1
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Pan B, Zheng L, Liu S, Fang J, Lou C, Hu X, Ye L, Lai H, Gao J, Zhang Y, Ni K, He D. MiR-148a deletion protects from bone loss in physiological and estrogen-deficient mice by targeting NRP1. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:470. [DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBone metabolic homeostasis is largely dependent on the dynamic balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in regulating bone metabolism. In this study, we explored the role of a new miRNA (miR-148a) in osteoporosis. We compared the bone phenotype between miR-148a knockout (KO) mice and the wild-type (WT) littermates. We found miR-148a KO mice exhibited an increased bone mass phenotype and decreased osteoclastogenesis compared to the WT group. In vitro, miR-148a overexpression promoted osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption function. Mechanistically, NRP1 was identified as a novel direct target of miR-148a, and NRP1 silencing reversed the effect of miR-148a knockout. In OVX and calvarial osteolysis models, miR-148a KO protects mice against excessive bone resorption, while miR-148a agomiR/AAV-shNRP1 accelerates pathologic bone loss. Finally, the miR-148a level was found to be positively correlated with β-CTX in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) serum specimens. In summary, our findings revealed that miR-148a genetic deletion ameliorates bone loss under physiological and pathological conditions by targeting NRP1. In osteoclast-related bone metabolic diseases such as PMOP, miR-148a may be an attractive therapeutic target in the future.
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2
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Xiang H, Tu B, Luo M, Hou P, Wang J, Zhang R, Wu L. Knockdown of UCA1 attenuated the progression of alcoholic fatty disease by sponging miR-214. Mamm Genome 2022; 33:534-542. [PMID: 35381856 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-022-09953-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) is the initial manifestation of Alcoholic liver disease which can develop into alcoholic cirrhosis even extensive necrosis of liver cells, which induces liver failure finally. This study aims to focus on the role of long noncoding RNA UCA1 in AFL and further explored possible mechanism of this disease. We first downloaded GSE28619 to identify the expression of UCA1 in patients with AFL and use lncRNAs microarray to confirm UCA1 expression in serum of patients with AFL. Then we established ethanol-induced L02 cell model to mimic hepatocyte injury condition. By conducting qRT-PCR, we measured the expression of LncRNA UCA1 and miR-214 in serum of patients and ethanol-induced L02 cell. MTT assay, transwell migration, ELISA, qRT-PCR, and western blotting analysis were applied to evaluating the effect of UCA1 on ethanol-induced L02 cell. The bioinformatics analysis and the rescue experiment were devoted to the underlying mechanism. In this study, we first detected the expression of UCA1 was up-regulated in serum of patients with AFL and ethanol-induced L02 cells. And knockdown of UCA1 reversed the inhibiting effect of ethanol on the biological behavior of L02 cells including cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Besides, lncRNA UCA1 regulated the expression of KLF5 by sponging miR-214. LncRNA UCA1 regulated the biological behavior of ethanol-induced L02 cells by sponging miR-214, which may provide novel therapeutic strategies for alcoholic fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huali Xiang
- Department of Health Management and Physical Examination, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Binfeng Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ping Hou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jiakun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Rongguiyi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Linquan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
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3
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Han H, Xiao H, Wu Z, Liu L, Chen M, Gu H, Wang H, Chen L. The miR-98-3p/JAG1/Notch1 axis mediates the multigenerational inheritance of osteopenia caused by maternal dexamethasone exposure in female rat offspring. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:298-308. [PMID: 35332257 PMCID: PMC8979986 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
As a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone is widely used to treat potential premature delivery and related diseases. Our previous studies have shown that prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) can cause bone dysplasia and susceptibility to osteoporosis in female rat offspring. However, whether the effect of PDE on bone development can be extended to the third generation (F3 generation) and its multigenerational mechanism of inheritance have not been reported. In this study, we found that PDE delayed fetal bone development and reduced adult bone mass in female rat offspring of the F1 generation, and this effect of low bone mass caused by PDE even continued to the F2 and F3 generations. Furthermore, we found that PDE increases the expression of miR-98-3p but decreases JAG1/Notch1 signaling in the bone tissue of female fetal rats. Moreover, the expression changes of miR-98-3p/JAG1/Notch1 caused by PDE continued from the F1 to F3 adult offspring. Furthermore, the expression levels of miR-98-3p in oocytes of the F1 and F2 generations were increased. We also confirmed that dexamethasone upregulates the expression of miR-98-3p in vitro and shows targeted inhibition of JAG1/Notch1 signaling, leading to poor osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In conclusion, maternal dexamethasone exposure caused low bone mass in female rat offspring with a multigenerational inheritance effect, the mechanism of which is related to the inhibition of JAG1/Notch1 signaling caused by the continuous upregulation of miR-98-3p expression in bone tissues transmitted by F2 and F3 oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hanwen Gu
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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4
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Austin-Williams S, Hussain MT, Oggero S, Norling LV. Enhancing extracellular vesicles for therapeutic treatment of arthritic joints. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 175:80-94. [PMID: 34461260 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are small membrane-derived packages of information that are released from virtually all cell types. These nano-packages contain regulatory material including proteins, lipids, mRNA and microRNA and are a key mechanism of paracellular communication within a given microenvironment. Encompassed with a lipid bilayer, these organelles have been attributed numerous roles in regulating both physiological and pathological functions. Herein, we describe the role of EVs in the context of Rheumatoid and Osteoarthritis and explore how they could be harnessed to treat inflammatory and degenerative joint conditions. These structures offer a promising therapeutic strategy for treating musculoskeletal diseases due to their bioactive content, stability, small size and intrinsic ability to enter the avascular cartilage, a notoriously challenging tissue to target. We also discuss how EVs can be manipulated to load therapeutic cargo or present additional targeting moieties to enhance their beneficial actions and tissue regenerative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Austin-Williams
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed T Hussain
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Oggero
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy V Norling
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
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5
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Wang J, Xin S, Yang R, Jiang J, Qiao Y. Knockdown of lncRNA LUCAT1 attenuates sepsis‑induced myocardial cell injury by sponging miR-642a. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:457-465. [PMID: 34272987 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The heart is one of the most common organs involved in sepsis-induced organ dysfunction and about 50% septic patients complicated with myocardial injury. So far, the molecular mechanisms underlying sepsis-induced cardiac damage remain unclear. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of miR-642a on sepsis-induced cardiac injury in vitro and explore the possible lncRNA-microRNA mechanism. We first downloaded GSE101639 to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in sepsis. The expression of miR-642a in LPS-induced H9C2 cells was detected by qRT-PCR. MTT assay, cell migration, flow cytometry analysis, ELISA, qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis were applied to evaluating the effect of miR-642a mimic on LPS-induced H9C2 cells. The bioinformatics analysis and the rescue experiment were devoted to the underlying mechanism. The results showed miR-642a expression was decreased in septic patients and LPS-induced H9C2 cells. Besides, MiR-642a mimic promoted cell viability and migration, inhibited cell apoptosis of LPS-induced H9C2 cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed miR-642a directly targets with 3'-UTR of ROCK1. Moreover, LUCAT1 regulated ROCK1 expression act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-642a. Our data demonstrated that lncRNA LUCAT1 could function via sponging miR-642a to regulate ROCK1 expression in LPS-induced H9C2 cells. And knockdown of lncRNA LUCAT1 could suppress LPS-induced cardiac injury in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, No.190, Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Shaobin Xin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, No.190, Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jiawei Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Youjie Qiao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, No.190, Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao, Tianjin, 300121, China.
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6
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Qi L, Wang W, Zhao G, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Jin H, Yu H, Xu H. Circular RNA circitga7 accelerates glioma progression via miR-34a-5p/VEGFA axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:13138-13152. [PMID: 33962397 PMCID: PMC8148479 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of noncoding RNAs derived from back-splicing events. CircRNA is reported to be involved in various tumor progressions, including glioma. Although there are a few reports of circular RNAs participating in gliomas, it is still unclear whether circular RNAs regulate the occurrence of gliomas. In our research, we found that the expression of circITGA7 in glioma tissues and glioma cells increased significantly. Knocking down circITGA7 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of glioma cells and reduce cell metastasis. Through analysis and dual-luciferase report assay, we found that circITGA7 acts as a sponge for miR-34a-5p targeting VEGFA in glioma. Our study showed that circITGA7 regulates the proliferation and metastasis of glioma cell lines (SW1783&U373) by regulating the miR-34a-5p/VEGFA pathway. In conclusion, our study revealed a regulatory loop for the circITGA7/miR-34a-5p/VEGFA axis to regulate glioma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qi
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, China
| | - Weiyao Wang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, China
| | - Guifang Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurovascular, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Donghai Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Pathology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Hongquan Yu
- Department of Oncological Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- Department of Oncological Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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7
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Zheng M, Tan J, Liu X, Jin F, Lai R, Wang X. miR-146a-5p targets Sirt1 to regulate bone mass. Bone Rep 2021; 14:101013. [PMID: 33855130 PMCID: PMC8024884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to serve as key post-transcriptional regulators, affecting diverse biological processes including osteogenic differentiation and bone formation. Recently, it has been reported that miR-146a-5p affects the activity of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. However, the target genes of miR-146a-5p in these procedures remain unknown. Here we identify miR-146a-5p as a critical suppressor of osteoblastogenesis and bone formation. We found that miR-146a-5p knockout mice exhibit elevated bone formation and enhanced bone mass in vivo. Consistently, we also found that miR-146a-5p inhibited the osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro. Importantly, we further demonstrated that miR-146a-5p directly targeted Sirt1 to inhibit osteoblast activity. Additionally, we showed that the expression of miR-146a-5p gradually increased in femurs with age not only in female mice but also in female patients, and miR-146a-5p deletion protected female mice from age-induced bone loss. These data suggested that miR-146a-5p has a crucial role in suppressing the bone formation and that inhibition of miR-146a-5p may be a strategy for ameliorating osteoporosis. MiR-146a-5p inhibits osteoblast activity by targeting Sirt1. MiR-146a-5p deletion ameliorates age-induced bone loss in mice. MiR-146a-5p expression was increased in bone specimens from older females. MiR-146a-5p was a potential target for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Zheng
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Junlong Tan
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Fujun Jin
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Renfa Lai
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100000, China
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8
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Sun Z, Wang H, Wang Y, Yuan G, Yu X, Jiang H, Wu Q, Yang B, Hu Z, Shi F, Cao X, Zhang S, Guo T, Zhao J. MiR-103-3p targets the m 6 A methyltransferase METTL14 to inhibit osteoblastic bone formation. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13298. [PMID: 33440070 PMCID: PMC7884043 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired osteoblast function is involved in osteoporosis, and microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation may cause abnormal osteoblast osteogenic activity. However, the influence of miRNA on osteoblast activity and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, miR‐103‐3p was found to be negatively correlated with bone formation in bone specimens from elderly women with fractures and ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Additionally, miR‐103‐3p directly targeted Mettl14 to inhibit osteoblast activity, and METTL14‐dependent N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) methylation inhibited miR‐103‐3p processing by the microprocessor protein DGCR8 and promoted osteoblast activity. Moreover, miR‐103‐3p inhibited bone formation in vivo, and therapeutic inhibition of miR‐103‐3p counteracted the decreased bone formation in OVX mice. Further, METTL14 was negatively correlated with miR‐103‐3p but positively correlated with bone formation in bone specimens from elderly women with fractures and OVX mice. Collectively, our results highlight the critical roles of the miR‐103‐3p/METTL14/m6A signaling axis in osteoblast activity, identifying this axis as a potential target for ameliorating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing China
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater Anhui Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Air Force Medical Center Beijing China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Guodong Yuan
- Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Binkui Yang
- Hangzhou Special Sanatorium Center of the PLA Air Force Nanjing China
| | - Zebing Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Fei Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xinsheng Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Jianning Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing China
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9
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Taniue K, Akimitsu N. The Functions and Unique Features of LncRNAs in Cancer Development and Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E632. [PMID: 33435206 PMCID: PMC7826647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, research on cancer biology has focused on the involvement of protein-coding genes in cancer development. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that lack protein-coding potential, are an important class of RNA molecules that are involved in a variety of biological functions. Although the functions of a majority of lncRNAs have yet to be clarified, some lncRNAs have been shown to be associated with human diseases such as cancer. LncRNAs have been shown to contribute to many important cancer phenotypes through their interactions with other cellular macromolecules including DNA, protein and RNA. Here we describe the literature regarding the biogenesis and features of lncRNAs. We also present an overview of the current knowledge regarding the roles of lncRNAs in cancer from the view of various aspects of cellular homeostasis, including proliferation, survival, migration and genomic stability. Furthermore, we discuss the methodologies used to identify the function of lncRNAs in cancer development and tumorigenesis. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involving lncRNA functions in cancer is critical for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenzui Taniue
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
- Cancer Genomics and Precision Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1 Midorigaoka Higashi, Asahikawa 078-8510, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Akimitsu
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
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10
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Yin C, Tian Y, Yu Y, Yang C, Su P, Zhao Y, Wang X, Zhang K, Pei J, Li D, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Miao Z, Qian A. miR-129-5p Inhibits Bone Formation Through TCF4. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:600641. [PMID: 33240893 PMCID: PMC7681249 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.600641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a frequently occurring bone disease in middle-aged and aged men and women. However, current therapies on this disease are still not ideal. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-protein-coding RNA with a length of 18–25 nucleotides. miRNAs have been identified as important regulators for development, metabolism, carcinogenesis, and bone formation. miR-129-5p has been reported as a regulator of cancer and neuroscience, whereas studies about its function on bone formation is still limited. In this study, we investigated the function and mechanism of miR-129-5p on osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. We have assessed the expression of miRNAs in bone mesenchymal stem cells from aging and menopause osteoporosis C57BL6 mice. The expression of miR-129-5p was altered in all osteoporosis models. Besides, the expression of miR-129-5p was negatively correlated with osteoblastic differentiation markers in the femur tissues of C57BL/6 mice of different ages. We further demonstrated that overexpression of miR-129-5p inhibited osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cell line, as well as bone formation of C57BL/6 mice. On the other hand, down-regulation of miR-129-5p enhanced osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. We also found that miR-129-5p inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway in osteoblast. The target gene of miR-129-5p has been forecasted and proved as Tcf4. We further found that plasmid containing Tcf4–3′ UTR sequence enhanced osteoblast differentiation, as well as Wnt/β-catenin pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells. To further investigate the rescue effect of miR-129-5p inhibitor, we manufactured bioengineered novel recombinant miR-129-5p inhibitor through Escherichia coli system and then tested its function. The results showed that the novel recombinant miR-129-5p inhibitor promoted osteoblast differentiation and greatly ameliorated menopause osteoporosis in C57BL6 mice. In conclusion, we have discovered miR-129-5p as an inhibitor of bone formation. miR-129-5p inhibited downstream transcription factors of Wnt/β-catenin pathway through targeting Tcf4. Moreover, novel recombinant miR-129-5p inhibitor showed rescue effect on osteoporosis. This study has revealed a new mechanism of osteogenic differentiation and provided novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of skeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Yin
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chaofei Yang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peihong Su
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yipu Zhao
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kewen Zhang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiawei Pei
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dijie Li
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiping Miao
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Airong Qian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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11
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Hao F, Fei X, Ren X, Xi Xiao J, Chen Y, Wang J. Pseudogene AKR1B10P1 enhances tumorigenicity and regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma via stabilizing SOX4. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11779-11790. [PMID: 32924268 PMCID: PMC7579691 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudogenes exert potential functions in tumorigenicity and tumour process in human beings. In our previous research on oncogene AKR1B10 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its pseudogene, AKR1B10P1, was preliminarily noticed being anomalistic transcribed, whereas whether AKR1B10P1 plays any specific function in HCC is poorly understood. By using shRNA transfection and lentiviral infection, we regulated the expression of ARK1B10P1 transcript and the relative targets in two ways. As we discovered, pathological transcription of AKR1B10P1 in HCC cells significantly promotes cell growth and motility either in vitro or in vivo. AKR1B10P1 was correlated with relatively dismal features of HCC. The epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) was enhanced by up‐regulating AKR1B10P1. And, a potential sequence of AKR1B10P1 transcript was discovered directly interacting with miR‐138. SOX4, a pivotal promotor of EMT, was validated as the down‐streaming target of miR‐138. Mechanistically, degradation of SOX4 mRNA induced by miR‐138 was effectively abrogated by AKR1B10P1. In conclusion, pseudogene AKR1B10P1 exerts stabilizing effect on SOX4 in HCC, associated EMT process, by directly sponging miR‐138, which post‐transcriptionally modulates SOX4’s regulating gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Fei
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinping Ren
- Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Joanna Xi Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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12
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Huang X, Xiong X, Liu J, Zhao Z, Cen X. MicroRNAs-containing extracellular vesicles in bone remodeling: An emerging frontier. Life Sci 2020; 254:117809. [PMID: 32428598 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a complex and constant process, which is maintained by well-regulated communication among various cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles, which could provide a protective environment for the transportation of various functional molecules. It has been shown that EVs could dock with distant and/or neighboring target cells, deliver cargoes to these specific cells and alter their fates. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), single-stranded non-coding RNAs with 22-26 nucleotides, could bind to mRNAs and repress the translation or stimulate the degradation of mRNAs. It is reported that EVs could serve as the mail carriers, which could cargo miRNAs to exchange information between different cells and act through a novel way to regulate signaling pathways during bone remodeling. In this review, we summarize the function of EV-miRNAs in the communication among mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and myoblasts during bone remodeling, as well as the key signaling molecules which are involved in this process. The roles of EV-miRNAs in sending intercellular messages in the microenvironment of bone remodeling could shed new light on the development of tissue engineering, and provide novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiner Xiong
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao Cen
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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13
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Wang C, Sun W, Ling S, Wang Y, Wang X, Meng H, Li Y, Yuan X, Li J, Liu R, Zhao D, Lu Q, Wang A, Guo Q, Lu S, Tian H, Li Y, Peng J. AAV-Anti-miR-214 Prevents Collapse of the Femoral Head in Osteonecrosis by Regulating Osteoblast and Osteoclast Activities. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:841-850. [PMID: 31739209 PMCID: PMC6861671 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head, an intractable but common disease that eventually triggers collapse of the femoral head, is characterized by increased osteoclast activity and markedly decreased osteoblast activity in the necrotic region of the femoral head. MicroRNA (miRNA)-214 (miR-214) may play important roles in vertebrate skeletal development by inhibiting osteoblast function by targeting activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and promoting osteoclast function via phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). This study revealed significantly increased levels of miR-214 in necrotic regions, with commensurate changes in the numbers of its target cells (both osteoblasts and osteoclasts). To investigate whether targeting miR-214 could prevent femoral head collapse, we constructed an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-associated anti-miR-214 (AAV-anti-miR-214) and evaluated its function in vivo. AAV-anti-miR-214 promoted osteoblast activity and diminished osteoclast activity, effectively preventing collapse of the femoral head in a rat model of osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shukuan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haoye Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China; The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Xueling Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoxi Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dingsheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aiyuan Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shibi Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Peking Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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14
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Song H, Li X, Zhao Z, Qian J, Wang Y, Cui J, Weng W, Cao L, Chen X, Hu Y, Su J. Reversal of Osteoporotic Activity by Endothelial Cell-Secreted Bone Targeting and Biocompatible Exosomes. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:3040-3048. [PMID: 30968694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, also known as extracellular vesicles, are naturally occurring, biocompatible, and bioacive nanoparticles ranging from 40 to 150 nm in diameter. Bone-secreted exosomes play important roles in bone homeostasis, the interruption of which can lead to diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteopetrosis. Though the relationship between vascular and bone homeostasis has been recognized recently, the role of vascular endothelial cell (EC)-secreted exosomes (EC-Exos) in bone homeostasis is not well understood. Herein, we found that EC-Exos show more efficient bone targeting than osteoblast-derived exosomes or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes. We also found that EC-Exos can be internalized by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) to alter their morphology. EC-Exos can inhibit osteoclast activity in vitro and inhibit osteoporosis in an ovariectomized mouse model. Sequencing of exosome miRNA revealed that miR-155 was highly expressed in EC-Exos-treated BMMs. The miR-155 level in EC-Exos was much higher than that in BMMs and ECs, indicating that miR-155 was endogenous cargo of EC-derived vesicles. Blockage of BMMs miR-155 levels reversed the suppression by EC-Exos of osteoclast induction, confirming that exosomal miR-155 may have therapeutic potential against osteoporosis. Taken together, our findings suggest that EC-Exos may be utilized as a bone targeting and nontoxic nanomedicine for the treatment of bone resorption disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200080 , China
| | - Xiaoqun Li
- Graduate Management Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | | | - Jin Qian
- The 11th Team of the fourth Brigade of the Basic Medical Department , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
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Liu T, Kang J, Liu F. Plasma Levels of microRNA-221 (miR-221) are Increased in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8621-8626. [PMID: 30485259 PMCID: PMC6280616 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to measure and compare the plasma levels of the microRNA (miRNA), miR-221, in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) with healthy individuals and to evaluate the potential role of miR-221 as a diagnostic biomarker for acute PE. Material/Methods In blood samples collected from 60 patients with acute PE and 50 healthy volunteers, plasma levels of microRNA were identified using a microRNA microarray, and miR-221 expression was detected using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and troponin I were measured using an automated immunoassay analyzer. D-dimer levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results From the evaluation of 32 differentially expressed plasma miRNAs, miR-221 was significantly upregulated in the plasma of patients with acute PE compared with normal individuals (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that plasma miR-221 levels in patients with acute PE were positively correlated with levels of BNP (r=0.842, P<0.05), troponin I (r=0.853; P<0.05), and D-dimer (r=0.838; P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) for plasma miR-221 was 0.823 (95% CI, 0.757–0.906) (P<0.05), compared with the AUC for D-dimer of 0.768 (95% CI, 0.727–0.853), the AUC for troponin I of 0.713 (95% CI, 0.646–0.868), and the AUC for BNP of 0.648 (95% CI, 0.601–0.723). Conclusions Plasma levels of miR-221 were significantly increased in patients with acute PE when compared with healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
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16
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Exosomes: mediators of bone diseases, protection, and therapeutics potential. Oncoscience 2018; 5:181-195. [PMID: 30035185 PMCID: PMC6049320 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a continuous lifelong process in the repair of micro-damage to bone architecture and replacement of aging tissue in bone. A failure to such process leads to pathological destructive bone diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. However, this active process is regulated by; osteoclasts, which are involved in the bone resorption process; osteoblasts, with involvement in the bone formation process and bone-derived endothelial cells, which promote angiogenesis. In the bone micro-environment, these cellular interactions are mediated by a complex interplay between cell types via direct interaction of cell secreted growth factors, such as cytokines. Recently, the discovery of exosomes (∼ 40–100 nm in size), has attracted more attention in the field of the bone remodeling process. Exosomes and microvesicles are derived from different types of bone cells such as mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and their precursors. They are also recognized to play pivotal roles in bone remodeling processes including osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and angiogenesis. In this review, we especially emphasize the origin and biogenesis of exosomes and bone cell derived exosomes in the regulatory process of bone remodeling. Moreover, this review article also focuses on exosomal secreted proteins and microRNAs and their involvement in the regulation of bone remodeling.
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17
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Signal-on electrochemiluminescence biosensor for microRNA-319a detection based on two-stage isothermal strand-displacement polymerase reaction. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 107:34-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Zhang J, Li Y, Zhao Q. Circulating miR-23b as a Novel Biomarker for Early Risk Stratification After ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Med Sci Monit 2018. [PMID: 29535290 PMCID: PMC5866732 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background miR-23b overexpression can promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduce cell growth under hypoxic conditions, suggesting that miR-23b acts as a biomarker for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of miR-23b on STEMI patients. Material/Methods We enrolled 80 eligible patients with STEMI and 60 control subjects. Blood samples were obtained at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 3 days, and 7 days after the onset of symptoms. Another blood sample was collected before and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The samples were used for real-time quantitative PCR analysis. A Siemens Immulite2000 detector (Germany) was used for cTnI detection, and the serum CK-MB content was detected by electrochemical luminescence method. Results The expression level of miR-23b was increased in patients with STEMI (P<0.05). No significance difference was observed among risk factors, although the clinical data was comparable (P>0.05). The level of miR-23b in STEMI patients after PCI was lower (P<0.05). The ROC curve of plasma miR-23b showed a separation, with an AUC of 0.809 (95%CI, 0.737–0.936, P<0.05), compared to CK-MB with an AUC of 0.753 (95%CI, 0.707–0.896) and cTnI with an AUC of 0.783 (95%CI, 0.723–0.917). Conclusions The present study reveals that miR-23b is a useful biomarker of STEMI, providing a novel insight for the diagnosis for STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungang Zhang
- Institute of Health Toxicology, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Yaxing Li
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Qingzhen Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
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miR-208a-3p Suppresses Osteoblast Differentiation and Inhibits Bone Formation by Targeting ACVR1. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 11:323-336. [PMID: 29858067 PMCID: PMC5992884 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that many microRNAs (miRNAs) are indispensable regulators of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. However, the role of miRNAs in mechanotransduction of osteoblasts remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to identify a mechanosensitive miRNA that regulates Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1)-induced osteogenic differentiation. After 4 weeks of hindlimb unloading (HLU) suspension of 6-month-old male C57BL/6J mice, femurs and tibias were harvested to extract total bone RNAs. Elevated levels of miR-208a-3p correlated with a lower degree of bone formation in whole-bone samples of HLU mice. However, in vitro overexpression of miR-208a-3p inhibited osteoblast differentiation, whereas silencing of miR-208a-3p by antagomiR-208a-3p promoted expression of osteoblast activity, bone formation marker genes, and matrix mineralization under mechanical unloading condition. Bioinformatics analysis and a luciferase assay revealed that ACVR1 is a target gene of miR-208a-3p that negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation under mechanical unloading environment. Further, this study also demonstrates that in vivo pre-treatment with antagomiR-208a-3p led to an increase in bone formation and trabecular microarchitecture and partly rescued the bone loss caused by mechanical unloading. Collectively, these results suggest that in vivo, inhibition of miRNA-208a-3p by antagomiR-208a-3p may be a potential therapeutic strategy for ameliorating bone loss.
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20
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Yang Y, Junjie P, Sanjun C, Ma Y. Long non-coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer: Progression and Future Directions. J Cancer 2017; 8:3212-3225. [PMID: 29158793 PMCID: PMC5665037 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence with its corresponding genetic and epigenetic alterations has significantly increased our knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the molecular mechanisms of colorectal carcinogenesis and metastasis haven't been clearly elucidated. Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) are key participants of gene regulations rather than “noises”. Accumulative studies have implicated that the aberrant expressions of lncRNAs are tightly corelated to CRC screening, diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic outcomes. Our review focuses on recent findings on the involvement of lncRNAs in CRC oncogenesis and the lncRNA-based clinical implications in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peng Junjie
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cai Sanjun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanlei Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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21
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Zhu S, Yao F, Qiu H, Zhang G, Xu H, Xu J. Coupling factors and exosomal packaging microRNAs involved in the regulation of bone remodelling. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 93:469-480. [PMID: 28795526 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodelling is a continuous process by which bone resorption by osteoclasts is followed by bone formation by osteoblasts to maintain skeletal homeostasis. These two forces must be tightly coordinated not only quantitatively, but also in time and space, and its malfunction leads to diseases such as osteoporosis. Recent research focusing on the cross-talk and coupling mechanisms associated with the sequential recruitment of osteoblasts to areas where osteoclasts have removed bone matrix have identified a number of osteogenic factors produced by the osteoclasts themselves. Osteoclast-derived factors and exosomal-containing microRNA (miRNA) can either enhance or inhibit osteoblast differentiation through paracrine and juxtacrine mechanisms, and therefore may have a central coupling role in bone formation. Entwined with angiocrine factors released by vessel-specific endothelial cells and perivascular cells or pericytes, these factors play a critical role in angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling essential in bone remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.,Molecular Laboratory, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, M504, Australia
| | - Felix Yao
- Molecular Laboratory, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, M504, Australia
| | - Heng Qiu
- Molecular Laboratory, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, M504, Australia
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.,Molecular Laboratory, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, M504, Australia
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Rigoutsos I, Lee SK, Nam SY, Anfossi S, Pasculli B, Pichler M, Jing Y, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Telonis AG, Rossi S, Ivan C, Catela Ivkovic T, Fabris L, Clark PM, Ling H, Shimizu M, Redis RS, Shah MY, Zhang X, Okugawa Y, Jung EJ, Tsirigos A, Huang L, Ferdin J, Gafà R, Spizzo R, Nicoloso MS, Paranjape AN, Shariati M, Tiron A, Yeh JJ, Teruel-Montoya R, Xiao L, Melo SA, Menter D, Jiang ZQ, Flores ER, Negrini M, Goel A, Bar-Eli M, Mani SA, Liu CG, Lopez-Berestein G, Berindan-Neagoe I, Esteller M, Kopetz S, Lanza G, Calin GA. N-BLR, a primate-specific non-coding transcript leads to colorectal cancer invasion and migration. Genome Biol 2017; 18:98. [PMID: 28535802 PMCID: PMC5442648 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-017-1224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-coding RNAs have been drawing increasing attention in recent years as functional data suggest that they play important roles in key cellular processes. N-BLR is a primate-specific long non-coding RNA that modulates the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, facilitates cell migration, and increases colorectal cancer invasion. Results We performed multivariate analyses of data from two independent cohorts of colorectal cancer patients and show that the abundance of N-BLR is associated with tumor stage, invasion potential, and overall patient survival. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments we found that N-BLR facilitates migration primarily via crosstalk with E-cadherin and ZEB1. We showed that this crosstalk is mediated by a pyknon, a short ~20 nucleotide-long DNA motif contained in the N-BLR transcript and is targeted by members of the miR-200 family. In light of these findings, we used a microarray to investigate the expression patterns of other pyknon-containing genomic loci. We found multiple such loci that are differentially transcribed between healthy and diseased tissues in colorectal cancer and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Moreover, we identified several new loci whose expression correlates with the colorectal cancer patients’ overall survival. Conclusions The primate-specific N-BLR is a novel molecular contributor to the complex mechanisms that underlie metastasis in colorectal cancer and a potential novel biomarker for this disease. The presence of a functional pyknon within N-BLR and the related finding that many more pyknon-containing genomic loci in the human genome exhibit tissue-specific and disease-specific expression suggests the possibility of an alternative class of biomarkers and therapeutic targets that are primate-specific. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-017-1224-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidore Rigoutsos
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Sang Kil Lee
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: Institute of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Youn Nam
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Medical School, Daegu, Korea
| | - Simone Anfossi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barbara Pasculli
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: Laboratory of Oncology, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Martin Pichler
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yi Jing
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA interference and non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aristeidis G Telonis
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Simona Rossi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Research Division of the Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA interference and non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tina Catela Ivkovic
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Linda Fabris
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter M Clark
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hui Ling
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Masayoshi Shimizu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roxana S Redis
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: ProQR Therapeutics, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Maitri Y Shah
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinna Zhang
- Center for RNA interference and non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yoshinaga Okugawa
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, and Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Eun Jung Jung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | | | - Li Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jana Ferdin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roberta Gafà
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spizzo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: CRO, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Milena S Nicoloso
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: CRO, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Anurag N Paranjape
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maryam Shariati
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aida Tiron
- Department of Medicine, Nassau University Medical Center, 2201 Hempstead Tpke, East Meadow, NY, 11554, USA
| | - Jen Jen Yeh
- Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Raul Teruel-Montoya
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Present address: Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBEER (CB15/00055), Murcia, Spain
| | - Lianchun Xiao
- Division of Quantitative Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sonia A Melo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, and Ipatimup - Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Porto University, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - David Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhi-Qin Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elsa R Flores
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ajay Goel
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, and Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Menashe Bar-Eli
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chang Gong Liu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA interference and non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Medfuture, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Research Center for Advanced Medicine - University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology- The Oncology Institute " Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giovanni Lanza
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. .,Center for RNA interference and non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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23
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Liu J, Li D, Dang L, Liang C, Guo B, Lu C, He X, Cheung HYS, He B, Liu B, Li F, Lu J, Wang L, Shaikh AB, Jiang F, Lu C, Peng S, Zhang Z, Zhang BT, Pan X, Xiao L, Lu A, Zhang G. Osteoclastic miR-214 targets TRAF3 to contribute to osteolytic bone metastasis of breast cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40487. [PMID: 28071724 PMCID: PMC5223164 DOI: 10.1038/srep40487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of osteoclastic miRNAs in regulating osteolytic bone metastasis (OBM) of breast cancer is still underexplored. Here, we examined the expression profiles of osteoclastogenic miRNAs in human bone specimens and identified that miR-214-3p was significantly upregulated in breast cancer patients with OBM. Consistently, we found increased miR-214-3p within osteoclasts, which was associated with the elevated bone resorption, during the development of OBM in human breast cancer xenografted nude mice (BCX). Furthermore, genetic ablation of osteoclastic miR-214-3p in nude mice prevent the development of OBM. Conditioned medium from MDA-MB-231 cells dramatically stimulated miR-214-3p expression to promote osteoclast differentiation. Mechanistically, a series of in vitro study showed that miR-214-3p directly targeted Traf3 to promote osteoclast activity and bone-resorbing activity. In addition, osteoclast-specific miR-214-3p knock-in mice showed remarkably increased bone resorption when compared to the littermate controls, which was attenuated after osteoclast-targeted treatment with Traf3 3'UTR-containing plasmid. In BCX nude mice, osteoclast-targeted antagomir-214-3p delivery could recover the TRAF3 protein expression and attenuate the development of OBM, respectively. Collectively, inhibition of osteoclastic miR-214-3p may be a potential therapeutic strategy for breast cancer patients with OBM. Meanwhile, the intraosseous TRAF3 could be a promising biomarker for evaluation of the treatment response of antagomir-214-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Defang Li
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Lab of Combinatorial Compounds and Targeted Drug Delivery in Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine &Translational Science, HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Dang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Lab of Combinatorial Compounds and Targeted Drug Delivery in Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine &Translational Science, HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Baosheng Guo
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shum Yiu Foon Shum Bik Chuen Memorial Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hilda Y S Cheung
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Lab of Combinatorial Compounds and Targeted Drug Delivery in Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine &Translational Science, HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing He
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Biao Liu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfei Li
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Atik Badshah Shaikh
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Changwei Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Songlin Peng
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen People's Hospital, Ji Nan University Second College of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zongkang Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bao-Ting Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Bao'an Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University &Shenzhen 8th People Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lianbo Xiao
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Guanghua Integrtive Medicine Hospital/Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Lab of Combinatorial Compounds and Targeted Drug Delivery in Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine &Translational Science, HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Shum Yiu Foon Shum Bik Chuen Memorial Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Guanghua Integrtive Medicine Hospital/Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone &Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Lab of Combinatorial Compounds and Targeted Drug Delivery in Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine &Translational Science, HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Shum Yiu Foon Shum Bik Chuen Memorial Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Guanghua Integrtive Medicine Hospital/Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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24
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Johnson GS, Li J, Beaver LM, Dashwood WM, Sun D, Rajendran P, Williams DE, Ho E, Dashwood RH. A functional pseudogene, NMRAL2P, is regulated by Nrf2 and serves as a coactivator of NQO1 in sulforaphane-treated colon cancer cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 27860235 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The anticancer agent sulforaphane (SFN) acts via multiple mechanisms to modulate gene expression, including the induction of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)-dependent signaling and the inhibition of histone deacetylase activity. Transcriptomics studies were performed in SFN-treated human colon cancer cells and in nontransformed colonic epithelial cells in order to pursue new mechanistic leads. METHODS AND RESULTS RNA-sequencing corroborated the expected changes in cancer-related pathways after SFN treatment. In addition to NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) and other well-known Nrf2-dependent targets, SFN strongly induced the expression of Loc344887. This noncoding RNA was confirmed as a novel functional pseudogene for NmrA-like redox sensor 1, and was given the name NmrA-like redox sensor 2 pseudogene (NMRAL2P). Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments corroborated the presence of Nrf2 interactions on the NMRAL2P genomic region, and interestingly, NMRAL2P also served as a coregulator of NQO1 in human colon cancer cells. Silencing of NMRAL2P via CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing protected against SFN-mediated inhibition of cancer cell growth, colony formation, and migration. CONCLUSION NMRAL2P is the first functional pseudogene to be identified both as a direct transcriptional target of Nrf2, and as a downstream regulator of Nrf2-dependent NQO1 induction. Further studies are warranted on NMRAL2P-Nrf2 crosstalk and the associated mechanisms of gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin S Johnson
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jia Li
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura M Beaver
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.,School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - W Mohaiza Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deqiang Sun
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Praveen Rajendran
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David E Williams
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.,Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.,School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Roderick H Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA
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25
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Deniz E, Erman B. Long noncoding RNA (lincRNA), a new paradigm in gene expression control. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 17:135-143. [PMID: 27681237 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) are defined as RNA transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. By definition, these RNAs must not have open reading frames that encode proteins. Many of these transcripts are encoded by RNA polymerase II, are spliced, and are poly-adenylated. This final fact indicates that there is a trove of information about lincRNAs in databases such as the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), which is a repository for RNAseq and microarray data. Recent experiments indicate that there are upwards of 15,000 lincRNAs encoded by the human genome. The term "intergenic" refers to the identification of these transcripts from regions of the genome that do not contain protein-encoding genes. These regions coincide with what was once labeled as the "junk DNA" portions of our genomes, which, upon careful examination by whole genome RNA sequencing experiments, clearly encode RNA transcripts. LincRNAs also contain promoter- or enhancer-associated RNAs that are gene proximal and can be either in the sense or antisense orientation, relative to the protein-coding gene with which they are associated. In this review, we describe the functions of lincRNAs playing roles in biological processes such as gene expression control, scaffold formation, and epigenetic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Deniz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Batu Erman
- Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey.
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26
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Zhang L, He S, Yang F, Yu H, Xie W, Dai Q, Zhang D, Liu X, Zhou S, Zhang K. Hyperoside ameliorates glomerulosclerosis in diabetic nephropathy by downregulating miR-21. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:1249-1256. [PMID: 27704873 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of hyperoside (Hyp) on glomerulosclerosis in diabetic nephropathy and its underlying mechanisms. Blood glucose, kidney mass, and renal function of mice were measured. Renal morphology was observed using hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid - Schiff's, and Masson's trichrome stain. Fibronectin (FN) and collagen IV (COL IV) in kidney were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemical studies. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and -9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in renal tissues were detected on both the mRNA and protein levels. miRNA expression and artificial alterations by miRNA agomir transfection were evaluated to investigate the protective mechanism of Hyp in mesangial cells. Hyp effectively improved renal function and physiologic features of db/db mice. Hyp also ameliorated glomerulosclerosis by suppressing FN, COL IV, and TIMP-1 expressions and promoting MMP-9 and MMP-2 expressions. The change in MMP-9 mRNA expression was inconsistent with that in protein levels in kidney, indicating that there was a post-transcriptional regulation. Further exploration in vitro showed that miR-21 was downregulated by Hyp, increasing expression of its target, MMP-9. These results suggest that Hyp can ameliorate glomerulosclerosis in diabetic nephropathy by downregulating miR-21 to increase expression of its target, MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- a Center of Medical Experiment & Technology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Siyi He
- b Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Fan Yang
- a Center of Medical Experiment & Technology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hua Yu
- a Center of Medical Experiment & Technology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Wei Xie
- a Center of Medical Experiment & Technology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Qian Dai
- a Center of Medical Experiment & Technology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Di Zhang
- a Center of Medical Experiment & Technology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- c Department of Applied Chemistry, Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing 400020, China
| | - Shiwen Zhou
- d National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Kebin Zhang
- a Center of Medical Experiment & Technology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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27
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Osteoclast-derived exosomal miR-214-3p inhibits osteoblastic bone formation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10872. [PMID: 26947250 PMCID: PMC4786676 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that osteoclasts direct osteoblastic bone formation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a crucial role in regulating osteoclast and osteoblast function. However, whether miRNAs mediate osteoclast-directed osteoblastic bone formation is mostly unknown. Here, we show that increased osteoclastic miR-214-3p associates with both elevated serum exosomal miR-214-3p and reduced bone formation in elderly women with fractures and in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Osteoclast-specific miR-214-3p knock-in mice have elevated serum exosomal miR-214-3p and reduced bone formation that is rescued by osteoclast-targeted antagomir-214-3p treatment. We further demonstrate that osteoclast-derived exosomal miR-214-3p is transferred to osteoblasts to inhibit osteoblast activity in vitro and reduce bone formation in vivo. Moreover, osteoclast-targeted miR-214-3p inhibition promotes bone formation in ageing OVX mice. Collectively, our results suggest that osteoclast-derived exosomal miR-214-3p transfers to osteoblasts to inhibit bone formation. Inhibition of miR-214-3p in osteoclasts may be a strategy for treating skeletal disorders involving a reduction in bone formation. In previous studies the authors discovered that miR-214 inhibits osteoblastic bone formation. Here they extend on these findings, using ovariectomized mice and samples from patients with bone fractures, to show that miR-214 is a mediator of osteoclast-osteoblast crosstalk.
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Wang M, Li B, Zhou Q, Yin H, Zhou Y, Ai S. Label-free, Ultrasensitive and Electrochemical Immunosensing Platform for microRNA Detection Using Anti-DNA:RNA Hybrid Antibody and Enzymatic Signal Amplification. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jiang L, Huang J, Li L, Chen Y, Chen X, Zhao X, Yang D. MicroRNA-93 promotes ovarian granulosa cells proliferation through targeting CDKN1A in polycystic ovarian syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:E729-38. [PMID: 25695884 PMCID: PMC4422895 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-3827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Whether differently expressed miRNAs contribute to promoting granulosa cell proliferation in polycystic ovarian syndrome disease (PCOS) remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We explored whether certain miRNAs are involved in the ovarian dysfunction of PCOS and the mechanism of increased granulosa cells proliferation. Patients and Cells: miRNA expression was analyzed in excised ovarian cortexes from 16 women with PCOS and 8 non-PCOS. An immortalized human granulosa (KGN) cell was used for the mechanism study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Expressions of miRNAs in ovarian cortexes were measured using qRT-PCR and KGN granulosa cells were cultured for proliferation assays after overexpression or inhibition of miR-93 or after insulin treatment. Bioinformatics were used to identify the potential miRNA targets. Protein expression analysis, luciferase assays, and rescue assays were used to confirm the substrate of miR-93. RESULTS MiR-93 expression was higher in PCOS ovarian cortex and its identified target, CDKN1A, was downregulated. MiR-93 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and G1 to S transition. Knocking down CDKN1A promoted cell growth and cell cycle progression in granulosa cells, and CDKN1A re-introduction reversed the promotional role of miR-93. High concentrations of insulin induced upregulation of miR-93, stimulated KGN cells proliferation and reduced CDKN1A expression. CONCLUSIONS miR-93 was increased in PCOS granulosa cells and targeted CDKN1A to promote proliferation and cell cycle progression. Insulin could upregulate the expression of miR-93 and stimulate cell proliferation. This might provide a new insight into the dysfunction of granulosa cells in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (L.J., J.H., L.L., Y.C., X.C., X.Z., D.Y.), Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
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Zhou H, Rigoutsos I. The emerging roles of GPRC5A in diseases. Oncoscience 2014; 1:765-76. [PMID: 25621293 PMCID: PMC4303886 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ‘Retinoic Acid-Inducible G-protein-coupled receptors’ or RAIG are a group comprising the four orphan receptors GPRC5A, GPRC5B, GPRC5C and GPRC5D. As the name implies, their expression is induced by retinoic acid but beyond that very little is known about their function. In recent years, one member, GPRC5A, has been receiving increasing attention as it was shown to play important roles in human cancers. As a matter of fact, dysregulation of GPRC5A has been associated with several cancers including lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Here we review the current state of knowledge about the heterogeneity and evolution of GPRC5A, its regulation, its molecular functions, and its involvement in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Zhou
- Computational Medicine Center, Jefferson Alumni Hall, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Isidore Rigoutsos
- Computational Medicine Center, Jefferson Alumni Hall, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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Mogilyansky E, Rigoutsos I. The miR-17/92 cluster: a comprehensive update on its genomics, genetics, functions and increasingly important and numerous roles in health and disease. Cell Death Differ 2014; 20:1603-14. [PMID: 24212931 PMCID: PMC3824591 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 635] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-17/92 cluster is among the best-studied microRNA clusters. Interest in the cluster and its members has been increasing steadily and the number of publications has grown exponentially since its discovery with more than 1000 articles published in 2012 alone. Originally found to be involved in tumorigenesis, research work in recent years has uncovered unexpected roles for its members in a wide variety of settings that include normal development, immune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and aging. In light of its ever-increasing importance and ever-widening regulatory roles, we review here the latest body of knowledge on the cluster's involvement in health and disease as well as provide a novel perspective on the full spectrum of protein-coding and non-coding transcripts that are likely regulated by its members.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mogilyansky
- Computational Medicine Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Lin Y, Zeng Y, Zhang F, Xue L, Huang Z, Li W, Guo M. Characterization of microRNA expression profiles and the discovery of novel microRNAs involved in cancer during human embryonic development. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69230. [PMID: 23936320 PMCID: PMC3732277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), approximately 22-nucleotide non-coding RNA molecules, regulate a variety of pivotal physiological or pathological processes, including embryonic development and tumorigenesis. To obtain comprehensive expression profiles of miRNAs in human embryos, we characterized miRNA expression in weeks 4-6 of human embryonic development using miRNA microarrays and identified 50 human-embryo-specific miRNAs (HES-miRNAs). Furthermore, we selected three non-conserved or primate-specific miRNAs, hsa-miR-638, -720, and -1280, and examined their expression levels in various normal and tumor tissues. The results show that expression of most miRNAs is extremely low during early human embryonic development. In addition, the expression of some non-conserved or primate-specific miRNAs is significantly different between tumor and the corresponding normal tissue samples, suggesting that the miRNAs are closely related to the pathological processes of various tumors. This study presents the first comprehensive overview of miRNA expression during human embryonic development and offers immediate evidence of the relationship between human early embryonic development and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (MG); (WL)
| | - Mingxiong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (MG); (WL)
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Bray PF, McKenzie SE, Edelstein LC, Nagalla S, Delgrosso K, Ertel A, Kupper J, Jing Y, Londin E, Loher P, Chen HW, Fortina P, Rigoutsos I. The complex transcriptional landscape of the anucleate human platelet. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:1. [PMID: 23323973 PMCID: PMC3722126 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human blood platelets are essential to maintaining normal hemostasis, and platelet dysfunction often causes bleeding or thrombosis. Estimates of genome-wide platelet RNA expression using microarrays have provided insights to the platelet transcriptome but were limited by the number of known transcripts. The goal of this effort was to deep-sequence RNA from leukocyte-depleted platelets to capture the complex profile of all expressed transcripts. Results From each of four healthy individuals we generated long RNA (≥40 nucleotides) profiles from total and ribosomal-RNA depleted RNA preparations, as well as short RNA (<40 nucleotides) profiles. Analysis of ~1 billion reads revealed that coding and non-coding platelet transcripts span a very wide dynamic range (≥16 PCR cycles beyond β-actin), a result we validated through qRT-PCR on many dozens of platelet messenger RNAs. Surprisingly, ribosomal-RNA depletion significantly and adversely affected estimates of the relative abundance of transcripts. Of the known protein-coding loci, ~9,500 are present in human platelets. We observed a strong correlation between mRNAs identified by RNA-seq and microarray for well-expressed mRNAs, but RNASeq identified many more transcripts of lower abundance and permitted discovery of novel transcripts. Conclusions Our analyses revealed diverse classes of non-coding RNAs, including: pervasive antisense transcripts to protein-coding loci; numerous, previously unreported and abundant microRNAs; retrotransposons; and thousands of novel un-annotated long and short intronic transcripts, an intriguing finding considering the anucleate nature of platelets. The data are available through a local mirror of the UCSC genome browser and can be accessed at:
http://cm.jefferson.edu/platelets_2012/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul F Bray
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Wang X, Guo B, Li Q, Peng J, Yang Z, Wang A, Li D, Hou Z, Lv K, Kan G, Cao H, Wu H, Song J, Pan X, Sun Q, Ling S, Li Y, Zhu M, Zhang P, Peng S, Xie X, Tang T, Hong A, Bian Z, Bai Y, Lu A, Li Y, He F, Zhang G, Li Y. miR-214 targets ATF4 to inhibit bone formation. Nat Med 2012; 19:93-100. [DOI: 10.1038/nm.3026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Trivedi MS, Deth RC. Role of a redox-based methylation switch in mRNA life cycle (pre- and post-transcriptional maturation) and protein turnover: implications in neurological disorders. Front Neurosci 2012; 6:92. [PMID: 22740813 PMCID: PMC3382963 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic synaptic scaling in response to neuronal stimulus or activation, and due to changes in cellular niche, is an important phenomenon for memory consolidation, retrieval, and other similar cognitive functions (Turrigiano and Nelson, 2004). Neurological disorders and cognitive disabilities in autism, Rett syndrome, schizophrenia, dementia, etc., are strongly correlated to alterations in protein expression (both synaptic and cytoplasmic; Cajigas et al., 2010). This correlation suggests that efficient temporal regulation of synaptic protein expression is important for synaptic plasticity. In addition, equilibrium between mRNA processing, protein translation, and protein turnover is a critical sensor/trigger for recording synaptic information, normal cognition, and behavior (Cajigas et al., 2010). Thus a regulatory switch, which controls the lifespan, maturation, and processing of mRNA, might influence cognition and adaptive behavior. Here, we propose a two part novel hypothesis that methylation might act as this suggested coordinating switch to critically regulate mRNA maturation at (1) the pre-transcription level, by regulating precursor-RNA processing into mRNA, via other non-coding RNAs and their influence on splicing phenomenon, and (2) the post-transcription level by modulating the regulatory functions of ribonucleoproteins and RNA binding proteins in mRNA translation, dendritic translocation as well as protein synthesis and synaptic turnover. DNA methylation changes are well recognized and highly correlated to gene expression levels as well as, learning and memory; however, RNA methylation changes are recently characterized and yet their functional implications are not established. This review article provides some insight on the intriguing consequences of changes in methylation levels on mRNA life-cycle. We also suggest that, since methylation is under the control of glutathione anti-oxidant levels (Lertratanangkoon et al., 1997), the redox status of neurons might be the central regulatory switch for methylation-based changes in mRNA processing, protein expression, and turnover. Lastly, we also describe experimental methods and techniques which might help researchers to evaluate the suggested hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malav S Trivedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University Boston, MA, USA
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Long G, Wang F, Duan Q, Chen F, Yang S, Gong W, Wang Y, Chen C, Wang DW. Human circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-126 as potential novel indicators for acute myocardial infarction. Int J Biol Sci 2012; 8:811-8. [PMID: 22719221 PMCID: PMC3372885 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.4439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating miRNAs have been shown as promising biomarkers for various pathologic conditions. The aim of this study was to clarify that circulating miR-1 and miR-126 in human plasma might be useful as biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In our study, after pre-test, two candidate miRNAs were detected by using real-time RT-PCR. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations were measured by ELISA assay in plasma from patients with AMI (n=17) and healthy subjects (n=25), simultaneously. Increased miR-1 and decreased miR-126 in plasma from patients with AMI after the onset of symptoms compared with healthy subjects were found. A remarkable finding in this study is that miR-1, miR-126 and cTnI expression levels exhibited the same trend. Our results suggest that the plasma concentrations of miR-1 and miR-126 may be useful indicators for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwen Long
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Institute of Hypertension, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Almeida MI, Reis RM, Calin GA. Decoy activity through microRNAs: the therapeutic implications. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2012; 12:1153-9. [PMID: 22650365 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2012.693470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION microRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, are deregulated in several diseases including cancer. miRNAs regulate gene expression at a posttranscriptional level by binding to 5'UTR, coding regions or 3'UTR of messenger RNAs (mRNA), inhibiting mRNA translation or causing mRNA degradation. The same miRNA can have multiple mRNA targets, and the same mRNA can be regulated by various miRNAs. AREAS COVERED Recently, seminal contributions by several groups have implicated miRNAs as components of an RNA-RNA language that involves cross-talk between competing endogenous RNAs through a decoy mechanism. We review the studies that described miRNAs as players in a biological decoy activity. miRNAs can either be trapped by competing endogenous RNAs or interact with proteins that have binding sites for mRNAs. EXPERT OPINION The miRNA decoy functions have implications for the design of therapeutic approaches in human diseases, including specific ways to overcome resistance to drug therapy and future miRNA-based clinical trials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ines Almeida
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Abstract
The human septins are part of a gene family, that is a group of genes with similar sequences and usually but not invariably share similar functions that are descended from a common ancestor. Here we review our current knowledge of the human septin gene family and highlight areas of uncertainty. Currently 13 human septin genes are known (SEPT1 to SEPT12 and SEPT14). What was known as SEPT13 is now defined as one of many SEPT7 related pseudogenes. The family is characterized by complex genomics and extensive (but not universal) splicing, giving rise to a plethora of septin isoforms. For only a few members of the family do we have a comprehensive insight into these transcripts and isoforms. Given the formation of countless septin homotypic and heterotypic interactions our understanding of the biology and pathobiology of the septin family will require a detailed understanding of the genomics, transcriptomics and regulation of all members of this diverse and complex family.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Hilary Russell
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Morris KV. The emerging role of RNA in the regulation of gene transcription in human cells. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2011; 22:351-8. [PMID: 21333746 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2011.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that particular species of non-coding RNAs can modulate gene transcription in human cells. While such observations were in the past relegated to imprinted genes, it is now becoming apparent that several different genes in differentiated cells may be under some form of RNA based regulatory control. Studies carried out to date have begun to discern the mechanism of action whereby non-coding RNAs modulate gene transcription by the targeted recruitment of epigenetic silencing complexes to homology containing loci in the genome. The results of these studies will be considered in detail as well as the implications that a vast array of non-coding RNA based regulatory networks may be operative in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin V Morris
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States.
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