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Başcıllar M, Güre MDP, Sakarya H. Examination of the relationship between post-traumatic growth and social support and life satisfaction in wounded veterans in Turkey. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 47:10-15. [PMID: 38070988 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to examine the effects of social support and life satisfaction on post-traumatic growth in wounded veterans in Turkey. METHODS 1175 wounded veterans participated in the cross-sectional study. The sociodemographic questionnaire, the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were used to collect data. Data were analyzed via SPSS. RESULTS The results of the study show that the mean age is 43.04 ± 7.36. The participants are low in education and socioeconomic level. The mean of the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory score is 43.44 ± 21.18, the mean of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support score is 50.01 ± 15.23, and the mean of the Satisfaction With Life Scale score is 9.86 ± 4.04. The results of the study show that there is a positive relationship between social support and life satisfaction and post-traumatic growth. CONCLUSION It can be suggested to develop psychosocial intervention strategies and service delivery systems to promote the life satisfaction, social support mechanisms of wounded veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Başcıllar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Malatya Turgut Özal University, Malatya, Turkey.
| | | | - Hakan Sakarya
- Social Work Department, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Gnall KE, Sacco SJ, Park CL, Mazure CM, Hoff RA. Life meaning and mental health in post-9/11 veterans: the mediating role of perceived stress. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2023; 36:743-756. [PMID: 36542555 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2022.2154341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Post-9/11 veterans frequently experience diminished mental health following military service. Life meaning is related to better mental health in veterans, yet its mechanism of action is unknown. A meaning-making model suggests that life meaning can reduce perceived stress, thus enhancing mental health. The present study tested this meaning-making model by predicting multiple dimensions of mental health (i.e., symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, insomnia, and depression, and mental health quality of life) from life meaning as mediated by perceived stress. DESIGN AND METHODS The present study was a secondary analysis of a 12-month observational study of 367 post-9/11 veterans. Participants completed demographic and health surveys at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups. A multivariate mediation model was created predicting changes in dimensions of mental health from 6 months to 12 months. RESULTS Higher life meaning at baseline predicted changes in all dimensions of mental health between 6 and 12 months, an effect mediated by changes in perceived stress between baseline and 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Across dimensions of mental health, the meaning-making model was supported. Understanding post-9/11 veteran mental health from this theoretical perspective may help better tailor healthcare efforts and enhance veteran health overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Gnall
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Shane J Sacco
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Crystal L Park
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Carolyn M Mazure
- Department of Psychiatry, Women's Health Research at YaleYale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rani A Hoff
- Northeast Program Evaluation Center (NEPEC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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Seol JH, Sohn YW, Yoo M, Park Y. Decent Work, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Posttraumatic Growth From the Psychology of Working Perspective: A Three-Wave Study of Military Personnel. JOURNAL OF CAREER ASSESSMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/10690727231163321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Scholarly interest in the relationship between decent work and mental health based on the Psychology of Working Theory has recently increased. This study evaluated the indirect effects of survival, social contribution, and self-determination needs satisfaction on the relationship between decent work and trauma-related mental health among military personnel. We conducted a three-wave survey over 1 year. Results showed that decent work predicted satisfaction of the three basic needs. Additionally, survival needs directly predicted posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, while social contribution and self-determination needs directly predicted posttraumatic growth. Finally, decent work had a significant indirect effect on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms via survival needs, whereas decent work had significant indirect effects on posttraumatic growth via social contribution and self-determination needs. Our findings suggest that the more military personnel perceive their work as decent and feel that their three basic needs are fulfilled, the more posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms diminish, and posttraumatic growth increases. We discuss the implications and need for follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hoon Seol
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woo Sohn
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjun Yoo
- Department of Humanities, R.O.K Naval Academy, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonguk Park
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bambrah V, Wyman A, Eastwood JD. A longitudinal approach to understanding boredom during pandemics: The predictive roles of trauma and emotion dysregulation. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1050073. [PMID: 36710786 PMCID: PMC9880451 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1050073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Research during the COVID-19 pandemic and prior outbreaks suggest that boredom is linked to poor compliance with critical lifesaving social distancing and quarantine guidelines, as well as to numerous mental health difficulties. As such, continued understanding on what contributes to boredom is imperative. Extending beyond the roles of constraint, monotony, and trait dispositions (e.g., individual differences in boredom propensity), and informed by prior theories on the emotional contributors of boredom, the current longitudinal study examined the predictive role of "pandemic trauma" on people's boredom, with a focus on how emotion dysregulation mediates this relationship. Community participants (N = 345) completed questionnaires three times across an average of 3 1/2 weeks, rating their pandemic trauma, emotion dysregulation, and boredom over the past week each time. Pandemic trauma was assessed with items querying exposure to coronavirus, as well as the financial, resource-related, and interpersonal pandemic stressors that participants experienced. Emotion dysregulation was assessed with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Boredom was assessed with the short-form Multidimensional State Boredom Scale. The results of a theory-informed mediation model showed that participants' pandemic trauma at Time 1 positively and modestly predicted their boredom at Time 3 and that this relationship was partially and moderately mediated by participants' lack of emotional clarity and difficulties with engaging in goal-directed behaviors at Time 2. When people experience pandemic-related trauma, they subsequently struggle to understand their feelings and engage in goal-oriented actions, and, in turn, feel more bored. Theoretical and clinical implications as related to the emotional underpinnings of boredom are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerpal Bambrah
- Boredom Lab, Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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5
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Seol JH, Park Y, Lee AR, Sohn YW. Calling as a double-edged sword for posttraumatic outcomes among Air Force pilots: The mediating roles of adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03819-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Qu J, Tu Z, Zheng X, Wang M, Shen X. Potentially traumatic events and post-traumatic growth among Chinese peacekeepers: A moderated mediation model. Clin Psychol Psychother 2022; 29:1867-1876. [PMID: 35560963 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Peacekeepers are inherently exposed to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) in the line of duty. However, little is known about whether PTEs during peacekeeping missions may foster post-traumatic growth (PTG) among peacekeepers and its mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the association between PTEs and PTG among Chinese peacekeepers, as well as the mediating role of coping style and the moderating role of resilience. Five hundred ninety-five Chinese peacekeepers completing the United Nations (UN) peacekeeping mission in South Sudan and returning to China were recruited to complete Peacekeeping Traumatic Stress Exposure Scale, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and the Chinese version of Connor and Davidson's Resilience Scale. PTEs were positively associated with PTG among Chinese peacekeepers. Coping style partially mediated the association between PTEs and PTG. Resilience moderated the association between coping style and PTG. Specifically, at a lower level of resilience, positive coping style was more effective in predicting PTG. This study contributes to understanding the complex association between PTEs in peacekeeping missions, coping style, resilience and PTG by focusing on the experiences of Chinese peacekeepers and adds value to the current literature on psychological health in peacekeepers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Qu
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China.,Department of Nursing, The 988th Hospital of Logistics Support Force of PLA, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Tu
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Xican Zheng
- Department of Nursing, The 988th Hospital of Logistics Support Force of PLA, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Minjie Wang
- Department of Nursing, The 988th Hospital of Logistics Support Force of PLA, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinghua Shen
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
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Meaning Making and Change in Situational Beliefs Serially Mediate the Relationship Between Moral Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12646-022-00642-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Preston AM, Saigal S, Barrie R, McKinney H, Mooney S, Padala PR. Defeated No More: Meaning-Making After Military Sexual Trauma. Mil Med 2022; 188:usab528. [PMID: 35043959 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usab528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Military sexual trauma (MST) has been a concern within our U.S. military for many years. Many interventions have been found to benefit this population, although meaning-based interventions are still lacking in this area. The purpose of this phenomenological study is to understand the meaning-making process and themes that arise for female military veterans as they narrate their experience(s) of MST. MATERIALS AND METHODS The qualitative study consisted of six female participants, from different areas across the nation, who all reported experiencing MST during their time in service. Their experiences of MST included both sexual harassment and sexual assault. Participants completed a semi-structured interview that was analyzed using an axial coding method to discover the major themes of each participant's interview. The participants discussed the positive and negative aspects of their journey following their MST experience(s). This study's procedures were approved by Adler University's Institutional Review Board. RESULTS Many found the interview to be a healing experience on their path of post-traumatic growth (PTG). There were eight major themes that arose from the data analysis under the three main domains of (1) creating a work or doing a deed, (2) experiencing something or encountering someone in a way to produce PTG, and (3) altering one's attitude toward unavoidable suffering. The eight themes were as follows: advocacy, adaptive coping, sense of family unit, psychological clarity, meaningful mantra, survivor mentality code, view of self in the world, and resiliency. CONCLUSIONS All participants endorsed engagement in some type of activity that fell into one of the three major domains identified above. This finding helped highlight the PTG that participants were able to experience through their meaning-making journey. There were several recommendations and study implications that were derived from this research study. With the themes introduced from this study, future treatment planning for individual survivors of MST can be better informed by the utilization of meaning-making techniques. Family and group meaning-based interventions would also be an area of continued exploration for this population. Future implications for practice are also included within this article. Significant limitations of the study include amount of participants, lack of diversity in sample population, qualitative study results, and lack of a more-personal interviewing process.
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Mendoza NB, Mordeno IG, Nalipay MJN. The Transdiagnostic Role of Rumination in the Comorbidity of PTSD and Depression. JOURNAL OF LOSS & TRAUMA 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2021.2018197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Imelu G. Mordeno
- Mindanao State University–Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan, Philippines
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10
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Simonič B. The Power of Women's Faith in Coping with Intimate Partner Violence: Systematic Literature Review. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:4278-4295. [PMID: 33704630 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Violence in an intimate partnership is a form of domestic violence where physical or psychological acts of violence are committed by a partner or spouse against another partner or spouse, and other family members may be victims as well. Its prevalence is worrisome and is not limited to any specific circumstances. It also occurs in Christian families, and research data show that the rate of intimate partner violence in Christian families is no higher or lower compared to the general incidence. That being said, religiosity combined with other factors may contribute to the vulnerability of the victim or the power of the perpetrator. On the other hand, religious values and aspects provide protection and support in preventing violence in Christian families and recovering after violence has occurred. We analysed 18 different studies on intimate partner violence in Christian families using the systematic literature review method, and in this paper, we present findings that indicate which aspects of Christian tradition and practice, in combination with other factors, provide protection and support in preventing violence and helping to recover from it for women who are the victims of violence by their intimate partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Simonič
- Department for Marital and Family Therapy and Psychology and Sociology of Religion, Faculty of Theology, University of Ljubljana, Poljanska cesta 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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11
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Exposure to Violence, Coping, and Academic Achievement in Latinx Adolescents. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12310-021-09484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Stein JY, Bachem R, Lahav Y, Solomon Z. The aging of heroes: Posttraumatic stress, resilience and growth among aging decorated veterans. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2020.1725606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Y. Stein
- I-CORE Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rahel Bachem
- I-CORE Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Lahav
- I-CORE Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zahava Solomon
- I-CORE Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Seol JH, Park Y, Choi J, Sohn YW. The Mediating Role of Meaning in Life in the Effects of Calling on Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Growth: A Longitudinal Study of Navy Soldiers Deployed to the Gulf of Aden. Front Psychol 2021; 11:599109. [PMID: 33574782 PMCID: PMC7870474 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.599109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the mediating role of meaning in life in the effect of calling on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among navy soldiers of the Republic of Korea deployed to the Gulf of Aden, Somalia. Participants responded to the questionnaire survey three times (pre-deployment, deployment, and post-deployment) at 4-month intervals. From the first, second, and third surveys, data were collected for 223, 195, and 103 respondents, respectively. Results showed that calling had a negative effect on PTSD, fully mediated by meaning in life, whereas calling had a positive effect on PTG, partially mediated by meaning in life. Our findings suggest that calling acts as a positive psychological resource for maintaining the meaning in life throughout stressful events experienced during deployment, thereby reducing posttraumatic stress symptoms and promoting post-deployment psychological growth. Finally, theoretical and practical implications and the need for follow-up studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Young Woo Sohn
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kelmendi K, Mulaj I, Zymberi M, Kadiri S. Meaning-Making of War Experiences: Stories From Kosova. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2020; 86:89-118. [PMID: 32993418 DOI: 10.1177/0030222820962251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The research evidence shows that war had many detrimental effects on the mental health, wellbeing, and social functioning of the people of Kosova, which is similar to the findings in many other postconflict societies. However, there are few studies focusing on the process of meaning-making of war experiences and their impacts on resilience and growth. This phenomenological study aimed to explore the lived war experiences of citizens of Kosova from the perspectives of three generations (grandparents, parents and children) through semistructured interviews, which were conducted with 37 participants. Thematic analysis revealed that the journey of the meaning-making of war experiences in Kosova is rather dynamic and reflects the context in which each generational cohort lived and grew. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the strategies used by each generation for meaning-making and how these strategies contributed to resilience and growth. The implications for mental health counselors, social workers, and policymakers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaltrina Kelmendi
- Department of Psychology, University of Pristina, "Hasan Prishtina", Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Ilirjana Mulaj
- Department of Psychology, University of Pristina, "Hasan Prishtina", Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Malisa Zymberi
- Department of Psychology, University of Pristina, "Hasan Prishtina", Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Saranda Kadiri
- Department of Psychology, University of Pristina, "Hasan Prishtina", Pristina, Kosovo
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Keller EM, Owens GP, Perkins M, Hamrick LA. A qualitative analysis of meaning-making and mental health among OIF/OEF veterans. J Clin Psychol 2020; 76:1851-1868. [PMID: 32394435 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE After combat, veterans may experience mental health symptomology and attempt to make meaning from their experiences. The present study qualitatively examined the mental health effects of deployment and meaning-making among Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) or Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) veterans. METHOD OIF/OEF veterans who were exposed to combat (N = 14) participated in semi-structured interviews to assess how their perspectives had changed post-deployment. Most participants (86%) were male, with a mean age of 30. RESULTS Veterans described issues post-combat that caused psychological distress or promoted distancing from others. Veterans also discussed factors that could promote or hinder meaning-making, including perceptions of growth, changed global beliefs, and disillusionment. Finally, veterans described psychological reactions to death, which could be related to moral injury. CONCLUSION Mental health concerns, meaning-making, and consideration of mortality appear to characterize veterans' experiences post-deployment. These constructs may be important for clinicians to consider when working with OIF/OEF veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Keller
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Gina P Owens
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Marjorie Perkins
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Lauren A Hamrick
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
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Mordeno IG, Luzano JGC, Mordeno ER, Ferolino MAL. Investigating the latent dimensions of posttraumatic stress disorder and the role of anxiety sensitivity in combat-exposed Filipino soldiers. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 32:223-236. [PMID: 38536310 PMCID: PMC10013399 DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2020.1724594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the optimal factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has recently been reinvigorated in literature due to the substantial changes to its diagnostic criteria in the fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Currently, six models of PTSD are supported in literature, but there is no consensus on the best-fitting factor structure. Additionally, the extant literature examining the relationship between PTSD symptom-grouping and AS in the latent level has been scarce. The present study's objectives are two-fold: first, we aimed to identify the best-fitted model of PTSD by comparing the six empirically-supported models, and; second, we examined the relationship between the best-fitting model with anxiety sensitivity (AS). Utilizing a sample of 476 combat-exposed soldiers, the results suggest that both the anhedonia and hybrid models provide the best fit to the data, with the anhedonia model achieving slightly better fit indices. Further, the examination on the influence of AS to PTSD reveal that while there is a pattern of decreasing factor loadings and factor correlations when accounting for AS, the changes are not significant to alter the PTSD symptom-structure. Based on these results, our findings suggest further investigation on the possible mediating or moderating mechanisms by which AS may influence PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imelu G. Mordeno
- Department of Professional Education, College of Education, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Jelli Grace C. Luzano
- Graduate Studies, College of Education, Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Emelyn R. Mordeno
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Michelle Anne L. Ferolino
- Graduate Studies, College of Education, Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines
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Herr DJ, Buchanan EM. Generativity and other buffers of death awareness in first responders. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2019; 33:193-206. [PMID: 31775534 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2019.1695522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Anxiety buffer disruption theory (ABDT) predicts that posttraumatic stress reactions occur when buffers of awareness of death, such as meaning in life, self-esteem, and social intimacy, fail to suppress overwhelming death-anxiety. In this study, we hypothesized that generativity may also serve as an effective buffer of awareness of death and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Design: The present study investigated the presence of anxiety buffering disruption in first responders with a spectrum of posttraumatic stress via a mediation path model of self-report measures of PTSD symptoms, anxiety buffer variables, and death-thought accessibility.Methods: To investigate the role of anxiety buffering in PTSD, a sample of 986 first responders completed self-report measures of PTSD symptoms and anxiety buffer variables in randomized order, and a death-thought accessibility measure following random assignment to mortality salience (n = 290) or control (n = 302) conditioning.Results and Conclusion: Results of structural equation modeling indicated PTSD symptoms have a small relation to increased awareness of death whereas anxiety buffering variables did not mediate the relation between PTSD symptoms and awareness of death. Nonetheless, generativity and meaning in life, self-esteem, and social support were significant predictors of lower levels of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Herr
- Psychology Department, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, USA
| | - Erin M Buchanan
- Harrisburg University of Science and Technology, Analytics, Harrisburg, PA, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Conceptual understandings of meaning-making suggest that it may have protective value in regard to alcohol misuse and suicidal behavior. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine whether meaning-making attenuated the relationship between alcohol misuse and suicide risk severity in a population of active-duty service members. METHODS The sample (N = 97) was recruited while presenting for emergency behavioral health services in circumstances indicative of high-risk suicidality: endorsing current suicidal ideation with intent to die. Those who reported ideation with a lifetime history of a past suicide attempt were conceptualized as being in a more severe category of suicide risk than ideation without a lifetime history of a past suicide attempt. Participants completed the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test consumption questions, and items that assessed demographic variables. Data were analyzed using chi-squared test of independence, Fisher's exact test, Kendall rank correlation coefficient, and logistic regression modeling. RESULTS Regression analysis identified a statistically significant association between number of drinks consumed daily and reporting a lifetime history of a past suicide attempt, odds ratio (OR) = 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.11, 2.32], p = .01. Number of drinks consumed remained significant even after adjusting for both the search for and presence of meaning, OR = 1.70, 95% CI [1.16, 2.51], p = .01. These results remained unchanged even when adjusting for gender, race, ethnicity, and relationship status. No statistically significant interaction effects were noted between meaning-making and alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Meaning-making did not appear to attenuate the effect of alcohol misuse on suicide risk severity in a sample of service members at high-risk of suicidality. Additional research is needed to better understand the relationship among meaning-making, alcohol misuse, and suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek S Kopacz
- a U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs , VISN 2 Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention , Canandaigua , New York , USA.,b U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs , Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Mental Health and Chaplaincy , Durham , North Carolina , USA
| | - Craig J Bryan
- c National Center for Veterans Studies , The University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| | - Todd M Bishop
- a U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs , VISN 2 Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention , Canandaigua , New York , USA.,d University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA
| | - Lisham Ashrafioun
- a U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs , VISN 2 Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention , Canandaigua , New York , USA.,d University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA
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Grimell J. Advancing an understanding of selves in transition: I-positions as an analytical tool. CULTURE & PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 24:190-211. [PMID: 29881325 PMCID: PMC5967103 DOI: 10.1177/1354067x17707451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Self-identity work appears to be a challenge for many service members as they
transition and reintegrate into civilian life. When other cultural influences
seem to threaten an established self as it labors with transition, tension and
conflict may arise and can potentially impact mental health. Insights from an
ongoing longitudinal project on the subject matter indicate that an analysis of
an individual, which utilizes the concept of I-positions may serve as a useful
analytical tool during these processes. A longitudinal methodology combining a
narrative approach with such an exploration of I-positions derived from a
dialogical self framework may prove to be a promising avenue to advance the
understanding of selves in transition beyond the dichotomy of the military and
civilian spheres. The bridging capacity of I-positions lies partly in the
capacity of significant others to link the self to both spheres and to help fill
the perceived void between these two realms, which in reality may be overlapping
and intertwined. The findings suggest, facilitated by two case study examples,
that military transition to civilian life may benefit from a dialogical
approach. This dialogical mind-set could even already be introduced and
established during basic training. However, there is also a shared
responsibility for individuals in civilian contexts to invite former service
members into open dialogue just as the service members themselves shall strive
to initiate earnest dialogue. Future research is encouraged to widen the
methodology and knowledge of selves in transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Grimell
- The Amsterdam Center for the Study of Lived Religion, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Stein JY, Levin Y, Bachem R, Solomon Z. Growing Apart: A Longitudinal Assessment of the Relation Between Post-traumatic Growth and Loneliness Among Combat Veterans. Front Psychol 2018; 9:893. [PMID: 29930525 PMCID: PMC5999757 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aftermath of war-related trauma may entail psychological devastation and is typically accompanied by various deleterious phenomena. These include, but are not limited to, high rates of loneliness. However, trauma may also result in positive outcomes such as personal, spiritual, and relational prosperity, which are typically considered under the conceptual framework of post-traumatic growth (PTG). PTG may theoretically contribute to either loneliness amelioration (e.g., via increasing one's appreciation of close relationships) or exacerbation (e.g., by increasing one's sense of undergoing experiences that others do not share). Loneliness, on the other hand, may potentially hinder PTG by fostering negative social cognitions and behaviors, or otherwise lead to personal growth. The relations between the two phenomena, however, have yet to be investigated. Filling this gap, the current study examined the aforementioned potentialities by utilizing an autoregressive cross-lagged modeling strategy (ARCL) with a cohort of 260 Israeli combat veterans assessed 30, 35, and 42 years after their participation in the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Results indicated that higher rates of PTG were consistently related to higher rates of loneliness both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Loneliness, however, did not longitudinally predict PTG rates. It is suggested that these findings may be understood in light of the observation that veterans' loneliness is primarily related to the experience of being experientially out of sync with people who have not endured war experiences. It is suggested that this experiential loneliness may include not only the negative but also the positive ramifications of undergoing such traumas (i.e., PTG). We, therefore, argue that while PTG may include authentic positive transformations it may also lead to more negative ramifications, and these should be identified and addressed by researchers and clinicians alike. Thus, as study limitations are acknowledged, clinical implications, and future research directions are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Y. Stein
- I-CORE Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yafit Levin
- I-CORE Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rahel Bachem
- I-CORE Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zahava Solomon
- I-CORE Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Dulaney ES, Graupmann V, Grant KE, Adam EK, Chen E. Taking on the stress-depression link: Meaning as a resource in adolescence. J Adolesc 2018. [PMID: 29525578 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We investigated how meaning in life affects the link between stress and depression symptoms in adolescents. Adolescents (N = 177; 58.4% female, mean age = 14.75 years) reported on their meaning in life, exposure to stressors, and depression symptomatology. Higher meaning in life predicted lower depression symptoms. Importantly, meaning in life moderated the relationship between stress exposure and depressive symptoms: stress exposure was associated with higher depression when meaning in life was low, when meaning in life was high, there was no association between stressors and depression. These findings indicate the importance of having a sense of meaning in life adolescence. A positive relationship was found between stress exposure and depression symptomatology levels at a time-point seven months earlier. This lends a longitudinal perspective; meaning in life moderated a relationship that had been present for seven months. Therapeutic implications for protecting at-risk youth are discussed.
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Johnson WB, Johnson M, Landsinger KL. Trauma-informed supervision in deployed military settings. CLINICAL SUPERVISOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/07325223.2017.1413472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Brad Johnson
- Department of Leadership, Ethics & Law, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, United States
| | - Matthew Johnson
- Department of Leadership, Ethics & Law, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, United States
| | - Kristin L. Landsinger
- Department of Leadership, Ethics & Law, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, United States
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Grimell J. Making dialogue with an existential voice in transition from military to civilian life. THEORY & PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 27:832-850. [PMID: 29249868 PMCID: PMC5703081 DOI: 10.1177/0959354317739164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dialogical Self Theory has contributed to the endeavors to map and grid self-identity work in transition from military to civilian life throughout an empirical and longitudinal research project which focuses on existential dimensions. This article is based on a case study from this project and centers upon Sergeant Jonas, who, upon his return from deployment in Afghanistan, struggled with his transition as a new existential position was vocalized throughout the following annual interviews. This voice narrated feelings of meaninglessness, emptiness, and of having been deceived. In turn, this existential voice required an answer to a question which apparently had no answer. The meaning-making eventually evolved into an acceptance which enabled Jonas to proceed with his life. Dialogical processes between positions are important in order to go on with life amid existential concerns in the aftermath of military service since dialogicality of the self opens up a complex of dynamics of meaning-making processes, negotiations, and transformations. Based on the findings, it is suggested that the Personal Position Repertoire could potentially be strengthened by the addition of an internal existential position to its standard repertoire, at least when working with military personnel and/or veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Grimell
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Kaur N, Porter B, LeardMann CA, Tobin LE, Lemus H, Luxton DD. Evaluation of a modified version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form. BMC Med Res Methodol 2017; 17:69. [PMID: 28427350 PMCID: PMC5399389 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-017-0344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Posttraumatic growth is the positive change resulting from traumatic experiences and is typically assessed with retrospective measures like the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). The PTGI was designed to include reference to a specific traumatic event, making it difficult to implement, without change, in prospective survey studies. Thus, a modified Posttraumatic Growth Inventory–Short Form (PTGI-SF) was included in a large prospective study of current and former U.S. military personnel. The current study provides preliminary psychometric data for this modified measure and its ability to assess psychological well-being at a single time point. Methods The study population (N = 135,843) was randomly and equally split into exploratory and confirmatory samples that were proportionately balanced on trauma criterion. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to assess the psychometric validity of the modified measure. The final model was also assessed in a subset of the confirmatory sample with a history of trauma using CFA. Results Results supported a single-factor model with two additional correlations between items assessing spirituality and items assessing compassion/appreciation for others. This model also fits among the subset with a history of trauma. The resulting measure was strongly associated with social support and personal mastery. Conclusions The modified PTGI-SF in this study captures psychological well-being in cross-sectional assessments, in addition to being able to measure posttraumatic growth with multiple assessments. Results indicate that the modified measure is represented by a single factor, but that items assessing spirituality and compassion/appreciation for others may be used alone to better capture these constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur
- Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd., San Diego, CA, 92106-3521, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., 6720A Rockledge Dr. #100 Bethesda, Baltimore, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Ben Porter
- Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd., San Diego, CA, 92106-3521, USA. .,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., 6720A Rockledge Dr. #100 Bethesda, Baltimore, MD, 20817, USA.
| | - Cynthia A LeardMann
- Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd., San Diego, CA, 92106-3521, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., 6720A Rockledge Dr. #100 Bethesda, Baltimore, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Laura E Tobin
- Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd., San Diego, CA, 92106-3521, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., 6720A Rockledge Dr. #100 Bethesda, Baltimore, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Hector Lemus
- Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd., San Diego, CA, 92106-3521, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., 6720A Rockledge Dr. #100 Bethesda, Baltimore, MD, 20817, USA
| | - David D Luxton
- Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd., San Diego, CA, 92106-3521, USA
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25
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Pless Kaiser A, Wang J, Davison EH, Park CL, Mager Stellman J. Stressful and positive experiences of women who served in Vietnam. J Women Aging 2016; 29:26-38. [PMID: 27428167 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2015.1019812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anica Pless Kaiser
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joyce Wang
- MAVERIC, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- RTI International, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eve H. Davison
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Crystal L. Park
- Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jeanne Mager Stellman
- Health Policy and Management, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Wright B, Forbes A, Kelsall H, Clarke D, Ikin J, Sim M. 'Post-deployment appraisal' and the relationship with stress and psychological health in Australian veterans. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2015; 50:1885-92. [PMID: 26385548 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-015-1054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding how veterans appraise their post-deployment experiences could provide insight into better assisting their deployment transitions. We aimed to assess the factor structure of positive and negative post-deployment appraisals in Australian veterans and to examine the resultant factors in their relationship with military stress and psychological health. METHOD Questions capturing post-deployment attitudes were developed by the researchers in collaboration with veterans. The questions were administered to 1938 veterans and the results factor analysed. The relationships between post-deployment appraisal, military stress and psychological health were examined using Structural Equation Modelling. RESULTS A three-factor solution was found for the post-deployment appraisal questions; representing personal development, lack of recognition, and appreciation of life and country. Military stress was associated with the three factors and psychological health. The three factors were weakly to moderately associated with psychological health. Mediation between military stress and psychological health by any post-deployment appraisal factor was minimal. CONCLUSIONS Post-deployment appraisal measures three important attitudes and concerns of veterans after deployment. Military stress is associated with the post-deployment appraisal factors. However, the factors did not mediate the relationship between military stress and psychological health. These factors provide insight into how veterans appraise their complex array of post-deployment experiences, and may provide useful in regard to transitions and integration into civilian life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna Wright
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Andrew Forbes
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Helen Kelsall
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - David Clarke
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jill Ikin
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Malcolm Sim
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
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Grimell J. The Story of the Self in the Aftermath of Crisis: A Case Study. JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIVIST PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10720537.2015.1079509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Park M, Chang ER, You S. Protective role of coping flexibility in PTSD and depressive symptoms following trauma. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mangelsdorf J, Eid M. What makes a thriver? Unifying the concepts of posttraumatic and postecstatic growth. Front Psychol 2015; 6:813. [PMID: 26157399 PMCID: PMC4477056 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The thriver model is a novel framework that unifies the concepts of posttraumatic and postecstatic growth. According to the model, it is not the quality of an event, but the way it is processed, that is critical for the occurrence of post-event growth. The model proposes that meaning making, supportive relationships, and positive emotions facilitate growth processes after positive as well as traumatic experiences. The tenability of these propositions was investigated in two dissimilar cultures. In Study 1, participants from the USA (n = 555) and India (n = 599) answered an extended version of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale to rank the socioemotional impact of events. Results indicate that negative events are perceived as more impactful than positive ones in the USA, whereas the reverse is true in India. In Study 2, participants from the USA (n = 342) and India (n = 341) answered questions about the thriver model's main components. Results showed that posttraumatic and postecstatic growth are highly interrelated. All elements of the thriver model were key variables for the prediction of growth. Supportive relationships and positive emotions had a direct effect on growth, while meaning making mediated the direct effect of major life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Mangelsdorf
- Department of Psychology, Free University of BerlinBerlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human DevelopmentBerlin, Germany
| | - Michael Eid
- Department of Psychology, Free University of BerlinBerlin, Germany
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Changing the Personal Narrative: A Pilot Study of a Resiliency Intervention for Military Spouses. CONTEMPORARY FAMILY THERAPY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10591-015-9336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Holland JM, Malott J, Currier JM. Meaning made of stress among veterans transitioning to college: examining unique associations with suicide risk and life-threatening behavior. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2014; 44:218-31. [PMID: 24851258 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Meaning made of stress has been shown to be a unique predictor of mental and physical health. In this study, we examined the unique associations between two facets of meaning made of stress (comprehensibility and footing in the world) and suicide risk and life-threatening behavior among military veterans who have transitioned to college were examined, controlling for demographic factors, religiousness, combat-related physical injury, combat exposure, depressive symptoms, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Findings suggest that comprehensibility (having “made sense” of a stressor) is uniquely associated with lower suicide risk and a lower likelihood of driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol and engaging in self-mutilating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Holland
- Department of Psychology; University of Nevada; Las Vegas NV USA
| | - Jesse Malott
- Department of Clinical Psychology; Fuller Theological Seminary; Pasadena CA USA
| | - Joseph M. Currier
- Department of Clinical Psychology; Fuller Theological Seminary; Pasadena CA USA
- Department of Psychology; University of South Alabama; Mobile AL USA
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Bryan CJ, Elder WB, McNaughton-Cassill M, Osman A, Hernandez AM, Allison S. Meaning in life, emotional distress, suicidal ideation, and life functioning in an active duty military sample. JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2013.823557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Currier JM, Lisman R, Irene Harris J, Tait R, Erbes CR. Cognitive Processing of Trauma and Attitudes Toward Disclosure in the First Six Months After Military Deployment. J Clin Psychol 2012; 69:209-21. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.21930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ross Lisman
- Fuller Theological Seminary; Department of Clinical Psychology
| | | | - Rhondie Tait
- Fuller Theological Seminary; Department of Clinical Psychology
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Jahn AL, Herman L, Schuster J, Naik A, Moye J. Distress and Resilience After Cancer in Veterans. RESEARCH IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 2012; 9:229-247. [PMID: 25774100 DOI: 10.1080/15427609.2012.705555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Levi Herman
- Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, TX, and Baylor College of Medicine
| | | | - Aanand Naik
- Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, TX, and Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Jennifer Moye
- VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School
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Karanci AN, Işıklı S, Aker AT, Gül Eİ, Erkan BB, Ozkol H, Güzel HY. Personality, posttraumatic stress and trauma type: factors contributing to posttraumatic growth and its domains in a Turkish community sample. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2012; 3:EJPT-3-17303. [PMID: 22893832 PMCID: PMC3402104 DOI: 10.3402/ejpt.v3i0.17303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is conceptualized as a positive transformation resulting from coping with and processing traumatic life events. This study examined the contributory roles of personality traits, posttraumatic stress (PTS) severity and their interactions on PTG and its domains, as assessed with the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory Turkish form (PTGI-T). The study also examined the differences in PTG domains between survivors of accidents, natural disasters and unexpected loss of a loved one. METHOD The Basic Personality Traits Inventory, Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale, and PTGI-T were administered to a large stratified cluster community sample of 969 Turkish adults in their home settings. RESULTS The results showed that conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience significantly related to the total PTG and most of the domains. The effects of extraversion, neuroticism and openness to experience were moderated by the PTS severity for some domains. PTG in relating to others and appreciation of life domains was lower for the bereaved group. CONCLUSION Further research should examine the mediating role of coping between personality and PTG using a longitudinal design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Nuray Karanci
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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