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Zhong L, Wang Z, Ye X, Cui J, Wang Z, Jia S. Molecular simulations guide immobilization of lipase on nest-like ZIFs with regulatable hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 667:199-211. [PMID: 38636222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The catalytic performance of immobilized lipase is greatly influenced by functional support, which attracts growing interest for designing supports to achieve their promotive catalytic activity. Many lipases bind strongly to hydrophobic surfaces where they undergo interfacial activation. Herein, the behavioral differences of lipases with distinct lid structures on interfaces of varying hydrophobicity levels were firstly investigated by molecular simulations. It was found that a reasonable hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface could facilitate the lipase to undergo interfacial activation. Building on these findings, a novel "nest"-like superhydrophobic ZIFs (ZIFN) composed of hydrophobic ligands was prepared for the first time and used to immobilize lipase from Aspergillus oryzae (AOL@ZIFN). The AOL@ZIFN exhibited 2.0-folds higher activity than free lipase in the hydrolysis of p-Nitrophenyl palmitate (p-NPP). Especially, the modification of superhydrophobic ZIFN with an appropriate amount of hydrophilic tannic acid can significantly improve the activity of the immobilized lipase (AOL@ZIFN-TA). The AOL@ZIFN-TA exhibited 30-folds higher activity than free lipase, and still maintained 82% of its initial activity after 5 consecutive cycles, indicating good reusability. These results demonstrated that nanomaterials with rational arrangement of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface could facilitate the lipase to undergo interfacial activation and improve its activity, displaying the potential of the extensive application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Zhongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jiandong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Shiru Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
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2
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Nakamura AM, Godoy AS, Kadowaki MAS, Trentin LN, Gonzalez SET, Skaf MS, Polikarpov I. Structures of BlEst2 from Bacillus licheniformis in its propeptide and mature forms reveal autoinhibitory effects of the C-terminal domain. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 39073006 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Carboxylesterases comprise a major class of α/β-fold hydrolases responsible for the cleavage and formation of ester bonds. Found ubiquitously in nature, these enzymes are crucial for the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous carboxyl esters in animals, plants and microorganisms. Beyond their essential physiological roles, carboxylesterases stand out as one of the important classes of biocatalysts for biotechnology. BlEst2, an enzyme previously classified as Bacillus licheniformis esterase, remains largely uncharacterized. In the present study, we elucidate the structural biology, molecular dynamics and biochemical features of BlEst2. Our findings reveal a canonical α/β-hydrolase fold similar to the ESTHER block L of lipases, further augmented by two additional accessory C-terminal domains. Notably, the catalytic domain demonstrates two insertions, which occupy conserved locations in α/β-hydrolase proteins and commonly form the lid domain in lipase structures. Intriguingly, our in vitro cleavage of C-terminal domains revealed the structure of the active form of BlEst2. Upon activation, BlEst2 showed a markedly elevated hydrolytic activity. This observation implies that the intramolecular C-terminal domain serves as a regulatory intramolecular inhibitor. Interestingly, despite exhibiting esterase-like activity, BlEst2 structural characteristics align more closely with lipases. This suggests that BlEst2 could potentially represent a previously unrecognized subgroup within the realm of carboxyl ester hydrolases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lucas N Trentin
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Computing in Engineering and Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Brazil
| | - Sinkler E T Gonzalez
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Computing in Engineering and Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Brazil
| | - Munir S Skaf
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Computing in Engineering and Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Brazil
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos, Brazil
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3
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IŞIK C. An Alternative Approach to Plastic Recycling: Fabrication and Characterization of rPET/CA Nanofiber Carriers to Enhance Porcine Pancreatic Lipase Stability Properties. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:31313-31327. [PMID: 39072091 PMCID: PMC11270705 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In response to the increasing demand for sustainable technologies, this study presents a novel approach to plastic recycling. In this study, a method was presented to produce nanofiber carriers by electrospinning using recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) obtained from wastewater bottles and cellulose acetate (CA). These carriers serve as a platform for immobilized porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), aiming to enhance its stability. The production parameters for the rPET/CA nanofibers were found to be an rPET concentration of 15% (v/v), a CA concentration of 6% (v/v), an electrical voltage of 13 kV, a needle-collector distance of 18 cm, and an injection speed of 0.1 mL/h. The nanofiber structure and morphology were assessed by using attenuated total reflectance-infrared Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Then, PPL was immobilized onto the nanofibers through adsorption and cross-linking methods. The optimum temperature for free PPL was determined to be 30 °C, and the optimum temperature for PPL immobilized on rPET/CA was determined to be 40 °C. It was observed that, especially under acidic conditions, after the immobilization process, PPL immobilized rPET/CA nanofibers became more resistant to pH changes than free PLL. Furthermore, the immobilized PPL exhibited improved pH stability, reusability, and thermal stability compared to its free counterpart. This innovative approach not only contributes to plastic waste reduction but also opens new avenues for enzyme immobilization with potential applications in biocatalysis and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyhun IŞIK
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry
Department, Muğla Sıtkı
Koçman University, Muğla 48000, Türkiye
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4
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Yang M, Su X, Yang J, Lu Z, Zhou J, Wang F, Liu Y, Ma L, Zhai C. A Whole-Process Visible Strategy for the Preparation of Rhizomucor miehei Lipase with Escherichia coli Secretion Expression System and the Immobilization. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:155. [PMID: 38802857 PMCID: PMC11129466 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02432-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhizomucor miehei (RM) lipase is a regioselective lipase widely used in food, pharmaceutical and biofuel industries. However, the high cost and low purity of the commercial RM lipase limit its industrial applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop cost-effective strategies for large-scale preparation of this lipase. The present study explored the high-level expression of RM lipase using superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP)-mediated Escherichia coli secretion system. RESULTS The sfGFP(-15) mutant was fused to the C-terminus of RM lipase to mediate its secretion expression. The yield of the fusion protein reached approximately 5.1 g/L with high-density fermentation in 5-L fermentors. Unlike conventional secretion expression methods, only a small portion of the target protein was secreted into the cell culture while majority of the fusion protein was still remained in the cytoplasm. However, in contrast to intracellular expression, the target protein in the cytoplasm could be transported efficiently to the supernatant through a simple washing step with equal volume of phosphate saline (PBS), without causing cell disruption. Hence, the approach facilitated the downstream purification step of the recombinant RM lipase. Moreover, contamination or decline of the engineered strain and degradation or deactivation of the target enzyme can be detected efficiently because they exhibited bright green fluorescence. Next, the target protein was immobilized with anion-exchange and macropore resins. Diethylaminoethyl sepharose (DEAE), a weak-basic anion-exchange resin, exhibited the highest bind capacity but inhibited the activity of RM lipase dramatically. On the contrary, RM lipase fixed with macropore resin D101 demonstrated the highest specific activity. Although immobilization with D101 didn't improve the activity of the enzyme, the thermostability of the immobilized enzyme elevated significantly. The immobilized RM lipase retained approximately 90% of its activity after 3-h incubation at 80 °C. Therefore, D101 was chosen as the supporting material of the target protein. CONCLUSION The present study established a highly efficient strategy for large-scale preparation of RM lipase. This innovative technique not only provides high-purity RM lipase at a low cost but also has great potential as a platform for the preparation of lipases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
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Han Y, Jiang H, Huang C, Wu X, Ouyang Y, Chen H, Lan D, Wang Y, Zheng B, Xia J. Enzymatic interfacial conversion of acylglycerols in Pickering emulsions stabilized by hydrogel microparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 661:228-236. [PMID: 38301461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS A critical challenge in the enzymatic conversion of acylglycerols is the limited exposure of the enzyme dissolved in the aqueous solution to the hydrophobic substrate in the oil phase. Positioning the enzyme in a microenvironment with balanced hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity in Pickering emulsion will facilitate the acylglycerol-catalyzing reactions at the interface between the oil and liquid phases. EXPERIMENTS In this work, to overcome the challenge of biphasic catalysis, we report a method to immobilize enzymes in polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogel microparticles (HMPs) at the interface between the oil and water phases in Pickering emulsion to promote the enzymatic conversion of acylglycerols. FINDINGS 3 wt% of HMPs can stabilize the oil-in-water Pickering emulsion for at least 14 days and increase the viscosity of emulsions. Lipase-HMP conjugates showed significantly higher hydrolytic activity in Pickering emulsion; HMP-immobilized lipase SMG1 showed an activity about three times that of free lipase SMG1. Co-immobilization of a lipase and a fatty acid photodecarboxylase from Chlorella variabilis (CvFAP) in Pickering emulsion enables light-driven cascade conversion of triacylglycerols to hydrocarbons, transforming waste oil to renewable biofuels in a green and sustainable approach. HMPs stabilize the Pickering emulsion and promote interfacial biocatalysis in converting acylglycerols to renewable biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxu Han
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yinghan Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongfei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongming Lan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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6
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Kai Z, Jiaying X, Xuechun L. Enhanced triolein and ethyl ferulate interesterification performance by CRL-AuNPs. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130599. [PMID: 38493938 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study established a Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) system to catalyze triolein and ethyl ferulate interesterification. The products were identified, and the binding mode between the substrates and CRL was predicted through molecular docking. Three methods for preparing CRL-AuNPs were proposed and characterized. It was found that the addition of 40 mL of 15 nm gold nanoparticles increased the CRL activity from 3.05 U/mg to 4.75 U/mg, but the hybridization efficiency was only 32.7 %. By using 4 mL of 0.1 mg/mL chloroauric acid, the hybridization efficiency was improved to 50.7 %, but the enzyme activity was sharply decreased. However, when the molar ratio of Mb to HAuCl4 was 0.2, the hybridization efficiency increased to 71.8 %, and the CRL activity was also enhanced to 5.98 U/mg. Under optimal conditions, the enzyme activity of CRL-AuNPs③ was maintained at 95 % after 6 repetitions and 85.6 % after 30 days at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Kai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Xin Jiaying
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; State Key Laboratory of Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lu Xuechun
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; LuDong University, Yantai 264025, China.
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7
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Xing S, Long J, Xie W, Luo C, He L, Li C, Zeng X. Characterization of a recombinant Aspergillus niger GZUF36 lipase immobilized by ionic liquid modification strategy. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:233. [PMID: 38400957 PMCID: PMC10894092 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13071-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilized on magnetic nanomaterials is a promising biocatalyst with efficient recovery under applied magnets. In this study, a recombinant extracellular lipase from Aspergillus niger GZUF36 (PEXANL1) expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 was immobilized on ionic liquid-modified magnetic nano ferric oxide (Fe3O4@SiO2@ILs) via electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction. The morphology, structure, and properties of Fe3O4@SiO2@ILs and immobilized PEXANL1 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, vibration sample magnetometer, and zeta potential analysis. Under optimized conditions, the immobilization efficiency and activity recovery of immobilized PEXANL1 were 52 ± 2% and 122 ± 2%, respectively. The enzymatic properties of immobilized PEXANL1 were also investigated. The results showed that immobilized PEXANL1 achieved the maximum activity at pH 5.0 and 45 °C, and the lipolytic activity of immobilized PEXANL1 was more than twice that of PEXANL1. Compared to PEXANL1, immobilized PEXANL1 exhibited enhanced tolerance to temperature, metal ions, surfactants, and organic solvents. The operation stability experiments revealed that immobilized PEXANL1 maintained 86 ± 3% of its activity after 6 reaction cycles. The enhanced catalytic performance in enzyme immobilization on Fe3O4@SiO2@ILs made nanobiocatalysts a compelling choice for bio-industrial applications. Furthermore, Fe3O4@SiO2@ILs could also benefit various industrial enzymes and their practical uses. KEY POINTS: • Immobilized PEXANL1 was confirmed by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD. • The specific activity of immobilized PEXANL1 was more than twice that of PEXANL1. • Immobilized PEXANL1 had improved properties with good operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Xing
- Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store & Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Long
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store & Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store & Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaocheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store & Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Laping He
- Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store & Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cuiqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store & Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuefeng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store & Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
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8
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Abellanas-Perez P, Carballares D, Rocha-Martin J, Fernandez-Lafuente R. The effects of the chemical modification on immobilized lipase features are affected by the enzyme crowding in the support. Biotechnol Prog 2024; 40:e3394. [PMID: 37828788 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we have analyzed the interactions between enzyme crowding on a given support and its chemical modification (ethylenediamine modification via the carbodiimide route and picryl sulfonic (TNBS) modification of the primary amino groups) on the enzyme activity and stability. Lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) and lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) were immobilized on octyl-agarose beads at two very different enzyme loadings, one of them exceeding the capacity of the support, one well under this capacity. Chemical modifications of the highly loaded and lowly loaded biocatalysts gave very different results in terms of activity and stability, which could increase or decrease enzyme activity depending on the enzyme support loading. For example, both lowly loaded biocatalysts increased their activity after modification while the effect was the opposite for the highly loaded biocatalysts. Additionally, the modification with TNBS of highly loaded CALB biocatalyst increased its stability while decrease the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Carballares
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Rmili F, Frikha F, Chamkha M, Sayari A, Fendri A. Structure elucidation of Staphylococcus capitis lipase. Molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the effects of calcium and zinc ions on the structural stability. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10450-10462. [PMID: 36546696 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2159528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cold-adapted and organic solvent tolerant lipases have significant potential in a wide range of synthetic reactions in industry. But there are no sufficient studies on how these enzymes interacts with their substrates. Herein, the predicted structure and function of the Staphylococcus capitis lipase (SCL) are studied. Given the high amino acid sequence homology with the Staphylococcus simulans lipase (SSL), 3D structure models of closed and open forms of the S. capitis lipase were built using the structure of SSL as template. The models suggested the presence of a main lid and a second lid that may act with the former as a double door to control the access to the active site. The SCL models also allowed us to identify key residues involved in binding substrates, calcium or zinc ions. By following this model and utilizing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the stability of the S. capitis lipase at low temperatures could be explained in the presence and in the absence of calcium and zinc. Due to its thermolability, the SCL is extremely valuable for different biotechnological applications in a wide variety of industries from molecular biology to detergency to food and beverage preparation.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Rmili
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fakher Frikha
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Chamkha
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Adel Sayari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Fendri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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10
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Buller R, Lutz S, Kazlauskas RJ, Snajdrova R, Moore JC, Bornscheuer UT. From nature to industry: Harnessing enzymes for biocatalysis. Science 2023; 382:eadh8615. [PMID: 37995253 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh8615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis harnesses enzymes to make valuable products. This green technology is used in countless applications from bench scale to industrial production and allows practitioners to access complex organic molecules, often with fewer synthetic steps and reduced waste. The last decade has seen an explosion in the development of experimental and computational tools to tailor enzymatic properties, equipping enzyme engineers with the ability to create biocatalysts that perform reactions not present in nature. By using (chemo)-enzymatic synthesis routes or orchestrating intricate enzyme cascades, scientists can synthesize elaborate targets ranging from DNA and complex pharmaceuticals to starch made in vitro from CO2-derived methanol. In addition, new chemistries have emerged through the combination of biocatalysis with transition metal catalysis, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. This review highlights recent key developments, identifies current limitations, and provides a future prospect for this rapidly developing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Buller
- Competence Center for Biocatalysis, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - S Lutz
- Codexis Incorporated, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - R J Kazlauskas
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - R Snajdrova
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Global Discovery Chemistry, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - J C Moore
- MRL, Merck & Co., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - U T Bornscheuer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Dept. of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Greifswald University, Greifswald, Germany
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11
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Monteiro RRC, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Rocha-Martin J, Vieira RS, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Biocatalytic production of biolubricants: Strategies, problems and future trends. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108215. [PMID: 37473819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The increasing worries by the inadequate use of energy and the preservation of nature are promoting an increasing interest in the production of biolubricants. After discussing the necessity of producing biolubricants, this review focuses on the production of these interesting molecules through the use of lipases, discussing the different possibilities (esterification of free fatty acids, hydroesterification or transesterification of oils and fats, transesterification of biodiesel with more adequate alcohols, estolides production, modification of fatty acids). The utilization of discarded substrates has special interest due to the double positive ecological impact (e.g., oil distillated, overused oils). Pros and cons of all these possibilities, together with general considerations to optimize the different processes will be outlined. Some possibilities to overcome some of the problems detected in the production of these interesting compounds will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolpho R C Monteiro
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60455760 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rodrigo S Vieira
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60455760 Fortaleza, Brazil.
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12
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Fernandez-Lopez L, Roda S, Robles-Martín A, Muñoz-Tafalla R, Almendral D, Ferrer M, Guallar V. Enhancing the Hydrolytic Activity of a Lipase towards Larger Triglycerides through Lid Domain Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13768. [PMID: 37762071 PMCID: PMC10530837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipases have valuable potential for industrial use, particularly those mostly active against water-insoluble substrates, such as triglycerides composed of long-carbon chain fatty acids. However, in most cases, engineered variants often need to be constructed to achieve optimal performance for such substrates. Protein engineering techniques have been reported as strategies for improving lipase characteristics by introducing specific mutations in the cap domain of esterases or in the lid domain of lipases or through lid domain swapping. Here, we improved the lipase activity of a lipase (WP_075743487.1, or LipMRD) retrieved from the Marine Metagenomics MarRef Database and assigned to the Actinoalloteichus genus. The improvement was achieved through site-directed mutagenesis and by substituting its lid domain (FRGTEITQIKDWLTDA) with that of Rhizopus delemar lipase (previously R. oryzae; UniProt accession number, I1BGQ3) (FRGTNSFRSAITDIVF). The results demonstrated that the redesigned mutants gain activity against bulkier triglycerides, such as glyceryl tridecanoate and tridodecanoate, olive oil, coconut oil, and palm oil. Residue W89 (LipMRD numbering) appears to be key to the increase in lipase activity, an increase that was also achieved with lid swapping. This study reinforces the importance of the lid domains and their amino acid compositions in determining the substrate specificity of lipases, but the generalization of the lid domain swapping between lipases or the introduction of specific mutations in the lid domain to improve lipase activity may require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fernandez-Lopez
- Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica (ICP), CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.F.-L.); (D.A.)
| | - Sergi Roda
- Department of Life Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.R.); (A.R.-M.); (R.M.-T.)
| | - Ana Robles-Martín
- Department of Life Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.R.); (A.R.-M.); (R.M.-T.)
- PhD Programme, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Muñoz-Tafalla
- Department of Life Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.R.); (A.R.-M.); (R.M.-T.)
- PhD Programme, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Almendral
- Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica (ICP), CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.F.-L.); (D.A.)
| | - Manuel Ferrer
- Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica (ICP), CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.F.-L.); (D.A.)
| | - Víctor Guallar
- Department of Life Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.R.); (A.R.-M.); (R.M.-T.)
- Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Abellanas-Perez P, Carballares D, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rocha-Martin J. Glutaraldehyde modification of lipases immobilized on octyl agarose beads: Roles of the support enzyme loading and chemical amination of the enzyme on the final enzyme features. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125853. [PMID: 37460068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) and lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) have been immobilized on octyl agarose at low loading and at a loading exceeding the maximum support capacity. Then, the enzymes have been treated with glutaraldehyde and inactivated at pH 7.0 in Tris-HCl, sodium phosphate and HEPES, giving different stabilities. Stabilization (depending on the buffer) of the highly loaded biocatalysts was found, very likely as a consequence of the detected intermolecular crosslinkings. This did not occur for the lowly loaded biocatalysts. Next, the enzymes were chemically aminated and then treated with glutaraldehyde. In the case of TLL, the intramolecular crosslinkings (visible by the apparent reduction of the protein size) increased enzyme stability of the lowly loaded biocatalysts, an effect that was further increased for the highly loaded biocatalysts due to intermolecular crosslinkings. Using CALB, the intramolecular crosslinkings were less intense, and the stabilization was lower, even though the intermolecular crosslinkings were quite intense for the highly loaded biocatalyst. The stabilization detected depended on the inactivation buffer. The interactions between enzyme loading and inactivating buffer on the effects of the chemical modifications suggest that the modification and inactivation studies must be performed under the target biocatalysts and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Carballares
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid Spain.
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14
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Liu YW, Li QH, Li SY, Huang GQ, Xiao JX. Interfacial adsorption behavior of the Aspergillus oryzae lipase-chitosan complex and stability evaluation of the resultant Pickering emulsion. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123599. [PMID: 36773866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
To prompt the application of the chitosan (CS)-Aspergillus oryzae lipase (AOL) complex in the construction of novel biphasic catalysis medium, its Pickering emulsion stabilization ability as well as adsorption behavior in the oil-water interface were investigated and the stability of resultant emulsion was evaluated. The results indicated that the CS-AOL complex assembled in mass ratio 1:5 was an effective Pickering stabilizer and up to 90 % AOL could be retained in the emulsion interface. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring suggested that the CS-AOL complex spontaneously absorbed to oil-water interface; absorption dynamics analysis revealed that the adsorption was driven by diffusion accompanied by rapid structural rearrangement; while interfacial dilatational rheology demonstrated the formation of an elastic film in the oil-water interface. The Pickering emulsions were pseudoplastic and that in oil fraction 0.6 exhibited the elastic behavior in contrast to the viscous behavior in oil fractions 0.2 and 0.4. The Pickering emulsion exhibited excellent stability against storage for up to 28 d, pHs 2.0-12.0, heating at 25-90 °C, and up to 500 mmol/L NaCl, and the corresponding interfacial AOL retentions exceeded 80 % during exposure to these conditions. Hence, the CS-AOL complex could be used as a stabilizer to construct Pickering emulsion-based biphasic catalysis systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Qing-Hao Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shi-Yu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Guo-Qing Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jun-Xia Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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15
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Iversen JF, Bohr SSR, Pinholt HD, Moses ME, Iversen L, Christensen SM, Hatzakis NS, Zhang M. Single-Particle Tracking of Thermomyces lanuginosus Lipase Reveals How Mutations in the Lid Region Remodel Its Diffusion. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040631. [PMID: 37189378 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of most lipases is controlled by the lid, which undergoes conformational changes at a water–lipid interface to expose the active site, thus activating catalysis. Understanding how lid mutations affect lipases’ function is important for designing improved variants. Lipases’ function has been found to correlate with their diffusion on the substrate surface. Here, we used single-particle tracking (SPT), a powerful tool for deciphering enzymes’ diffusional behavior, to study Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL) variants with different lid structures in a laundry-like application condition. Thousands of parallelized recorded trajectories and hidden Markov modeling (HMM) analysis allowed us to extract three interconverting diffusional states and quantify their abundance, microscopic transition rates, and the energy barriers for sampling them. Combining those findings with ensemble measurements, we determined that the overall activity variation in the application condition is dependent on surface binding and lipase mobility when bound. Specifically, the L4 variant with a TLL-like lid and wild-type (WT) TLL displayed similar ensemble activity, but WT bound stronger to the surface than L4, while L4 had a higher diffusion coefficient and thus activity when bound to the surface. These mechanistic elements can only be de-convoluted by our combined assays. Our findings offer fresh perspectives on the development of the next iteration of enzyme-based detergent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine F. Iversen
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren S.-R. Bohr
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik D. Pinholt
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nikos S. Hatzakis
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Gonçalves RA, Holmberg K, Lindman B. Cationic surfactants: A review. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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17
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Souza PMP, Carballares D, Gonçalves LRB, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rodrigues S. Immobilization of Lipase B from Candida antarctica in Octyl-Vinyl Sulfone Agarose: Effect of the Enzyme-Support Interactions on Enzyme Activity, Specificity, Structure and Inactivation Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214268. [PMID: 36430745 PMCID: PMC9697615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipase B from Candida antarctica was immobilized on heterofunctional support octyl agarose activated with vinyl sulfone to prevent enzyme release under drastic conditions. Covalent attachment was established, but the blocking step using hexylamine, ethylenediamine or the amino acids glycine (Gly) and aspartic acid (Asp) altered the results. The activities were lower than those observed using the octyl biocatalyst, except when using ethylenediamine as blocking reagent and p-nitrophenol butyrate (pNPB) as substrate. The enzyme stability increased using these new biocatalysts at pH 7 and 9 using all blocking agents (much more significantly at pH 9), while it decreased at pH 5 except when using Gly as blocking agent. The stress inactivation of the biocatalysts decreased the enzyme activity versus three different substrates (pNPB, S-methyl mandelate and triacetin) in a relatively similar fashion. The tryptophane (Trp) fluorescence spectra were different for the biocatalysts, suggesting different enzyme conformations. However, the fluorescence spectra changes during the inactivation were not too different except for the biocatalyst blocked with Asp, suggesting that, except for this biocatalyst, the inactivation pathways may not be so different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila M. P. Souza
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 858, Fortaleza CEP 60440-900, CE, Brazil
| | - Diego Carballares
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luciana R. B. Gonçalves
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza CEP 60440-900, CE, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, Member of the External Scientific Advisory Academics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (R.F.-L.); (S.R.)
| | - Sueli Rodrigues
- Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 858, Fortaleza CEP 60440-900, CE, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.F.-L.); (S.R.)
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18
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Ćehić M, Brkljača Z, Filić Ž, Crnolatac I, Vujaklija D, Bakarić D. (Un)coupling the factors contributing to the interfacial activation of Streptomyces rimosus lipase: computational and spectrophotometric study. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2022.2145304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirsada Ćehić
- Division for Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zlatko Brkljača
- Division for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Želimira Filić
- Division for Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivo Crnolatac
- Division for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dušica Vujaklija
- Division for Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danijela Bakarić
- Division for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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19
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Immobilization of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase on a new hydrophobic support (Streamline phenyl™): strategies to improve stability and reusability. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 163:110166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Lipase and Its Unique Selectivity: A Mini-Review. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7609019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Contrary to other solid catalysts, enzymes facilitate more sophisticated chemical reactions because most enzymes specifically interact with substrates and release selective products. Lipases (triacylglycerol hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3), which can catalyze the cleavage and formation of various acyl compounds, are one of the best examples of enzymes with a unique substrate selectivity. There are already several commercialized lipases that have become important tools for various lipid-related studies, although there is still a need to discover novel lipases with unique substrate selectivity to facilitate more innovative reactions in human applications such as household care, cosmetics, foods, and pharmaceuticals. In this mini-review, we focus on concisely demonstrating not only the general information of lipases but also their substate selectivities: typoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity. We highlight the essential studies on selective lipases in terms of enzymology. Furthermore, we introduce several examples of analysis methodology and experimental requirements to determine each selectivity of lipases. This work would stress the importance of integrating our understanding of lipase chemistry to make further advances in the relevant fields.
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21
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The immobilization protocol greatly alters the effects of metal phosphate modification on the activity/stability of immobilized lipases. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:2452-2466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Moguei MRS, Habibi Z, Shahedi M, Yousefi M, Alimoradi A, Mobini S, Mohammadi M. Immobilization of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase through isocyanide-based multi component reaction on multi-walled carbon nanotube: application for kinetic resolution of rac-ibuprofen. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 35:e00759. [PMID: 36060211 PMCID: PMC9434027 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Ottria R, Casati S, Rota P, Ciuffreda P. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Synthesis: Facile and Handy Enzymatic Method That Allows to Avoid Isomerization. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165190. [PMID: 36014430 PMCID: PMC9416359 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and practical synthesis of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), an endogenous agonist for cannabinoid receptors, based on a two-step enzymatic process and a chemical coupling, was achieved with a good yield and negligible amount of the isomerization product 1-AG. Commercial preparation of immobilized lipase from Mucor miehei (MML) was selected as the most suitable enzyme to catalyze the efficient protection of glycerol using vinyl benzoate as an acyl transfer reagent in tetrahydrofuran. The same enzyme was used to remove the protective groups in positions 1 and 3. Owing to the mild neutral conditions and easy suitability of the method, 2-AG was obtained without any isomerization to the more stable 1-AG and air oxidation of acid chain. The synthetic method proposed here allows us to easily obtain 2-AG from the protected precursor in a one-step reaction without purification requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ottria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvana Casati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Rota
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via della Commenda 10, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangela Ciuffreda
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence:
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24
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Alam ST, Sarowar S, Mondal HA, Makandar R, Chowdhury Z, Louis J, Shah J. Opposing effects of MYZUS PERSICAE-INDUCED LIPASE 1 and jasmonic acid influence the outcome of Arabidopsis thaliana-Fusarium graminearum interaction. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:1141-1153. [PMID: 35396792 PMCID: PMC9276950 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum (Fg) is an important fungal pathogen of small grain cereals that can also infect Arabidopsis thaliana. In Arabidopsis, jasmonic acid (JA) signalling involving JASMONATE RESISTANT 1 (JAR1), which synthesizes JA-isoleucine, a signalling form of JA, promotes susceptibility to Fg. Here we show that Arabidopsis MYZUS PERSICAE-INDUCED LIPASE 1 (MPL1), via its influence on limiting JA accumulation, restricts Fg infection. MPL1 expression was up-regulated in response to Fg infection, and MPL1-OE plants, which overexpress MPL1, exhibited enhanced resistance against Fg. In comparison, disease severity was higher on the mpl1 mutant than the wild type. JA content was lower in MPL1-OE and higher in mpl1 than in the wild type, indicating that MPL1 limits JA accumulation. Pharmacological experiments confirmed the importance of MPL1-determined restriction of JA accumulation on curtailment of Fg infection. Methyl-JA application attenuated the MPL1-OE-conferred resistance, while the JA biosynthesis inhibitor ibuprofen enhanced resistance in mpl1. Also, the JA biosynthesis-defective opr3 mutant was epistatic to mpl1, resulting in enhanced resistance in mpl1 opr3 plants. In comparison, JAR1 was not essential for the mpl1-conferred susceptibility to Fg. Considering that methyl-JA promotes Fg growth in culture, we suggest that in part MPL1 curtails disease by limiting the availability of a plant-derived Fg growth-promoting factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda T. Alam
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
- BioDiscovery InstituteUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
| | - Sujon Sarowar
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
- Present address:
Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture‐Agricultural Research ServiceChatsworthNew JerseyUSA
| | - Hossain A. Mondal
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
- College of Postgraduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences (CPGS‐AS)under Central Agricultural UniversityImphalIndia
| | - Ragiba Makandar
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of HyderabadGachibowliIndia
| | - Zulkarnain Chowdhury
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
- BioDiscovery InstituteUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
| | - Joe Louis
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
- Department of Entomology and Department of BiochemistryUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNebraskaUSA
| | - Jyoti Shah
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
- BioDiscovery InstituteUniversity of North TexasDentonTexasUSA
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25
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Immobilized Lipase in Resolution of Ketoprofen Enantiomers: Examination of Biocatalysts Properties and Process Characterization. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071443. [PMID: 35890337 PMCID: PMC9317814 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, lipase from Aspergillus niger immobilized by physical immobilization by the adsorption interactions and partially interfacial activation and mixed physical immobilization via interfacial activation and ion exchange was used in the kinetic resolution of the ketoprofen racemic mixture. The FTIR spectra of samples after immobilization of enzyme-characteristic signals can be seen, and an increase in particle size diameters upon immobilization is observed, indicating efficient immobilization. The immobilization yield was on the level of 93% and 86% for immobilization unmodified and modified support, respectively, whereas activity recovery reached around 90% for both systems. The highest activity of immobilized biocatalysts was observed at pH 7 and temperature 40 °C and pH 8 and 20 °C for lipase immobilized by physical immobilization by the adsorption interactions and partially interfacial activation and mixed physical immobilization via interfacial activation and ion exchange, respectively. It was also shown that over a wide range of pH (from 7 to 10) and temperature (from 20 to 60 °C) both immobilized lipases retained over 80% of their relative activity, indicating improvement of enzyme stability. The best solvent during kinetic resolution of enantiomers was found to be phosphate buffer at pH 7, which obtained the highest efficiency of racemic ketoprofen methyl ester resolution at the level of over 51%, followed by enantiomeric excess 99.85% in the presence of biocatalyst obtained by physical immobilization by the adsorption interactions and partially interfacial activation.
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26
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Sampaio CS, Angelotti JAF, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Hirata DB. Lipase immobilization via cross-linked enzyme aggregates: Problems and prospects - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 215:434-449. [PMID: 35752332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this review we have focused on the preparation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) from lipases, as these are among the most used enzyme in bioprocesses. This immobilization method is considered very attractive due to preparation simplicity, non-use of supports and the possibility of using crude enzyme extracts. CLEAs provide lipase stabilization under extreme temperature or pH conditions or in the presence of organic solvents, in addition to preventing enzyme leaching in aqueous medium. However, it presents some problems in the preparation and limitations in their use. The problems in preparation refer mainly to the crosslinking step, and may be solved using an aminated feeder. The problems in handling have been tackled designing magnetic-CLEAs or trapping the CLEAs in particles with better mechanical properties, the substrate diffusion problems has been reduced by producing more porous-CLEAs, etc. The enzyme co-immobilization using combi-CLEAs is also a new tendency. Therefore, this review explores the CLEAs methodology aimed at lipase immobilization and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila S Sampaio
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Joelise A F Angelotti
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Department of Biocatalysis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, Member of The External Scientific Advisory Board, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Daniela B Hirata
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001 Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
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Xie D, Chen Y, Yu J, Yang Z, Wang X, Wang X. Progress in enrichment of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:11310-11326. [PMID: 35699651 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2086852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) has been widely used in foods, and pharmaceutical products due to its beneficial effects. The content of n-3 PUFA in natural oils is usually low, which decreases its added value. Thus, there is an increasing demand on the market for n-3 PUFA concentrates. This review firstly introduces the differences in bioavailability and oxidative stability between different types of PUFA concentrate (free fatty acid, ethyl ester and acylglycerol), and then provides a comprehensive discussion of different methods for enrichment of lipids with n-3 PUFA including physical-chemical methods and enzymatic methods. Lipases used for catalyzing esterification, transesterification and hydrolysis reactions play an important role in the production of highly enriched various types of n-3 PUFA concentrates. Lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis or hydrolysis reactions are the mostly employed method to prepare high-quality n-3 PUFA of structural acylglycerols. Although many important advantages offered by lipases in enrichment of n-3 PUFA, the high cost of enzyme limits its industrial-scale production. Further research should focus on looking for biological enzymes with extraordinary catalytic ability and clear selectivity. Other novel technologies such as protein engineering and immobilization may be needed to modify lipases to improve its selectivity, catalytic ability and reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xie
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ye Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Junwen Yu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaosan Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
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Tian M, Wang Z, Fu J, Lv P, Liang C, Li Z, Yang L, Liu T, Li M, Luo W. N-glycosylation as an effective strategy to enhance characteristics of Rhizomucor miehei lipase for biodiesel production. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 160:110072. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang W, Hao J, Yuan Y, Xu D. Influence of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on the Stability, Rheological Property, and in-vitro Digestion of Soy Protein Isolate (SPI)-Stabilized Rice Bran Oil Emulsion. Front Nutr 2022; 9:878725. [PMID: 35479744 PMCID: PMC9037688 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.878725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was added to soybean protein isolate (SPI)-stabilized rice bran oil (RBO) emulsion to improve its physicochemical stability and free fatty acid (FFA) release characteristics. RBO emulsions stabilized by SPI and various contents of CMC were prepared and assessed by measuring zeta potential, particle size, transmission, and microstructure, the rheological properties were analyzed by dynamic shear rheometer. In addition, its chemical stability was characterized by a storage experiment, and the FFA release was explored by a simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) model. It showed that the negative charge of the droplets of RBO emulsion was increased with increasing CMC content. The decrease in transmission of SPI-stabilized RBO emulsion with increasing CMC content was due to the droplets not being free to move by the special network interaction and an increase in the viscosity. According to the determination of the reactive substances of lipid hydroperoxide and thiobarbituric acid during 30 days storage at 37°C, the chemical stability of the emulsion added with CMC was enhanced compared with the SPI-stabilized RBO emulsion. In-vitro digestion studies not only evaluated the structural changes of RBO emulsions at different stages, but also found that RBO emulsion with CMC showed a higher level of free fatty acids release in comparison with that without CMC. It indicated that the utilization of CMC can improve the bioavailability of RBO emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Duoxia Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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30
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Li L, Lin X, Bao J, Xia H, Li F. Two Extracellular Poly(ε-caprolactone)-Degrading Enzymes From Pseudomonas hydrolytica sp. DSWY01T: Purification, Characterization, and Gene Analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:835847. [PMID: 35372294 PMCID: PMC8971842 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.835847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is an artificial polyester with commercially promising application. In this study, two novel PCL-degrading enzymes named PCLase I and PCLase II were purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant of an effective polyester-degrading bacterium, Pseudomonas hydrolytica sp. DSWY01T. The molecular masses of PCLase I and PCLase II were determined to be 27.5 and 30.0 kDa, respectively. The optimum temperatures for the enzyme activities were 50 and 40°C, and the optimum pH values were 9.0 and 10.0, respectively. The two enzymes exhibited different physical and chemical properties, but both enzymes could degrade PCL substrates into monomers and oligomers. Weight loss detection and scanning electron microscopy revealed that PCLase I had more effective degradation ability than PCLase II. The genes of the two enzymes were cloned on the basis of the peptide fingerprint analysis results. The sequence analysis and substrate specificity analysis results showed that PCLase I and PCLase II were cutinase and lipase, respectively. Interface activation experiment also confirmed this conclusion. Structural analysis and modeling were further performed to obtain possible insights on the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linying Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
| | - Xiumei Lin
- Changchun GeneScience Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - Jianfeng Bao
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongmei Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Fan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Fan Li,
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31
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Carballares D, Rocha-Martin J, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Coimmobilization of lipases exhibiting three very different stability ranges. Reuse of the active enzymes and selective discarding of the inactivated ones. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:580-590. [PMID: 35218810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) and lipases from Candida rugosa (CRL) and Rhizomucor miehei (RML) have been coimmobilized on octyl and octyl-Asp agarose beads. CALB was much more stable than CRL, that was significantly more stable than RML. This forces the user to discard immobilized CALB and CRL when only RML has been inactivated, or immobilized CALB when CRL have been inactivated. To solve this problem, a new strategy has been proposed using three different immobilization protocols. CALB was covalently immobilized on octyl-vinyl sulfone agarose and blocked with Asp. Then, CRL was immobilized via interfacial activation. After coating both immobilized enzymes with polyethylenimine, RML could be immobilized via ion exchange. That way, by incubating in ammonium sulfate solutions, inactivated RML could be released enabling the reuse of coimmobilized CRL and CALB to build a new combi-lipase. Incubating in triton and ammonium sulfate solutions, it was possible to release inactivated CRL and RML, enabling the reuse of immobilized CALB when CRL was inactivated. These cycles could be repeated for 3 full cycles, maintaining the activity of the active and immobilized enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Carballares
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, José Antonio Novais 12, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academic, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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32
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Singhania V, Cortes-Clerget M, Dussart-Gautheret J, Akkachairin B, Yu J, Akporji N, Gallou F, Lipshutz BH. Lipase-catalyzed esterification in water enabled by nanomicelles. Applications to 1-pot multi-step sequences. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1440-1445. [PMID: 35222928 PMCID: PMC8809412 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05660c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esterification in an aqueous micellar medium is catalyzed by a commercially available lipase in the absence of any co-factors. The presence of only 2 wt% designer surfactant, TPGS-750-M, assists in a 100% selective enzymatic process in which only primary alcohols participate (in a 1 : 1 ratio with carboxylic acid). An unexpected finding is also disclosed where the simple additive, PhCF3 (1 equiv. vs. substrate), appears to significantly extend the scope of usable acid/alcohol combinations. Taken together, several chemo- and bio-catalyzed 1-pot, multi-step reactions can now be performed in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani Singhania
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Margery Cortes-Clerget
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Jade Dussart-Gautheret
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Bhornrawin Akkachairin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | - Julie Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Nnamdi Akporji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | | | - Bruce H Lipshutz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
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33
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Ferreira Gonçalves GR, Ramos Gandolfi OR, Brito MJP, Bonomo RCF, da Costa Ilhéu Fontan R, Veloso CM. Immobilization of porcine pancreatic lipase on activated carbon by adsorption and covalent bonding and its application in the synthesis of butyl butyrate. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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34
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Rodrigues RC, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Carballares D, Morellon-Sterling R, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Stabilization of enzymes via immobilization: Multipoint covalent attachment and other stabilization strategies. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 52:107821. [PMID: 34455028 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of enzymes in industrial processes requires the improvement of their features in many instances. Enzyme immobilization, a requirement to facilitate the recovery and reuse of these water-soluble catalysts, is one of the tools that researchers may utilize to improve many of their properties. This review is focused on how enzyme immobilization may improve enzyme stability. Starting from the stabilization effects that an enzyme may experience by the mere fact of being inside a solid particle, we detail other possibilities to stabilize enzymes: generation of favorable enzyme environments, prevention of enzyme subunit dissociation in multimeric enzymes, generation of more stable enzyme conformations, or enzyme rigidification via multipoint covalent attachment. In this last point, we will discuss the features of an "ideal" immobilization protocol to maximize the intensity of the enzyme-support interactions. The most interesting active groups in the support (glutaraldehyde, epoxide, glyoxyl and vinyl sulfone) will be also presented, discussing their main properties and uses. Some instances in which the number of enzyme-support bonds is not directly related to a higher stabilization will be also presented. Finally, the possibility of coupling site-directed mutagenesis or chemical modification to get a more intense multipoint covalent immobilization will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C Rodrigues
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology Lab, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Carballares
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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35
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Zhong L, Feng Y, Hu H, Xu J, Wang Z, Du Y, Cui J, Jia S. Enhanced enzymatic performance of immobilized lipase on metal organic frameworks with superhydrophobic coating for biodiesel production. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 602:426-436. [PMID: 34144301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the interfacial catalysis of lipase, Herein, the hydrophobic ZIF-L coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and used to immobilize lipase from Aspergillus oryzae (AOL) for biodiesel production. The results showed that the PDMS coating enhanced the stability of ZIF-8 and ZIF-L in PBS. Immobilization efficiency of AOL on PDMS-modified ZIF-L was 96% under optimized conditions. The resultant immobilized lipase (AOL@PDMS-ZIF-L) exhibited higher activity recovery (430%) than AOL@ZIF-L. Meanwhile, compared with free lipase, the AOL@PDMS-ZIF-L exhibited better storage stability and thermal stability. After 150 days of storage, the free lipase retained only 20% of its original activity of hydrolyzing p-NPP, while the AOL@PDMS-ZIF-L still retained 90% of its original activity. The biodiesel yield catalyzed from soybean oil by free lipase was only 69%, However, the biodiesel yield by AOL@PDMS-ZIF-L reached 94%, and could still be maintained at 85% even after 5 consecutive cycles. It is believed that this convenient and versatile strategy has great promise in the important fields of immobilized lipase on MOF for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yuxiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Hongtong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jiabao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Yingjie Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jiandong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Shiru Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, PR China
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36
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Enzyme co-immobilization: Always the biocatalyst designers' choice…or not? Biotechnol Adv 2021; 51:107584. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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37
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Aselmeyer C, Légeret B, Bénarouche A, Sorigué D, Parsiegla G, Beisson F, Carrière F. Fatty Acid Photodecarboxylase Is an Interfacial Enzyme That Binds to Lipid-Water Interfaces to Access Its Insoluble Substrate. Biochemistry 2021; 60:3200-3212. [PMID: 34633183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid photodecarboxylase (FAP), one of the few natural photoenzymes characterized so far, is a promising biocatalyst for lipid-to-hydrocarbon conversion using light. However, the optimum supramolecular organization under which the fatty acid (FA) substrate should be presented to FAP has not been addressed. Using palmitic acid embedded in phospholipid liposomes, phospholipid-stabilized microemulsions, and mixed micelles, we show that FAP displays a preference for FAs present in liposomes and at the surface of microemulsions. The kinetics of adsorption onto phospholipid and galactolipid monomolecular films further suggests the ability of FAP to bind to and penetrate into membranes, with a higher affinity in the presence of FAs. The FAP structure reveals a potential interfacial recognition site with clusters of hydrophobic and basic residues surrounding the active site entrance. The resulting dipolar moment suggests the orientation of FAP at negatively charged interfaces. These findings provide important clues about the mode of action of FAP and the development of FAP-based bioconversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Aselmeyer
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7281 Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, 13009 Marseille, France.,CEA, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR 7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Bertrand Légeret
- CEA, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR 7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Anaïs Bénarouche
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7281 Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Damien Sorigué
- CEA, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR 7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Goetz Parsiegla
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7281 Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Fred Beisson
- CEA, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), UMR 7265, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Frédéric Carrière
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7281 Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, 13009 Marseille, France
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Carvalho HF, Ferrario V, Pleiss J. Molecular Mechanism of Methanol Inhibition in CALB-Catalyzed Alcoholysis: Analyzing Molecular Dynamics Simulations by a Markov State Model. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:6570-6582. [PMID: 34494846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lipases are widely used enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis and alcoholysis of fatty acid esters. At high concentrations of small alcohols such as methanol or ethanol, many lipases are inhibited by the substrate. The molecular basis of the inhibition of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) by methanol was investigated by unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and the substrate binding kinetics was analyzed by Markov state models (MSMs). The modeled fluxes of productive methanol binding at concentrations between 50 mM and 5.5 M were in good agreement with the experimental activity profile of CALB, with a peak at 300 mM. The kinetic and structural analysis uncovered the molecular basis of CALB inhibition. Beyond 300 mM, the kinetic bottleneck results from crowding of methanol in the substrate access channel, which is caused by the gradual formation of methanol patches close to Leu140 (helix α5), Leu278, and Ile285 (helix α10) at a distance of 4-5 Å from the active site. Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of unbiased MD simulations to study enzyme-substrate interactions at realistic substrate concentrations and the feasibility of scale-bridging by an MSM analysis to derive kinetic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique F Carvalho
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Valerio Ferrario
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jürgen Pleiss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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39
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Sharma A, Thatai KS, Kuthiala T, Singh G, Arya SK. Employment of polysaccharides in enzyme immobilization. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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40
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Rmili F, Hadrich B, Chamkha M, Sayari A, Fendri A. Optimization of an organic solvent-tolerant lipase production by Staphylococcus capitis SH6. Immobilization for biodiesel production and biodegradation of waste greases. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:108-122. [PMID: 34289774 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1920034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Using the statistical approach, this work seeks to optimize the process parameters to boost the generation of an organic solvent-tolerant lipase by Staphylococcus capitis SH6. The main parameters influencing the enzyme production were identified by using Plackett-Burman's screening design. Among the test variables, only tryptone (25 g/L), malt extract (2.5 g/L), NaCl (10 g/L) and pH (7.0) contributed positively to enzyme production. Then, the crude lipase was immobilized by adsorption on CaCO3 at pH 10. A maximum immobilization efficiency of 82% was obtained by incubating 280 mg of enzyme with CaCO3 (1 g) during 30 min. The immobilized lipase was more stable toward organic solvents than the free enzyme. It retained about 90% of its original activity in the presence of ethanol and methanol. After that, the immobilized enzyme was used for biodiesel production by transesterification process between waste oil and methanol or ethanol during 24 h at 30 °C. Our results show that the lipase can be utilized efficiently in biodiesel industry. Likewise, we have demonstrated that the immobilized enzyme may be implicated in the biodegradability of waste grease; the maximum conversion yield into fatty acids obtained after 12 h at 30 °C, was 57%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Rmili
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Bilel Hadrich
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Chamkha
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Adel Sayari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Fendri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Temperature-resistant and solvent-tolerant lipases as industrial biocatalysts: Biotechnological approaches and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:127-142. [PMID: 34298046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of new biocatalytic systems to replace the chemical catalysts, with suitable characteristics in terms of efficiency, stability under high temperature reactions and in the presence of organic solvents, reusability, and eco-friendliness is considered a very important step to move towards the green processes. From this basis, the use of lipase as a catalyst is highly desired for many industrial applications because it offers the reactions in which could be used, stability in harsh conditions, reusability and a greener process. Therefore, the introduction of temperature-resistant and solvent-tolerant lipases have become essential and ideal for industrial applications. Temperature-resistant and solvent-tolerant lipases have been involved in many large-scale applications including biodiesel, detergent, food, pharmaceutical, organic synthesis, biosensing, pulp and paper, textile, animal feed, cosmetics, and leather industry. So, the present review provides a comprehensive overview of the industrial use of lipase. Moreover, special interest in biotechnological and biochemical techniques for enhancing temperature-resistance and solvent-tolerance of lipases to be suitable for the industrial uses.
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Adina SR, Suwanto A, Meryandini A, Puspitasari E. Expression of novel acidic lipase from Micrococcus luteus in Pichia pastoris and its application in transesterification. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:55. [PMID: 33826047 PMCID: PMC8026790 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00155-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Lipases are promising biocatalysts for industrial applications and attract attention to be explored. A novel acidic lipase has been isolated from the lipolytic bacteria Micrococcus luteus EMP48-D (LipEMP48-D) screened from tempeh. The lipase gene had previously been overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21, but the expression level obtained was relatively low. Here, to improve the expression level, the lipase gene was cloned to Pichia pastoris. We eliminated the native signal sequence of M. luteus and replaced it with α-mating factor (α-MF) signal sequence. We also optimized and synthesized the lipase gene based on codon preference in P. pastoris. Results LipEMP48-D lipase was expressed as an extracellular protein. Codon optimization has been conducted for 20 codons, with the codon adaption index reaching 0.995. The highest extracellular lipase activity obtained reached 145.4 ± 4.8 U/mg under AOX1 promoter in P. pastoris KM71 strain, which was 9.7-fold higher than the previous activity in E. coli. LipEMP48-D showed the highest specific activity at pH 5.0 and stable within the pH range 3.0–5.0 at 40 °C. LipEMP48-D also has the capability of hydrolyzing various long-chain triglycerides, particularly olive oil (100%) followed by sunflower oil (88.5%). LipEMP48-D exhibited high tolerance for various polar organic solvents with low log P, such as isopropanol (115.7%) and butanol (114.6%). The metal ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn+) decreased enzyme activity up to 43.1%, while Fe2+ increased relative activity of enzymes up to 200%. The conversion of free fatty acid (FFA) into fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) was low around 2.95%. Conclusions This study was the first to report overexpression of Micrococcus lipase in yeast. The extracellular expression of this acidic lipase could be potential for biocatalyst in industrial fields, especially organic synthesis, food industry, and production of biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selfela Restu Adina
- Graduate School of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Antonius Suwanto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
| | - Anja Meryandini
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Esti Puspitasari
- Department of Biotechnology Research and Development, PT Wilmar Benih Indonesia, Bekasi, 17530, Indonesia
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PTFE-Carbon Nanotubes and Lipase B from Candida antarctica-Long-Lasting Marriage for Ultra-Fast and Fully Selective Synthesis of Levulinate Esters. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14061518. [PMID: 33808937 PMCID: PMC8003637 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
An effective method for levulinic acid esters synthesis by the enzymatic Fischer esterification of levulinic acid using a lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) immobilized on the advanced material consisting of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and a hydrophobic polymer—polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon, PTFE)—as a heterogeneous biocatalyst, was developed. An active phase of the biocatalyst was obtained by immobilization via interfacial activation on the surface of the hybrid material MWCNTs/PTFE (immobilization yield: 6%, activity of CALB: 5000 U∙L∙kg−1, enzyme loading: 22.5 wt.%). The catalytic activity of the obtained biocatalyst and the effects of the selected reaction parameters, including the agitation speed, the amount of PTFE in the CALB/MWCNT-PTFE biocatalyst, the amount of CALB/MWCNT-PTFE, the type of organic solvent, n-butanol excess, were tested in the esterification of levulinic acid by n-butanol. The results showed that the use of a two-fold excess of levulinic acid to n-butanol, 22.5 wt.% of CALB on MWCNT-PTFE (0.10 wt.%) and cyclohexane as a solvent at 20 °C allowed one to obtain n-butyl levulinate with a high yield (99%) and selectivity (>99%) after 45 min. The catalyst retained its activity and stability after three cycles, and then started to lose activity until dropping to a 69% yield of ester in the sixth reaction run. The presented method has opened the new possibilities for environmentally friendly synthesis of levulinate esters.
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Modulation of the Biocatalytic Properties of a Novel Lipase from Psychrophilic Serratia sp. (USBA-GBX-513) by Different Immobilization Strategies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061574. [PMID: 33809323 PMCID: PMC8001504 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the effect of different immobilization procedures on the properties of a lipase obtained from the extremophilic microorganism Serratia sp. USBA-GBX-513, which was isolated from Paramo soils of Los Nevados National Natural Park (Colombia), is reported. Different Shepharose beads were used: octyl-(OC), octyl-glyoxyl-(OC-GLX), cyanogen bromide (BrCN)-, and Q-Sepharose. The performance of the different immobilized extremophile lipase from Serratia (ESL) was compared with that of the lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB). In all immobilization tests, hyperactivation of ESL was observed. The highest hyperactivation (10.3) was obtained by immobilization on the OC support. Subsequently, the thermal stability at pH 5, 7, and 9 and the stability in the presence of 50% (v/v) acetonitrile, 50% dioxane, and 50% tetrahydrofuran solvents at pH 7 and 40 °C were evaluated. ESL immobilized on octyl-Sepharose was the most stable biocatalyst at 90 °C and pH 9, while the most stable preparation at pH 5 was ESL immobilized on OC-GLX-Sepharose supports. Finally, in the presence of 50% (v/v) tetrahydrofuran (THF) or dioxane at 40 °C, ESL immobilized on OC-Sepharose was the most stable biocatalyst, while the immobilized preparation of ESL on Q-Sepharose was the most stable one in 40% (v/v) acetonitrile.
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Xing S, Zhu R, Cheng K, Cai Y, Hu Y, Li C, Zeng X, Zhu Q, He L. Gene Expression, Biochemical Characterization of a sn-1, 3 Extracellular Lipase From Aspergillus niger GZUF36 and Its Model-Structure Analysis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:633489. [PMID: 33776965 PMCID: PMC7994357 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.633489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a sn-1, 3 extracellular lipases from Aspergillus niger GZUF36 (PEXANL1) was expressed in Pichia pastoris, characterized, and the predicted structural model was analyzed. The optimized culture conditions of P. pastoris showed that the highest lipase activity of 66.5 ± 1.4 U/mL (P < 0.05) could be attained with 1% methanol and 96 h induction time. The purified PEXANL1 exhibited the highest activity at pH 4.0 and 40°C temperature, and its original activity remained unaltered in the majority of the organic solvents (20% v/v concentration). Triton X-100, Tween 20, Tween 80, and SDS at a concentration of 0.01% (w/v) enhanced, and all the metal ions tested inhibited activity of purified PEXANL. The results of ultrasound-assisted PEXANL1 catalyzed synthesis of 1,3-diaglycerides showed that the content of 1,3-diglycerides was rapidly increased to 36.90% with 25 min of ultrasound duration (P < 0.05) and later decreased to 19.93% with 35 min of ultrasound duration. The modeled structure of PEXANL1 by comparative modeling showed α/β hydrolase fold. Structural superposition and molecular docking results validated that Ser162, His274, and Asp217 residues of PEXANL1 were involved in the catalysis. Small-angle X-ray scattering analysis indicated the monomer properties of PEXANL1 in solution. The ab initio model of PEXANL1 overlapped with its modeling structure. This work presents a reliable structural model of A. niger lipase based on homology modeling and small-angle X-ray scattering. Besides, the data from this study will benefit the rational design of suitable crystalline lipase variants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Xing
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ruonan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yangyang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuedan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Cuiqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuefeng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiujin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Laping He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Effect of Concentrated Salts Solutions on the Stability of Immobilized Enzymes: Influence of Inactivation Conditions and Immobilization Protocol. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040968. [PMID: 33673063 PMCID: PMC7918437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the effects of some salts (NaCl, (NH4)2SO4 and Na2SO4) at pH 5.0, 7.0 and 9.0 on the stability of 13 different immobilized enzymes: five lipases, three proteases, two glycosidases, and one laccase, penicillin G acylase and catalase. The enzymes were immobilized to prevent their aggregation. Lipases were immobilized via interfacial activation on octyl agarose or on glutaraldehyde-amino agarose beads, proteases on glyoxyl agarose or glutaraldehyde-amino agarose beads. The use of high concentrations of salts usually has some effects on enzyme stability, but the intensity and nature of these effects depends on the inactivation pH, nature and concentration of the salt, enzyme and immobilization protocol. The same salt can be a stabilizing or a destabilizing agent for a specific enzyme depending on its concentration, inactivation pH and immobilization protocol. Using lipases, (NH4)2SO4 generally permits the highest stabilities (although this is not a universal rule), but using the other enzymes this salt is in many instances a destabilizing agent. At pH 9.0, it is more likely to find a salt destabilizing effect than at pH 7.0. Results confirm the difficulty of foreseeing the effect of high concentrations of salts in a specific immobilized enzyme.
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Monteiro RR, Virgen-Ortiz JJ, Berenguer-Murcia Á, da Rocha TN, dos Santos JC, Alcántara AR, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Biotechnological relevance of the lipase A from Candida antarctica. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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48
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Arana-Peña S, Rios NS, Carballares D, Gonçalves LR, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of lipases via interfacial activation on hydrophobic supports: Production of biocatalysts libraries by altering the immobilization conditions. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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49
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Wang S, Xu Y, Yu XW. A phenylalanine dynamic switch controls the interfacial activation of Rhizopus chinensis lipase. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 173:1-12. [PMID: 33476612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic mechanism of most lipases involves a step called "interfacial activation" which significantly increases lipases activity beyond the critical micellar concentration (CMC) of substrate. In the present study, Rhizopus chinensis lipase (RCL) was used as a research model to explore the mechanism of lipase interfacial activation beyond the CMC. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations indicated the open- and closed-lid transitions and revealed that Phe113 was the critical site for RCL activation by its dynamic flipping. Such putative switch affecting interfacial activation has not been reported in lipase so far. The function of Phe113 was subsequently verified by mutation experiments. The F113W mutant increases the lipase catalytic efficiency (1.9 s-1·μM-1) to 280% at the optimum temperature (40 °C) and pH 8.5 with the addition of 0.12 μg protein in the 200 μL reaction system. MD simulations indicated that the fast flipping rate from the closed to the open state, the high open state proportion, and the exposure of the catalytic triad are the main reasons for the lipase activation. The mutual corroboration of simulations and site-directed mutagenesis results revealed the vital role of Phe113 in the lipase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiao-Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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Liang W, Wied P, Carraro F, Sumby CJ, Nidetzky B, Tsung CK, Falcaro P, Doonan CJ. Metal–Organic Framework-Based Enzyme Biocomposites. Chem Rev 2021; 121:1077-1129. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Peter Wied
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christopher J. Sumby
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Chia-Kuang Tsung
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christian J. Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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