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Hopfner F, Buhmann C, Classen J, Holtbernd F, Klebe S, Koschel J, Kohl Z, Paus S, Pedrosa DJ. Tips and tricks in tremor treatment. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024:10.1007/s00702-024-02806-x. [PMID: 39043978 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02806-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Tremor, whether arising from neurological diseases, other conditions, or medication side effects, significantly impacts patients' lives. Treatment complexities necessitate clear algorithms and strategies. Levodopa remains pivotal for Parkinson's tremor, though response variability exists. Some dopamine agonists offer notable tremor reduction targeting D2 receptors. Propranolol effectively manages essential tremor and essential tremor plus (ET/ET +), sometimes with primidone for added benefits, albeit dose-dependent side effects. As reserve medications anticholinergics and clozapine are used for treatment of parkinsonian tremor, 1-Octanol and certain anticonvulsant drugs for tremor of other orign, especially ET. Therapies such as invasive deep brain stimulation and lesional focused ultrasound serve for resistant cases. A medication review is crucial for all forms of tremor, but it is particularly important if medication may have triggered the tremor. Sensor-based detection and non-drug interventions like wristbands and physical therapy broaden diagnostic and therapeutic horizons, promising future tremor care enhancements. Understanding treatment nuances is a key for tailored tremor management respecting patient needs and tolerability. Successful strategies integrate pharmacological, non-invasive, and technological modalities, aiming for optimal symptom control and improved quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hopfner
- Department of Neurology, Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik mit Friedrich Baur Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Carsten Buhmann
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joseph Classen
- Department of Neurology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian Holtbernd
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Juelich Research Center GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephan Klebe
- Department of Neurology, Essen University Hospital, 45147, Essen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Recklinghausen, Recklinghausen, Germany
| | - Jiri Koschel
- Parkinson-Klinik Ortenau, GmbH & Co KG, Kreuzbergstraße 12-16, 77709, Wolfach, Germany
| | - Zacharias Kohl
- Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Paus
- Department of Neurology, GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf, Germany
| | - David J Pedrosa
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Centre for Mind, Brain and Behaviour, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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2
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Jobe A, Vijayan R. Orphan G protein-coupled receptors: the ongoing search for a home. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1349097. [PMID: 38495099 PMCID: PMC10941346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1349097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) make up the largest receptor superfamily, accounting for 4% of protein-coding genes. Despite the prevalence of such transmembrane receptors, a significant number remain orphans, lacking identified endogenous ligands. Since their conception, the reverse pharmacology approach has been used to characterize such receptors. However, the multifaceted and nuanced nature of GPCR signaling poses a great challenge to their pharmacological elucidation. Considering their therapeutic relevance, the search for native orphan GPCR ligands continues. Despite limited structural input in terms of 3D crystallized structures, with advances in machine-learning approaches, there has been great progress with respect to accurate ligand prediction. Though such an approach proves valuable given that ligand scarcity is the greatest hurdle to orphan GPCR deorphanization, the future pairings of the remaining orphan GPCRs may not necessarily take a one-size-fits-all approach but should be more comprehensive in accounting for numerous nuanced possibilities to cover the full spectrum of GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie Jobe
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ranjit Vijayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- The Big Data Analytics Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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3
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Chen Y, Hong Z, Wang J, Liu K, Liu J, Lin J, Feng S, Zhang T, Shan L, Liu T, Guo P, Lin Y, Li T, Chen Q, Jiang X, Li A, Li X, Li Y, Wilde JJ, Bao J, Dai J, Lu Z. Circuit-specific gene therapy reverses core symptoms in a primate Parkinson's disease model. Cell 2023; 186:5394-5410.e18. [PMID: 37922901 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder. Its symptoms are typically treated with levodopa or dopamine receptor agonists, but its action lacks specificity due to the wide distribution of dopamine receptors in the central nervous system and periphery. Here, we report the development of a gene therapy strategy to selectively manipulate PD-affected circuitry. Targeting striatal D1 medium spiny neurons (MSNs), whose activity is chronically suppressed in PD, we engineered a therapeutic strategy comprised of a highly efficient retrograde adeno-associated virus (AAV), promoter elements with strong D1-MSN activity, and a chemogenetic effector to enable precise D1-MSN activation after systemic ligand administration. Application of this therapeutic approach rescues locomotion, tremor, and motor skill defects in both mouse and primate models of PD, supporting the feasibility of targeted circuit modulation tools for the treatment of PD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefei Chen
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zexuan Hong
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518027, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kunlin Liu
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518027, China
| | - Jianbang Lin
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shijing Feng
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianhui Zhang
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Liang Shan
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Taian Liu
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Pinyue Guo
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yunping Lin
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tian Li
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Xiaodan Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Anan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuantao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518027, China; Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | | | - Jin Bao
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Biomedical Imaging Science and System Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Ji Dai
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Zhonghua Lu
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Biomedical Imaging Science and System Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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4
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Mendoza-Torreblanca JG, Cárdenas-Rodríguez N, Carro-Rodríguez J, Contreras-García IJ, Garciadiego-Cázares D, Ortega-Cuellar D, Martínez-López V, Alfaro-Rodríguez A, Evia-Ramírez AN, Ignacio-Mejía I, Vargas-Hernández MA, Bandala C. Antiangiogenic Effect of Dopamine and Dopaminergic Agonists as an Adjuvant Therapeutic Option in the Treatment of Cancer, Endometriosis, and Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10199. [PMID: 37373348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) and dopamine agonists (DA-Ag) have shown antiangiogenic potential through the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. They inhibit VEGF and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR 2) functions through the dopamine receptor D2 (D2R), preventing important angiogenesis-related processes such as proliferation, migration, and vascular permeability. However, few studies have demonstrated the antiangiogenic mechanism and efficacy of DA and DA-Ag in diseases such as cancer, endometriosis, and osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, the objective of this review was to describe the mechanisms of the antiangiogenic action of the DA-D2R/VEGF-VEGFR 2 system and to compile related findings from experimental studies and clinical trials on cancer, endometriosis, and OA. Advanced searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SciFinder, ProQuest, EBSCO, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubChem, NCBI Bookshelf, DrugBank, livertox, and Clinical Trials. Articles explaining the antiangiogenic effect of DA and DA-Ag in research articles, meta-analyses, books, reviews, databases, and clinical trials were considered. DA and DA-Ag have an antiangiogenic effect that could reinforce the treatment of diseases that do not yet have a fully curative treatment, such as cancer, endometriosis, and OA. In addition, DA and DA-Ag could present advantages over other angiogenic inhibitors, such as monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noemi Cárdenas-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Subdirección de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Jazmín Carro-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional Aplicada a Neurociencias, Enfermedades Crónicas y Emergentes, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Itzel Jatziri Contreras-García
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Subdirección de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - David Garciadiego-Cázares
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Daniel Ortega-Cuellar
- Laboratorio Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Valentín Martínez-López
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Alfaro-Rodríguez
- Neurociencias Básicas, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Alberto Nayib Evia-Ramírez
- Servicio de Reconstrucción Articular, Cadera y Rodilla, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Iván Ignacio-Mejía
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Mexico City 11200, Mexico
| | | | - Cindy Bandala
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional Aplicada a Neurociencias, Enfermedades Crónicas y Emergentes, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
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5
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Woitalla D, Buhmann C, Hilker-Roggendorf R, Höglinger G, Koschel J, Müller T, Weise D. Role of dopamine agonists in Parkinson's disease therapy. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:863-873. [PMID: 37165120 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine agonists are an important component of Parkinson's therapy. When weighing up the various therapy options, therapy with levodopa has recently been increasingly preferred due to its stronger efficacy and the ostensibly lower rate of side effects. The advantage of the lower incidence of motor complications during therapy with dopamine agonists was neglected. The occurrence of side effects can be explained by the different receptor affinity to the individual dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic receptors of the individual dopamine agonists. However, the different affinity to individual receptors also explains the different effect on individual Parkinson symptoms and can, therefore, contribute to a targeted use of the different dopamine agonists. Since comparative studies on the differential effect of dopamine agonists have only been conducted for individual substances, empirical knowledge of the differential effect is of great importance. Therefore, the guidelines for the treatment of Parkinson's disease do not consider the differential effect of the dopamine agonists. The historical consideration of dopamine agonists within Parkinson's therapy deserves special attention to be able to classify the current discussion about the significance of dopamine agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Woitalla
- Department of Neurology, Katholische Kliniken Der Ruhrhalbinsel, Essen, Germany.
| | - C Buhmann
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - G Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Koschel
- Department of Neurology Parkinson-Klinik Ortenau, Wolfach, Germany
| | - T Müller
- Department of Neurology, Alexianer St. Joseph Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Weise
- Department of Neurology, Asklepios Fachklinikum Stadtroda, Stadtroda, Germany
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6
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Kim KM. Unveiling the Differences in Signaling and Regulatory Mechanisms between Dopamine D2 and D3 Receptors and Their Impact on Behavioral Sensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076742. [PMID: 37047716 PMCID: PMC10095578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine receptors are classified into five subtypes, with D2R and D3R playing a crucial role in regulating mood, motivation, reward, and movement. Whereas D2R are distributed widely across the brain, including regions responsible for motor functions, D3R are primarily found in specific areas related to cognitive and emotional functions, such as the nucleus accumbens, limbic system, and prefrontal cortex. Despite their high sequence homology and similar signaling pathways, D2R and D3R have distinct regulatory properties involving desensitization, endocytosis, posttranslational modification, and interactions with other cellular components. In vivo, D3R is closely associated with behavioral sensitization, which leads to increased dopaminergic responses. Behavioral sensitization is believed to result from D3R desensitization, which removes the inhibitory effect of D3R on related behaviors. Whereas D2R maintains continuous signal transduction through agonist-induced receptor phosphorylation, arrestin recruitment, and endocytosis, which recycle and resensitize desensitized receptors, D3R rarely undergoes agonist-induced endocytosis and instead is desensitized after repeated agonist exposure. In addition, D3R undergoes more extensive posttranslational modifications, such as glycosylation and palmitoylation, which are needed for its desensitization. Overall, a series of biochemical settings more closely related to D3R could be linked to D3R-mediated behavioral sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Man Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju 61186, Republic of Korea
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7
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Quinpirole ameliorates nigral dopaminergic neuron damage in Parkinson's disease mouse model through activating GHS-R1a/D 2R heterodimers. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023:10.1038/s41401-023-01063-0. [PMID: 36899113 PMCID: PMC10374575 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHS-R1a) is an important G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that regulates a variety of functions by binding to ghrelin. It has been shown that the dimerization of GHS-R1a with other receptors also affects ingestion, energy metabolism, learning and memory. Dopamine type 2 receptor (D2R) is a GPCR mainly distributed in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), substantia nigra (SN), striatum and other brain regions. In this study we investigated the existence and function of GHS-R1a/D2R heterodimers in nigral dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD) models in vitro and in vivo. By conducting immunofluorescence staining, FRET and BRET analyses, we confirmed that GHS-R1a and D2R could form heterodimers in PC-12 cells and in the nigral dopaminergic neurons of wild-type mice. This process was inhibited by MPP+ or MPTP treatment. Application of QNP (10 μM) alone significantly increased the viability of MPP+-treated PC-12 cells, and administration of quinpirole (QNP, 1 mg/kg, i.p. once before and twice after MPTP injection) significantly alleviated motor deficits in MPTP-induced PD mice model; the beneficial effects of QNP were abolished by GHS-R1a knockdown. We revealed that the GHS-R1a/D2R heterodimers could increase the protein levels of tyrosine hydroxylase in the SN of MPTP-induced PD mice model through the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway, ultimately promoting dopamine synthesis and release. These results demonstrate a protective role for GHS-R1a/D2R heterodimers in dopaminergic neurons, providing evidence for the involvement of GHS-R1a in PD pathogenesis independent of ghrelin.
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Newman AH, Xi ZX, Heidbreder C. Current Perspectives on Selective Dopamine D 3 Receptor Antagonists/Partial Agonists as Pharmacotherapeutics for Opioid and Psychostimulant Use Disorders. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023; 60:157-201. [PMID: 35543868 PMCID: PMC9652482 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over three decades of evidence indicate that dopamine (DA) D3 receptors (D3R) are involved in the control of drug-seeking behavior and may play an important role in the pathophysiology of substance use disorders (SUD). The expectation that a selective D3R antagonist/partial agonist would be efficacious for the treatment of SUD is based on the following key observations. First, D3R are distributed in strategic areas belonging to the mesolimbic DA system such as the ventral striatum, midbrain, and ventral pallidum, which have been associated with behaviors controlled by the presentation of drug-associated cues. Second, repeated exposure to drugs of abuse produces neuroadaptations in the D3R system. Third, the synthesis and characterization of highly potent and selective D3R antagonists/partial agonists have further strengthened the role of the D3R in SUD. Based on extensive preclinical and preliminary clinical evidence, the D3R shows promise as a target for the development of pharmacotherapies for SUD as reflected by their potential to (1) regulate the motivation to self-administer drugs and (2) disrupt the responsiveness to drug-associated stimuli that play a key role in reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior triggered by re-exposure to the drug itself, drug-associated environmental cues, or stress. The availability of PET ligands to assess clinically relevant receptor occupancy by selective D3R antagonists/partial agonists, the definition of reliable dosing, and the prospect of using human laboratory models may further guide the design of clinical proof of concept studies. Pivotal clinical trials for more rapid progression of this target toward regulatory approval are urgently required. Finally, the discovery that highly selective D3R antagonists, such as R-VK4-116 and R-VK4-40, do not adversely affect peripheral biometrics or cardiovascular effects alone or in the presence of oxycodone or cocaine suggests that this class of drugs has great potential in safely treating psychostimulant and/or opioid use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Hauck Newman
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Zheng-Xiong Xi
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
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9
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Azam F, Bello M. Dynamic and thermodynamic impact of L94A, W100A, and W100L mutations on the D2 dopamine receptor bound to risperidone. RSC Adv 2022; 12:34359-34368. [PMID: 36545576 PMCID: PMC9709807 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06694g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
DRD2 is an important receptor in the mediation of antipsychotic drugs but also in Parkinson medication, hyperprolactinemia, nausea and vomiting. Recently, crystallographic studies of the DRD2-risperidone complex have provided important information about risperidone recognition in wild-type and different stabilizing DRD2-risperidone residues. Using the crystallographic structure of the DRD2-risperidone complex as a starting point, we undertook molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the structural and thermodynamic basis of molecular recognition by risperidone at the ligand-binding sites of wild-type and mutant DRD2. A solvated phospholipid bilayer was used to construct DRD2-risperidone complexes, which were then subjected to several microsecond (μs) MD simulations in order to obtain realistic receptor-ligand conformations under the equilibrated simulation time. Risperidone had a higher affinity for wild-type and L94A mutant DRD2 than the W100L and W100A mutants, according to binding free energy calculations using the Molecular Mechanics Generalized-Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) method, explaining the experimental differences in ligand residence times. Principal component (PC) analysis revealed important conformational mobility upon molecular recognition of risperidone for the L94A mutant compared to the wild type, indicating an unfavorable entropic component that may contribute to improving risperidone affinity in the L94A DRD2 mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim UniversityUnaizah51911Saudi Arabia
| | - Martiniano Bello
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico NacionalPlan de San Luis y Diaz Mirón, S/N, Col. Casco de Santo TomasCiudad de México 11340Mexico
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10
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Sokoloff P, Le Foll B. A Historical Perspective on the Dopamine D3 Receptor. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2022; 60:1-28. [PMID: 35467293 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Before 1990, the multiplicity of dopamine receptors beyond D1 and D2 had remained a controversial concept, despite its substantial clinical implications, at a time when it was widely accepted that dopamine interacted with only two receptor subtypes, termed D1 and D2, differing one from the other by their pharmacological specificity and opposite effects on adenylyl cyclase. It was also generally admitted that the therapeutic efficacy of antipsychotics resulted from blockade of D2 receptors. Thanks to molecular biology techniques, the D3 receptor could be characterized as a distinct molecular entity having a restricted anatomical gene expression and different signaling, which could imply peculiar functions in controlling cognitive and emotional behaviors. Due to the structural similarities of D2 and D3 receptors, the search for D3-selective compounds proved to be difficult, but nevertheless led to the identification of fairly potent and in vitro and in vivo selective compounds. The latter permitted to confirm a role of D3 receptors in motor functions, addiction, cognition, and schizophrenia, which paved the way for the development of new drugs for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Departments of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Waypoint Research Institute, Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care, 5, Penetanguishene, ON, Canada.
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11
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Roy N, Parhar I. Habenula orphan G-protein coupled receptors in the pathophysiology of fear and anxiety. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:870-883. [PMID: 34801259 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The phasic emotion, fear, and the tonic emotion, anxiety, have been conventionally inspected in clinical frameworks to epitomize memory acquisition, storage, and retrieval. However, inappropriate expression of learned fear in a safe environment and its resistance to suppression is a cardinal feature of various fear-related disorders. A significant body of literature suggests the involvement of extra-amygdala circuitry in fear disorders. Consistent with this view, the present review underlies incentives for the association between the habenula and fear memory. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important to understand the molecular mechanisms central to fear learning due to their neuromodulatory role. The efficacy of a pharmacological strategy aimed at exploiting habenular-GPCR desensitization machinery can serve as a therapeutic target combating the pathophysiology of fear disorders. Originating from this milieu, the conserved nature of orphan GPCRs in the brain, with some having the highest expression in the habenula can lead to recent endeavors in understanding its functionality in fear circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisa Roy
- Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ishwar Parhar
- Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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12
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Seeman MV. History of the dopamine hypothesis of antipsychotic action. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:355-364. [PMID: 34327128 PMCID: PMC8311512 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i7.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopamine hypothesis of how antipsychotic drugs exert their beneficial effect in psychotic illness has an interesting history that dates back to 1950. This hypothesis is not to be confused with the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia; the aim of the latter is to explain the etiology of schizophrenia. The present review does not deal with schizophrenia but, rather, with the historical development of our current understanding of the dopamine-associated actions of the drugs that reduce the symptoms of psychosis. This historical review begins with the serendipitous discovery of chlorpromazine, a drug synthesized around a chemical core that initially served to produce man-made dyes. This molecular core subsequently contributed to the chemistry of antihistamines. It was with the aim of producing a superior antihistamine that chlorpromazine was synthesized; instead, it revolutionized the treatment of psychosis. The first hypothesis of how this drug worked was that it induced hypothermia, a cooling of the body that led to a tranquilization of the mind. The new, at the time, discoveries of the presence of chemical transmitters in the brain soon steered investigations away from a temperature-related hypothesis toward questioning how this drug, and other drugs with similar properties and effects, modulated endogenous neurotransmission. As a result, over the years, researchers from around the world have begun to progressively learn what antipsychotic drugs do in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary V Seeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5P 3L6, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Agustí A, Campillo I, Balzano T, Benítez-Páez A, López-Almela I, Romaní-Pérez M, Forteza J, Felipo V, Avena NM, Sanz Y. Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 Modulates the Brain Reward Response to Reduce Binge Eating and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rat. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:4959-4979. [PMID: 34228269 PMCID: PMC8497301 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02462-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Food addiction (FA) is characterized by behavioral and neurochemical changes linked to loss of food intake control. Gut microbiota may influence appetite and food intake via endocrine and neural routes. The gut microbiota is known to impact homeostatic energy mechanisms, but its role in regulating the reward system is less certain. We show that the administration of Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 (B. uniformis) in a rat FA model impacts on the brain reward response, ameliorating binge eating and decreasing anxiety-like behavior. These effects are mediated, at least in part, by changes in the levels of dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline in the nucleus accumbens and in the expression of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the prefrontal cortex and intestine. B. uniformis reverses the fasting-induced microbiota changes and increases the abundance of species linked to healthy metabolotypes. Our data indicate that microbiota-based interventions might help to control compulsive overeating by modulating the reward response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Agustí
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Isabel Campillo
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Tiziano Balzano
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Benítez-Páez
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada López-Almela
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Romaní-Pérez
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Forteza
- Instituto Valenciano de Patología Unidad Mixta de Patología Molecular, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe/Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nicole M Avena
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health. Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research(IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
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14
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Verduzco-Mendoza A, Carrillo-Mora P, Avila-Luna A, Gálvez-Rosas A, Olmos-Hernández A, Mota-Rojas D, Bueno-Nava A. Role of the Dopaminergic System in the Striatum and Its Association With Functional Recovery or Rehabilitation After Brain Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:693404. [PMID: 34248494 PMCID: PMC8264205 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.693404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Disabilities are estimated to occur in approximately 2% of survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) worldwide, and disability may persist even decades after brain injury. Facilitation or modulation of functional recovery is an important goal of rehabilitation in all patients who survive severe TBI. However, this recovery tends to vary among patients because it is affected by the biological and physical characteristics of the patients; the types, doses, and application regimens of the drugs used; and clinical indications. In clinical practice, diverse dopaminergic drugs with various dosing and application procedures are used for TBI. Previous studies have shown that dopamine (DA) neurotransmission is disrupted following moderate to severe TBI and have reported beneficial effects of drugs that affect the dopaminergic system. However, the mechanisms of action of dopaminergic drugs have not been completely clarified, partly because dopaminergic receptor activation can lead to restoration of the pathway of the corticobasal ganglia after injury in brain structures with high densities of these receptors. This review aims to provide an overview of the functionality of the dopaminergic system in the striatum and its roles in functional recovery or rehabilitation after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Verduzco-Mendoza
- Ph.D. Program in Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Division of Biotechnology-Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul Carrillo-Mora
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Avila-Luna
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Gálvez-Rosas
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Olmos-Hernández
- Division of Biotechnology-Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Mota-Rojas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Bueno-Nava
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Roles of the Functional Interaction between Brain Cholinergic and Dopaminergic Systems in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Schizophrenia and Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094299. [PMID: 33919025 PMCID: PMC8122651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Most physiologic processes in the brain and related diseases involve more than one neurotransmitter system. Thus, elucidation of the interaction between different neurotransmitter systems could allow for better therapeutic approaches to the treatments of related diseases. Dopaminergic (DAergic) and cholinergic neurotransmitter system regulate various brain functions that include cognition, movement, emotion, etc. This review focuses on the interaction between the brain DAergic and cholinergic systems with respect to the pathogenesis and treatment of schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease (PD). We first discussed the selection of motor plans at the level of basal ganglia, the major DAergic and cholinergic pathways in the brain, and the receptor subtypes involved in the interaction between the two signaling systems. Next, the roles of each signaling system were discussed in the context of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, with a focus on the α7 nicotinic cholinergic receptor and the dopamine D1 receptor in the prefrontal cortex. In addition, the roles of the nicotinic and dopamine receptors were discussed in the context of regulation of striatal cholinergic interneurons, which play crucial roles in the degeneration of nigrostriatal DAergic neurons and the development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in PD patients. Finally, we discussed the general mechanisms of nicotine-induced protection of DAergic neurons.
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16
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Pandey P, Singh A, Kaur H, Ghosh-Roy A, Babu K. Increased dopaminergic neurotransmission results in ethanol dependent sedative behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009346. [PMID: 33524034 PMCID: PMC7877767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol is a widely used drug, excessive consumption of which could lead to medical conditions with diverse symptoms. Ethanol abuse causes dysfunction of memory, attention, speech and locomotion across species. Dopamine signaling plays an essential role in ethanol dependent behaviors in animals ranging from C. elegans to humans. We devised an ethanol dependent assay in which mutants in the dopamine autoreceptor, dop-2, displayed a unique sedative locomotory behavior causing the animals to move in circles while dragging the posterior half of their body. Here, we identify the posterior dopaminergic sensory neuron as being essential to modulate this behavior. We further demonstrate that in dop-2 mutants, ethanol exposure increases dopamine secretion and functions in a DVA interneuron dependent manner. DVA releases the neuropeptide NLP-12 that is known to function through cholinergic motor neurons and affect movement. Thus, DOP-2 modulates dopamine levels at the synapse and regulates alcohol induced movement through NLP-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratima Pandey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, India
| | - Anuradha Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, India
| | - Harjot Kaur
- National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
| | | | - Kavita Babu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali, India
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
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17
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Gomes-Duarte A, Bauer S, Venø MT, Norwood BA, Henshall DC, Kjems J, Rosenow F, Vangoor VR, Pasterkamp RJ. Enrichment of Circular RNA Expression Deregulation at the Transition to Recurrent Spontaneous Seizures in Experimental Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Front Genet 2021; 12:627907. [PMID: 33584828 PMCID: PMC7876452 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.627907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a common form of epilepsy and is characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures originating from the temporal lobe. The majority of mTLE patients develop pharmacoresistance to available anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) while exhibiting severe pathological changes that can include hippocampal atrophy, neuronal death, gliosis and chronic seizures. The molecular mechanisms leading to mTLE remain incompletely understood, but are known to include defects in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation, including in non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of recently rediscovered ncRNAs with high levels of expression in the brain and proposed roles in diverse neuronal processes. To explore a potential role for circRNAs in epilepsy, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on hippocampal tissue from a rat perforant pathway stimulation (PPS) model of TLE at different post-stimulation time points. This analysis revealed 218 differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs. Remarkably, the majority of these circRNAs were changed at the time of the occurrence of the first spontaneous seizure (DOFS). The expression pattern of two circRNAs, circ_Arhgap4 and circ_Nav3, was further validated and linked to miR-6328 and miR-10b-3p target regulation, respectively. This is the first study to examine the regulation of circRNAs during the development of epilepsy. It reveals an intriguing link between circRNA deregulation and the transition of brain networks into the state of spontaneous seizure activity. Together, our results provide a molecular framework for further understanding the role and mechanism-of-action of circRNAs in TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Gomes-Duarte
- Affiliated Partner of the European Reference Network EpiCARE, Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Neurocenter, University Hospital Frankfurt and Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Morten T. Venø
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Omiics ApS, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Braxton A. Norwood
- Department of Neuroscience, Expesicor Inc., Kalispell, MT, United States
- Diagnostics Development, FYR Diagnostics, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - David C. Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Felix Rosenow
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Neurocenter, University Hospital Frankfurt and Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Vamshidhar R. Vangoor
- Affiliated Partner of the European Reference Network EpiCARE, Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - R. Jeroen Pasterkamp
- Affiliated Partner of the European Reference Network EpiCARE, Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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18
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Time-course of changes in key catecholaminergic receptors and trophic systems in rat brain after antidepressant administration. Neurochem Int 2020; 141:104885. [PMID: 33132141 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Several biochemical parameters within the brain are altered by antidepressants. However, it is still uncertain which parameters are important for the evaluation of the effectiveness of these drugs. What seems certain is that the response of the nervous system is dynamic. The dynamic nature of the nervous system is still poorly understood, although it has implications in clinical management. Criteria for evaluating treatment resistant depression are based on this temporal variability. The present study was designed to evaluate dynamic alterations in catecholaminergic receptors and calcyon (associated with monoaminergic theory of depression) in the rat brain as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase beta (TRKB; related to neurotrophin theory) induced by three antidepressant drugs (ADs) with various pharmacological profiles (imipramine, desipramine, and citalopram) administered for 21 days or acutely, followed by various drug-free periods. Receptor autoradiography and in situ hybridization studies allowed us to identify changes in various brain regions simultaneously in each rat. Repeated treatment with ADs induced biochemical alterations, which were in agreement with the results of previous studies. These alterations include the downregulation of β1, β2, and α1 adrenergic receptors, upregulation of α2-adrenergic receptors and dopamine D2 receptors, and increased expression of BDNF in the hippocampus. Additionally, we observed dynamic alterations in the measured parameters after acute drug administration, particularly at the level of dopamine receptors, which were extremely sensitive to a single dose of ADs followed by various drug-free periods. All three ADs induced the upregulation of dopamine D2 receptor mRNA levels in the nucleus accumbens. The same effect was induced by single doses of ADs followed by various drug-free periods. The obtained results indicate that alterations in the availability of neurotransmitters at synapses induced by ADs are strong enough to induce immediate and long-lasting adaptive changes in the neuronal network.
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Albert PR. Orphans to the rescue: orphan G-protein coupled receptors as new antidepressant targets. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2020; 45:301-303. [PMID: 32820877 PMCID: PMC7850153 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.200149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Albert
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Neuroscience), UOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
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20
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García-Pedraza JÁ, Morán A, Martín ML, Ollauri-Ibáñez C, Rodríguez-Barbero A, Villalón CM, García-Domingo M. Dopamine D 4 receptor subtype activation reduces the rat cardiac parasympathetic discharge. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:1693-1703. [PMID: 32820344 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The dopaminergic system influences the heart rhythm by inhibiting the rat cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic neurotransmissions through activation of D2-like receptors (encompassing the D2, D3, and D4 subtypes). Whereas D2 receptor subtype activation results in cardiac sympatho-inhibition, the dopamine receptor subtypes involved in rat cardiac vago-inhibition remain unknown. Hence, this study investigated the specific functional role of the D2-like receptor subtypes (D2, D3, and/or D4) inhibiting the rat heart cholinergic drive. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were pithed and prepared for cardiac vagal stimulation. Bradycardic responses were obtained by electrical stimulation of vagal fibres (3, 6, 9 Hz; n = 100) or i.v. acetylcholine (ACh; 1, 5, 10 μg/kg; n = 15). Expression of D2, D3, and D4 receptors was studied in left and right atrium samples by PCR (n = 4). Intravenous injections of quinpirole (D2-like agonist; 1-30 μg/kg), but not of SFK-38393 (D1-like agonist; 1-30 μg/kg), dose-dependently inhibited the vagally induced bradycardia. The vago-inhibition induced by quinpirole (which failed to affect the bradycardia to i.v. ACh) was unchanged after i.v. injections of the antagonists L-741,626 (D2; 100 μg/kg) or SB-277011-A (D3; 100 μg/kg), but it was abolished by L-745,870 (D4; 100 μg/kg). mRNA levels of D2, D3, and D4 receptor subtype were detected in the left and right rat atria. Our results suggest that the quinpirole-induced vagolytic effect involves prejunctional D4 receptor subtypes, located in the left and right atria. This provides new evidence on the relevance of D4 receptor modulating the heart parasympathetic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ángel García-Pedraza
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Dep. de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Asunción Morán
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Dep. de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Luisa Martín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Dep. de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Claudia Ollauri-Ibáñez
- Unidad de Fisiopatología Renal y Cardiovascular, Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Dep. de Fisiología y Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alicia Rodríguez-Barbero
- Unidad de Fisiopatología Renal y Cardiovascular, Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Dep. de Fisiología y Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos M Villalón
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Deleg. Tlalpan, 14330, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica García-Domingo
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Dep. de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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21
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Bahi A, Dreyer JL. Lentiviral-mediated up-regulation of let-7d microRNA decreases alcohol intake through down-regulating the dopamine D3 receptor. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 37:70-81. [PMID: 32646740 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that Lethal-7 (let-7) microRNA (miRNA) is involved in a wide range of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and cocaine addiction. However, the exact role of let-7d miRNA in regulating ethanol intake and preference remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of accumbal let-7d in controlling ethanol-related behaviors in adult rats. For this purpose, stereotaxic injections of let-7d-overexpressing lentiviral vectors (LV) were administered bilaterally into the nucleus accumbens (Nacc) of Wistar rats. The ethanol-related behaviors were investigated using the two-bottle choice (TBC) access paradigm, in which the rats had access to 2.5, 5, and 10% ethanol solutions, the grid hanging test (GHT) and ethanol-induced loss-of-righting-reflex (LORR) test. The results showed that intra-accumbally administered let-7d-overexpressing LV significantly decreased ethanol intake and preference without having significant effects on body weight, consumption or preference for tastants (saccharin and quinine) or ethanol metabolism. Furthermore, accumbal let-7d increased resistance to ethanol-induced sedation in the GHT and LORR test. Most importantly, the data showed that the dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) was a candidate target of let-7d In fact, and using real time PCR, let-7d was found to directly target D3R mRNA to decrease its expression. Further analyses proved that D3R expression was negatively correlated with the levels of let-7d and ethanol-related behaviors parameters. Taken together, the data indicating that let-7d impaired ethanol-related behaviors by targeting D3R will open up new exciting possibilities and might provide potential therapeutic evidence for alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Bahi
- College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE.
| | - Jean-Luc Dreyer
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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22
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Niu D, Li Z, Du Y, He S, Dong Z, Li J. Identification of a dopamine receptor in Sinonovacula constricta and its antioxidant responses. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:103512. [PMID: 31585193 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine (DA) D2 receptor is a member of the G protein-coupled receptors of organisms and plays an important role in immune system regulation. The presence of DA receptors has been widely reported in vertebrates, but few studies have been conducted in shellfish. Here, we identified a novel DA-D2 receptor gene, ScDopR2-1, in the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta. ScDopR2-1 belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptors, containing seven hydrophobic transmembrane domains, along with 16 predicted N-glycosylation sites and 69 phosphorylation sites. A longer third intracellular loop and a shorter C-terminus in ScDopR2-1 are characteristic features of D2 receptors. ScDopR2-1 is widely expressed in tissues from adult clams, showing high expression in siphon and foot tissues. Furthermore, in response to Vibrio anguillarum challenge, ScDopR2-1 expression levels are significantly increased in liver tissue. Moreover, changes in the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) also indicate that the organism causes an immune response. In summary, the results indicate that ScDopR2-1 plays a pivotal role in antioxidant responses in S. constricta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yunchao Du
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shengyao He
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhiguo Dong
- Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources and College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China; Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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23
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Felsing DE, Jain MK, Allen JA. Advances in Dopamine D1 Receptor Ligands for Neurotherapeutics. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:1365-1380. [PMID: 31553283 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190712210903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) is essential for neurotransmission in various brain pathways where it modulates key functions including voluntary movement, memory, attention and reward. Not surprisingly, the D1R has been validated as a promising drug target for over 40 years and selective activation of this receptor may provide novel neurotherapeutics for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Several pharmacokinetic challenges with previously identified small molecule D1R agonists have been recently overcome with the discovery and advancement of new ligands, including drug-like non-catechol D1R agonists and positive allosteric modulators. From this, several novel molecules and mechanisms have recently entered clinical studies. Here we review the major classes of D1R selective ligands including antagonists, orthosteric agonists, non-catechol biased agonists and positive allosteric modulators, highlighting their structure-activity relationships and medicinal chemistry. Recent chemistry breakthroughs and innovative approaches to selectively target and activate the D1R also hold promise for creating pharmacotherapy for several neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Felsing
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555-0615, United States.,Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555-0615, United States
| | - Manish K Jain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555-0615, United States.,Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555-0615, United States
| | - John A Allen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555-0615, United States.,Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555-0615, United States
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24
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Gálvez-Rosas A, Avila-Luna A, Valdés-Flores M, Montes S, Bueno-Nava A. GABAergic imbalance is normalized by dopamine D 1 receptor activation in the striatum contralateral to the cortical injury in motor deficit-recovered rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2211-2222. [PMID: 30859334 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05215-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The sensorimotor cortex and the striatum are interconnected by the corticostriatal pathway, suggesting that cortical injury alters the striatal function, which may be modulated by dopamine. OBJECTIVES We studied whether the activation of dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) modulates the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate levels in the striatum of recovered rats at 192 h after cortical injury. METHODS The D1R agonist SKF-38393 (0, 2, 3, or 4 mg/kg) was administered at 24, 48, 96, and 192 h post-injury, and then rats were decapitated to determine GABA and glutamate levels and the levels of D1R mRNA on both sides of the striatum. RESULTS GABAergic imbalance in the striatum contralateral to the injury site was normalized by the administration of the D1R agonist, but this treatment did not produce a significant effect on glutamate levels, suggesting that glutamate was metabolized into GABA. The administration of SKF-38393 (2 mg/kg) decreased the levels of D1R mRNA in the striatum contralateral to the injury, and this effect was blocked by the coadministration of the D1R antagonist SCH-23390 (2 mg/kg). In the striatum ipsilateral to the injury, the D1R agonist increased the D1R mRNA levels, an effect that was blocked by SCH-23390. CONCLUSION The reversal of the GABAergic imbalance in the striatum contralateral to the cortical injury can be modulated by extrastriatal D1R activation, and the D1R agonist-induced increases in the D1R mRNA levels in the striatum ipsilateral to the injury suggest that the striatum may be necessary to achieve functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Gálvez-Rosas
- Lab. Neurofisiología Química de la Discapacidad, División de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, SSa, Calz. México-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Avila-Luna
- Lab. Neurofisiología Química de la Discapacidad, División de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, SSa, Calz. México-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Margarita Valdés-Flores
- Departamento de Genética y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, SSa, Calz. México-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Montes
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, SSa, Insurgentes Sur 3877, 14269, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Bueno-Nava
- Lab. Neurofisiología Química de la Discapacidad, División de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, SSa, Calz. México-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico.
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25
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Weissenrieder JS, Neighbors JD, Mailman RB, Hohl RJ. Cancer and the Dopamine D 2 Receptor: A Pharmacological Perspective. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:111-126. [PMID: 31000578 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.256818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) family is upregulated in many cancers and tied to stemness. Reduced cancer risk has been correlated with disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease, in which dopaminergic drugs are used. D2R antagonists are reported to have anticancer efficacy in cell culture and animal models where they have reduced tumor growth, induced autophagy, affected lipid metabolism, and caused apoptosis, among other effects. This has led to several hypotheses, the most prevalent being that D2R ligands may be a novel approach to cancer chemotherapy. This hypothesis is appealing because of the large number of approved and experimental drugs of this class that could be repurposed. We review the current state of the literature and the evidence for and against this hypothesis. When the existing literature is evaluated from a pharmacological context, one of the striking findings is that the concentrations needed for cytotoxic effects of D2R antagonists are orders of magnitude higher than their affinity for this receptor. Although additional definitive studies will provide further clarity, our hypothesis is that targeting D2-like dopamine receptors may only yield useful ligands for cancer chemotherapy in rare cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian S Weissenrieder
- Biomedical Sciences Program (J.S.W.) and Departments of Medicine (J.D.N., R.J.H.) and Pharmacology (J.D.N., R.B.M., R.J.H.), Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey D Neighbors
- Biomedical Sciences Program (J.S.W.) and Departments of Medicine (J.D.N., R.J.H.) and Pharmacology (J.D.N., R.B.M., R.J.H.), Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard B Mailman
- Biomedical Sciences Program (J.S.W.) and Departments of Medicine (J.D.N., R.J.H.) and Pharmacology (J.D.N., R.B.M., R.J.H.), Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Raymond J Hohl
- Biomedical Sciences Program (J.S.W.) and Departments of Medicine (J.D.N., R.J.H.) and Pharmacology (J.D.N., R.B.M., R.J.H.), Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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26
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Gallo EF. Disentangling the diverse roles of dopamine D2 receptors in striatal function and behavior. Neurochem Int 2019; 125:35-46. [PMID: 30716356 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) mediate many of the actions of dopamine in the striatum, ranging from movement to the effortful pursuit of reward. Yet despite significant advances in linking D2Rs to striatal functions with pharmacological and genetic strategies in animals, how dopamine orchestrates its myriad actions on different cell populations -each expressing D2Rs- remains unclear. Furthermore, brain imaging and genetic studies in humans have consistently associated striatal D2R alterations with various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, but how and which D2Rs are involved in each case is poorly understood. Therefore, a critical first step is to engage in a refined and systematic investigation of the impact of D2R function on specific striatal cells, circuits, and behaviors. Here, I will review recent efforts, primarily in animal models, aimed at unlocking the complex and heterogeneous roles of D2Rs in striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo F Gallo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.
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27
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Reinscheid RK, Civelli O. The History of N/OFQ and the NOP Receptor. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 254:3-16. [PMID: 30689090 DOI: 10.1007/164_2018_195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) marks the genuine start of the reverse pharmacology era, when systematic hunting for ligands of orphan receptors began. The choice of this particular target was no coincidence as the orphan receptor ORL-1 displayed high similarity to known opioid receptors, and thus its elusive ligand held promise to find more than a ligand but a missing opioid peptide. N/OFQ indeed turned out to belong to the opioid peptide family, but with significant pharmacological and functional distinctions. The quest for understanding N/OFQ's physiological functions has produced some novel insights into stress regulation and many other body functions but is still ongoing almost 25 years after its discovery. This chapter highlights the early steps of orphan receptor research and some of the protagonists who helped to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer K Reinscheid
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany.
- Institute of Physiology I, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
| | - Olivier Civelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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28
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Abstract
Based on the analysis of the original literature, the author for the first time systemizes the data on the story of atypical antipsychotic drugs. The history of introduction of the first atypical neuroleptics - clozapine and sulpiride, which launched the dichotomic development of psychopharmacology of atypical antipsychotics, is described. Historical facts on the introduction into practice of different sulpiride- and clozapine-like neuroleptics as well as the relationship of their history with the elaboration of dopamine and serotonin hypotheses of mechanisms of action of antipsychotics are presented. The author analyzes the efficacy and tolerability of treatment with different atypical neuroleptics. An importance of evidence-based medicine principles in the history of atypical antipsychotics is described. A significance of the history of some atypical and typical (pericyazine) neuroleptics in the evolution of conceptions on the validity of evidence-based medicine in psychiatry is evaluated. Main stages in the history of typical and atypical antipsychotics are determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Danilov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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29
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Sun N, Zhang X, Guo S, Le HT, Zhang X, Kim KM. Molecular mechanisms involved in epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated inhibition of dopamine D 3 receptor signaling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:1187-1200. [PMID: 29885323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon wherein the signaling by a given receptor is regulated by a different class of receptors is termed transactivation or crosstalk. Crosstalk between receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is highly diverse and has unique functional implications because of the distinct structural features of the receptors and the signaling pathways involved. The present study used the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and dopamine D3 receptor (D3R), which are both associated with schizophrenia, as the model system to study crosstalk between RTKs and GPCRs. Loss-of-function approaches were used to identify the cellular components involved in the tyrosine phosphorylation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), which is responsible for EGFR-induced regulation of the functions of D3R. SRC proto-oncogene (Src, non-receptor tyrosine kinase), heterotrimeric G protein Gβγ subunit, and endocytosis of EGFR were involved in the tyrosine phosphorylation of GRK2. In response to EGF treatment, Src interacted with EGFR in a Gβγ-dependent manner, resulting in the endocytosis of EGFR. Internalized EGFR in the cytosol mediated Src/Gβγ-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of GRK2. The binding of tyrosine-phosphorylated GRK2 to the T142 residue of D3R resulted in uncoupling from G proteins, endocytosis, and lysosomal downregulation. This study identified the molecular mechanisms involved in the EGFR-mediated regulation of the functions of D3R, which can be extended to the crosstalk between other RTKs and GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuohan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang Thi Le
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Man Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Paroxetine and Low-dose Risperidone Induce Serotonin 5-HT1A and Dopamine D2 Receptor Heteromerization in the Mouse Prefrontal Cortex. Neuroscience 2018; 377:184-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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31
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Wang S, Che T, Levit A, Shoichet BK, Wacker D, Roth BL. Structure of the D2 dopamine receptor bound to the atypical antipsychotic drug risperidone. Nature 2018; 555:269-273. [PMID: 29466326 PMCID: PMC5843546 DOI: 10.1038/nature25758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that has been implicated in processes as diverse as reward, addiction, control of coordinated movement, metabolism and hormonal secretion. Correspondingly, dysregulation of the dopaminergic system has been implicated in diseases such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and nausea and vomiting. The actions of dopamine are mediated by a family of five G-protein-coupled receptors. The D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) is the primary target for both typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs, and for drugs used to treat Parkinson's disease. Unfortunately, many drugs that target DRD2 cause serious and potentially life-threatening side effects due to promiscuous activities against related receptors. Accordingly, a molecular understanding of the structure and function of DRD2 could provide a template for the design of safer and more effective medications. Here we report the crystal structure of DRD2 in complex with the widely prescribed atypical antipsychotic drug risperidone. The DRD2-risperidone structure reveals an unexpected mode of antipsychotic drug binding to dopamine receptors, and highlights structural determinants that are essential for the actions of risperidone and related drugs at DRD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA
| | - Tao Che
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA
| | - Anat Levit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158-2280, USA
| | - Brian K. Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158-2280, USA
| | - Daniel Wacker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7365, USA
- Division of Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, USA
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32
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Lv C, Mo C, Liu H, Wu C, Li Z, Li J, Wang Y. Dopamine D2-like receptors (DRD2 and DRD4) in chickens: Tissue distribution, functional analysis, and their involvement in dopamine inhibition of pituitary prolactin expression. Gene 2018; 651:33-43. [PMID: 29382572 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) D2-like (and D1-like) receptors are suggested to mediate the dopamine actions in the anterior pituitary and/or CNS of birds. However, the information regarding the structure, functionality, and expression of avian D2-like receptors have not been fully characterized. In this study, we cloned two D2-like receptors (cDRD2, cDRD4) from chicken brain using RACE PCR. The cloned cDRD4 is a 378-amino acid receptor, which shows 57% amino acid (a.a.) identity with mouse DRD4. As in mammals, two cDRD2 isoforms, cDRD2L (long isoform, 437 a.a.) and cDRD2S (short isoform, 408 a.a.), which differ in their third intracellular loop, were identified in chickens. Using cell-based luciferase reporter assays or Western blot, we demonstrated that cDRD4, cDRD2L and cDRD2S could be activated by dopamine and quinpirole (a D2-like receptor agonist) dose-dependently, and their activation inhibits cAMP signaling pathway and stimulates MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, indicating that they are functional receptors capable of mediating dopamine actions. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that cDRD2 and cDRD4 are widely expressed in chicken tissues with abundant expression noted in anterior pituitary, and their expressions are likely controlled by their promoters near exon 1, as demonstrated by dual-luciferase reporter assays in DF-1 cells. In accordance with cDRD2/cDRD4 expression in the pituitary, DA or quinpirole could partially inhibit vasoactive intestinal peptide-induced prolactin expression in cultured chick pituitary cells. Together, our data proves the functionality of DRD2 and DRD4 in birds and aids to uncover the conserved roles of DA/D2-like receptor system in vertebrates, such as its action on the pituitary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Chunheng Mo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Haikun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Chao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Zhengyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
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33
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Li AJ, Xie W, Wang M, Xu SC. Molecular Mechanism and Dynamics of S-Deoxyephedrine Moving through Molecular Channels within D 3R. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8896-8910. [PMID: 31457418 PMCID: PMC6645573 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the trajectories of S-deoxyephedrine (SBD) along molecular channels within the complex protein structure of third dopamine receptor (D3R) are analyzed via molecular dynamic techniques, including potential mean force calculations of umbrella samplings from the 4.5 version of the GROMACS program. Changes in free energy due to the movement of SBD within D3R are determined, and the molecular dynamic mechanisms of SBD transmitting along molecular channels are probed. Molecular simulated results show that the change in free energy is calculated as 171.7 kJ·mol-1 for the transmission of SBD toward the outside of the cell along the y+ axis functional molecular channel and is 275.0 kJ·mol-1 for movement toward the intracellular structure along the y- axis. Within the internal structure of D3R, the changes in free energy are determined to be 103.6, 242.1, 459.7, and 127.8 kJ·mol-1 for transmission of SBD along the x+, x-, z+, and z- axes, respectively, toward the cell bilayer membrane, which indicates that SBD leaves much more easily along the x+ axis through the gap between the TM5 (the fifth transmembrane helix) and TM6 (the sixth transmembrane helix) from the internal structure of D3R. The values of free-energy changes indicate that SBD molecules can clear the protective channel within D3R, which helps dopamine molecules to leave the D3R internal structure along the x+ axis and to prevent them for exerting excessive neurotransmitter function. Therefore, our results suggest that SBD is effective for development as a drug for treating schizophrenia and its pharmacology is closely related to its dynamics and mechanisms within the molecular pathway of dopamine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Jing Li
- College
of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy and Key Laboratory
of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R.
China
| | - Wei Xie
- College
of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy and Key Laboratory
of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R.
China
| | - Ming Wang
- College
of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy and Key Laboratory
of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R.
China
| | - Si Chuan Xu
- College
of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy and Key Laboratory
of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R.
China
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34
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Obi K, Amano I, Takatsuru Y. Role of dopamine on functional recovery in the contralateral hemisphere after focal stroke in the somatosensory cortex. Brain Res 2017; 1678:146-152. [PMID: 29079503 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Functional recovery after a stroke is important for patients' quality of life. Not only medical care during the acute phase, but also rehabilitation during the chronic phase after a stroke is important. However, the mechanisms underlying functional recovery, particularly the chronic phase after stroke, are still not fully understood. Thus, further basic study on brain after focal stroke is necessary. In this study, we found that the concentration of dopamine (DA) increased during first week after a stroke in the hemisphere contralateral in the site of stroke by in vivo microdialysis. When we applied haloperidol (HPD), a potent DA receptor blocker, functional recovery was inhibited. Interestingly, administration of aripiprazole (ARP), a novel partial agonist of the DA receptor, during the chronic phase improved the remodeling of neuronal circuits in somatosensory cortex (SSC). These findings indicate that the DAergic system play a critical role in functional compensation by the non-infarcted hemisphere after a focal stroke in SSC. It is also revealed that administration of HPD/ARP to stroke patients affects functional recovery after a stroke, and stimulation of the DAergic system during the chronic phase of stroke potentially benefits stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisho Obi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Izuki Amano
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takatsuru
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
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Du P, He Z, Cai Z, Hao X, Dong N, Yuan W, Hou W, Yang J, Jia R, Tai F. Chronic central oxytocin infusion impairs sociability in mandarin voles. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 161:38-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Palacios JM, Mengod G. Receptor visualization and the atomic bomb. A historical account of the development of the chemical neuroanatomy of receptors for neurotransmitters and drugs during the Cold War. J Chem Neuroanat 2017; 88:76-112. [PMID: 28755996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This is a historical account of how receptors for neurotransmitters and drugs got to be seen at the regional, cellular, and subcellular levels in brain, in the years going from the end of the World War II until the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Cold War (1945-1991). The realization in the US of the problem of mental health care, as a consequence of the results of medical evaluation for military service during the war, let the US Government to act creating among other things the National Institute for Mental Health (NIMH). Coincident with that, new drug treatments for these disorders were introduced. War science also created an important number of tools and instruments, such as the radioisotopes, that played a significant role in the development of our story. The scientific context was marked by the development of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and the introduction in the early 80's of the DNA recombinant technologies. The concepts of chemical neurotransmission in the brain and of receptors for drugs and transmitters, although proposed before the war, where not generally accepted. Neurotransmitters were identified and the mechanisms of biosynthesis, storage, release and termination of action by mechanisms such as reuptake, elucidated. Furthermore, the synapse was seen with the electron microscope and more important for our account, neurons and their processes visualized in the brain first by fluorescence histochemistry, then using radioisotopes and autoradiography, and later by immunohistochemistry (IHC), originating the Chemical Neuroanatomy. The concept of chemical neurotransmission evolved from the amines, expanded to excitatory and inhibitory amino acids, then to neuropeptides and finally to gases and other "atypical" neurotransmitters. In addition, coexpression of more than one transmitter in a neuron, changed the initial ideas of neurotransmission. The concept of receptors for these and other messengers underwent a significant evolution from an abstract chemical concept to their physical reality as gene products. Important steps were the introduction in the 70's of radioligand binding techniques and the cloning of receptor genes in the 80's. Receptors were first visualized using radioligands and autoradiography, and analyzed with the newly developed computer-assisted image analysis systems. Using Positron Emission Tomography transmitters and receptors were visualized in living human brain. The cloning of receptor genes allowed the use of in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry to visualize with the light and electron microscopes the receptor mRNAs and proteins. The results showed the wide heterogeneity of receptors and the diversity of mode of signal transmission, synaptic and extra-synaptic, again radically modifying the early views of neurotransmission. During the entire period the interplay between basic science and Psychopharmacology and Psychiatry generated different transmitter or receptor-based theories of brain drug action. These concepts and technologies also changed the way new drugs were discovered and developed. At the end of the period, a number of declines in these theories, the use of certain tools and the ability to generate new diagnostics and treatments, the end of an era and the beginning of a new one in the research of how the brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Mengod
- IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain
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Kohlie R, Perwitz N, Resch J, Schmid SM, Lehnert H, Klein J, Iwen KA. Dopamine directly increases mitochondrial mass and thermogenesis in brown adipocytes. J Mol Endocrinol 2017; 58:57-66. [PMID: 27923872 DOI: 10.1530/jme-16-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is key to energy homeostasis. By virtue of its thermogenic potential, it may dissipate excessive energy, regulate body weight and increase insulin sensitivity. Catecholamines are critically involved in the regulation of BAT thermogenesis, yet research has focussed on the effects of noradrenaline and adrenaline. Some evidence suggests a role of dopamine (DA) in BAT thermogenesis, but the cellular mechanisms involved have not been addressed. We employed our extensively characterised murine brown adipocyte cells. D1-like and D2-like receptors were detectable at the protein level. Stimulation with DA caused an increase in cAMP concentrations. Oxygen consumption rates (OCR), mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) levels increased after 24 h of treatment with either DA or a D1-like specific receptor agonist. A D1-like receptor antagonist abolished the DA-mediated effect on OCR, Δψm and UCP1. DA induced the release of fatty acids, which did not additionally alter DA-mediated increases of OCR. Mitochondrial mass (as determined by (i) CCCP- and oligomycin-mediated effects on OCR and (ii) immunoblot analysis of mitochondrial proteins) also increased within 24 h. This was accompanied by an increase in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha protein levels. Also, DA caused an increase in p38 MAPK phosphorylation and pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK abolished the DA-mediated effect on Δψm In summary, our study is the first to reveal direct D1-like receptor and p38 MAPK-mediated increases of thermogenesis and mitochondrial mass in brown adipocytes. These results expand our understanding of catecholaminergic effects on BAT thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Kohlie
- Universität zu LübeckUniversitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik I, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nina Perwitz
- Universität zu LübeckUniversitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik I, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julia Resch
- Universität zu LübeckUniversitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik I, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sebastian M Schmid
- Universität zu LübeckUniversitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik I, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hendrik Lehnert
- Universität zu LübeckUniversitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik I, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Johannes Klein
- Universität zu LübeckUniversitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik I, Lübeck, Germany
| | - K Alexander Iwen
- Universität zu LübeckUniversitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik I, Lübeck, Germany
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Association of Dopamine D2 Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Reproduction Traits in Domestic Pigeons ( Columba livia). J Poult Sci 2017; 54:13-17. [PMID: 32908403 PMCID: PMC7477188 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0160037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine inhibited prolactin secretion via dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) at the pituitary level, but its effects on reproduction in pigeons are unclear. In this study, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the exons of DRD2 gene were identified and analyzed by using DNA sequencing methods in 60 female domestic pigeons (Columba livia), and the association between DRD2 polymorphisms and reproduction traits was also analyzed. Sequencing results showed that 7 nucleotide mutations were detected in the exon 1, 4, and 6 regions of DRD2 gene. The analysis revealed three genotypes (AA, AB, and BB) in exon 4 and two genotypes (AA, AB) in exon 6, in which the AA genotype was consistently dominant, and the A allele showed a dominant advantage. The C4532T genotypes located in exon 6 of DRD2 gene were significantly (P<0.05) associated with reproductive traits of pigeon. Moreover, the individuals with AB genotype had significantly higher fertility rate and total hatching number within 500 days of age than those with AA genotype (P<0.05). These findings suggested that the DRD2 gene should be included in future genetic studies of pigeon reproduction and the SNP of C4532T might be a potential candidate genetic marker for Marker-aid breeding in pigeon.
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Wang M, Xie W, Li A, Xu S. Structural Basis and Mechanism of Chiral Benzedrine Molecules Interacting With Third Dopamine Receptor. Chirality 2016; 28:674-85. [PMID: 27581600 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the chiral benzedrine molecules corresponding to their different characteristics in biochemical systems, we studied their interaction with D3 R using the docking method, molecular dynamic simulation, and quantum chemistry. The obtained results indicate that the active residues for R-benzedrine (RAT) bound with D3 R are Ala132, Asp133, and Tyr55, while Asn57, Asp133, Asp168, Cys172, Gly54, Trp24, and Vall136 act as the active residues for S-benzedrine (SAT). The different active pockets are observed for ART or SAT because they possess different active residues. The binding energies between RAT and SAT with D3 R were determined to be -44.0 kJ.mol(-1) and -71.2 kJ.mol(-1) , respectively. These results demonstrate that SAT within the studied pocket of D3 R has a stronger capability of binding with D3 R, while it is more feasible for RAT to leave from the interior positions of D3 R. In addition, the results suggest that the D3 R protein can recognize chiral benzedrine molecules and influence their different addictive and pharmacological effects in biochemical systems. Chirality 28:674-685, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, College of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, College of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Aijing Li
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, College of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Sichuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, College of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
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Zheng M, Zhang X, Min C, Choi BG, Oh IJ, Kim KM. Functional Regulation of Dopamine D₃ Receptor through Interaction with PICK1. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:475-81. [PMID: 27169823 PMCID: PMC5012871 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PICK1, a PDZ domain-containing protein, is known to increase the reuptake activities of dopamine transporters by increasing their expressions on the cell surface. Here, we report a direct and functional interaction between PICK1 and dopamine D3 receptors (D3R), which act as autoreceptors to negatively regulate dopaminergic neurons. PICK1 colocalized with both dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and D3R in clusters but exerted different functional influences on them. The cell surface expression, agonist affinity, endocytosis, and signaling of D2R were unaffected by the coexpression of PICK1. On the other hand, the surface expression and tolerance of D3R were inhibited by the coexpression of PICK1. These findings show that PICK1 exerts multiple effects on D3R functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zheng
- Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Chengchun Min
- Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Gil Choi
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Joon Oh
- Physical Pharmacy Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Man Kim
- Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Xie W, Wang M, Li A, Xu SC. Molecular dynamics simulation of d-Benzedrine transmitting through molecular channels within D 3R. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:1672-1684. [PMID: 27191827 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1190947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dex-Benzedrine (known as d-Benzedrine or SAT) acts in dopamine receptors of central nerve cell system. In clinic, SAT is used to treat a variety of diseases; meanwhile, it has dependence and addiction. In order to investigate the pharmacology and addiction mechanisms of SAT as a medicine, in this paper, we have studied the structure of D3R complex protein with SAT, and based on which, using potential mean force with umbrella samplings and the simulated phospholipid bilayer membrane (or POPC bilayer membrane), the molecular dynamics simulation was performed to obtain free energy changes upon the trajectories for SAT moving along the molecular channels within D3R. The free energy change for SAT transmitting toward the outside of cell along the functional molecular channel within D3R is 83.5 kJ mol-1. The change of free energy for SAT to permeate into the POPC bilayer membrane along the protective molecular channel within D3R is 87.7 kJ mol-1. Our previous work gave that the free energy for Levo-Benzedrine (RAT) transmitting toward the outside of cell along the functional molecular channel within D3R is 91.4 kJ mol-1, while it is 117.7 kJ mol-1 for RAT to permeate into the POPC bilayer membrane along the protective molecular channel within D3R. The values of free energy suggest that SAT relatively prefers likely to pass through the functional molecular channel within D3R for increasing the release of dopamine molecules resulting in a variety of functional effects for SAT. The obtained results show that the pharmacology and addiction mechanisms of SAT as a drug are closely related to the molecular dynamics and mechanism for SAT transmitting along molecular channels within D3R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- a Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, College of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy Academy , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Ming Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, College of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy Academy , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Aijing Li
- a Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, College of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy Academy , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Si-Chuan Xu
- a Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, College of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy Academy , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
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Gurevich EV, Gainetdinov RR, Gurevich VV. G protein-coupled receptor kinases as regulators of dopamine receptor functions. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:1-16. [PMID: 27178731 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Actions of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain are mediated by dopamine receptors that belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Mammals have five dopamine receptor subtypes, D1 through D5. D1 and D5 couple to Gs/olf and activate adenylyl cyclase, whereas D2, D3, and D4 couple to Gi/o and inhibit it. Most GPCRs upon activation by an agonist are phosphorylated by GPCR kinases (GRKs). The GRK phosphorylation makes receptors high-affinity binding partners for arrestin proteins. Arrestin binding to active phosphorylated receptors stops further G protein activation and promotes receptor internalization, recycling or degradation, thereby regulating their signaling and trafficking. Four non- visual GRKs are expressed in striatal neurons. Here we describe known effects of individual GRKs on dopamine receptors in cell culture and in the two in vivo models of dopamine-mediated signaling: behavioral response to psychostimulants and L-DOPA- induced dyskinesia. Dyskinesia, associated with dopamine super-sensitivity of striatal neurons, is a debilitating side effect of L-DOPA therapy in Parkinson's disease. In vivo, GRK subtypes show greater receptor specificity than in vitro or in cultured cells. Overexpression, knockdown, and knockout of individual GRKs, particularly GRK2 and GRK6, have differential effects on signaling of dopamine receptor subtypes in the brain. Furthermore, deletion of GRK isoforms in select striatal neuronal types differentially affects psychostimulant-induced behaviors. In addition, anti-dyskinetic effect of GRK3 does not require its kinase activity: it is mediated by the binding of its RGS-like domain to Gαq/11, which suppresses Gq/11 signaling. The data demonstrate that the dopamine signaling in defined neuronal types in vivo is regulated by specific and finely orchestrated actions of GRK isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37221, USA.
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Moscow, Russia
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Micheli F, Bernardelli A, Bianchi F, Braggio S, Castelletti L, Cavallini P, Cavanni P, Cremonesi S, Cin MD, Feriani A, Oliosi B, Semeraro T, Tarsi L, Tomelleri S, Wong A, Visentini F, Zonzini L, Heidbreder C. 1,2,4-Triazolyl octahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrroles: A new series of potent and selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1619-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Gurevich EV, Gainetdinov RR, Gurevich VV. Regulation of Dopamine-Dependent Behaviors by G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases. METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3798-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Le Foll B. What does addiction medicine expect from neuroscience? From genes and neurons to treatment responses. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2016; 224:419-47. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Yamamoto K, Fontaine R, Pasqualini C, Vernier P. Classification of Dopamine Receptor Genes in Vertebrates: Nine Subtypes in Osteichthyes. BRAIN, BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION 2015; 86:164-75. [PMID: 26613258 DOI: 10.1159/000441550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine neurotransmission regulates various brain functions, and its regulatory roles are mediated by two families of G protein-coupled receptors: the D1 and D2 receptor families. In mammals, the D1 family comprises two receptor subtypes (D1 and D5), while the D2 family comprises three receptor subtypes (D2, D3 and D4). Phylogenetic analyses of dopamine receptor genes strongly suggest that the common ancestor of Osteichthyes (bony jawed vertebrates) possessed four subtypes in the D1 family and five subtypes in the D2 family. Mammals have secondarily lost almost half of the ancestral dopamine receptor genes, whereas nonmammalian species kept many of them. Although the mammalian situation is an exception among Osteichthyes, the current classification and characterization of dopamine receptors are based on mammalian features, which have led to confusion in the identification of dopamine receptor subtypes in nonmammalian species. Here we begin by reviewing the history of the discovery of dopamine receptors in vertebrates. The recent genome sequencing of coelacanth, gar and elephant shark led to the proposal of a refined scenario of evolution of dopamine receptor genes. We also discuss a current problem of nomenclature of dopamine receptors. Following the official nomenclature of mammalian dopamine receptors from D1 to D5, we propose to name newly identified receptor subtypes from D6 to D9 in order to facilitate the use of an identical name for orthologous genes among different species. To promote a nomenclature change which allows distinguishing the two dopamine receptor families, a nomenclature consortium is needed. This comparative perspective is crucial to correctly interpret data obtained in animal studies on dopamine-related brain disorders, and more fundamentally, to understand the characteristics of dopamine neurotransmission in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Yamamoto
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (UMR 9197), CNRS - Universitx00E9; Paris-Sud, Universitx00E9; Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Motor Skill Learning Is Associated with Phase-Dependent Modifications in the Striatal cAMP/PKA/DARPP-32 Signaling Pathway in Rodents. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140974. [PMID: 26488498 PMCID: PMC4619563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abundant evidence points to a key role of dopamine in motor skill learning, although the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here, we used a skilled-reaching paradigm to first examine changes in the expression of the plasticity-related gene Arc to map activity in cortico-striatal circuitry during different phases of motor skill learning in young animals. In the early phase, Arc mRNA was significantly induced in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), cingulate cortex, primary motor cortex, and striatum. In the late phase, expression of Arc did not change in most regions, except in the mPFC and dorsal striatum. In the second series of experiments, we studied the learning-induced changes in the phosphorylation state of dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, 32k Da (DARPP-32). Western blot analysis of the phosphorylation state of DARPP-32 and its downstream target cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in the striatum revealed that the early, but not late, phase of motor skill learning was associated with increased levels of phospho-Thr34-DARPP-32 and phospho-Ser133-CREB. Finally, we used the DARPP-32 knock-in mice with a point mutation in the Thr34 regulatory site (i.e., protein kinase A site) to test the significance of this pathway in motor skill learning. In accordance with our hypothesis, inhibition of DARPP-32 activity at the Thr34 regulatory site strongly attenuated the motor learning rate and skilled reaching performance of mice. These findings suggest that the cAMP/PKA/DARPP-32 signaling pathway is critically involved in the acquisition of novel motor skills, and also demonstrate a dynamic shift in the contribution of cortico-striatal circuitry during different phases of motor skill learning.
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Blum K, Thompson B, Demotrovics Z, Femino J, Giordano J, Oscar-Berman M, Teitelbaum S, Smith DE, Roy AK, Agan G, Fratantonio J, Badgaiyan RD, Gold MS. The Molecular Neurobiology of Twelve Steps Program & Fellowship: Connecting the Dots for Recovery. JOURNAL OF REWARD DEFICIENCY SYNDROME 2015; 1:46-64. [PMID: 26306329 PMCID: PMC4545669 DOI: 10.17756/jrds.2015-008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There are some who suggest that alcoholism and drug abuse are not diseases at all and that they are not consequences of a brain disorder as espoused recently by the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM). Some would argue that addicts can quit on their own and moderate their alcohol and drug intake. When they present to a treatment program or enter the 12 Step Program & Fellowship, many addicts finally achieve complete abstinence. However, when controlled drinking fails, there may be successful alternatives that fit particular groups of individuals. In this expert opinion, we attempt to identify personal differences in recovery, by clarifying the molecular neurobiological basis of each step of the 12 Step Program. We explore the impact that the molecular neurobiological basis of the 12 steps can have on Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) despite addiction risk gene polymorphisms. This exploration has already been accomplished in part by Blum and others in a 2013 Springer Neuroscience Brief. The purpose of this expert opinion is to briefly, outline the molecular neurobiological and genetic links, especially as they relate to the role of epigenetic changes that are possible in individuals who regularly attend AA meetings. It begs the question as to whether "12 steps programs and fellowship" does induce neuroplasticity and continued dopamine D2 receptor proliferation despite carrying hypodopaminergic type polymorphisms such as DRD2 A1 allele. "Like-minded" doctors of ASAM are cognizant that patients in treatment without the "psycho-social-spiritual trio," may not be obtaining the important benefits afforded by adopting 12-step doctrines. Are we better off with coupling medical assisted treatment (MAT) that favors combining dopamine agonist modalities (DAM) as possible histone-deacetylase activators with the 12 steps followed by a program that embraces either one or the other? While there are many unanswered questions, at least we have reached a time when "science meets recovery," and in doing so, can further redeem joy in recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Blum
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Malibu Beach Recovery Center, Malibu Beach, CA, USA
- Dominion Diagnostics, Inc., North Kingstown, RI, USA
- IGENE, LLC., Austin, TX, USA
- RDSolutions, Del Mar, CA, USA
- National Institute for Holistic Medicine, North Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Boston University School of Medicine, and Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zsolt Demotrovics
- Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Psychology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - John Femino
- Dominion Diagnostics, Inc., North Kingstown, RI, USA
- Meadows Edge Recovery Center, North Kingstown, RI, USA
| | - John Giordano
- National Institute for Holistic Medicine, North Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Marlene Oscar-Berman
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, and Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott Teitelbaum
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David E. Smith
- Dominion Diagnostics, Inc., North Kingstown, RI, USA
- Institute of Health & Aging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Gozde Agan
- Dominion Diagnostics, Inc., North Kingstown, RI, USA
| | | | - Rajendra D. Badgaiyan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota College of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mark S. Gold
- Director of Research, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Educational Foundation, Washington, D.C, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences at the Keck, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, CA, USA
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Goutier W, O'Connor JJ, Lowry JP, McCreary AC. The effect of nicotine induced behavioral sensitization on dopamine D1 receptor pharmacology: An in vivo and ex vivo study in the rat. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:933-43. [PMID: 25795518 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral sensitization is a phenomenon which can develop following repeated intermittent administration of a range of psychostimulants, and other compounds, and may model neuroplastic changes seen in addictive processes and neuropsychiatric disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) ligands on nicotine-induced behavioral sensitization and their molecular consequences in the striatum. Wistar rats were chronically treated (5 days) with vehicle or nicotine (0.4 mg/kg; s.c.) and locomotor activity was measured. Following a 5 day withdrawal period, rats were pretreated with vehicle or the D1R antagonist SCH-23390 (0.03 mg/kg; i.p.) and challenged with nicotine. Either 45 min or 24h post-challenge, the striatum was isolated and ex vivo receptor binding and cAMP accumulation (using LC-MS/MS) were assessed. It was shown that chronic nicotine administration induced the development and expression of locomotor sensitization, of which the latter was blocked by SCH-23390. Nicotine-induced sensitization had no effect on forskolin stimulated cAMP accumulation but increased the efficacy of dopamine for the D1R and decreased the potency of D1R agonists. These effects were antagonized by in vivo pre-challenge with SCH-23390. No effect on D1 receptor binding was observed. Moreover, time dependent effects were observed between tissue taken 45 min and 24h post-challenge. The present findings provide a connection between behavioral sensitization and intracellular cAMP accumulation through the D1R. Together these data suggest that changes in D1R signaling in the dorsal striatum may play an important role in the underlying mechanisms of nicotine-induced behavioral sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Goutier
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C.J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands; Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - J J O'Connor
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - J P Lowry
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - A C McCreary
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C.J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands.
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Avila-Luna A, Prieto-Leyva J, Gálvez-Rosas A, Alfaro-Rodriguez A, Gonzalez-Pina R, Bueno-Nava A. D1 Antagonists and D2 Agonists Have Opposite Effects on the Metabolism of Dopamine in the Rat Striatum. Neurochem Res 2015; 40:1431-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1611-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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