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Wang C, Zhang K, Cai B, Haller JE, Carnazza KE, Hu J, Zhao C, Tian Z, Hu X, Hall D, Qiang J, Hou S, Liu Z, Gu J, Zhang Y, Seroogy KB, Burré J, Fang Y, Liu C, Brunger AT, Li D, Diao J. VAMP2 chaperones α-synuclein in synaptic vesicle co-condensates. Nat Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41556-024-01456-1. [PMID: 38951706 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation is closely associated with Parkinson's disease neuropathology. Physiologically, α-Syn promotes synaptic vesicle (SV) clustering and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex assembly. However, the underlying structural and molecular mechanisms are uncertain and it is not known whether this function affects the pathological aggregation of α-Syn. Here we show that the juxtamembrane region of vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2)-a component of the SNARE complex that resides on SVs-directly interacts with the carboxy-terminal region of α-Syn through charged residues to regulate α-Syn's function in clustering SVs and promoting SNARE complex assembly by inducing a multi-component condensed phase of SVs, α-Syn and other components. Moreover, VAMP2 binding protects α-Syn against forming aggregation-prone oligomers and fibrils in these condensates. Our results suggest a molecular mechanism that maintains α-Syn's function and prevents its pathological amyloid aggregation, the failure of which may lead to Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jillian E Haller
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn E Carnazza
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiaojiao Hu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyu Zhao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqi Tian
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Daniel Hall
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jiali Qiang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shouqiao Hou
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenying Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinge Gu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoyang Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kim B Seroogy
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jacqueline Burré
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanshan Fang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Axel T Brunger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiajie Diao
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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2
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Ghosh D, Biswas A, Radhakrishna M. Advanced computational approaches to understand protein aggregation. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2024; 5:021302. [PMID: 38681860 PMCID: PMC11045254 DOI: 10.1063/5.0180691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is a widespread phenomenon implicated in debilitating diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cataracts, presenting complex hurdles for the field of molecular biology. In this review, we explore the evolving realm of computational methods and bioinformatics tools that have revolutionized our comprehension of protein aggregation. Beginning with a discussion of the multifaceted challenges associated with understanding this process and emphasizing the critical need for precise predictive tools, we highlight how computational techniques have become indispensable for understanding protein aggregation. We focus on molecular simulations, notably molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, spanning from atomistic to coarse-grained levels, which have emerged as pivotal tools in unraveling the complex dynamics governing protein aggregation in diseases such as cataracts, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's. MD simulations provide microscopic insights into protein interactions and the subtleties of aggregation pathways, with advanced techniques like replica exchange molecular dynamics, Metadynamics (MetaD), and umbrella sampling enhancing our understanding by probing intricate energy landscapes and transition states. We delve into specific applications of MD simulations, elucidating the chaperone mechanism underlying cataract formation using Markov state modeling and the intricate pathways and interactions driving the toxic aggregate formation in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Transitioning we highlight how computational techniques, including bioinformatics, sequence analysis, structural data, machine learning algorithms, and artificial intelligence have become indispensable for predicting protein aggregation propensity and locating aggregation-prone regions within protein sequences. Throughout our exploration, we underscore the symbiotic relationship between computational approaches and empirical data, which has paved the way for potential therapeutic strategies against protein aggregation-related diseases. In conclusion, this review offers a comprehensive overview of advanced computational methodologies and bioinformatics tools that have catalyzed breakthroughs in unraveling the molecular basis of protein aggregation, with significant implications for clinical interventions, standing at the intersection of computational biology and experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepshikha Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Anushka Biswas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
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Xie S, Peng P, Dong X, Yuan J, Liang J. Novel gene signatures predicting and immune infiltration analysis in Parkinson's disease: based on combining random forest with artificial neural network. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:2681-2696. [PMID: 38265536 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) ranks as the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder globally, and its incidence is rapidly rising. The diagnosis of PD relies on clinical characteristics. Although current treatments aim to alleviate symptoms, they do not effectively halt the disease's progression. Early detection and intervention hold immense importance. This study aimed to establish a new PD diagnostic model. METHODS Data from a public database were adopted for the construction and validation of a PD diagnostic model with random forest and artificial neural network models. The CIBERSORT platform was applied for the evaluation of immune cell infiltration in PD. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to verify the accuracy and reliability of the bioinformatics analysis results. RESULTS Leveraging existing gene expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we sifted through differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PD and identified 30 crucial genes through a random forest classifier. Furthermore, we successfully designed a novel PD diagnostic model using an artificial neural network and verified its diagnostic efficacy using publicly available datasets. Our research also suggests that mast cells may play a significant role in the onset and progression of PD. CONCLUSION This work developed a new PD diagnostic model with machine learning techniques and suggested the immune cells as a potential target for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucai Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Genetic Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Pei Peng
- Department of Medicine Oncology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The first people's hospital of Changde city), Changde, China
| | - Xingcheng Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The first people's hospital of Changde city), Changde, China
| | - Junxing Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The first people's hospital of Changde city), No. 818 Renmin Road, Changde, 415000, Hunan, China
| | - Ji Liang
- Department of Neurology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The first people's hospital of Changde city), No. 818 Renmin Road, Changde, 415000, Hunan, China.
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Fonseca PAS, Suárez-Vega A, Arranz JJ, Gutiérrez-Gil B. Integration of selective sweeps across the sheep genome: understanding the relationship between production and adaptation traits. Genet Sel Evol 2024; 56:40. [PMID: 38773423 PMCID: PMC11106937 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-024-00910-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Livestock populations are under constant selective pressure for higher productivity levels for different selective purposes. This pressure results in the selection of animals with unique adaptive and production traits. The study of genomic regions associated with these unique characteristics has the potential to improve biological knowledge regarding the adaptive process and how it is connected to production levels and resilience, which is the ability of an animal to adapt to stress or an imbalance in homeostasis. Sheep is a species that has been subjected to several natural and artificial selective pressures during its history, resulting in a highly specialized species for production and adaptation to challenging environments. Here, the data from multiple studies that aim at mapping selective sweeps across the sheep genome associated with production and adaptation traits were integrated to identify confirmed selective sweeps (CSS). RESULTS In total, 37 studies were used to identify 518 CSS across the sheep genome, which were classified as production (147 prodCSS) and adaptation (219 adapCSS) CSS based on the frequency of each type of associated study. The genes within the CSS were associated with relevant biological processes for adaptation and production. For example, for adapCSS, the associated genes were related to the control of seasonality, circadian rhythm, and thermoregulation. On the other hand, genes associated with prodCSS were related to the control of feeding behaviour, reproduction, and cellular differentiation. In addition, genes harbouring both prodCSS and adapCSS showed an interesting association with lipid metabolism, suggesting a potential role of this process in the regulation of pleiotropic effects between these classes of traits. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the genetic link between productivity and adaptability in sheep breeds. This information may provide insights into the genetic mechanisms that underlie undesirable genetic correlations between these two groups of traits and pave the way for a better understanding of resilience as a positive ability to respond to environmental stressors, where the negative effects on production level are minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A S Fonseca
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Aroa Suárez-Vega
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Juan J Arranz
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gutiérrez-Gil
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain.
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Walton S, Fenyi A, Tittle T, Sidransky E, Pal G, Choi S, Melki R, Killinger BA, Kordower JH. Neither alpha-synuclein fibril strain nor host murine genotype influences seeding efficacy. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:105. [PMID: 38773124 PMCID: PMC11109094 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00679-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor symptoms and alpha-synuclein (αsyn) aggregation in the nervous system. For unclear reasons, PD patients with certain GBA1 mutations (GBA-PD) have a more aggressive clinical progression. Two testable hypotheses that can potentially account for this phenomenon are that GBA1 mutations promote αsyn spread or drive the generation of highly pathogenic αsyn polymorphs (i.e., strains). We tested these hypotheses by treating homozygous GBA1 D409V knockin (KI) mice with human α-syn-preformed fibrils (PFFs) and treating wild-type mice (WT) with several αsyn-PFF polymorphs amplified from brain autopsy samples collected from patients with idiopathic PD and GBA-PD patients with either homozygous or heterozygous GBA1 mutations. Robust phosphorylated-αsyn (PSER129) positive pathology was observed at the injection site (i.e., the olfactory bulb granule cell layer) and throughout the brain six months following PFF injection. The PFF seeding efficiency and degree of spread were similar regardless of the mouse genotype or PFF polymorphs. We found that PFFs amplified from the human brain, regardless of patient genotype, were generally more effective seeders than wholly synthetic PFFs (i.e., non-amplified); however, PFF concentration differed between these two studies, which might also account for the observed differences. To investigate whether the molecular composition of pathology differed between different seeding conditions, we performed Biotinylation by Antibody Recognition on PSER129 (BAR-PSER129). We found that for BAR-PSER129, the endogenous PSER129 pool dominated identified interactions, and thus, very few potential interactions were explicitly identified for seeded pathology. However, we found Dynactin Subunit 2 (Dctn2) interaction was shared across all PFF conditions, and NCK Associated Protein 1 (Nckap1) and Adaptor Related Protein Complex 3 Subunit Beta 2 (Ap3b2) were unique to PFFs amplified from GBA-PD brains of heterozygous mutation carriers. In conclusion, both the genotype and αsyn strain had little effect on overall seeding efficacy and global PSER129-interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Walton
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Alexis Fenyi
- Institut Francois Jacob (MIRCen), CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, Fontenay-Aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - Tyler Tittle
- Graduate College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Gian Pal
- Department of Neurology, Division of Movement Disorders, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Solji Choi
- Graduate College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ronald Melki
- Institut Francois Jacob (MIRCen), CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, Fontenay-Aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | | | - Jeffrey H Kordower
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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Clausen L, Okarmus J, Voutsinos V, Meyer M, Lindorff-Larsen K, Hartmann-Petersen R. PRKN-linked familial Parkinson's disease: cellular and molecular mechanisms of disease-linked variants. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:223. [PMID: 38767677 PMCID: PMC11106057 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common and incurable neurodegenerative disorder that arises from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and is mainly characterized by progressive loss of motor function. Monogenic familial PD is associated with highly penetrant variants in specific genes, notably the PRKN gene, where homozygous or compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants predominate. PRKN encodes Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase important for protein ubiquitination and mitophagy of damaged mitochondria. Accordingly, Parkin plays a central role in mitochondrial quality control but is itself also subject to a strict protein quality control system that rapidly eliminates certain disease-linked Parkin variants. Here, we summarize the cellular and molecular functions of Parkin, highlighting the various mechanisms by which PRKN gene variants result in loss-of-function. We emphasize the importance of high-throughput assays and computational tools for the clinical classification of PRKN gene variants and how detailed insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of PRKN gene variants may impact the development of personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Clausen
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Justyna Okarmus
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vasileios Voutsinos
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Meyer
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, BRIDGE, Brain Research Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kresten Lindorff-Larsen
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Hartmann-Petersen
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Lu IN, Cheung PFY, Heming M, Thomas C, Giglio G, Leo M, Erdemir M, Wirth T, König S, Dambietz CA, Schroeter CB, Nelke C, Siveke JT, Ruck T, Klotz L, Haider C, Höftberger R, Kleinschnitz C, Wiendl H, Hagenacker T, Meyer Zu Horste G. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity within CSF and brain parenchyma in spinal muscular atrophy unaltered by nusinersen treatment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4120. [PMID: 38750052 PMCID: PMC11096380 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
5q-associated spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motoneuron disease caused by mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. Adaptive immunity may contribute to SMA as described in other motoneuron diseases, yet mechanisms remain elusive. Nusinersen, an antisense treatment, enhances SMN2 expression, benefiting SMA patients. Here we have longitudinally investigated SMA and nusinersen effects on local immune responses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - a surrogate of central nervous system parenchyma. Single-cell transcriptomics (SMA: N = 9 versus Control: N = 9) reveal NK cell and CD8+ T cell expansions in untreated SMA CSF, exhibiting activation and degranulation markers. Spatial transcriptomics coupled with multiplex immunohistochemistry elucidate cytotoxicity near chromatolytic motoneurons (N = 4). Post-nusinersen treatment, CSF shows unaltered protein/transcriptional profiles. These findings underscore cytotoxicity's role in SMA pathogenesis and propose it as a therapeutic target. Our study illuminates cell-mediated cytotoxicity as shared features across motoneuron diseases, suggesting broader implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Na Lu
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Phyllis Fung-Yi Cheung
- Spatiotemporal Tumor Heterogeneity, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, DKTK, Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Heming
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Giovanni Giglio
- Spatiotemporal Tumor Heterogeneity, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, DKTK, Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Leo
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Science, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Merve Erdemir
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Science, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Timo Wirth
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christine A Dambietz
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christina B Schroeter
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christopher Nelke
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens T Siveke
- Spatiotemporal Tumor Heterogeneity, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, DKTK, Partner Site Essen, A Partnership Between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Carmen Haider
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Science, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tim Hagenacker
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Science, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Gerd Meyer Zu Horste
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
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8
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Chisholm T, Melki R, Hunter CA. Ligand Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool to Differentiate Patient-Derived α-Synuclein Polymorphs. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2080-2088. [PMID: 38690599 PMCID: PMC11099917 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are characteristic of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. While different diseases may have fibrils formed of the same protein, the supramolecular morphology of these fibrils is disease-specific. Here, a method is reported to distinguish eight morphologically distinct amyloid fibrils based on differences in ligand binding properties. Eight fibrillar polymorphs of α-synuclein (αSyn) were investigated: five generated de novo using recombinant αSyn and three generated using protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) of recombinant αSyn seeded with brain homogenates from deceased patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Fluorescence binding assays were carried out for each fibril using a toolkit of six different ligands. The fibril samples were separated into five categories based on a binary classification of whether they bound specific ligands or not. Quantitative binding measurements then allowed every fibrillar polymorph to be uniquely identified, and the PMCA fibrils derived from PD, MSA, and DLB patients could be unambiguously distinguished. This approach constitutes a novel and operationally simple method to differentiate amyloid fibril morphologies and to identify disease states using PMCA fibrils obtained by seeding with patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy
S. Chisholm
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Ronald Melki
- Institut
François Jacob (MIRCen), CEA, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, 18 Route du Panorama, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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9
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Tapia-Arellano A, Cabrera P, Cortés-Adasme E, Riveros A, Hassan N, Kogan MJ. Tau- and α-synuclein-targeted gold nanoparticles: applications, opportunities, and future outlooks in the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:248. [PMID: 38741193 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials in medicine offers multiple opportunities to address neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. These diseases are a significant burden for society and the health system, affecting millions of people worldwide without sensitive and selective diagnostic methodologies or effective treatments to stop their progression. In this sense, the use of gold nanoparticles is a promising tool due to their unique properties at the nanometric level. They can be functionalized with specific molecules to selectively target pathological proteins such as Tau and α-synuclein for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, respectively. Additionally, these proteins are used as diagnostic biomarkers, wherein gold nanoparticles play a key role in enhancing their signal, even at the low concentrations present in biological samples such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid, thus enabling an early and accurate diagnosis. On the other hand, gold nanoparticles act as drug delivery platforms, bringing therapeutic agents directly into the brain, improving treatment efficiency and precision, and reducing side effects in healthy tissues. However, despite the exciting potential of gold nanoparticles, it is crucial to address the challenges and issues associated with their use in the medical field before they can be widely applied in clinical settings. It is critical to ensure the safety and biocompatibility of these nanomaterials in the context of the central nervous system. Therefore, rigorous preclinical and clinical studies are needed to assess the efficacy and feasibility of these strategies in patients. Since there is scarce and sometimes contradictory literature about their use in this context, the main aim of this review is to discuss and analyze the current state-of-the-art of gold nanoparticles in relation to delivery, diagnosis, and therapy for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as recent research about their use in preclinical, clinical, and emerging research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Tapia-Arellano
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDT), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile.
- Millenium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Pablo Cabrera
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile
| | - Elizabeth Cortés-Adasme
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Riveros
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Hassan
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDT), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile.
- Millenium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Facultad de Cs. Qcas. y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), Santiago, Chile.
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10
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He M, Zhang X, Ran X, Zhang Y, Nie X, Xiao B, Lei L, Zhai S, Zhu J, Zhang J, Li R, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Dai Z, He Z, Feng J, Zhang C. Black Phosphorus Nanosheets Protect Neurons by Degrading Aggregative α-syn and Clearing ROS in Parkinson's Disease. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404576. [PMID: 38696266 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Although evidence indicates that the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra is the main pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), no compounds that have both α-syn antiaggregation and α-syn degradation functions have been successful in treating the disease in the clinic. Here, it is shown that black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) interact directly with α-syn fibrils to trigger their disaggregation for PD treatment. Moreover, BPNSs have a specific affinity for α-syn through van der Waals forces. And BPNSs are found to activate autophagy to maintain α-syn homeostasis, improve mitochondrial dysfunction, reduce reactive oxygen species levels, and rescue neuronal death and synaptic loss in PC12 cells. It is also observed that BPNSs penetrate the blood-brain barrier and protect against dopamine neuron loss, alleviating behavioral disorders in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced mouse model and hA53T α-syn transgenic mice. Together, the study reveals that BPNSs have the potential as a novel integrated nanomedicine for clinical diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina He
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Xiangming Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Xia Ran
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Xiaoran Nie
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Li Lei
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Suzhen Zhai
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - JinMing Zhu
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Rong Li
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Zuoji Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Yuping Zhu
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
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11
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Wongchitrat P, Chanmee T, Govitrapong P. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Neurodegeneration of Neurotropic Viral Infection. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2881-2903. [PMID: 37946006 PMCID: PMC11043213 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) cause variable outcomes from acute to severe neurological sequelae with increased morbidity and mortality. Viral neuroinvasion directly or indirectly induces encephalitis via dysregulation of the immune response and contributes to the alteration of neuronal function and the degeneration of neuronal cells. This review provides an overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of virus-induced neurodegeneration. Neurotropic viral infections influence many aspects of neuronal dysfunction, including promoting chronic inflammation, inducing cellular oxidative stress, impairing mitophagy, encountering mitochondrial dynamics, enhancing metabolic rewiring, altering neurotransmitter systems, and inducing misfolded and aggregated pathological proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases. These pathogenetic mechanisms create a multidimensional injury of the brain that leads to specific neuronal and brain dysfunction. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the neurophathogenesis associated with neurodegeneration of viral infection may emphasize the strategies for prevention, protection, and treatment of virus infection of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapimpun Wongchitrat
- Center for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Theerawut Chanmee
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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12
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Nakamura T, Sugeno N, Hasegawa T, Ikeda K, Yoshida S, Ishiyama S, Sato K, Takeda A, Aoki M. Alpha-synuclein promotes PRMT5-mediated H4R3me2s histone methylation by interacting with the BAF complex. FEBS J 2024; 291:1892-1908. [PMID: 38105619 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (αS) is a key molecule in the pathomechanism of Parkinson's disease. Most studies on αS to date have focused on its function in the neuronal cytosol, but its action in the nucleus has also been postulated. Indeed, several lines of evidence indicate that overexpressed αS leads to epigenomic alterations. To clarify the functional role of αS in the nucleus and its pathological significance, HEK293 cells constitutively expressing αS were used to screen for nuclear proteins that interact with αS by nanoscale liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Interactome analysis of the 229 identified nuclear proteins revealed that αS interacts with the BRG1-associated factor (BAF) complex, a family of multi-subunit chromatin remodelers important for neurodevelopment, and protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5). Subsequent transcriptomic analysis also suggested a functional link between αS and the BAF complex. Based on these results, we analyzed the effect of αS overexpression on the BAF complex in neuronally differentiated SH-SY5Y cells and found that induction of αS disturbed the BAF maturation process, leading to a global increase in symmetric demethylation of histone H4 on arginine 3 (H4R3me2s) via enhanced BAF-PRMT5 interaction. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing confirmed accumulated H4R3me2s methylation near the transcription start site of the neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NRCAM) gene, which has roles during neuronal differentiation. Transcriptional analyses confirmed the negative regulation of NRCAM by αS and PRMT5, which was reconfirmed by multiple datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Taken together, these findings suggest that the enhanced binding of αS to the BAF complex and PRMT5 may cooperatively affect the neuronal differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Nakamura
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Miyagi National Hospital, Watari, Japan
| | - Naoto Sugeno
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hasegawa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kensho Ikeda
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shun Yoshida
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Yonezawa Hospital, Japan
| | - Shun Ishiyama
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sato
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takeda
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Sendai-Nishitaga Hospital, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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13
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Stillman NH, Joseph JA, Ahmed J, Baysah CZ, Dohoney RA, Ball TD, Thomas AG, Fitch TC, Donnelly CM, Kumar S. Protein mimetic 2D FAST rescues alpha synuclein aggregation mediated early and post disease Parkinson's phenotypes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3658. [PMID: 38688913 PMCID: PMC11061149 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Abberent protein-protein interactions potentiate many diseases and one example is the toxic, self-assembly of α-Synuclein in the dopaminergic neurons of patients with Parkinson's disease; therefore, a potential therapeutic strategy is the small molecule modulation of α-Synuclein aggregation. In this work, we develop an Oligopyridylamide based 2-dimensional Fragment-Assisted Structure-based Technique to identify antagonists of α-Synuclein aggregation. The technique utilizes a fragment-based screening of an extensive array of non-proteinogenic side chains in Oligopyridylamides, leading to the identification of NS132 as an antagonist of the multiple facets of α-Synuclein aggregation. We further identify a more cell permeable analog (NS163) without sacrificing activity. Oligopyridylamides rescue α-Synuclein aggregation mediated Parkinson's disease phenotypes in dopaminergic neurons in early and post disease Caenorhabditis elegans models. We forsee tremendous potential in our technique to identify lead therapeutics for Parkinson's disease and other diseases as it is expandable to other oligoamide scaffolds and a larger array of side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H Stillman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, F.W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Johnson A Joseph
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, F.W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Jemil Ahmed
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, Boettcher West, Room 228, 2050 E. Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
| | - Charles Zuwu Baysah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, F.W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Ryan A Dohoney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, F.W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Tyler D Ball
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, F.W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Alexandra G Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, F.W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Tessa C Fitch
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Courtney M Donnelly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, F.W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, F.W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA.
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Suite 579, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208, USA.
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, Boettcher West, Room 228, 2050 E. Iliff Ave, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA.
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14
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Maraldo A, Rnjak-Kovacina J, Marquis C. Tyrosine - a structural glue for hierarchical protein assembly. Trends Biochem Sci 2024:S0968-0004(24)00080-X. [PMID: 38653686 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Protein self-assembly, guided by the interplay of sequence- and environment-dependent liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), constitutes a fundamental process in the assembly of numerous intrinsically disordered proteins. Heuristic examination of these proteins has underscored the role of tyrosine residues, evident in their conservation and pivotal involvement in initiating LLPS and subsequent liquid-solid phase transitions (LSPT). The development of tyrosine-templated constructs, designed to mimic their natural counterparts, emerges as a promising strategy for creating adaptive, self-assembling systems with diverse applications. This review explores the central role of tyrosine in orchestrating protein self-assembly, delving into key interactions and examining its potential in innovative applications, including responsive biomaterials and bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Maraldo
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Christopher Marquis
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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15
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Mahapatra A, Newberry RW. Liquid-liquid phase separation of α-synuclein is highly sensitive to sequence complexity. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4951. [PMID: 38511533 PMCID: PMC10955625 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The Parkinson's-associated protein α-synuclein (α-syn) can undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), which typically leads to the formation of amyloid fibrils. The coincidence of LLPS and amyloid formation has complicated the identification of the molecular determinants unique to LLPS of α-syn. Moreover, the lack of strategies to selectively perturb LLPS makes it difficult to dissect the biological roles specific to α-syn LLPS, independent of fibrillation. Herein, using a combination of subtle missense mutations, we show that LLPS of α-syn is highly sensitive to its sequence complexity. In fact, we find that even a highly conservative mutation (V16I) that increases sequence complexity without perturbing physicochemical and structural properties, is sufficient to reduce LLPS by 75%; this effect can be reversed by an adjacent V-to-I mutation (V15I) that restores the original sequence complexity. A18T, a complexity-enhancing PD-associated mutation, was likewise found to reduce LLPS, implicating sequence complexity in α-syn pathogenicity. Furthermore, leveraging the differences in LLPS propensities among different α-syn variants, we demonstrate that fibrillation of α-syn does not necessarily correlate with its LLPS. In fact, we identify mutations that selectively perturb LLPS or fibrillation of α-syn, unlike previously studied mutations. The variants and design principles reported herein should therefore empower future studies to disentangle these two phenomena and distinguish their (patho)biological roles.
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16
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Jin M, Wang S, Gao X, Zou Z, Hirotsune S, Sun L. Pathological and physiological functional cross-talks of α-synuclein and tau in the central nervous system. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:855-862. [PMID: 37843221 PMCID: PMC10664117 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein and tau are abundant multifunctional brain proteins that are mainly expressed in the presynaptic and axonal compartments of neurons, respectively. Previous works have revealed that intracellular deposition of α-synuclein and/or tau causes many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Despite intense investigation, the normal physiological functions and roles of α-synuclein and tau are still unclear, owing to the fact that mice with knockout of either of these proteins do not present apparent phenotypes. Interestingly, the co-occurrence of α-synuclein and tau aggregates was found in post-mortem brains with synucleinopathies and tauopathies, some of which share similarities in clinical manifestations. Furthermore, the direct interaction of α-synuclein with tau is considered to promote the fibrillization of each of the proteins in vitro and in vivo. On the other hand, our recent findings have revealed that α-synuclein and tau are cooperatively involved in brain development in a stage-dependent manner. These findings indicate strong cross-talk between the two proteins in physiology and pathology. In this review, we provide a summary of the recent findings on the functional roles of α-synuclein and tau in the physiological conditions and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. A deep understanding of the interplay between α-synuclein and tau in physiological and pathological conditions might provide novel targets for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategies to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Jin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Genetic Disease Research, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shengming Wang
- Department of Genetic Disease Research, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xiaodie Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhenyou Zou
- Department of Scientific Research, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shinji Hirotsune
- Department of Genetic Disease Research, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Liyuan Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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17
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Höglinger GU, Adler CH, Berg D, Klein C, Outeiro TF, Poewe W, Postuma R, Stoessl AJ, Lang AE. A biological classification of Parkinson's disease: the SynNeurGe research diagnostic criteria. Lancet Neurol 2024; 23:191-204. [PMID: 38267191 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(23)00404-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
With the hope that disease-modifying treatments could target the molecular basis of Parkinson's disease, even before the onset of symptoms, we propose a biologically based classification. Our classification acknowledges the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease by use of a three-component system (SynNeurGe): presence or absence of pathological α-synuclein (S) in tissues or CSF; evidence of underlying neurodegeneration (N) defined by neuroimaging procedures; and documentation of pathogenic gene variants (G) that cause or strongly predispose to Parkinson's disease. These three components are linked to a clinical component (C), defined either by a single high-specificity clinical feature or by multiple lower-specificity clinical features. The use of a biological classification will enable advances in both basic and clinical research, and move the field closer to the precision medicine required to develop disease-modifying therapies. We emphasise the initial application of these criteria exclusively for research. We acknowledge its ethical implications, its limitations, and the need for prospective validation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter U Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Charles H Adler
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Daniela Berg
- Christian Albrechts University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lüebeck, Germany
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Werner Poewe
- Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ronald Postuma
- Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Jon Stoessl
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- University Health Network's Krembil Brain Institute, Edmond J Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Rossy PSP Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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18
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Serravalle S, Pisano M, Sciacca MFM, Salamone N, Sicali L, Mazzara G, Costa L, La Rosa C. Critical micellar concentration determination of pure phospholipids and lipid-raft and their mixtures with cholesterol. Proteins 2024. [PMID: 38234101 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipids in biological membranes establish a chemical equilibrium between free phospholipids in the aqueous phase (CMC) and self-assembled phospholipids in vesicles, keeping the CMC constant. The CMC is different for each phospholipid, depends on the amount of cholesterol, and, according to the lipid-chaperone hypothesis, controls the interaction between free phospholipids and amyloidogenic proteins (such as amylin, amyloid-β, and α-synuclein, all of which are, respectively, associated with a different proteinopathy), which governs the formation of a toxic complex between free lipids and proteins that leads to membrane destruction. Here, we provide quantitative measurements of CMCs and bilayer stability of pure phospholipids, lipid rafts, and their mixture with cholesterol by fluorescence methods (using pyrene as a probe) and light scattering techniques (resonance Rayleigh scattering and fixed-angle light scattering) performed on LUVs, as well as AFM to measure LUV dimensions. Also, we test the lipid-chaperone hypothesis on human IAPP interacting with different mixture of POPC cholesterol. Stated the importance of CMC in membrane stability and protein aggregation processes, these results could be a starting point for the development of a quantitative kinetic model for the lipid chaperone hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Serravalle
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Pisano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Michele F M Sciacca
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Catania, Italy
| | - Nancy Salamone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luciano Sicali
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzara
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Costa
- Centre de Biologie Structurale, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Carmelo La Rosa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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19
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Werner MH, Olanow CW, McGarry A, Meyer C, Kruger S, Klint C, Pellecchia J, Walaker S, Ereshefsky L, Blob L, Hassman H, Rodriguez C, Samara E, Safirstein B, Ellenbogen A. A Phase I, Randomized, SAD, MAD, and PK Study of Risvodetinib in Older Adults and Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:325-334. [PMID: 38251063 PMCID: PMC10977428 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Pre-clinical studies suggest that c-Abl activation may play an important role in the etiology of Parkinson's disease, making c-Abl an important target to evaluate for potential disease-modification. Objective To assess safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of the c-Abl inhibitor risvodetinib (IkT-148009) in healthy subjects and participants with Parkinson's disease. Methods Part 1 (single ascending dose (SAD)) and Part 2 (7-day multiple ascending dose (MAD)) studies were in healthy volunteers. Participants were randomized 3 : 1 across 9 SAD doses and 3 MAD doses of risvodetinib (IkT-148009) or placebo. Part 3 was a MAD study conducted at two doses in 14 participants with mild-to-moderate PD (MAD-PD). Primary outcome measures were safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics. Exploratory outcomes in PD participants included clinical measures of PD state, GI function, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration. Results 108 patients were treated with no dropouts. The SAD tested doses ranging from 12.5 to 325 mg, while the MAD tested 25 to 200 mg and MAD-PD tested 50 to 100 mg in Parkinson's participants. All active doses had a favorable safety profile with no clinically meaningful adverse events. Single dose pharmacokinetics were approximately linear between 12.5 mg and 200 mg for both Cmax and AUC0 - inf without distinction between healthy volunteers and participants with PD. Exposures at each dose were high relative to other drugs in the same kinase inhibitor class. Conclusions Risvodetinib (IkT-148009) was well tolerated, had a favorable safety and pharmacology profile over 7-day dosing, did not induce serious adverse events and did not appear to induce deleterious side-effects in participants administered anti-PD medications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Warren Olanow
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Clintrex Research Corporation, Sarasota, FL, USA
| | - Andrew McGarry
- Clintrex Research Corporation, Sarasota, FL, USA
- Cooper Medical School at Rowan University/Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Carl Klint
- Inhibikase Therapeutics, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Larry Ereshefsky
- Follow the Molecule, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
- CenExcel, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lawrence Blob
- Cognitive Research Institute, St. Petersberg, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Emil Samara
- PharmaPolaris International, Inc., Danville, CA, USA
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20
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Chandrasekhar G, Srinivasan E, Nandhini S, Pravallika G, Sanjay G, Rajasekaran R. Computer aided therapeutic tripeptide design, in alleviating the pathogenic proclivities of nocuous α-synuclein fibrils. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:483-494. [PMID: 36961221 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2194003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disorder (PD) exacerbates neuronal degeneration of motor nerves, thereby effectuating uncoordinated movements and tremors. Aberrant alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is culpable of triggering PD, wherein cytotoxic amyloid aggregates of α-syn get deposited in motor neurons to instigate neuro-degeneration. Amyloid aggregates, typically rich in beta sheets are cardinal targets to mitigate their neurotoxic effects. In this analysis, owing to their interaction specificity, we formulated an efficacious tripeptide out of the aggregation-prone region of α-syn protein. With the help of a proficient computational pipeline, systematic peptide shortening and an adept molecular simulation platform, we formulated a tripeptide, VAV from α-syn structure based hexapeptide KISVRV. Indeed, the VAV tripeptide was able to effectively mitigate the α-syn amyloid fibrils' dynamic rate of beta-sheet formation. Additional trajectory analyses of the VAV- α-syn complex indicated that, upon its dynamic interaction, VAV efficiently altered the distinct pathogenic structural dynamics of α-syn, further advocating its potential in alleviating aberrant α-syn's amyloidogenic proclivities. Consistent findings from various computational analyses have led us to surmise that VAV could potentially re-alter the pathogenic conformational orientation of α-syn, essential to mitigate its cytotoxicity. Hence, VAV tripeptide could be an efficacious therapeutic candidate to efficiently ameliorate aberrant α-syn amyloid mediated neurotoxicity, eventually attenuating the nocuous effects of PD.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chandrasekhar
- Quantitative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT, Deemed to Be University), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - E Srinivasan
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Nandhini
- Quantitative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT, Deemed to Be University), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Pravallika
- Quantitative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT, Deemed to Be University), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Sanjay
- Quantitative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT, Deemed to Be University), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Rajasekaran
- Quantitative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT, Deemed to Be University), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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21
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Sharma A, Shah OP, Sharma L, Gulati M, Behl T, Khalid A, Mohan S, Najmi A, Zoghebi K. Molecular Chaperones as Therapeutic Target: Hallmark of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03846-2. [PMID: 38127187 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Misfolded and aggregated proteins build up in neurodegenerative illnesses, which causes neuronal dysfunction and ultimately neuronal death. In the last few years, there has been a significant upsurge in the level of interest towards the function of molecular chaperones in the control of misfolding and aggregation. The crucial molecular chaperones implicated in neurodegenerative illnesses are covered in this review article, along with a variety of their different methods of action. By aiding in protein folding, avoiding misfolding, and enabling protein breakdown, molecular chaperones serve critical roles in preserving protein homeostasis. By aiding in protein folding, avoiding misfolding, and enabling protein breakdown, molecular chaperones have integral roles in preserving regulation of protein balance. It has been demonstrated that aging, a significant risk factor for neurological disorders, affects how molecular chaperones function. The aggregation of misfolded proteins and the development of neurodegeneration may be facilitated by the aging-related reduction in chaperone activity. Molecular chaperones have also been linked to the pathophysiology of several instances of neuron withering illnesses, enumerating as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Molecular chaperones have become potential therapy targets concerning with the prevention and therapeutic approach for brain disorders due to their crucial function in protein homeostasis and their connection to neurodegenerative illnesses. Protein homeostasis can be restored, and illness progression can be slowed down by methods that increase chaperone function or modify their expression. This review emphasizes the importance of molecular chaperones in the context of neuron withering disorders and their potential as therapeutic targets for brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Om Prakash Shah
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Lalit Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 1444411, India
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 20227, Australia
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab, India, Amity University, Mohali, India.
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 2424, 11111, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia.
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Asim Najmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Zoghebi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Perego E, Zappone S, Castagnetti F, Mariani D, Vitiello E, Rupert J, Zacco E, Tartaglia GG, Bozzoni I, Slenders E, Vicidomini G. Single-photon microscopy to study biomolecular condensates. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8224. [PMID: 38086853 PMCID: PMC10716487 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43969-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates serve as membrane-less compartments within cells, concentrating proteins and nucleic acids to facilitate precise spatial and temporal orchestration of various biological processes. The diversity of these processes and the substantial variability in condensate characteristics present a formidable challenge for quantifying their molecular dynamics, surpassing the capabilities of conventional microscopy. Here, we show that our single-photon microscope provides a comprehensive live-cell spectroscopy and imaging framework for investigating biomolecular condensation. Leveraging a single-photon detector array, single-photon microscopy enhances the potential of quantitative confocal microscopy by providing access to fluorescence signals at the single-photon level. Our platform incorporates photon spatiotemporal tagging, which allowed us to perform time-lapse super-resolved imaging for molecular sub-diffraction environment organization with simultaneous monitoring of molecular mobility, interactions, and nano-environment properties through fluorescence lifetime fluctuation spectroscopy. This integrated correlative study reveals the dynamics and interactions of RNA-binding proteins involved in forming stress granules, a specific type of biomolecular condensates, across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Our versatile framework opens up avenues for exploring a broad spectrum of biomolecular processes beyond the formation of membrane-less organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Perego
- Molecular Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Zappone
- Molecular Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Informatica, Bioingegneria, Robotica e Ingegneria dei Sistemi, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Castagnetti
- Non coding RNAs in Physiology and Pathology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Davide Mariani
- Non coding RNAs in Physiology and Pathology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Vitiello
- Non coding RNAs in Physiology and Pathology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jakob Rupert
- RNA Systems Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'C. Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elsa Zacco
- RNA Systems Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- RNA Systems Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'C. Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Bozzoni
- Non coding RNAs in Physiology and Pathology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'C. Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eli Slenders
- Molecular Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vicidomini
- Molecular Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy.
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23
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Gong C, Yang X, Tang SJ, Zhang QQ, Wang Y, Liu YL, Chen YC, Peng GD, Fan X, Xiao YF, Rao YJ, Gong Y. Submonolayer biolasers for ultrasensitive biomarker detection. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:292. [PMID: 38052775 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomarker detection is key to identifying health risks. However, designing sensitive and single-use biosensors for early diagnosis remains a major challenge. Here, we report submonolayer lasers on optical fibers as ultrasensitive and disposable biosensors. Telecom optical fibers serve as distributed optical microcavities with high Q-factor, great repeatability, and ultralow cost, which enables whispering-gallery laser emission to detect biomarkers. It is found that the sensing performance strongly depends on the number of gain molecules. The submonolayer lasers obtained a six-order-of-magnitude improvement in the lower limit of detection (LOD) when compared to saturated monolayer lasers. We further achieve an ultrasensitive immunoassay for a Parkinson's disease biomarker, alpha-synuclein (α-syn), with a lower LOD of 0.32 pM in serum, which is three orders of magnitude lower than the α-syn concentration in the serum of Parkinson's disease patients. Our demonstration of submonolayer biolaser offers great potentials in high-throughput clinical diagnosis with ultimate sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education of China), School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shui-Jing Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Yanqiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Yi-Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gang-Ding Peng
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yun-Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Yun-Jiang Rao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.
- Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
| | - Yuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education of China), School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.
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24
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Maurer M, Lazaridis T. Transmembrane β-Barrel Models of α-Synuclein Oligomers. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:7171-7179. [PMID: 37963823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of α-synuclein is implicated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Multiple System Atrophy, but the role of these aggregates in disease development is not clear. One possible mechanism of cytotoxicity is the disturbance or permeabilization of cell membranes by certain types of oligomers. However, no high-resolution structure of such membrane-embedded complexes has ever been determined. Here we construct and evaluate putative transmembrane β-barrels formed by this protein. Examination of the α-synuclein sequence reveals two regions that could form membrane-embedded β-hairpins: 64-92 (the NAC), and 35-56, which harbors many familial Parkinson's mutations. The stability of β-barrels formed by these hairpins is examined first in implicit membrane pores and then by multimicrosecond all-atom simulations. We find that a NAC region barrel remains stably inserted and hydrated for at least 10 μs. A 35-56 barrel remains stably inserted in the membrane but dehydrates and collapses if all His50 are neutral or if His50 is replaced by Q. If half of the His50 are doubly protonated, the barrel takes an oval shape but remains hydrated for at least 10 μs. Possible implications of these findings for α-synuclein pathology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Maurer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, City College of New York/CUNY, 160 Convent Ave, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Themis Lazaridis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, City College of New York/CUNY, 160 Convent Ave, New York, New York 10031, United States
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25
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Bai Y, Zhang S, Dong H, Liu Y, Liu C, Zhang X. Advanced Techniques for Detecting Protein Misfolding and Aggregation in Cellular Environments. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12254-12311. [PMID: 37874548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation, a key contributor to the progression of numerous neurodegenerative diseases, results in functional deficiencies and the creation of harmful intermediates. Detailed visualization of this misfolding process is of paramount importance for improving our understanding of disease mechanisms and for the development of potential therapeutic strategies. While in vitro studies using purified proteins have been instrumental in delivering significant insights into protein misfolding, the behavior of these proteins in the complex milieu of living cells often diverges significantly from such simplified environments. Biomedical imaging performed in cell provides cellular-level information with high physiological and pathological relevance, often surpassing the depth of information attainable through in vitro methods. This review highlights a variety of methodologies used to scrutinize protein misfolding within biological systems. This includes optical-based methods, strategies leaning on mass spectrometry, in-cell nuclear magnetic resonance, and cryo-electron microscopy. Recent advancements in these techniques have notably deepened our understanding of protein misfolding processes and the features of the resulting misfolded species within living cells. The progression in these fields promises to catalyze further breakthroughs in our comprehension of neurodegenerative disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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26
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Mahapatra A, Newberry RW. Liquid-liquid phase separation of α-synuclein is highly sensitive to sequence complexity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.03.551831. [PMID: 37577712 PMCID: PMC10418173 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.03.551831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The Parkinson's-associated protein α-synuclein (α-syn) can undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), which typically leads to the formation of amyloid fibrils. The coincidence of LLPS and amyloid formation has complicated the identification of the molecular determinants unique to LLPS of α-syn. Moreover, the lack of strategies to selectively perturb LLPS makes it difficult to dissect the biological roles specific to α-syn LLPS, independent of fibrillation. Herein, using a combination of subtle missense mutations, we show that LLPS of α-syn is highly sensitive to its sequence complexity. In fact, we find that even a highly conservative mutation (V16I) that increases sequence complexity without perturbing physicochemical and structural properties, is sufficient to reduce LLPS by 75%; this effect can be reversed by an adjacent V-to-I mutation (V15I) that restores the original sequence complexity. A18T, a complexity-enhancing PD-associated mutation, was likewise found to reduce LLPS, implicating sequence complexity in α-syn pathogenicity. Furthermore, leveraging the differences in LLPS propensities among different α-syn variants, we demonstrate that fibrillation of α-syn does not necessarily correlate with its LLPS. In fact, we identify mutations that selectively perturb LLPS or fibrillation of α-syn, unlike previously studied mutations. The variants and design principles reported herein should therefore empower future studies to disentangle these two phenomena and distinguish their (patho)biological roles.
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27
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Lai Y, Zhao C, Tian Z, Wang C, Fan J, Hu X, Tu J, Li T, Leitz J, Pfuetzner RA, Liu Z, Zhang S, Su Z, Burré J, Li D, Südhof TC, Zhu ZJ, Liu C, Brunger AT, Diao J. Neutral lysophosphatidylcholine mediates α-synuclein-induced synaptic vesicle clustering. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310174120. [PMID: 37883437 PMCID: PMC10622907 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310174120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
α-synuclein (α-Syn) is a presynaptic protein that is involved in Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases and binds to negatively charged phospholipids. Previously, we reported that α-Syn clusters synthetic proteoliposomes that mimic synaptic vesicles. This vesicle-clustering activity depends on a specific interaction of α-Syn with anionic phospholipids. Here, we report that α-Syn surprisingly also interacts with the neutral phospholipid lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC). Even in the absence of anionic lipids, lysoPC facilitates α-Syn-induced vesicle clustering but has no effect on Ca2+-triggered fusion in a single vesicle-vesicle fusion assay. The A30P mutant of α-Syn that causes familial Parkinson disease has a reduced affinity to lysoPC and does not induce vesicle clustering. Taken together, the α-Syn-lysoPC interaction may play a role in α-Syn function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610065, China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Chunyu Zhao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Zhiqi Tian
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH45267
| | - Chuchu Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Jiaqi Fan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610065, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH45267
| | - Jia Tu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Tihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Cryo-electron Microscopy Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610065, China
| | - Jeremy Leitz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Richard A. Pfuetzner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Zhengtao Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Zhaoming Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Cryo-electron Microscopy Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610065, China
| | - Jacqueline Burré
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10021
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200230, China
| | - Thomas C. Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
- HHMI, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Zheng-Jiang Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Axel T. Brunger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
- HHMI, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94305
| | - Jiajie Diao
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH45267
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Mattoli MV, Cocciolillo F, Chiacchiaretta P, Dotta F, Trevisi G, Carrarini C, Thomas A, Sensi S, Pizzi AD, Nicola ADD, Crosta AD, Mammarella N, Padovani A, Pilotto A, Moda F, Tiraboschi P, Martino G, Bonanni L. Combined 18F-FDG PET-CT markers in dementia with Lewy bodies. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12515. [PMID: 38145190 PMCID: PMC10746864 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 18F-Fluoro-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is a supportive biomarker in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) diagnosis and its advanced analysis methods, including radiomics and machine learning (ML), were developed recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the FDG-PET diagnostic performance in predicting a DLB versus Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. METHODS FDG-PET scans were visually and semi-quantitatively analyzed in 61 patients. Radiomics and ML analyses were performed, building five ML models: (1) clinical features; (2) visual and semi-quantitative PET features; (3) radiomic features; (4) all PET features; and (5) overall features. RESULTS At follow-up, 34 patients had DLB and 27 had AD. At visual analysis, DLB PET signs were significantly more frequent in DLB, having the highest diagnostic accuracy (86.9%). At semi-quantitative analysis, the right precuneus, superior parietal, lateral occipital, and primary visual cortices showed significantly reduced uptake in DLB. The ML model 2 had the highest diagnostic accuracy (84.3%). DISCUSSION FDG-PET is a valuable tool in DLB diagnosis, having visual and semi-quantitative analyses with the highest diagnostic accuracy at ML analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Mattoli
- Department of NeuroscienceImaging and Clinical SciencesUniversity G. d'Annunzio of Chieti‐PescaraChietiItaly
- Nuclear Medicine UnitPresidio Ospedaliero Santo SpiritoPescaraItaly
| | - Fabrizio Cocciolillo
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed EmatologiaUOC di Medicina Nucleare, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Piero Chiacchiaretta
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and DentistryUniversity G. d'Annunzio of Chieti – PescaraChietiItaly
- Advanced Computing Core, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology ‐ C.A.S.TUniversity G. d'Annunzio of Chieti – PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and DentistryUniversity G. d'Annunzio of Chieti – PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Gianluca Trevisi
- Department of NeuroscienceImaging and Clinical SciencesUniversity G. d'Annunzio of Chieti‐PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Claudia Carrarini
- Department of NeuroscienceCatholic University of Sacred HeartRomeItaly
- IRCCS San RaffaeleRomeItaly
| | - Astrid Thomas
- Department of NeuroscienceImaging and Clinical SciencesUniversity G. d'Annunzio of Chieti‐PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Stefano Sensi
- Department of NeuroscienceImaging and Clinical SciencesUniversity G. d'Annunzio of Chieti‐PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Andrea Delli Pizzi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and DentistryUniversity G. d'Annunzio of Chieti – PescaraChietiItaly
| | | | - Adolfo Di Crosta
- Department of Psychological ScienceHumanities and TerritoryUniversity “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti‐PescaraChietiItaly
- Department of Medicine and Aging SciencesUniversity G d'Annunzio of Chieti‐PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological ScienceHumanities and TerritoryUniversity “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti‐PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Andrea Pilotto
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation CentreFERB ONLUS‐S. Isidoro HospitalTrescore BalnearioBergamoItaly
| | - Fabio Moda
- Division of Neurology 5 and NeuropathologyFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Pietro Tiraboschi
- Division of Neurology 5 and NeuropathologyFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Gianluigi Martino
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Nuclear Medicine UniteSS. Annunziata HospitalVia dei Vestini 31ChietiItaly
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Medicine and Aging SciencesUniversity G d'Annunzio of Chieti‐PescaraChietiItaly
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29
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Galesic A, Pan B, Ramirez J, Rhoades E, Pratt MR, Petersson EJ. Combining non-canonical amino acid mutagenesis and native chemical ligation for multiply modifying proteins: A case study of α-synuclein post-translational modifications. Methods 2023; 218:101-109. [PMID: 37549799 PMCID: PMC10657485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Parkinson's disease associated protein α-synuclein (αS) has been found to contain numerous post-translational modifications (PTMs), in both physiological and pathological states. One PTM site of particular interest is serine 87, which is subject to both O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (gS) modification and phosphorylation (pS), with αS-pS87 enriched in Parkinson's disease. An often-overlooked aspect of these PTMs is their effect on the membrane-binding properties of αS, which are important to its role in regulating neurotransmitter release. Here, we show how one can study these effects by synthesizing αS constructs containing authentic PTMs and labels for single molecule fluorescence correlation spectroscopy measurements. We synthesize αS-gS87 and αS-pS87 by combining native chemical ligation with genetic code expansion approaches. We introduce the fluorophore by a click reaction with a non-canonical amino acid. Beyond the specific problem of PTM effects on αS, our studies highlight the value of this combination of methods for multiply modifying proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Galesic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Buyan Pan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Pennsylvania; 231 South 34th Street; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer Ramirez
- Graduate Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rhoades
- Department of Chemistry; University of Pennsylvania; 231 South 34th Street; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew R. Pratt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - E. James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Pennsylvania; 231 South 34th Street; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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30
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Taneva SG, Todinova S, Andreeva T. Morphometric and Nanomechanical Screening of Peripheral Blood Cells with Atomic Force Microscopy for Label-Free Assessment of Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14296. [PMID: 37762599 PMCID: PMC10531602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are complex, multifactorial disorders with significant social and economic impact in today's society. NDDs are predicted to become the second-most common cause of death in the next few decades due to an increase in life expectancy but also to a lack of early diagnosis and mainly symptomatic treatment. Despite recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, there are yet no reliable biomarkers identifying the complex pathways contributing to these pathologies. The development of new approaches for early diagnosis and new therapies, together with the identification of non-invasive and more cost-effective diagnostic biomarkers, is one of the main trends in NDD biomedical research. Here we summarize data on peripheral biomarkers, biofluids (cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma), and peripheral blood cells (platelets (PLTs) and red blood cells (RBCs)), reported so far for the three most common NDDs-Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). PLTs and RBCs, beyond their primary physiological functions, are increasingly recognized as valuable sources of biomarkers for NDDs. Special attention is given to the morphological and nanomechanical signatures of PLTs and RBCs as biophysical markers for the three pathologies. Modifications of the surface nanostructure and morphometric and nanomechanical signatures of PLTs and RBCs from patients with AD, PD, and ALS have been revealed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM is currently experiencing rapid and widespread adoption in biomedicine and clinical medicine, in particular for early diagnostics of various medical conditions. AFM is a unique instrument without an analog, allowing the generation of three-dimensional cell images with extremely high spatial resolution at near-atomic scale, which are complemented by insights into the mechanical properties of cells and subcellular structures. Data demonstrate that AFM can distinguish between the three pathologies and the normal, healthy state. The specific PLT and RBC signatures can serve as biomarkers in combination with the currently used diagnostic tools. We highlight the strong correlation of the morphological and nanomechanical signatures between RBCs and PLTs in PD, ALS, and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefka G. Taneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Svetla Todinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Tonya Andreeva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.T.); (T.A.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstraße 150, D-72762 Reutlingen, Germany
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31
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Yan J, Zhang H, Tomochika Y, Chen B, Ping Y, Islam MS, Aramaki S, Sato T, Nagashima Y, Nakamura T, Kahyo T, Kaneda D, Ogawa K, Yoshida M, Setou M. UBL3 Interaction with α-Synuclein Is Downregulated by Silencing MGST3. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2491. [PMID: 37760932 PMCID: PMC10648775 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-like 3 (UBL3) is a membrane-anchored protein that plays a crucial role in sorting proteins into small extracellular vesicles. Aggregations of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) are associated with the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Recently, the interaction between UBL3 and α-syn was discovered, with potential implications in clearing excess α-syn from neurons and its role in disease spread. However, the regulator that can mediate the interaction between UBL3 and α-syn remains unclear. In this study, using the split gaussian luciferase complementation assay and RNA interference technology, we identified that QSOX2, HTATIP2, UBE3C, MGST3, NSF, HECTD1, SAE1, and ATG3 were involved in downregulating the interaction between UBL3 and α-syn. Notably, silencing MGST3 had the most significant impact. Immunocytochemistry staining confirmed the impact of MGST3 silencing on the co-localization of UBL3 and α-syn in cells. MGST3 is a part of the antioxidant system, and silencing MGST3 is believed to contribute to oxidative stress. We induced oxidative stress with hydrogen peroxide, observing its effect on the UBL3-α-syn interaction, and showing that 800 µM of H2O2 downregulated this interaction. In conclusion, silencing MGST3 downregulates the interaction between UBL3 and α-syn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hengsen Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuna Tomochika
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yashuang Ping
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Md. Shoriful Islam
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shuhei Aramaki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomohito Sato
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- International Mass Imaging Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yu Nagashima
- Institute for Medical Photonics Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kahyo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- International Mass Imaging Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Daita Kaneda
- Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, Yamanaka-19-14 Noyoricho, Toyohashi 441-8124, Japan
| | - Kenji Ogawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epizootiology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshida
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- International Mass Imaging Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Systems Molecular Anatomy, Institute for Medical Photonics Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics, Education & Research Center, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
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32
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Piotrowski SL, Tucker A, Jacobson S. The elusive role of herpesviruses in Alzheimer's disease: current evidence and future directions. NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS 2023; 2:253-266. [PMID: 38013835 PMCID: PMC10474380 DOI: 10.1515/nipt-2023-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. While pathologic hallmarks, such as extracellular beta-amyloid plaques, are well-characterized in affected individuals, the pathogenesis that causes plaque formation and eventual cognitive decline is not well understood. A recent resurgence of the decades-old "infectious hypothesis" has garnered increased attention on the potential role that microbes may play in AD. In this theory, it is thought that pathogens such as viruses may act as seeds for beta-amyloid aggregation, ultimately leading to plaques. Interest in the infectious hypothesis has also spurred further investigation into additional characteristics of viral infection that may play a role in AD progression, such as neuroinflammation, latency, and viral DNA integration. While a flurry of research in this area has been recently published, with herpesviruses being of particular interest, the role of pathogens in AD remains controversial. In this review, the insights gained thus far into the possible role of herpesviruses in AD are summarized. The challenges and potential future directions of herpesvirus research in AD and dementia are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L. Piotrowski
- Viral Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Scientist Training Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Allison Tucker
- Viral Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven Jacobson
- Viral Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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33
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Walton S, Fenyi A, Tittle T, Sidransky E, Pal G, Choi S, Melki R, Killinger BA, Kordower JH. Neither alpha-synuclein-preformed fibrils derived from patients with GBA1 mutations nor the host murine genotype significantly influence seeding efficacy in the mouse olfactory bulb. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554646. [PMID: 37662402 PMCID: PMC10473741 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor symptoms and alpha-synuclein (αsyn) aggregation in the nervous system. For unclear reasons, PD patients with certain GBA mutations (GBA-PD) have a more aggressive clinical progression. Two testable hypotheses that can potentially account for this phenomenon are that GBA1 mutations promote αsyn spread or drive the generation of highly pathogenic αsyn polymorphs (i.e., strains). We tested these hypotheses by treating homozygous GBA1 D409V knockin (KI) mice with human α-syn-preformed fibrils (PFFs) and treating wild-type mice (WT) with several αsyn-PFF polymorphs amplified from brain autopsy samples collected from patients with idiopathic PD and GBA-PD patients with either homozygous or heterozygous GBA1 mutations. Robust phosphorylated-αsyn (PSER129) positive pathology was observed at the injection site (i.e., the olfactory bulb granular layer) and throughout the brain six months following PFF injection. The PFF seeding efficiency and degree of spread were similar regardless of the mouse genotype or PFF polymorphs. We found that PFFs amplified from the human brain, regardless of patient genotype, were generally more effective seeders than wholly synthetic PFFs (i.e., non-amplified); however, PFF concentration differed between these two studies, and this might also account for the observed differences. To investigate whether the molecular composition of pathology differed between different seeding conditions, we permed Biotinylation by Antibody Recognition on PSER129 (BAR-PSER129). We found that for BAR-PSER129, the endogenous PSER129 pool dominated identified interactions, and thus, very few potential interactions were explicitly identified for seeded pathology. However, we found Dctn2 interaction was shared across all PFF conditions, and Nckap1 and Ap3b2 were unique to PFFs amplified from GBA-PD brains of heterozygous mutation carriers. In conclusion, both the genotype and αsyn strain had little effect on overall seeding efficacy and global PSER129-interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Walton
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Alexis Fenyi
- Institut Francois Jacob (MIRCen), CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, Fontenay-Aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - Tyler Tittle
- Graduate College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gian Pal
- Department of Neurology, Division of Movement Disorders, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Solji Choi
- Graduate College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Ronald Melki
- Institut Francois Jacob (MIRCen), CEA and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS, Fontenay-Aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - Bryan A Killinger
- Graduate College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Jeffrey H Kordower
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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34
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Ramesh S, Arachchige ASPM. Depletion of dopamine in Parkinson's disease and relevant therapeutic options: A review of the literature. AIMS Neurosci 2023; 10:200-231. [PMID: 37841347 PMCID: PMC10567584 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2023017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor and cognition functions. The etiology of Parkinson's disease remains largely unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a role. The neurotransmitter dopamine is implicated in regulating movement, motivation, memory, and other physiological processes. In individuals with Parkinson's disease, the loss of dopaminergic neurons leads to a reduction in dopamine levels, which causes motor impairment and may also contribute to the cognitive deficits observed in some patients. Therefore, it is important to understand the pathophysiology that leads to the loss of dopaminergic neurons, along with reliable biomarkers that may help distinguish PD from other conditions, monitor its progression, or indicate a positive response to a therapeutic intervention. Important advances in the treatment, etiology, and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease have been made in the past 50 years. Therefore, this review tries to explain the different possible mechanisms behind the depletion of dopamine in PD patients such as alpha-synuclein abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) toxicity, along with the current therapies we have and the ones that are in development. The clinical aspect of Parkinson's disease such as the manifestation of both motor and non-motor symptoms, and the differential diagnosis with similar neurodegenerative disease are also discussed.
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35
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Price DL, Khan A, Angers R, Cardenas A, Prato MK, Bani M, Bonhaus DW, Citron M, Biere AL. In vivo effects of the alpha-synuclein misfolding inhibitor minzasolmin supports clinical development in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:114. [PMID: 37460603 PMCID: PMC10352257 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct targeting of alpha-synuclein (ASYN) has emerged as a disease-modifying strategy for Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies which is being approached using both small molecule compounds and ASYN-targeted biologics. Minzasolmin (UCB0599) is an orally bioavailable and brain-penetrant small molecule ASYN misfolding inhibitor in clinical development as a disease-modifying therapeutic for Parkinson's disease. Herein the results of preclinical evaluations of minzasolmin that formed the basis for subsequent clinical development are described. Pharmacokinetic evaluations of intraperitoneal 1 and 5 mg/kg minzasolmin in wildtype mice revealed parallel and dose-proportional exposures in brain and plasma. Three-month administration studies in the Line 61 transgenic mouse model of PD were conducted to measure ASYN pathology and other PD-relevant endpoints including markers of CNS inflammation, striatal DAT labeling and gait. Reductions in ASYN pathology were correlated with improved aspects of gait and balance, reductions in CNS inflammation marker abundance, and normalized striatal DAT levels. These findings provide support for human dose determinations and have informed the translational strategy for clinical trial design and biomarker selection for the ongoing clinical studies of minzasolmin in patients living with early-stage Parkinson's disease (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04658186; EudraCT Number 2020-003265).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asma Khan
- Neuropore Therapies, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
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Jain MK, Bhat R. Modulation of the conformation, fibrillation, and fibril morphologies of human brain α-, β-, and γ-syn proteins by the disaccharide chemical chaperone trehalose. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2023:140932. [PMID: 37433401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2023.140932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Human α-, β-, and γ-synuclein (syn) are natively unfolded proteins present in the brain. Deposition of aggregated α-syn in Lewy bodies is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and γ-syn is known to be involved in both neurodegeneration and breast cancer. At physiological pH, while α-syn has the highest propensity for fibrillation followed by γ-syn, β-syn does not form any fibrils. Fibril formation in these proteins could be modulated by protein structure stabilizing osmolytes such as trehalose which has an exceptional stabilizing effect for globular proteins. We present a comprehensive study of the effect of trehalose on the conformation, aggregation, and fibril morphology of α-, β-, and γ-syn proteins. Rather than stabilizing the intrinsically disordered state of the synucleins, trehalose accelerates the rate of fibril formation by forming aggregation-competent partially folded intermediate structures. Fibril morphologies are also strongly dependent on the concentration of trehalose with ≤ 0.4M favoring the formation of mature fibrils in α-, and γ-syn with no effect on the fibrillation of β-syn. At ≥ 0.8M, trehalose promotes the formation of smaller aggregates that are more cytotoxic. Live cell imaging of preformed aggregates of a labeled A90C α-syn shows their rapid internalization into neural cells which could be useful in reducing the load of aggregated species of α-syn. The findings throw light on the differential effect of trehalose on the conformation and aggregation of disordered synuclein proteins with respect to globular proteins and could help in understanding the effect of osmolytes on intrinsically disordered proteins under cellular stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish K Jain
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rajiv Bhat
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India.
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Cho E, Woo Y, Suh Y, Suh BK, Kim SJ, Nhung TTM, Yoo JY, Nghi TD, Lee SB, Mun DJ, Park SK. Ratiometric measurement of MAM Ca 2+ dynamics using a modified CalfluxVTN. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3586. [PMID: 37328454 PMCID: PMC10276021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39343-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) is a structure where these calcium-regulating organelles form close physical contact sites for efficient Ca2+ crosstalk. Despite the central importance of MAM Ca2+ dynamics in diverse biological processes, directly and specifically measuring Ca2+ concentrations inside MAM is technically challenging. Here, we develop MAM-Calflux, a MAM-specific BRET-based Ca2+ indicator. The successful application of the bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) concept highlights Ca2+-responsive BRET signals in MAM. The BiFC strategy imparts dual functionality as a Ca2+ indicator and quantitative structural marker specific for MAM. As a ratiometric Ca2+ indicator, MAM-Calflux estimates steady-state MAM Ca2+ levels. Finally, it enables the visualization of uneven intracellular distribution of MAM Ca2+ and the elucidation of abnormally accumulated MAM Ca2+ from the neurons of Parkinson's disease mouse model in both steady-state and stimulated conditions. Therefore, we propose that MAM-Calflux can be a versatile tool for ratiometrically measuring dynamic inter-organellar Ca2+ communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbyul Cho
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsik Woo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeongjun Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyoung Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Truong Thi My Nhung
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yeong Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran Diem Nghi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Been Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Mun
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Avni A, Joshi A, Mukhopadhyay S. Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Vibrational Raman Spectroscopy Distinguishes Distinct Amyloid Polymorphs Comprising Altered Core Architecture. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:5592-5601. [PMID: 37307286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are ordered protein aggregates comprising a hydrogen-bonded central cross-β core displaying a structural diversity in their supramolecular packing arrangements within the core. Such an altered packing results in amyloid polymorphism that gives rise to morphological and biological strain diversities. Here, we show that vibrational Raman spectroscopy coupled with hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange discerns the key structural features that are responsible for yielding diverse amyloid polymorphs. Such a noninvasive and label-free methodology allows us to structurally distinguish distinct amyloid polymorphs displaying altered hydrogen bonding and supramolecular packing within the cross-β structural motif. By using quantitative molecular fingerprinting and multivariate statistical analysis, we analyze key Raman bands for the protein backbone and side chains that allow us to capture the conformational heterogeneity and structural distributions within distinct amyloid polymorphs. Our results delineate the key molecular factors governing the structural diversity in amyloid polymorphs and can potentially simplify studying amyloid remodeling by small molecules.
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Lee YG, Jeon S, Baik K, Kang SW, Ye BS. Substantia nigral dopamine transporter uptake in dementia with Lewy bodies. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:88. [PMID: 37296236 PMCID: PMC10256694 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00534-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration is a pathological hallmark of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). To identify the subregional dopamine transporter (DAT) uptake patterns that improve the diagnostic accuracy of DLB, we analyzed N-(3-[18F] fluoropropyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-nortropane (FP-CIT) PET in 51 patients with DLB, in 36 patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy body (MCI-LB), and in 40 healthy controls (HCs). In addition to a high affinity for DAT, FP-CIT show a modest affinity to serotonin or norepinephrine transporters. Specific binding ratios (SBRs) of the nigrostriatal subregions were transformed to age-adjusted z-scores (zSBR) based on HCs. The diagnostic accuracy of subregional zSBRs were tested using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses separately for MCI-LB and DLB versus HCs. Then, the effect of subregional zSBRs on the presence of clinical features and gray matter (GM) density were evaluated in all patients with MCI-LB or DLB as a group. ROC curve analyses showed that the diagnostic accuracy of DLB based on the zSBR of substantia nigra (area under the curve [AUC], 0.90) or those for MCI-LB (AUC, 0.87) were significantly higher than that based on the zSBR of posterior putamen for DLB (AUC, 0.72) or MCI-LB (AUC, 0.65). Lower zSBRs in nigrostriatal regions were associated with visual hallucination, severe parkinsonism, and cognitive dysfunction, while lower zSBR of substantia nigra was associated with widespread GM atrophy in DLB and MCI-LB patients. Taken together, our results suggest that evaluation of nigral DAT uptake may increase the diagnostic accuracy of DLB and MCI-LB than other striatal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Gun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Seun Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Baik
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Woo Kang
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byoung Seok Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Zhao J, He Y, Duan Y, Ma Y, Dong H, Zhang X, Fang R, Zhang Y, Yu M, Huang F. HDAC6 Deficiency Has Moderate Effects on Behaviors and Parkinson's Disease Pathology in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9975. [PMID: 37373121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is involved in the regulation of protein aggregation and neuroinflammation, but its role in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. In this study, Hdac6-/- mice were generated by CRISPR-Cas9 technology for exploring the effect of HDAC6 on the pathological progression of PD. We found that male Hdac6-/- mice exhibit hyperactivity and certain anxiety. In the acute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mice, though motor injury was slightly alleviated by HDAC6 deficiency, dopamine (DA) depletion in the striatum, the decrease in the number of DA neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and the reduction in DA neuronal terminals were not affected. In addition, activation of glial cells and the expression of α-synuclein, as well as the levels of apoptosis-related proteins in the nigrostriatal pathway, were not changed in MPTP-injected wild-type and Hdac6-/- mice. Therefore, HDAC6 deficiency leads to moderate alterations of behaviors and Parkinson's disease pathology in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Zhao
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yongtao He
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufei Duan
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongtian Dong
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rong Fang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunhe Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Sawamura M, Ohira J, Hikawa R, Ishimoto T, Nakanishi E, Yamakado H, Takahashi R. Single-dose intranasal administration of α-syn PFFs induce lewy neurite-like pathology in olfactory bulbs. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 112:105440. [PMID: 37267818 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pathological α-synuclein (α-Syn) propagation may cause Parkinson's disease progression. We aimed to verify whether single-dose intranasal administration of α-Syn preformed fibrils (PFFs) induces α-Syn pathology in the olfactory bulb (OB). METHODS A single dose of α-Syn PFFs was administered to the left nasal cavity of wild-type mice. The untreated right side served as a control. The α-Syn pathology of the OBs was examined up to 12 months after the injection. RESULTS Lewy neurite-like aggregates were observed in the OB 6 and 12 months after the treatment. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that pathological α-Syn can propagate from the olfactory mucosa to the OB and reveal the potential dangers of α-Syn PFFs inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junichiro Ohira
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rie Hikawa
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Etsuro Nakanishi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hodaka Yamakado
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Pedrini M, Iannielli A, Meneghelli L, Passarella D, Broccoli V, Seneci P. Synthesis and Preliminary Characterization of Putative Anle138b-Centered PROTACs against α-Synuclein Aggregation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051467. [PMID: 37242709 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for disease-modifying agents targeted against Parkinson's disease led us to rationally design a small array of six Anle138b-centered PROTACs, 7a,b, 8a,b and 9a,b, targeting αSynuclein (αSyn) aggregates for binding, polyubiquitination by the E3 ligase Cereblon (CRBN), and proteasomal degradation. Lenalidomide and thalidomide were used as CRBN ligands and coupled with amino- and azido Anle138b derivatives through flexible linkers and coupling reactions (amidation, 'click' chemistry). Four Anle138b-PROTACs, 8a,b and 9a,b, were characterized against in vitro αSyn aggregation, monitoring them in a Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay and in dopaminergic neurons derived from a set of isogenic pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines with SNCA multiplications. Native and seeded αSyn aggregation was determined with a new biosensor, and a partial correlation between αSyn aggregation, cellular dysfunctions, and neuronal survival was obtained. Anle138b-PROTAC 8a was characterized as the most promising αSyn aggregation inhibitor/degradation inducer, with potential usefulness against synucleinopathies and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pedrini
- Chemistry Department, Milan University, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Iannielli
- Neuroscience Institute, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Stem Cells and Neurogenesis Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Meneghelli
- Chemistry Department, Milan University, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Chemistry Department, Milan University, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Neuroscience Institute, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Stem Cells and Neurogenesis Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierfausto Seneci
- Chemistry Department, Milan University, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Zhang O, Haghighatlari M, Li J, Liu ZH, Namini A, Teixeira JMC, Forman-Kay JD, Head-Gordon T. Learning to evolve structural ensembles of unfolded and disordered proteins using experimental solution data. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:174113. [PMID: 37144719 PMCID: PMC10163956 DOI: 10.1063/5.0141474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural characterization of proteins with a disorder requires a computational approach backed by experiments to model their diverse and dynamic structural ensembles. The selection of conformational ensembles consistent with solution experiments of disordered proteins highly depends on the initial pool of conformers, with currently available tools limited by conformational sampling. We have developed a Generative Recurrent Neural Network (GRNN) that uses supervised learning to bias the probability distributions of torsions to take advantage of experimental data types such as nuclear magnetic resonance J-couplings, nuclear Overhauser effects, and paramagnetic resonance enhancements. We show that updating the generative model parameters according to the reward feedback on the basis of the agreement between experimental data and probabilistic selection of torsions from learned distributions provides an alternative to existing approaches that simply reweight conformers of a static structural pool for disordered proteins. Instead, the biased GRNN, DynamICE, learns to physically change the conformations of the underlying pool of the disordered protein to those that better agree with experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oufan Zhang
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Mojtaba Haghighatlari
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - Ashley Namini
- Molecular Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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Zhu H, Byrnes C, Lee YT, Tuymetova G, Duffy HBD, Bakir JY, Pettit SN, Angina J, Springer DA, Allende ML, Kono M, Proia RL. SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a expression in brain disrupts the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, impairs sphingolipid homeostasis, and drives neuropathogenesis. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22919. [PMID: 37071464 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300149r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes injury to multiple organ systems, including the brain. SARS-CoV-2's neuropathological mechanisms may include systemic inflammation and hypoxia, as well as direct cell damage resulting from viral infections of neurons and glia. How the virus directly causes injury to brain cells, acutely and over the long term, is not well understood. In order to gain insight into this process, we studied the neuropathological effects of open reading frame 3a (ORF3a), a SARS-CoV-2 accessory protein that is a key pathological factor of the virus. Forced ORF3a brain expression in mice caused the rapid onset of neurological impairment, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation-key neuropathological features found in coronavirus disease (COVID-19, which is caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection). Furthermore, ORF3a expression blocked autophagy progression in the brain and caused the neuronal accumulation of α-synuclein and glycosphingolipids, all of which are linked to neurodegenerative disease. Studies with ORF3-expressing HeLa cells confirmed that ORF3a disrupted the autophagy-lysosomal pathway and blocked glycosphingolipid degradation, resulting in their accumulation. These findings indicate that, in the event of neuroinvasion by SARS-CoV-2, ORF3a expression in brain cells may drive neuropathogenesis and be an important mediator of both short- and long-term neurological manifestations of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhu
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Colleen Byrnes
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Y Terry Lee
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Galina Tuymetova
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hannah B D Duffy
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jenna Y Bakir
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sydney N Pettit
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jabili Angina
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Danielle A Springer
- Murine Phenotyping Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria L Allende
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Section, Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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45
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Vorn R, Devoto C, Meier TB, Lai C, Yun S, Broglio SP, Mithani S, McAllister TW, Giza CC, Kim HS, Huber D, Harezlak J, Cameron KL, McGinty G, Jackson J, Guskiewicz KM, Mihalik JP, Brooks A, Duma S, Rowson S, Nelson LD, Pasquina P, McCrea MA, Gill JM. Are EPB41 and alpha-synuclein diagnostic biomarkers of sport-related concussion? Findings from the NCAA and Department of Defense CARE Consortium. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 12:379-387. [PMID: 36403906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current protein biomarkers are only moderately predictive at identifying individuals with mild traumatic brain injury or concussion. Therefore, more accurate diagnostic markers are needed for sport-related concussion. METHODS This was a multicenter, prospective, case-control study of athletes who provided blood samples and were diagnosed with a concussion or were a matched non-concussed control within the National Collegiate Athletic Association-Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education Consortium conducted between 2015 and 2019. The blood was collected within 48 h of injury to identify protein abnormalities at the acute and subacute timepoints. Athletes with concussion were divided into 6 h post-injury (0-6 h post-injury) and after 6 h post-injury (7-48 h post-injury) groups. We applied a highly multiplexed proteomic technique that used a DNA aptamers assay to target 1305 proteins in plasma samples from athletes with and without sport-related concussion. RESULTS A total of 140 athletes with concussion (79.3% males; aged 18.71 ± 1.10 years, mean ± SD) and 21 non-concussed athletes (76.2% males; 19.14 ± 1.10 years) were included in this study. We identified 338 plasma proteins that significantly differed in abundance (319 upregulated and 19 downregulated) in concussed athletes compared to non-concussed athletes. The top 20 most differentially abundant proteins discriminated concussed athletes from non-concussed athletes with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.954 (95% confidence interval: 0.922‒0.986). Specifically, after 6 h of injury, the individual AUC of plasma erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1 (EPB41) and alpha-synuclein (SNCA) were 0.956 and 0.875, respectively. The combination of EPB41 and SNCA provided the best AUC (1.000), which suggests this combination of candidate plasma biomarkers is the best for diagnosing concussion in athletes after 6 h of injury. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that proteomic profiling may provide novel diagnostic protein markers and that a combination of EPB41 and SNCA is the most predictive biomarker of concussion after 6 h of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rany Vorn
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing and Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Timothy B Meier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Chen Lai
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sijung Yun
- Predictiv Care, Inc., Mountain View, CA 94086, USA
| | - Steven P Broglio
- Michigan Concussion Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sara Mithani
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas W McAllister
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Christopher C Giza
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Hyung-Suk Kim
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Huber
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jaroslaw Harezlak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health - Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Kenneth L Cameron
- John A. Feagin Sports Medicine Fellowship, Keller Army Community Hospital, West Point, NY 10996, USA
| | - Gerald McGinty
- United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA
| | - Jonathan Jackson
- United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA
| | - Kevin M Guskiewicz
- Mathew Gfeller Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Jason P Mihalik
- Mathew Gfeller Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Alison Brooks
- Department of Orthopedics, Division of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Stefan Duma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Steven Rowson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Lindsay D Nelson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Paul Pasquina
- Center for Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Michael A McCrea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jessica M Gill
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing and Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Panigrahi R, Krishnan R, Singh JS, Padinhateeri R, Kumar A. SUMO1 hinders α-Synuclein fibrillation by inducing structural compaction. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4632. [PMID: 36974517 PMCID: PMC10108436 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier 1 (SUMO1) is an essential protein for many cellular functions, including regulation, signaling, etc., achieved by a process known as SUMOylation, which involves covalent attachment of SUMO1 to target proteins. SUMO1 also regulates the function of several proteins via non-covalent interactions involving the hydrophobic patch in the target protein identified as SUMO Binding or Interacting Motif (SBM/SIM). Here, we demonstrate a crucial functional potential of SUMO1 mediated by its non-covalent interactions with α-Synuclein, a protein responsible for many neurodegenerative diseases called α-Synucleinopathies. SUMO1 hinders the fibrillation of α-Synuclein, an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) that undergoes a transition to β-structures during the fibrillation process. Using a plethora of biophysical techniques, we show that SUMO1 transiently binds to the N-terminus region of α-Synuclein non-covalently and causes structural compaction, which hinders the self-association process and thereby delays the fibrillation process. On the one hand, this study demonstrates an essential functional role of SUMO1 protein concerning neurodegeneration; it also illustrates the commonly stated mechanism that IDPs carry out multiple functions by structural adaptation to suit specific target proteins, on the other. Residue-level details about the SUMO1-α-Synuclein interaction obtained here also serve as a reliable approach for investigating the detailed mechanisms of IDP functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajlaxmi Panigrahi
- Department of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology (IIT) BombayMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Rakesh Krishnan
- Department of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology (IIT) BombayMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Jai Shankar Singh
- Department of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology (IIT) BombayMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Ranjith Padinhateeri
- Department of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology (IIT) BombayMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology (IIT) BombayMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
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47
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Lee TY, Yang W, Cha DS, Han YT. Synthesis of a natural quinoline alkaloid isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus and its potential as a therapeutic for Parkinson's disease. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2023; 25:446-455. [PMID: 35980025 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2104259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
2-(Quinoline-8-carboxamido)benzoic acid (2-QBA; 1) is a natural quinoline alkaloid isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO06786. Alkaloid 1 was synthesized by an amidation reaction of 8-quinolinecaroxylic acid with methyl anthranilate, followed by hydrolysis. The neuroprotective properties of 1 were evaluated using a Caenorhabditis elegans Parkinson's disease model, which revealed that 1 significantly ameliorated 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in a dose-dependent manner. MPP+-induced behavioral defects in worms, including impaired locomotion and basal slowing ability, were restored by treatment with 1. We further demonstrated that treatment with 1 modulates the formation of neurotoxic α-synuclein oligomers by suppressing α-synuclein expressions and enhancing proteasome activity. These results suggest that 1 is a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Yeon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Wooin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun 55338, South Korea
| | - Dong Seok Cha
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun 55338, South Korea
| | - Young Taek Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
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48
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Roterman I, Stapor K, Konieczny L. Structural Specificity of Polymorphic Forms of α-Synuclein Amyloid. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051324. [PMID: 37238996 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural transformation producing amyloids is a phenomenon that sheds new light on the protein folding problem. The analysis of the polymorphic structures of the α-synuclein amyloid available in the PDB database allows analysis of the amyloid-oriented structural transformation itself, but also the protein folding process as such. The polymorphic amyloid structures of α-synuclein analyzed employing the hydrophobicity distribution (fuzzy oil drop model) reveal a differentiation with a dominant distribution consistent with the micelle-like system (hydrophobic core with polar shell). This type of ordering of the hydrophobicity distribution covers the entire spectrum from the example with all three structural units (single chain, proto-fibril, super-fibril) exhibiting micelle-like form, through gradually emerging examples of local disorder, to structures with an extremely different structuring pattern. The water environment directing protein structures towards the generation of ribbon micelle-like structures (concentration of hydrophobic residues in the center of the molecule forming a hydrophobic core with the exposure of polar residues on the surface) also plays a role in the amyloid forms of α-synuclein. The polymorphic forms of α-synuclein reveal local structural differentiation with a common tendency to accept the micelle-like structuralization in certain common fragments of the polypeptide chain of this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Medyczna 7, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stapor
- Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
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Verma G, Bhat R. The Anthocyanidin Peonidin Interferes with an Early Step in the Fibrillation Pathway of α-Synuclein and Modulates It toward Amorphous Aggregates. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 37011370 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the brain, accompanied by the accumulation of proteinaceous inclusions, Lewy bodies (LB), mainly comprised of alpha synuclein (α-syn) aggregates. The heterogeneity and the transient nature of the intermediate species formed in the α-syn fibrillation pathway have made it difficult to develop an effective therapeutic intervention. Therefore, any therapeutic molecule that could prevent as well as treat PD would be of great interest. Anthocyanidins are natural flavonoid compounds that have been shown to have neuroprotective properties and to modulate factors that cause neuronal death. Herein, we have explored the modulation and inhibition of α-syn fibrillation by the anthocyanidins cyanidin, delphinidin, and peonidin using a number of biophysical and structural tools. α-Syn fibrillation monitored using thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence and light scattering suggested concentration dependent inhibition of α-syn fibrillation by all the three anthocyanidins. While cyanidin and delphinidin induced the formation of oligomers and small fibrillar structures of α-syn, respectively, peonidin led to the formation of amorphous aggregates, as observed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Peonidin proved to be most effective of the three anthocyanidins toward alleviating cell toxicity of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells at concentrations where α-synuclein fibrillation was completely suppressed. Hence, the inhibition mechanism of peonidin was further explored by studying its interaction with α-syn using titration calorimetry and molecular docking. The results show its weak binding (in mM range) to the NAC region of α-syn through hydrogen bonding interactions. Also, circular dichroism and Raman spectroscopy revealed the structural aspects of peonidin-induced α-syn amorphous aggregates showing alpha helical structures with exposed Phe and Tyr regions. Due to the neuroprotective nature of peonidin, the findings reported here are significant and can be further explored toward developing a modifying therapy that could address both disease onset as well as the progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Verma
- School of Biotechnology Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rajiv Bhat
- School of Biotechnology Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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50
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Li K, Wang Z. lncRNA NEAT1: Key player in neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101878. [PMID: 36738893 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are the most common causes of disability worldwide. Given their high prevalence, devastating symptoms, and lack of definitive diagnostic tests, there is an urgent need to identify potential biomarkers and new therapeutic targets. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently emerged as powerful regulatory molecules in neurodegenerative diseases. Among them, lncRNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) has been reported to be upregulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, whether this is part of a protective or harmful mechanism is still unclear. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the role of NEAT1 in neurodegenerative diseases and its association with the characteristic aggregation of misfolded proteins: amyloid-β and tau in AD, α-synuclein in PD, mutant huntingtin in HD, and TAR DNA-binding protein-43 fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma in ALS. The aim of this review is to stimulate further research on more precise and effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China; Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China.
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