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Pang RD, Wang SD, Tucker CJ, Zadoorian L, Weinberger AH, D'Orazio L, Kirkpatrick MG. Emotion regulation expectancies and smoking cessation factors: A daily diary study of California adults who smoke cigarettes during a practice quit attempt. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 245:109810. [PMID: 36857842 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cross-sectional studies have shown that greater cigarette smoking-related emotion regulation expectancies were associated with retrospectively reported withdrawal during prior quit attempts and greater barriers to cessation. Few studies have investigated the relationship of within-person daily emotion regulation expectancies to factors related to initiating and maintaining a brief quit attempt. METHODS People living in California who smoked cigarettes daily (n = 220, 50 % female; 48.5 % white, 14.6 % Hispanic, 16.7 % Black or African American, 9.6 % Asian, 7.6 % Multi-race, 3.0 % other race; mean age=43.71 years old) completed a practice quit attempt and 28-days of daily diary surveys. In the morning, participants reported non-smoking and smoking emotion regulation expectancies based on the Affective Processing Questionnaire, daily abstinence plan, abstinence self-efficacy, and cigarettes smoked. Successful abstinence plans were calculated as days with an abstinence plan and no cigarettes smoked. Multilevel models investigated whether within-person emotion regulation expectancies were associated with abstinence plan, self-efficacy, and successful abstinence plan. RESULTS Greater within-person non-smoking emotion regulation expectancies were associated with increased odds of having an abstinence plan, higher self-efficacy, and a successful abstinence plan on a given day (ps < .05). Greater within-person smoking emotion regulation expectancies were associated with lower odds of having an abstinence plan and lower self-efficacy (ps < .001) but did not significantly associate with a successful abstinence plan. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that within-person levels of expectations in emotion regulation abilities may contribute to factors relevant to initiating and achieving daily abstinence during a practice attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina D Pang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Shirlene D Wang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Chyna J Tucker
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Social Welfare, University of California, Los Angeles, 3250 Public Affairs Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lori Zadoorian
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 1165 Morris Park Ave. Rousso Building, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Lina D'Orazio
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, 1520 San Pablo St., Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Matthew G Kirkpatrick
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Sheng R, Yang X, Zhou Y, Liu X, Xu W. COVID-19 and Eating Problems in Daily Life: The Mediating Roles of Stress, Negative Affect and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:34-51. [PMID: 34784823 PMCID: PMC9841454 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211045315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic poses a challenge to individuals' mental health. People worldwide are experiencing increased stress, negative affect, and posttraumatic stress symptoms, which may lead to eating problems. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of the perceived severity of COVID-19 on eating problems and the mediating effects of stress/negative affect/posttraumatic stress symptoms both at the personal level and interpersonal level. Methods: During the COVID-19 outbreak, a total of 108 college students were recruited to report their perceived severity of COVID-19, stress, negative affect, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and eating problems three times a day for seven consecutive days using Ecological Momentary Assessment. Results: State perceived severity of COVID-19 predicted fewer subsequent eating problems in daily life at the personal level. Both state negative affect and posttraumatic stress symptoms were positively associated with eating problems in daily life. At the interpersonal level, trait-like perceived severity of COVID-19, stress, negative affect, and posttraumatic stress symptoms were positively associated with overall eating problems. There were no mediating effects of stress/negative affect/posttraumatic stress symptoms on the relations between perceived severity of COVID-19 and eating problems at the personal/interpersonal level. Conclusions: The perceived severity of COVID-19, stress, negative affect, and posttraumatic stress symptoms might increase the risk of eating problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruike Sheng
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiujie Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Zhou
- Department of Psychology, 5450Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Néstor S, Carlos P, Cristina P, José MR, Ignacio B, Pilar S. TOBACCO USE DISORDER AND DUAL DISORDERS Joint statement by the Spanish Psychiatry Society and the Spanish Dual Disorders Society. ACTAS ESPANOLAS DE PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 50:77-138. [PMID: 35731182 PMCID: PMC11095114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD) is a health problem of the first order in the world population, affecting a vulnerable population, such as people with other mental disorders, whose morbidity and mortality are increased as a result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szerman Néstor
- Instituto de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España. Miembro de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD)
| | - Parro Carlos
- Instituto de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España. Miembro de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD)
| | - Pinet Cristina
- Unidad Toxicomanías, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, España. Miembro de la Sociedad Española de Psiquiatría (SEP)
| | - Martínez-Raga José
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicología Médica. Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset y Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, España. Miembro de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD)
| | - Basurte Ignacio
- Dirección médica de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental de la Clínica López Ibor. Madrid, España. Profesor vinculado de la Universidad Europea de Madrid. Madrid, España. Miembro de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD)
| | - Saiz Pilar
- Catedrática de Psiquiatría. Universidad de Oviedo, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Instituto de Investigación sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA). Asturias, España. Miembro de la Sociedad Española de Psiquiatría (SEP)
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Selva Kumar D, Nahvi S, Rivera-Mindt M, Arnsten J, Minami H. The Impact of Coping With Stressful Events on Negative Affect and Cravings Among Smokers With Mood Disorders. Nicotine Tob Res 2022; 24:881-889. [PMID: 34918163 PMCID: PMC9048876 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntab260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smokers with mental illness report elevated levels of stress and negative affect. Craving is often cited as a key precipitant of smoking. Coping with stress has been associated with reduced cravings among smokers attempting to quit. However, the effect of coping with stress on negative affect and craving among smokers with mental illness is not well understood. This study investigated whether coping with stress predicts lower subsequent craving, mediated by reduced negative affect, among socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers with mood disorders. AIMS AND METHODS This study used ecologically momentary assessment (EMA) data from a randomized controlled trial involving smokers with mood disorders. The final sample included 39 participants. RESULTS Traditional mediation path analyses showed that coping with stress predicts lower craving (p = .02) through its impact on negative affect (p < .001) for the contemporaneous model (ie, when craving was measured at the same report as coping). However, coping with stress did not have a prospective effect on craving (ie, when craving was measured at the next report, up to 12 hours later) (p = .11). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that coping with stress reduces craving through negative effect, but only for a limited timeframe. The findings could guide future research on the length of time that the effect of coping lasts and research on interventions to increase coping with stress among smokers with mental illness. IMPLICATIONS This is the first study to use EMA to demonstrate that coping with stressful events effectively reduces craving through reducing negative affect among smokers with mood disorders. This finding suggests that individuals heavily burdened with stress and negative affect benefit from coping with stress. We utilized within-subject analyses of EMA data which allowed us to understand these effects within an individual near real time. Our sample is hard to reach and ethnoculturally diverse. Findings could guide intervention research on helping smokers with mental illness cope when experiencing stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shadi Nahvi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Monica Rivera-Mindt
- Fordham University, Department of Psychology, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Latin American and Latino Studies Institute, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Julia Arnsten
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Haruka Minami
- Fordham University, Department of Psychology, Bronx, NY, USA
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Sheng R, Hu J, Liu X, Xu W. Longitudinal relationships between insecure attachment and romantic relationship quality and stability in emerging adults: the mediating role of perceived conflict in daily life. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sala M, Roos CR, Brewer JA, Garrison KA. Awareness, affect, and craving during smoking cessation: An experience sampling study. Health Psychol 2021; 40:578-586. [PMID: 34570534 PMCID: PMC8629854 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mindfulness has received attention in smoking cessation research, yet the mechanisms by which mindfulness may promote smoking cessation are not well understood. Mindfulness training may help individuals increase awareness and respond skillfully to processes that contribute to smoking, such as affective states and craving. This study used experience sampling (ES) to test how awareness was related to craving, positive and negative affect and smoking, in the moment, among smokers in treatment for smoking cessation. METHOD Participants (N = 228) were part of a clinical trial evaluating Craving to Quit, a smartphone app for mindfulness training for smoking cessation, compared to an app delivering only ES. All participants were asked to complete 22 days of ES, with up to 6 ES surveys per day, measuring awareness, craving, positive and negative affect and smoking. Data were analyzed using multilevel linear modeling. RESULTS Both at the within and between-person level, higher awareness was associated with higher positive affect, lower craving and lower negative affect. Lower within-person craving was associated with lower smoking. Within-person awareness, positive and negative affect were not significantly associated with smoking. At the between-person level, higher awareness and higher positive affect, and lower negative affect and lower craving were associated with lower smoking. CONCLUSIONS Awareness of current experience was related to key psychological variables linked to behavior change in smoking cessation, namely positive and negative affect and craving, among smokers trying to quit. Future studies should test whether learning to increase awareness, such as through mindfulness training, may benefit smokers in treatment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Mhende J, Bell SA, Cottrell-Daniels C, Luong J, Streiff M, Dannenfelser M, Hayat MJ, Spears CA. Mobile Delivery of Mindfulness-Based Smoking Cessation Treatment Among Low-Income Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e25926. [PMID: 34033580 PMCID: PMC8315164 DOI: 10.2196/25926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is the leading cause of premature death, and low-income adults experience disproportionate burden from tobacco. Mindfulness interventions show promise for improving smoking cessation. A text messaging program "iQuit Mindfully" was developed to deliver just-in-time support for quitting smoking among low-income adults. A pilot study of iQuit Mindfully was conducted in spring 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, among low-income and predominantly African American smokers. OBJECTIVE This pilot study examined the acceptability and feasibility of delivering Mindfulness-Based Addiction Treatment via mHealth during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Participants were adult cigarette smokers (n=23), of whom 8 (34.8%) were female, 19 (82.6%) were African American, and 18 (78.3%) had an annual income of <US $24,000. They were randomly assigned to either 8 weeks of iQuit Mindfully as a fully automated standalone intervention or iQuit Mindfully in combination with therapist-led in-person group treatment. For participant safety, in-person mindfulness groups were transitioned to the internet and assessments also took place over the internet. Survey questions asked participants about changes in their stress, smoking habits and quit attempts, and their perceptions of the mindfulness and text messaging intervention in the context of the pandemic. RESULTS Most participants (n=15 of 21, 71.4%) indicated a change in stress due to the pandemic, of whom 14 (93.3%) indicated higher stress. Participants shared concerns about finances, homelessness, health, and social isolation. Most (n=17 of 21, 80.9%) believed that smoking increases the risk of contracting COVID-19, and although that was motivating for some, others expressed lower motivation to quit smoking because of higher stress. Most (n=18 of 21, 85.7%) stated that practicing mindfulness was helpful during the pandemic. Mean ratings of the helpfulness of text messages and the extent to which they would recommend the program to others were 7.1 (median 8 on a 10-point scale, SD 2.9) and 8.2 (median 9, SD 2.5), respectively. Through open-ended program evaluations, participants shared details about how mindfulness practices and the text messages helped them manage stress and feel a sense of social support during the pandemic. Moreover, 10 of 19 (52.6%) of participants achieved 7-day abstinence from smoking, with no differences between conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the promise of text messaging and the use of teleconferencing to provide mindfulness and smoking cessation services to underserved populations during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jackie Luong
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Micah Streiff
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Kim SY, Suh H, Oh W, Daheim J. Daily change patterns in mindfulness and psychological health: A pilot intervention. J Clin Psychol 2020; 77:496-515. [PMID: 32860443 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the differences in first-year college students' daily change trajectories in subjective happiness, depression, anxiety, stress, and state mindfulness. METHOD A 5-day, online mindfulness-based intervention (MI) condition and stress management (SM) condition were employed in 247 first-year college students. RESULTS Students in both the MI and SM conditions displayed similar significant linear declines in anxiety and stress, but there were significant differences between the two conditions, including: (1) the MI condition showing a significant linear increase in subjective happiness compared with no change in the SM condition and (2) the SM condition showed a significant linear decrease in depression compared to no significant change in the MI condition. CONCLUSION Brief online interventions-whether MI or SM-can promote better mental health and reduce psychological distress. The results also lend support for MI's differential influence on first-year college students' happiness and SM's differential influence on their depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ye Kim
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Hanna Suh
- Psychology and Child & Human Development Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wonjung Oh
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Jacob Daheim
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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Socioeconomic status, mindfulness, and momentary associations between stress and smoking lapse during a quit attempt. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 209:107840. [PMID: 32058242 PMCID: PMC7534963 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Models of health disparities highlight stress among low socioeconomic status (SES) smokers as a barrier to cessation. Recent studies suggest that mindfulness may improve cessation outcomes by reducing stress during a quit attempt. The current study examined associations of SES and mindfulness with ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) of stress and smoking lapse during a quit attempt. METHODS EMAs (N = 32,329) were gathered from 364 smokers engaged in a quit attempt. A multilevel structural equation model estimated within person paths from momentary stress to subsequent smoking lapse. Between person paths estimated paths from a latent variable for SES and mindfulness to stress and smoking lapse, the indirect effect of SES and mindfulness on lapse through stress, and moderation of within person stress-lapse associations by SES and mindfulness. RESULTS Within person estimates found that momentary increases in stress predicted increased risk of subsequent smoking lapse. Between person estimates found that lower SES was indirectly associated with greater risk for smoking lapse through increased stress; and, higher mindfulness was indirectly associated with lower risk for smoking lapse through reduced stress. Additionally, higher SES participants, who reported lower stress during the quit attempt, showed a stronger relationship between momentary increases in stress and risk for subsequent smoking lapse. CONCLUSIONS Among low SES smokers engaged in a quit attempt, both SES and mindfulness uniquely influenced smoking lapse through their influence on stress. Findings support reports that mindfulness presents a promising intervention target to reduce stress and improve cessation outcomes among low SES smokers.
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Bai S, Elavsky S, Kishida M, Dvořáková K, Greenberg MT. Effects of mindfulness training on daily stress response in college students: Ecological momentary assessment of a randomized controlled trial. Mindfulness (N Y) 2020; 11:1433-1445. [PMID: 33343764 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-020-01358-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Mindfulness training has been shown to reduce rates of depression, anxiety and perceived stress, but its impact on stress and emotion regulation in real-world settings in the college-aged population is unknown. This study examines the effect of an 8-session long mindfulness training on first-year college students' daily experiences of stress and emotion regulation. Methods Fifty-two first-year students were randomized to the mindfulness training or the waitlist-control group during the fall academic semester. Before, during and after the trial, students completed 10-days of ecological momentary assessments (EMA), reporting on family and school or work stress, negative emotion, rumination, and interference by unwanted thoughts and emotions up to four times a day. Multilevel regression analysis compared levels of momentary stress and emotion regulation difficulties, as well as the strength of the moment-level association between stress and emotion regulation, by intervention condition, before, during and after the trial. Results Controls showed an exacerbation of family stress related negative emotion, rumination and interference, across the fall semester. However, intervention youth showed stable levels of emotion regulation responses to family stress across the semester. Emotion regulation responses to school or work stress did not differ by intervention condition. Conclusions Mindfulness training helps to prevent the depletion of emotion regulation capacity in this sample of relatively healthy first-year college students. EMAs allow the assessment of emotion regulation in the context of naturally occurring stress, and enhances the specificity and external validity of evaluations of psychological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhye Bai
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University.,Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Steriani Elavsky
- Institute for Research on Children, Youth and Family, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
| | - Moé Kishida
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University
| | - Kamila Dvořáková
- The Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University
| | - Mark T Greenberg
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University.,The Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University
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