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Yuan D, Wu J, Li S, Zhou X, Zhang R, Zhang Y. Causal relationships between serum albumin, neuroticism and suicidal ideation in depressed patients: A Mendelian randomization study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30718. [PMID: 38765065 PMCID: PMC11098842 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Although serum albumin and neuroticism have revealed a strong association with suicidal ideation in individuals with depression, the causal relationship between them is uncertain. This study analyzed the causal association of serum albumin, neuroticism and suicidal ideation using large-scale GWAS data and Univariable Mendelian Randomization (UVMR) methods. The Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was used to explore the causal pathways. UVMR analysis revealed that genetically determined serum albumin is causally associated with neuroticism (β = -0.006 S.D.; 95 % CI: 0.009, -0.002; p = 0.003) and suicidal ideation (β = 0.009 S.D.; 95 % CI: 0.001, 0.016; p = 0.037); and that neuroticism mediates 100 % of the causal association between serum albumin and suicidal ideation in individuals with depression. These findings suggest genetic evidence for the causal effect of serum albumin on suicidal ideation in depressed patients and the significant mediation effect of neuroticism on this causal association. This study proves the protective role of serum albumin for neuroticism and the riskiness of personality traits for suicidal ideation in individuals with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongling Yuan
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jialing Wu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shansi Li
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruoyi Zhang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, China
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2
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Yang T, Guo Z, Zhu X, Liu X, Guo Y. The interplay of personality traits, anxiety, and depression in Chinese college students: a network analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1204285. [PMID: 37601217 PMCID: PMC10434527 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1204285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety and depression are among the greatest contributors to the global burden of diseases. The close associations of personality traits with anxiety and depression have been widely described. However, the common practice of sum scores in previous studies limits the understanding of the fine-grained connections between different personality traits and anxiety and depression symptoms and cannot explore and compare the risk or protective effects of personality traits on anxiety and depression symptoms. Objective We aimed to determine the fine-grained connections between different personality traits and anxiety and depression symptoms and identify the detrimental or protective effects of different personality traits on anxiety and depression symptoms. Methods A total of 536 college students from China were recruited online, and the average age was 19.98 ± 1.11. The Chinese version of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to investigate the personality traits and symptoms of anxiety and depression of participants after they understood the purpose and filling method of the survey and signed the informed consent. The demographic characteristics were summarized, and the scale scores were calculated. The network model of personality traits and symptoms of anxiety and depression was constructed, and bridge expected influence (BEI) was measured to evaluate the effect of personality traits on anxiety and depression. The edge accuracy and BEI stability were estimated, and the BEI difference and the edge weight difference were tested. Results In the network, 29 edges (indicating partial correlations between variables) bridged the personality community and the anxiety and depression community, among which the strongest correlations were extraversion-fatigue, agreeableness-suicidal ideation, conscientiousness-uncontrollable worry, neuroticism-excessive worry, neuroticism-irritability, and openness-feelings of worthlessness. Neuroticism had the highest positive BEI value (0.32), agreeableness had the highest negative BEI value (-0.27), and the BEI values of neuroticism and agreeableness were significantly different from those of most other nodes (p < 0.05). Conclusion There are intricate correlations between personality traits and the symptoms of anxiety and depression in college students. Neuroticism was identified as the most crucial risk trait for depression and anxiety symptoms, while agreeableness was the most central protective trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Yang
- Section of Basic Psychology, Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhihua Guo
- Section of Military Psychology, Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Section of Military Psychology, Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xufeng Liu
- Section of Basic Psychology, Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaning Guo
- Section of Basic Psychology, Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Zhang X, Bhatt RR, Todorov S, Gupta A. Brain-gut microbiome profile of neuroticism predicts food addiction in obesity: A transdiagnostic approach. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110768. [PMID: 37061021 PMCID: PMC10731989 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Neuroticism is one of the most robust risk factors for addictive behaviors including food addiction (a key contributor to obesity), although the associated mechanisms are not well understood. A transdiagnostic approach was used to identify the neuroticism-related neuropsychological and gut metabolomic patterns associated with food addiction. Predictive modeling of neuroticism was implemented using multimodal features (23 clinical, 13,531 resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC), 336 gut metabolites) in 114 high body mass index (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) (cross-sectional) participants. Gradient boosting machine and logistic regression models were used to evaluate classification performance for food addiction. Neuroticism was significantly associated with food addiction (P < 0.001). Neuroticism-related features predicted food addiction with high performance (89% accuracy). Multimodal models performed better than single-modal models in predicting food addiction. Transdiagnostic alterations corresponded to rsFC involved in the emotion regulation, reward, and cognitive control and self-monitoring networks, and the metabolite 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, as well as anxiety symptoms. Neuroticism moderated the relationship between BMI and food addiction. Neuroticism drives neuropsychological and gut microbial signatures implicated in dopamine synthesis and inflammation, anxiety, and food addiction. Such transdiagnostic models are essential in identifying mechanisms underlying food addiction in obesity, as it can help develop multiprong interventions to improve symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Zhang
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress & Resilience, at UCLA, United States of America; UCLA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, United States of America; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America; University of California, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Ravi R Bhatt
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, United States of America
| | - Svetoslav Todorov
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress & Resilience, at UCLA, United States of America
| | - Arpana Gupta
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress & Resilience, at UCLA, United States of America; UCLA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, United States of America; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, United States of America; Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center at UCLA, United States of America; University of California, Los Angeles, United States of America.
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Wan B, Wu Y, Ma N, Zhou Z, Lu W. Four modifiable factors that mediate the effect of educational time on major depressive disorder risk: A network Mendelian randomization study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288034. [PMID: 37437071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mental illness, which is a notable public health problem that aggravates the global economic burden. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between education and MDD risk and the contributions of effects mediated by four modifiable factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Instrumental variables were screened from several large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) data (years of schooling with 766,345 participants, MDD with 59,851 cases and 113,154 controls, neuroticism with 329,821 individuals, smoking behavior with 195,068 cases and 164,638 controls, body mass index [BMI] with 336,107 individuals, and household income with 397,751 individuals). The data were used to evaluate the association of the four modifiable factors (neuroticism, smoking behavior, BMI, and household income) that mediate the effect of education on MDD risk via Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. RESULTS Each standard deviation increase in years of schooling could reduce the risk for MDD by 30.70%. Higher neuroticism and BMI were associated with a higher risk of MDD. Non-smoking status and increased household income were protective factors for MDD. Notably, the mediator neuroticism, BMI, smoking behavior, and household income explained 52.92%, 15.54%, 31.86%, and 81.30% of the effect of years of schooling on MDD risk, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Longer years of schooling have a protective effect on MDD risk. Reasonable interventions to reduce neuroticism, BMI, smoking, and increasing household income are beneficial for MDD prevention. Our work provides new ideas for the development of prevention strategies for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangbei Wan
- Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
- Department of Urology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Yamei Wu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Weiying Lu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
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Lin J, Li L, Pan N, Liu X, Zhang X, Suo X, Kemp GJ, Wang S, Gong Q. Neural correlates of neuroticism: A coordinate-based meta-analysis of resting-state functional brain imaging studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 146:105055. [PMID: 36681370 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Neuroticism is one of the most robust higher-order personality traits associated with negative emotionality and risk of mental disorders. Many studies have investigated relationships between neuroticism and the brain, but the results have been inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of whole-brain resting-state functional neuroimaging studies to identify the most stable neurofunctional substrates of neuroticism. We found stable significant positive correlations between neuroticism and resting-state brain activity in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG), left striatum, and right hippocampus. In contrast, resting-state brain activity in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and right supramarginal gyrus (SMG) was negatively associated with neuroticism. Additionally, meta-regression analysis revealed brain regions in which sex and age moderated the link of spontaneous activity with neuroticism. This is the first study to provide a comprehensive understanding of resting-state brain activity correlates of neuroticism, and the findings may be useful for the targeting of specific brain regions for interventions to decrease the risks of mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Lin
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiqin Liu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueling Suo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Graham J Kemp
- Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, China
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Dymecka J, Tarczyński R, Gerymski R. Stress in emergency telephone number operators during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of self-efficacy and Big Five personality traits. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2022; 11:145-155. [PMID: 38084318 PMCID: PMC10670803 DOI: 10.5114/hpr/115820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency telephone number operators experience many challenges in their work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their personality traits and self-efficacy may act as important factors in their level of perceived stress. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Big Five personality traits, self-efficacy and perceived stress among emergency telephone number operators during the COVID-19 pandemic. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE One hundred emergency telephone number operators participated in the study. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and Generalized Self Efficacy Scale (GSES) were used. RESULTS Emergency telephone number operators experienced a moderate level of perceived stress. The level of perceived stress was associated with all Big Five personality traits and self-efficacy. Stepwise regression showed that self-efficacy and emotional stability were significant predictors of perceived stress in a tested sample of emergency telephone number operators. Self-efficacy acted as a mediator between the 4 Big Five personality traits (except extraversion) and perceived stress. CONCLUSIONS Self-efficacy can be a very important resource during the struggle of emergency telephone number operators with the successive waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Operators with a high level of this resource can more effectively cope with the changes and perceive stress as lower. Individuals' personality traits may affect the level of self-efficacy that determines how stress is perceived. It is important to strengthen the self-efficacy of those involved in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Dymecka
- Department of Health Psychology and Quality of Life, Institute of Psychology, Opole University, Opole, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Gerymski
- Department of Health Psychology and Quality of Life, Institute of Psychology, Opole University, Opole, Poland
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Abstract
Humans, like other animals, are fundamentally motivated to pursue rewarding outcomes and avoid aversive ones. Anxiety disorders are conceptualized, defined, and treated based on heightened sensitivity to perceived aversive outcomes, including imminent threats as well as those that are uncertain yet could occur in the future. Avoidance is the central strategy used to mitigate anticipated aversive outcomes - often at the cost of sacrificing potential rewards and hindering people from obtaining desired outcomes. It is for these reasons that people are often motivated to seek treatment. In this chapter, we consider whether and how anhedonia - the loss of interest in pursuing and/or reduced responsiveness to rewarding outcomes - may serve as a barrier to recovering from clinically impairing anxiety. Increasingly recognized as a prominent symptom in many individuals with elevated anxiety, anhedonia is not explicitly considered within prevailing theoretical models or treatment approaches of anxiety. Our goal, therefore, is to review what is known about anhedonia within the anxiety disorders and then integrate this knowledge into a functional perspective to consider how anhedonia could maintain anxiety and limit treatment response. Our overarching thesis is that anhedonia disrupts the key processes that are central to supporting anxiety recovery. We end this chapter by considering how explicitly targeting anhedonia in treatment can optimize outcomes for anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles T Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Samantha N Hoffman
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Amanda J Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Qiu X, Miao J, Lan Y, Sun W, Li G, Pan C, Wang Y, Zhao X, Zhu Z, Zhu S. Artificial neural network and decision tree models of post-stroke depression at 3 months after stroke in patients with BMI ≥ 24. J Psychosom Res 2021; 150:110632. [PMID: 34624525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown that excess weight (including obesity and overweight) can increase the risk of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and other diseases, but there is no study on the incidence of post-stroke depression (PSD) and related factors in patients with excessive weight. The main purpose of this study was to find related factors of PSD at 3 months after stroke in patients with excessive weight and construct artificial neural network (ANN) and decision tree (DT) models. METHODS This is a prospective multicenter cohort study (Registration number: ChiCTR-ROC-17013993). Five hundred and three stroke patients with Body Mass Index(BMI) ≥ 24 were included in this study. The diagnostic criteria of PSD is according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-V) diagnostic criteria for depression due to other medical conditions and the HAMD-17 scores > 7 at 3 months after stroke was used as the primary endpoint. The χ2 test, Mann-Whitney U test or t-test were used to check for statistical significance. RESULTS Our study found that sleeping time < 5 h, CHD, physical exercise, BI score, N dimension(EPQ) and subjective support(SSRS) were associated with PSD in patients with excessive weight. Physical exercise(odd ratio [OR] = 0.49, p = 0.001, 95%CI [confidence interval]: 0.32-0.75) and BI score(OR = 0.99, p < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.98-0.99) were protective factors; sleeping time < 5 h(OR = 2.86, p < 0.001, 95%CI: 1.62-5.04), CHD(OR = 2.18, p = 0.018, 95%CI: 1.14-4.15), N dimension(OR = 1.08, p = 0.001, 95%CI: 1.03-1.13) and subjective support(OR = 1.04, p = 0.022, 95%CI: 1.01-1.07) were risk factors. CONCLUSION This study found several factors related to the occurrence of PSD at 3 months in patients with excessive weight. Meanwhile, ANN and DT models were constructed for clinicians to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wenzhe Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chensheng Pan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Suiqiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Allen TA, Harkness KL, Lam RW, Milev R, Frey BN, Mueller DJ, Uher R, Kennedy SH, Quilty LC. Interactions between neuroticism and stressful life events predict response to pharmacotherapy for major depression: A CAN-BIND 1 report. Personal Ment Health 2021; 15:273-282. [PMID: 34008342 PMCID: PMC8959246 DOI: 10.1002/pmh.1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to stressful life events and individual differences in the personality trait neuroticism are important risk factors that interact to predict major depressive disorder (MDD). Less is known about their effect on treatment response in depression. Here, we examine whether stressful life events experienced prior to and during treatment interact with neuroticism to predict response to 16-week pharmacotherapy for MDD. Participants included 159 outpatients with MDD who were initially treated with 8 weeks of escitalopram. Those who responded to the initial treatment continued on escitalopram monotherapy, whereas non-responders received 8 weeks of adjunctive aripiprazole. Personality was assessed using the NEO-Five Factor Inventory, and stressful life events were assessed using the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule, a rigorous contextual interview that includes independent ratings of threatening life events. High baseline neuroticism was associated with a lower likelihood of response when patients experienced one or more negative life events before treatment. Secondary analyses indicated that this effect was specific to neuroticism, and not better accounted for by its self-criticism or negative affect facets. Our results suggest that assessing personality and stressful life events at baseline can help clinicians assess which patients will respond to antidepressant therapy and which may need treatment augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A. Allen
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kate L. Harkness
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Raymond W. Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Roumen Milev
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Providence Care, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Benicio N. Frey
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Mood Disorders Program and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel J. Mueller
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rudolf Uher
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sidney H. Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Li Ka-Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canadaa
| | - Lena C. Quilty
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Bianchi R, Schonfeld IS. Occupational Depression, Cognitive Performance, and Task Appreciation: A Study Based on Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices. Front Psychol 2021; 12:695539. [PMID: 34616332 PMCID: PMC8488105 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI) was recently developed to assess depressive symptoms that individuals specifically attribute to their work. Research on the criterion validity of the instrument is still in its infancy. In this study, we examined whether the ODI predicted performance on, and appreciation of, a cognitively challenging test. In light of the link established between clinical depression and neuropsychological impairment, and considering that individuals with depressive symptoms are more likely to feel helpless under challenging circumstances, we hypothesized that occupational depression would be associated with poorer cognitive performance and a darkened appreciation of the task undertaken. We relied on a sample of 1,359 educational staff members. We used an abridged version of Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPMs) as a cognitively challenging task and measure of cognitive performance. RAPMs assess so-called eductive ability (meaning-making and problem-solving abilities) through items of various degrees of difficulty. Transient mood was assessed with a three-item measure before RAPMs were administered. Task appreciation was assessed with a single-item measure after the completion of RAPMs. We found occupational depression to be negatively linked to cognitive performance. A two-step cluster analysis, in which ODI and RAPMs scores were used as classifiers, revealed two profiles of respondents. The first profile was characterized by relatively low levels of depressive symptoms and high levels of cognitive performance; the second profile, by relatively high levels of depressive symptoms and low levels of cognitive performance. The two profiles differed strongly from one another, as indexed by Cohen's ds of 2.492 regarding depressive symptoms and 1.263 regarding cognitive performance. As anticipated, occupational depression predicted a darkened appreciation of the test. The association remained statistically significant, and largely unchanged, controlling for pretest mood and test performance. The highest levels of depressive symptoms were observed among individuals evaluating the task as "frustrating" and "discouraging." Our study suggests that occupational depression predicts poorer cognitive performance and a negativized experience of cognitive challenge. Such features may be part of a self-sustaining loop fostering the maintenance of depressive symptoms. The extent to which the ODI predicts performance in the work context needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Bianchi
- Institute of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Irvin Sam Schonfeld
- Department of Psychology, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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Ishii Y, Masuya J, Morishita C, Higashiyama M, Inoue T, Ichiki M. Victimization in Childhood Mediates the Association Between Parenting Quality, Stressful Life Events, and Depression in Adulthood. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:3171-3182. [PMID: 34703237 PMCID: PMC8541763 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s323592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various stressors during childhood and adulthood, such as experiencing poor parenting, abuse, and harassment, have long-lasting effects on depression. The long-term effects of childhood stressors, such as childhood abuse and inappropriate parenting experiences, on adult depression are mediated by personality traits. In the present study, we hypothesized that parental bonding in childhood influences adulthood depression, and that this association is mediated by childhood victimization experiences and negative life event evaluations in adulthood. To test this hypothesis, multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling were performed. METHODS A questionnaire survey, including Patient Health Questionnaire-9, victimization scale in childhood, Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), and Life Experiences Survey was administered to 449 general adult volunteers (age: 41.1 ± 11.7 years; 196 men and 253 women). Multiple variables were analyzed by multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that victimization experiences in childhood affect adulthood depression independently of several other factors. Structural equation modeling showed that the "parental care" subscale of the PBI decreased adulthood depression directly, as well as indirectly through its effects on victimization experiences in childhood and negative life events. On the other hand, the "parental overprotection" subscale of the PBI increased adulthood depression directly, as well as indirectly through its effects on the experience of victimization in childhood and negative life events. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that the experience of victimization in childhood is a risk factor of adulthood depression. Furthermore, we found that parenting quality experienced in childhood influences adulthood depression, and that these effects are mediated by the experiences of victimization in childhood and negative life events in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Ishii
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Fuji Psychosomatic Rehabilitation Institute Hospital, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka, 418-0035, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Chihiro Morishita
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Motoki Higashiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ichiki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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