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Wu HH, Leng S, Sergi C, Leng R. How MicroRNAs Command the Battle against Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5865. [PMID: 38892054 PMCID: PMC11172831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate more than 30% of genes in humans. Recent studies have revealed that miRNAs play a crucial role in tumorigenesis. Large sets of miRNAs in human tumors are under-expressed compared to normal tissues. Furthermore, experiments have shown that interference with miRNA processing enhances tumorigenesis. Multiple studies have documented the causal role of miRNAs in cancer, and miRNA-based anticancer therapies are currently being developed. This review primarily focuses on two key points: (1) miRNAs and their role in human cancer and (2) the regulation of tumor suppressors by miRNAs. The review discusses (a) the regulation of the tumor suppressor p53 by miRNA, (b) the critical role of the miR-144/451 cluster in regulating the Itch-p63-Ago2 pathway, and (c) the regulation of PTEN by miRNAs. Future research and the perspectives of miRNA in cancer are also discussed. Understanding these pathways will open avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting miRNA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Helena Wu
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada;
| | - Sarah Leng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4. 09), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada (C.S.)
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4. 09), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada (C.S.)
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), University of Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Roger Leng
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada;
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2
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Li D, Kok CYL, Wang C, Ray D, Osterburg S, Dötsch V, Ghosh S, Sabapathy K. Dichotomous transactivation domains contribute to growth inhibitory and promotion functions of TAp73. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318591121. [PMID: 38739802 PMCID: PMC11127001 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318591121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor p73, a member of the p53 tumor-suppressor family, regulates cell death and also supports tumorigenesis, although the mechanistic basis for the dichotomous functions is poorly understood. We report here the identification of an alternate transactivation domain (TAD) located at the extreme carboxyl (C) terminus of TAp73β, a commonly expressed p73 isoform. Mutational disruption of this TAD significantly reduced TAp73β's transactivation activity, to a level observed when the amino (N)-TAD that is similar to p53's TAD, is mutated. Mutation of both TADs almost completely abolished TAp73β's transactivation activity. Expression profiling highlighted a unique set of targets involved in extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and focal adhesion regulated by the C-TAD, resulting in FAK phosphorylation, distinct from the N-TAD targets that are common to p53 and are involved in growth inhibition. Interestingly, the C-TAD targets are also regulated by the oncogenic, amino-terminal-deficient DNp73β isoform. Consistently, mutation of C-TAD reduces cellular migration and proliferation. Mechanistically, selective binding of TAp73β to DNAJA1 is required for the transactivation of C-TAD target genes, and silencing DNAJA1 expression abrogated all C-TAD-mediated effects. Taken together, our results provide a mechanistic basis for the dichotomous functions of TAp73 in the regulation of cellular growth through its distinct TADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore168583, Singapore
| | - Catherine Yen Li Kok
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore168583, Singapore
| | - Chao Wang
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore168583, Singapore
| | - Debleena Ray
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore169857, Singapore
| | - Susanne Osterburg
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance and Cluster of Excellence Macromolecular Complexes (CEF), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main60438, Germany
| | - Volker Dötsch
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance and Cluster of Excellence Macromolecular Complexes (CEF), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main60438, Germany
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Centre for Computational Biology & Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore169857, Singapore
| | - Kanaga Sabapathy
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore168583, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore637551, Singapore
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3
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Ragnoli B, Fusco F, Pignatti P, Cena T, Valente G, Malerba M. Bronchial Progenitor Cells in Obstructive and Neoplastic Lung Disease: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:609. [PMID: 38276115 PMCID: PMC10816161 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The alteration of progenitor/stem cells present in the airway epithelium has been observed in patients with COPD. Smoking exposure induces remodeling patterns in bronchial progenitor cells (BPCs), encompassing squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia of basal and of mucus-secreting cells, and the depletion of ciliated and non-mucous secretory cells. Our aim was to assess the expression of p63 and vimentin as potential markers of airway remodeling and the regulation of stem cell populations in obstructive and neoplastic lung disease patients. A retrospective single-center observational study was conducted, including patients undergoing bronchoscopy with bronchial biopsies for suspected lung cancer. p63 and vimentin expression were evaluated via immunohistochemical analysis. There were 25 patients, of which 21 with COPD were included, and 17 were diagnosed with lung cancer. We observed that FEV1% was negatively correlated with p63+ basal cell number (r = -0.614, p = 0.019) and positively correlated with vimentin expression (r = 0.670; p = 0.008). p63 was significantly higher in biopsies from the trachea and main bronchi compared to more distal areas (p = 0.040), whereas vimentin was prevalent in the more distal areas (p = 0.042). Our preliminary data suggest the initial evidence of structural changes in BPCs among patients with COPD and lung cancer. Further research efforts are warranted to investigate additional morphologic and functional respiratory parameters in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica Fusco
- Laboratory of Pathology, Az. Ospedaliera Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Pignatti
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Cena
- Epidemiological Observatory Service, ASL VC, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
| | - Guido Valente
- Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Traslational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Mario Malerba
- Respiratory Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
- Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Traslational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy;
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4
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Ramal M, Corral S, Kalisz M, Lapi E, Real FX. The urothelial gene regulatory network: understanding biology to improve bladder cancer management. Oncogene 2024; 43:1-21. [PMID: 37996699 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02876-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The urothelium is a stratified epithelium composed of basal cells, one or more layers of intermediate cells, and an upper layer of differentiated umbrella cells. Most bladder cancers (BLCA) are urothelial carcinomas. Loss of urothelial lineage fidelity results in altered differentiation, highlighted by the taxonomic classification into basal and luminal tumors. There is a need to better understand the urothelial transcriptional networks. To systematically identify transcription factors (TFs) relevant for urothelial identity, we defined highly expressed TFs in normal human bladder using RNA-Seq data and inferred their genomic binding using ATAC-Seq data. To focus on epithelial TFs, we analyzed RNA-Seq data from patient-derived organoids recapitulating features of basal/luminal tumors. We classified TFs as "luminal-enriched", "basal-enriched" or "common" according to expression in organoids. We validated our classification by differential gene expression analysis in Luminal Papillary vs. Basal/Squamous tumors. Genomic analyses revealed well-known TFs associated with luminal (e.g., PPARG, GATA3, FOXA1) and basal (e.g., TP63, TFAP2) phenotypes and novel candidates to play a role in urothelial differentiation or BLCA (e.g., MECOM, TBX3). We also identified TF families (e.g., KLFs, AP1, circadian clock, sex hormone receptors) for which there is suggestive evidence of their involvement in urothelial differentiation and/or BLCA. Genomic alterations in these TFs are associated with BLCA. We uncover a TF network involved in urothelial cell identity and BLCA. We identify novel candidate TFs involved in differentiation and cancer that provide opportunities for a better understanding of the underlying biology and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ramal
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Corral
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Kalisz
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eleonora Lapi
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco X Real
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Li Q, Liu H, Jin Y, Yu Y, Wang Y, Wu D, Guo Y, Xi L, Ye D, Pan Y, Zhang X, Li J. Analysis of a new therapeutic target and construction of a prognostic model for breast cancer based on ferroptosis genes. Comput Biol Med 2023; 165:107370. [PMID: 37643511 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer, which is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide and an important cause of death in women. The existing prognostic model for patients with breast cancer is not accurate as breast cancer is resistant to commonly used antitumor drugs. Ferroptosis is a novel mechanism of programmed cell death that depends on iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Various studies have confirmed the role of ferroptosis in tumor regulation and ferroptosis is now considered to play an important role in breast cancer development. At present, the association between breast cancer prognosis and ferroptosis-related gene expression remains unclear. Further exploration of this research area may optimize the evaluation and prediction of prognosis of patients with breast cancer and finding of new therapeutic targets. In this study, clinical factors and the expression of multiple genes were evaluated in breast cancer samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database database. Eleven prognostication-related genes (TP63, IFNG, MT3, ANO6, FLT3, PTGS2, SLC1A4, JUN, SLC7A5, CHAC1, and TF) were identified from differentially expressed genes to construct a survival prediction model, which showed a good prediction ability. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that immune-related pathways were the primary pathways. ssGSEA analysis showed significant differences in the distribution of certain immune-related cell subsets, such as CD8+T cells and B cells, and in the expression of multiple immune genes, including type II IFN response and APC coinhibition. In addition, 10 immune targets related to ferroptosis in breast cancer were found: CD276, CD80, HHLA2, LILRA2, NCR3LG1, NECTIN3, PVR, SLAMF9,TNFSF4, and BTN1A1. Using TCGA, new ferroptosis genes related to breast cancer prognosis were identified, a new reliable and accurate prognosis model was developed, and 10 new potential therapeutic targets different from the traditional targeted drugs were identified to provide a reference for improving the poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hengchen Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yun Jin
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yuanquan Yu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yihang Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yinghao Guo
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Longfu Xi
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dan Ye
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yanzhi Pan
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jiangtao Li
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
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Hur SK, Somerville TD, Wu XS, Maia-Silva D, Demerdash OE, Tuveson DA, Notta F, Vakoc CR. p73 activates transcriptional signatures of basal lineage identity and ciliogenesis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.20.537667. [PMID: 37131797 PMCID: PMC10153254 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.20.537667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
During the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), tumor cells are known to acquire transcriptional and morphological properties of the basal (also known as squamous) epithelial lineage, which leads to more aggressive disease characteristics. Here, we show that a subset of basal-like PDAC tumors aberrantly express p73 (TA isoform), which is a known transcriptional activator of basal lineage identity, ciliogenesis, and tumor suppression in normal tissue development. Using gain- and loss- of function experiments, we show that p73 is necessary and sufficient to activate genes related to basal identity (e.g. KRT5), ciliogenesis (e.g. FOXJ1), and p53-like tumor suppression (e.g. CDKN1A) in human PDAC models. Owing to the paradoxical combination of oncogenic and tumor suppressive outputs of this transcription factor, we propose that PDAC cells express a low level of p73 that is optimal for promoting lineage plasticity without severe impairment of cell proliferation. Collectively, our study reinforces how PDAC cells exploit master regulators of the basal epithelial lineage during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella K. Hur
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, U.S.A
| | | | - Xiaoli S. Wu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, U.S.A
| | - Diogo Maia-Silva
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, U.S.A
| | | | - David A. Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, U.S.A
| | - Faiyaz Notta
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Montero-Calle A, Garranzo-Asensio M, Torrente-Rodríguez RM, Ruiz-Valdepeñas Montiel V, Poves C, Dziaková J, Sanz R, Díaz del Arco C, Pingarrón JM, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Campuzano S, Barderas R. p53 and p63 Proteoforms Derived from Alternative Splicing Possess Differential Seroreactivity in Colorectal Cancer with Distinct Diagnostic Ability from the Canonical Proteins. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072102. [PMID: 37046764 PMCID: PMC10092954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The detection in plasma samples of autoantibodies against specific tumor-associated antigens has been demonstrated to be useful for the early diagnosis of CRC by liquid biopsy. However, new studies related to the humoral immune response in cancer are needed to enable blood-based diagnosis of the disease. Here, our aim was to characterize the humoral immune response associated with the different p53 and p63 proteoforms derived from alternative splicing and previously described as aberrantly expressed in CRC. Thus, here we investigated the diagnostic ability of the twelve p53 proteoforms and the eight p63 proteoforms described to date, and their specific N-terminal and C-terminal end peptides, by means of luminescence HaloTag beads immunoassays. Full-length proteoforms or specific peptides were cloned as HaloTag fusion proteins and their seroreactivity analyzed using plasma from CRC patients at stages I-IV (n = 31), individuals with premalignant lesions (n = 31), and healthy individuals (n = 48). p53γ, Δ40p53β, Δ40p53γ, Δ133p53γ, Δ160p53γ, TAp63α, TAp63δ, ΔNp63α, and ΔNp63δ, together with the specific C-terminal end α and δ p63 peptides, were found to be more seroreactive against plasma from CRC patients and/or individuals with premalignant lesions than from healthy individuals. In addition, ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves revealed a high diagnostic ability of those p53 and p63 proteoforms to detect CRC and premalignant individuals (AUC higher than 85%). Finally, electrochemical biosensing platforms were employed in POC-like devices to investigate their usefulness for CRC detection using selected p53 and p63 proteoforms. Our results demonstrate not only the potential of these biosensors for the simultaneous analysis of proteoforms’ seroreactivity, but also their convenience and versatility for the clinical detection of CRC by liquid biopsy. In conclusion, we here show that p53 and p63 proteoforms possess differential seroreactivity in CRC patients in comparison to controls, distinctive from canonical proteins, which should improve the diagnostic panels for obtaining a blood-based biomarker signature for CRC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Montero-Calle
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - María Garranzo-Asensio
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Rebeca M. Torrente-Rodríguez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28014 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.T.-R.); (V.R.-V.M.); (J.M.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Víctor Ruiz-Valdepeñas Montiel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28014 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.T.-R.); (V.R.-V.M.); (J.M.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Carmen Poves
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jana Dziaková
- Surgical Digestive Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Sanz
- Surgical Digestive Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Díaz del Arco
- Surgical Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain (M.J.F.-A.)
| | - José Manuel Pingarrón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28014 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.T.-R.); (V.R.-V.M.); (J.M.P.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Susana Campuzano
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28014 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.T.-R.); (V.R.-V.M.); (J.M.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (M.G.-A.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Yang Y, Zhang Y, Yang J, Zhang M, Tian T, Jiang Y, Liu X, Xue G, Li X, Zhang X, Li S, Huang X, Li Z, Guo Y, Zhao L, Bao H, Zhou Z, Song J, Yang G, Xuan L, Shan H, Zhang Z, Lu Y, Yang B, Pan Z. Interdependent Nuclear Co-Trafficking of ASPP1 and p53 Aggravates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Circ Res 2023; 132:208-222. [PMID: 36656967 PMCID: PMC9855749 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ASPP1 (apoptosis stimulating of p53 protein 1) is critical in regulating cell apoptosis as a cofactor of p53 to promote its transcriptional activity in the nucleus. However, whether cytoplasmic ASPP1 affects p53 nuclear trafficking and its role in cardiac diseases remains unknown. This study aims to explore the mechanism by which ASPP1 modulates p53 nuclear trafficking and the subsequent contribution to cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS AND RESULTS The immunofluorescent staining showed that under normal condition ASPP1 and p53 colocalized in the cytoplasm of neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes, while they were both upregulated and translocated to the nuclei upon hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment. The nuclear translocation of ASPP1 and p53 was interdependent, as knockdown of either ASPP1 or p53 attenuated nuclear translocation of the other one. Inhibition of importin-β1 resulted in the cytoplasmic sequestration of both p53 and ASPP1 in neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes with hypoxia/reoxygenation stimulation. Overexpression of ASPP1 potentiated, whereas knockdown of ASPP1 inhibited the expression of Bax (Bcl2-associated X), PUMA (p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis), and Noxa, direct apoptosis-associated targets of p53. ASPP1 was also increased in the I/R myocardium. Cardiomyocyte-specific transgenic overexpression of ASPP1 aggravated I/R injury as indicated by increased infarct size and impaired cardiac function. Conversely, knockout of ASPP1 mitigated cardiac I/R injury. The same qualitative data were observed in neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Furthermore, inhibition of p53 significantly blunted the proapoptotic activity and detrimental effects of ASPP1 both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Binding of ASPP1 to p53 triggers their nuclear cotranslocation via importin-β1 that eventually exacerbates cardiac I/R injury. The findings imply that interfering the expression of ASPP1 or the interaction between ASPP1 and p53 to block their nuclear trafficking represents an important therapeutic strategy for cardiac I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.).,Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, China (Y.Y.)
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Jiqin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Manman Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Tao Tian
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.).,Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Y.J.)
| | - Xuening Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Genlong Xue
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Xingda Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Shangxuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Lexin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Hairong Bao
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Zhiwen Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Jiahui Song
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Guohui Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Lina Xuan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Hongli Shan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.).,Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China (H.S.)
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China (Z. Zhang, Z.P.)
| | - Yanjie Lu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.)
| | - Zhenwei Pan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (Y.Y., Y.Z., J.Y., M.Z., T.T., Y.J., X.L., G.X., X.L., X.Z., S.L., X.H., Z.L., Y.G., L.Z., H.B., Z. Zhou, J.S., G.Y., L.X., H.S., Y.L., B.Y., Z.P.).,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019 Research Unit 070, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (Z.P.).,NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China (Z. Zhang, Z.P.)
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9
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Ozdemir ES, Gomes MM, Fischer JM. Computational Modeling of TP63-TP53 Interaction and Rational Design of Inhibitors: Implications for Therapeutics. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1846-1856. [PMID: 36190964 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tumor protein p63 (TP63) is a member of the TP53 protein family that are important for development and in tumor suppression. Unlike TP53, TP63 is rarely mutated in cancer, but instead different TP63 isoforms regulate its activity. TA isoforms (TAp63) act as tumor suppressors, whereas ΔN isoforms are strong drivers of squamous or squamous-like cancers. Many of these tumors become addicted to ΔN isoforms and removal of ΔN isoforms result in cancer cell death. Furthermore, some TP53 conformational mutants (TP53CM) gain the ability to interact with TAp63 isoforms and inhibit their antitumorigenic function, while indirectly promoting tumorigenic function of ΔN isoforms, but the exact mechanism of TP63-TP53CM interaction is unclear. The changes in the balance of TP63 isoform activity are crucial to understanding the transition between normal and tumor cells. Here, we modeled TP63-TP53CM complex using computational approaches. We then used our models to design peptides to disrupt the TP63-TP53CM interaction and restore antitumorigenic TAp63 function. In addition, we studied ΔN isoform oligomerization and designed peptides to inhibit its oligomerization and reduce their tumorigenic activity. We show that some of our peptides promoted cell death in a TP63 highly expressed cancer cell line, but not in a TP63 lowly expressed cancer cell line. Furthermore, we performed kinetic-binding assays to validate binding of our peptides to their targets. Our computational and experimental analyses present a detailed model for the TP63-TP53CM interaction and provide a framework for potential therapeutic peptides for the elimination of TP53CM cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sila Ozdemir
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Michelle M Gomes
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jared M Fischer
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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10
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Rodriguez Calleja L, Lavaud M, Tesfaye R, Brounais-Le-Royer B, Baud’huin M, Georges S, Lamoureux F, Verrecchia F, Ory B. The p53 Family Members p63 and p73 Roles in the Metastatic Dissemination: Interactions with microRNAs and TGFβ Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235948. [PMID: 36497429 PMCID: PMC9741383 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 (TP53), p73 (TP73), and p63 (TP63) are members of the p53 transcription factor family, which has many activities spanning from embryonic development through to tumor suppression. The utilization of two promoters and alternative mRNA splicing has been shown to yield numerous isoforms in p53, p63, and p73. TAp73 is thought to mediate apoptosis as a result of nuclear accumulation following chemotherapy-induced DNA damage, according to a number of studies. Overexpression of the nuclear ΔNp63 and ΔNp73 isoforms, on the other hand, suppresses TAp73's pro-apoptotic activity in human malignancies, potentially leading to metastatic spread or inhibition. Another well-known pathway that has been associated to metastatic spread is the TGF pathway. TGFs are a family of structurally related polypeptide growth factors that regulate a variety of cellular functions including cell proliferation, lineage determination, differentiation, motility, adhesion, and cell death, making them significant players in development, homeostasis, and wound repair. Various studies have already identified several interactions between the p53 protein family and the TGFb pathway in the context of tumor growth and metastatic spread, beginning to shed light on this enigmatic intricacy.
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11
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Logotheti S, Pavlopoulou A, Marquardt S, Takan I, Georgakilas AG, Stiewe T. p73 isoforms meet evolution of metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:853-869. [PMID: 35948758 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancer largely adheres to Darwinian selection. Evolutionary forces are prominent during metastasis, the final and incurable disease stage, where cells acquire combinations of advantageous phenotypic features and interact with a dynamically changing microenvironment, in order to overcome the metastatic bottlenecks, while therapy exerts additional selective pressures. As a strategy to increase their fitness, tumors often co-opt developmental and tissue-homeostasis programs. Herein, 25 years after its discovery, we review TP73, a sibling of the cardinal tumor-suppressor TP53, through the lens of cancer evolution. The TP73 gene regulates a wide range of processes in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis and cancer via an overwhelming number of functionally divergent isoforms. We suggest that TP73 neither merely mimics TP53 via its p53-like tumor-suppressive functions, nor has black-or-white-type effects, as inferred by the antagonism between several of its isoforms in processes like apoptosis and DNA damage response. Rather, under dynamic conditions of selective pressure, the various p73 isoforms which are often co-expressed within the same cancer cells may work towards a common goal by simultaneously activating isoform-specific transcriptional and non-transcriptional programs. Combinatorial co-option of these programs offers selective advantages that overall increase the likelihood for successfully surpassing the barriers of the metastatic cascade. The p73 functional pleiotropy-based capabilities might be present in subclonal populations and expressed dynamically under changing microenvironmental conditions, thereby supporting clonal expansion and propelling evolution of metastasis. Deciphering the critical p73 isoform patterns along the spatiotemporal axes of tumor evolution could identify strategies to target TP73 for prevention and therapy of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Logotheti
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 15780, Zografou, Greece.
| | - Athanasia Pavlopoulou
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), 35340, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Stephan Marquardt
- Institute of Translational Medicine for Health Care Systems, Medical School Berlin, Hochschule Für Gesundheit Und Medizin, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Işıl Takan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), 35340, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 15780, Zografou, Greece
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.,Institute of Lung Health, Giessen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
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12
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Bamberger C, Pankow S, Yates JR. Nvp63 and nvPIWIL1 Suppress Retrotransposon Activation in the Sea Anemone Nematostella vectensis. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2586-2595. [PMID: 36195974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factors p63 and p73 have high similarity to the tumor suppressor protein p53. While the importance of p53 in DNA damage control is established, the functions of p63 or p73 remain elusive. Here, we analyzed nvp63, the cnidarian homologue of p63, that is expressed in the mesenteries of the starlet sea anemone Nematostella vectensis and that is activated in response to DNA damage. We used ultraviolet light (UV) to induce DNA damage and determined the chromatin-bound proteome with quantitative, bottom-up proteomics. We found that genotoxic stress or nvp63 knockdown recruited the protein nvPIWIL1, a homologue of the piRNA-binding PIWI protein family. Knockdown nvPIWIL1 increased protein expression from open reading frames (ORFs) that overlap with class I and II transposable element DNA sequences in the genome of N. vectensis. UV irradiation induced apoptosis, and apoptosis was reduced in the absence of nvp63 but increased with the loss of nvPIWIL1. Loss of nvp63 increased the presence of class I LTR and non-LTR retrotransposon but not of class II DNA transposon-associated protein products. These results suggest that an evolutionary early function of nvp63 might be to control genome stability in response to activation of transposable elements, which induce DNA damage during reintegration in the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casimir Bamberger
- Department for Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 9203 United States
| | - Sandra Pankow
- Department for Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 9203 United States
| | - John R Yates
- Department for Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 9203 United States
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13
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Requirement for TP73 and genetic alterations originating from its intragenic super-enhancer in adult T-cell leukemia. Leukemia 2022; 36:2293-2305. [PMID: 35908104 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01655-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a genetically complex hematological malignancy derived from mature T cells. Using an integrative approach, we previously identified genes recurrently associated with super-enhancers in ATL. One of those genes was TP73, a TP53 family gene; however, the roles and function of TP73 and its super-enhancer in ATL pathogenesis are poorly understood. Our study demonstrates that TP73 is highly activated under the control of a super-enhancer in ATL cells but not in normal T cells or other hematological malignancies examined. Full-length TP73 is required for ATL cell maintenance in vitro and in vivo via the regulation of cell proliferation and DNA damage response pathways. Notably, recurrent deletions of TP73 exons 2-3 were observed in a fraction of primary ATL cases that harbored the super-enhancer, while induction of this deletion in cell lines further increased proliferation and mutational burden. Our study suggests that formation of the TP73 intragenic super-enhancer and genetic deletion are likely sequentially acquired in relation to intracellular state of ATL cells, which leads to functional alteration of TP73 that confers additional clonal advantage.
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14
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Novelli F, Ganini C, Melino G, Nucci C, Han Y, Shi Y, Wang Y, Candi E. p63 in corneal and epidermal differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 610:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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15
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Daks A, Fedorova O, Parfenyev S, Nevzorov I, Shuvalov O, Barlev NA. The Role of E3 Ligase Pirh2 in Disease. Cells 2022; 11:1515. [PMID: 35563824 PMCID: PMC9101203 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The p53-dependent ubiquitin ligase Pirh2 regulates a number of proteins involved in different cancer-associated processes. Targeting the p53 family proteins, Chk2, p27Kip1, Twist1 and others, Pirh2 participates in such cellular processes as proliferation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and cellular migration. Thus, it is not surprising that Pirh2 takes part in the initiation and progression of different diseases and pathologies including but not limited to cancer. In this review, we aimed to summarize the available data on Pirh2 regulation, its protein targets and its role in various diseases and pathological processes, thus making the Pirh2 protein a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.F.); (S.P.); (I.N.); (O.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nickolai A. Barlev
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.F.); (S.P.); (I.N.); (O.S.)
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16
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Wang B, Wu HH, Abuetabh Y, Leng S, Davidge ST, Flores ER, Eisenstat DD, Leng R. p63, a key regulator of Ago2, links to the microRNA-144 cluster. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:397. [PMID: 35459267 PMCID: PMC9033807 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract As a key component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), Argonaute2 (Ago2) exhibits a dual function regulatory role in tumor progression. However, the mechanistic basis of differential regulation remains elusive. p63 is a homolog of the tumor suppressor p53. p63 isoforms play a critical role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Herein, we show that p63 isoforms physically interact with and stabilize Ago2. Expression of p63 isoforms increases the levels of Ago2 protein, while depletion of p63 isoforms by shRNA decreases Ago2 protein levels. p63 strongly guides Ago2 dual functions in vitro and in vivo. Ectopic expression of the miR-144/451 cluster increases p63 protein levels; TAp63 transactivates the miR-144/451 cluster, forming a positive feedback loop. Notably, miR-144 activates p63 by directly targeting Itch, an E3 ligase of p63. Ectopic expression of miR-144 induces apoptosis in H1299 cells. miR-144 enhances TAp63 tumor suppressor function and inhibits cell invasion. Our findings uncover a novel function of p63 linking the miRNA-144 cluster and the Ago2 pathway. Facts and questions Identification of Ago2 as a p63 target. Ago2 exhibits a dual function regulatory role in tumor progression; however, the molecular mechanism of Ago2 regulation remains unknown. p63 strongly guides Ago2 dual functions in vitro and in vivo. Unraveling a novel function of p63 links the miRNA-144 cluster and the Ago2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benfan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - H Helena Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Yasser Abuetabh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Sarah Leng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Sandra T Davidge
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology & Physiology, 232 Heritage Medical Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Elsa R Flores
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - David D Eisenstat
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Ave., University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1Z2, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, 11405 - 87 Ave., Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Roger Leng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.
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17
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Burgess E, Livasy C, Trufan S, Zhu J, O'connor H, Hartman A, Clark P, Grigg C, Raghavan D. Clinical outcomes associated with expression of aurora kinase and p53 family members in muscle‑invasive bladder cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:102. [PMID: 35463214 PMCID: PMC9022081 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are needed in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We previously reported that high tumor aurora kinase (AURK) A expression identifies patients with MIBC with poor prognosis. Aberrant p53 expression has also been associated with poor outcomes in MIBC, though to the best of our knowledge, co-expression rates of p53 and aurora kinases have not been previously described in MIBC. As aurora kinase and p53 family members may co-regulate each other, the present study investigated whether tumor p53 or p63 protein expression influenced the prognostic value of AURKA in a pilot study of 50 patients with MIBC treated with curative intent. Immunohistochemistry for AURKA, AURKB, p53 and p63 were performed on archival pre-treatment tumor specimens and correlated with clinical outcomes in patients with MIBC who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to cystectomy. Baseline p53 [hazard ratio (HR) 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.55-3.9; P=0.448) and p63 (HR 2.02; 95% CI=0.51-8.1; P=0.313) protein expression did not predict for overall survival (OS). Low p53 protein expression did not correlate with high AURKA (φ=0.190) or AURKB (φ=0.075) expression. However, in tumors with low p53 expression (n=17), the presence of either high AURKA or AURKB expression levels predicted an increased risk for relapse (HR 27.1; 95% CI=2.7-270.1; P=0.005) and mortality (HR 14.9; 95% CI=2.3-95.6; P=0.004) compared to tumors with both low AURKA and AURKB levels. The relationship between p63 and AURKA/B expression levels was not tested due to the prevalence (80%) of high p63 expression in the present cohort. In tumors with low AURKA expression, p53 status did not predict for OS (HR 0.62; 95% CI 0.2-3.2; P=0.572). In multivariable analysis, only high baseline AURKA expression predicted for inferior OS (HR 4.9; 95% CI 1.7-14.1; P=0.003). To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to report co-expression of p53 and aurora kinase family members in MIBC, and although wild-type p53 may regulate the aurora kinases in preclinical models, the adverse prognostic value of tumor AURKA overexpression was independent from baseline tumor p53 protein expression in the present cohort. AURKA remains an important prognostic biomarker in patients with MIBC and warrants further evaluation in prospective studies to validate whether baseline AURKA can identify patients that are unlikely to benefit from standard of care with NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earle Burgess
- Department of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | - Chad Livasy
- Carolinas Pathology Group, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| | - Sally Trufan
- Department of Cancer Biostatistics, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | - Jason Zhu
- Department of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | - Hazel O'connor
- Department of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | | | - Peter Clark
- Department of Urology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | - Claud Grigg
- Department of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | - Derek Raghavan
- Department of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
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18
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Wu HH, Abou Zeinab R, Leng RP. Regulation of p73 by Pirh2-AIP4 loop. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20858-20859. [PMID: 34520394 PMCID: PMC8457594 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Helena Wu
- Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Rami Abou Zeinab
- Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Roger P Leng
- Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
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19
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Kuchur OA, Kuzmina DO, Dukhinova MS, Shtil AA. The p53 Protein Family in the Response of Tumor Cells to Ionizing Radiation: Problem Development. Acta Naturae 2021; 13:65-76. [PMID: 34707898 PMCID: PMC8526179 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival mechanisms are activated in tumor cells in response to therapeutic ionizing radiation. This reduces a treatment's effectiveness. The p53, p63, and p73 proteins belonging to the family of proteins that regulate the numerous pathways of intracellular signal transduction play a key role in the development of radioresistance. This review analyzes the p53-dependent and p53-independent mechanisms involved in overcoming the resistance of tumor cells to radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. A. Kuchur
- ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, 191002 Russia
| | | | | | - A. A. Shtil
- ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, 191002 Russia
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478 Russia
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20
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Malik N, Yan H, Yang HH, Ayaz G, DuBois W, Tseng YC, Kim YI, Jiang S, Liu C, Lee M, Huang J. CBFB cooperates with p53 to maintain TAp73 expression and suppress breast cancer. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009553. [PMID: 33945523 PMCID: PMC8121313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The CBFB gene is frequently mutated in several types of solid tumors. Emerging evidence suggests that CBFB is a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. However, our understanding of the tumor suppressive function of CBFB remains incomplete. Here, we analyze genetic interactions between mutations of CBFB and other highly mutated genes in human breast cancer datasets and find that CBFB and TP53 mutations are mutually exclusive, suggesting a functional association between CBFB and p53. Integrated genomic studies reveal that TAp73 is a common transcriptional target of CBFB and p53. CBFB cooperates with p53 to maintain TAp73 expression, as either CBFB or p53 loss leads to TAp73 depletion. TAp73 re-expression abrogates the tumorigenic effect of CBFB deletion. Although TAp73 loss alone is insufficient for tumorigenesis, it enhances the tumorigenic effect of NOTCH3 overexpression, a downstream event of CBFB loss. Immunohistochemistry shows that p73 loss is coupled with higher proliferation in xenografts. Moreover, TAp73 loss-of-expression is a frequent event in human breast cancer tumors and cell lines. Together, our results significantly advance our understanding of the tumor suppressive functions of CBFB and reveal a mechanism underlying the communication between the two tumor suppressors CBFB and p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navdeep Malik
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hualong Yan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard H Yang
- High-Dimension Data Analysis Group, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gamze Ayaz
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wendy DuBois
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yu-Chou Tseng
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Young-Im Kim
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shunlin Jiang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Transgenic Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maxwell Lee
- High-Dimension Data Analysis Group, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jing Huang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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21
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Xu J, Li F, Gao Y, Guo R, Ding L, Fu M, Yi Y, Chen H, Xiao ZXJ, Niu M. E47 upregulates ΔNp63α to promote growth of squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:381. [PMID: 33833226 PMCID: PMC8032790 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapy has greatly improved both survival and prognosis of cancer patients. However, while therapeutic treatment of adenocarcinoma has been advanced greatly, progress in treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been slow and ineffective. Therefore, it is of great importance to decipher mechanisms and identify new drug targets involved in squamous cell carcinoma development. In this study, we demonstrate that E47 plays the distinctive and opposite roles on cell proliferation in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. While E47 suppresses cell proliferation in adenocarcinoma cells, it functions as a oncoprotein to promote cell proliferation and tumor growth of squamous cell carcinoma. Mechanistically, we show that E47 can directly bind to the promoter and transactivate ΔNp63 gene expression in squamous cell carcinoma cells, resulting in upregulation of cyclins D1/E1 and downregulation of p21, and thereby promoting cell proliferation and tumor growth. We further show that expression of E2A (E12/E47) is positively correlated with p63 and that high expression of E2A is associated with poor outcomes in clinical samples of squamous cell carcinoma. These results highlight that the E47-ΔNp63α axis may be potential therapeutic targets for treatment of squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengtian Li
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongtian Guo
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangping Ding
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyuan Fu
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Yi
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengmeng Niu
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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22
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Wu HH, Wang B, Armstrong SR, Abuetabh Y, Leng S, Roa WHY, Atfi A, Marchese A, Wilson B, Sergi C, Flores ER, Eisenstat DD, Leng RP. Hsp70 acts as a fine-switch that controls E3 ligase CHIP-mediated TAp63 and ΔNp63 ubiquitination and degradation. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:2740-2758. [PMID: 33619536 PMCID: PMC7969027 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The major clinical problem in human cancer is metastasis. Metastases are the cause of 90% of human cancer deaths. TAp63 is a critical suppressor of tumorigenesis and metastasis. ΔNp63 acts as a dominant-negative inhibitor to block the function of p53 and TAp63. Although several ubiquitin E3 ligases have been reported to regulate p63 stability, the mechanism of p63 regulation remains partially understood. Herein, we show that CHIP, an E3 ligase with a U-box domain, physically interacts with p63 and promotes p63 degradation. Notably, Hsp70 depletion by siRNA stabilizes TAp63 in H1299 cells and destabilizes ΔNp63 in SCC9 cells. Loss of Hsp70 results in a reduction in the TAp63-CHIP interaction in H1299 cells and an increase in the interaction between ΔNp63 and CHIP in SCC9 cells. Our results reveal that Hsp70 acts as a molecular switch to control CHIP-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p63 isoforms. Furthermore, regulation of p63 by the Hsp70-CHIP axis contributes to the migration and invasion of tumor cells. Hence, our findings demonstrate that Hsp70 is a crucial regulator of CHIP-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p63 isoforms and identify a new pathway for maintaining TAp63 or ΔNp63 stability in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Helena Wu
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Benfan Wang
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Stephen R Armstrong
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Yasser Abuetabh
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Sarah Leng
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Wilson H Y Roa
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Ave., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Azeddine Atfi
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Carcinogenesis, INSERM UMRS938, 184 Rue du Faubourg St-Antoine, 75571 Paris, France
| | - Adriano Marchese
- Department of Pharmacology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Beverly Wilson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, 11405 - 87 Ave., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4. 09), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Elsa R Flores
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - David D Eisenstat
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Ave., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, 11405 - 87 Ave., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Roger P Leng
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
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23
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Abou Zeinab R, Wu HH, Abuetabh Y, Leng S, Sergi C, Eisenstat DD, Leng RP. Pirh2, an E3 ligase, regulates the AIP4-p73 regulatory pathway by modulating AIP4 expression and ubiquitination. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:650-662. [PMID: 33569599 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pirh2 is an E3 ligase belonging to the RING-H2 family and shown to bind, ubiquitinate and downregulate p73 tumor suppressor function without altering p73 protein levels. AIP4, an E3 ligase belonging to the HECT domain family, has been reported to be a negative regulatory protein that promotes p73 ubiquitination and degradation. Herein, we found that Pirh2 is a key regulator of AIP4 that inhibits p73 function. Pirh2 physically interacts with AIP4 and significantly downregulates AIP4 expression. This downregulation is shown to involve the ubiquitination of AIP4 by Pirh2. Importantly, we demonstrated that the ectopic expression of Pirh2 inhibits the AIP4-p73 negative regulatory pathway, which was restored when depleting endogenous Pirh2 utilizing Pirh2-siRNAs. We further observed that Pirh2 decreases AIP4-mediated p73 ubiquitination. At the translational level and specifically regarding p73 cell cycle arrest function, Pirh2 still ensures the arrest of p73-mediated G1 despite AIP4 expression. Our study reveals a novel link between two E3 ligases previously thought to be unrelated in regulating the same effector substrate, p73. These findings open a gateway to explain how E3 ligases differentiate between regulating multiple substrates that may belong to the same family of proteins, as it is the case for the p53 and p73 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Abou Zeinab
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - H Helena Wu
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yasser Abuetabh
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah Leng
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4. 09), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - David D Eisenstat
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roger P Leng
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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24
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The p63 C-terminus is essential for murine oocyte integrity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:383. [PMID: 33452256 PMCID: PMC7810856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20669-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor p63 mediates distinct cellular responses, primarily regulating epithelial and oocyte biology. In addition to the two amino terminal isoforms, TAp63 and ΔNp63, the 3’-end of p63 mRNA undergoes tissue-specific alternative splicing that leads to several isoforms, including p63α, p63β and p63γ. To investigate in vivo how the different isoforms fulfil distinct functions at the cellular and developmental levels, we developed a mouse model replacing the p63α with p63β by deletion of exon 13 in the Trp63 gene. Here, we report that whereas in two organs physiologically expressing p63α, such as thymus and skin, no abnormalities are detected, total infertility is evident in heterozygous female mice. A sharp reduction in the number of primary oocytes during the first week after birth occurs as a consequence of the enhanced expression of the pro-apoptotic transcriptional targets Puma and Noxa by the tetrameric, constitutively active, TAp63β isoform. Hence, these mice show a condition of ovary dysfunction, resembling human primary ovary insufficiency. Our results show that the p63 C-terminus is essential in TAp63α-expressing primary oocytes to control cell death in vivo, expanding the current understanding of human primary ovarian insufficiency. The transcription factor p63 mediates different cellular responses affecting epithelial and oocyte biology. Here, the authors generate a mouse model (HET Δ13p63 mice) expressing the p63β isoform and show this affects ovary development, phenocopying a human syndrome, primary ovary insufficiency.
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25
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Zhang Y, Feng X, Zhang J, Chen X. Iron Regulatory Protein 2 Exerts its Oncogenic Activities by Suppressing TAp63 Expression. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1039-1049. [PMID: 32276991 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) is a key regulator of iron homeostasis and is found to be altered in several types of human cancer. However, how IRP2 contributes to tumorigenesis remains to be elucidated. In this study, we sought to investigate the role of IRP2 in tumorigenesis and found that IRP2 promotes cell growth by repressing TAp63, a member of p53 tumor suppressor family. Specifically, we found that IRP2 overexpression decreased, whereas IRP2 deficiency increased, TAp63 expression. We also showed that the repression of TAp63 by IRP2 was independent of tumor suppressor p53. To uncover the molecular basis, we found that IRP2 stabilized TAp63 mRNA by binding to an iron response element in the 3'UTR of p63 mRNA. To determine the biological significance of this regulation, we showed that IRP2 facilitates cell proliferation, at least in part, via repressing TAp63 expression. Moreover, we found that IRP2 deficiency markedly alleviated cellular senescence in TAp63-deficient mouse embryo fibroblasts. Together, we have uncovered a novel regulation of TAp63 by IRP2 and our data suggest that IRP2 exerts its oncogenic activities at least in part by repressing TAp63 expression. IMPLICATIONS: We have revealed a novel regulation of TAp63 by IRP2 and our data suggest that IRP2 exerts its oncogenic activities, at least in part, by repressing TAp63 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhang
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - Xiuli Feng
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - Xinbin Chen
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California.
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26
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Bang S, Kaur S, Kurokawa M. Regulation of the p53 Family Proteins by the Ubiquitin Proteasomal Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E261. [PMID: 31905981 PMCID: PMC6981958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 and its homologues, p63 and p73, play a pivotal role in the regulation of the DNA damage response, cellular homeostasis, development, aging, and metabolism. A number of mouse studies have shown that a genetic defect in the p53 family could lead to spontaneous tumor development, embryonic lethality, or severe tissue abnormality, indicating that the activity of the p53 family must be tightly regulated to maintain normal cellular functions. While the p53 family members are regulated at the level of gene expression as well as post-translational modification, they are also controlled at the level of protein stability through the ubiquitin proteasomal pathway. Over the last 20 years, many ubiquitin E3 ligases have been discovered that directly promote protein degradation of p53, p63, and p73 in vitro and in vivo. Here, we provide an overview of such E3 ligases and discuss their roles and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manabu Kurokawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA; (S.B.); (S.K.)
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27
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Smirnov A, Anemona L, Novelli F, Piro CM, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Melino G, Candi E. p63 Is a Promising Marker in the Diagnosis of Unusual Skin Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5781. [PMID: 31744230 PMCID: PMC6888618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide. Ozone depletion and climate changes might cause a further increase in the incidence rate in the future. Although the early detection of skin cancer enables it to be treated successfully, some tumours can evolve and become more aggressive, especially in the case of melanoma. Therefore, good diagnostic and prognostic markers are needed to ensure correct detection and treatment. Transcription factor p63, a member of the p53 family of proteins, plays an essential role in the development of stratified epithelia such as skin. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive review of p63 expression in different types of skin cancer and discuss its possible use in the diagnosis and prognosis of cutaneous tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Smirnov
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Anemona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Novelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina M. Piro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- MRC-Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata-IRCCS, 00163 Rome, Italy
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28
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ΔNp63 transcript loss in bladder cancer constitutes an independent molecular predictor of TaT1 patients post-treatment relapse and progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:3075-3087. [PMID: 31595333 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-03028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bladder cancer represents a major cause of malignancy-related morbidity and the most expensive per-patient-to-treat cancer, due to the lifelong surveillance of the patients. Accurate disease prognosis is essential in establishing personalized treatment decisions; yet optimum tools for precise risk stratification remain a competing task. In the present study, we have performed the complete evaluation of TP63 clinical significance in improving disease prognosis. METHODS The levels of ΔNp63 and TAp63 transcripts of TP63 were quantified in 342 bladder tissue specimens of our screening cohort (n = 182). Hedegaard et al. (Cancer Cell 30:27-42. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2016.05.004, 2016) (n = 476) and TCGA provisional (n = 413) were used as validation cohorts for NMIBC and MIBC, respectively. Survival analysis was performed using recurrence and progression for NMIBC or mortality for MIBC as endpoint events. Bootstrap analysis was performed for internal validation, while decision curve analysis was used for the evaluation of the clinical net benefit on disease prognosis. RESULTS ΔNp63 was significantly expressed in bladder tissues, and was found to be over-expressed in bladder tumors. Interestingly, reduced ΔNp63 levels were correlated with muscle-invasive disease, high-grade tumors and high-EORTC-risk NMIBC patients. Moreover, ΔNp63 loss was independently associated with higher risk for NMIBC relapse (HR = 2.730; p = 0.007) and progression (HR = 7.757; p = 0.016). Hedegaard et al. and TCGA validation cohorts confirmed our findings. Finally, multivariate models combining ΔΝp63 loss with established prognostic markers led to a superior clinical benefit for NMIBC prognosis and risk stratification. CONCLUSIONS ΔΝp63 loss is associated with adverse outcome of NMIBC resulting in superior prediction of NMIBC early relapse and progression.
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Tan S, Khumalo N, Bayat A. Understanding Keloid Pathobiology From a Quasi-Neoplastic Perspective: Less of a Scar and More of a Chronic Inflammatory Disease With Cancer-Like Tendencies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1810. [PMID: 31440236 PMCID: PMC6692789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids are considered as benign fibroproliferative skin tumors growing beyond the site of the original dermal injury. Although traditionally viewed as a form of skin scarring, keloids display many cancer-like characteristics such as progressive uncontrolled growth, lack of spontaneous regression and extremely high rates of recurrence. Phenotypically, keloids are consistent with non-malignant dermal tumors that are due to the excessive overproduction of collagen which never metastasize. Within the remit of keloid pathobiology, there is increasing evidence for the various interplay of neoplastic-promoting and suppressing factors, which may explain its aggressive clinical behavior. Amongst the most compelling parallels between keloids and cancer are their shared cellular bioenergetics, epigenetic methylation profiles and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition amongst other disease biological (genotypic and phenotypic) behaviors. This review explores the quasi-neoplastic or cancer-like properties of keloids and highlights areas for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvian Tan
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nonhlanhla Khumalo
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Gatti V, Bongiorno-Borbone L, Fierro C, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Melino G, Peschiaroli A. p63 at the Crossroads between Stemness and Metastasis in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2683. [PMID: 31159154 PMCID: PMC6600246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
After lung cancer, breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cause of cancer death among women, worldwide. Although advances in screening approaches and targeted therapeutic agents have decreased BC incidence and mortality, over the past five years, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains the breast cancer subtype that displays the worst prognosis, mainly due to the lack of clinically actionable targets. Genetic and molecular profiling has unveiled the high intrinsic heterogeneity of TNBC, with the basal-like molecular subtypes representing the most diffuse TNBC subtypes, characterized by the expression of basal epithelial markers, such as the transcription factor p63. In this review, we will provide a broad picture on the physiological role of p63, in maintaining the basal epithelial identity, as well as its involvement in breast cancer progression, emphasizing its relevance in tumor cell invasion and stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Gatti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Claudia Fierro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK.
| | - Angelo Peschiaroli
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Hafner A, Bulyk ML, Jambhekar A, Lahav G. The multiple mechanisms that regulate p53 activity and cell fate. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:199-210. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Kurita T, Chitose SI, Sato K, Sakazaki T, Fukahori M, Sueyoshi S, Umeno H. Pathological mechanisms of laryngeal papillomatosis based on laryngeal epithelial characteristics. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2019; 4:89-94. [PMID: 30828624 PMCID: PMC6383308 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Human papillomavirus (HPV) infects basal cells of the stratified squamous epithelium through micro epithelial trauma. However, laryngeal papillomatosis commonly appears in any site on the laryngeal mucosa not covered by stratified squamous epithelium. The purpose of this study is to clarify pathological mechanisms of laryngeal papillomatosis based on the characteristics of the laryngeal epithelium. Study Design Morphological and immunohistochemical study. Methods Larynges from one newborn and two adults were used. Morphological differences in the laryngeal squamo-ciliary junction (lSCJ) were compared to those in the cervical squamo-columnar junction (cSCJ) in a resected cervix uterus. Morphological characteristics of laryngeal epithelial distribution were also compared between the newborn and adult larynges. Immunohistochemical evaluations were performed using p63 (an epithelial stem-cell marker) and integrin-α6 (a cellular HPV receptor). Results Morphological differences were noted between the lSCJ and the cSCJ. The lSCJ was present in the adult, but not the newborn supraglottis. Goblet cells in the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium were also found in the adult but not the newborn larynx. In addition, basal cells of the stratified squamous epithelium as well as the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium expressed p63 and integrin-α6 in both newborn and adult larynges. Conclusions HPV can infect any immature laryngeal epithelium with or without the lSCJ. Squamous metaplasia of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with a latent HPV infection can also cause tumorigenesis. Level of Evidence N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kurita
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Chitose
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Kiminori Sato
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Tomo Sakazaki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Mioko Fukahori
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Shintaro Sueyoshi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Hirohito Umeno
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
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Ganapathy S, Liu J, Xiong R, Yu T, Makriyannis A, Chen C. Chronic low dose arsenic exposure preferentially perturbs mitotic phase of the cell cycle. Genes Cancer 2018; 10:39-51. [PMID: 30899418 PMCID: PMC6420791 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a big challenge for human survival. Arsenic compounds are well-known biohazard, the exposure of which is closely linked to onsets of various human diseases, particularly cancers. Upon chronically exposing to arsenic compounds, genomic integrity is often disrupted, leading to tumor development. However, the underlying mechanisms by which chronic, low dose arsenic exposure targets genetic stability to initiate carcinogenesis still remain not fully understood. In this study, human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells and keratinocytes were treated with 0.5 μM of sodium arsenite for one month (designated as BEAS-2B-SA cells or keratinocytes-SA), and its effect on cell cycle responses was analyzed. After being arrested in mitotic phase of the cell cycle by nocodazole treatment, BEAS-2B-SA cells or keratinocytes-SA were delayed to enter next cytokinesis. The lagging exit of the cells from mitosis was accompanied by a sustained Plk1 phosphorylation, which led to a persistent activation of the mitotic regulators BubR1 and Cdc27. As the result, cyclin B1 (clnB1) degradation was attenuated. BEAS-2B-SA cells or keratinocytes-SA also expressed a constitutively active Akt. The cytogenetic analysis showed an increased numbers of aneuploidy in these cells. The suppression of Akt reversed the aberrant expressions of the mitotic regulators, delay of mitotic exit as well as chromosomal aberrations. Our findings suggest that a long-term exposure to low dose sodium arsenite aberrantly retains the catenation of mitosis, which facilitates establishing genetic instability and predisposes the cells to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jian Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Sheng, P.R. China
| | - Rui Xiong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Sheng, P.R. China
| | - Tianqi Yu
- The Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Changyan Chen
- The Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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p53-Family Proteins in Odontogenic Cysts: An Immunohistochemical Study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2018; 28:369-375. [PMID: 30520832 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the immunohistochemical expression of p53, p63, and p73 in different types of odontogenic cysts (OC), a group of common intraosseous jaw lesions, to provide a better understanding of p53-family functions in odontogenic lesions. We carried out immunohistochemical analysis to evaluate the expression of p53, p63, and p73 in 60 samples of OC, including dentigerous cysts, radicular cysts, orthokeratinized OC, and odontogenic keratocysts (OKC). The epithelial expression of p53-family members was evaluated both in the basal-parabasal and in the superficial layers, measuring the percentage of positive cells and the value of expression intensity. The expression of p53-family members showed a significant difference between the "OKC" and "non-OKC" groups. In particular, p53 positivity in the basal-parabasal layers, as well as p63 positivity in the superficial layers, were more common in OKC (P<0.0001; P=0.0237). p73 expression in the superficial layers was significantly more expressed in the "non-OKC" group (P<0.0001). No significant differences of staining intensity scores were reported between the groups. The Spearman test showed a positive correlation between p53 and p73 expression at the basal-parabasal level in all cysts (r=0.6626; P<0.0001). These results showed a significantly different expression of p53-family members in OC groups, in particular between the "OKC" and "non-OKC" groups, suggesting the existence of a p53-family pathway in the epithelial lining of OC.
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Li X, Tian Z, Jin H, Xu J, Hua X, Yan H, Liufu H, Wang J, Li J, Zhu J, Huang H, Huang C. Decreased c-Myc mRNA Stability via the MicroRNA 141-3p/AUF1 Axis Is Crucial for p63α Inhibition of Cyclin D1 Gene Transcription and Bladder Cancer Cell Tumorigenicity. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:e00273-18. [PMID: 30104251 PMCID: PMC6189456 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00273-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) ranks as the sixth most common cancer in the United States and is the leading cause of death in patients with urinary malignancies. p63 is a member of the p53 family and is believed to function as a tumor suppressor in human BCs. Our most recent studies revealed a previously unknown function of the RING of XIAP in promoting microRNA 4295 (miR-4295) transcription, thereby reducing p63α protein translation and enhancing normal urothelial transformation, whereas p63α upregulates hsp70 transcription, subsequently activating the HSP70/Wasf3/Wave3/matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) axis and promoting BC cell invasion via initiating the transcription factor E2F1. In this study, we found that p63α inhibited cyclin D1 protein expression, subsequently decreasing the ability of BC cell anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo Mechanistic studies demonstrated that p63α expression is able to downregulate cyclin D1 gene transcription through attenuation of c-Myc mRNA stability. We further show that the reduction of miR-141-3p expression by p63α directly releases its inhibition of 3' untranslated region (UTR) activity of AU-rich element RNA-binding factor 1 (AUF1) mRNA, thereby increasing AUF1 protein translation and further resulting in degradation of c-Myc mRNA, which, in turn, reduces cyclin D1 gene transcription and BC cell anchorage-independent growth. Collectively, our results demonstrate that p63α is a negative regulator of BC cell tumorigenic growth, a distinctly different function than its promotion of BC invasion, thus providing further new insight into the "two faces" of p63α in regulation of BC cell tumorigenic growth and progression/invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, USA
| | - Zhongxian Tian
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, USA
| | - Honglei Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiheng Xu
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, USA
| | - Xiaohui Hua
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, USA
| | - Huiying Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huating Liufu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, USA
| | - Junlan Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haishan Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, USA
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Cheng H, Yang X, Si H, Saleh AD, Xiao W, Coupar J, Gollin SM, Ferris RL, Issaeva N, Yarbrough WG, Prince ME, Carey TE, Van Waes C, Chen Z. Genomic and Transcriptomic Characterization Links Cell Lines with Aggressive Head and Neck Cancers. Cell Rep 2018; 25:1332-1345.e5. [PMID: 30380422 PMCID: PMC6280671 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell lines are important tools for biological and preclinical investigation, and establishing their relationship to genomic alterations in tumors could accelerate functional and therapeutic discoveries. We conducted integrated analyses of genomic and transcriptomic profiles of 15 human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative and 11 HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) lines to compare with 279 tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We identified recurrent amplifications on chromosomes 3q22-29, 5p15, 11q13/22, and 8p11 that drive increased expression of more than 100 genes in cell lines and tumors. These alterations, together with loss or mutations of tumor suppressor genes, converge on important signaling pathways, recapitulating the genomic landscape of aggressive HNSCCs. Among these, concurrent 3q26.3 amplification and TP53 mutation in most HPV(-) cell lines reflect tumors with worse survival. Our findings elucidate and validate genomic alterations underpinning numerous discoveries made with HNSCC lines and provide valuable models for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cheng
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xinping Yang
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Han Si
- Translational Bioinformatics, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Anthony D Saleh
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wenming Xiao
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Jamie Coupar
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Susanne M Gollin
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Departments of Otolaryngology, Radiation Oncology, and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Natalia Issaeva
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Molecular Virology Research Program, Smilow Cancer Hospital, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Wendell G Yarbrough
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Molecular Virology Research Program, Smilow Cancer Hospital, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mark E Prince
- Cancer Biology Program, Program in the Biomedical Sciences, Rackham Graduate School, and the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Thomas E Carey
- Cancer Biology Program, Program in the Biomedical Sciences, Rackham Graduate School, and the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Zhong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Gatti V, Fierro C, Compagnone M, Giangrazi F, Markert EK, Bongiorno-Borbone L, Melino G, Peschiaroli A. ΔNp63 regulates the expression of hyaluronic acid-related genes in breast cancer cells. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:65. [PMID: 30139970 PMCID: PMC6107578 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) represent the most aggressive and clinically relevant breast carcinomas. On the basis of specific molecular signature, the majority of TNBC can be classified as basal-like breast carcinoma. Here, we report data showing that in basal-like breast carcinoma cells ΔNp63 is capable of sustaining the production of the hyaluronic acid (HA), one of the major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). At molecular level, we found that ΔNp63 regulates the expression of HA-related genes, such as the HA synthase HAS3, the hyaluronidase HYAL-1 and CD44, the major HA cell membrane receptor. By controlling this pathway, ∆Np63 contributes to maintain the self-renewal of breast cancer stem cells. Importantly, high HAS3 expression is a negative prognostic factor of TNBC patients. Our data suggest that in basal-type breast carcinoma ∆Np63 might favor a HA-rich microenviroment, which can sustain tumor proliferation and stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Gatti
- National Research Council of Italy, (CNR), Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), CNR, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Fierro
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirco Compagnone
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Giangrazi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetics, The Smurfit Institute, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Elke Katrin Markert
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Lucilla Bongiorno-Borbone
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy. .,Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester University, Lancaster Road, P.O. Box 138, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK.
| | - Angelo Peschiaroli
- National Research Council of Italy, (CNR), Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome, 00133, Italy.
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Martin LJ, Chang Q. DNA Damage Response and Repair, DNA Methylation, and Cell Death in Human Neurons and Experimental Animal Neurons Are Different. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2018; 77:636-655. [PMID: 29788379 PMCID: PMC6005106 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders affecting individuals in infancy to old age elude interventions for meaningful protection against neurodegeneration, and preclinical work has not translated to humans. We studied human neuron responses to injury and death stimuli compared to those of animal neurons in culture under similar settings of insult (excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA damage). Human neurons were differentiated from a cortical neuron cell line and the embryonic stem cell-derived H9 line. Mouse neurons were differentiated from forebrain neural stem cells and embryonic cerebral cortex; pig neurons were derived from forebrain neural stem cells. Mitochondrial morphology was different in human and mouse neurons. Human and mouse neurons challenged with DNA-damaging agent camptothecin showed different chromatin condensation, cell death, and DNA damage sensor activation. DNA damage accumulation and repair kinetics differed among human, mouse, and pig neurons. Promoter CpG island methylation microarrays showed significant differential DNA methylation in human and mouse neurons after injury. Therefore, DNA damage response, DNA repair, DNA methylation, and autonomous cell death mechanisms in human neurons and experimental animal neurons are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee J Martin
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology
- Pathobiology Graduate Training Program
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology
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Åberg E, Karlsson OA, Andersson E, Jemth P. Binding Kinetics of the Intrinsically Disordered p53 Family Transactivation Domains and MDM2. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:6899-6905. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Åberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - O. Andreas Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Jemth
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
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40
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Park HR, Kim YW, Park JH, Maeng YH, Nojima T, Hashimoto H, Park YK. Low Expression of P63 and P73 in Osteosarcoma. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 90:239-43. [PMID: 15237589 DOI: 10.1177/030089160409000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The recent discovery of two p53-related genes, p63 and p73, has revealed an additional level of complexity to the study of p53 function. Both genes encode multiple proteins arising from alternative promoter usage and splicing, with transactivation, DNA-binding, and tetramerization domains. Recent data support a role for p63 in squamous and transitional cell carcinomas, as well as in certain lymphomas and thymomas. Methods To characterize the involvement of p63 and p73 in the development of osteosarcoma, we analyzed the expression and mutation of TAp63 and TAp73 in six osteosarcoma cell lines and twelve osteosarcoma specimens. Results Semiquantitative DNA/PCR analysis revealed that eight (67%) and six (50%) out of twelve osteosarcoma specimens showed significantly reduced levels of p63 and p73 transcription, respectively. Direct sequencing of the entire coding region detected no mutations in cell lines or osteosarcoma specimens. Conclusions Our data suggest that low expression of p63 and p73 is relatively common in osteosarcomas and might contribute to their molecular pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Rim Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
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Venkatesh A, Wadhwan V, Aggarwal P, Reddy V, Sharma P, Gotur SP, Saxena C. Elevated p63 Expression as an Indicator for Poorer Prognosis in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Oral Cavity: An Immunohistochemical Study. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_69_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Oral cancer remains one of the most debilitating and disfiguring of all malignancies. The survival rates for oral cancer vary, depending on several factors. Although p63 is an accepted prognostic marker in various other carcinomas, no consensus has been obtained till date regarding the applicability of p63 as a prognostic marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Aim and Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the applicability of p63 as a prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) using incisional biopsies. Materials and Methods: Incisional biopsies of 27 candidates who were histopathologically diagnosed with SCC (8070/3) of the oral cavity (C06.9) (OSCC) between January 2013 and June 2014 were included in the trial. Sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry with p63 as the primary antibody. The percentage p63 expression was calculated and compared based on their Broders' and Anneroth's multifactorial grading systems with the overall survival status of the patients. Results and Observations: A statistically significant increase (P = 0.0203) was found between p63 expression and the histological grading of the tumor (from Grade I OSCC to Grade III OSCC). Similarly, a statistically significant correlation (P = 0.013) was obtained between mean Anneroth score (MAS) and the Broders' grading. Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test showed statistical significance for the survival curves when the candidates were classified based on % p63 expression (P = 0.0049) and MAS (P = 0.0003). Conclusion: We have shown expression of p63 to correlate with survival in OSCCs, where high expression was seen in tumors with poorer survival after treatment. Furthermore, the usage and importance of Anneroth's multifactorial grading system over Broders' grading system in routine histopathological reporting for incisional biopsies of OSCCs is stressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Venkatesh
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Wadhwan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pooja Aggarwal
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vandana Reddy
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suhasini Palakshappa Gotur
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chitrapriya Saxena
- Department of Dentistry, Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Datta S, Chakraborty S, Panja C, Ghosh S. Reactive nitrogen species control apoptosis and autophagy in K562 cells: implication of TAp73α induction in controlling autophagy. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:491-506. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1449210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sampurna Datta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Chiranjit Panja
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sanjay Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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43
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Jiang Y, Xu E, Zhang J, Chen M, Flores E, Chen X. The Rbm38-p63 feedback loop is critical for tumor suppression and longevity. Oncogene 2018. [PMID: 29520104 PMCID: PMC5970038 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein Rbm38 is a target of p63 tumor suppressor and can in-turn repress p63 expression via mRNA stability. Thus, Rbm38 and p63 form a negative feedback loop. To investigate the biological significance of the Rbm38-p63 loop in vivo, a cohort of WT, Rbm38-/-, TAp63+/-, and Rbm38-/-;TAp63+/- mice were generated and monitored throughout their lifespan. While mice deficient in Rbm38 or TAp63 alone died mostly from spontaneous tumors, compound Rbm38-/-;TAp63+/- mice had an extended lifespan along with reduced tumor incidence. We also found that loss-of-Rbm38 markedly decreased the percentage of liver steatosis in TAp63+/- mice. Moreover, we found that Rbm38 deficiency extends the lifespan of tumor-free TAp63+/- mice along with reduced expression of senescence-associated biomarkers. Consistent with this, Rbm38-/-;TAp63+/- MEFs were resistant, whereas Rbm38-/- or TAp63+/- MEFs were prone, to cellular senescence. Importantly, we showed that the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL17D and Tnfsf15) were significantly reduced by Rbm38 deficiency in senescence-resistant Rbm38-/-;TAp63+/- mouse livers and MEFs. Together, our data suggest that Rbm38 and p63 function as intergenic suppressors in aging and tumorigenesis and that the Rbm38-p63 loop may be explored for enhancing longevity and cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Jiang
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Enshun Xu
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Mingyi Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elsa Flores
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xinbin Chen
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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44
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p73 coordinates with Δ133p53 to promote DNA double-strand break repair. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:1063-1079. [PMID: 29511339 PMCID: PMC5988805 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour repressor p53 isoform Δ133p53 is a target gene of p53 and an antagonist of p53-mediated apoptotic activity. We recently demonstrated that Δ133p53 promotes DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by upregulating transcription of the repair genes RAD51, LIG4 and RAD52 in a p53-independent manner. However, Δ133p53 lacks the transactivation domain of full-length p53, and the mechanism by which it exerts transcriptional activity independently of full-length p53 remains unclear. In this report, we describe the accumulation of high levels of both Δ133p53 and p73 (a p53 family member) at 24 h post γ-irradiation (hpi). Δ133p53 can form a complex with p73 upon γ-irradiation. The co-expression of Δ133p53 and p73, but not either protein alone, can significantly promote DNA DSB repair mechanisms, including homologous recombination (HR), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and single-strand annealing (SSA). p73 and Δ133p53 act synergistically to promote the expression of RAD51, LIG4 and RAD52 by joining together to bind to region containing a Δ133p53-responsive element (RE) and a p73-RE in the promoters of all three repair genes. In addition to its accumulation at 24 hpi, p73 protein expression also peaks at 4 hpi. The depletion of p73 not only reduces early-stage apoptotic frequency (4–6 hpi), but also significantly increases later-stage DNA DSB accumulation (48 hpi), leading to cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase and, ultimately, cell senescence. In summary, the apoptotic regulator p73 also coordinates with Δ133p53 to promote DNA DSB repair, and the loss of function of p73 in DNA DSB repair may underlie spontaneous and carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis in p73 knockout mice.
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45
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Zhang Y, Jiang F, He H, Ye J, Mao X, Guo Q, Wu SL, Zhong W, Wu CL, Lin N. Identification of a novel microRNA-mRNA regulatory biomodule in human prostate cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:301. [PMID: 29467540 PMCID: PMC5833360 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0293-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Our recent study identified a list of differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in human prostate cancer (PCa) tissues compared to adjacent benign prostate tissues. In the current study, to identify the crucial miRNA-mRNA regulatory biomodule involved into prostate carcinogenesis based on the previous miRNA expression profile in PCa, we proposed an integrated systematic approach which combined miRNA-mediated gene expression regulatory network analysis, experimental validations in vitro and in vivo, as well as clinical significance evaluation. As a result, the CCND1-RNASEL-CDKN1A-TP73-MDM2-UBE2I axis was identified as a bottleneck in the miRNA-mediated gene expression regulatory network of PCa according to network topological analysis. The direct binding relationship between TP73 and PCa downregulated miR-193a-5p, and the direct binding relationship between UBE2I and PCa upregulated miR-188-5p were both experimentally validated. In addition, miR-193a-5p had a more significant regulatory effect on the tumor promoter isoform of TP73-deltaNp73 than on the tumor suppressive isoform of TP73-TAp73. Importantly, the deregulation of either the miR-193a-5p-TP73 or miR-188-5p-UBE2I axes was significantly associated with aggressive progression and poor prognosis in PCa patients. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that miR-193a-5p efficiently inhibited in vitro PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and in vivo tumor growth, and markedly induced PCa cell apoptosis via regulating TP73 with a corresponding suppression of the CCND1-RNASEL-CDKN1A-MDM2 axis. In contrast, miR-188-5p exerted its tumor promoter roles through targeting UBE2I with a subsequent activation of the CCND1-RNASEL-CDKN1A-MDM2 axis. Taken together, this integrated analysis revealed the potential roles of the miR-193a-5p/TP73 and miR-188-5p/UBE2i negative regulation pairs in PCa. In addition to the significant clinical relevance, miR-193a-5p- and miR-188-5p-regulated CCND1-RNASEL-CDKN1A-TP73-MDM2-UBE2I signaling may be a novel regulatory biomodule in prostate carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.,Department of Urology & Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Funeng Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Huichan He
- Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Jianheng Ye
- Department of Urology & Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Xia Mao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qiuyan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shu-Lin Wu
- Department of Urology & Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Weide Zhong
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China. .,Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
| | - Chin-Lee Wu
- Department of Urology & Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Na Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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46
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Kim DW, Kim KC, Kim KB, Dunn CT, Park KS. Transcriptional deregulation underlying the pathogenesis of small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2018. [PMID: 29535909 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.10.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of recurrent alterations in genes encoding transcription regulators and chromatin modifiers is one of the most important recent developments in the study of the small cell lung cancer (SCLC) genome. With advances in models and analytical methods, the field of SCLC biology has seen remarkable progress in understanding the deregulated transcription networks linked to the tumor development and malignant progression. This review will discuss recent discoveries on the roles of RB and P53 family of tumor suppressors and MYC family of oncogenes in tumor initiation and development. It will also describe the roles of lineage-specific factors in neuroendocrine (NE) cell differentiation and homeostasis and the roles of epigenetic alterations driven by changes in NFIB and chromatin modifiers in malignant progression and chemoresistance. These recent findings have led to a model of transcriptional network in which multiple pathways converge on regulatory regions of crucial genes linked to tumor development. Validation of this model and characterization of target genes will provide critical insights into the biology of SCLC and novel strategies for tumor intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, The University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Keun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, The University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kee-Beom Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, The University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Colin T Dunn
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, The University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kwon-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, The University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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47
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Sasaki Y, Tamura M, Takeda K, Ogi K, Nakagaki T, Koyama R, Idogawa M, Hiratsuka H, Tokino T. Identification and characterization of the intercellular adhesion molecule-2 gene as a novel p53 target. Oncotarget 2018; 7:61426-61437. [PMID: 27556181 PMCID: PMC5308662 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor inhibits cell growth through the activation of both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which maintain genome stability and prevent cancer development. Here, we report that intercellular adhesion molecule-2 (ICAM2) is transcriptionally activated by p53. Specifically, ICAM2 is induced by the p53 family and DNA damage in a p53-dependent manner. We identified a p53 binding sequence located within the ICAM2 gene that is responsive to wild-type p53, TAp73, and TAp63. In terms of function, we found that the ectopic expression of ICAM2 inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion. In addition, we demonstrated that silencing endogenous ICAM2 in cancer cells caused a marked increase in extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation levels, suggesting that ICAM2 inhibits migration and invasion of cancer cells by suppressing ERK signaling. Moreover, ICAM2 is underexpressed in human cancer tissues containing mutant p53 as compared to those with wild-type p53. Notably, the decreased expression of ICAM2 is associated with poor survival in patients with various cancers. Our findings demonstrate that ICAM2 induction by p53 has a key role in inhibiting migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Sasaki
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Tamura
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Takeda
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ogi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Nakagaki
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryota Koyama
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masashi Idogawa
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Tokino
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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48
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Cam M, Gardner HL, Roberts RD, Fenger JM, Guttridge DC, London CA, Cam H. ΔNp63 mediates cellular survival and metastasis in canine osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48533-48546. [PMID: 27391430 PMCID: PMC5217036 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
p63 is a structural homolog within the 53 family encoding two isoforms, ΔNp63 and TAp63. The oncogenic activity of ΔNp63 has been demonstrated in multiple cancers, however the underlying mechanisms that contribute to tumorigenesis are poorly characterized. Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone tumor in dogs, exhibiting clinical behavior and molecular biology essentially identical to its human counterpart. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential contribution of ΔNp63 to the biology of canine OSA. As demonstrated by qRT-PCR, nearly all canine OSA cell lines and tissues overexpressed ΔNp63 relative to normal control osteoblasts. Inhibition of ΔNp63 by RNAi selectively induced apoptosis in the OSA cell lines overexpressing ΔNp63. Knockdown of ΔNp63 upregulated expression of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members Puma and Noxa independent of p53. However the effects of ΔNp63 required transactivating isoforms of p73, suggesting that ΔNp63 promotes survival in OSA by repressing p73-dependent apoptosis. In addition, ΔNp63 modulated angiogenesis and invasion through its effects on VEGF-A and IL-8 expression, and STAT3 phosphorylation. Lastly, the capacity of canine OSA cell lines to form pulmonary metastasis was directly related to expression levels of ΔNp63 in a murine model of metastatic OSA. Together, these data demonstrate that ΔNp63 inhibits apoptosis and promotes metastasis, supporting continued evaluation of this oncogene as a therapeutic target in both human and canine OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Cam
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Heather L Gardner
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Ryan D Roberts
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Joelle M Fenger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Denis C Guttridge
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Cheryl A London
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Hakan Cam
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Hazawa M, Lin DC, Kobayashi A, Jiang YY, Xu L, Dewi FRP, Mohamed MS, Hartono, Nakada M, Meguro-Horike M, Horike SI, Koeffler HP, Wong RW. ROCK-dependent phosphorylation of NUP62 regulates p63 nuclear transport and squamous cell carcinoma proliferation. EMBO Rep 2017; 19:73-88. [PMID: 29217659 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
p63, more specifically its ΔNp63α isoform, plays essential roles in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), yet the mechanisms controlling its nuclear transport remain unknown. Nucleoporins (NUPs) are a family of proteins building nuclear pore complexes (NPC) and mediating nuclear transport across the nuclear envelope. Recent evidence suggests a cell type-specific function for certain NUPs; however, the significance of NUPs in SCC biology remains unknown. In this study, we show that nucleoporin 62 (NUP62) is highly expressed in stratified squamous epithelia and is further elevated in SCCs. Depletion of NUP62 inhibits proliferation and augments differentiation of SCC cells. The impaired ability to maintain the undifferentiated status is associated with defects in ΔNp63α nuclear transport. We further find that differentiation-inducible Rho kinase reduces the interaction between NUP62 and ΔNp63α by phosphorylation of phenylalanine-glycine regions of NUP62, attenuating ΔNp63α nuclear import. Our results characterize NUP62 as a gatekeeper for ΔNp63α and uncover its role in the control of cell fate through regulation of ΔNp63α nuclear transport in SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Hazawa
- Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan .,Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.,WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - De-Chen Lin
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Akiko Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yan-Yi Jiang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Xu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Firli Rahmah Primula Dewi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Mahmoud Shaaban Mohamed
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hartono
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Makiko Meguro-Horike
- Advanced Science Research Center, Institute for Gene Research, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Horike
- Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.,Advanced Science Research Center, Institute for Gene Research, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard W Wong
- Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan .,Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.,WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Japan
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50
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Mitkin NA, Muratova AM, Sharonov GV, Korneev KV, Sviriaeva EN, Mazurov D, Schwartz AM, Kuprash DV. p63 and p73 repress CXCR5 chemokine receptor gene expression in p53-deficient MCF-7 breast cancer cells during genotoxic stress. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2017; 1860:1169-1178. [PMID: 29107083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many types of chemotherapeutic agents induce of DNA-damage that is accompanied by activation of p53 tumor suppressor, a key regulator of tumor development and progression. In our previous study we demonstrated that p53 could repress CXCR5 chemokine receptor gene in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via attenuation of NFkB activity. In this work we aimed to determine individual roles of p53 family members in the regulation of CXCR5 gene expression under genotoxic stress. DNA-alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate caused a reduction in CXCR5 expression not only in parental MCF-7 cells but also in MCF-7-p53off cells with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated inactivation of the p53 gene. Since p53 knockout was associated with elevated expression of its p63 and p73 homologues, we knocked out p63 using CRISPR/Cas9 system and knocked down p73 using specific siRNA. The CXCR5 promoter activity, CXCR5 expression and CXCL13-directed migration in MCF-7 cells with inactivation of all three p53 family genes were completely insensitive to genotoxic stress, while pairwise p53+p63 or p53+p73 inactivation resulted in partial effects. Using deletion analysis and site-directed mutagenesis, we demonstrated that effects of NFkB on the CXCR5 promoter inversely correlated with p63 and p73 levels. Thus, all three p53 family members mediate the effects of genotoxic stress on the CXCR5 promoter using the same mechanism associated with attenuation of NFkB activity. Understanding of this mechanism could facilitate prognosis of tumor responses to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A Mitkin
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alisa M Muratova
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Department of Immunology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye gory 1, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - George V Sharonov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye gory 1, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill V Korneev
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Department of Immunology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye gory 1, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N Sviriaeva
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Mazurov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Anton M Schwartz
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Kuprash
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Department of Immunology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye gory 1, 119234 Moscow, Russia.
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