1
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Westover AJ, Humes HD, Pino CJ. Immunomodulatory effects of a cell processing device to ameliorate dysregulated hyperinflammatory disease states. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12747. [PMID: 38830924 PMCID: PMC11148190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell directed therapy is an evolving therapeutic approach to treat organ dysfunction arising from hyperinflammation and cytokine storm by processing immune cells in an extracorporeal circuit. To investigate the mechanism of action of the Selective Cytopheretic Device (SCD), in vitro blood circuits were utilized to interrogate several aspects of the immunomodulatory therapy. SCD immunomodulatory activity is due to its effects on circulating neutrophils and monocytes in a low ionized calcium (iCa, Ca2+) blood circuit. Activated neutrophils adhere to the SCD fibers and degranulate with release of the constituents of their exocytotic vesicles. Adhered neutrophils in the low iCa environment display characteristics of apoptotic senescence. These neutrophils are subsequently released and returned back to circulation, demonstrating a clear potential for in vivo feedback. For monocytes, SCD treatment results in the selective adhesion of more pro-inflammatory subsets of the circulating monocyte pool, as demonstrated by both cell surface markers and cytokine secretory rates. Once bound, over time a subset of monocytes are released from the membrane with a less inflammatory functional phenotype. Similar methods to interrogate mechanism in vitro have been used to preliminarily confirm comparable findings in vivo. Therefore, the progressive amelioration of circulating leukocyte activation and immunomodulation of excessive inflammation observed in SCD clinical trials to date is likely due to this continuous autologous leukocyte processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela J Westover
- Nephrology/Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Innovative BioTherapies, Ann Arbor, MI, 48108, USA
| | - H David Humes
- Nephrology/Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Innovative BioTherapies, Ann Arbor, MI, 48108, USA.
| | - Christopher J Pino
- Nephrology/Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Innovative BioTherapies, Ann Arbor, MI, 48108, USA
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2
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Moyer J, Wilson MW, Sorrentino TA, Santandreu A, Chen C, Hu D, Kerdok A, Porock E, Wright N, Ly J, Blaha C, Frassetto LA, Fissell WH, Vartanian SM, Roy S. Renal Embolization-Induced Uremic Swine Model for Assessment of Next-Generation Implantable Hemodialyzers. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:547. [PMID: 37755973 PMCID: PMC10536310 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable models of renal failure in large animals are critical to the successful translation of the next generation of renal replacement therapies (RRT) into humans. While models exist for the induction of renal failure, none are optimized for the implantation of devices to the retroperitoneal vasculature. We successfully piloted an embolization-to-implantation protocol enabling the first implant of a silicon nanopore membrane hemodialyzer (SNMHD) in a swine renal failure model. Renal arterial embolization is a non-invasive approach to near-total nephrectomy that preserves retroperitoneal anatomy for device implants. Silicon nanopore membranes (SNM) are efficient blood-compatible membranes that enable novel approaches to RRT. Yucatan minipigs underwent staged bilateral renal arterial embolization to induce renal failure, managed by intermittent hemodialysis. A small-scale arteriovenous SNMHD prototype was implanted into the retroperitoneum. Dialysate catheters were tunneled externally for connection to a dialysate recirculation pump. SNMHD clearance was determined by intermittent sampling of recirculating dialysate. Creatinine and urea clearance through the SNMHD were 76-105 mL/min/m2 and 140-165 mL/min/m2, respectively, without albumin leakage. Normalized creatinine and urea clearance measured in the SNMHD may translate to a fully implantable clinical-scale device. This pilot study establishes a path toward therapeutic testing of the clinical-scale SNMHD and other implantable RRT devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrett Moyer
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
- Silicon Kidney, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA
| | - Mark W. Wilson
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
| | - Thomas A. Sorrentino
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
| | - Ana Santandreu
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
| | - Caressa Chen
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
| | - Dean Hu
- Outset Medical, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | | | - Edward Porock
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
| | - Nathan Wright
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
- Silicon Kidney, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA
| | - Jimmy Ly
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
- Silicon Kidney, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA
| | - Charles Blaha
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
- Silicon Kidney, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA
| | - Lynda A. Frassetto
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
| | - William H. Fissell
- Silicon Kidney, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Shant M. Vartanian
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
| | - Shuvo Roy
- Departments of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, Surgery, Medicine, and Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.M.)
- Silicon Kidney, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA
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3
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Kim EJ, Chen C, Gologorsky R, Santandreu A, Torres A, Wright N, Goodin MS, Moyer J, Chui BW, Blaha C, Brakeman P, Vartanian S, Tang Q, David Humes H, Fissell WH, Roy S. Feasibility of an implantable bioreactor for renal cell therapy using silicon nanopore membranes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4890. [PMID: 37644033 PMCID: PMC10465514 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39888-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The definitive treatment for end-stage renal disease is kidney transplantation, which remains limited by organ availability and post-transplant complications. Alternatively, an implantable bioartificial kidney could address both problems while enhancing the quality and length of patient life. An implantable bioartificial kidney requires a bioreactor containing renal cells to replicate key native cell functions, such as water and solute reabsorption, and metabolic and endocrinologic functions. Here, we report a proof-of-concept implantable bioreactor containing silicon nanopore membranes to offer a level of immunoprotection to human renal epithelial cells. After implantation into pigs without systemic anticoagulation or immunosuppression therapy for 7 days, we show that cells maintain >90% viability and functionality, with normal or elevated transporter gene expression and vitamin D activation. Despite implantation into a xenograft model, we find that cells exhibit minimal damage, and recipient cytokine levels are not suggestive of hyperacute rejection. These initial data confirm the potential feasibility of an implantable bioreactor for renal cell therapy utilizing silicon nanopore membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Kim
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Caressa Chen
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nathan Wright
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Silicon Kidney LLC, San Ramon, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Charles Blaha
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Silicon Kidney LLC, San Ramon, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Qizhi Tang
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - H David Humes
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Innovative Biotherapies Inc, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - William H Fissell
- Silicon Kidney LLC, San Ramon, CA, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shuvo Roy
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Silicon Kidney LLC, San Ramon, CA, USA.
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Gupta U, Kumar N, Lata A, Singh P, Arun RK. Bio-inspired self-pumping microfluidic device for cleaning of urea using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified polymeric nanohybrid membrane. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124614. [PMID: 37119905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
In vitro technology facilitates the replication of in vivo tissues more accurately than conventional cell-based artificial organs, enabling researchers to mimic both the structural and functional characteristics of natural systems. Here, we demonstrate a novel spiral-shaped self-pumping microfluidic device for the cleaning of urea by incorporating reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified a Polyethersulfone (PES) nanohybrid membrane for efficient filtration capacity. The spiral-shaped microfluidic chip is a two-layer configuration of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) integrated with the modified filtration membrane. In essence, the device replicates the main features of the kidney (Glomerulus), i.e., a nano-porous membrane modified with reduced graphene oxide to separate the sample fluid from the upper layer and collect the biomolecule-free fluid through the bottom of the device. We have achieved a cleaning efficiency of 97.94 ± 0.6 % using this spiral shaped microfluidic system. The spiral-shaped microfluidic device integrated with nanohybrid membrane has potential for organ-on-a-chips applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, India
| | - Natish Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, India
| | - Akash Lata
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, India
| | - Preeti Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Arun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, India.
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5
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Jena R, Aggarwal A, Choudhary GR, Bajpai NK. Current Status and Future of Artificial Kidney in Humans. Indian J Nephrol 2022; 32:531-538. [PMID: 36704585 PMCID: PMC9872927 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_240_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of patients needing renal replacement therapy (RRT) is increasing rapidly with an increase in lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Kidney transplantation, whenever feasible, is the most preferred mode of RRT. However, there is a growing shortage of donor kidneys for transplantation. While dialysis is partially able to perform the filtration and excretion function of the kidneys, it is still not able to perform the other renal tubular and endocrine functions of a normal kidney and has quality-of-life issues with significant long-term morbidity. The need of the hour is to develop an ideal artificial kidney that would be wearable or implantable and would be able to perform the complete excretory, filtration, tubular, endocrine, and metabolic functions of the kidney while preserving the quality of life and minimizing complications. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of an ideal artificial kidney, the challenges of developing such a device, a brief description of the past and current work on this topic, and what the artificial kidney of the future should look like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Jena
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Aggarwal
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gautam R Choudhary
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nitin K Bajpai
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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6
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Groth T, Stegmayr BG, Ash SR, Kuchinka J, Wieringa FP, Fissell WH, Roy S. Wearable and implantable artificial kidney devices for end-stage kidney disease treatment-Current status and review. Artif Organs 2022; 47:649-666. [PMID: 36129158 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of early death worldwide. By 2030, 14.5 million people will have end-stage kidney disease (ESKD, or CKD stage 5), yet only 5.4 million will receive kidney replacement therapy (KRT) due to economic, social, and political factors. Even for those who are offered KRT by various means of dialysis, the life expectancy remains far too low. OBSERVATION Researchers from different fields of artificial organs collaborate to overcome the challenges of creating products such as Wearable and/or Implantable Artificial Kidneys capable of providing long-term effective physiologic kidney functions such as removal of uremic toxins, electrolyte homeostasis, and fluid regulation. A focus should be to develop easily accessible, safe, and inexpensive KRT options that enable a good quality of life and will also be available for patients in less-developed regions of the world. CONCLUSIONS Hence, it is required to discuss some of the limits and burdens of transplantation and different techniques of dialysis, including those performed at home. Furthermore, hurdles must be considered and overcome to develop wearable and implantable artificial kidney devices that can help to improve the quality of life and life expectancy of patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Groth
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,International Federation for Artificial Organs, Painesville, Ohio, USA
| | - Bernd G Stegmayr
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | | | - Janna Kuchinka
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Fokko P Wieringa
- IMEC, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,European Kidney Health Alliance, WG3 "Breakthrough Innovation", Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Shuvo Roy
- University of California, California, San Francisco, USA
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7
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Huang B, Zeng Z, Zhang CC, Schreiber ME, Li Z. Approaches to kidney replacement therapies—opportunities and challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:953408. [PMID: 35982852 PMCID: PMC9380013 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.953408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
One out of seven people develop chronic kidney disease (CKD). When kidney function continues to decline, CKD patients may develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD, or kidney failure). More than 2 out of 1,000 adults develop ESRD and these patients must live on dialysis or get a kidney transplant to survive. Each year, more than $51 billion is spent to treat patients with ESRD in the United States. In addition, ESRD greatly reduces longevity and quality of life for patients. Compared to dialysis, kidney transplant offers the best chance of survival, but few donor organs are available. Thus, there is an urgent need for innovative solutions that address the shortage of kidneys available for transplantation. Here we summarize the status of current approaches that are being developed to solve the shortage of donor kidneys. These include the bioartificial kidney approach which aims to make a portable dialysis device, the recellularization approach which utilizes native kidney scaffold to make an engineered kidney, the stem cell-based approach which aims to generate a kidney de novo by recapitulating normal kidney organogenesis, the xenotransplantation approach which has the goal to make immunocompatible pig kidneys for transplantation, and the interspecies chimera approach which has potential to generate a human kidney in a host animal. We also discuss the interconnections among the different approaches, and the remaining challenges of translating these approaches into novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Huang
- USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Deptartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zipeng Zeng
- USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Deptartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chennan C. Zhang
- USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Deptartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Megan E. Schreiber
- USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Deptartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zhongwei Li
- USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Deptartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhongwei Li,
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García-Perdomo HA, Jurado-Penagos A. Application of regenerative medicine and 3d bioprinting in urology. Actas Urol Esp 2022; 46:323-328. [PMID: 35660078 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, a new purpose has collected great efforts from scientists in all branches of medicine. It is about the possibility to make the body regenerate ill tissues and organs by itself with de right artificial stimuli or the construction of new functional organs to replace the damaged ones. This process comprises various interdisciplinary approaches to healthcare, such as tissue engineering, molecular medicine, biotechnology, and three-dimensional printing. Urologists have been remarkably active in this field of medicine called Regenerative Medicine. The searching of the different requirements like suitable and compatible biomaterials, versatile cells, adequate techniques to construct tissues, available biomolecules, and the knowledge of all these minimizing risks, are some of the aims and the approximations until now. Despite many obstacles, in vitro and in vivo studies are already showing encouraging options. We will review the advances related to the bladder, urethra, ureter, and kidneys. Difficulties such as ethical issues, time investment and high costs, have been some of the drawbacks encountered. Further studies are still required for its clinical application in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herney Andres García-Perdomo
- Division of Urology/Urooncology, Departament of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
| | - Angie Jurado-Penagos
- UROGIV Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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9
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Tsuji K, Kitamura S, Wada J. Potential Strategies for Kidney Regeneration With Stem Cells: An Overview. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:892356. [PMID: 35586342 PMCID: PMC9108336 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.892356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases are a major health problem worldwide. Despite advances in drug therapies, they are only capable of slowing the progression of kidney diseases. Accordingly, potential kidney regeneration strategies with stem cells have begun to be explored. There are two different directions for regenerative strategies, de novo whole kidney fabrication with stem cells, and stem cell therapy. De novo whole kidney strategies include: 1) decellularized scaffold technology, 2) 3D bioprinting based on engineering technology, 3) kidney organoid fabrication, 4) blastocyst complementation with chimeric technology, and 5) the organogenic niche method. Meanwhile, stem cell therapy strategies include 1) injection of stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, nephron progenitor cells, adult kidney stem cells and multi-lineage differentiating stress enduring cells, and 2) injection of protective factors secreted from these stem cells, including growth factors, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles containing microRNAs, mRNAs and proteins. Over the past few decades, there have been remarkable step-by-step developments in these strategies. Here, we review the current advances in the potential strategies for kidney regeneration using stem cells, along with their challenges for possible clinical use in the future.
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10
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García-Perdomo H, Jurado-Penagos A. Aplicación de la medicina regenerativa y la bioimpresión 3D en urología. Actas Urol Esp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Artificial Kidney Engineering: The Development of Dialysis Membranes for Blood Purification. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020177. [PMID: 35207097 PMCID: PMC8876607 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The artificial kidney, one of the greatest medical inventions in the 20th century, has saved innumerable lives with end stage renal disease. Designs of artificial kidney evolved dramatically in decades of development. A hollow-fibered membrane with well controlled blood and dialysate flow became the major design of the modern artificial kidney. Although they have been well established to prolong patients’ lives, the modern blood purification system is still imperfect. Patient’s quality of life, complications, and lack of metabolic functions are shortcomings of current blood purification treatment. The direction of future artificial kidneys is toward miniaturization, better biocompatibility, and providing metabolic functions. Studies and trials of silicon nanopore membranes, tissue engineering for renal cell bioreactors, and dialysate regeneration are all under development to overcome the shortcomings of current artificial kidneys. With all these advancements, wearable or implantable artificial kidneys will be achievable.
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12
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Englezakis A, Gozalpour E, Kamran M, Fenner K, Mele E, Coopman K. Development of a hollow fibre-based renal module for active transport studies. J Artif Organs 2021; 24:473-484. [PMID: 33751266 PMCID: PMC8571221 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-021-01260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the active transport of substrates by the kidney in the renal proximal convoluted tubule is crucial for drug development and for studying kidney diseases. Currently, cell-based assays are applied for this this purpose, however, differences between assays and the body are common, indicating the importance of in vitro-in vivo discrepancies. Several studies have suggested that 3D cell cultures expose cells to a more physiological environments, thus, providing more accurate cell function results. To mimic the renal proximal tubule, we have developed a custom-made renal module (RM), containing a single polypropylene hollow fibre (Plasmaphan P1LX, 3M) that serves as a porous scaffold and compared to conventional Transwell cell-based bidirectional transport studies. In addition, a constant flow of media, exposed cells to a physiological shear stress of 0.2 dyne/cm2. MDCK-Mdr1a cells, overexpressing the rat Mdr1a (P-gp) transporter, were seeded onto the HF membrane surface coated with the basement membrane matrix Geltrex which facilitated cell adhesion and tight junction formation. Cells were then seeded into the HF lumen where attachment and tight junction formation were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy while epithelial barrier integrity under shear stress was shown to be achieved by day 7. qPCR results have shown significant changes in gene expression compared to cells grown on Transwells. Kidney injury marker such as KIM-1 and the hypoxia marker CA9 have been downregulated, while the CD133 (Prominin-1) microvilli marker has shown a fivefold upregulation. Furthermore, the renal transporter P-gp expression has been downregulated by 50%. Finally, bidirectional assays have shown that cells grown in the RM were able to reabsorb albumin with a higher efficiency compared to Transwell cell cultures while efflux of the P-gp-specific substrates Hoechst and Rhodamine 123 was decreased. These results further support the effect of the microenvironment and fluidic shear stress on cell function and gene expression. This can serve as the basis for the development of a microphysiological renal model for drug transport studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Englezakis
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Elnaz Gozalpour
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mohammed Kamran
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Katherine Fenner
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elisa Mele
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Karen Coopman
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Irfan A, O'Hare E, Jelin E. Fetal interventions for congenital renal anomalies. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:1506-1517. [PMID: 34189109 PMCID: PMC8192995 DOI: 10.21037/tp-2020-fs-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) represent 20% of prenatally diagnosed congenital abnormalities. Although the majority of these abnormalities do not require intervention either pre or postnatally, there is a subset of patients whose disease is so severe that it may warrant intervention prior to delivery to prevent morbidity and mortality. These cases consist of patients with moderate lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) in which vesicocentesis, shunting or cystoscopy are options and patients with early pregnancy renal anhydramnios (EPRA) in whom amnioinfusion therapy may be an option. The main causes of EPRA are congenital bilateral renal agenesis (CoBRA), cystic kidney disease (CKD) and severe LUTO. Untreated, EPRA is universally fatal secondary to anhydramnios induced pulmonary hypoplasia. The evidence regarding therapy for LUTO is limited and the stopped early PLUTO (Percutaneous Shunting in Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction) trial was unable to provide definitive answers about patient selection. Evidence for EPRA therapy is also scant. Serial amnioinfusions have shown promise in cases of EPRA due to CoBRA or renal failure and this treatment modality forms the basis of the ongoing NIH funded RAFT (Renal Anhydramnios Fetal Therapy) trial. At present, there is consensus that treatment for EPRA should only occur in the setting of a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmer Irfan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth O'Hare
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric Jelin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Zhang L, Feng Y, Fu P. Blood purification for sepsis: an overview. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2021; 4:45-55. [PMID: 35693122 PMCID: PMC8982546 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ failure exacerbated by a maladaptive infection response from the host, and is one of the major causes of mortality in the intensive care unit. In recent decades, several extracorporeal blood purification techniques have been developed to manage sepsis by acting on both the infectious agents themselves and the host immune response. This research aims to summarize recent progress on extracorporeal blood purification technologies applied for sepsis, discuss unanswered questions on renal replacement therapy for septic patients, and present a decision-making strategy for practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuying Feng
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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15
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Goldstein SL, Askenazi DJ, Basu RK, Selewski DT, Paden ML, Krallman KA, Kirby CL, Mottes TA, Terrell T, Humes HD. Use of the Selective Cytopheretic Device in Critically Ill Children. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 6:775-784. [PMID: 33732992 PMCID: PMC7938071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Critically ill children with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) are at increased risk of death. The selective cytopheretic device (SCD) promotes an immunomodulatory effect when circuit ionized calcium (iCa2+) is maintained at <0.40 mmol/l with regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA). In a randomized trial of adult patients on CRRT, those treated with the SCD maintaining an iCa2+ <0.40 mmol/l had improved survival/dialysis independence. We conducted a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–sponsored study to evaluate safety and feasibility of the SCD in 16 critically ill children. Methods Four pediatric intensive care units (ICUs) enrolled children with AKI and multiorgan dysfunction receiving CKRT to receive the SCD integrated post-CKRT membrane. RCA was used to achieve a circuit iCa2+ level <0.40 mmol/l. Subjects received SCD treatment for 7 days or CKRT discontinuation, whichever came first. Results The FDA target enrollment of 16 subjects completed the study from December 2016 to February 2020. Mean age was 12.3 ± 5.1 years, weight was 53.8 ± 28.9 kg, and median Pediatric Risk of Mortality II was 7 (range 2–19). Circuit iCa2+ levels were maintained at <0.40 mmol/l for 90.2% of the SCD therapy time. Median SCD duration was 6 days. Fifteen subjects survived SCD therapy; 12 survived to ICU discharge. All ICU survivors were dialysis independent at 60 days. No SCD-related adverse events (AEs) were reported. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that SCD therapy is feasible and safe in children who require CKRT. Although we cannot make efficacy claims, the 75% survival rate and 100% renal recovery rate observed suggest a possible favorable benefit-to-risk ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajit K Basu
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - David T Selewski
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Kelli A Krallman
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Cassie L Kirby
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Theresa A Mottes
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Tara Terrell
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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16
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Dang BV, Taylor RA, Charlton AJ, Le-Clech P, Barber TJ. Toward Portable Artificial Kidneys: The Role of Advanced Microfluidics and Membrane Technologies in Implantable Systems. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2020; 13:261-279. [DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2019.2933339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Sharma S, Gupta DK. Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy in Pediatric Urology. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2019; 24:237-246. [PMID: 31571753 PMCID: PMC6752070 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_77_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapidly expanding field of tissue engineering along with stem cell therapy has a promising future in pediatric urological conditions. The initial struggle seemed difficult in renal regeneration but a functional biounit has been developed. Urine excretion has been demonstrated successfully from stem cell-generated embryonic kidneys. Three-dimensional (3D) stem cell-derived organoids are the new paradigm in research. Techniques to regenerate bladder tissue have reached the clinic, and the urethra is close behind. 3D bioprinted urethras would soon be available. Artificial germ cells produced from mouse pluripotent stem cells have been shown to give rise to live progeny. Myoblast and fibroblast therapy has been safely and effectively used for urinary incontinence. Stress urinary incontinence has been clinically treated with muscle-derived stem cells. Skeletal muscle-derived stem cells have been shown to get converted into smooth muscle cells when implanted into the corpora cavernosa in animal models. This review encompasses the various experimental and clinical developments in this field that can benefit pediatric urological conditions with the contemporary developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra K. Gupta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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18
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Mihajlovic M, Hariri S, Westphal KCG, Janssen MJ, Oost MJ, Bongiovanni L, van den Heuvel LP, de Bruin A, Hilbrands LB, Masereeuw R. Safety evaluation of conditionally immortalized cells for renal replacement therapy. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5332-5348. [PMID: 31523392 PMCID: PMC6731099 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
End-stage kidney disease represents irreversible kidney failure. Dialysis and transplantation, two main treatment options currently available, present various drawbacks and complications. Innovative cell-based therapies, such as a bioartificial kidney, have not reached the clinic yet, mostly due to safety and/or functional issues. Here, we assessed the safety of conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cells (ciPTECs) for bioartificial kidney application, by using in vitro assays and athymic nude rats. We demonstrate that these cells do not possess key properties of oncogenically transformed cells, including anchorage-independent growth, lack of contact inhibition and apoptosis-resistance. In late-passage cells we did observe complex chromosomal abnormalities favoring near-tetraploidy, indicating chromosomal instability. However, time-lapse imaging of ciPTEC-OAT1, confined to a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM)-based environment, revealed that the cells were largely non-invasive. Furthermore, we determined the viral integration sites of SV40 Large T antigen (SV40T), human telomerase (hTERT) and OAT1 (SLC22A6), the transgenes used for immortalization and cell function enhancement. All integrations sites were found to be located in the intronic regions of endogenous genes. Among these genes, early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1) involved in endocytosis, and BCL2 Like 1 (BCL2L1) known for its role in regulating apoptosis, were identified. Nevertheless, both gene products appeared to be functionally intact. Finally, after subcutaneous injection in athymic nude rats we show that ciPTEC-OAT1 lack tumorigenic and oncogenic effects in vivo, confirming the in vitro findings. Taken together, this study lays an important foundation towards bioartificial kidney (BAK) development by confirming the safety of the cell line intended for incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Mihajlovic
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sam Hariri
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen C G Westphal
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manoe J Janssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam J Oost
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Centre, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alain de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Centre, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luuk B Hilbrands
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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19
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Fernández-Colino A, Iop L, Ventura Ferreira MS, Mela P. Fibrosis in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: treat or trigger? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:17-36. [PMID: 31295523 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a life-threatening pathological condition resulting from a dysfunctional tissue repair process. There is no efficient treatment and organ transplantation is in many cases the only therapeutic option. Here we review tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) approaches to address fibrosis in the cardiovascular system, the kidney, the lung and the liver. These strategies have great potential to achieve repair or replacement of diseased organs by cell- and material-based therapies. However, paradoxically, they might also trigger fibrosis. Cases of TERM interventions with adverse outcome are also included in this review. Furthermore, we emphasize the fact that, although organ engineering is still in its infancy, the advances in the field are leading to biomedically relevant in vitro models with tremendous potential for disease recapitulation and development of therapies. These human tissue models might have increased predictive power for human drug responses thereby reducing the need for animal testing.
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20
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Wragg NM, Burke L, Wilson SL. A critical review of current progress in 3D kidney biomanufacturing: advances, challenges, and recommendations. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-019-0218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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21
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Abstract
The number of individuals affected by acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is constantly rising. In light of the limited availability of treatment options and their relative inefficacy, cell based therapeutic modalities have been studied. However, not many efforts are put into safety evaluation of such applications. The aim of this study was to review the existing published literature on adverse events reported in studies with genetically modified cells for treatment of kidney disease. A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed and EMBASE for relevant articles published until June 2018. The search results were screened and relevant articles selected using pre-defined criteria, by two researchers independently. After initial screening of 6894 abstracts, a total number of 97 preclinical studies was finally included for full assessment. Of these, 61 (63%) presented an inappropriate study design for the evaluation of safety parameters. Only 4 studies (4%) had the optimal study design, while 32 (33%) showed sub-optimal study design with either direct or indirect evidence of adverse events. The high heterogeneity of studies included regarding cell type and number, genetic modification, administration route, and kidney disease model applied, combined with the consistent lack of appropriate control groups, makes a reliable safety evaluation of kidney cell-based therapies impossible. Only a limited number of relevant studies included looked into essential safety-related outcomes, such as inflammatory (48%), tumorigenic and teratogenic potential (12%), cell biodistribution (82%), microbiological safety with respect to microorganism contamination and latent viruses' reactivation (1%), as well as overall well-being and animal survival (19%). In conclusion, for benign cell-based therapies, well-designed pre-clinical studies, including all control groups required and good manufacturing processes securing safety, need to be done early in development. Preferably, this should be performed side by side with efficacy evaluation and according to the official guidelines of leading health organizations.
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22
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Ashammakhi N, Elkhammas E, Hasan A. Translating advances in organ‐on‐a‐chip technology for supporting organs. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:2006-2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of SurgeryOulu University Hospital Oulu Finland
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
- School of Technology and InnovationsUniversity of Vaasa Vaasa Finland
- Biotechnology Research CenterAuthority for Natural Sciences Research and Technology Tripoli Libya
| | - Elmahdi Elkhammas
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of SurgeryThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Comprehensive Transplant Center Columbus Ohio
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringQatar University Doha Qatar
- Biomedical Research CenterQatar University Doha Qatar
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23
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Legallais C, Kim D, Mihaila SM, Mihajlovic M, Figliuzzi M, Bonandrini B, Salerno S, Yousef Yengej FA, Rookmaaker MB, Sanchez Romero N, Sainz-Arnal P, Pereira U, Pasqua M, Gerritsen KGF, Verhaar MC, Remuzzi A, Baptista PM, De Bartolo L, Masereeuw R, Stamatialis D. Bioengineering Organs for Blood Detoxification. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800430. [PMID: 30230709 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
For patients with severe kidney or liver failure the best solution is currently organ transplantation. However, not all patients are eligible for transplantation and due to limited organ availability, most patients are currently treated with therapies using artificial kidney and artificial liver devices. These therapies, despite their relative success in preserving the patients' life, have important limitations since they can only replace part of the natural kidney or liver functions. As blood detoxification (and other functions) in these highly perfused organs is achieved by specialized cells, it seems relevant to review the approaches leading to bioengineered organs fulfilling most of the native organ functions. There, the culture of cells of specific phenotypes on adapted scaffolds that can be perfused takes place. In this review paper, first the functions of kidney and liver organs are briefly described. Then artificial kidney/liver devices, bioartificial kidney devices, and bioartificial liver devices are focused on, as well as biohybrid constructs obtained by decellularization and recellularization of animal organs. For all organs, a thorough overview of the literature is given and the perspectives for their application in the clinic are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Legallais
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering; Université de technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne Universités; 60203 Compiègne France
| | - Dooli Kim
- (Bio)artificial organs; Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; Faculty of Science and Technology; TechMed Institute; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia M. Mihaila
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Milos Mihajlovic
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marina Figliuzzi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; via Stezzano 87 24126 Bergamo Italy
| | - Barbara Bonandrini
- Department of Chemistry; Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Simona Salerno
- Institute on Membrane Technology; National Research Council of Italy; ITM-CNR; Via Pietro BUCCI, Cubo 17C - 87036 Rende Italy
| | - Fjodor A. Yousef Yengej
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Maarten B. Rookmaaker
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - Pilar Sainz-Arnal
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon); 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS); 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Ulysse Pereira
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering; Université de technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne Universités; 60203 Compiègne France
| | - Mattia Pasqua
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering; Université de technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne Universités; 60203 Compiègne France
| | - Karin G. F. Gerritsen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C. Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Remuzzi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; via Stezzano 87 24126 Bergamo Italy
- Department of Management; Information and Production Engineering; University of Bergamo; viale Marconi 5 24044 Dalmine Italy
| | - Pedro M. Baptista
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon); 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Department of Management; Information and Production Engineering; University of Bergamo; viale Marconi 5 24044 Dalmine Italy
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas (CIBERehd); 28029 Barcelona Spain
- Fundación ARAID; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz; 28040 Madrid Spain. Department of Biomedical and Aerospace Engineering; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; 28911 Madrid Spain
| | - Loredana De Bartolo
- Institute on Membrane Technology; National Research Council of Italy; ITM-CNR; Via Pietro BUCCI, Cubo 17C - 87036 Rende Italy
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- (Bio)artificial organs; Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; Faculty of Science and Technology; TechMed Institute; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
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Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph N, Al-Hawaas M, Bobrovskaya L, Coates PT, Zhou XF. Urine-derived cells for human cell therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:189. [PMID: 29996911 PMCID: PMC6042455 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Desirable cells for human cell therapy would be ones that can be generated by simple isolation and culture techniques using a donor sample obtained by non-invasive methods. To date, the different donor-specific cells that can be isolated from blood, skin, and hair require invasive methods for sample isolation and incorporate complex and costly reagents to culture. These cells also take considerable time for their in-vitro isolation and expansion. Previous studies suggest that donor-derived cells, namely urine stem cells and renal cells, may be isolated from human urine samples using a cost-effective and simple method of isolation, incorporating not such complex reagents. Moreover, the isolated cells, particularly urine stem cells, are superior to conventional stem cell sources in terms of favourable gene profile and inherent multipotent potential. Transdifferentiation or differentiation of human urine-derived cells can generate desirable cells for regenerative therapy. In this review, we intended to discuss the characteristics and therapeutic applications of urine-derived cells for human cell therapy. Conclusively, with detailed study and optimisation, urine-derived cells have a prospective future to generate functional lineage-specific cells for patients from a clinical translation point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
| | - Mohammed Al-Hawaas
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
| | - Patrick T. Coates
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
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25
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Yeo WS, Zhang YC. Bioengineering in renal transplantation: technological advances and novel options. Pediatr Nephrol 2018; 33:1105-1111. [PMID: 28589209 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-017-3706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world with significant morbidity and mortality. Current modes of renal replacement therapy include dialysis and renal transplantation. Although dialysis is an acceptable mode of renal replacement therapy, it does have its shortcomings, which include poorer life expectancy compared with renal transplantation, risk of infections and vascular thrombosis, lack of vascular access and absence of biosynthetic functions of the kidney. Renal transplantation, in contrast, is the preferred option of renal replacement therapy, with improved morbidity and mortality rates and quality of life, compared with dialysis. Renal transplantation, however, may not be available to all patients with ESKD. Some of the key factors limiting the availability and efficiency of renal transplantation include shortage of donor organs and the constant risk of rejection with complications associated with over-immunosuppression respectively. This review focuses chiefly on the potential roles of bioengineering in overcoming limitations in renal transplantation via the development of cell-based bioartificial dialysis devices as bridging options before renal transplantation, and the development of new sources of organs utilizing cell and organ engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wee-Song Yeo
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, Shaw-National Kidney Foundation, National University Hospital Children's Kidney Centre, Khoo Teck Puat-National University, Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
| | - Yao-Chun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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26
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Miller BLK, Garg P, Bronstein B, LaPointe E, Lin H, Charytan DM, Tilles AW, Parekkadan B. Extracorporeal Stromal Cell Therapy for Subjects With Dialysis-Dependent Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int Rep 2018; 3:1119-1127. [PMID: 30197978 PMCID: PMC6127415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The pathophysiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) involves damage to renal epithelial cells, podocytes, and vascular beds that manifests into a deranged, self-perpetuating immune response and peripheral organ dysfunction. Such an injury pattern requires a multifaceted therapeutic to alter the wound healing response systemically. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a unique source of secreted factors that can modulate an inflammatory response to acute organ injury and enhance the repair of injured tissue at the parenchymal and endothelial levels. This phase Ib/IIa clinical trial evaluates SBI-101, a combination product that administers MSCs extracorporeally to overcome pharmacokinetic barriers of MSC transplantation. SBI-101 contains allogeneic human MSCs inoculated into a hollow-fiber hemofilter for the treatment of patients with severe AKI who are receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). SBI-101 therapy is designed to reprogram the molecular and cellular components of blood in patients with severe organ injury. Methods This study is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, study of subjects with a clinical diagnosis of AKI who are receiving CRRT. Up to 32 subjects may be enrolled to provide 24 evaluable subjects (as a per protocol population). Subjects will receive CRRT in tandem with a sham control (0 MSCs), or the low- (250 × 106 MSCs) or high-dose (750 × 106 MSCs) SBI-101 therapeutic. Results The study will measure dose-dependent safety, renal efficacy, and exploratory biomarkers to characterize the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of SBI-101 in treated subjects. Conclusion This first-in-human clinical trial will evaluate the safety and tolerability of SBI-101 in patients with AKI who require CRRT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Payal Garg
- Sentien Biotechnologies, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ben Bronstein
- Cold Spring Venture Advisors, LLC, Watertown, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Herb Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David M Charytan
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arno W Tilles
- Sentien Biotechnologies, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Biju Parekkadan
- Sentien Biotechnologies, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery, Innovation, and Bioengineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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van Gelder MK, Mihaila SM, Jansen J, Wester M, Verhaar MC, Joles JA, Stamatialis D, Masereeuw R, Gerritsen KGF. From portable dialysis to a bioengineered kidney. Expert Rev Med Devices 2018; 15:323-336. [PMID: 29633900 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2018.1462697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the advent of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in the 1970s, the principles of dialysis have changed little. In the coming decades, several major breakthroughs are expected. AREAS COVERED Novel wearable and portable dialysis devices for both hemodialysis (HD) and PD are expected first. The HD devices could facilitate more frequent and longer dialysis outside of the hospital, while improving patient's mobility and autonomy. The PD devices could enhance blood purification and increase technique survival of PD. Further away from clinical application is the bioartificial kidney, containing renal cells. Initially, the bioartificial kidney could be applied for extracorporeal treatment, to partly replace renal tubular endocrine, metabolic, immunoregulatory and secretory functions. Subsequently, intracorporeal treatment may become possible. EXPERT COMMENTARY Key factors for successful implementation of miniature dialysis devices are patient attitudes and cost-effectiveness. A well-functioning and safe extracorporeal blood circuit is required for HD. For PD, a double lumen PD catheter would optimize performance. Future research should focus on further miniaturization of the urea removal strategy. For the bio-artificial kidney (BAK), cost effectiveness should be determined and a general set of functional requirements should be defined for future studies. For intracorporeal application, water reabsorption will become a major challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike K van Gelder
- a Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Silvia M Mihaila
- a Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,b Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Jitske Jansen
- b Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Wester
- a Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- a Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Joles
- a Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- c (Bio)artificial organs, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine , University of Twente , Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Roos Masereeuw
- b Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Karin G F Gerritsen
- a Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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Becker C, Laeufer T, Arikkat J, Jakse G. TGFβ-1 and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions promote smooth muscle gene expression in bone marrow stromal cells: Possible application in therapies for urological defects. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 31:951-9. [DOI: 10.1177/039139880803101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose For regenerative and cellular therapies of the urinary tract system, autologous bladder smooth muscle cells (SMCs) have several limitations, including constricted in vitro proliferation capacity and, more importantly, inability to be used in malignant conditions. The use of in vitro (pre-)differentiated multipotential adult progenitor cells may help to overcome the shortcomings associated with primary cells. Methods By mimicking environmental conditions of the bladder wall, we investigated in vitro effects of growth factor applications and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions on smooth muscle gene expression and on the morphological appearance of adherent bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Results Transcription growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ-1) upregulated the transcription of myogenic gene desmin and smooth muscle actin-γ2 in cultured BMSCs. Stimulatory effects were significantly increased by coculture with urothelial cells. Prolonged stimulation times and epigenetic modifications further enhanced transcription levels, indicating a dose-response relationship. Immunocytochemical staining of in vitro-differentiated BMSCs revealed expression of myogenic protein α-smooth muscle actin and desmin, and changes in morphological appearance from a fusiform convex shape to a laminar flattened shape with filamentous inclusions similar to the appearance of bladder SMCs. In contrast to the TGFβ-1 action, application of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) did not affect the cells. Conclusions The combined application of TGFβ-1 and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions promoted in vitro outgrowth of cells with a smooth muscle-like phenotype from a selected adherent murine bone marrow-derived cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Becker
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen - Germany
| | - T. Laeufer
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen - Germany
| | - J. Arikkat
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen - Germany
| | - G. Jakse
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen - Germany
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Mihajlovic M, Fedecostante M, Oost MJ, Steenhuis SKP, Lentjes EGWM, Maitimu-Smeele I, Janssen MJ, Hilbrands LB, Masereeuw R. Role of Vitamin D in Maintaining Renal Epithelial Barrier Function in Uremic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122531. [PMID: 29186865 PMCID: PMC5751134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As current kidney replacement therapies are not efficient enough for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treatment, a bioartificial kidney (BAK) device, based on conditionally immortalized human proximal tubule epithelial cells (ciPTEC), could represent an attractive solution. The active transport activity of such a system was recently demonstrated. In addition, endocrine functions of the cells, such as vitamin D activation, are relevant. The organic anion transporter 1 (OAT-1) overexpressing ciPTEC line presented 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1), 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) and vitamin D receptor (VDR), responsible for vitamin D activation, degradation and function, respectively. The ability to produce and secrete 1α,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, was shown after incubation with the precursor, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3. The beneficial effect of vitamin D on cell function and behavior in uremic conditions was studied in the presence of an anionic uremic toxins mixture. Vitamin D could restore cell viability, and inflammatory and oxidative status, as shown by cell metabolic activity, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, respectively. Finally, vitamin D restored transepithelial barrier function, as evidenced by decreased inulin-FITC leakage in biofunctionalized hollow fiber membranes (HFM) carrying ciPTEC-OAT1. In conclusion, the protective effects of vitamin D in uremic conditions and proven ciPTEC-OAT1 endocrine function encourage the use of these cells for BAK application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Mihajlovic
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Michele Fedecostante
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Miriam J Oost
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sonja K P Steenhuis
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Eef G W M Lentjes
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Inge Maitimu-Smeele
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Manoe J Janssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Luuk B Hilbrands
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Takahashi M, Sakurai M, Enosawa S, Omasa T, Tsuruoka S, Matsumura T. Double-Compartment Cell Culture Apparatus: Construction and Biochemical Evaluation for Bioartificial Liver Support. Cell Transplant 2017; 15:945-52. [PMID: 17300000 DOI: 10.3727/000000006783981341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional demands on a bioartificial liver support (BAL) device are not limited to biosynthetic activities, but must also encompass metabolic removal of potentially toxic substances. For most BALs, however, the concept and design are exclusively directed to biosynthetic support. To add the ability to metabolize and remove toxic substances, we designed a double-compartment cell culture apparatus (DCCA). Two compartments are separated from each other by a compact epithelial cell sheet spread over a synthetic microporous membrane. When a renal proximal convoluted tubular cell line that had been transduced with the human multidrug-resistant (MDR) gene, PCTL-MDR, was introduced into one of the compartments (hereafter referred to as the “inner” compartment) of the DCCA, a compact cellular monolayer was formed on the membrane. Ammonium ions passed across the membrane, but glucose and its metabolite lactate could not, indicating that the DCCA allowed selective transportation of cellular metabolites. In addition to PCTL-MDR, HepG2, a cell line of hepatic-origin, transduced with CYP3A4 (designated GS-3A4-HepG2), was seeded on the opposite side of the membrane, and the metabolism and transportation of lidocaine were studied. The lidocaine metabolite, monoethylglycinexylidide, was detected in the inner compartment across the PCTL-MDR cell layered membrane, indicating that metabolism and the selective transportation of metabolites between the two compartments occurred by cooperation of renal and hepatic cells. These results suggest that this type of DCCA represents a novel BAL that possesses biotransporting activities, as well as biosynthetic and metabolic activities.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Calcium/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Culture Techniques/instrumentation
- Cell Culture Techniques/methods
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Glucose/metabolism
- Humans
- Lactic Acid/metabolism
- Liver, Artificial
- Membranes, Artificial
- Models, Theoretical
- Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/metabolism
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Takahashi
- Cell Technology Center, Roman Industries Co. Ltd., Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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32
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Engineering the Future One Cell at a Time: Advancements in Cell-Based Techniques from Novel Three-Dimensional Cell Culture to a Bionic Kidney. ASAIO J 2017; 63:236-238. [PMID: 28459740 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000000570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Westover AJ, Buffington DA, Johnston KA, Smith PL, Pino CJ, Humes HD. A bio-artificial renal epithelial cell system conveys survival advantage in a porcine model of septic shock. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 11:649-657. [PMID: 25424193 PMCID: PMC4945492 DOI: 10.1002/term.1961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell therapy using the hollow fiber based renal assist device (RAD) improved survival time in an animal model of septic shock (SS) through the amelioration of cardiac and vascular dysfunction. Safety and ability of the RAD to improve clinical outcomes was demonstrated in a Phase II clinical trial, in which patients had high prevalence of sepsis. Even with these promising results, clinical delivery of cell therapy is hampered by manufacturing hurdles, including cell sourcing, large-scale device manufacture, storage and delivery. To address these limitations, the bioartificial renal epithelial cell system (BRECS) was developed. The BRECS contains human renal tubule epithelial cells derived from adult progenitor cells using enhanced propagation techniques. Cells were seeded onto trabeculated disks of niobium-coated carbon, held within cryopreservable, perfusable, injection-moulded polycarbonate housing. The study objective was to evaluate the BRECS in a porcine model of SS to establish conservation of efficacy after necessary cell sourcing and design modifications; a pre-clinical requirement to move back into clinical trials. SS was incited by peritoneal injection of E. coli simultaneous to insertion of BRECS (n=10) or control (n=15), into the ultrafiltrate biofeedback component of an extracorporeal circuit. Comparable to RAD, prolonged survival of the BRECS cohort was conveyed through stabilization of cardiac output and vascular leak. In conclusion, the demonstration of conserved efficacy with BRECS therapy in a porcine SS model represents a crucial step toward returning renal cell therapy to the clinical setting, initially targeting ICU patients with acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - H. David Humes
- Innovative BioTherapies Inc., Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine–Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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García-Domínguez X, Vicente JS, Vera-Donoso CD, Marco-Jimenez F. Current Bioengineering and Regenerative Strategies for the Generation of Kidney Grafts on Demand. Curr Urol Rep 2017; 18:2. [PMID: 28092070 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-017-0650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Currently in the USA, one name is added to the organ transplant waiting list every 15 min. As this list grows rapidly, fewer than one-third of waiting patients can receive matched organs from donors. Unfortunately, many patients who require a transplant have to wait for long periods of time, and many of them die before receiving the desired organ. In the USA alone, over 100,000 patients are waiting for a kidney transplant. However, it is a problem that affects around 6% of the word population. Therefore, seeking alternative solutions to this problem is an urgent work. Here, we review the current promising regenerative technologies for kidney function replacement. Despite many approaches being applied in the different ways outlined in this work, obtaining an organ capable of performing complex functions such as osmoregulation, excretion or hormone synthesis is still a long-term goal. However, in the future, the efforts in these areas may eliminate the long waiting list for kidney transplants, providing a definitive solution for patients with end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximo García-Domínguez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose S Vicente
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cesar D Vera-Donoso
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avinguda de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Marco-Jimenez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Jansen K, Schuurmans CCL, Jansen J, Masereeuw R, Vermonden T. Hydrogel-Based Cell Therapies for Kidney Regeneration: Current Trends in Biofabrication and In Vivo Repair. Curr Pharm Des 2017; 23:3845-3857. [PMID: 28699526 PMCID: PMC6302346 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170710155726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Facing the problems of limited renal regeneration capacity and the persistent shortage of donor kidneys, dialysis remains the only treatment option for many end-stage renal disease patients. Unfortunately, dialysis is only a medium-term solution because large and protein-bound uremic solutes are not efficiently cleared from the body and lead to disease progression over time. Current strategies for improved renal replacement therapies (RRTs) range from whole organ engineering to biofabrication of renal assist devices and biological injectables for in vivo regeneration. Notably, all approaches coincide with the incorporation of cellular components and biomimetic micro-environments. Concerning the latter, hydrogels form promising materials as scaffolds and cell carrier systems due to the demonstrated biocompatibility of most natural hydrogels, tunable biochemical and mechanical properties, and various application possibilities. In this review, the potential of hydrogel-based cell therapies for kidney regeneration is discussed. First, we provide an overview of current trends in the development of RRTs and in vivo regeneration options, before examining the possible roles of hydrogels within these fields. We discuss major application-specific hydrogel design criteria and, subsequently, assess the potential of emergent biofabrication technologies, such as micromolding, microfluidics and electrodeposition for the development of new RRTs and injectable stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Jansen
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
| | - Carl C L Schuurmans
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
| | - Jitske Jansen
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
| | - Tina Vermonden
- Utrecht University Div. Pharmacology Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht. Netherlands
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Chuah JKC, Zink D. Stem cell-derived kidney cells and organoids: Recent breakthroughs and emerging applications. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 35:150-167. [PMID: 28017905 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The global rise in the numbers of kidney patients and the shortage in transplantable organs have led to an increasing interest in kidney-specific regenerative therapies, renal disease modelling and bioartificial kidneys. Sources for large quantities of high-quality renal cells and tissues would be required, also for applications in in vitro platforms for compound safety and efficacy screening. Stem cell-based approaches for the generation of renal-like cells and tissues would be most attractive, but such methods were not available until recently. This situation has drastically changed since 2013, and various protocols for the generation of renal-like cells and precursors from pluripotent stem cells (PSC) have been established. The most recent breakthroughs were related to the establishment of various protocols for the generation of PSC-derived kidney organoids. In combination with recent advances in genome editing, bioprinting and the establishment of predictive renal screening platforms this results in exciting new possibilities. This review will give a comprehensive overview over current PSC-based protocols for the generation of renal-like cells, precursors and organoids, and their current and potential applications in regenerative medicine, compound screening, disease modelling and bioartificial organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Kai Chin Chuah
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
| | - Daniele Zink
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
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Toyohara T, Osafune K. Novel regenerative therapy for acute kidney injury. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-016-0052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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38
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Lai WF, He ZD. Design and fabrication of hydrogel-based nanoparticulate systems for in vivo drug delivery. J Control Release 2016; 243:269-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Johnston KA, Westover AJ, Rojas-Pena A, Buffington DA, Pino CJ, Smith PL, Humes HD. Development of a wearable bioartificial kidney using the Bioartificial Renal Epithelial Cell System (BRECS). J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:3048-3055. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alvaro Rojas-Pena
- The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Section of Transplantation Surgery; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | | | | | | | - H. David Humes
- Innovative BioTherapies Incorporated; Ann Arbor MI USA
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Department of Internal Medicine-Nephrology; Ann Arbor MI USA
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Attanasio C, Latancia MT, Otterbein LE, Netti PA. Update on Renal Replacement Therapy: Implantable Artificial Devices and Bioengineered Organs. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2016; 22:330-40. [PMID: 26905099 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2015.0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the fields of artificial organs and regenerative medicine are now joining forces in the areas of organ transplantation and bioengineering to solve continued challenges for patients with end-stage renal disease. The waiting lists for those needing a transplant continue to exceed demand. Dialysis, while effective, brings different challenges, including quality of life and susceptibility to infection. Unfortunately, the majority of research outputs are far from delivering satisfactory solutions. Current efforts are focused on providing a self-standing device able to recapitulate kidney function. In this review, we focus on two remarkable innovations that may offer significant clinical impact in the field of renal replacement therapy: the implantable artificial renal assist device (RAD) and the transplantable bioengineered kidney. The artificial RAD strategy utilizes micromachining techniques to fabricate a biohybrid system able to mimic renal morphology and function. The current trend in kidney bioengineering exploits the structure of the native organ to produce a kidney that is ready to be transplanted. Although these two systems stem from different technological approaches, they are both designed to be implantable, long lasting, and free standing to allow patients with kidney failure to be autonomous. However, for both of them, there are relevant issues that must be addressed before translation into clinical use and these are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Attanasio
- 1 Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care, IIT@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Napoli, Italy
| | - Marcela T Latancia
- 2 Department of Surgery, Transplant Institute , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leo E Otterbein
- 2 Department of Surgery, Transplant Institute , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paolo A Netti
- 1 Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care, IIT@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Napoli, Italy
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He M, Callanan A, Lagaras K, Steele JAM, Stevens MM. Optimization of SDS exposure on preservation of ECM characteristics in whole organ decellularization of rat kidneys. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:1352-1360. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. He
- Department of Bioengineering; Imperial College London; London UK
- Department of Materials and Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - A. Callanan
- Institute for BioEngineering (IBioE), School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | - K. Lagaras
- Department of Bioengineering; Imperial College London; London UK
- Department of Materials and Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - J. A. M. Steele
- Department of Bioengineering; Imperial College London; London UK
- Department of Materials and Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - M. M. Stevens
- Department of Bioengineering; Imperial College London; London UK
- Department of Materials and Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Imperial College London; London UK
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McKee RA, Wingert RA. Repopulating Decellularized Kidney Scaffolds: An Avenue for Ex Vivo Organ Generation. MATERIALS 2016; 9. [PMID: 27375844 PMCID: PMC4927010 DOI: 10.3390/ma9030190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has shown that fully developed organs can be decellularized, resulting in a complex scaffold and extracellular matrix (ECM) network capable of being populated with other cells. This work has resulted in a growing field in bioengineering focused on the isolation, characterization, and modification of organ derived acellular scaffolds and their potential to sustain and interact with new cell populations, a process termed reseeding. In this review, we cover contemporary advancements in the bioengineering of kidney scaffolds including novel work showing that reseeded donor scaffolds can be transplanted and can function in recipients using animal models. Several major areas of the field are taken into consideration, including the decellularization process, characterization of acellular and reseeded scaffolds, culture conditions, and cell sources. Finally, we discuss future avenues based on the advent of 3D bioprinting and recent developments in kidney organoid cultures as well as animal models of renal genesis. The ongoing mergers and collaborations between these fields hold the potential to produce functional kidneys that can be generated ex vivo and utilized for kidney transplantations in patients suffering with renal disease.
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Hollow fiber bioreactor technology for tissue engineering applications. Int J Artif Organs 2016; 39:1-15. [PMID: 26916757 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hollow fiber bioreactors are the focus of scientific research aiming to mimic physiological vascular networks and engineer organs and tissues in vitro. The reason for this lies in the interesting features of this bioreactor type, including excellent mass transport properties. Indeed, hollow fiber bioreactors allow limitations to be overcome in nutrient transport by diffusion, which is often an obstacle to engineer sizable constructs in vitro. This work reviews the existing literature relevant to hollow fiber bioreactors in organ and tissue engineering applications. To this purpose, we first classify the hollow fiber bioreactors into 2 categories: cylindrical and rectangular. For each category, we summarize their main applications both at the tissue and at the organ level, focusing on experimental models and computational studies as predictive tools for designing innovative, dynamic culture systems. Finally, we discuss future perspectives on hollow fiber bioreactors as in vitro models for tissue and organ engineering applications.
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Jansen J, De Napoli IE, Fedecostante M, Schophuizen CMS, Chevtchik NV, Wilmer MJ, van Asbeck AH, Croes HJ, Pertijs JC, Wetzels JFM, Hilbrands LB, van den Heuvel LP, Hoenderop JG, Stamatialis D, Masereeuw R. Human proximal tubule epithelial cells cultured on hollow fibers: living membranes that actively transport organic cations. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16702. [PMID: 26567716 PMCID: PMC4644946 DOI: 10.1038/srep16702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioartificial kidney (BAK) aims at improving dialysis by developing ‘living membranes’ for cells-aided removal of uremic metabolites. Here, unique human conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cell (ciPTEC) monolayers were cultured on biofunctionalized MicroPES (polyethersulfone) hollow fiber membranes (HFM) and functionally tested using microfluidics. Tight monolayer formation was demonstrated by abundant zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein expression along the tight junctions of matured ciPTEC on HFM. A clear barrier function of the monolayer was confirmed by limited diffusion of FITC-inulin. The activity of the organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) in ciPTEC was evaluated in real-time using a perfusion system by confocal microscopy using 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide (ASP+) as a fluorescent substrate. Initial ASP+ uptake was inhibited by a cationic uremic metabolites mixture and by the histamine H2-receptor antagonist, cimetidine. In conclusion, a ‘living membrane’ of renal epithelial cells on MicroPES HFM with demonstrated active organic cation transport was successfully established as a first step in BAK engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jansen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I E De Napoli
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - M Fedecostante
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C M S Schophuizen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - N V Chevtchik
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - M J Wilmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A H van Asbeck
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H J Croes
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J C Pertijs
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J F M Wetzels
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - L B Hilbrands
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - L P van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology &Growth and Regeneration, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J G Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - D Stamatialis
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - R Masereeuw
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Div. Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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45
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Kemter E, Wolf E. Pigs pave a way to de novo formation of functional human kidneys. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:12905-6. [PMID: 26460047 PMCID: PMC4620893 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1517582112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kemter
- Gene Center and Center for Innovative Medical Models, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Gene Center and Center for Innovative Medical Models, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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Shen C, Zhang G, Wang Q, Meng Q. Fabrication of Collagen Gel Hollow Fibers by Covalent Cross-Linking for Construction of Bioengineering Renal Tubules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:19789-19797. [PMID: 26280545 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Collagen, the most used natural biomacromolecule, has been extensively utilized to make scaffolds for cell cultures in tissue engineering, but has never been fabricated into the configuration of a hollow fiber (HF) for cell culture due to its poor mechanical properties. In this study, renal tubular cell-laden collagen hollow fiber (Col HF) was fabricated by dissolving sacrificial Ca-alginate cores from collagen shells strengthened by carbodiimide cross-linking. The inner/outer diameters of the Col HF were precisely controlled by the flow rates of core alginate/shell collagen solution in the microfluidic device. As found, the renal tubular cells self-assembled into renal tubules with diameters of 50-200 μm post to the culture in Col HF for 10 days. According to the 3D reconstructed confocal images or HE staining, the renal cells appeared as a tight tubular monolayer on the Col HF inner surface, sustaining more 3D cell morphology than the cell layer on the 2D flat collagen gel surface. Moreover, compared with the cultures in either a Transwell or polymer HF membrane, the renal tubules in Col HF exhibited at least 1-fold higher activity on brush border enzymes of alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltransferase, consistent with their gene expressions. The enhancement occurred similarly on multidrug resistance protein 2 and glucose uptake. Such bioengineered renal tubules in Col HF will present great potential as alternatives to synthetic HF in both clinical use and pharmaceutical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Shen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Qichen Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology , Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Qin Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
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Welman T, Michel S, Segaren N, Shanmugarajah K. Bioengineering for Organ Transplantation: Progress and Challenges. Bioengineered 2015; 6:257-61. [PMID: 26259720 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2015.1081320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation can offer a curative option for patients with end stage organ failure. Unfortunately the treatment is severely limited by the availability of donor organs. Organ bioengineering could provide a solution to the worldwide critical organ shortage. The majority of protocols to date have employed the use of decellularization-recellularization technology of naturally occurring tissues and organs with promising results in heart, lung, liver, pancreas, intestine and kidney engineering. Successful decellularization has provided researchers with suitable scaffolds to attempt cell reseeding. Future work will need to focus on the optimization of organ specific recellularization techniques before organ bioengineering can become clinically translatable. This review will examine the current progress in organ bioengineering and highlight future challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted Welman
- a Ashford and St Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust ; Chertsey, Surrey , United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Michel
- b Department of Cardiac Surgery ; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtät München ; Munich , Germany
| | - Nicholas Segaren
- c Department of Plastic Surgery ; Addenbrooke's Hospital ; Cambridge , United Kingdom
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Moon KH, Ko IK, Yoo JJ, Atala A. Kidney diseases and tissue engineering. Methods 2015; 99:112-9. [PMID: 26134528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem. Renal failure follows several disease stages including acute and chronic kidney symptoms. Acute kidney injury (AKI) may lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD), which can progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with a mortality rate. Current treatment options are limited to dialysis and kidney transplantation; however, problems such as donor organ shortage, graft failure and numerous complications remain a concern. To address this issue, cell-based approaches using tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine (RM) may provide attractive approaches to replace the damaged kidney cells with functional renal specific cells, leading to restoration of normal kidney functions. While development of renal tissue engineering is in a steady state due to the complex composition and highly regulated functionality of the kidney, cell therapy using stem cells and primary kidney cells has demonstrated promising therapeutic outcomes in terms of restoration of renal functions in AKI and CKD. In this review, basic components needed for successful renal kidney engineering are discussed, and recent TE and RM approaches to treatment of specific kidney diseases will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hyun Moon
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Department of Urology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kap Ko
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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Chung HC, Ko IK, Atala A, Yoo JJ. Cell-based therapy for kidney disease. Korean J Urol 2015; 56:412-21. [PMID: 26078837 PMCID: PMC4462630 DOI: 10.4111/kju.2015.56.6.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of renal disease continues to increase worldwide. When normal kidney is injured, the damaged renal tissue undergoes pathological and physiological events that lead to acute and chronic kidney diseases, which frequently progress to end stage renal failure. Current treatment of these renal pathologies includes dialysis, which is incapable of restoring full renal function. To address this issue, cell-based therapy has become a potential therapeutic option to treat renal pathologies. Recent development in cell therapy has demonstrated promising therapeutic outcomes, in terms of restoration of renal structure and function impaired by renal disease. This review focuses on the cell therapy approaches for the treatment of kidney diseases, including various cell sources used, as well recent advances made in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chul Chung
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. ; Department of Urology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - In Kap Ko
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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50
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Current Bioengineering Methods for Whole Kidney Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:724047. [PMID: 26089921 PMCID: PMC4452081 DOI: 10.1155/2015/724047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney regeneration is likely to provide an inexhaustible source of tissues and organs for immunosuppression-free transplantation. It is currently garnering considerable attention and might replace kidney dialysis as the ultimate therapeutic strategy for renal failure. However, anatomical complications make kidney regeneration difficult. Here, we review recent advances in the field of kidney regeneration, including (i) the directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells/embryonic stem cells into kidney cells; (ii) blastocyst decomplementation; (iii) use of a decellularized cadaveric scaffold; (iv) embryonic organ transplantation; and (v) use of a nephrogenic niche for growing xenoembryos for de novo kidney regeneration from stem cells. All these approaches represent potentially promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease. Although many obstacles to kidney regeneration remain, we hope that innovative strategies and reliable research will ultimately allow the restoration of renal function in patients with end-stage kidney disease.
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