell survival. Arthritis Res Ther 2011; 13:R2. [PMID: 21214903 PMCID: PMC3241347 DOI: 10.1186/ar3220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The presence of circulating Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantibodies has become an important marker in the classification criteria for primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Plasma cells producing these autoantibodies are mainly high affinity plasma cells originating from germinal centre reactions. When exposed to the right microenvironment these autoimmune plasma cells become long-lived and resistant to immunosuppressive treatment. Since autoimmune plasma cells have been detected in the salivary glands of SS patients, we wanted to investigate if the glandular microenvironment is suitable for plasma cell survival and if glandular residing plasma cells are the long-lived plasma cell subset. METHODS Single, double and triple immunohistochemistry as well as immunofluorescence staining was performed on minor salivary gland tissue retrieved from pSS, chronically inflamed and normal subjects. RESULTS We detected significant numbers of CD138+, non-proliferating, Bcl-2 expressing plasma cells in the salivary glands of pSS patients with high focus score (FS). Furthermore, we demonstrated that CXCL12 and interleukin (IL)-6 survival factors were highly expressed in pSS salivary gland epithelium and by focal mononuclear infiltrating cells. Notably, adipocytes when present in the salivary gland tissue were an important source of CXCL12. We clearly demonstrate that plasma cells are localised in close proximity to CXCL12 and IL-6 expressing cells and thus that the environment of salivary glands with high FS provide factors vital for plasma cell survival. CONCLUSIONS Plasma cells residing in the salivary glands of pSS patients with high FS showed phenotypic characteristics of the long-lived plasma cell subtype. Furthermore, the pSS salivary gland microenvironment provided niches rich in factors vital for plasma cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa A Szyszko
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, The Gade Institute, University of Bergen, The Laboratory Building, Bergen N-5021, Norway.
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Tomlins C, Storey A. Cutaneous HPV5 E6 causes increased expression of Osteoprotegerin and Interleukin 6 which contribute to evasion of UV-induced apoptosis. Carcinogenesis 2010; 31:2155-64. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Jernberg-Wiklund H, Nilsson K. Control of apoptosis in human multiple myeloma by insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Adv Cancer Res 2009; 97:139-65. [PMID: 17419944 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-230x(06)97006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the expansion of neoplastic plasmablasts/plasma cells with complex genetic aberrations and high dependence for survival and growth on cytokines produced in the bone marrow microenvironment. As tools in the study of MM about 80 authentic MM cell lines and a few relevant in vivo mouse models are available. The dependence on insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) signaling in the development and maintenance of the malignant phenotype in a variety of cancers is a rationale for attempts to improve tumor treatment by selectively inhibiting the IGF-IR in malignant cells by neutralizing antibodies, dominant negative IGF-IR, and IGF-IR siRNA. Testing the hypothesis that abrogating IGF-IR-mediated signaling of survival should make MM cells more susceptible to apoptosis, our studies have so far provided proof-of-principle by the demonstration that inhibition of a signaling pathway stimulating survival renders cells susceptible to drug-induced apoptosis when the drug (dexamethasone) and inhibitor (rapamycin) converge on the same target, that is p70(S6K). The recent publication of the three-dimensional structure of the IGF-IR kinase domain has facilitated the development of IGF-IR inhibitors of the cyclolignan family, that is picropodophyllin, with capacity to distinguish also in vivo between the IGF-IR and the insulin receptor. Studies in vitro and in vivo with picropodophyllin show promising effects, that is apoptosis induction and growth arrest, and have made it possible to evaluate the biological and therapeutic effects of inhibition of the IGF-IR signaling in MM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/physiology
- Cell Line, Tumor/cytology
- Cell Line, Tumor/drug effects
- Dexamethasone/pharmacology
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/antagonists & inhibitors
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, SCID
- Models, Molecular
- Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Multiple Myeloma/physiopathology
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Podophyllotoxin/analogs & derivatives
- Podophyllotoxin/pharmacology
- Podophyllotoxin/therapeutic use
- Protein Conformation
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/chemistry
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/physiology
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Sirolimus/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Jernberg-Wiklund
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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Jourdan M, Reme T, Goldschmidt H, Fiol G, Pantesco V, De Vos J, Rossi JF, Hose D, Klein B. Gene expression of anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins in malignant and normal plasma cells. Br J Haematol 2009; 145:45-58. [PMID: 19183193 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07562.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The survival of malignant plasma cells is a key event in disease occurrence, progression and chemoresistance. Using DNA-microarrays, we analysed the expression of genes coding for 58 proteins linked with extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, caspases and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. We considered six memory B cells (MBC), seven plasmablasts (PPC), seven bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC) and purified myeloma cells (MMC) from 92 newly-diagnosed patients. Forty out of the 58 probe sets enabled the separation of MBC, PPC and BMPC in three homogeneous clusters, characterized by an elevated expression of TNFRSF10A, TNFRSF10B, BCL2A1, CASP8, CASP9 and PMAIP1 genes for MBC, of FAS, FADD, AIFM1, BIRC5, CASP CASP2, CASP3 and CASP6 for PPC and of BCL2, MCL1, BID, BIRC3 and XIAP for BMPC. Thus, B cell differentiation was associated with change of expression of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes. Regarding MMC, the major finding was TRAIL upregulation that might be counteracted by a high osteoprotegerin production by BM stromal cells and a decreased expression of FAS, APAF1 and BNIP3 compared to normal BMPC. Out of the 40 genes, CASP2 and BIRC5 expression in MMC had adverse prognosis in two independent series of previously-untreated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Jourdan
- INSERM U847, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2006, Montpellier, France
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Khuda SE, Loo WM, Janz S, Van Ness B, Erickson LD. Deregulation of c-Myc Confers distinct survival requirements for memory B cells, plasma cells, and their progenitors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 181:7537-49. [PMID: 19017943 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.11.7537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of the c-Myc oncogene is tightly associated with human and murine plasma cell (PC) neoplasms. Through the analysis of Ag-specific B cell responses in mice where Myc is targeted to the Igh Calpha locus, we show here that c-Myc dramatically impairs the primary and secondary Ab response. This impairment is differentiation stage specific, since germinal center B cell formation, affinity maturation, and class switch recombination were intact. Examination of PC viability revealed that c-Myc triggered apoptosis only upon final maturation when Ab is secreted and is resistant to the survival factor BAFF (B cell-activating factor belonging to the TNF family). In contrast, PC precursors (PC(pre)) that ultimately give rise to mature PCs survived normally and vigorously expanded with BAFF signaling. We further show that c-Myc also facilitates the apoptosis of memory B cells. Thus, Calpha-Myc controls both cellular arms of long-lived B cell immunity than previously anticipated. Only when deregulation of c-Myc was combined with enforced Bcl-x(L) expression were mature PCs able to survive in response to BAFF. These data indicate that the survival requirements for tumor-susceptible PC(pre) and PCs are distinct and that tumor progression likely develops as PC(pre) transition to functional PCs when apoptotic pathways such as members of the Bcl-2 family are disabled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefat E Khuda
- Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Blockage of interleukin-6 signaling with 6-amino-4-quinazoline synergistically induces the inhibitory effect of bortezomib in human U266 cells. Anticancer Drugs 2008; 19:777-82. [PMID: 18690088 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32830c236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) regulates the transcription of a number of genes involved in a variety of cellular responses, including cell survival, inflammation, and differentiation. NF-kappaB is activated by a variety of stimuli, proinflammatory cytokines, mitogens, growth factors, and stress-inducing agents. Aberrant NF-kappaB expression is considered to be one of the oncogenic factors of cancer and the constitutive activation of NF-kappaB is observed in several hematologic disorders [classic Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma (MM)], and the modulation of NF-kappaB activation is emerging as a promising novel anticancer therapeutic strategy.Therefore, we focused on the regulation of NF-kappaB activation in MM. When U266 cells were treated with 6-amino-4-quinazoline, an NF-kappaB activation inhibitor, we determined that it most effectively blocked the interleukin (IL)-6-induced activation of MAPK and JAK/STAT pathways among different signaling inhibitors. The results of the luciferase assay indicated that 6-amino-4-quinazoline inhibited NF-kappaB activation with diminished NF-kappaB protein bound to NF-kappaB DNA binding sites. In addition, 6-amino-4-quinazoline suppressed the production of IL-6, which affected MM cell proliferation. Furthermore, combined treatment with bortezomib and 6-amino-4-quinazoline effectively inhibited the IL-6 and soluble IL-6R-induced activation of STAT3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation. Our data showed that the inhibition of NF-kappaB activation abrogated MM cell proliferation induced by the IL-6 pathway, and might represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MM.
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R-(-)-gossypol (AT-101) activates programmed cell death in multiple myeloma cells. Exp Hematol 2008; 36:568-76. [PMID: 18346839 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2007] [Revised: 01/14/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bcl-2 family proteins play a critical role in malignancies by regulating the balance between cell survival and apoptosis. R-(-)-gossypol (AT-101) is a small molecule that mimics the BH3 domain of cellular Bcl-2 inhibitors and interferes with the function of prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins. We examined the cytotoxicity of AT-101 in the context of multiple myeloma, a fatal hematological malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multiple myeloma cell lines and primary cells obtained from multiple myeloma patients were used to investigate the effects of AT-101. Cell viability, apoptosis, and apoptosis pathways were examined using conventional viability assays, flow cytometry, and immunoblots. RESULTS AT-101 was not only cytotoxic to conventional multiple myeloma cell lines, but was also effective against drug-resistant cell lines and primary multiple myeloma patient cells. Furthermore, AT-101 decreased proliferation of multiple myeloma cell lines in the presence of marrow stromal cells, indicating that this drug may overcome the protective effect of the microenvironment that is important for multiple myeloma cell proliferation and survival. Apoptosis was activated via the mitochondrial pathway in multiple myeloma cell lines treated with AT-101 as demonstrated by an increased Bax to Bcl-2 ratio, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and caspase activation. Finally, our studies demonstrated that AT-101 exhibits potent synergy with dexamethasone, a valuable therapeutic for multiple myeloma. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the activity of AT-101 may be highly relevant to multiple myeloma disease biology and may represent an option for treatment of patients with this disease.
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Plasma cell development: From B-cell subsets to long-term survival niches. Semin Immunol 2008; 20:49-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 12/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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APRIL is critical for plasmablast survival in the bone marrow and poorly expressed by early-life bone marrow stromal cells. Blood 2008; 111:2755-64. [PMID: 18180376 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-09-110858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The persistence of serum IgG antibodies elicited in human infants is much shorter than when such responses are elicited later in life. The reasons for this rapid waning of antigen-specific antibodies elicited in infancy are yet unknown. We have recently shown that adoptively transferred tetanus toxoid (TT)-specific plasmablasts (PBs) efficiently reach the bone marrow (BM) of infant mice. However, TT-specific PBs fail to persist in the early-life BM, suggesting that they fail to receive the molecular signals that support their survival/differentiation. Using a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL)- and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS)-deficient mice, we demonstrate here that APRIL is a critical factor for the establishment of the adult BM reservoir of anti-TT IgG-secreting cells. Through in vitro analyses of PB/plasma cell (PC) survival/differentiation, we show that APRIL induces the expression of Bcl-X(L) by a preferential binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans at the surface of CD138(+) cells. Last, we identify BM-resident macrophages as the main cells that provide survival signals to PBs and show that this function is slowly acquired in early life, in parallel to a progressive acquisition of APRIL expression. Altogether, this identifies APRIL as a critical signal for PB survival that is poorly expressed in the early-life BM compartment.
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Zhang S, Suvannasankha A, Crean CD, White VL, Johnson A, Chen CS, Farag SS. OSU-03012, a Novel Celecoxib Derivative, Is Cytotoxic to Myeloma Cells and Acts through Multiple Mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:4750-8. [PMID: 17699852 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OSU-03012 is a novel celecoxib derivative, without cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activity, capable of inducing apoptosis in various cancer cells types, and is being developed as an anticancer drug. We investigated the in vitro activity of OSU-03012 in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN U266, ARH-77, IM-9, and RPMI-8226, and primary myeloma cells were exposed to OSU-03012 for 6, 24, or 72 h. Cytotoxicity, caspase activation, apoptosis, and effects on intracellular signaling pathways were assessed. RESULTS OSU-03012 was cytotoxic to MM cells with mean LC50 3.69 +/- 0.23 and 6.25 +/- 0.86 micromol/L and at 24 h for primary MM cells and cell lines, respectively. As a known PDK-1 inhibitor, OSU-03012 inhibited the PI3K/Akt pathway with downstream effects on BAD, GSK-3beta, FoxO1a, p70S6K, and MDM-2. However, transfection of MM cells with constitutively active Akt failed to protect against cell death, indicating activity against other pathways is important. Phospho (p)-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 and p-MAP/ERK kinase 1/2 were down-regulated, suggesting that OSU-03012 also inhibited the Janus-activated kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Although expression of Bcl-2 proteins was unchanged, OSU-03012 also down-regulated survivin and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), and also induced G2 cell cycle arrest with associated reductions in cyclins A and B. Finally, although OSU-03012 induced cleavage of caspases 3, 8 and 9, caspase inhibition did not prevent cell death. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that OSU-03012 has potent activity against MM cells and acts via different mechanisms in addition to phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt pathway inhibition. These studies provide rationale for the clinical investigation of OSU-03012 in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Zhang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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Trudel S, Stewart AK, Li Z, Shu Y, Liang SB, Trieu Y, Reece D, Paterson J, Wang D, Wen XY. The Bcl-2 family protein inhibitor, ABT-737, has substantial antimyeloma activity and shows synergistic effect with dexamethasone and melphalan. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:621-9. [PMID: 17255285 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-1526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to investigate the antimyeloma activity of a novel Bcl-2 family inhibitor, ABT-737, in preclinical treatment of multiple myeloma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The antimyeloma activity of ABT-737 was evaluated in cultured myeloma cell lines and patient myeloma samples, and in a xenograft mouse myeloma model. Drug combination therapy using ABT-737 with other commonly used myeloma drugs was also investigated. RESULTS MY5 and JJN3 cell lines exhibited the most sensitivity to ABT-737 with an EC(50) of 0.2 and 0.5 micromol/L, respectively, with increased cell apoptosis and elevated activated caspase-3. We identified two distinct groups of myeloma patient samples that were either sensitive or resistant to the drug. Four of 15 patient bone marrow samples (27%) were highly sensitive to ABT-737 at doses of 0.25 and 0.5 micromol/L, which eliminated 80% to 90% of myeloma cells as a result of cellular apoptosis 3 days after drug treatment. ABT-737 showed a synergistic effect when combined with dexamethasone or melphalan in inducing myeloma cell death. Furthermore, the dexamethasone-resistant MM1(Dex)R myeloma cell line was highly sensitive to 0.2 micromol/L ABT-737. As determined by colony assay, little or no detectable toxicity to patient hematologic progenitor cells was observed at 1 micromol/L ABT-737. ABT-737 dose dependently suppressed tumor growth in a xenograft MY5 mouse model. CONCLUSIONS These studies show substantial antimyeloma activity of ABT-737 as a single agent or in combination with dexamethasone or melphalan and suggest a rationale for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Trudel
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Carrasco DR, Sukhdeo K, Protopopova M, Sinha R, Enos M, Carrasco D, Zheng M, Mani M, Henderson J, Pinkus GS, Munshi N, Horner J, Ivanova EV, Protopopov A, Anderson KC, Tonon G, DePinho RA. The differentiation and stress response factor XBP-1 drives multiple myeloma pathogenesis. Cancer Cell 2007; 11:349-60. [PMID: 17418411 PMCID: PMC1885943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2006] [Revised: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 02/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) evolves from a highly prevalent premalignant condition termed MGUS. The factors underlying the malignant transformation of MGUS are unknown. We report a MGUS/MM phenotype in transgenic mice with Emu-directed expression of the XBP-1 spliced isoform (XBP-1s), a factor governing unfolded protein/ER stress response and plasma-cell development. Emu-XBP-1s elicited elevated serum Ig and skin alterations. With age, Emu-xbp-1s transgenics develop features diagnostic of human MM, including bone lytic lesions and subendothelial Ig deposition. Furthermore, transcriptional profiles of Emu-xbp-1s lymphoid and MM cells show aberrant expression of known human MM dysregulated genes. The similarities of this model with the human disease, coupled with documented frequent XBP-1s overexpression in human MM, serve to implicate XBP-1s dysregulation in MM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Carrasco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Corresponding author
| | - Kumar Sukhdeo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marina Protopopova
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Applied Cancer Science, Belfer Foundation Institute for Innovative Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raktim Sinha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Miriam Enos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel E. Carrasco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mala Mani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joel Henderson
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Geraldine S. Pinkus
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nikhil Munshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- The Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James Horner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elena V. Ivanova
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Applied Cancer Science, Belfer Foundation Institute for Innovative Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexei Protopopov
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Applied Cancer Science, Belfer Foundation Institute for Innovative Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth C. Anderson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Applied Cancer Science, Belfer Foundation Institute for Innovative Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- The Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ronald A. DePinho
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Applied Cancer Science, Belfer Foundation Institute for Innovative Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Corresponding author
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