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Hamsyah F, Miyanaka D, Tokita M, Kawada M, Mori N, Shimazu A. Validation of the Indonesian version of the Recovery Experience Questionnaire. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2024; 62:90-101. [PMID: 37690818 PMCID: PMC10995672 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2023-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to validate the Indonesian version of the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ-I) to assess how individuals unwind and recuperate from work during their off-job times, specifically in terms of psychological detachment, relaxation, mastery, and control. The translated and back-translated REQ, which has gone through semantic and face validation processes, was administered through an internet survey using 740 Indonesian workers from various backgrounds. Furthermore, confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to evaluate factorial validity. Construct validity was evaluated based on the correlation coefficients between recovery experience and potential consequences variables, while internal consistency and test-retest reliability were investigated to evaluate the reliability. The result of CFA showed that the hypothesized four-factor model was the most suitable for the data. Meanwhile, construct validity was supported by expected correlations of recovery experiences with possible consequences. Cronbach's α coefficient for each of the four subscales was sufficient at 0.85-0.92. Test-retest reliability of each of the four subscales with three months intervals was confirmed with sufficient intraclass correlation coefficients at 0.60-0.66. This current study confirmed that REQ-I was an adequate measure of recovery experiences used in the Indonesian context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad Hamsyah
- Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Japan
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
| | - Daisuke Miyanaka
- Faculty of Policy Management, Keio University, Japan
- Better Options, Inc., Japan
| | | | - Michiko Kawada
- Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Japan
| | - Naana Mori
- Keio Research Institute at SFC, Keio University, Japan
- Department of the Advanced Biomedical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Japan
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2
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Feng X. How Job Stress Affect Flow Experience at Work: The Masking and Mediating Effect of Work-Related Rumination. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:912-935. [PMID: 35980805 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221122881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study proposes and tests a theoretical model of how two types of stressors (challenge and hindrance stressors) elicit perseverative cognition processes in individuals (as characterized by two types of work-related rumination), and how, through this mechanism, these stressors can further affect individuals' flow experience at work. Our model is largely supported by structural equation modeling analyses of a longitudinal questionnaire-based survey (n = 344). We find that challenge stressors have a significant, positive, direct impact on the experience of flow. Additionally, both challenge and hindrance stressors simultaneously activate problem-solving pondering and affective rumination in employees; affective rumination inhibits flow, while problem-solving pondering promotes flow. The results of a bootstrap sampling analysis further indicate the presence of the masking and mediating effects of work-related rumination in the effects of these stressors on flow experience. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Feng
- Faculty of Management, Xian Jiaotong University; and Application Research Laboratory, Xiamen Guoxin Credit Big Data Innovation Research Institute, Xiamen, P.R. China
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3
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Selander K, Korkiakangas E, Toivanen M, Yli-Kaitala K, Kangas H, Nevanperä N, Laitinen J. Engaging Leadership and Psychological Safety as Moderators of the Relationship between Strain and Work Recovery: A Cross-Sectional Study of HSS Employees. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11071045. [PMID: 37046972 PMCID: PMC10093905 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11071045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Work in the health and social sector (HSS) is highly straining and therefore recovery from work needs to be promoted. Less is known on how job resources can be used to alleviate job strain and increase recovery from work. Thus, we analyzed the following: the association between job demands and work recovery; the connections of engaging leadership and psychological safety to recovery from work; and the moderating effects of engaging leadership and psychological safety on the relationship between strain and recovery from work. This cross-sectional study of 18,155 HSS and 4347 eldercare employees in 2020 using linear regression analysis showed that job strain (p < 0.001) and moral distress (p < 0.001) were associated with decreased recovery from work. Engaging leadership (p < 0.001) and psychologically safe work community (p < 0.001) enhanced recovery from work independently. Engaging leadership mitigated the harmful effect of job strain (p < 0.01) and moral distress (p < 0.05), and psychological safety mitigated the effect of job strain (p < 0.001), but not moral distress (p > 0.05). Thus, it is important to reduce job strain so that employees recover from work. Further job resources such as engaging leadership and psychological safety are important in themselves as they support recovery from work and employees' well-being, but also as they alleviate job demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsikka Selander
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, 70032 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Minna Toivanen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, 00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Yli-Kaitala
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, 00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hilpi Kangas
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, 00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Nevanperä
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, 90032 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaana Laitinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, 90032 Oulu, Finland
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Kim HY, Kim S, Howell TM, Doyle SP, Pettit NC, Bizzarro M. Are We Essential, or Sacrificial? The Effects of Felt Public Gratitude on Essential Worker Recovery Activities During COVID-19. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2023; 14:218-227. [PMID: 36874263 PMCID: PMC9895284 DOI: 10.1177/19485506221077858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has been characterized by unprecedented levels of public gratitude to some, but not all, essential workers. In this research, we integrate insights from the stigmatized occupations and gratitude literature to build theory on the positive and negative relationships between such displays of public gratitude and essential workers' recovery activities. We argue that felt public gratitude positively relates to adaptive recovery activities (e.g., exercise) and negatively relates to maladaptive recovery activities (e.g., overdrinking). We further explain how felt public gratitude impacts (mal)adaptive recovery activities through (a) felt invisibility and (b) negative/positive affect. We find support for our predictions in a two-wave survey of 186 corrections officers (Study 1) and an experiment with 379 essential workers across a variety of industries (Study 2).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sijun Kim
- The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Weigelt O, Seidel JC, Erber L, Wendsche J, Varol YZ, Weiher GM, Gierer P, Sciannimanica C, Janzen R, Syrek CJ. Too Committed to Switch Off-Capturing and Organizing the Full Range of Work-Related Rumination from Detachment to Overcommitment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3573. [PMID: 36834267 PMCID: PMC9967488 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Work-related thoughts during off-job time have been studied extensively in occupational health psychology and related fields. We provide a focused review of the research on overcommitment-a component within the effort-reward imbalance model-and aim to connect this line of research to the most commonly studied aspects of work-related rumination. Drawing on this integrative review, we analyze survey data on ten facets of work-related rumination, namely (1) overcommitment, (2) psychological detachment, (3) affective rumination, (4) problem-solving pondering, (5) positive work reflection, (6) negative work reflection, (7) distraction, (8) cognitive irritation, (9) emotional irritation, and (10) inability to recover. First, we apply exploratory factor analysis to self-reported survey data from 357 employees to calibrate overcommitment items and to position overcommitment within the nomological net of work-related rumination constructs. Second, we apply confirmatory factor analysis to self-reported survey data from 388 employees to provide a more specific test of uniqueness vs. overlap among these constructs. Third, we apply relative weight analysis to assess the unique criterion-related validity of each work-related rumination facet regarding (1) physical fatigue, (2) cognitive fatigue, (3) emotional fatigue, (4) burnout, (5) psychosomatic complaints, and (6) satisfaction with life. Our results suggest that several measures of work-related rumination (e.g., overcommitment and cognitive irritation) can be used interchangeably. Emotional irritation and affective rumination emerge as the strongest unique predictors of fatigue, burnout, psychosomatic complaints, and satisfaction with life. Our study is intended to assist researchers in making informed decisions on selecting scales for their research and paves the way for integrating research on the effort-reward imbalance and work-related rumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Weigelt
- Wilhelm Wundt Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - J. Charlotte Seidel
- Wilhelm Wundt Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lucy Erber
- Wilhelm Wundt Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Wendsche
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Section 3 Work and Health, D-01099 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yasemin Z. Varol
- Educational Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, D-60629 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerald M. Weiher
- Educational Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, D-60629 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Petra Gierer
- Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Hagen, D-58084 Hagen, Germany
| | | | - Richard Janzen
- Wilhelm Wundt Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christine J. Syrek
- Business Psychology, University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany
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Ye S, So JJM, Ng TK, Ma MZ. The day-of-week (DOW) effect on liberalism-conservatism: Evidence from a large-scale online survey in China. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1074334. [PMID: 36865674 PMCID: PMC9971015 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1074334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Past research has shown that psychological states tend to fluctuate across the days of a week, which is referred to as the day-of-week (DOW) effect. This study investigated the DOW effect on liberalism-conservatism among Chinese people by testing two competing hypotheses. According to the cognitive states hypothesis, it was predicted that liberalism would be high on Mondays but gradually decrease to Fridays due to the depletion of cognitive resources over the weekdays. In contrast, the affective states hypothesis predicted the opposite, considering the more positive affect brought by the approaching weekends. Both hypotheses predicted the level of liberalism would peak at weekends. Methods Data (n = 171,830) were collected via an online questionnaire, the Chinese Political Compass (CPC) survey, which includes 50 items to measure people' liberalism-conservatism in three domains (i.e., political, economic, and social). Results The results showed the level of liberalism decreased gradually from Mondays until Wednesdays, rebounded from Wednesdays to Fridays, and peaked at weekends. Discussion The V-shaped pattern suggested that the DOW fluctuation in liberalism-conservatism could derive from the synergy of both cognitive and affective processes, instead of either one alone. The findings have important implications for practice and policy-making, including the recent pilot scheme of 4-day workweek.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengquan Ye
- Department of Social and Behavioural Science, Colleague of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Shengquan Ye, ✉
| | - Justin Juk Man So
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ting Kin Ng
- Department of Psychology, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mac Zewei Ma
- Department of Social and Behavioural Science, Colleague of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Kross E, Ong M, Ayduk O. Self-Reflection at Work: Why It Matters and How to Harness Its Potential and Avoid Its Pitfalls. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031921-024406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It is difficult to fathom how an organization could be successful without its employees engaging in self-reflection. Gone would be its personnel's capacity to problem-solve, learn from past experiences, and engage in countless other introspective activities that are vital to success. Indeed, a large body of research highlights the positive value of reflection. Yet, as both common experience and a wealth of findings demonstrate, engaging in this introspective process while focusing on negative experiences often backfires, undermining people's health, well-being, performance, and relationships. Here we synthesize research on the benefits and costs of self-reflection in organizational contexts and discuss the role that psychological distance plays in allowing people to harness the potential of self-reflection while avoiding its common pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Kross
- Management & Organizations Area, Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Psychology Department, School of Literature Science and Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Madeline Ong
- Management Department, Mays Business School, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Ozlem Ayduk
- Psychology Department, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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Peng Y, Park Y, Su S, Ma J. Developing and Testing a Model of Dynamic Changes in Work-School Conflict and Workplace Deviance Over Time. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 38:589-605. [PMID: 36090015 PMCID: PMC9443652 DOI: 10.1007/s10869-022-09841-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Work-school conflict is a major stressor for many college students who have paid jobs while in college. Although work-school conflict experience is dynamic, the extant research has predominantly cast it and its consequences as between-person phenomena from a static perspective, ignoring its inherent temporal nature. As a result, little is known about the intra-individual changes in work-school conflict and their associated consequences as implied by the related theory. Drawing on the stressor-emotion model of counterproductive work behavior, we conducted a longitudinal weekly diary study to examine how work-school conflict change can predict changes in negative emotions and workplace deviance (i.e., the change-to-change effects). We also tested core self-evaluation, time management skill, and financial well-being as moderators of the proposed mediated relationship. Results from latent change score modeling showed that upward work-school conflict change had a positive relationship with upward workplace deviance change via upward changes in negative emotions. Further, time management skill and financial well-being weakened the indirect relationships between upward work-school conflict change and upward workplace deviance change. However, the moderating nature of core self-evaluation on the indirect relationship contrasted with our hypothesis. Implications for theory and future research are discussed along with implications for organizations and college institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Peng
- Department of Organizational Sciences and Communication, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052 USA
| | - YoungAh Park
- School of Labor and Employment Relations, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61821 USA
| | - Shiyang Su
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 Guangdong Province China
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9
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The study of followers in leadership research: A systematic and critical review. THE LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2022.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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Pauli R, Gaum PM, Cropley M, Lang J. Antecedents, outcomes and measurement of work related-cognition in non-work time: A multistudy report using the work-related rumination questionnaire in two languages. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1013744. [PMID: 36935958 PMCID: PMC10017545 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1013744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the perseverative cognition hypothesis, prolonged activation for example, via work-related rumination impairs recovery and thereby poses a risk to employee health. The extent to which gender, age, occupation or longitudinal stress exposure may alter work-related rumination is an ongoing debate. Whether group or longitudinal comparisons of work-related rumination are valid, however, has never been tested. In this multistudy report, we therefore investigated measurement invariance of the widely used Work-Related Rumination Questionnaire (WRRQ) across gender, age, occupation, and longitudinal measurements by performing secondary analyses of preexisting data on work-related rumination. We examined the psychometric properties of WRRQ measurements in two languages and expand knowledge about the nomological network of affective rumination, problem-solving pondering and detachment in relation to individual employee characteristics (e.g., personality, work engagement, commitment), job stressors (e.g., work intensity, decision latitude, social relations with colleagues and supervisors) and employee health outcomes (e.g., wellbeing, irritation, somatic symptoms). Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses showed partial scalar invariance of English and German WRRQ measurements and full scalar invariance across gender, age, occupation and over the period of 1 week (Study 1, n = 2,207). Correlation analyses supported criterion, convergent and discriminant validity of WRRQ measurements (Study 2, n = 4,002). These findings represent a prerequisite for comparisons of work-related cognition across groups and further the understanding of the antecedents and outcomes of different types of work-related cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pauli
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Roman Pauli,
| | - Petra Maria Gaum
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mark Cropley
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, England, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Lang
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Shoman Y, Rousson V, Bianchi R, Guseva Canu I. Holistic Assessment of Factors Associated with Exhaustion, the Main Symptom of Burnout: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13037. [PMID: 36293607 PMCID: PMC9602979 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This meta-analysis summarized longitudinal findings pertaining to exhaustion's predictors. In so doing, our aim was ultimately to identify target factors for the prevention of burnout. METHODS We searched for studies that (a) examined predictors of exhaustion longitudinally and (b) reported correlation coefficients as an effect estimate. We conducted our literature search in three databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase. We focused on studies published between January 1990 and November 2020. Predictors were grouped into families, subfamilies, and subgroups. A meta-analysis of z-transformed correlation coefficients (rho) was performed. The results were scrutinized in relation to studies' follow-up length. RESULTS We included 65 studies assessing 242 predictors of different types captured across different occupations. Our findings highlighted mostly weak associations (rho < 0.30). For six predictors-Job control, Job resources, Interactions at work, Communication and leadership, Job attitudes, and Work-family interface-longer length of follow-up involved weaker associations with exhaustion. The quality of the evidence available was generally low. CONCLUSIONS The evidence available does not point to clear target factors for preventing burnout. The decrease in associations as the follow-up length increases may suggest a relatively short latency period, followed by recovery. Higher-quality cohorts should be conducted to better understand the etiology and course of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Shoman
- Center of Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Rousson
- Center of Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Renzo Bianchi
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Irina Guseva Canu
- Center of Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland
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Can't stop eating my feelings: the maladaptive responses of abused employees toward abusive supervision. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/jmo.2022.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although organizational research on abusive supervision and its detrimental effects on individuals and organizations has become increasingly popular, little attention has been paid to the maladaptive responses of subordinates to abusive supervision. We build upon self-regulatory theory to investigate one common but overlooked maladaptive response of subordinates to abusive supervision: subordinate overeating behavior. We conducted a single-source, multi-wave daily diary study on 10 consecutive working days (N = 115 employees and 1150 daily surveys) to investigate the relationship between abusive supervision and overeating behavior via a subordinate's negative mood at the high versus low values of subordinate's recovery experiences. We, from the perspective of self-regulatory impairment, found that a subordinate's perceptions of abusive supervision instill a sense of negative mood, which in turn render a loss of control over his/her behavioral intentions toward overeating behavior. Moreover, the first-stage moderation results demonstrated that recovery experiences at the workplace mitigate the depleting effects of abusive supervision. Abused subordinates are less susceptible to the effects of abusive supervision on overeating behavior via their negative moods when there are greater recovery experiences at the workplace. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
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Zhang MX, Lam LW, Wu AMS. Recovery Experiences Protect Emotionally Exhausted White-Collar Workers from Gaming Addiction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12543. [PMID: 36231843 PMCID: PMC9564737 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Gaming addiction and its negative consequences have attracted public concern, but relatively little is known regarding its impact on adult workers. This study aims to test the association between gaming addiction and emotional exhaustion as well as the protective effect of recovery experiences on such an association among white-collar workers. We recruited 205 working adults (female = 58%) who voluntarily completed an online questionnaire. The results showed that male and younger workers were more vulnerable to gaming addiction. Emotional exhaustion was significantly and positively associated, while two (i.e., relaxation and control) of the four recovery experiences were negatively correlated with gaming addiction. Control experience had an indirect effect on gaming addiction via emotional exhaustion. Moreover, relaxation experience buffered the risk effect of emotional exhaustion on gaming addiction so that the effect is less pronounced at high levels of relaxation. Interventions are suggested to raise workers' awareness of effective recovery experiences (especially for control and relaxation) and to facilitate their recovery opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Humanities, School of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Long W. Lam
- Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Anise M. S. Wu
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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14
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Foucreault A, Ménard J, Houlfort N, Trépanier SG, Lavigne GL. How Work-Family Guilt, Involvement with Children and Spouse's Support Influence Parents' Life Satisfaction in a Context of Work-Family Conflict. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2022; 32:1065-1077. [PMID: 36186677 PMCID: PMC9512965 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-022-02443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Work-family guilt (WFG) is sometimes perceived as an adaptive characteristic, since it has been found to encourage working parents to engage in more activities with their children in off-work time (Cho & Allen, 2012). However, while it may be an adaptive characteristic for the parent-child relationship, the same may not be true for parents' psychological health. Using insights from the work-home resources model (W-HR), this study aims to determine WFG's influence on parents' life satisfaction. This study also investigates if parents' belief regarding the investment of their spouse in recreational activities with their children is a resource that could foster their life satisfaction. A cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 289 working parents with at least one child aged between 5 and 10. A path analysis shows a significant moderated mediation model. Parent-child activities were found to partially mediate the relationship between strain-based work interference with family and parents' life satisfaction. Furthermore, WFG moderated this mediation. Specifically, it worsened the detrimental effect of doing fewer parent-child activities on parents' life satisfaction. Results also show that a spouse's investment in activity with their child is a resource that motivates parents to invest more in their children and directly contributes to parents' life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Foucreault
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Julie Ménard
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Nathalie Houlfort
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Sarah-Geneviève Trépanier
- Department of Management, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boulevard des Forges, Bureau 3140, Pavillon Ringuet, Trois-Rivières, Québec G8Z 4M3 Canada
| | - Geneviève L. Lavigne
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
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Albulescu P, Macsinga I, Rusu A, Sulea C, Bodnaru A, Tulbure BT. "Give me a break!" A systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of micro-breaks for increasing well-being and performance. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272460. [PMID: 36044424 PMCID: PMC9432722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recovery activities during short breaks taken between work tasks are solutions for preventing the impairing effects of accumulated strain. No wonder then that a growing body of scientific literature from various perspectives emerged on this topic. The present meta-analysis is aimed at estimating the efficacy of micro-breaks in enhancing well-being (vigor and fatigue) and performance, as well as in which conditions and for whom are the micro-breaks most effective. We searched the existent literature on this topic and aggregated the existing data from experimental and quasi-experimental studies. The systematic search revealed 19 records, which resulted in 22 independent study samples (N = 2335). Random-effects meta-analyses shown statistically significant but small effects of micro-breaks in boosting vigor (d = .36, p < .001; k = 9, n = 913), reducing fatigue (d = .35, p < .001; k = 9, n = 803), and a non-significant effect on increasing overall performance (d = .16, p = .116; k = 15, n = 1132). Sub-groups analyses on performance types revealed significant effects only for tasks with less cognitive demands. A meta-regression showed that the longer the break, the greater the boost was on performance. Overall, the data support the role of micro-breaks for well-being, while for performance, recovering from highly depleting tasks may need more than 10-minute breaks. Therefore, future studies should focus on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Albulescu
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Irina Macsinga
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Andrei Rusu
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Coralia Sulea
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Bodnaru
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
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16
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Rutten RLJ, Hülsheger UR, Zijlstra FRH. Does looking forward set you back? Development and validation of the work prospection scale. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2022.2080058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosine L. J. Rutten
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ute R. Hülsheger
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fred R. H. Zijlstra
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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17
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I can't get no Sleep: The Role of Leaders' Health and Leadership Behavior on Employees' Sleep Quality. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2022.2077198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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18
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Horiuchi S, Iwano S, Aoki S, Sakano Y. Unwinding on the Weekend from Work-Related Stress: Moderating Effect of Weekday Psychological Stress on the Relationship between Increased Recovery Experience and Reduction of Psychological Stress on the Weekend. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12060163. [PMID: 35735373 PMCID: PMC9219705 DOI: 10.3390/bs12060163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovery is described as a process that is in contrast to the process whereby the psychological stress response increases. Recovery experiences refer to specific experiences that promote recovery and represent psychological attributes including relaxation. This preliminary study tested the hypothesis that levels of psychological stress before the weekend have a moderating effect on the relationship between an increased recovery experience during the weekend and a reduction of psychological stress from workdays to the weekend. Of 270 Japanese teachers who were invited to participate, 181 completed questionnaires on the psychological stress response before, on the psychological stress response and the recovery experience during the weekend. Data from 7 part-time teachers and 38 teachers who were not stressed at all before the weekend were excluded; therefore, data for 136 participants were ultimately analyzed. Results of hierarchal regression analysis indicated that increased relaxation was associated with an increased reduction in psychological stress response during the weekends in participants with high levels of psychological stress before the weekends. This moderating effect was not observed for other recovery experiences. Considering the psychological stress response is important for research on recovery experiences during weekends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Horiuchi
- Department of Social and Clinical Psychology, Hijiyama University, Hiroshima 732-8509, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(82)-229-0121; Fax: +81-(82)-229-3033
| | - Suguru Iwano
- Faculty of Welfare and Health Science, Oita University, Oita 870-1192, Japan;
| | - Shuntaro Aoki
- Center for Medical Education and Career Development, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan;
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yuji Sakano
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Goryokai Medical Corporation, Sapporo 002-8029, Japan;
- Sapporo CBT & EAP Center, Sapporo 002-8028, Japan
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19
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Schumann F, Steinborn MB, Kürten J, Cao L, Händel BF, Huestegge L. Restoration of Attention by Rest in a Multitasking World: Theory, Methodology, and Empirical Evidence. Front Psychol 2022; 13:867978. [PMID: 35432083 PMCID: PMC9010884 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.867978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we evaluate the status of both theory and empirical evidence in the field of experimental rest-break research based on a framework that combines mental-chronometry and psychometric-measurement theory. To this end, we (1) provide a taxonomy of rest breaks according to which empirical studies can be classified (e.g., by differentiating between long, short, and micro-rest breaks based on context and temporal properties). Then, we (2) evaluate the theorizing in both the basic and applied fields of research and explain how popular concepts (e.g., ego depletion model, opportunity cost theory, attention restoration theory, action readiness, etc.) relate to each other in contemporary theoretical debates. Here, we highlight differences between all these models in the light of two symbolic categories, termed the resource-based and satiation-based model, including aspects related to the dynamics and the control (strategic or non-strategic) mechanisms at work. Based on a critical assessment of existing methodological and theoretical approaches, we finally (3) provide a set of guidelines for both theory building and future empirical approaches to the experimental study of rest breaks. We conclude that a psychometrically advanced and theoretically focused research of rest and recovery has the potential to finally provide a sound scientific basis to eventually mitigate the adverse effects of ever increasing task demands on performance and well-being in a multitasking world at work and leisure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schumann
- Mittweida University of Applied Sciences, Mittweida, Germany
| | | | - Jens Kürten
- Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Liyu Cao
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Lynn Huestegge
- Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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20
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Kim M, Beehr TA. Can reflection explain how empowering leadership affects spillover to family life? let me think about it. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2022.2054282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minseo Kim
- Department of Business Administration, Hankyong National University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Terry A. Beehr
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
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21
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Rojas R, Hickmann M, Wolf S, Kolassa IT, Behnke A. Coping in the Emergency Medical Services: Associations With the Personnel's Stress, Self-Efficacy, Job Satisfaction, and Health. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN EUROPE 2022; 4:e6133. [PMID: 36397746 PMCID: PMC9667341 DOI: 10.32872/cpe.6133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emergency Medical Services personnel (EMSP) are recurrently exposed to chronic and traumatic stressors in their occupation. Effective coping with occupational stressors plays a key role in enabling their health and overall well-being. In this study, we examined the habitual use of coping strategies in EMSP and analyzed associations of coping with the personnel's health and well-being. Method A total of N = 106 German Red Cross EMSP participated in a cross-sectional survey involving standardized questionnaires to report habitual use of different coping strategies (using the Brief-COPE), their work-related stress, work-related self-efficacy, job satisfaction, as well as mental and physical stress symptoms. Results A confirmatory factor analysis corroborated seven coping factors which have been identified in a previous study among Italian emergency workers. Correlation analyses indicated the coping factor "self-criticism" is associated with more work-related stress, lower job satisfaction, and higher depressive, posttraumatic, and physical stress symptoms. Although commonly viewed as adaptive coping, the coping factors "support/venting", "active coping/planning", "humor", "religion", and "positive reappraisal" were not related to health and well-being in EMSP. Exploratory correlation analyses suggested that only "acceptance" was linked to better well-being and self-efficacy in EMSP. Conclusion Our results emphasize the need for in-depth investigation of adaptive coping in EMSP to advance occupation-specific prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rojas
- University
Psychotherapeutic Outpatient Clinic, Institute of Psychology and
Education, Ulm University,
Ulm, Germany
| | - Maxi Hickmann
- University
Psychotherapeutic Outpatient Clinic, Institute of Psychology and
Education, Ulm University,
Ulm, Germany
| | - Svenja Wolf
- University
Psychotherapeutic Outpatient Clinic, Institute of Psychology and
Education, Ulm University,
Ulm, Germany
| | - Iris-Tatjana Kolassa
- Clinical and
Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education,
Ulm University,
Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander Behnke
- Clinical and
Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education,
Ulm University,
Ulm, Germany
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22
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Sonnentag S, Cheng BH, Parker SL. Recovery from Work: Advancing the Field Toward the Future. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-091355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Unwinding and recovering from everyday work is important for sustaining employees’ well-being, motivation, and job performance. Accordingly, research on work recovery has grown tremendously in the past few decades. This article summarizes research on recovery during work breaks, leisure-time evenings, weekends, and vacations. Focusing on day-level and longitudinal field studies, the article describes predictors as well as outcomes of recovery in different recovery settings and addresses potential between-group and cross-cultural differences. It presents findings from intervention research demonstrating that recovery processes can be improved by deliberate training programs. The article then discusses how future recovery research can address emerging themes relevant to the future of work—changing boundaries between work and nonwork life, increased reliance on teams and technology, and changes in employment arrangements. We conclude with an overall summary, open research questions, directions for methodological improvements, and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Sonnentag
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bonnie Hayden Cheng
- Department of Management and Strategy, Faculty of Business and Economics, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Stacey L. Parker
- Centre for Business and Organisational Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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23
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Shen X, MacDonald M, Logan SW, Parkinson C, Gorrell L, Hatfield BE. Leisure Engagement during COVID-19 and Its Association with Mental Health and Wellbeing in U.S. Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:1081. [PMID: 35162106 PMCID: PMC8834183 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Leisure engagement has risen as a salient societal issue during the COVID-19 pandemic, not only because it provides a pathway for people to continue meeting their physical, cognitive, and social-emotional needs, but also due to the phenomenal juxtaposition of general increases in leisure time and unparalleled constraints. This study reports the results of the first investigation of U.S. adults' overall leisure engagement and its association with mental health amidst the major disruptions and sustained stress of the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through an online survey in February 2021 through Prolific from a sample representative of the U.S. adult population in age, gender, and race (n = 503) and analyzed using a mixed-method approach. A total of 104 unique leisure activities in 19 categories and 3 domains were identified through iterative thematic coding. Participants reported general increases in home-based traditional leisure and digital/online activities and decreases in physical and nature-based activities. Multiple regression analyses controlling for socio-demographic and context-specific covariates revealed distinct associations between changes in leisure engagement and different aspects of mental health (perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and mental wellbeing), supporting leisure's dual role in facilitating stress alleviation and wellbeing enhancement during taxing events, such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyou Shen
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Megan MacDonald
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (M.M.); (S.W.L.); (B.E.H.)
| | - Samuel W. Logan
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (M.M.); (S.W.L.); (B.E.H.)
| | - Colby Parkinson
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Lydia Gorrell
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Bridget E. Hatfield
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (M.M.); (S.W.L.); (B.E.H.)
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24
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Song B, Wang B, Qian J, Zhang Y. Procrastinate at work, sleep badly at night: How job autonomy matters. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baihe Song
- Department of Management The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Management Shanghai University Shanghai China
| | - Jing Qian
- Business School Beijing Normal University Beijing China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Management Shanghai University Shanghai China
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25
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Latorre F, Pérez-Nebra AR, Queiroga F, Alcover CM. How Do Teleworkers and Organizations Manage the COVID-19 Crisis in Brazil? The Role of Flexibility I-Deals and Work Recovery in Maintaining Sustainable Well-Being at Work. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12522. [PMID: 34886247 PMCID: PMC8657203 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the economic market and labor contexts worldwide. Brazil has suffered one of the worst social and governmental managements of the COVID-19 crisis, forcing workers and organizations to develop coping strategies. This environment can affect both well-being and performance at work. Sustainable well-being at work refers to different patterns of relationships between performance and well-being. It may include eudaimonic (e.g., Meaning of Work-MOW) or hedonic (e.g., emotions) forms of well-being. This study tests the moderating role of recovery from work stress in the relationship between flexibility i-deals and patterns of sustainable well-being at work in Brazilian teleworkers. We relied on two studies to achieve this objective. In Study 1, conducted during the pandemic's first outbreak in Brazil (N = 386), recovery experiences moderated the relationship between i-deals and clusters formed by performance and MOW (eudaimonic happiness). In Study 2, conducted during the second outbreak (N = 281), we identified relationships between clusters of emotions (hedonic happiness) and MOW (eudaimonic) with performance. The results supported the idea that recovery experiences moderated the relationship between i-deals and patterns of sustainable well-being at work differently. Our findings have implications for Human Resource Management and teleworkers, especially for employee behaviors to deal with stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felisa Latorre
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (F.L.); (C.-M.A.)
| | - Amalia Raquel Pérez-Nebra
- Department of Management, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Internacional de Valencia, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Fabiana Queiroga
- Department of Psychology, Université Côte D’Azur, Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice, France;
| | - Carlos-María Alcover
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (F.L.); (C.-M.A.)
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26
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Gilsoul J, Libertiaux V, Collette F. Cognitive fatigue in young, middle‐aged, and older: Breaks as a way to recover. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gilsoul
- GIGA‐CRC in Vivo Imaging University of Liège Liège Belgium
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit (PsyNCog) University of Liège Liège Belgium
| | | | - Fabienne Collette
- GIGA‐CRC in Vivo Imaging University of Liège Liège Belgium
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit (PsyNCog) University of Liège Liège Belgium
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27
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Ferreira PDC, Barros A, Pereira N, Marques Pinto A, Veiga Simão AM. How Presenteeism Shaped Teacher Burnout in Cyberbullying Among Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:745252. [PMID: 34744919 PMCID: PMC8567169 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.745252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2 has had an impact on the education sector, and its stakeholders, such as teachers who had to do remote work from their home, despite many constraints. These professionals tried to perform their teaching functions, despite having to deal with adverse situations, such as cyberbullying among their students, as well as their difficulties related to presenteeism and burnout. In this context, this study aimed to understand whether observing cyberbullying among students can be associated with teachers’ productivity loss due to presenteeism and burnout. This study also proposed to examine the role of productivity loss due to presenteeism in the relationship between observing cyberbullying situations among students and teacher burnout. A random sample of 1,044 (Mage=51.05, SD=7.35; 76.6% female) middle school and high school teachers answered an inventory about their experience working at home during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically with regards to cyberbullying incidents they observed among their students, their productivity loss due to presenteeism, and their burnout levels. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that observing students engaging in cyberbullying situations was positively associated with productivity loss due to presenteeism and teacher burnout. Also, teacher’s productivity loss due to presenteeism mediated the relationship between observing cyberbullying incidents among their students and their burnout levels. Specifically, the effect of productivity loss due to presenteeism explained the effect of observing cyberbullying incidents on teachers’ burnout levels. These results are innovative and shed light on the importance of teacher wellbeing at their job in the midst of a pandemic, namely, when they observe their students engaging in hostile situations, which may lead them to greater levels of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula da Costa Ferreira
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Barros
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nádia Pereira
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Marques Pinto
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Veiga Simão
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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28
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Sonnentag S, Tian AW, Cao J, Grushina SV. Positive work reflection during the evening and next‐day work engagement: Testing mediating mechanisms and cyclical processes. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/joop.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Wei Tian
- Curtin University Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Jie Cao
- Shanghai University of Finance and Economics China
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29
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To detach or not to detach? The role of psychological detachment on the relationship between heavy work investment and well-being: A latent profile analysis. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01958-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis study focuses on two types of heavy work investment, namely workaholism and work engagement, and on psychological detachment from work. Both workaholism and work engagement refer to an intense work effort, yet with a different impact on work and personal life. Building on Stressor–Detachment Model (SDM), we examine how different levels of workaholism, work engagement, and psychological detachment influence different outcomes related to employees’ well-being (i.e., perceived health, negative affectivity, positive affectivity). Data were collected from 342 employees via online survey and analyzed by mean of latent profile analysis. Five employee profiles were identified: High-Detachment and Engaged, Heavy Work Investors, Mild-Detachment and Disengaged, Mild-Detachment and Engaged, and Pure Workaholics. The profiles showed different patterns of the outcomes under investigation. Our findings also indicate that psychological detachment is an important factor that alleviates the detrimental effects of heavy work investment on employees’ well-being and that work engagement can play an immediate protecting role for employees’ well-being even in absence of significant levels of psychological detachment.
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30
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Reis D, Hart A, Lehr D, Friese M. Promoting recovery in daily life: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:91. [PMID: 34078453 PMCID: PMC8170631 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00591-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related stress shows steadily increasing prevalence rates and has tangible consequences for individual workers, their organizations, and society as a whole. One mechanism that may help offset the negative outcomes of work-related stress on employees' well-being is recovery. Recovery refers to the experience of unwinding from one's job when not at work. However, employees who experience high levels of work-related stress and are thus particularly in need of recovery tend to struggle to switch-off. Due to the detrimental effects of this prolonged and sustained mental representation of job stressors, interventions promoting recovery may contribute to improvements in employees' mental health. METHODS In this randomized, waitlist controlled trial, we will investigate the effectiveness of two 6-week online training programs (cognitive behavioral and mindfulness-based). The sample will include employees working at least part-time during regular work hours. Besides the pre-post-follow-up assessments, the trial will include measurement bursts with the goal of examining the underlying mechanisms. We expect that both interventions will reduce work-related perseverative thinking (PT) compared with the waitlist control groups (primary outcome). Also, we expect that both interventions will result in similar improvements, but the underlying mechanisms will differ (process outcomes). In the cognitive-behavioral intervention group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in recovery experiences across time. In the mindfulness-based group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in facets of mindfulness across time. DISCUSSION In the present study, we will investigate mechanisms underlying assumed changes in work-related PT in great detail. Besides evaluating the overall effectiveness of the two interventions in terms of pre-post-follow-up changes, we will look at the underlying processes at different levels-that is, within days, within weeks, across weeks, and between individuals. Accordingly, our study will offer a fine-grained approach to investigating potential determinants, mediators, and moderators of the processes that may, in the end, be responsible for work-related strain. From a public health perspective, if effective, the online training programs may offer valuable, low-threshold, and low-intensity interventions for a broad range of occupations. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Registration: DRKS00024933. Registered prospectively 7 April 2021. https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00024933.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Reis
- Saarland University, Campus A2 4, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Alexander Hart
- Saarland University, Campus A2 4, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Dirk Lehr
- Leuphana University, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Malte Friese
- Saarland University, Campus A2 4, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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31
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Eden D. The science of leadership: A journey from survey research to field experimentation. THE LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2020.101472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bollimbala A, James PS, Ganguli S. Impact of Physical Activity on an Individual’s Creativity: A Day-Level Analysis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.5406/amerjpsyc.134.1.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Physical activity is fast emerging as a predictor of complex cognitive processes, yet its impact on creativity is not well researched. This study analyzes the immediate and retention effects of an enjoyable physical activity intervention at the end of the workday on the divergent and convergent thinking components of creativity via a randomized controlled trial of 68 MBA students. The treatment group participated in a 15-min enjoyable physical activity (dance), and the control group participated in an enjoyable nonphysical activity (socialization), and their impact on divergent and convergent thinking was measured via parallel forms of Guilford Alternate Uses Task and Remote Association Task, respectively. Dance significantly improved divergent and convergent thinking immediately after the intervention and also showed retention at the end of the work day compared with preintervention levels, whereas socialization showed such an effect only on flexibility immediately after the intervention and no retention. The results support executive function hypothesis and ego depletion theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Bollimbala
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education and T A Pai Management Institute
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Wendsche J, de Bloom J, Syrek C, Vahle-Hinz T. Always on, never done? How the mind recovers after a stressful workday? GERMAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PERSONALFORSCHUNG 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/23970022211004598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Many workers experience their jobs as effortful or even stressful, which can result in strain. Although recovery from work would be an adaptive strategy to prevent the adverse effects of work-related strain, many workers face problems finding enough time to rest and to mentally disconnect from work during nonwork time. What goes on in workers’ minds after a stressful workday? What is it about their jobs that makes them think about their work? This special issue aims to bridge the gap between research on recovery processes mainly examined in Occupational Health Psychology, and research on work stress and working hours, often investigated in the field of Human Resource Management. We first summarize conceptual and theoretical streams from both fields of research. In the following, we discuss the contributions of the five special issue papers and conclude with key messages and directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica de Bloom
- Tampere University, Finland
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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Playing mobile games for stress recovery purposes: A survey of Chinese adolescents. TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2020.101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gifkins J, Johnston A, Loudoun R, Troth A. Fatigue and recovery in shiftworking nurses: A scoping literature review. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 112:103710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Klusmann U, Aldrup K, Schmidt J, Lüdtke O. Is emotional exhaustion only the result of work experiences? A diary study on daily hassles and uplifts in different life domains. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2020; 34:173-190. [PMID: 33205664 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2020.1845430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Emotional exhaustion is considered to be the key symptom of burnout. Although it has been defined that emotional exhaustion rather results from work-related experience than from other life domains, this has rarely been studied empirically. The study aimed to investigate the role of different life domains in predicting emotional exhaustion. More precisely, we examined whether daily uplifts and hassles from different life domains were related to emotional exhaustion beyond work-related uplifts and hassles. DESIGN A diary study was conducted over the course of 14 consecutive days. METHOD 141 beginning teachers provided information about their daily hassles and uplifts as well as their daily emotional exhaustion. RESULT Results of multilevel analyses showed that work-related uplifts were negatively and work-related hassles were positively related to emotional exhaustion. Additionally, private uplifts were associated with a statistically significant decrease and private hassles with an increase in emotional exhaustion beyond work-related events. CONCLUSION Although the variance in emotional exhaustion that was explained by private events was small, the present study suggests that burnout symptoms might not be completely independent from individuals' daily lives outside work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uta Klusmann
- IPN - Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karen Aldrup
- IPN - Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education, Kiel, Germany
| | - Juliane Schmidt
- IPN - Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education, Kiel, Germany
| | - Oliver Lüdtke
- IPN - Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education, Kiel, Germany.,Centre for International Student Assessment, Munich, Germany
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Garrick A, Mak AS, Cathcart S, Winwood PC, Bakker AB, Lushington K. Non‐Work Time Activities Predicting Teachers’ Work‐Related Fatigue and Engagement: An Effort‐Recovery Approach. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter C Winwood
- Division of Education, Arts and Social Sciences, University of South Australia,
| | - Arnold B Bakker
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam,
| | - Kurt Lushington
- Division of Education, Arts and Social Sciences, University of South Australia,
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Far Away, So Close? The Role of Destructive Leadership in the Job Demands–Resources and Recovery Model in Emergency Telework. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci9110196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During the Covid-19 pandemic, people started teleworking intensively, which has led to some benefits in terms of economic continuity, but also some complaints. International teams of scholars have pointed out the new work-related challenges, underlining leaders’ role in successfully managing them. This study aimed at investigating the role of destructive leadership in the job demands–resources and recovery model during the Covid-19 pandemic. In detail, this study intended to assess (1) whether destructive leadership is positively associated with off-work-hours technology-assisted job demand (off-TAJD) and cognitive demands, as well as whether it decreases autonomy, (2) whether two demands—off-TAJD and cognitive demands—and two resources—social support and autonomy—are respectively negatively and positively related to recovery, and (3) whether recovery mediates the relationship between demands, resources, and exhaustion. A total of 716 French remote workers (61% were women) took part in this study. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. A multi-group structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses. The findings confirmed a significant association between destructive leadership, the two job demands, and autonomy; furthermore, all three variables mediated the relationship between destructive leadership and recovery. The findings showed the key role played by recovery as a mediator between, on one hand, off-TAJD, cognitive demands, autonomy, and social support, and, on the other hand, exhaustion. This study highlighted the role of destructive leadership, job resources, job demands, and recovery as determinants of exhaustion, illustrating their relationships in a sample of remote workers. Practical implications are discussed.
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Dynamics in typewriting performance reflect mental fatigue during real-life office work. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239984. [PMID: 33022017 PMCID: PMC7537853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental fatigue has repeatedly been associated with decline in task performance in controlled situations, such as the lab, and in less controlled settings, such as the working environment. Given that a large number of factors can influence the course of mental fatigue, it is challenging to objectively and unobtrusively monitor mental fatigue on the work floor. We aimed to provide a proof of principle of a method to monitor mental fatigue in an uncontrolled office environment, and to study how typewriting dynamics change over different time-scales (i.e., time-on-task, time-of-day, day-of-week). To investigate this, typewriting performance of university employees was recorded for 6 consecutive weeks, allowing not only to examine performance speed, but also providing a natural setting to study error correction. We show that markers derived from typewriting are susceptible to changes in behavior related to mental fatigue. In the morning, workers first maintain typing speed during prolonged task performance, which resulted in an increased number of typing errors they had to correct. During the day, they seemed to readjust this strategy, reflected in a decline in both typing speed and accuracy. Additionally, we found that on Mondays and Fridays, workers adopted a strategy that favored typing speed, while on the other days of the week typing accuracy was higher. Although workers are allowed to take breaks, mental fatigue builds up during the day. Day-to-day patterns show no increase in mental fatigue over days, indicating that office workers are able to recover from work-related demands after a working day.
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Spagnoli P, Haynes NJ, Kovalchuk LS, Clark MA, Buono C, Balducci C. Workload, Workaholism, and Job Performance: Uncovering Their Complex Relationship. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186536. [PMID: 32911764 PMCID: PMC7557789 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to test how workload, via workaholism, impacts job performance along with the complex interplay of perfectionistic concerns and work engagement in this mediated relationship. A two-wave, first and second stage dual-moderated mediation model was tested in an SEM framework. Results based on a sample of 208 workers revealed a complex and nuanced relationship among the studied constructs, such that the simple mediation model was not significant, but the indirect effect was negative, nonsignificant, or positive conditional on both moderators. The results offer interesting theoretical and practical implications for future studies to be conducted in this area of research. In particular, lower levels of perfectionistic concerns were associated with a positive relationship between workload and workaholism, and lower levels of work engagement were related to a negative link between workaholism and job performance. Findings suggest work engagement should be monitored and promoted by managers, especially when workload, and consequently, the possible risk of workaholism, cannot be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Spagnoli
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (P.S.); (L.S.K.); (C.B.)
| | - Nicholas J. Haynes
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(706)-542-2174
| | - Liliya Scafuri Kovalchuk
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (P.S.); (L.S.K.); (C.B.)
| | - Malissa A. Clark
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Carmela Buono
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (P.S.); (L.S.K.); (C.B.)
| | - Cristian Balducci
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
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Work reflection during leisure time and employee creativity: The role of psychological capital. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/jmo.2020.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This paper explores the relationships among positive and negative work reflection during leisure time, psychological capital, and radical and incremental creativity. We collected data from 500 dyads of employees and their direct supervisors, and employed the structural equation model to test our research hypotheses. The results reveal that positive work reflection during leisure time is positively related to radical and incremental creativity, while negative work reflection during leisure time is negatively related to the two types of creativity. Our findings also suggest that psychological capital mediates the effects of positive and negative work reflection during leisure time on radical and incremental creativity.
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Turgeman-Lupo K, Toker S, Ben-Avi N, Shenhar-Tsarfaty S. The depressive price of being a sandwich-generation caregiver: can organizations and managers help? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2020.1762574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keren Turgeman-Lupo
- Management and Human Resources Program, Israel Academic College in Ramat-Gan, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharon Toker
- Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nili Ben-Avi
- Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty
- Departments of Internal Medicine “”, “D” and “E”, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Israel, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Díaz-Silveira C, Alcover CM, Burgos F, Marcos A, Santed MA. Mindfulness versus Physical Exercise: Effects of Two Recovery Strategies on Mental Health, Stress and Immunoglobulin A during Lunch Breaks. A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082839. [PMID: 32326082 PMCID: PMC7215846 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This research analyses the effects of mindfulness meditation (MM) and physical exercise (PE), practised as daily recovery activities during lunch breaks, on perceived stress, general mental health, and immunoglobin A (IgA). A three-armed randomized controlled trial with 94 employees was conducted for five weeks including two follow-up sessions after one and six months. Daily practice lasted 30 min maximum. Perceived stress and general mental health questionnaires and saliva samples were used. There were significant differences in time factor comparing pre- and post-test of Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) both for PE [Mdiff = 0.10, SE = 0.03, p = 0.03], and for MM [Mdiff = 0.09, SE = 0.03, p = 0.03]. Moreover, there were significant differences of interaction factor when comparing MM vs. PE in total score at pre-post [F = −2.62 (6, 168.84), p = 0.02, ω2 = 0.09], favoring PE with medium and high effect sizes. Regarding General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) variable, practicing MM showed significant effects in time factor compared to pre-Fup2. No significant differences were found for IgA. Thus, practicing both MM and PE as recovery strategies during lunch breaks could reduce perceived stress after five weeks of practice, with better results for PE. Moreover, practicing MM could improve mental health with effects for 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Díaz-Silveira
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain; (C.D.-S.); (C.-M.A.)
| | - Carlos-María Alcover
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain; (C.D.-S.); (C.-M.A.)
| | - Francisco Burgos
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, c/Juan del Rosal 10, 29040 Madrid, Spain; (F.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alberto Marcos
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, c/Juan del Rosal 10, 29040 Madrid, Spain; (F.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Miguel A. Santed
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, c/Juan del Rosal 10, 29040 Madrid, Spain; (F.B.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-646-51-75-77
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Panthee B, Panthee S, Shimazu A, Kawakami N. Validation of the Nepalese version of Recovery Experience Questionnaire. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03645. [PMID: 32258509 PMCID: PMC7118302 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
People with stressful situations tend to experience lower psychological well-being highlighting the importance of involvement in activities or strategies that have the potential to promote recovery after stressful work situations. This study aimed to validate the Nepalese version of the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ-N), which evaluates how individuals unwind and recuperate from work in their leisure time. Registered nurses of three university hospitals (N = 438) in Nepal were asked to complete the REQ-N voluntarily and the data was analyzed using SPSS-20 and AMOS. Reliability was examined by using the Cronbach alpha coefficient. Factorial validity was examined by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was examined by examining the relationships with psychological distress, overall health, happiness, job performance and job satisfaction. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for four subscales ranged from 0.67 to 0.70. A hypothesized four-factor model fitted better to the data. As expected, mastery and control subscales correlated with psychological distress, overall health, happiness, job performance, and job satisfaction. However, psychological detachment subscale correlated with poor health and relaxation subscale correlated with low job satisfaction. The REQ-N displayed an acceptable level of internal-consistency reliability. The theory-based four-factor structure and the association with psychological distress, overall health, happiness, job performance and job satisfaction for mastery and control experience subscales supported the construct validity (including factor-based validity). However, some of the model fit statistics could not meet the minimum recommendations suggesting a need of a large study involving a heterogeneous population. Also, unexpected findings for psychological detachment and relaxation may reflect the culture and values of Nepalese people and need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimala Panthee
- Patan Academy of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sanepa, Nepal
- Sustainable Study and Research Institute, Kathmandu-16, Balaju, Nepal
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Suresh Panthee
- Sustainable Study and Research Institute, Kathmandu-16, Balaju, Nepal
| | - Akihito Shimazu
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Faculty of Policy Management, Keio University 5322 Endo, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0882 Japan
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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DE Jonge J. What makes a good work break? Off-job and on-job recovery as predictors of employee health. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2020; 58:142-152. [PMID: 31423002 PMCID: PMC7118062 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2019-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recovery from work today seems to be crucial for health care employees' health, so it is important to uncover ways how to facilitate and improve adequate recovery from work. Focusing on the recovery concept of detachment from work, this study investigated associations between detachment after work and during work breaks and individual health among health care employees from a general hospital in the Netherlands. An online cross-sectional survey study was conducted comprising a sample of 368 health care employees of different departments. Controlling for demographics in hierarchical regression analyses, results showed that when health care employees experienced more cognitive detachment after work, they reported less concentration problems. Second, when employees experienced more emotional detachment after work, they reported less feelings of emotional exhaustion, less depressive feelings, and less sleep problems. Finally, in case employees experienced more physical detachment after work, they reported less concentration problems, less feelings of emotional exhaustion, less sleep problems and less physical health problems. No significant associations were found for detachment during work breaks. In conclusion, findings add to current recovery research showing that detachment after work is an important predictor for health care employees' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan DE Jonge
- Human Performance Management Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
- Department of Social, Health and Organisational Psychology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
- School of Psychology, Asia Pacific Centre for Work Health and Safety, University of South Australia, Australia
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Clauss E, Hoppe A, Schachler V, O’Shea D. Occupational self-efficacy and work engagement as moderators in the stressor-detachment model. WORK AND STRESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2020.1743790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Clauss
- Confederation of German Employers’ Associations, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annekatrin Hoppe
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vivian Schachler
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Deirdre O’Shea
- Department of Work and Employment Studies, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Gnacinski SL, Nai M, Brady M, Meyer BB, Newman N. An Examination of Athletic Trainers' Occupational Recovery Experiences During Time After Work. J Athl Train 2020; 55:532-537. [PMID: 32216657 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-26-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although researchers have directed scholars toward investigating the effectiveness of the nonwork personal time of athletic trainers (ATs), no one has characterized the occupational recovery experiences of ATs. OBJECTIVE To examine the reliability and validity of the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) for use in AT populations. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Web-based survey. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 144 ATs (71 men, 73 women) working in a variety of National Collegiate Athletic Association sports across all levels of competition. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The REQ was administered to assess the AT recovery experience. RESULTS Preliminary evidence emerged for the reliability (ω = 0.80-0.90) and validity of the REQ for use in AT populations. Weak linear relationships were identified between stress and perceptions of psychological detachment (r = -0.314, P < .001), mastery (r = -0.179, P = .32), control (r = -0.284, P = .001), and relaxation (r = -0.157, P = .06). CONCLUSIONS Our results support measuring and applying occupational recovery for AT stress and work-life balance. Given that occupational recovery as a construct was only weakly related to stress, it is clearly a unique and distinct variable worth considering within the work-life balance line of inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mellanie Nai
- Department of Kinesiology-Integrated Health Care and Performance Unit, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
| | - Megan Brady
- Athletic Training, Drake University, Des Moines, IA
| | - Barbara B Meyer
- Department of Kinesiology-Integrated Health Care and Performance Unit, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
| | - Nate Newman
- Athletic Training, Drake University, Des Moines, IA
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Employees' Weekend Activities and Psychological Well-Being via Job Stress: A Moderated Mediation Role of Recovery Experience. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051642. [PMID: 32138361 PMCID: PMC7084709 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An employee’s off-work activities are known to contribute positively to recovering their energy levels depleted by daily work. Despite this view and understanding, the effect of employees’ weekend activities on their psychological well-being has not attracted sufficient research interest. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between employees’ weekend activities and their psychological well-being, and the mediating role of job stress in the above relationship. We also investigated the moderating role of the recovery experiences in the relationship between employees’ weekend activities and job stress. Furthermore, we examined the moderated mediating effect of recovery experiences on the relationship among employees’ weekend activity, job stress, and psychological well-being. The survey data was obtained from 294 employees working in 15 manufacturing companies in South Korea. The participants were 71.1% men and 28.9% women, 49.7% were university graduates, followed by 26.2% college graduates, 12.6% high school graduates, 10.2% post-graduates, and 1.4% Ph.D. holders. In terms of age composition, 50% participants were in their thirties, followed by 19.7% in their forties. The empirical analysis revealed that weekend activities are positively associated with employees’ psychological well-being. Moreover, job stress was found to mediate the relationship between weekend activities and psychological well-being. We also found that the recovery experiences positively moderated the relationship between weekend activities and job stress. Further, the study revealed that the higher the level of recovery experience, the greater the effect of weekend activities on psychological well-being affected by job stress. The paper also discusses the theoretical and practical implications of the study.
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Sato K, Kuroda S, Owan H. Mental health effects of long work hours, night and weekend work, and short rest periods. Soc Sci Med 2020; 246:112774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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50
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Yao Y, Dresner M, Zhu KX. “Monday Effect” on Performance Variations in Supply Chain Fulfillment: How Information Technology–Enabled Procurement May Help. INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1287/isre.2019.0870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
If labor productivity varies in unknown ways over time, this could lead to unforeseen fluctuations in production or delivery rates, leading to stockouts or inventory build-up in a supply chain, while contributing to higher operating costs and to lower satisfaction levels for customers. The “Monday Effect,” that is lower productivity and higher error rates on Mondays compared with other days of the week, has been demonstrated in the finance and industrial relations literature. Using a database of 12 months of purchases from the General Services Administration (GSA) of the U.S. government (a key distributor of goods to government purchasers), we show that, indeed, performance is lower on Mondays compared with other weekdays in terms of order fulfillment and order cycle time. However, when purchasers use the GSA’s internet-based electronic market instead of using manual ordering procedures, the fulfillment gap between Mondays and other weekdays narrows considerably, demonstrating the value of information technology in smoothing distribution flows. By acknowledging the Monday Effect, distributors can thus plan for these weekly fluctuations and use information technology to improve service levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Yao
- College of Business, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - Martin Dresner
- Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Kevin Xiaoguo Zhu
- Rady School of Management, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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