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Association of Circulating Tumor Cells with Inflammatory and Biomarkers in the Blood of Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070664. [PMID: 34357036 PMCID: PMC8307979 DOI: 10.3390/life11070664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of specific biomarkers that recognize the functional drivers of heterogeneity in prostate cancer (PCa) and personalized treatment remain challenging in systemic medicine. Liquid biopsy allows for the detection and analysis of personalized predictive biomarkers in single blood samples and specifies the current stage of cancer. The aim of our preliminary study was to investigate the association between an elevated circulating tumor cell (CTC) count and the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6 and IL-8) and biomarkers (DKK-1, PSA, sHER2, and CD44) in patients with metastasized castration-resistant PCa (mCPRC) under chemotherapy and those with localized PCa. Such an association could be used as a component of cancer progression monitoring. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of two CTC isolation platforms. Twenty-eight patients (12 mCRPC and 16 localized PCa patients) were enrolled. Over the study period, the CTC detection rates were 84% with CellCollector® and 73.5% with CellSearch® System in mCPRC patients. The CTC counts determined by the CellSearch® System (CTC_CS) were correlated significantly with the DKK-1, sHER-2, and PSA concentrations in mCRPC patients. The CTC counts captured by CellCollector® demonstrated no significant association with the concentrations of the tested blood-based biomarkers. The CTC_CS count (AUC = 0.9 (95% CI: 0.72–1.0)) and the PSA level (AUC = 0.95 (95% CI: 0.83–1.0)) presented approximately the same sensitivity and specificity for the overall survival of mCRPC patients. For better personalized characterization, further research on CTC phenotyping and their interactions with tumor-associated blood-released factors is needed.
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Gao W, Lin S, Cheng C, Zhu A, Hu Y, Shi Z, Zhang X, Hong Z. Long non-coding RNA CASC2 regulates Sprouty2 via functioning as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-183 to modulate the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to docetaxel. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 665:69-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Patel R, Fleming J, Mui E, Loveridge C, Repiscak P, Blomme A, Harle V, Salji M, Ahmad I, Teo K, Hamdy FC, Hedley A, van den Broek N, Mackay G, Edwards J, Sansom OJ, Leung HY. Sprouty2 loss-induced IL6 drives castration-resistant prostate cancer through scavenger receptor B1. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 10:e8347. [PMID: 29540470 PMCID: PMC5887544 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a lethal form of treatment-resistant prostate cancer and poses significant therapeutic challenges. Deregulated receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signalling mediated by loss of tumour suppressor Sprouty2 (SPRY2) is associated with treatment resistance. Using pre-clinical human and murine mCRPC models, we show that SPRY2 deficiency leads to an androgen self-sufficient form of CRPC Mechanistically, HER2-IL6 signalling axis enhances the expression of androgen biosynthetic enzyme HSD3B1 and increases SRB1-mediated cholesterol uptake in SPRY2-deficient tumours. Systemically, IL6 elevated the levels of circulating cholesterol by inducing host adipose lipolysis and hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis. SPRY2-deficient CRPC is dependent on cholesterol bioavailability and SRB1-mediated tumoral cholesterol uptake for androgen biosynthesis. Importantly, treatment with ITX5061, a clinically safe SRB1 antagonist, decreased treatment resistance. Our results indicate that cholesterol transport blockade may be effective against SPRY2-deficient CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ernest Mui
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Mark Salji
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Imran Ahmad
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katy Teo
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Ann Hedley
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Hing Y Leung
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
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Liao PH, Wang YY, Wang WC, Chen CH, Kao YH, Hsu JW, Chen CY, Chen PH, Yuan SS, Chen YK. Overexpression of sprouty2 in human oral squamous cell carcinogenesis. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 87:131-142. [PMID: 29291435 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated SPRY2 expression in human oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). METHODS 75 OSCCs, 23 OPMDs with malignant transformation (MT), 17 OPMDs without MT, and eight normal oral mucosa (NOM) tissues were used for immunohistochemical staining; three OSCC tissues with normal tissue counterparts were used for western blotting. Three human oral cancer cell lines (OCCLs), an oral precancer cell line (DOK), and a NOM primary culture (NOMPC) were used for western blotting; OCCLs and NOMPC were employed for real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. OCCLs were evaluated in terms of proliferation, migration, invasion and BRAF V600E point mutation assays. RESULTS Significantly increased SPRY2 protein expression was observed in OSCCs as compared with NOM, and SPRY2 expression also differed between OSCC patients with and without lymph-node metastasis. SPRY2 protein and mRNA expressions were significantly enhanced as compared with NOMPC. Increased phospho-ERK expression was observed in OCCLs as compared with NOMPC. Significant decreases in the proliferation rate, degrees of migration and invasion were noted in OCCLs with SPRY2 siRNA transfection as compared with those without SPRY2 siRNA transfection. No BRAF V600E point mutation was observed for OCCLs as compared with NOMPC. A significantly increased SPRY2 protein level was noted in OPMDs with MT as compared to those without MT, and was also found in OPMDs with MT in comparison with NOM, as well as in DOK in comparison with NOMPC. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that SPRY2 overexpression is associated with human oral squamous-cell carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hsien Liao
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yun Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chen Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ho Chen
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Kao
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Wei Hsu
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Chen
- Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou Yuan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yuk-Kwan Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Stem cells, biomarkers and genetic profiling: approaching future challenges in Urology. Urologia 2016; 83:4-13. [PMID: 26940971 DOI: 10.5301/uro.5000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Urological research is facing future challenges, the most difficult one is the fast and meaningful transfer of the massive amount of data from research basic to clinical practice. Between the most important issues that research should focus in the next years are targeting of tumor stem cells, clinical application of biomarkers, and wide application of genetic profiling of urological neoplasms. Several clinical implications are expected, from diagnosis to selection of candidates for different treatment modalities, to modulation of sequential treatment plans, to prognosis. A number of clinical trials based on research data from the hottest issues are in the pipeline. In this review, we will focus on new insights from recent work worlwide in urological research, with particular attention to high-risk nonmuscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and kidney cancer. Cancer care is moving towards a personalized approach in patient management. The most important issues in urological research point strongly in this direction and show an enormous potential for the rapid landing of Urology in the era of personalized medicine.
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